JP5828652B2 - Plasma mig welding torch - Google Patents

Plasma mig welding torch Download PDF

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JP5828652B2
JP5828652B2 JP2011065137A JP2011065137A JP5828652B2 JP 5828652 B2 JP5828652 B2 JP 5828652B2 JP 2011065137 A JP2011065137 A JP 2011065137A JP 2011065137 A JP2011065137 A JP 2011065137A JP 5828652 B2 JP5828652 B2 JP 5828652B2
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plasma
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insulating member
notch
plasma electrode
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貢平 小野
貢平 小野
恵良　哲生
哲生 恵良
大 西村
大 西村
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Daihen Corp
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本発明は、１つの溶接トーチでミグアークとプラズマアークとを同時に発生させるプラズマミグ溶接トーチに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a plasma MIG welding torch that simultaneously generates a MIG arc and a plasma arc with one welding torch.

従来から、プラズマ溶接方法とミグ溶接方法とを組み合わせたプラズマミグ溶接方法が提案されている。このプラズマミグ溶接方法は、溶接トーチを通して送給される溶接ワイヤと母材との間にミグ溶接電流を通電することによってミグアークを発生させる。そして、中空形状のプラズマ電極が溶接ワイヤを囲むように配置されており、アルゴンなどのガスを供給し、このガスを介してプラズマ電極と母材との間にプラズマ溶接電流を通電することによってプラズマアークを発生させる。   Conventionally, a plasma MIG welding method combining a plasma welding method and a MIG welding method has been proposed. In this plasma MIG welding method, a MIG arc is generated by passing a MIG welding current between a welding wire fed through a welding torch and a base material. A hollow plasma electrode is arranged so as to surround the welding wire, and a gas such as argon is supplied, and a plasma welding current is passed between the plasma electrode and the base material through this gas to generate plasma. Generate an arc.

ミグアークは、溶接トーチの軸心部に送給される溶接ワイヤと母材との間に発生し、このミグアークを囲むようにプラズマアークが発生している。従って、ミグアークはプラズマアークに包まれた状態になる。溶接ワイヤはミグアークを発生させる電極として機能すると共に、その先端部が溶融することによって溶滴となって母材の接合を補助する。従って、プラズマミグ溶接方法は、厚板の高効率溶接や薄板の高速溶接等に使用されることが多い。（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 The MIG arc is generated between the welding wire fed to the axial center portion of the welding torch and the base material, and a plasma arc is generated so as to surround the MIG arc. Therefore, the MIG arc is wrapped in the plasma arc. The welding wire functions as an electrode for generating a MIG arc, and the tip portion melts to form a droplet to assist the joining of the base materials. Therefore, the plasma MIG welding method is often used for high-efficiency welding of thick plates and high-speed welding of thin plates. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

図３は、従来技術のプラズマミグ溶接装置の構成図であり、図４は、従来技術のプラズマミグ溶接トーチの断面図である。図３及び図４において、プラズマミグ溶接装置２１は、プラズマミグ溶接トーチ２３、ミグ溶接電源ＰＳＭ及びプラズマ溶接電源ＰＳＰを備えている。プラズマミグ溶接トーチ２３は、シールドガスノズル９内に、プラズマノズル８、プラズマ電極７及び給電チップ６が同軸心に配置された構造となっている。シールドガスノズル９とプラズマノズル８との隙間からはシールドガス１２が供給される。プラズマノズル８とプラズマ電極７との間にはプラズマガス１１が供給される。プラズマ電極７と給電チップ６との間にはセンターガス１０が供給される。   FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional plasma MIG welding apparatus, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional plasma MIG welding torch. 3 and 4, the plasma MIG welding device 21 includes a plasma MIG welding torch 23, a MIG welding power source PSM, and a plasma welding power source PSP. The plasma MIG welding torch 23 has a structure in which a plasma nozzle 8, a plasma electrode 7, and a power feed tip 6 are arranged coaxially in a shield gas nozzle 9. A shield gas 12 is supplied from the gap between the shield gas nozzle 9 and the plasma nozzle 8. A plasma gas 11 is supplied between the plasma nozzle 8 and the plasma electrode 7. A center gas 10 is supplied between the plasma electrode 7 and the power feed tip 6.

給電チップ６に設けられた貫通孔からは、溶接ワイヤ４が送給される。給電チップ６は溶接ワイヤ４と接触しており、ミグアークを発生させるための電力を供給している。溶接ワイヤ４は、送給モータＷＭを駆動源とする送給ロール５の回転によって送給される。プラズマ電極７は、たとえば銅又は銅合金からなり、プラズマ電極本体２２にねじ込まれている。プラズマ電極７は消耗部品であって頻繁に交換されるために、内部に冷却水が流れる経路を形成することができない。そのために、プラズマ電極本体２２の内部に冷却水が流れる経路が形成されて冷却され、プラズマ電極７はプラズマ電極本体２２によって間接的に水冷されている。プラズマ電極７と給電チップ６との間でアーキングが発生しないように、プラズマ電極７と給電チップ６との間にセラミックからなる絶縁部材１３を設けている。この絶縁部材１３は加工が困難であることと、消耗部品であるために交換を容易にするために、通常、固定されていない。絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂが重力によってプラズマ電極７のテーパ部の内面に当接して位置決めされている。プラズマノズル８は、たとえば銅又は銅合金からなり、冷却水を通す流路が形成されて直接冷却されている。 The welding wire 4 is fed from the through hole provided in the power feed tip 6. The power feed tip 6 is in contact with the welding wire 4 and supplies power for generating a mig arc. The welding wire 4 is fed by the rotation of a feed roll 5 using a feed motor WM as a drive source. The plasma electrode 7 is made of, for example, copper or a copper alloy, and is screwed into the plasma electrode main body 22. Since the plasma electrode 7 is a consumable part and is frequently replaced, a path through which the cooling water flows cannot be formed. Therefore, a path through which cooling water flows is formed inside the plasma electrode main body 22 to be cooled, and the plasma electrode 7 is indirectly water-cooled by the plasma electrode main body 22. An insulating member 13 made of ceramic is provided between the plasma electrode 7 and the power supply chip 6 so that arcing does not occur between the plasma electrode 7 and the power supply chip 6. This insulating member 13 is usually not fixed in order to be difficult to process and to be easily replaced because it is a consumable part. The tip 13b of the insulating member is positioned in contact with the inner surface of the tapered portion of the plasma electrode 7 by gravity. The plasma nozzle 8 is made of, for example, copper or a copper alloy, and is directly cooled by forming a flow path through which cooling water passes.

プラズマミグ溶接トーチ２３は、通常ロボット（図示は省略）によって保持された状態で、母材３に対して移動させられる。溶接ワイヤ４の先端と母材３との間には、ミグアーク２が発生する。プラズマ電極７と母材３との間にはプラズマアーク１が発生し、このプラズマアーク１はプラズマノズル８によって熱的に拘束されている。プラズマ電極７はプラズマアーク１を拘束するために、先端部の内面にテーパ部が形成されて、先端部が縮径されていている。また、プラズマガス１１が狭隘なプラズマノズル８を通過することによって動圧が高められ、プラズマアーク１を集中させている。従って、ミグアーク２は、プラズマアーク１に包まれた状態になっている。このために、プラズマアーク１は、ミグアーク２の形状が広がるのを拘束する作用があり、溶接ワイヤ４は、プラズマアーク１からの放熱を受けることになる。 The plasma MIG welding torch 23 is moved with respect to the base material 3 while being held by a normal robot (not shown). A MIG arc 2 is generated between the tip of the welding wire 4 and the base material 3. A plasma arc 1 is generated between the plasma electrode 7 and the base material 3, and the plasma arc 1 is thermally constrained by a plasma nozzle 8. In order to constrain the plasma arc 1, the plasma electrode 7 is formed with a tapered portion on the inner surface of the tip portion, and the tip portion is reduced in diameter. Further, when the plasma gas 11 passes through the narrow plasma nozzle 8, the dynamic pressure is increased and the plasma arc 1 is concentrated. Therefore, the MIG arc 2 is in a state of being surrounded by the plasma arc 1. For this reason, the plasma arc 1 has an action of restraining the shape of the MIG arc 2 from spreading, and the welding wire 4 receives heat radiation from the plasma arc 1.

ミグ溶接電源ＰＳＭは、給電チップ６を介して溶接ワイヤ４と母材３との間にミグ溶接電圧Ｖwmを印加することによって、ミグ溶接電流Ｉwmを通電する。ミグ溶接電源ＰＳＭからは、送給モータＷＭに対して送給制御信号Ｆｃが送られ、溶接ワイヤ４の送給方向及び送給速度Ｆｗが制御される。プラズマ溶接電源ＰＳＰは、プラズマ電極７と母材３との間にプラズマ溶接電圧Ｖwpを印加することによって、プラズマ溶接電流Ｉwpを通電する。   The MIG welding power source PSM applies a MIG welding current Iwm by applying a MIG welding voltage Vwm between the welding wire 4 and the base material 3 via the power feed tip 6. A feed control signal Fc is sent from the MIG welding power source PSM to the feed motor WM, and the feed direction and feed speed Fw of the welding wire 4 are controlled. The plasma welding power source PSP applies a plasma welding current Iwp by applying a plasma welding voltage Vwp between the plasma electrode 7 and the base material 3.

特開２０１０−１０４９９６号公報JP 2010-104996 A

上述したように、プラズマ電極７は間接水冷されているが、プラズマ電極７の先端部からプラズマアーク１が発生するために、プラズマ電極７自身への入熱は著しく大きい。そのために、溶接中におけるプラズマ電極７の温度上昇は、絶縁部材１３やプラズマノズル８やシールドガスノズル９に比べると大きくなり、溶接中の温度上昇によって銅金属からなるプラズマ電極７は熱膨張して、プラズマ電極７の内径が拡大される。この場合、例えば下向き姿勢で行われる溶接のとき、プラズマ電極７のテーパ部の内面に重力によって当接して位置決めされている絶縁部材１３は、プラズマ電極７の内径が拡大されることによって、さらにプラズマ電極７の先端部の方向（Ｘ１方向）へ降下する。   As described above, although the plasma electrode 7 is indirectly water-cooled, since the plasma arc 1 is generated from the tip of the plasma electrode 7, the heat input to the plasma electrode 7 itself is extremely large. Therefore, the temperature rise of the plasma electrode 7 during welding is larger than that of the insulating member 13, the plasma nozzle 8, and the shield gas nozzle 9, and the plasma electrode 7 made of copper metal is thermally expanded due to the temperature rise during welding, The inner diameter of the plasma electrode 7 is enlarged. In this case, for example, when welding is performed in a downward posture, the insulating member 13 positioned by contact with the inner surface of the tapered portion of the plasma electrode 7 by gravity is further increased by increasing the inner diameter of the plasma electrode 7. The electrode 7 descends in the direction of the tip (X1 direction).

そして溶接が終了して、プラズマ電極７の熱が冷めると、プラズマ電極７の内径が元の大きさに収縮する。このとき、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂがプラズマ電極７のテーパ部によって締め付けられることによって、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂに割れや欠けが発生することがある。この割れや欠けによって給電チップ６の先端部とプラズマ電極７との間に絶縁部材１３が無くなると、この間でアーキングが発生したり、割れや欠けによってセンターガス１０が乱流を巻き起こしたりして、プラズマアーク１が不安定になるという不具合があった。 When the welding is finished and the heat of the plasma electrode 7 is cooled, the inner diameter of the plasma electrode 7 contracts to the original size. At this time, the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member is tightened by the tapered portion of the plasma electrode 7, so that the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member may be cracked or chipped. When the insulating member 13 disappears between the tip of the power supply chip 6 and the plasma electrode 7 due to the cracks and chips, arcing occurs between them, or the center gas 10 causes turbulence due to the cracks and chips, There was a problem that the plasma arc 1 became unstable.

本発明は、プラズマ電極が熱膨張した後に冷却するときに、絶縁部材がプラズマ電極のテーパ部によって締め付けられて絶縁部材に割れや欠けを生じることのないプラズマミグ溶接トーチを提供することを目的としている。   It is an object of the present invention to provide a plasma MIG welding torch in which when the plasma electrode is cooled after being thermally expanded, the insulating member is tightened by the taper portion of the plasma electrode and the insulating member is not cracked or chipped. .

上述した課題を解決するために、請求項１の発明は、
軸心部に溶接ワイヤが挿通されて給電される給電チップと、
この給電チップと同軸心に設けられて、円筒状に形成されて、先端部にテーパ部が形成されたプラズマ電極と、
前記給電チップと前記プラズマ電極との間に設けられて、円筒状に形成された絶縁部材と、
前記プラズマ電極を取り囲み、プラズマガスが供給されるプラズマノズルと、
このプラズマノズルを取り囲み、シールドガスが供給されるシールドガスノズルとを備えたプラズマミグ溶接トーチにおいて、
前記プラズマ電極のテーパ部に形成されて、前記絶縁部材の先端部が当接して摺動可能に支持される切り欠き部を備え、
前記切り欠き部は、前記プラズマ電極の軸心部と直角方向に広がる底面と、この底面の最大外周部から前記プラズマ電極の基端部の方向へ伸びる側面とを有し、
前記切り欠き部は、前記給電チップの先端部と前記テーパ部との最短距離を結ぶ直線を前記絶縁部材が交差する位置に設けられるように形成されたことを特徴とするプラズマミグ溶接トーチである。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the invention of claim 1
A power supply tip that is fed with a welding wire inserted through the shaft center; and
A plasma electrode that is provided coaxially with the power supply tip, is formed in a cylindrical shape, and has a tapered portion at the tip,
An insulating member provided between the power supply chip and the plasma electrode and formed in a cylindrical shape;
A plasma nozzle that surrounds the plasma electrode and is supplied with plasma gas;
In a plasma MIG welding torch that surrounds the plasma nozzle and includes a shield gas nozzle to which a shield gas is supplied,
The plasma electrode has a notch formed on the tapered portion, the tip of the insulating member is in contact with and slidably supported ,
The notch has a bottom surface extending in a direction perpendicular to the axial center of the plasma electrode, and a side surface extending from the maximum outer periphery of the bottom surface toward the base end of the plasma electrode,
The notch is a plasma MIG welding torch characterized in that a straight line connecting the shortest distance between the tip of the power feed tip and the taper is provided at a position where the insulating member intersects.

請求項２の発明は、
前記給電チップの先端部と前記絶縁部材の先端部との間の距離が１ｍｍ乃至３ｍｍで、
前記絶縁部材の先端部と前記プラズマ電極の先端部との間の距離が３ｍｍ乃至７ｍｍであることを特徴とする請求項１記載のプラズマミグ溶接トーチである。 The invention of claim 2
The distance between the tip of the power feed tip and the tip of the insulating member is 1 mm to 3 mm,
2. The plasma MIG welding torch according to claim 1, wherein a distance between a tip portion of the insulating member and a tip portion of the plasma electrode is 3 mm to 7 mm.

請求項３の発明は、
前記絶縁部材の先端部と前記切り欠き部の底面との重なり代が０．５ｍｍ乃至１．２ｍｍで、
前記切り欠き部の最外径と前記絶縁部材の外径との差である切欠き部の裕度が０．３ｍｍ乃至１．５ｍｍであることを特徴とする請求項２記載のプラズマミグ溶接トーチである。
 The invention of claim 3
The overlap margin between the tip of the insulating member and the bottom of the notch is 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm,
The plasma MIG welding torch according to claim 2, wherein a margin of the notch, which is a difference between the outermost diameter of the notch and the outer diameter of the insulating member, is 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm. is there.

本発明のプラズマミグ溶接トーチは、プラズマ電極が熱膨張した後に冷却するときに、絶縁部材の先端部がプラズマ電極のテーパ部によって締め付けられることがないために、絶縁部材の先端部に割れや欠けが発生することがない。従って、絶縁部材の寿命を向上させることができ、さらに溶接品質を向上させることができる。   In the plasma MIG welding torch according to the present invention, when the plasma electrode is cooled after being thermally expanded, the tip of the insulating member is not tightened by the taper portion of the plasma electrode. It does not occur. Therefore, the life of the insulating member can be improved, and the welding quality can be further improved.

本発明のプラズマミグ溶接トーチの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the plasma MIG welding torch of this invention. 本発明のプラズマミグ溶接トーチの部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view of the plasma MIG welding torch of the present invention. 従来技術のプラズマミグ溶接装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the plasma MIG welding apparatus of a prior art. 従来技術のプラズマミグ溶接トーチの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the plasma MIG welding torch of a prior art.

発明の実施の形態を実施例に基づき図面を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明のプラズマミグ溶接トーチの断面図であり、図２は、本発明のプラズマミグ溶接トーチの部分断面図である。図１及び図２において、プラズマミグ溶接トーチ２４の給電チップ６の軸心部に溶接ワイヤ４の挿通孔が形成されて、溶接ワイヤ４がこの挿通孔に挿通されて給電される。プラズマ電極２５は、給電チップ６と同軸心に設けられ、プラズマ電極本体２２にねじ込まれる。プラズマ電極本体２２は円筒状に形成され、その内部には冷却水が流れる経路が形成され、冷却されている。プラズマ電極２５は、先端部にテーパ部２５ａが形成されて、プラズマ電極本体２２によって間接的に冷却される。絶縁部材１３が円筒状に形成されて、給電チップ６とプラズマ電極２５との間に設けられている。プラズマノズル８が円筒状に形成されて、その先端部にテーパ部が形成され、プラズマ電極２５を取り囲み、プラズマガス１１が供給される。シールドガスノズル９が円筒状に形成されて、その先端部にテーパ部が形成され、プラズマノズル８を取り囲み、シールドガス１２が供給される。   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the plasma MIG welding torch of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the plasma MIG welding torch of the present invention. 1 and 2, an insertion hole for the welding wire 4 is formed in the axial center portion of the power feeding tip 6 of the plasma MIG welding torch 24, and the welding wire 4 is inserted into the insertion hole for power supply. The plasma electrode 25 is provided coaxially with the power feed tip 6 and is screwed into the plasma electrode body 22. The plasma electrode main body 22 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a path through which cooling water flows is formed and cooled. The plasma electrode 25 has a tapered portion 25 a formed at the tip and is indirectly cooled by the plasma electrode body 22. The insulating member 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape and is provided between the power feed tip 6 and the plasma electrode 25. The plasma nozzle 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape, a tapered portion is formed at the tip thereof, surrounds the plasma electrode 25, and the plasma gas 11 is supplied. The shield gas nozzle 9 is formed in a cylindrical shape, a tapered portion is formed at the tip thereof, surrounds the plasma nozzle 8, and the shield gas 12 is supplied.

プラズマ電極のテーパ部２５ａに、階段状の切り欠き部２６が形成されて、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂがこの切り欠き部２６に当接している。また、プラズマ電極２５が溶接中に熱膨張して拡大したり、溶接終了後に冷却されて縮小したりしたときに、絶縁部材１３が切り欠き部２６で摺動可能に支持される。この切り欠き部２６は、プラズマ電極２５の軸心部と直角方向に広がる底面２６ａと、この底面２６ａの最大外周部からプラズマ電極２５の基端部の方向（Ｘ２方向）へ伸びる側面２６ｂとを有している。この側面２６ｂは、プラズマ電極２５の基端部側（Ｘ２側）から見て、円形に形成されている。また、切り欠き部２６は、プラズマ電極２５の軸心部方向の断面形状がＬ字形状に形成されている。 A stepped notch 26 is formed in the taper portion 25 a of the plasma electrode, and the tip 13 b of the insulating member is in contact with the notch 26. The insulating member 13 is slidably supported by the notch 26 when the plasma electrode 25 expands due to thermal expansion during welding or when the plasma electrode 25 is cooled and contracted after the end of welding. The notch 26 includes a bottom surface 26a that extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial center of the plasma electrode 25, and a side surface 26b that extends from the maximum outer periphery of the bottom surface 26a toward the base end of the plasma electrode 25 (X2 direction). Have. The side surface 26 b is formed in a circular shape when viewed from the base end side (X2 side) of the plasma electrode 25. Further, the cutout portion 26 is formed in an L-shaped cross section in the axial center direction of the plasma electrode 25.

また、切り欠き部２６は、給電チップの先端部６ｂとプラズマ電極のテーパ部２５ａとの最短距離を結ぶ直線を絶縁部材１３が交差する位置になるように形成されている。即ち、給電チップ６とプラズマ電極２５との間でアーキングが発生しないように絶縁部材１３を設けることができる位置に切り欠き部２６を形成している。 The notch 26 is formed so that the insulating member 13 intersects a straight line connecting the shortest distance between the tip 6b of the power feed tip and the taper 25a of the plasma electrode. That is, the notch 26 is formed at a position where the insulating member 13 can be provided so that arcing does not occur between the power supply chip 6 and the plasma electrode 25.

以下、切り欠き部２６が形成される位置やその形状を、給電チップ６の外径Ｄ１が６ｍｍで、プラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂの内径Ｄ５が７ｍｍで、プラズマ電極２５のテーパ部２５ａを除く円筒状の部分の内径Ｄ３（プラズマ電極本体２２の内径と同じ）が１０ｍｍで、絶縁部材１３の外径Ｄ２が９．３ｍｍで、絶縁部材１３の厚みＬ１が１．３ｍｍのときを例として説明する。 Hereinafter, the positions and shapes of the notches 26 are defined as follows: the outer diameter D1 of the power supply tip 6 is 6 mm, the inner diameter D5 of the tip 25b of the plasma electrode is 7 mm, and the cylinder excluding the taper 25a of the plasma electrode 25 is excluded. An example will be described in which the inner diameter D3 (same as the inner diameter of the plasma electrode main body 22) is 10 mm, the outer diameter D2 of the insulating member 13 is 9.3 mm, and the thickness L1 of the insulating member 13 is 1.3 mm. .

まず、切り欠き部２６が形成される位置を説明する。給電チップの先端部６ｂと絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとの間の距離Ｌ１が１ｍｍよりも短い場合、給電チップの先端部６ｂとプラズマ電極のテーパ部２５ａとの間の最短距離を結ぶ線上に絶縁部材１３が存在しなくなるので、給電チップの先端部６ｂとプラズマ電極のテーパ部２５ａとの間でアーキングが発生する。一方、給電チップの先端部６ｂと絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとの間の距離Ｌ１が３ｍｍよりも長い場合、給電チップの先端部６ｂと母材３との間の距離が長くなって、溶接ワイヤ４の突出し長さが長くなる。その場合、鉄系の溶接ワイヤ４を使用すると、溶接ワイヤ４の突出し長さの抵抗発熱が大きくなって、溶接電流が低減する。従って、給電チップの先端部６ｂと絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとの間の距離Ｌ１を１ｍｍ乃至３ｍｍとする。 First, the position where the notch 26 is formed will be described. When the distance L1 between the tip portion 6b of the power feed tip and the tip portion 13b of the insulating member is shorter than 1 mm, insulation is performed on the line connecting the shortest distance between the tip portion 6b of the power feed tip and the taper portion 25a of the plasma electrode. Since the member 13 does not exist, arcing occurs between the tip portion 6b of the power feed tip and the taper portion 25a of the plasma electrode. On the other hand, when the distance L1 between the tip portion 6b of the power feed tip and the tip portion 13b of the insulating member is longer than 3 mm, the distance between the tip portion 6b of the power feed tip and the base material 3 becomes long, and the welding wire The protruding length of 4 becomes longer. In this case, when the iron-based welding wire 4 is used, the resistance heat generation of the protruding length of the welding wire 4 increases, and the welding current is reduced. Accordingly, the distance L1 between the tip portion 6b of the power feed tip and the tip portion 13b of the insulating member is set to 1 mm to 3 mm.

絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとプラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂとの間の距離Ｌ２が３ｍｍよりも短い場合、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂがプラズマアークに近くなりすぎて、プラズマアークの高熱のために絶縁部材１３が破損する場合がある。一方、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとプラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂとの間の距離Ｌ２が７ｍｍよりも長い場合、給電チップの先端部６ｂと絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとの間の距離Ｌ１と同様に、溶接ワイヤ４の突出し長さが長くなって溶接電流が低減する。従って、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとプラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂとの間の距離Ｌ２を３ｍｍ乃至７ｍｍとする。 When the distance L2 between the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member and the distal end portion 25b of the plasma electrode is shorter than 3 mm, the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member becomes too close to the plasma arc, and the insulating member due to the high heat of the plasma arc. 13 may be damaged. On the other hand, when the distance L2 between the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member and the distal end portion 25b of the plasma electrode is longer than 7 mm, similarly to the distance L1 between the distal end portion 6b of the power feed tip and the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member. The protruding length of the welding wire 4 is increased and the welding current is reduced. Therefore, the distance L2 between the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member and the distal end portion 25b of the plasma electrode is set to 3 mm to 7 mm.

次に切り欠き部２６の形状を説明する。絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂと切り欠き部の底面２６ａとが接触する面（以下、切り欠き部の重なり代２６ｃという。）の長さＬ３が、プラズマ電極２５が熱膨張していない常温状態において０．５ｍｍよりも短い場合、熱膨張したときに、プラズマ電極２５の線膨張係数が絶縁部材１３の線膨張係数よりも著しく大きいために、重なり代が無くなって、絶縁部材１３が切り欠き部２６よりも下方のテーパ部２５ａに降下して、従来技術と同じ不具合が発生する。一方、切り欠き部の重なり代２６ｃの長さＬ３が１．２ｍｍよりも長い場合、絶縁部材１３の厚さとほぼ同じ長さになって、給電チップ６とプラズマ電極２５とを絶縁する効果が薄れて、これらの間でアーキングが発生する場合がある。従って、切り欠き部の重なり代２６ｃの長さＬ３を０．５ｍｍ乃至１．２ｍｍとする。 Next, the shape of the notch 26 will be described. The length L3 of the surface where the tip 13b of the insulating member and the bottom surface 26a of the notch contact (hereinafter referred to as the notch overlap 26c) is 0 in the normal temperature state where the plasma electrode 25 is not thermally expanded. When it is shorter than 5 mm, the linear expansion coefficient of the plasma electrode 25 is remarkably larger than the linear expansion coefficient of the insulating member 13 when thermally expanded. Also descends to the lower taper portion 25a, causing the same problem as in the prior art. On the other hand, when the length L3 of the overlap margin 26c of the notch is longer than 1.2 mm, the length of the insulating member 13 is almost the same as that of the insulating member 13, and the effect of insulating the power feed tip 6 and the plasma electrode 25 is reduced. In some cases, arcing may occur between them. Accordingly, the length L3 of the overlap margin 26c of the notch is set to 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm.

切り欠き部２６の最外径Ｄ４と絶縁部材１３の外径Ｄ２との差である切り欠き部２６の裕度（以下、切り欠き部２６の裕度という。）の最小値は、絶縁部材１３とプラズマ電極２５の切り欠き部２６との加工精度によって決定され、０．３ｍｍとする。一方、この裕度が１．５ｍｍよりも大きい場合、切り欠き部の重なり代２６ｃが少なくなり、絶縁部材１３が切り欠き部の底面２６ａで安定して支持できなくなる。従って、切り欠き部２６の裕度を０．３ｍｍ乃至１．５ｍｍとする。   The minimum value of the margin of the notch 26 (hereinafter referred to as the margin of the notch 26), which is the difference between the outermost diameter D4 of the notch 26 and the outer diameter D2 of the insulating member 13, is the insulating member 13. And 0.3 mm, which is determined by the processing accuracy of the notch 26 of the plasma electrode 25. On the other hand, when this tolerance is larger than 1.5 mm, the overlap margin 26c of the notch portion decreases, and the insulating member 13 cannot be stably supported by the bottom surface 26a of the notch portion. Therefore, the tolerance of the notch 26 is set to 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm.

なお、切り欠き部２６の最外径Ｄ４は、（切り欠き部２６の最外径Ｄ４）-＝（切り欠き部２６の裕度）＋（絶縁部材１３の外径Ｄ２）であるから、切り欠き部の最外径Ｄ４は、９．６ｍｍ乃至１０．８ｍｍとなる。また、切り欠き部の底面２６ａの長さＬ４は、（切り欠き部の底面の長さＬ４）＝（切り欠き部の重なり代２６ｃの長さＬ３）＋（切り欠き部２６の裕度／２）であるから、切り欠き部の底面の長さＬ４は、０．６５ｍｍ乃至１．９５ｍｍとなる。   The outermost diameter D4 of the notch 26 is (outermost diameter D4 of the notch 26) − = (tolerance of the notch 26) + (outer diameter D2 of the insulating member 13). The outermost diameter D4 of the notch is 9.6 mm to 10.8 mm. The length L4 of the bottom surface 26a of the notch portion is (the length L4 of the bottom surface of the notch portion) = (the length L3 of the overlap margin 26c of the notch portion) + (tolerance of the notch portion / 2). Therefore, the length L4 of the bottom surface of the notch is 0.65 mm to 1.95 mm.

以下、動作を説明する。例えば下向き姿勢で溶接が開始されると、溶接ワイヤ４の先端と母材３との間にミグアーク２が発生し、プラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂと母材３との間にプラズマアーク１が発生して、プラズマ電極２５の温度が著しく上昇する。このとき、銅金属からなるプラズマ電極２５は熱膨張して、プラズマ電極２５の内径が拡大され、切り欠き部２６の最外径Ｄ４が拡大する。一方、セラミックからなる絶縁部材１３は、線膨張係数がプラズマ電極２５よりも小さいために、熱膨張が小さい。このとき、切り欠き部の重なり代２６ｃの長さＬ３が０．５ｍｍ乃至１．２ｍｍに設けられ、切り欠き部２６の裕度が０．３ｍｍ乃至１．５ｍｍに設けられているために、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂは切り欠き部の底面２６ａを摺動するが、依然として切り欠き部２６によって支持されている。従って、絶縁部材１３が重力によってプラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂの方向（Ｘ１方向）へ降下することがない。   The operation will be described below. For example, when welding is started in a downward posture, a MIG arc 2 is generated between the tip of the welding wire 4 and the base material 3, and a plasma arc 1 is generated between the tip 25 b of the plasma electrode and the base material 3. As a result, the temperature of the plasma electrode 25 significantly increases. At this time, the plasma electrode 25 made of copper metal is thermally expanded, the inner diameter of the plasma electrode 25 is enlarged, and the outermost diameter D4 of the notch 26 is enlarged. On the other hand, since the insulating member 13 made of ceramic has a linear expansion coefficient smaller than that of the plasma electrode 25, the thermal expansion is small. At this time, the length L3 of the overlap margin 26c of the notch portion is provided in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm, and the margin of the notch portion 26 is provided in the range of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm. The tip 13b of the member slides on the bottom surface 26a of the notch, but is still supported by the notch 26. Therefore, the insulating member 13 does not drop in the direction of the front end portion 25b of the plasma electrode (X1 direction) due to gravity.

また、給電チップの先端部６ｂと絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとの間の距離Ｌ１が１ｍｍ乃至３ｍｍに設けられ、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとプラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂとの間の距離Ｌ２が３ｍｍ乃至７ｍｍに設けられている。このために、給電チップの先端部６ｂとプラズマ電極のテーパ部２５ａとの間でアーキングが発生することがなく、プラズマアーク１の高熱のために絶縁部材１３が破損することもなく、また、溶接ワイヤ４の突出し長さの抵抗発熱が大きくなって、溶接電流が低減することもない。   The distance L1 between the tip 6b of the power feed tip and the tip 13b of the insulating member is set to 1 mm to 3 mm, and the distance L2 between the tip 13b of the insulating member and the tip 25b of the plasma electrode is 3 mm. Or 7 mm. For this reason, arcing does not occur between the tip portion 6b of the power supply tip and the taper portion 25a of the plasma electrode, the insulating member 13 is not damaged due to the high heat of the plasma arc 1, and welding is performed. The resistance heating of the protruding length of the wire 4 is increased, and the welding current is not reduced.

そして溶接が終了して、プラズマ電極２５の熱が冷めると、プラズマ電極２５の内径が元の大きさに収縮する。この場合も、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂは切り欠き部の底面２６ａを摺動して、切り欠き部２６によって支持されている。このとき、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂがプラズマ電極のテーパ部２５ａによって締め付けられることがないために、絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂに割れや欠けが発生することがない。従って、従来技術のように絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂに割れや欠けが発生して、この割れや欠けによって給電チップの先端部６ｂとプラズマ電極２５との間に絶縁部材１３が無くなり、これらの間でアーキングが発生したり、割れや欠けによってセンターガス１０が乱流を巻き起こしたりして、プラズマアーク１が不安定になることがない。よって、絶縁部材１３の寿命を向上させることができ、さらに溶接品質を向上させることができる。 When the welding is completed and the heat of the plasma electrode 25 is cooled, the inner diameter of the plasma electrode 25 contracts to the original size. Also in this case, the distal end portion 13b of the insulating member slides on the bottom surface 26a of the notch portion and is supported by the notch portion 26. At this time, since the tip portion 13b of the insulating member is not tightened by the taper portion 25a of the plasma electrode, the tip portion 13b of the insulating member is not cracked or chipped. Therefore, as in the prior art, the tip 13b of the insulating member is cracked or chipped, and the insulating member 13 is not provided between the tip 6b of the power feed tip and the plasma electrode 25 due to the crack or chip. Thus, arcing does not occur, and the center gas 10 causes a turbulent flow due to cracking or chipping, so that the plasma arc 1 does not become unstable. Therefore, the life of the insulating member 13 can be improved, and the welding quality can be further improved.

１ プラズマアーク
２ ミグアーク
３ 母材
４ 溶接ワイヤ
５ 送給ロール
６ 給電チップ
６ｂ 給電チップの先端部
７ プラズマ電極
８ プラズマノズル
９ シールドガスノズル
１０ センターガス
１１ プラズマガス
１２ シールドガス
１３ 絶縁部材
１３ｂ 絶縁部材の先端部
２１ プラズマミグ溶接装置
２２ プラズマ電極本体
２３ プラズマミグ溶接トーチ
２４ プラズマミグ溶接トーチ
２５ プラズマ電極
２５ａ プラズマ電極のテーパ部
２５ｂ プラズマ電極の先端部
２６ 切り欠き部
２６ａ 切り欠き部の底面
２６ｂ 切り欠き部の側面
２６ｃ 切り欠き部２６の重なり代
Ｄ１ 給電チップ６の外径
Ｄ２ 絶縁部材１３の外径
Ｄ３ プラズマ電極２５のテーパ部２５ａを除く円筒状の部分の内径
Ｄ４ 切り欠き部２６の最外径
Ｄ５ プラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂの内径
Ｆｃ 送給制御信号
Ｆｗ 送給速度
Ｉwm ミグ溶接電流
Ｉwp プラズマ溶接電流
Ｌ１ 給電チップの先端部６ｂと絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとの間の距離
Ｌ２ 絶縁部材の先端部１３ｂとプラズマ電極の先端部２５ｂとの間の距離
Ｌ３ 切り欠き部の重なり代２６ｃの長さ
Ｌ４ 切り欠き部の底面の長さ
ＰＳＭ ミグ溶接電源
ＰＳＰ プラズマ溶接電源
Ｖwm ミグ溶接電圧
Ｖwp プラズマ溶接電圧
ＷＭ 送給モータ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plasma arc 2 Mig arc 3 Base material 4 Welding wire 5 Feed roll 6 Feed tip 6b Tip part 7 of feed tip Plasma electrode 8 Plasma nozzle 9 Shield gas nozzle 10 Center gas 11 Plasma gas 12 Shield gas 13 Insulation member 13b Tip of insulation member Part 21 Plasma MIG welding device 22 Plasma electrode main body 23 Plasma MIG welding torch 24 Plasma MIG welding torch 25 Plasma electrode 25a Plasma electrode taper part 25b Plasma electrode tip part 26 Notch part 26a Notch part bottom face 26b Notch side face 26c Notch Overlap allowance D1 of notch portion 26 Outer diameter D2 of feed tip 6 Outer diameter D3 of insulating member 13 Inner diameter D4 of cylindrical portion excluding taper portion 25a of plasma electrode 25 Outermost diameter D5 of notch portion 26 Tip of plasma electrode Inner diameter F of portion 25b c Feeding control signal Fw Feeding speed Iwm Mig welding current Iwp Plasma welding current L1 Distance between the tip 6b of the power feed tip and the tip 13b of the insulating member L2 The tip 13b of the insulating member and the tip 25b of the plasma electrode Distance L3 between the notch overlap length 26c length L4 notch bottom length PSM MIG welding power source PSP plasma welding power source Vwm MIG welding voltage Vwp plasma welding voltage WM feeding motor

Claims (3)

軸心部に溶接ワイヤが挿通されて給電される給電チップと、
この給電チップと同軸心に設けられて、円筒状に形成されて、先端部にテーパ部が形成されたプラズマ電極と、
前記給電チップと前記プラズマ電極との間に設けられて、円筒状に形成された絶縁部材と、
前記プラズマ電極を取り囲み、プラズマガスが供給されるプラズマノズルと、
このプラズマノズルを取り囲み、シールドガスが供給されるシールドガスノズルとを備えたプラズマミグ溶接トーチにおいて、
前記プラズマ電極のテーパ部に形成されて、前記絶縁部材の先端部が当接して摺動可能に支持される切り欠き部を備え、
前記切り欠き部は、前記プラズマ電極の軸心部と直角方向に広がる底面と、この底面の最大外周部から前記プラズマ電極の基端部の方向へ伸びる側面とを有し、
前記切り欠き部は、前記給電チップの先端部と前記テーパ部との最短距離を結ぶ直線を前記絶縁部材が交差する位置に設けられるように形成されたことを特徴とするプラズマミグ溶接トーチ。 A power supply tip that is fed with a welding wire inserted through the shaft center; and
A plasma electrode that is provided coaxially with the power supply tip, is formed in a cylindrical shape, and has a tapered portion at the tip,
An insulating member provided between the power supply chip and the plasma electrode and formed in a cylindrical shape;
A plasma nozzle that surrounds the plasma electrode and is supplied with plasma gas;
In a plasma MIG welding torch that surrounds the plasma nozzle and includes a shield gas nozzle to which a shield gas is supplied,
The plasma electrode has a notch formed on the tapered portion, the tip of the insulating member is in contact with and slidably supported ,
The notch has a bottom surface extending in a direction perpendicular to the axial center of the plasma electrode, and a side surface extending from the maximum outer periphery of the bottom surface toward the base end of the plasma electrode,
The plasma MIG welding torch characterized in that the notch is formed so as to be provided at a position where the insulating member intersects a straight line connecting the shortest distance between the tip of the power feed tip and the taper. 前記給電チップの先端部と前記絶縁部材の先端部との間の距離が１ｍｍ乃至３ｍｍで、The distance between the tip of the power feed tip and the tip of the insulating member is 1 mm to 3 mm,
前記絶縁部材の先端部と前記プラズマ電極の先端部との間の距離が３ｍｍ乃至７ｍｍであることを特徴とする請求項１記載のプラズマミグ溶接トーチ。The plasma MIG welding torch according to claim 1, wherein a distance between a tip portion of the insulating member and a tip portion of the plasma electrode is 3 mm to 7 mm. 前記絶縁部材の先端部と前記切り欠き部の底面との重なり代が０．５ｍｍ乃至１．２ｍｍで、The overlap margin between the tip of the insulating member and the bottom of the notch is 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm,
前記切り欠き部の最外径と前記絶縁部材の外径との差である切欠き部の裕度が０．３ｍｍ乃至１．５ｍｍであることを特徴とする請求項２記載のプラズマミグ溶接トーチ。The plasma MIG welding torch according to claim 2, wherein a margin of the notch, which is a difference between the outermost diameter of the notch and the outer diameter of the insulating member, is 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm.
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