JP5683266B2 - 炭化水素流の冷却方法及び装置 - Google Patents
炭化水素流の冷却方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 232
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 84
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 84
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 210
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 H 2 O Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0057—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream after expansion of the liquid refrigerant stream with extraction of work
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0295—Shifting of the compression load between different cooling stages within a refrigerant cycle or within a cascade refrigeration system
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
(a)第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流を供給する工程と;
(b)前記混合冷媒流を1以上の熱交換器に通して冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(c)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視する工程と;
(d)第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流を供給する工程と;
(e)工程(d)において供給された前記冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する工程と;
(f)前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させ1以上の膨張した冷却流を得る工程と;
(g)前記1以上の膨張した冷却流のうち少なくとも1つを工程(b)の前記熱交換器の1つ以上に通して前記混合冷媒流を冷却することによって前記冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(h)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御する工程と;
(i)前記冷却された混合冷媒流を用いて炭化水素流を冷却する工程と、
を少なくとも含む天然ガス流などの炭化水素流を冷却する方法を提供する。
第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する流量監視装置と;
前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させて1以上の膨張した冷却流を得るための1以上の膨張器と;
第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流を受け入れて前記1以上の膨張した冷却流のうちの少なくとも1つによって冷却することで冷却された混合冷媒流を得るための1以上の熱交換器と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視するための温度監視装置及び流量監視装置と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の前記少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)の測定値を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御するコントローラと;
前記1以上の前記熱交換器の下流に配置され、前記冷却された混合冷媒流と前記炭化水素流を受け入れて前記冷却された混合冷媒流により前記炭化水素流を冷却する少なくとも1つの主熱交換器と、
を少なくとも備えた天然ガス流などの炭化水素流を冷却するための装置を提供する。
(a)第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流を供給する工程と;
(b)前記混合冷媒流を1以上の熱交換器に通して冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(c)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視する工程と;
(d)第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流を供給する工程と;
(e)工程(d)で供給される前記冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する工程と;
(f)前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させて1以上の膨張した冷却流を得る工程と;
(g)前記1以上の膨張した冷却流の少なくとも1つを工程(b)の前記熱交換器の1つ以上に通して前記混合冷媒流を冷却することで前記冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(h)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御する工程と、
を少なくとも含む混合冷媒流の冷却方法であって、
天然ガス流などの炭化水素流もまた工程(b)の前記熱交換器の少なくとも1つに通して冷却し冷却された炭化水素流を生成する、前記混合冷媒流の冷却方法を提供する。
第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する流量監視装置と;
前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させることにより1以上の膨張した冷却流を得るための1以上の膨張器と;
第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流と天然ガス流などの炭化水素流を受け入れて前記1以上の膨張した冷却流の少なくとも1つにより冷却することで冷却された混合冷媒流を得るための1以上の熱交換器と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視するための温度監視装置及び流量監視装置と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)の測定値を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御するコントローラと、
を少なくとも備える混合冷媒流の冷却装置を提供する。
− 混合冷媒流を1以上の熱交換器に通して冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
− 冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視する工程と;
− 冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する工程と;
− 冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させて1以上の膨張した冷却流を得る工程と;
− 1以上の膨張した冷却流のうち少なくとも1つを熱交換器の1以上に通して混合冷媒流を冷却することにより冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
により行う。
冷却された混合冷媒流及び炭化水素流(予冷熱交換器を通過した場合には更に低温の炭化水素流であり得る)が通過して冷却された炭化水素流を得るための少なくとも1つの主熱交換器を含む第2の冷却段階と、
を要して炭化水素蒸気を冷却する方法及び装置において具体化できる。
(a)混合冷媒流を供給する工程と;
(b)混合冷媒流を熱交換器に通して冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(c)冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)と流量(F1)を監視する工程と;
(d)混合冷媒冷却流を供給してその少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する工程と;
(e)バルブ膨張器により冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させ、膨張した冷却流を得る工程と;
(f)膨張した冷却流を工程(b)の熱交換器の1つ以上に通して混合冷媒流を冷却する工程と;
(g)更に低温の混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の流量F1と温度T1を用いてバルブ膨張器を制御して冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量F2を制御する工程と;
を少なくとも含む上記方法をも本発明が提供することは当業者には明らかである。
冷却された混合冷媒流の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)についての測定値と冷却流の流量(F2)についての測定値とを受け取り、膨張器を制御するための1以上の入力及び出力、
を少なくとも備える上記膨張器コントローラをも本発明が提供することは当業者には明らかである。
12…熱交換器
14…バルブ
20…冷却された混合冷媒流
22…主熱交換器
24…予冷圧縮機
28…冷媒圧縮機
29…冷媒圧縮機
60…炭化水素流
70…冷却された炭化水素流
Claims (17)
- (a)第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流を供給する工程と;
(b)前記混合冷媒流を1以上の熱交換器に通して冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(c)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視する工程と;
(d)第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流を供給する工程と;
(e)工程(d)において供給された前記冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する工程と;
(f)前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させ1以上の膨張した冷却流を得る工程と;
(g)前記1以上の膨張した冷却流のうち少なくとも1つを工程(b)の前記熱交換器の1つ以上に通して前記混合冷媒流を冷却することによって前記冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(h)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御する工程と;
(i)前記冷却された混合冷媒流を用いて炭化水素流を冷却する工程と、
を少なくとも含む炭化水素流を冷却する方法。 - 工程(i)が、
(i1)前記冷却された混合冷媒流を少なくとも1つの主熱交換器に通す工程と;
(i2)前記炭化水素流を前記少なくとも1つの主熱交換器に通して前記冷却された混合冷媒流又は少なくともその一部によって冷却する工程と、
を含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記冷却流の少なくとも一部もまた工程(b)の熱交換器の1つ以上に通して工程(f)の前記膨張の前に1以上の更に低温の冷却流を得る、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を更に低温の冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量として監視する請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記炭化水素流もまた工程(i)の前に前記熱交換器の少なくとも1つに通す請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記冷却流の平均分子量が前記混合冷媒流の平均分子量より大きい請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 工程(i)の前に、前記冷却された混合冷媒流を気体/液体分離器で軽質流と重質流に分離する請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 工程(i)において前記冷却された混合冷媒流を用いて炭化水素流を冷却することが、前記炭化水素流を前記軽質流及び重質流と熱交換させることからなる請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記重質流が温度と流量が工程(c)で監視される前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部を規定し、前記流量(F1)が前記重質流の流量(F3)の形式で監視され、かつ前記温度(T1)が前記気体/液体分離器中を通過する前記冷却された混合冷媒流の温度(T1b)の形式で監視される、請求項7または8に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却された混合冷媒流の前記少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)の測定値と前記冷却流の流量(F2)の測定値をコントローラに送り工程(f)での膨張を制御する請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記炭化水素流が天然ガス流である請求項1〜10に記載の方法。
- 炭化水素流を前記少なくとも1つの主熱交換器に通す間に主熱交換器において炭化水素流を液化して液化炭化水素流を得る請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記炭化水素流が液化天然ガスである請求項12に記載の方法。
- 第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する流量監視装置と;
前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させて1以上の膨張した冷却流を得るための1以上の膨張器と;
第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流を受け入れて前記1以上の膨張した冷却流のうちの少なくとも1つによって冷却することで冷却された混合冷媒流を得るための1以上の熱交換器と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視するための温度監視装置及び流量監視装置と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の前記少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)の測定値を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御するコントローラと;
前記1以上の前記熱交換器の下流に配置され、前記冷却された混合冷媒流と前記炭化水素流を受け入れて前記冷却された混合冷媒流により前記炭化水素流を冷却する少なくとも1つの主熱交換器と、
を少なくとも備えた炭化水素流を冷却するための装置。 - (a)第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流を供給する工程と;
(b)前記混合冷媒流を1以上の熱交換器に通して冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(c)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視する工程と;
(d)第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流を供給する工程と;
(e)工程(d)で供給される前記冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する工程と;
(f)前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させて1以上の膨張した冷却流を得る工程と;
(g)前記1以上の膨張した冷却流の少なくとも1つを工程(b)の前記熱交換器の1つ以上に通して前記混合冷媒流を冷却することで前記冷却された混合冷媒流を得る工程と;
(h)前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御する工程と、
を少なくとも含む混合冷媒流の冷却方法であって、
炭化水素流もまた工程(b)の前記熱交換器の少なくとも1つに通して冷却し冷却された炭化水素流を生成する、前記混合冷媒流の冷却方法。 - 前記炭化水素流が天然ガスである請求項15に記載の方法。
- 第2の混合冷媒を含む冷却流の少なくとも一部の流量(F2)を監視する流量監視装置と;
前記冷却流の少なくとも一部分を膨張させることにより1以上の膨張した冷却流を得るための1以上の膨張器と;
第1の混合冷媒を含む混合冷媒流と炭化水素流を受け入れて前記1以上の膨張した冷却流の少なくとも1つにより冷却することで冷却された混合冷媒流を得るための1以上の熱交換器と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の温度(T1)及び流量(F1)を監視するための温度監視装置及び流量監視装置と;
前記冷却された混合冷媒流の少なくとも一部の流量(F1)及び温度(T1)の測定値
を用いて前記冷却流の流量(F2)を制御するコントローラと、
を少なくとも備える混合冷媒流の冷却装置。
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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