JP5699276B2 - Electric tool - Google Patents

Electric tool Download PDF

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JP5699276B2
JP5699276B2 JP2011010942A JP2011010942A JP5699276B2 JP 5699276 B2 JP5699276 B2 JP 5699276B2 JP 2011010942 A JP2011010942 A JP 2011010942A JP 2011010942 A JP2011010942 A JP 2011010942A JP 5699276 B2 JP5699276 B2 JP 5699276B2
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movable member
elastic body
planetary gear
gear train
axial direction
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JP2012148391A (en
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賢一郎 稲垣
賢一郎 稲垣
将利 渥美
将利 渥美
山田 穣
穣 山田
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、電動工具に関し、特に、遊星ギア列を備えて複数段の減速比の切り替えを可能とした電動工具に関する。   The present invention relates to an electric power tool, and more particularly to an electric power tool that includes a planetary gear train and can switch a reduction ratio of a plurality of stages.

従来から、遊星ギア列と、この遊星ギア列に対し係合又は離脱する可動部材とを備え、この可動部材を移動させることにより、複数段の変速を可能とした電動工具が知られている(例えば特許文献1参照)。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electric tool that includes a planetary gear train and a movable member that engages or disengages with the planetary gear train and moves the movable member to enable a multi-stage shift is known ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

この種の電動工具として、例えば、図10に示されるような減速機構部を備えたものがある。この減速機構部では、周方向に多数の歯部を有するキャリア90と、前記キャリア90の出力側ギアに噛み合うプラネットギア91と、このキャリア90及びプラネットギア91に噛み合う歯部を有するリングギア92とを備えている。リングギア92は、軸方向にスライド自在となっており、その歯部がキャリア90の歯部に対し係合又は離脱する。   As this type of electric tool, for example, there is one provided with a speed reduction mechanism as shown in FIG. In this speed reduction mechanism, a carrier 90 having a large number of teeth in the circumferential direction, a planet gear 91 that meshes with the output side gear of the carrier 90, and a ring gear 92 that has teeth that mesh with the carrier 90 and the planet gear 91, It has. The ring gear 92 is slidable in the axial direction, and its teeth engage or disengage from the teeth of the carrier 90.

リングギア92は、キャリア90とプラネットギア91に対して歯部同士が噛み合う位置(図10(a)の位置)と、キャリア90の歯部から離脱してプラネットギア91及びその他のギア93に対して歯部同士が噛み合う位置(図10(c)の位置)との間を移動する。なお、この例におけるその他のギア93は、減速機ケースに固設されたギアであり、その歯部は、リングギア92の外周部に突設された歯部と噛み合うように構成されている。   The ring gear 92 is separated from the toothed portion of the carrier 90 with respect to the planet gear 91 and other gears 93 when the tooth portions mesh with the carrier 90 and the planet gear 91 (position of FIG. 10A). The tooth portion moves between the positions where the tooth portions mesh with each other (the position shown in FIG. 10C). In addition, the other gear 93 in this example is a gear fixed to the reduction gear case, and a tooth portion thereof is configured to mesh with a tooth portion protruding from the outer peripheral portion of the ring gear 92.

図10に示す電動工具では、リングギア92が可動部材となっており、この可動部材を軸方向に移動させることで、減速比が変更されるようになっている。   In the electric tool shown in FIG. 10, the ring gear 92 is a movable member, and the reduction ratio is changed by moving the movable member in the axial direction.

特開昭63−101545号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-101545

上記したような構成の電動工具において、例えばリングギア92である可動部材をスライド移動させて前記ギア93の歯部と噛み合わせるとき、両者の歯部がうまく噛み合わなかった場合には、可動部材はそれ以上移動できず、図10(b)に示すような位置でスライド移動がロックされてしまう。この場合、電動工具は減速比の切り替えができないという問題が生じる。   In the electric tool having the above-described configuration, for example, when the movable member that is the ring gear 92 is slid and meshed with the tooth portion of the gear 93, if both the tooth portions do not mesh well, the movable member is It cannot move any more, and the sliding movement is locked at a position as shown in FIG. In this case, there arises a problem that the power tool cannot switch the reduction ratio.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、移動部材をスライド移動させて行う減速比の切り替え作業を、確実に行うことのできる電動工具を提供することを、課題とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and makes it a subject to provide the electric tool which can perform reliably the switching operation of the reduction ratio performed by sliding a moving member.

前記課題を解決するために本発明の電動工具を、下記構成を具備したものとする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the power tool of the present invention has the following configuration.

本発明の電動工具は、駆動源となるモータと、前記モータの回転動力を伝達する減速機構部とを備え、前記減速機構部は、遊星ギア列と、前記遊星ギア列の軸方向にスライド自在であって該遊星ギア列に対し係合又は離脱する可動部材と、前記遊星ギア列及び前記可動部材を収容する減速機ケースとを有し、前記可動部材のスライド移動によって複数段の変速が行われる電動工具において、前記減速機ケースの内外を貫通し且つ前記軸方向に沿って設けられたスライド溝と、前記軸方向に対して傾斜した方向に沿って貫設された作動溝を前記スライド溝の一部と重なる位置に有し且つ前記減速機ケースの外周に配された操作部材と、前記スライド溝と前記作動溝が重なる部分に挿通され且つ前記可動部材に連結される支持部材と、前記操作部材を移動させる駆動部と、前記駆動部が前記操作部材を介して前記可動部材をスライド移動させたとき、前記可動部材に対して、前記スライド移動方向への付勢力を付与する付勢手段とを備える。前記付勢手段は、前記駆動部により駆動される中間部材と、前記中間部材と前記操作部材の間に介在され、前記操作部材に対してその移動方向への付勢力を付与する弾性体から成り、前記弾性体は、一定以上の負荷が働いた時点で弾性変形を生じる硬度を有し、前記可動部材が切替位置に達する直前で移動不能となったときに、前記駆動部による前記中間部材の駆動を継続させ、前記弾性体に前記一定以上の負荷を働かせて弾性変形を生じさせることで、前記可動部材に対して前記付勢力を与え続けるように設けたことを特徴とする。 The power tool of the present invention includes a motor as a drive source and a speed reduction mechanism that transmits the rotational power of the motor, and the speed reduction mechanism is slidable in the axial direction of the planetary gear train and the planetary gear train. A movable member that engages with or disengages from the planetary gear train, and a reduction gear case that houses the planetary gear train and the movable member, and a plurality of speeds are changed by sliding the movable member. In the electric power tool, the slide groove is provided with a slide groove penetrating through the inside and outside of the reduction gear case and provided along the axial direction, and an operation groove penetrating along a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction. An operation member disposed at a position overlapping with a part of the speed reducer case, a support member inserted through a portion where the slide groove and the operation groove overlap and connected to the movable member, Operation part A driving unit for moving the, when the drive unit is slid said movable member through said operation member, relative to said movable member, and a biasing means for applying a biasing force to the sliding direction Prepare. The biasing means includes an intermediate member driven by the drive unit , and an elastic body that is interposed between the intermediate member and the operation member and applies a biasing force in the moving direction to the operation member. formed is, the elastic body has a hardness causing elastic deformation at the time of working a load above a certain, when the movable member becomes immovable immediately before reaching the switching position, the by the drive unit intermediate The driving of the member is continued, and the elastic member is caused to undergo elastic deformation by applying a load of a certain level or more so that the urging force is continuously applied to the movable member .

また、前記課題を解決するために本発明の電動工具を、下記構成を具備したものとしてもよい。   Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, the electric tool of this invention is good also as what comprised the following structure.

本発明の電動工具は、駆動源となるモータと、前記モータの回転動力を伝達する減速機構部とを備え、前記減速機構部は、遊星ギア列と、前記遊星ギア列の軸方向にスライド自在であって該遊星ギア列に対し係合又は離脱する可動部材と、前記遊星ギア列及び前記可動部材を収容する減速機ケースとを有し、前記可動部材のスライド移動によって複数段の変速が行われる電動工具において、前記減速機ケースの内外を貫通し且つ前記軸方向に沿って設けられたスライド溝と、前記軸方向に対して傾斜した方向に沿って貫設された作動溝を前記スライド溝の一部と重なる位置に有し且つ前記減速機ケースの外周に配された操作部材と、前記スライド溝と前記作動溝が重なる部分に挿通され且つ前記可動部材に連結される支持部材と、前記操作部材を移動させる駆動部と、前記駆動部が前記操作部材を介して前記可動部材をスライド移動させたとき、前記可動部材に対して、前記スライド移動方向への付勢力を付与する弾性体とを備える。前記支持部材は、前記スライド溝と前記作動溝が重なる部分に挿通される挿通部と、前記挿通部から延設されて前記可動部材に連結されるアーム部とから成り、前記アーム部の少なくとも一部が、前記弾性体である。前記弾性体は、一定以上の負荷が働いた時点で弾性変形を生じる硬度を有し、前記可動部材が切替位置に達する直前で移動不能となったときに、前記駆動部による前記操作部材の駆動を継続させ、前記弾性体に前記一定以上の負荷を働かせて弾性変形を生じさせることで、前記可動部材に対して前記付勢力を与え続けるように設けたことを特徴とする。 The power tool of the present invention includes a motor as a drive source and a speed reduction mechanism that transmits the rotational power of the motor, and the speed reduction mechanism is slidable in the axial direction of the planetary gear train and the planetary gear train. A movable member that engages with or disengages from the planetary gear train, and a reduction gear case that houses the planetary gear train and the movable member, and a plurality of speeds are changed by sliding the movable member. In the electric power tool, the slide groove is provided with a slide groove penetrating through the inside and outside of the reduction gear case and provided along the axial direction, and an operation groove penetrating along a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction. An operation member disposed at a position overlapping with a part of the speed reducer case, a support member inserted through a portion where the slide groove and the operation groove overlap and connected to the movable member, Operation part Comprising a driving unit for moving the, when the drive unit is slid said movable member through said operation member, relative to said movable member, and an elastic member for imparting an urging force to the sliding direction . The support member includes an insertion portion that is inserted through a portion where the slide groove and the operation groove overlap, and an arm portion that extends from the insertion portion and is connected to the movable member, and at least one of the arm portions. The part is the elastic body. The elastic body has a hardness that causes elastic deformation when a load of a certain level or more is applied, and when the movable member becomes immovable immediately before reaching the switching position, the driving member drives the operating member. , And the elastic member is provided with the above-described load by causing the elastic member to be elastically deformed, thereby continuously applying the urging force to the movable member .

また前記弾性体は、渦巻き形状を有することも好ましい。 Further, the elastic body also preferably has a spiral shape.

本発明は、可動部材をスライド移動させて行う減速比の切り替え作業を、確実に行うことができるという効果を奏する。   The present invention has an effect that the reduction ratio switching operation performed by sliding the movable member can be performed reliably.

本発明の第1の実施形態の電動工具が備える減速機構部の側面図であり、(a)は変速前、(b)は変速過程、(c)は変速完了時を示している。It is a side view of the speed-reduction mechanism part with which the electric tool of the 1st Embodiment of this invention is provided, (a) is before shifting, (b) has shown the shifting process, (c) has shown the completion of shifting. 同上の減速機構部の断面図であり、(a)は変速前、(b)は変速過程、(c)は変速完了時を示している。It is sectional drawing of a deceleration mechanism part same as the above, (a) is before shifting, (b) is the shifting process, (c) has shown the time of shifting completion. 同上の電動工具の要部断面図であり、(a)は変速前、(b)は変速過程、(c)は変速完了時を示している。It is principal part sectional drawing of an electric tool same as the above, (a) is before shifting, (b) is the shifting process, (c) has shown the completion of shifting. 同上の電動工具の側面図である。It is a side view of an electric tool same as the above. 本発明の第2の実施形態の電動工具が備える減速機構部の側面図であり、(a)は変速前、(b)は変速過程、(c)は変速完了時を示している。It is a side view of the speed-reduction mechanism part with which the electric tool of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is provided, (a) is before gear shifting, (b) has shown the shifting process, (c) has shown the time of completion of shifting. 同上の減速機構部の断面図であり、(a)は変速前、(b)は変速過程、(c)は変速完了時を示している。It is sectional drawing of a deceleration mechanism part same as the above, (a) is before shifting, (b) is the shifting process, (c) has shown the time of shifting completion. 本発明の第3の実施形態の電動工具が備える減速機構部の要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view of the deceleration mechanism part with which the electric tool of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is provided. 同上の減速機構部が備える支持部材の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the support member with which the deceleration mechanism part same as the above is provided. 本発明の第4の実施形態の電動工具の要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view of the electric tool of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 従来の電動工具が備える減速機構部の断面図であり、(a)は変速前、(b)は変速過程、(c)は変速完了時を示している。It is sectional drawing of the speed-reduction mechanism part with which the conventional electric tool is equipped, (a) is before shifting, (b) has shown the shifting process, (c) has shown the completion of shifting.

本発明を、添付図面に示す実施形態に基づいて説明する。なお、本文中で用いる「軸方向」とは、減速機構部2のギアの軸に沿った方向を意味し、「軸回り」の方向とは、減速機構部2のギアの軸回りの方向を意味する。   The present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The “axial direction” used in the text means a direction along the gear axis of the speed reduction mechanism unit 2, and the “around the axis” direction means a direction around the gear axis of the speed reduction mechanism unit 2. means.

本発明の第1の実施形態の電動工具は、図4に示されるように、電動工具の胴部を成す筒状のハウジング10と、このハウジング10から周方向に延出するハンドル11とで外郭が形成されている。このハウジング10には、先端工具を駆動するための動力源であるモータ13と、このモータ13の回転動力を減速したうえで先端工具に伝達する減速機構部2とを収容している。なお、図4中の符号12は、モータ13に電力を供給する電池パックを示し、符号14は、モータ13への電力供給を制御するトリガスイッチを示す。   As shown in FIG. 4, the power tool according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a cylindrical housing 10 that forms a body portion of the power tool, and a handle 11 that extends from the housing 10 in the circumferential direction. Is formed. The housing 10 accommodates a motor 13 that is a power source for driving the tip tool and a speed reduction mechanism 2 that decelerates the rotational power of the motor 13 and transmits it to the tip tool. 4 indicates a battery pack that supplies electric power to the motor 13, and reference numeral 14 indicates a trigger switch that controls electric power supply to the motor 13.

減速機構部2は、図2に示されるように、減速機ケース4に複数段(本実施形態では三段)の遊星ギア列21を収容したものである。一段目の遊星ギア列21は、入力側(図2中の左側)に位置しモータ13により回転駆動されるサンギア22と、このサンギア22の周囲に配置される複数のプラネットギア23と、このプラネットギア23を回転自在に支持するキャリア24と、プラネットギア23の外周に位置するリングギア25とを備えている。このキャリア24は、外周に径外方向に突出する歯部を有しており、その回転中央に、二段目の遊星ギア列21のサンギアとなる中央ギア部26を有している。この中央ギア部26の周囲には、二段目の遊星ギア列21のプラネットギア27が配置される。   As shown in FIG. 2, the speed reduction mechanism unit 2 includes a planetary gear train 21 having a plurality of stages (three stages in the present embodiment) accommodated in the speed reducer case 4. The first-stage planetary gear train 21 is located on the input side (left side in FIG. 2) and is driven by a motor 13 to rotate, a plurality of planet gears 23 arranged around the sun gear 22, and the planet A carrier 24 that rotatably supports the gear 23 and a ring gear 25 positioned on the outer periphery of the planet gear 23 are provided. The carrier 24 has a tooth portion projecting radially outward on the outer periphery, and has a central gear portion 26 serving as a sun gear of the second stage planetary gear train 21 at the center of rotation. A planet gear 27 of the second planetary gear train 21 is disposed around the central gear portion 26.

この二段目のプラネットギア27は、二段目のキャリア28に回転自在に軸支されている。二段目のキャリア28は、出力側(図2中の右側)の中央に、三段目のサンギアとなる中央ギア部29を有しており、この中央ギア部29の周囲に、三段目のプラネットギア30が配置されている。このプラネットギア30は、三段目のキャリア38に回転自在に軸支されており、その外側に配設された三段目のリングギア33との間で噛み合いを生じるようになっている。この三段目のリングギア33は、減速機ケース4に固設されている。三段目のキャリア38は、三段目のプラネットギア30の公転にともない回転するようになっており、その中心から突出される出力軸(図示せず)を介して回転動力を先端工具側へと伝達する。   The second-stage planet gear 27 is rotatably supported by the second-stage carrier 28. The second-stage carrier 28 has a central gear portion 29 serving as a third-stage sun gear at the center of the output side (the right side in FIG. 2). The planet gear 30 is arranged. The planet gear 30 is rotatably supported by a third-stage carrier 38, and meshes with the third-stage ring gear 33 disposed on the outside thereof. The third stage ring gear 33 is fixed to the reduction gear case 4. The third-stage carrier 38 rotates with the revolution of the third-stage planet gear 30, and rotational power is transferred to the tip tool side via an output shaft (not shown) protruding from the center thereof. Communicate.

一段目の遊星ギア列21は、一段目のプラネットギア23の周囲に設けられたリングギア25を有する。この一段目のリングギア25は、減速機ケース4に固設されており、回転しないようになっている。二段目の遊星ギア列21は、二段目のプラネットギア27の周囲に、軸方向に沿ってスライド移動自在なリングギア31を有している。この二段目のリングギア31は、その内周に径内方向に突出する歯部320を有すると共に、出力側の端部の外周面に、径方向に凹没する歯部321を有している。   The first-stage planetary gear train 21 has a ring gear 25 provided around the first-stage planet gear 23. The first stage ring gear 25 is fixed to the speed reducer case 4 so as not to rotate. The second stage planetary gear train 21 has a ring gear 31 that is slidable in the axial direction around the second stage planet gear 27. The second stage ring gear 31 has a tooth portion 320 protruding radially inward on the inner periphery thereof, and a tooth portion 321 recessed in the radial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the output side end portion. Yes.

この二段目のリングギア31は、一段目のキャリア24の歯部及び二段目のプラネットギア27の歯部に対して噛み合う位置(図2(a)の位置)から、二段目のプラネットギア27の歯部及び減速機ケース4から径内方向へ突設された固定歯部41に対して噛み合う位置(図2(c)の位置)の範囲で、軸方向にスライド移動する。本実施形態の電動工具では、二段目のリングギア31が、一段目のキャリア24及び二段目のプラネットギア27に噛合する図2(a)の位置にあるときに、二段目の遊星ギア列21が非減速モードとなる。また、二段目のリングギア31が、二段目のプラネットギア27及び固定歯部41に対して噛合する図2(c)の位置にあるときに、二段目の遊星ギア列21が減速モードとなる。   The second-stage ring gear 31 is moved from the position (position shown in FIG. 2 (a)) that meshes with the teeth of the first-stage carrier 24 and the teeth of the second-stage planet gear 27. It slides and moves in the axial direction within a range of a position (position of FIG. 2 (c)) that meshes with the tooth portion of the gear 27 and the fixed tooth portion 41 protruding inward from the reduction gear case 4. In the electric tool of the present embodiment, when the second stage ring gear 31 is at the position shown in FIG. 2A where the second stage ring gear 31 meshes with the first stage carrier 24 and the second stage planet gear 27, the second stage planetary gear. The gear train 21 enters the non-deceleration mode. Further, when the second stage ring gear 31 is in the position shown in FIG. 2C where it meshes with the second stage planet gear 27 and the fixed tooth portion 41, the second stage planetary gear train 21 decelerates. It becomes a mode.

つまり、本実施形態の電動工具では、この二段目のリングギア31が、減速比を切り替えるための可動部材32を構成している。   That is, in the electric power tool of this embodiment, the second stage ring gear 31 constitutes a movable member 32 for switching the reduction ratio.

一段目の複数のプラネットギア23は、図2に示されるように、サンギア22と、一段目のリングギア25との間で噛み合いを生じる。二段目の複数のプラネットギア27は、一段目のキャリア24の中央ギア部26と、二段目のリングギア31との間で噛み合いを生じる。三段目の複数のプラネットギア30は、二段目のキャリア28の中央ギア部26と、三段目のリングギア33との間で噛み合いを生じる。   As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of first-stage planetary gears 23 mesh between the sun gear 22 and the first-stage ring gear 25. The plurality of second-stage planet gears 27 mesh between the central gear portion 26 of the first-stage carrier 24 and the second-stage ring gear 31. The plurality of third-stage planetary gears 30 mesh between the central gear portion 26 of the second-stage carrier 28 and the third-stage ring gear 33.

可動部材32である二段目のリングギア31には、径外方向に突出するようにピン状の支持部材34を連結させている。この支持部材34を軸方向に沿って移動させることで、可動部材32は軸方向にスライド移動する。二段目のリングギア31の外周面には、軸回りの円を描くように環状の凹溝35を形成しており、この凹溝35内に支持部材34の先端部を嵌入させている。これにより、リングギア31は、軸回りに回転しながらであっても支持部材34に追従して軸方向にスライド移動される。支持部材34は、減速機ケース4を内外に貫通するようにして配置される。   A pin-shaped support member 34 is connected to the second-stage ring gear 31 that is the movable member 32 so as to protrude outward in the radial direction. The movable member 32 slides in the axial direction by moving the support member 34 along the axial direction. An annular groove 35 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second-stage ring gear 31 so as to draw a circle around the axis, and the tip of the support member 34 is fitted into the groove 35. As a result, the ring gear 31 slides in the axial direction following the support member 34 while rotating around the axis. The support member 34 is disposed so as to penetrate the reduction gear case 4 in and out.

減速機ケース4は円筒形状を有しており、その内部に、上記した複数段の遊星ギア列21を収容する。減速機ケース4には、支持部材34の配置箇所と対応する位置に、内外を貫通するスライド溝42を形成している。スライド溝42は、軸方向に沿った一直線状の外形を有する長孔となっている。支持部材34は、スライド溝42を挿通したうえで減速機ケース4の外方に突出している。   The speed reducer case 4 has a cylindrical shape, and houses the above-described plurality of planetary gear trains 21 therein. In the speed reducer case 4, a slide groove 42 penetrating inside and outside is formed at a position corresponding to the place where the support member 34 is arranged. The slide groove 42 is a long hole having a straight outer shape along the axial direction. The support member 34 protrudes outward from the speed reducer case 4 after passing through the slide groove 42.

本実施形態の電動工具では、減速機ケース4の外周に、軸回り方向に回動自在な操作部材5を備えている(図1等参照)。この操作部材5は、軸回りの円弧状に屈曲させた形状の板部材であり、軸方向に対して傾斜した方向(側面視において軸方向に対して約45°傾斜した方向)に沿って、作動溝51が穿設されている。操作部材5は、この作動溝51が、減速機ケース4のスライド溝42と一部が重なるようにして装着される。ピン状の支持部材34は、スライド溝42と作動溝51とが重なる部分に挿通される。この支持部材34は、スライド溝42と作動溝51の両者を径方向に貫通する。   In the electric tool of the present embodiment, an operation member 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the speed reducer case 4 so as to be rotatable in the direction around the axis (see FIG. 1 and the like). The operation member 5 is a plate member having a shape bent in an arc around the axis, along a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction (a direction inclined about 45 ° with respect to the axial direction in a side view), An operating groove 51 is formed. The operating member 5 is mounted such that the operating groove 51 partially overlaps the slide groove 42 of the speed reducer case 4. The pin-shaped support member 34 is inserted through a portion where the slide groove 42 and the operation groove 51 overlap. The support member 34 penetrates both the slide groove 42 and the operation groove 51 in the radial direction.

この操作部材5を減速機ケース4に沿って軸回り方向に回転させると、作動溝51の側縁部が支持部材34を軸方向に押圧し、該支持部材34をスライド溝42に沿って(すなわち軸方向に)移動させる。支持部材34が作動溝51の長手方向の一端部に位置しているとき(図2(a)参照)、二段目のリングギア31は、一段目のキャリア24及び二段目のプラネットギア27に噛合する状態となる。また、支持部材34が作動溝51の長手方向の他端部に位置しているとき(図2(c)参照)、二段目のリングギア31は、二段目のプラネットギア27及び減速機ケース4の固定歯部41に噛合する状態となる。   When the operating member 5 is rotated in the axial direction along the speed reducer case 4, the side edge portion of the operating groove 51 presses the support member 34 in the axial direction, and the support member 34 is moved along the slide groove 42 ( That is, it is moved in the axial direction). When the support member 34 is located at one end in the longitudinal direction of the operating groove 51 (see FIG. 2A), the second-stage ring gear 31 is connected to the first-stage carrier 24 and the second-stage planet gear 27. Will be engaged. When the support member 34 is positioned at the other end in the longitudinal direction of the operating groove 51 (see FIG. 2C), the second-stage ring gear 31 includes the second-stage planet gear 27 and the speed reducer. It will be in the state which meshes with the fixed tooth part 41 of case 4. FIG.

そして、本実施形態の電動工具では、操作部材5ひいては可動部材32に対して所定の付勢力を付与するための付勢手段6を備えている。この付勢手段6は、操作部材5を所定位置にまで移動させたときに、この操作部材5を介して、支持部材34及び可動部材32に対してそのスライド移動方向に向けて付勢力を付与する。具体的には、操作部材5を所定の位置まで回転移動させた場合において、可動部材32であるリングギア31の歯部と固定歯部41とが上手く噛み合わず、リングギア31がそれ以上移動不能となったときに、支持部材34及び可動部材32に対して付勢力を付与し続ける。また、操作部材5を上記とは逆方向に回転移動させた場合において、可動部材32であるリングギア31の歯部と一段目のキャリア24の歯部とが上手く噛み合わず、リングギア31がそれ以上移動不能となったときには、支持部材34及び可動部材32に対して上記とは逆方向の付勢力を付与し続ける。   The electric power tool according to the present embodiment includes the urging means 6 for applying a predetermined urging force to the operation member 5 and thus the movable member 32. When the operating member 5 is moved to a predetermined position, the biasing means 6 applies a biasing force to the support member 34 and the movable member 32 in the slide movement direction via the operating member 5. To do. Specifically, when the operation member 5 is rotated to a predetermined position, the tooth portion of the ring gear 31 that is the movable member 32 and the fixed tooth portion 41 do not mesh well, and the ring gear 31 cannot move any more. Then, the urging force is continuously applied to the support member 34 and the movable member 32. Further, when the operation member 5 is rotated in the opposite direction, the tooth portion of the ring gear 31 that is the movable member 32 and the tooth portion of the first-stage carrier 24 do not mesh well, and the ring gear 31 does not move. When it becomes impossible to move, the urging force in the direction opposite to the above is continuously applied to the support member 34 and the movable member 32.

本実施形態の付勢手段6は、図1や図3に示されるように、駆動部7によって一定範囲内で往復動される中間部材62と、中間部材62と操作部材5の間に介在される一対の弾性体61とから成る。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the biasing means 6 of the present embodiment is interposed between the intermediate member 62 reciprocated within a certain range by the drive unit 7, and between the intermediate member 62 and the operation member 5. And a pair of elastic bodies 61.

中間部材62は、操作部材5と同様に、軸回りの円弧状に屈曲させた形状の板部材であって、操作部材5よりも大きな曲率半径を有している。この中間部材62は、操作部材5の外周面を覆うような姿勢を保持しながら、操作部材5に対して周方向に移動自在となるように配置されている。操作部材5の外周面には、中間部材62が有する一対の周方向端面と対向する位置に、それぞれ突出部52を設けている。この突出部52と、中間部材62の周方向端面との間には、それぞれコイルバネから成る弾性体61を介在させており、これら弾性体61を通じて、中間部材62の回転が操作部材5にまで伝達される。弾性体61はある程度の硬度を有したものであり、中間部材62を挟んで周方向の両側に位置する一対の弾性体61によって、操作部材5は周方向に保持されている。   Similar to the operation member 5, the intermediate member 62 is a plate member that is bent in an arc around the axis, and has a larger radius of curvature than the operation member 5. The intermediate member 62 is disposed so as to be movable in the circumferential direction with respect to the operation member 5 while maintaining a posture that covers the outer peripheral surface of the operation member 5. On the outer peripheral surface of the operation member 5, protrusions 52 are provided at positions facing a pair of circumferential end surfaces of the intermediate member 62. An elastic body 61 made of a coil spring is interposed between the protrusion 52 and the circumferential end surface of the intermediate member 62, and the rotation of the intermediate member 62 is transmitted to the operation member 5 through the elastic body 61. Is done. The elastic body 61 has a certain degree of hardness, and the operation member 5 is held in the circumferential direction by a pair of elastic bodies 61 located on both sides in the circumferential direction with the intermediate member 62 interposed therebetween.

本実施形態の電動工具は、この中間部材62を軸回りに駆動させる駆動部7を備えている。この駆動部7は、正逆回転可能な小型モータから成り、中間部材62ひいては弾性体61を介して操作部材5を、減速機ケース4の外周に沿って一定の範囲内で往復動させる。つまり、この弾性体61は、駆動部7の駆動力を操作部材5にまで伝達するための部材であるとともに、操作部材5に対してその移動方向への付勢力を付与する部材でもある。   The electric power tool according to the present embodiment includes a drive unit 7 that drives the intermediate member 62 about its axis. The drive unit 7 is composed of a small motor capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions, and reciprocates the operation member 5 along the outer periphery of the speed reducer case 4 via the intermediate member 62 and the elastic body 61. That is, the elastic body 61 is a member for transmitting the driving force of the driving unit 7 to the operation member 5 and also a member for applying a biasing force in the moving direction to the operation member 5.

このような構成の電動工具は、減速比の異なる複数段の変速が可能となっており、その減速比の変更は、以下のようにして行なう。   The electric power tool having such a configuration is capable of a plurality of speeds with different reduction ratios, and the reduction ratio is changed as follows.

二段目の遊星ギア列21を非減速モードから減速モード切り替えるには、図1(a)、図3(a)の位置にある中間部材62及び操作部材5を、図1(c)、図3(c)の位置に向けて、駆動部7により回転移動させればよい。操作部材5を回転移動させると、操作部材5の作動溝51に押圧された支持部材34がスライド溝42に沿って軸方向に移動し、この支持部材34の移動に追従して二段目のリングギア31が移動する。   In order to switch the second-stage planetary gear train 21 from the non-deceleration mode to the deceleration mode, the intermediate member 62 and the operation member 5 at the positions shown in FIGS. What is necessary is just to rotate by the drive part 7 toward the position of 3 (c). When the operation member 5 is rotated and moved, the support member 34 pressed by the operation groove 51 of the operation member 5 moves in the axial direction along the slide groove 42, and follows the movement of the support member 34 in the second stage. The ring gear 31 moves.

このとき、二段目のリングギア31が固定歯部41と上手く噛み合わない場合(ロックされた場合)には、リングギア31や操作部材5がそれ以上は移動できなくなるが、中間部材62についてはそのまま駆動部7による回転駆動が継続される。それにより、中間部材62と操作部材5の間に介在される弾性体61に一定以上の負荷が働き、弾性変形を生じる。すると、弾性体61は自身の復元力によって操作部材5をその移動方向へと押圧し続け、支持部材34を介して、二段目のリングギア31を固定歯部41側に押圧し続ける。   At this time, when the second stage ring gear 31 does not mesh well with the fixed tooth portion 41 (when locked), the ring gear 31 and the operation member 5 cannot move any more. The rotation drive by the drive unit 7 is continued as it is. As a result, a load of a certain level or more is applied to the elastic body 61 interposed between the intermediate member 62 and the operation member 5 to cause elastic deformation. Then, the elastic body 61 continues to press the operating member 5 in its moving direction by its restoring force, and continues to press the second-stage ring gear 31 toward the fixed tooth portion 41 via the support member 34.

このとき駆動源であるモータ13が駆動すると、二段目のリングギア31は、弾性体61に起因する軸方向の付勢力を受けながら回転する。すると、二段目のリングギア31と固定歯部41の位置が周方向にずれて上手く噛み合うようになり、二段目のリングギア31は、弾性体61からの付勢力によって切替位置にまで押し込まれる。これにより、二段目のリングギア31は固定歯部41に噛み合って回転不能となり、二段目の遊星ギア列21が非減速モードから減速モードに切り替わる。   At this time, when the motor 13 as a drive source is driven, the second-stage ring gear 31 rotates while receiving an axial urging force caused by the elastic body 61. Then, the position of the second stage ring gear 31 and the fixed tooth portion 41 shifts in the circumferential direction and meshes well, and the second stage ring gear 31 is pushed to the switching position by the urging force from the elastic body 61. It is. As a result, the second-stage ring gear 31 meshes with the fixed tooth portion 41 to be unable to rotate, and the second-stage planetary gear train 21 is switched from the non-deceleration mode to the deceleration mode.

なお、減速モードから非減速モードへの切り替えは、上記と逆の操作を行なえばよい。この場合において、二段目のリングギア31の噛み合い対象の部材は一段目のキャリア24の歯部となり、上記説明とは可動部材32の押圧方向が反転したような状態となる。そして、可動部材32に対して付勢力を与える弾性体61も、上記説明において付勢力を与えていた弾性体61とは別の(中間部材62を挟んで逆側に配置した)弾性体61となる。   Note that switching from the deceleration mode to the non-deceleration mode may be performed by performing the reverse operation. In this case, the member to be engaged with the second-stage ring gear 31 is a tooth portion of the first-stage carrier 24, and the pressing direction of the movable member 32 is reversed from the above description. The elastic body 61 that applies the urging force to the movable member 32 is also different from the elastic body 61 that has been applied the urging force in the above description (arranged on the opposite side with the intermediate member 62 interposed). Become.

上述したように、本実施形態の付勢手段6は、可動部材32が切替位置に達する直前で移動不能となった場合に、可動部材32の移動方向(切替位置に向かう方向)に付勢力を与え続けるものであるから、不具合なく確実に減速比の切り替えを行なうことができる。一方、可動部材32が移動不能とならない場合には、付勢手段6を成す弾性体61に一定以上の負荷が働かないため、必要以上の付勢力は発生させない。さらにこの付勢手段6は、板状の中間部材62とこれを周方向に挟むように配置した一対の弾性体61で構成されたものであるから、シンプルな構造となっており、電動工具の大型化(胴部の大径化)を防ぐことができる。   As described above, the biasing means 6 of the present embodiment applies a biasing force in the moving direction of the movable member 32 (the direction toward the switching position) when the movable member 32 becomes immovable immediately before reaching the switching position. Since it is continuously given, the reduction gear ratio can be reliably switched without any trouble. On the other hand, when the movable member 32 does not become immovable, a load exceeding a certain level does not act on the elastic body 61 constituting the urging means 6, so that an excessive urging force is not generated. Further, the urging means 6 is composed of a plate-like intermediate member 62 and a pair of elastic bodies 61 arranged so as to sandwich the intermediate member 62 in the circumferential direction. Increase in size (increasing the diameter of the body) can be prevented.

次に、本発明の第2の実施形態の電動工具について、図5、図6に基づいて説明する。なお、以下において、第1の実施形態と同一の構成については詳しい説明を省略し、異なる構成についてのみ詳述する。   Next, the electric tool of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. 5, FIG. In the following, detailed description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be omitted, and only different configuration will be described in detail.

本実施形態の電動工具では、第1の実施形態のように、駆動部7が中間部材62や弾性体61を介して操作部材5を往復動させるのではなく、駆動部7が直接的に操作部材5と噛み合って往復動させるように設けている。一方、支持部材34をピン状の弾性体63によって構成し、この弾性体63を付勢手段6として利用している。弾性体63は、ある程度の硬度を有し、一定以上の負荷によって弾性変形を生じる。この支持部材34を構成する弾性体63は、操作部材5の軸回りの回転運動を可動部材32の軸方向のスライド運動に変換するための部分であるとともに、可動部材32に対してその移動方向(軸方向)への付勢力を付与する部分でもある。   In the electric power tool of the present embodiment, the drive unit 7 does not reciprocate the operation member 5 via the intermediate member 62 or the elastic body 61 as in the first embodiment, but the drive unit 7 operates directly. It is provided so as to mesh with the member 5 and reciprocate. On the other hand, the support member 34 is constituted by a pin-like elastic body 63, and this elastic body 63 is used as the urging means 6. The elastic body 63 has a certain degree of hardness, and is elastically deformed by a load exceeding a certain level. The elastic body 63 constituting the support member 34 is a part for converting the rotational movement around the axis of the operation member 5 into the sliding movement of the movable member 32 in the axial direction, and the moving direction with respect to the movable member 32. It is also a portion that applies a biasing force in the (axial direction).

このような構成の電動工具での減速比の変更は、以下のようにして行なう。   The change of the reduction ratio in the electric tool having such a configuration is performed as follows.

二段目の遊星ギア列21を非減速モードから減速モード切り替えるには、図5(a)、図6(a)の位置にある操作部材5を、図5(c)、図6(c)の位置に向けて、駆動部7により直接的に回転移動させる。操作部材5を周方向に回転移動させると、操作部材5の作動溝51の側縁に押圧された支持部材34がスライド溝42に沿って移動し、可動部材32である二段目のリングギア31を軸方向に移動させる。   In order to switch the second stage planetary gear train 21 from the non-deceleration mode to the deceleration mode, the operating member 5 at the position of FIGS. 5A and 6A is moved to FIGS. 5C and 6C. It is directly rotated and moved by the drive unit 7 toward the position. When the operation member 5 is rotated in the circumferential direction, the support member 34 pressed against the side edge of the operation groove 51 of the operation member 5 moves along the slide groove 42, and the second stage ring gear which is the movable member 32. 31 is moved in the axial direction.

このとき、二段目のリングギア31が固定歯部41と上手く噛み合わない場合(ロックされた場合)には、リングギア31がそれ以上は移動できなくなるが、操作部材5についてはそのまま駆動部7による回転駆動が継続される。それにより、支持部材34には一定以上の負荷がかかり、弾性変形を生じる(図6(b)参照)。すると、支持部材34は自身の復元力によって二段目のリングギア31を固定歯部41側に押圧し続ける。   At this time, when the second-stage ring gear 31 does not mesh well with the fixed tooth portion 41 (when locked), the ring gear 31 cannot move any more, but the operating member 5 remains as it is. The rotation drive by is continued. As a result, a load of a certain level or more is applied to the support member 34 and elastic deformation occurs (see FIG. 6B). Then, the support member 34 continues to press the second-stage ring gear 31 toward the fixed tooth portion 41 by its own restoring force.

このとき駆動源であるモータ13が駆動すると、二段目のリングギア31が固定歯部41に上手く噛み合うようになり、二段目の遊星ギア列21が非減速モードから減速モードに切り替わる。   When the motor 13 as a driving source is driven at this time, the second-stage ring gear 31 meshes well with the fixed tooth portion 41, and the second-stage planetary gear train 21 is switched from the non-deceleration mode to the deceleration mode.

減速モードから非減速モードへの切り替えは、上記と逆の操作を行う。この場合、可動部材32である二段目のリングギア31の噛み合い対象の部材は一段目のキャリア24の歯部となり、上手く噛み合わずにロックされたときには、支持部材34が自身の復元力によって二段目のリングギア31を一段目のキャリア24側に押圧し続ける。   To switch from the deceleration mode to the non-deceleration mode, the reverse operation is performed. In this case, the engagement target member of the second-stage ring gear 31 that is the movable member 32 becomes the tooth portion of the first-stage carrier 24, and when the support member 34 is locked without being engaged well, the support member 34 is rotated by its own restoring force. The stage ring gear 31 is continuously pressed toward the first stage carrier 24.

上述したように、本実施形態の付勢手段6は、ピン状の支持部材34を構成する弾性体63の復元力を利用したものであるから、シンプルな構造となり、電動工具の大型化を防ぐことができる。また、可動部材32が移動不能とならない場合には、支持部材34を構成する弾性体63に一定以上の負荷が働かないため、必要以上の付勢力を発生させることもない。なお、支持部材34は、少なくとも一部が弾性体63で構成されていればよい。   As described above, the biasing means 6 of the present embodiment uses the restoring force of the elastic body 63 constituting the pin-shaped support member 34, and thus has a simple structure and prevents the electric tool from becoming large. be able to. Further, when the movable member 32 does not become immovable, a load exceeding a certain level does not act on the elastic body 63 that constitutes the support member 34, so that an urging force more than necessary is not generated. Note that at least a part of the support member 34 may be formed of the elastic body 63.

次に、本発明の第3の実施形態の電動工具について、図7、図8に基づいて説明する。なお、以下において、第1、第2の実施形態と同一の構成については詳しい説明を省略し、異なる構成についてのみ詳述する。   Next, the electric tool of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. 7, FIG. In the following, detailed description of the same configurations as those of the first and second embodiments will be omitted, and only different configurations will be described in detail.

本実施形態の電動工具は、駆動部7が直接的に操作部材5を往復動させるように設け、付勢手段6として、支持部材34を構成する弾性体(後述の弾性体66)を利用している点において、第2の実施形態と同様である。しかし、本実施形態において、支持部材34は第2の実施形態のようなピン状の部材ではなく、減速機ケース4のスライド溝42と操作部材5の作動溝51が重なる部分に挿通される挿通部64と、挿通部64から延設されて可動部材32に連結されるアーム部65とから成る。そして、アーム部65の少なくとも一部が、付勢手段6を成す弾性体66となっている。   The electric power tool of the present embodiment is provided so that the drive unit 7 directly reciprocates the operation member 5, and an elastic body (an elastic body 66 described later) constituting the support member 34 is used as the urging means 6. This is the same as the second embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, the support member 34 is not a pin-shaped member as in the second embodiment, but is inserted through a portion where the slide groove 42 of the speed reducer case 4 and the operation groove 51 of the operation member 5 overlap. And an arm portion 65 that extends from the insertion portion 64 and is connected to the movable member 32. At least a part of the arm portion 65 is an elastic body 66 that constitutes the biasing means 6.

挿通部64は、減速機ケース4内にて二段目のリングギア31の外周部分に配置される基体部67と、基体部67から径外方向に突設されてスライド溝42と作動溝51の重合部分に挿通されるピン状の突起部68とから成る。アーム部65は、この基体部67から互いに逆方向に向けて一対延設されるものであり、ある程度の硬度を有する弾性体66を用いて、周方向に湾曲させて形成している。アーム部65の先端部は、二段目のリングギア31の外周面に形成した環状の凹溝35内に嵌入するように、さら大きく内側に湾曲させて設けている。   The insertion portion 64 is disposed in the outer peripheral portion of the second stage ring gear 31 in the reduction gear case 4, and protrudes radially outward from the base portion 67, so that the slide groove 42 and the operation groove 51 are provided. And a pin-like protrusion 68 inserted through the overlapping portion. A pair of arm portions 65 are extended from the base body portion 67 in opposite directions to each other, and are formed to be curved in the circumferential direction using an elastic body 66 having a certain degree of hardness. The distal end portion of the arm portion 65 is provided to be further curved inward so as to be fitted into an annular groove 35 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second stage ring gear 31.

このアーム部65を構成する弾性体66は、可動部材32を軸方向のスライド操作する部分であるとともに、可動部材32に対してその移動方向への付勢力を付与する部分ともなる。つまり、二段目のリングギア31を軸方向にスライド移動させたときに他部材と上手く噛み合わない場合には、リングギア31がそれ以上は移動できなくなる。一方、操作部材5やこれの作動溝51内に挿通される挿通部64については、そのまま継続的に駆動される。それにより、挿通部64と二段目のリングギア31とを繋ぐアーム部65には一定以上の負荷がかかり、弾性変形を生じる。すると、アーム部65は自身の復元力によって二段目のリングギア31を他部材側に押圧する。   The elastic body 66 that constitutes the arm portion 65 is a portion that slides the movable member 32 in the axial direction, and also a portion that applies a biasing force in the moving direction to the movable member 32. That is, when the second stage ring gear 31 is slid in the axial direction and does not mesh well with other members, the ring gear 31 cannot move any further. On the other hand, the operation member 5 and the insertion portion 64 inserted into the operation groove 51 thereof are continuously driven as they are. As a result, a certain load or more is applied to the arm portion 65 that connects the insertion portion 64 and the second-stage ring gear 31, and elastic deformation occurs. Then, the arm part 65 presses the second stage ring gear 31 to the other member side by its restoring force.

上述したように、本実施形態の支持部材34は、挿通部64とこれから延設される一対のアーム部65とから成り、各アーム部65を形成する弾性体66が付勢手段6を成すように設けている。そのため、専用の大きなスペースを設けずとも弾性体66の変形範囲を確保することができ、省スペースで大きな弾性力を得ることが可能となっている。また、可動部材32が移動不能とならない場合には、可動部材32を構成する弾性体66に一定以上の負荷が働かないため、必要以上の付勢力を発生させることもない。なお、アーム部65は、少なくとも一部が弾性体66で構成されていればよい。また、基体部67を介することなく、突起部68と両アーム部65が一体に形成されていてもよい。   As described above, the support member 34 of the present embodiment includes the insertion portion 64 and the pair of arm portions 65 extending from the insertion portion 64, and the elastic body 66 forming each arm portion 65 forms the biasing means 6. Provided. Therefore, the deformation range of the elastic body 66 can be secured without providing a dedicated large space, and a large elastic force can be obtained in a small space. Further, when the movable member 32 does not become immovable, a load exceeding a certain level does not act on the elastic body 66 constituting the movable member 32, so that an urging force more than necessary is not generated. In addition, the arm part 65 should just be comprised by the elastic body 66 at least partially. Further, the projecting portion 68 and the both arm portions 65 may be integrally formed without using the base portion 67.

次に、本発明の第4の実施形態の電動工具について、図9に基づいて説明する。なお、本実施形態の電動工具は、第2の実施形態の電動工具と比較して、付勢手段6を成す支持部材34の構成のみが相違する。したがって、以下においては、支持部材34の構成についてのみ述べる。   Next, a power tool according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the electric power tool of the present embodiment differs from the electric power tool of the second embodiment only in the configuration of the support member 34 that constitutes the biasing means 6. Accordingly, only the configuration of the support member 34 will be described below.

本実施形態の電動工具では、付勢手段6を成す支持部材34を、渦巻状の弾性体69を用いて構成している。弾性体69は、ある程度の硬度を有するとともに、一定以上の負荷により弾性変形を生じる。この弾性体69において、渦の一端部と他端部からは、互いに逆方向に向けてピン状の突出部341を延設している。一対の突出部341は共に、弾性体69が渦を巻く面に対して略直交な方向にむけて延設している。   In the electric power tool of the present embodiment, the support member 34 constituting the urging means 6 is configured using a spiral elastic body 69. The elastic body 69 has a certain degree of hardness and undergoes elastic deformation due to a load exceeding a certain level. In this elastic body 69, a pin-shaped protrusion 341 extends in the opposite direction from one end and the other end of the vortex. Both of the pair of projecting portions 341 extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the surface on which the elastic body 69 vortexes.

この渦巻き状の弾性体69から成る支持部材34は、減速機構部2の軸方向と平行な平面上にて渦を巻くような姿勢で、減速機ケース4と操作部材5の間に配置され、一端部側の突出部341がスライド溝42に挿通され、他端部側の突出部341が作動溝51に挿通される。   The support member 34 made of the spiral elastic body 69 is disposed between the speed reducer case 4 and the operation member 5 in such a posture as to wind a vortex on a plane parallel to the axial direction of the speed reduction mechanism portion 2. The protrusion 341 on one end side is inserted into the slide groove 42, and the protrusion 341 on the other end side is inserted into the operation groove 51.

本実施形態の付勢手段6は、支持部材34を構成する渦巻状の弾性体69が軸方向に沿って弾性変形することを利用しているので、専用の大きなスペースを設けずとも弾性体69の変形範囲を確保することができ、省スペースで大きな弾性力を得ることができる。また、可動部材32が移動不能とならない場合には、支持部材34を構成する弾性体69に一定以上の負荷が働かないため、必要以上の付勢力を発生させることもない。なお、支持部材34は、少なくとも一部が渦巻状の弾性体69で構成されていればよい。   The urging means 6 of the present embodiment utilizes the fact that the spiral elastic body 69 constituting the support member 34 is elastically deformed along the axial direction, so that the elastic body 69 is provided without providing a large dedicated space. The deformation range can be ensured, and a large elastic force can be obtained in a space-saving manner. Further, when the movable member 32 does not become immovable, a load exceeding a certain level does not act on the elastic body 69 that constitutes the support member 34, so that an urging force more than necessary is not generated. The support member 34 only needs to be formed of a spiral elastic body 69 at least partially.

以上説明したように、第1〜第4の実施形態の電動工具は、駆動源となるモータ13と、モータ13の回転動力を伝達する減速機構部2とを備える。減速機構部2は、遊星ギア列21と、遊星ギア列21の軸方向にスライド自在であって該遊星ギア列21に対し係合又は離脱する可動部材32と、遊星ギア列21及び可動部材32を収容する減速機ケース4とを有し、可動部材32のスライド移動によって複数段の変速が行われる。さらに、第1〜第4の実施形態の電動工具は、減速機ケース4の内外を貫通し且つ軸方向に沿って設けられたスライド溝42と、軸方向に対して傾斜した方向に沿って貫設された作動溝51をスライド溝42の一部と重なる位置に有し且つ減速機ケース4の外周に配された操作部材5と、スライド溝42と作動溝51が重なる部分に挿通され且つ可動部材32に連結される支持部材34と、操作部材5を移動させる駆動部7と、駆動部7が操作部材5を所定位置にまで移動させて可動部材32をスライド移動させたとき、可動部材32に対して、スライド移動方向への付勢力を付与する付勢手段6とを備えている。   As described above, the electric tools of the first to fourth embodiments include the motor 13 serving as a drive source and the speed reduction mechanism unit 2 that transmits the rotational power of the motor 13. The speed reduction mechanism unit 2 includes a planetary gear train 21, a movable member 32 that is slidable in the axial direction of the planetary gear train 21, and engages or disengages from the planetary gear train 21, and the planetary gear train 21 and the movable member 32. And a speed reducer case 4 that accommodates the plurality of gears, and a plurality of speed changes are performed by the sliding movement of the movable member 32. Furthermore, the electric power tool according to the first to fourth embodiments penetrates along a direction that is inclined with respect to the axial direction, and a slide groove 42 that passes through the inside and outside of the speed reducer case 4 and that is provided along the axial direction. The operating groove 51 provided is positioned so as to overlap with a part of the slide groove 42 and is inserted into the operation member 5 disposed on the outer periphery of the speed reducer case 4 and the portion where the slide groove 42 and the operation groove 51 overlap and is movable. The support member 34 connected to the member 32, the drive unit 7 for moving the operation member 5, and the drive unit 7 slides the movable member 32 by moving the operation member 5 to a predetermined position and moving the movable member 32. On the other hand, an urging means 6 for applying an urging force in the slide movement direction is provided.

そして、第1の実施形態の電動工具において、付勢手段6は、操作部材5に対してその移動方向への付勢力を付与する弾性体61から成る。この弾性体61から成る付勢手段6は、可動部材32が切替位置に達する直前で移動不能となったとき、付勢力を及ぼすものである。そのため、減速比の切り替え時に操作部材5が他部材と上手く噛み合わず、それ以上は移動しなくなったときには、この弾性体61が操作部材5に付勢力を付与し続け、支持部材34を介して、可動部材32を他部材側に押し付ける。したがって、可動部材32が他部材に対して位置をずらしたタイミングで、可動部材32と他部材を付勢力により上手く噛み合わせることができ、結果として円滑に減速比を変更することができる。   In the electric power tool of the first embodiment, the urging means 6 includes an elastic body 61 that applies an urging force in the moving direction to the operation member 5. The urging means 6 composed of the elastic body 61 applies an urging force when the movable member 32 becomes immovable immediately before reaching the switching position. Therefore, when the operating member 5 does not mesh well with other members when switching the reduction ratio, and no longer moves, the elastic body 61 continues to apply a biasing force to the operating member 5, via the support member 34. The movable member 32 is pressed against the other member side. Therefore, at a timing when the movable member 32 is displaced with respect to the other member, the movable member 32 and the other member can be meshed well by the urging force, and as a result, the speed reduction ratio can be changed smoothly.

更に言えば、第1の実施形態の電動工具において、付勢手段6は、駆動部7により駆動される中間部材62と、中間部材62と操作部材5の間に介在される弾性体61とから成る。そのため、操作部材5に対してその移動方向への付勢力を付与するための構造を、シンプルに構成することができ、電動工具の大型化を防ぐことができる。   Furthermore, in the electric power tool of the first embodiment, the urging means 6 includes an intermediate member 62 driven by the drive unit 7 and an elastic body 61 interposed between the intermediate member 62 and the operation member 5. Become. Therefore, the structure for applying the urging force in the moving direction to the operation member 5 can be simply configured, and the power tool can be prevented from being enlarged.

また、第2の実施形態の電動工具において、付勢手段6は、支持部材34の少なくとも一部を構成する弾性体63から成る。この弾性体63から成る付勢手段6は、可動部材32が切替位置に達する直前で移動不能となったとき、付勢力を及ぼすものである。そのため、減速比の切り替え時に操作部材5が他部材と上手く噛み合わず、それ以上は移動しなくなったときには、この支持部材34を構成する弾性体63が可動部材32に対して付勢力を付与し続け、他部材側に押し付ける。したがって、可動部材32が他部材に対して位置をずらしたタイミングで、可動部材32と他部材を付勢力で上手く噛み合わせることができ、結果として円滑に減速比を変更することができる。また、可動部材32に付勢力を付与するための構造として、特別な部材を別途備える必要がないので、部品点数の削減を図ることができる。   In the electric power tool according to the second embodiment, the urging means 6 includes an elastic body 63 that constitutes at least a part of the support member 34. The urging means 6 comprising the elastic body 63 exerts an urging force when the movable member 32 becomes immovable immediately before reaching the switching position. For this reason, when the operating member 5 does not mesh well with other members when the reduction ratio is switched and does not move any more, the elastic body 63 constituting the support member 34 continues to apply a biasing force to the movable member 32. Press against the other member side. Therefore, at a timing when the movable member 32 is displaced with respect to the other member, the movable member 32 and the other member can be properly meshed with each other by the urging force, and as a result, the speed reduction ratio can be changed smoothly. Moreover, since it is not necessary to separately provide a special member as a structure for applying a biasing force to the movable member 32, the number of parts can be reduced.

また、第3の実施形態の電動工具において、支持部材34は、スライド溝42と作動溝51が重なる部分に挿通される挿通部64と、挿通部64から延設されて可動部材32に連結されるアーム部65とから成り、アーム部65の少なくとも一部が、付勢手段6を成す弾性体66となっている。そのため、省スペースで大きな弾性力を得ることが可能である。   Further, in the electric power tool of the third embodiment, the support member 34 is connected to the movable member 32 extending from the insertion portion 64 and the insertion portion 64 inserted into the portion where the slide groove 42 and the operation groove 51 overlap. And at least a part of the arm portion 65 is an elastic body 66 constituting the urging means 6. Therefore, a large elastic force can be obtained in a space-saving manner.

また、第4の実施形態の電動工具において、付勢手段6を成す弾性体69は、渦巻き形状を有する。そのため、この渦巻状の弾性体69によって、省スペースで大きな弾性力を得ることが可能である。   Further, in the electric power tool of the fourth embodiment, the elastic body 69 constituting the urging means 6 has a spiral shape. Therefore, a large elastic force can be obtained in a space-saving manner by the spiral elastic body 69.

ところで、変速用の可動部材32としては、実施形態のようなリングギア31に限定されない。例えば、減速機構部2の減速比を切り替えることのできる可動部材32として、遊星ギア列21を構成するリングギアに対して回転不能に且つ軸方向にスライド自在に係合するアウターリングを配置し、このアウターリングがスライド移動によって他部材に係合又は離脱することで、複数段の変速が行われるように構成してもよい。その他、軸方向のスライドで遊星ギア列21に対し係合又は離脱することで複数段の変速が行われるものであれば、可動部材32として多様な部材が採用可能である。   By the way, the movable member 32 for shifting is not limited to the ring gear 31 as in the embodiment. For example, as the movable member 32 that can switch the reduction ratio of the speed reduction mechanism unit 2, an outer ring that is non-rotatable and slidable in the axial direction with respect to the ring gear constituting the planetary gear train 21 is disposed, The outer ring may be configured to be engaged in or disengaged from other members by sliding movement so that a plurality of speed changes are performed. In addition, various members can be used as the movable member 32 as long as the shift of the plurality of stages is performed by engaging or disengaging the planetary gear train 21 with the slide in the axial direction.

2 減速機構部
21 遊星ギア列
32 可動部材
34 支持部材
4 減速機ケース
42 スライド溝
5 操作部材
51 作動溝
6 付勢手段
61 弾性体
62 中間部材
63 弾性体
64 挿通部
65 アーム部
66 弾性体
69 弾性体
7 駆動部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Deceleration mechanism part 21 Planetary gear train 32 Movable member 34 Support member 4 Reduction gear case 42 Slide groove 5 Operation member 51 Actuation groove 6 Energizing means 61 Elastic body 62 Intermediate member 63 Elastic body 64 Insertion part 65 Arm part 66 Elastic body 69 Elastic body 7 Drive unit

Claims (3)

駆動源となるモータと、前記モータの回転動力を伝達する減速機構部とを備え、
前記減速機構部は、遊星ギア列と、前記遊星ギア列の軸方向にスライド自在であって該遊星ギア列に対し係合又は離脱する可動部材と、前記遊星ギア列及び前記可動部材を収容する減速機ケースとを有し、
前記可動部材のスライド移動によって複数段の変速が行われる電動工具において、
前記減速機ケースの内外を貫通し且つ前記軸方向に沿って設けられたスライド溝と、
前記軸方向に対して傾斜した方向に沿って貫設された作動溝を前記スライド溝の一部と重なる位置に有し且つ前記減速機ケースの外周に配された操作部材と、
前記スライド溝と前記作動溝が重なる部分に挿通され且つ前記可動部材に連結される支持部材と、
前記操作部材を移動させる駆動部と、
前記駆動部が前記操作部材を介して前記可動部材をスライド移動させたとき、前記可動部材に対して、前記スライド移動方向への付勢力を付与する付勢手段とを備え、
前記付勢手段は、前記駆動部により駆動される中間部材と、前記中間部材と前記操作部材の間に介在され、前記操作部材に対してその移動方向への付勢力を付与する弾性体から成り、
前記弾性体は、一定以上の負荷が働いた時点で弾性変形を生じる硬度を有し、
前記可動部材が切替位置に達する直前で移動不能となったときに、前記駆動部による前記中間部材の駆動を継続させ、前記弾性体に前記一定以上の負荷を働かせて弾性変形を生じさせることで、前記可動部材に対して前記付勢力を与え続けるように設けたことを特徴とする電動工具。
A motor as a drive source, and a speed reduction mechanism that transmits the rotational power of the motor,
The reduction mechanism unit houses a planetary gear train, a movable member that is slidable in the axial direction of the planetary gear train, and engages or disengages with the planetary gear train, and the planetary gear train and the movable member. A reducer case,
In an electric tool in which a plurality of speeds are changed by sliding movement of the movable member,
A slide groove penetrating the inside and outside of the speed reducer case and provided along the axial direction;
An operation member provided at a position overlapping with a part of the slide groove and having an operation groove penetrating along a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction, and disposed on an outer periphery of the reduction gear case;
A support member inserted through a portion where the slide groove and the operation groove overlap and connected to the movable member;
A drive unit for moving the operation member;
An urging means for applying an urging force in the sliding movement direction to the movable member when the drive unit slides the movable member via the operation member;
The biasing means includes an intermediate member driven by the drive unit , and an elastic body that is interposed between the intermediate member and the operation member and applies a biasing force in the moving direction to the operation member. growth is,
The elastic body has a hardness that causes elastic deformation when a load of a certain level or more is applied,
When the movable member becomes immovable immediately before reaching the switching position, the drive of the intermediate member by the drive unit is continued, and the elastic body is subjected to elastic load by applying the load above a certain level. An electric tool provided to continuously apply the urging force to the movable member .
駆動源となるモータと、前記モータの回転動力を伝達する減速機構部とを備え、A motor as a drive source, and a speed reduction mechanism that transmits the rotational power of the motor,
前記減速機構部は、遊星ギア列と、前記遊星ギア列の軸方向にスライド自在であって該遊星ギア列に対し係合又は離脱する可動部材と、前記遊星ギア列及び前記可動部材を収容する減速機ケースとを有し、The reduction mechanism unit houses a planetary gear train, a movable member that is slidable in the axial direction of the planetary gear train, and engages or disengages with the planetary gear train, and the planetary gear train and the movable member. A reducer case,
前記可動部材のスライド移動によって複数段の変速が行われる電動工具において、In an electric tool in which a plurality of speeds are changed by sliding movement of the movable member,
前記減速機ケースの内外を貫通し且つ前記軸方向に沿って設けられたスライド溝と、A slide groove penetrating the inside and outside of the speed reducer case and provided along the axial direction;
前記軸方向に対して傾斜した方向に沿って貫設された作動溝を前記スライド溝の一部と重なる位置に有し且つ前記減速機ケースの外周に配された操作部材と、An operation member provided at a position overlapping with a part of the slide groove and having an operation groove penetrating along a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction, and disposed on an outer periphery of the reduction gear case;
前記スライド溝と前記作動溝が重なる部分に挿通され且つ前記可動部材に連結される支持部材と、A support member inserted through a portion where the slide groove and the operation groove overlap and connected to the movable member;
前記操作部材を移動させる駆動部と、A drive unit for moving the operation member;
前記駆動部が前記操作部材を介して前記可動部材をスライド移動させたとき、前記可動部材に対して、前記スライド移動方向への付勢力を付与する弾性体とを備え、An elastic body that applies a biasing force in the sliding movement direction to the movable member when the drive unit slides the movable member via the operation member;
前記支持部材は、前記スライド溝と前記作動溝が重なる部分に挿通される挿通部と、前記挿通部から延設されて前記可動部材に連結されるアーム部とから成り、The support member includes an insertion portion that is inserted through a portion where the slide groove and the operation groove overlap, and an arm portion that extends from the insertion portion and is connected to the movable member.
前記アーム部の少なくとも一部が、前記弾性体であり、At least a part of the arm portion is the elastic body,
前記弾性体は、一定以上の負荷が働いた時点で弾性変形を生じる硬度を有し、The elastic body has a hardness that causes elastic deformation when a load of a certain level or more is applied,
前記可動部材が切替位置に達する直前で移動不能となったときに、前記駆動部による前記操作部材の駆動を継続させ、前記弾性体に前記一定以上の負荷を働かせて弾性変形を生じさせることで、前記可動部材に対して前記付勢力を与え続けるように設けたことを特徴とする電動工具。When the movable member becomes immovable immediately before reaching the switching position, the driving member continues to drive the operating member, and the elastic body is subjected to the load of a certain level to cause elastic deformation. An electric tool provided to continuously apply the urging force to the movable member.
前記弾性体は、渦巻き形状を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電動工具。The electric tool according to claim 2, wherein the elastic body has a spiral shape.
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