JP5673155B2 - Two-cycle engine and engine working machine equipped with the same - Google Patents

Two-cycle engine and engine working machine equipped with the same Download PDF

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JP5673155B2
JP5673155B2 JP2011019155A JP2011019155A JP5673155B2 JP 5673155 B2 JP5673155 B2 JP 5673155B2 JP 2011019155 A JP2011019155 A JP 2011019155A JP 2011019155 A JP2011019155 A JP 2011019155A JP 5673155 B2 JP5673155 B2 JP 5673155B2
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scavenging
opening
scavenging passage
control valve
passage
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JP2012159036A (en
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丹羽　顕司
顕司 丹羽
石田　茂敏
茂敏 石田
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Koki Holdings Co Ltd
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Hitachi Koki Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2011019155A priority Critical patent/JP5673155B2/en
Priority to US13/982,705 priority patent/US20130327307A1/en
Priority to CN2012800070501A priority patent/CN103380272A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2012/000566 priority patent/WO2012105216A1/en
Priority to EP12705170.4A priority patent/EP2670956B1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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Description

本発明は、２サイクルエンジン、特に刈払機やチェンソー等の携帯型のエンジン作業機に好適な２サイクルエンジンおよびそれを備えたエンジン作業機に関する。   The present invention relates to a two-cycle engine, particularly a two-cycle engine suitable for a portable engine working machine such as a brush cutter or a chain saw, and an engine working machine including the same.

エンジンの運転状態を制御する技術としては、例えば特許文献１に示すように、エンジンの回転数が所定回転数以上に上昇した場合に、インシュレータ外部に設けた駆動体によりインシュレータに組み付けた遮断体を変位させて混合気通路を遮断することでクランク室に流入する混合気量を調整し、エンジンの過回転の防止を行うガバナー装置を備えたものがある。   As a technique for controlling the operating state of the engine, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, when the engine speed increases to a predetermined speed or more, a blocking body assembled to the insulator by a driving body provided outside the insulator is used. Some have a governor device that adjusts the amount of air-fuel mixture flowing into the crank chamber by displacing the air-fuel mixture passage to prevent over-rotation of the engine.

特開平７−２５３０３３号公報JP-A-7-253033

ところで、特許文献１のガバナー装置は、インシュレータの外側に駆動体および遮断体を変位させる伝達機構を設けているので、部品点数が多くなり、構造が複雑化するうえ、装置が大型化してしまうという課題がある。   By the way, since the governor apparatus of patent document 1 has provided the transmission mechanism which displaces a drive body and a blocking body on the outer side of an insulator, the number of parts will increase, a structure will be complicated, and an apparatus will be enlarged. There are challenges.

本発明は、上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、簡単な構造でエンジンの運転状態を制御することを可能とし、過回転の防止や排出ガス特性を向上させることのできる２サイクルエンジンおよびそれを備えたエンジン作業機を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a two-cycle engine that can control the operating state of the engine with a simple structure, can prevent overspeed and improve exhaust gas characteristics, and the same It aims at providing the engine working machine provided with.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の第１の観点にかかる２サイクルエンジンは、
シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、
前記運転状態検出手段は、２サイクルエンジンの回転数を検出し、
前記制御手段は、前記運転状態検出手段により所定以上のエンジン回転数が検出された場合に、前記掃気通路を閉じる、
ことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a two-cycle engine according to a first aspect of the present invention includes:
An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state ,
The operating state detecting means detects the rotational speed of the two-cycle engine,
The control means closes the scavenging passage when an engine speed greater than or equal to a predetermined value is detected by the operating state detection means.
It is characterized by that.

さらに、前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口が開口する間、所定期間掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御してもよい。   Further, the control means may control the control valve to close the scavenging passage for a predetermined period while the scavenging opening is opened.

また、前記運転状態検出手段の検出結果に基づいて、前記掃気開口の開閉状態を判定する掃気開口状態判定手段をさらに有し、
前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口状態判定手段の判定結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御してもよい。 And scavenging opening state determining means for determining an open / closed state of the scavenging opening based on a detection result of the operating state detecting means,
The control unit may control the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on a determination result of the scavenging opening state determination unit.

さらに、前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口状態判定手段の判定結果に基づいて、前記掃気開口が開口する間、掃気開口が開いてから所定期間前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御してもよい。   Further, the control means may control the control valve so as to close the scavenging passage for a predetermined period after the scavenging opening is opened while the scavenging opening is open based on the determination result of the scavenging opening state determining means. Good.

また、前記制御手段は、前記所定期間をエンジン回転数に基づいて変化させてもよい。   The control means may change the predetermined period based on the engine speed.

さらに、前記制御弁は、非通電時に前記掃気通路を前記クランク室から前記掃気開口に向かう気流のみ流すとともに、通電時に前記掃気通路を閉じる、リード弁であってもよい。   Furthermore, the control valve may be a reed valve that allows only the air flow from the crank chamber to the scavenging opening through the scavenging passage when not energized and closes the scavenging passage when energized.

また、前記リード弁は磁性を有し、
通電時に前記リード弁を吸着して前記掃気通路を閉じる電磁石をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は前記電磁石の通電を制御してもよい。 The reed valve has magnetism,
An electromagnet that adsorbs the reed valve when energized and closes the scavenging passage;
The control means may control energization of the electromagnet.

さらに、前記リード弁は、開度を制限するストッパを備えてもよい。
本発明の第２の観点にかかる２サイクルエンジンは、
シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、
前記運転状態検出手段の検出結果に基づいて、前記掃気開口の開閉状態を判定する掃気開口状態判定手段をさらに有し、
前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口状態判定手段の判定結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する、
ことを特徴とする。
本発明の第３の観点にかかる２サイクルエンジンは、
シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、
前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口が開いている間の前半の所定期間、前記掃気通路を閉じ、当該所定期間後に前記掃気通路を開くように前記制御弁を制御する、
ことを特徴とする。
本発明の第４の観点にかかる２サイクルエンジンは、
シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、
前記制御弁は、非通電時に前記掃気通路を前記クランク室から前記掃気開口に向かう気流のみ流すとともに、通電時に前記掃気通路を閉じる、リード弁である、
ことを特徴とする。 Furthermore, the reed valve may include a stopper that limits the opening degree.
The two-cycle engine according to the second aspect of the present invention is
An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state,
Based on the detection result of the operating state detection means, further comprising a scavenging opening state determination means for determining an open / closed state of the scavenging opening,
The control means controls the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on a determination result of the scavenging opening state determination means;
It is characterized by that.
A two-cycle engine according to a third aspect of the present invention is:
An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state,
The control means controls the control valve to close the scavenging passage for a predetermined period in the first half while the scavenging opening is open, and to open the scavenging passage after the predetermined period.
It is characterized by that.
A two-cycle engine according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is
An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state,
The control valve is a reed valve that allows only the air flow from the crank chamber to the scavenging opening through the scavenging passage when not energized, and closes the scavenging passage when energized.
It is characterized by that.

本発明の第５の観点にかかるエンジン作業機は、
上述の２サイクルエンジンを備えることを特徴とする。 An engine work machine according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is:
The above-described two-cycle engine is provided.

本発明によれば、掃気通路に掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁を設け、制御弁は制御手段により運転状態の検出結果に基づいて掃気通路を閉じるので、簡単な構造でエンジンの運転状態を制御することを可能とし、過回転の防止や排出ガス特性を向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, the control valve for opening and closing the scavenging passage is provided in the scavenging passage, and the control valve closes the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state by the control means, so that the operation state of the engine can be controlled with a simple structure. It is possible to prevent over-rotation and improve exhaust gas characteristics.

本発明に係るエンジンを搭載した刈払機の側面図。The side view of the brush cutter which mounts the engine which concerns on this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係るエンジンを搭載した刈払機の一部を断面で示した前方視側面図。The front view side view which showed a part of brush cutter mounted with the engine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention in the cross section. 図２のエンジン部分の断面図。Sectional drawing of the engine part of FIG. 本発明に係る２サイクルエンジンの制御ブロック図。1 is a control block diagram of a two-cycle engine according to the present invention. クランク角に対する吸気開口、掃気開口、電磁石の状態を示す図。The figure which shows the state of the intake opening with respect to a crank angle, scavenging opening, and an electromagnet.

以下、本発明の第１実施形態を添付の図１乃至図５に沿って説明する。図１に示すように、携帯型の刈払機（エンジン作業機）１００１は、操作桿１００２の先端に回転刃１００３が取り付けられ、操作桿１００２の後端には小型の２サイクルエンジン（以下エンジン）１が取り付けられる。エンジン１の出力は、エンジン１の出力軸（図示せず）の回転数が所定回転数以上で動力の伝達を行う遠心クラッチ（図示せず）から、操作桿１００２内に挿通させたドライブシャフト（図示せず）を経て、回転刃１００３に伝達され、回転刃１００３は回転する。操作者は操作桿１００２に取付けられたループハンドルハンドル１００４と操作桿１００２を囲むように取付けられストップスイッチ２およびスロットルトリガ３が設けられたグリップ部１００５を把持して刈払機１００１を操作する。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, a portable brush cutter (engine working machine) 1001 has a rotary blade 1003 attached to the tip of an operating rod 1002, and a small two-cycle engine (hereinafter referred to as an engine) at the rear end of the operating rod 1002. 1 is attached. The output of the engine 1 is a drive shaft (not shown) that is inserted into the operating rod 1002 from a centrifugal clutch (not shown) that transmits power when the rotational speed of an output shaft (not shown) of the engine 1 is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotational speed. After being transmitted to the rotary blade 1003, the rotary blade 1003 rotates. The operator operates the brush cutter 1001 by gripping the loop handle 1004 attached to the operation rod 1002 and the grip portion 1005 provided so as to surround the operation rod 1002 and provided with the stop switch 2 and the throttle trigger 3.

図２に示すように、エンジンカバー４に収容されたエンジン１には、燃料タンク５から供給される燃料と空気を混合してエンジン１のシリンダブロック６内に形成されたシリンダボア（図示せず）に混合気を供給する気化器７と、エンジン１から排出される燃焼ガスを外部に排出するマフラ８と、クランク軸９に固定されたマグネトロータ１０と、シリンダブロック６に固定されたイグニッションコイル１１と、イグニッションコイル１１に接続された点火プラグ１２が取付けられる。   As shown in FIG. 2, the engine 1 housed in the engine cover 4 has a cylinder bore (not shown) formed in the cylinder block 6 of the engine 1 by mixing fuel and air supplied from the fuel tank 5. A carburetor 7 for supplying an air-fuel mixture, a muffler 8 for discharging combustion gas discharged from the engine 1 to the outside, a magnet rotor 10 fixed to the crankshaft 9, and an ignition coil 11 fixed to the cylinder block 6 Then, a spark plug 12 connected to the ignition coil 11 is attached.

図３に示すように、エンジン１のシリンダブロック６の内部には上下動するピストン１３を収容するシリンダボア１４が形成される。シリンダボア１４の内周壁には、気化器７に延びる吸気通路１５に接続する吸気開口１６と、マフラ（図示せず）に延びる排気通路１７に接続する排気開口１８が開口する。シリンダボア１４に収容されるピストン１６は、コンロッド１９を介して、クランクケース２０内のクランク室２１に回転可能に支持されるクランクウェイト２２が取付けられたクランク軸９に接続する。また、シリンダボア１４の内周壁には、一対の掃気開口２３（一方のみ図示）がシリンダボア１４を挟んで対向するように開口する。吸気開口１６、排気開口１８、および掃気開口２３はそれぞれ、上下動するピストン１３により開閉される。それぞれの掃気開口２３は、シリンダボア１４に沿ってクランク室２１に向かって延び、シリンダブロック６に形成されたシリンダブロック側掃気通路（掃気通路）２４に接続する。そして、シリンダブロック側掃気通路２４は、クランクケース２０に形成されたクランクケース側掃気通路（掃気通路）２５の一方の端部に接続する。クランクケース側掃気通路２５の他方の端部は、クランク室２１に開口するクランク室側掃気開口２６に接続する。クランクケース２０のシリンダブロック側掃気通路２４とクランクケース側掃気通路２５との接続部分には、磁性体材料を使用しシリンダブロック６側に弾性変形可能に一端が支持さられるリード弁（制御弁）２７と、リード弁２７の開度を規制するストッパ２８とが、リード弁２７の自由端を吸着する電磁石２９に、ねじ３０により取付けられる。電磁石２９にリード弁２７の自由端が吸着された状態では、リード弁２７はクランクケース側掃気通路２５を閉鎖する。   As shown in FIG. 3, a cylinder bore 14 that accommodates a piston 13 that moves up and down is formed inside the cylinder block 6 of the engine 1. An intake opening 16 connected to an intake passage 15 extending to the carburetor 7 and an exhaust opening 18 connected to an exhaust passage 17 extending to a muffler (not shown) are opened on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore 14. The piston 16 accommodated in the cylinder bore 14 is connected via a connecting rod 19 to a crankshaft 9 to which a crank weight 22 that is rotatably supported by a crank chamber 21 in a crankcase 20 is attached. In addition, a pair of scavenging openings 23 (only one is shown) opens on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore 14 so as to face each other with the cylinder bore 14 interposed therebetween. The intake opening 16, the exhaust opening 18, and the scavenging opening 23 are each opened and closed by a piston 13 that moves up and down. Each scavenging opening 23 extends toward the crank chamber 21 along the cylinder bore 14 and is connected to a cylinder block-side scavenging passage (scavenging passage) 24 formed in the cylinder block 6. The cylinder block-side scavenging passage 24 is connected to one end of a crankcase-side scavenging passage (scavenging passage) 25 formed in the crankcase 20. The other end of the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25 is connected to a crank chamber-side scavenging opening 26 that opens to the crank chamber 21. A reed valve (control valve) having one end supported on the cylinder block 6 side so as to be elastically deformable at a connecting portion of the crankcase side scavenging passage 24 and the crankcase side scavenging passage 25 of the crankcase 20. 27 and a stopper 28 that regulates the opening degree of the reed valve 27 are attached to an electromagnet 29 that attracts the free end of the reed valve 27 with a screw 30. When the free end of the reed valve 27 is attracted to the electromagnet 29, the reed valve 27 closes the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25.

図４に示すように、リード弁２７の吸着を行う電磁石２９は制御装置（制御手段）３１と接続され、制御装置３１は電磁石２９への通電を制御する。また、制御装置３１にはイグニッションコイル（運転状態検出手段）１１が接続され、イグニッションコイル１１は、マグネトロータ１０の回転時にマグネトロータ１０が所定位置になるとパルス信号を出力することによりエンジン回転数に対応した信号が入力される。さらに、ストップスイッチ２が接続されてストップスイッチ（運転状態検出手段）２の操作状態を示す信号が入力される。   As shown in FIG. 4, the electromagnet 29 that attracts the reed valve 27 is connected to a control device (control means) 31, and the control device 31 controls energization to the electromagnet 29. The control device 31 is connected with an ignition coil (operating state detecting means) 11. The ignition coil 11 outputs a pulse signal when the magnet rotor 10 reaches a predetermined position during rotation of the magnet rotor 10, thereby adjusting the engine speed. A corresponding signal is input. Further, the stop switch 2 is connected and a signal indicating the operation state of the stop switch (operation state detecting means) 2 is input.

制御装置３１は、イグニッションコイル１１から入力される信号によりエンジン１の回転数が、通常運転時の回転数を過度に越える、例えば１２，０００ｒｐｍ以上の第１の所定値以上の回転数が検出されると、電磁石２９に通電してリード弁２７を電磁石２９に吸着させる。その後、エンジン１の回転数が第１の所定値より低い、例えば８，０００ｒｐｍ以下の第２の所定値以下の回転数が検出されると、電磁石２９への通電を解除する。   The control device 31 detects the number of revolutions of the engine 1 exceeding the first predetermined value of 12,000 rpm or more, for example, by the signal input from the ignition coil 11 exceeding the number of revolutions of the engine 1 during normal operation. Then, the electromagnet 29 is energized and the reed valve 27 is attracted to the electromagnet 29. Thereafter, when the number of rotations of the engine 1 is lower than the first predetermined value, for example, the number of rotations equal to or less than the second predetermined value of 8,000 rpm or less, the energization to the electromagnet 29 is released.

また、エンジン１の回転数が、例えば８，０００ｒｐｍ以下の第２の所定値以下の回転数の場合、制御装置３１は、イグニッションコイル１１から入力される信号により、ピストン１３の位置（マグネトロータ１０の位置）とエンジン１の回転数を演算し、掃気開口２３の開閉タイミング（開閉状態）を判定する。なお、この場合、制御装置３１は掃気開口２３の開閉状態を判定する掃気開口状態判定手段を構成する。そして、制御装置３１は、図５に示すように、掃気開口２３が開いてから所定期間、つまり掃気開口２３が開いている期間の前半、電磁石２９に通電してリード弁２７を電磁石２９に吸着させる。なお、電磁石２９に通電する所定期間の長さは、図５に矢印Ａで示すように、エンジン１の回転数に応じて、例えば、エンジン回転数が低い場合は通電時間が長くなる右側に、エンジン回転数が高い場合は通電時間が短くなる左側に移動するようにしてもよい。また、制御装置３１には、スロットルトリガ３（図１参照）の動作を検出するスロットルスイッチ（図示せず）が接続され、制御装置３１はスロットルスイッチが操作されていない場合にエンジン１がアイドリング状態であると判定するようにしてもよい。そして、エンジン１がアイドリング状態であると判定された場合に、制御装置３１は、掃気開口２３が開いてから所定期間、電磁石２９に通電してリード弁２７を吸着する。また、制御装置３１は、掃気開口２３が開口する回数の２回に１回の割合で、掃気開口２３が開口する期間中電磁石２９に通電を行い、リード弁２７を吸着させた状態に保持してもよい。なお、この場合、アイドリング中にエンジン１の回転数が、例えば２，０００ｒｐｍ以下の第３の所定値以下の回転数に低下した場合、制御装置３１は掃気開口２３が開口する回数の２回に１回の割合での電磁石２９への通電を解除する。   Further, when the rotational speed of the engine 1 is, for example, a rotational speed equal to or lower than a second predetermined value equal to or lower than 8,000 rpm, the control device 31 detects the position of the piston 13 (magnet rotor 10 according to a signal input from the ignition coil 11). And the rotation speed of the engine 1 are calculated, and the opening / closing timing (opening / closing state) of the scavenging opening 23 is determined. In this case, the control device 31 constitutes a scavenging opening state determination unit that determines the open / closed state of the scavenging opening 23. As shown in FIG. 5, the control device 31 energizes the electromagnet 29 and attracts the reed valve 27 to the electromagnet 29 for a predetermined period after the scavenging opening 23 opens, that is, the first half of the period when the scavenging opening 23 is open. Let The length of the predetermined period for energizing the electromagnet 29 depends on the number of revolutions of the engine 1, as shown by the arrow A in FIG. When the engine speed is high, it may be moved to the left side where the energization time is shortened. The control device 31 is connected to a throttle switch (not shown) that detects the operation of the throttle trigger 3 (see FIG. 1). The control device 31 is in an idling state when the throttle switch is not operated. You may make it determine with it. When it is determined that the engine 1 is in the idling state, the control device 31 energizes the electromagnet 29 for a predetermined period after the scavenging opening 23 is opened to attract the reed valve 27. In addition, the control device 31 energizes the electromagnet 29 during the period when the scavenging opening 23 is opened, and maintains the reed valve 27 in an adsorbed state at a rate of once every two times the scavenging opening 23 is opened. May be. In this case, when the rotational speed of the engine 1 is reduced to a rotational speed equal to or lower than a third predetermined value of, for example, 2,000 rpm or less during idling, the controller 31 increases the number of times the scavenging opening 23 is opened twice. The energization of the electromagnet 29 at a rate of once is released.

このように構成されたエンジン１によれば、エンジン１の回転数が過度に上昇して過回転の状態にある場合、制御装置３１は電磁石２９に通電し、リード弁２７が電磁石２９に吸着することでクランクケース側掃気通路２５が閉鎖される。このため、掃気開口２３が開いている状態であっても、クランク室２１内の混合気がクランケース側掃気通路２５からシリンダブロック側掃気通路２４へ流れず、混合気が掃気開口２３からシリンダボア１４に流入することを抑制することができる。そして、混合気がシリンダボア１４内に流入しないため、エンジン１の出力が低下し、速やかにエンジン１の回転数を低下させて過回転を効果的に抑制することができる。また、クランケース側掃気通路２５の閉鎖は、電磁石２９、リード弁２７、および、ストッパ２８から成る簡単な構成で行うことができるうえ、これらの構成はクランクケース２０とシリンダブロック６との接合部分のクランケース側掃気通路２５に設けられる。このため、組立てが容易となり、簡単な構造であることもあいまって製造コストを抑えることもできる。また、リード弁２７は、非通電磁であってもクランクケース側掃気通路２５からシリンダブロック側掃気通路２４に向かう気流のみ流す構成であるため、燃焼ガスのクランクケース２０側への逆流を効果的に抑制することができると共に、タイミングによっては非通電磁にも閉鎖状態に位置するため、電磁石によって閉鎖状態を維持するため吸着力を発生させれば良いため、必要な電力を最小源に抑えることができる。   According to the engine 1 configured as described above, when the rotational speed of the engine 1 is excessively increased and is in an overspeed state, the control device 31 energizes the electromagnet 29 and the reed valve 27 is attracted to the electromagnet 29. As a result, the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25 is closed. For this reason, even when the scavenging opening 23 is open, the air-fuel mixture in the crank chamber 21 does not flow from the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25 to the cylinder block-side scavenging passage 24, and the air-fuel mixture flows from the scavenging opening 23 to the cylinder bore 14. It is possible to suppress inflow into Then, since the air-fuel mixture does not flow into the cylinder bore 14, the output of the engine 1 is reduced, and the rotational speed of the engine 1 can be quickly reduced to effectively suppress overspeed. The clan case-side scavenging passage 25 can be closed with a simple configuration including the electromagnet 29, the reed valve 27, and the stopper 28, and these configurations are the joint portions between the crankcase 20 and the cylinder block 6. The crancase-side scavenging passage 25 is provided. For this reason, the assembly becomes easy, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced due to the simple structure. In addition, the reed valve 27 is configured to flow only the air flow from the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25 to the cylinder block-side scavenging passage 24 even when non-electromagnetic, so that the backflow of combustion gas to the crankcase 20 side is effective. Depending on the timing, non-electromagnetic waves are also in a closed state, so it is sufficient to generate an attracting force to maintain the closed state with an electromagnet, so the necessary power is kept to the minimum source. Can do.

また、エンジン１が通常運転している間は、制御装置３１は掃気開口２３が開いている期間の前半の所定期間、電磁石２９に通電してリード弁２７を電磁石２９に吸着させる。このため、リード弁２７が電磁石２９に吸着することでクランクケース側掃気通路２５が閉鎖され、掃気開口２３が開いている状態であっても、クランク室２１内の混合気がクランケース側掃気通路２５からシリンダブロック側掃気通路２４へ流れず、混合気が掃気開口２３からシリンダボア１４に流入することを抑制する一方、シリンダボア１４内の燃焼ガスを排気開口１８から流出させることができる。そして、所定期間経過後に制御装置３１は電磁石２９への通電を解除するので、クランク室２１内の混合気は、クランクケース側掃気通路２５からリード弁２７を通過してシリンダブロック側掃気通路２４に流れ、掃気開口２３からシリンダボア１４に流入する。したがって、図５の掃気口の状態を示す部分に点線で示すように、排気開口１８が開くタイミングに対して、クランクケース側掃気通路２５を閉鎖することで実質的に掃気開口２３が開くタイミングを遅らせることができる。そして、ピストン１３が下死点に向かう場合の排気開口１８と掃気開口２３の両方の開口の開き始めにおいて生じやすい、掃気開口２３から流入する混合気が排気開口１８から最短距離で流出してしまうショートパスを効果的に抑制し、混合気が燃焼せずに流出することによる排気ガス特性の悪化を効果的に抑制することができる。さらに、電磁石２９への通電期間は、エンジン１の回転数に応じて設定することができるので、エンジン１の回転数に応じた最適なタイミングで混合気をシリンダボア１４に供給することが可能となる。したがって、エンジン１の回転数に応じてショートパスを効果的に抑制し、排気ガス特性の悪化をより効果的に抑制することができる。   Further, while the engine 1 is in normal operation, the control device 31 energizes the electromagnet 29 and attracts the reed valve 27 to the electromagnet 29 for a predetermined period in the first half of the period in which the scavenging opening 23 is open. For this reason, even when the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25 is closed by the reed valve 27 being attracted to the electromagnet 29 and the scavenging opening 23 is open, the air-fuel mixture in the crank chamber 21 remains in the crankcase-side scavenging passage. 25, the air-fuel mixture can be prevented from flowing into the cylinder bore 14 from the scavenging opening 23, while the combustion gas in the cylinder bore 14 can flow out from the exhaust opening 18. Then, after the predetermined period has elapsed, the control device 31 releases the energization to the electromagnet 29, so that the air-fuel mixture in the crank chamber 21 passes through the reed valve 27 from the crankcase side scavenging passage 25 to the cylinder block side scavenging passage 24. The gas flows into the cylinder bore 14 through the scavenging opening 23. Therefore, as indicated by the dotted line in the portion indicating the state of the scavenging port in FIG. 5, the timing at which the scavenging opening 23 is substantially opened by closing the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25 with respect to the timing at which the exhaust opening 18 is opened. Can be delayed. Then, the air-fuel mixture flowing from the scavenging opening 23 that tends to occur at the beginning of opening of both the exhaust opening 18 and the scavenging opening 23 when the piston 13 goes to the bottom dead center flows out from the exhaust opening 18 at the shortest distance. It is possible to effectively suppress the short path and effectively suppress the deterioration of the exhaust gas characteristics due to the air-fuel mixture flowing out without burning. Furthermore, since the energization period to the electromagnet 29 can be set according to the rotational speed of the engine 1, the air-fuel mixture can be supplied to the cylinder bore 14 at an optimal timing according to the rotational speed of the engine 1. . Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the short path according to the rotational speed of the engine 1 and more effectively suppress the deterioration of the exhaust gas characteristics.

さらに、エンジン１がアイドリング中も、上述のように制御装置３１は、掃気開口２３が開いてから所定期間、電磁石２９に通電してリード弁２７を吸着する。このため、シリンダボア１４の燃焼ガスが排気開口１８から排出された後に混合気をシリンダボア１４に供給することが可能となり、掃気が完全に行われることで間欠燃焼が生じることを抑制することが可能となり、安定したアイドリング運転が可能となる。また、アイドリング中は、掃気開口２３が開口する回数の２回に１回の割合で、制御装置３１は掃気開口２３が開口する期間中電磁石２９に通電を行う。このため、アイドリング中の混合気の燃焼回数を減らすことが可能となり、排気ガスの排出量を低減して排気ガス特性を向上させることができるうえ、燃費を低減し、騒音を下げることができる。また、この状態でエンジン１の回転数が低下した場合には、制御装置３１は電磁石２９への通電を停止するので、エンジン１が停止することを抑制することもできる。   Further, even when the engine 1 is idling, as described above, the control device 31 energizes the electromagnet 29 and attracts the reed valve 27 for a predetermined period after the scavenging opening 23 opens. For this reason, it becomes possible to supply the air-fuel mixture to the cylinder bore 14 after the combustion gas in the cylinder bore 14 is exhausted from the exhaust opening 18, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of intermittent combustion due to complete scavenging. Stable idling operation is possible. Further, during idling, the control device 31 energizes the electromagnet 29 during the period in which the scavenging opening 23 is opened at a rate of once every two times the scavenging opening 23 is opened. For this reason, it becomes possible to reduce the frequency | count of combustion of the air-fuel mixture during idling, it is possible to improve exhaust gas characteristics by reducing exhaust gas emissions, reduce fuel consumption, and reduce noise. Moreover, when the rotation speed of the engine 1 falls in this state, since the control apparatus 31 stops the electricity supply to the electromagnet 29, it can also suppress that the engine 1 stops.

以上、本発明の実施形態について詳述したが、本発明は上述の実施形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の範囲内で適宜変更が可能である。例えば、上述の実施形態では、エンジン１は刈払機１００１に搭載されているが、このエンジン３は刈払機１００１への搭載に限られるものでは無く、チェンソーやコンクリートカッター等の他のエンジン作業機に搭載されてもよい。また、上述のエンジン１は、クランクケース２０にクランクケース側掃気通路２５が形成される構成であったが、例えば、シリンダブロック６にのみ掃気通路を形成し、この掃気通路に電磁石により開閉可能なリード弁を設ける構成としてもよい。さらに、リード弁２７は、磁性体材料から構成されるものとしたが、別体の磁性体が接着されているものであってもよく、この場合、リード弁側にコイル等の電磁石が貼り付けられ、掃気通路に磁性体材料を設ける構成としてもよい。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, In the range of this invention, it can change suitably. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the engine 1 is mounted on the brush cutter 1001, but the engine 3 is not limited to mounting on the brush cutter 1001, and other engine working machines such as a chain saw and a concrete cutter are used. It may be mounted. Further, the engine 1 described above has a configuration in which the crankcase-side scavenging passage 25 is formed in the crankcase 20, but, for example, a scavenging passage is formed only in the cylinder block 6, and the scavenging passage can be opened and closed by an electromagnet. It is good also as a structure which provides a reed valve. Furthermore, although the reed valve 27 is made of a magnetic material, it may be formed by bonding a separate magnetic material. In this case, an electromagnet such as a coil is attached to the reed valve side. The magnetic material may be provided in the scavenging passage.

１ エンジン
６ シリンダブロック
９ クランク軸
１０ マグネトロータ
１１ イグニッションコイル（運転状態検出手段）
１３ ピストン
１４ シリンダボア
１５ 吸気通路
１６ 吸気開口
１７ 排気通路
１８ 排気開口
２０ クランクケース
２１ クランク室
２３ 掃気開口
２４ シリンダブロック側掃気通路(掃気通路)
２５ クランクケース側掃気通路(掃気通路)
２６ クランク室側掃気開口
２７ リード弁（制御弁）
２８ ストッパ
２９ 電磁石
３１ 制御装置（制御手段） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 6 Cylinder block 9 Crankshaft 10 Magnet rotor 11 Ignition coil (operation state detection means)
13 Piston 14 Cylinder bore 15 Intake passage 16 Intake opening 17 Exhaust passage 18 Exhaust opening 20 Crankcase 21 Crank chamber 23 Scavenging opening 24 Cylinder block side scavenging passage (scavenging passage)
25 Crankcase side scavenging passage (scavenging passage)
26 Crank chamber side scavenging opening 27 Reed valve (control valve)
28 Stopper 29 Electromagnet 31 Control device (control means)

Claims (12)

シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、
前記運転状態検出手段は、２サイクルエンジンの回転数を検出し、
前記制御手段は、前記運転状態検出手段により所定以上のエンジン回転数が検出された場合に、前記掃気通路を閉じる、
ことを特徴とする２サイクルエンジン。 An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state ,
The operating state detecting means detects the rotational speed of the two-cycle engine,
The control means closes the scavenging passage when an engine speed greater than or equal to a predetermined value is detected by the operating state detection means.
A two-cycle engine characterized by that. 前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口が開口する間、所定期間掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の２サイクルエンジン。 The control means controls the control valve to close the scavenging passage for a predetermined period while the scavenging opening opens.
The two-cycle engine according to claim 1 . 前記運転状態検出手段の検出結果に基づいて、前記掃気開口の開閉状態を判定する掃気開口状態判定手段をさらに有し、
前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口状態判定手段の判定結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する、
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の２サイクルエンジン。 Based on the detection result of the operating state detection means, further comprising a scavenging opening state determination means for determining an open / closed state of the scavenging opening,
The control means controls the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on a determination result of the scavenging opening state determination means;
The two-cycle engine according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that. 前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口状態判定手段の判定結果に基づいて、前記掃気開口が開口する間、掃気開口が開いてから所定期間前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する、
ことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の２サイクルエンジン。 The control means controls the control valve so as to close the scavenging passage for a predetermined period after the scavenging opening is opened, while the scavenging opening is open, based on the determination result of the scavenging opening state determination means.
The two-cycle engine according to claim 3 . 前記制御手段は、前記所定期間をエンジン回転数に基づいて変化させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の２サイクルエンジン。 The control means changes the predetermined period based on the engine speed.
The two-cycle engine according to claim 4 . 前記制御弁は、非通電時に前記掃気通路を前記クランク室から前記掃気開口に向かう気流のみ流すとともに、通電時に前記掃気通路を閉じる、リード弁である、
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至５のいずれか１項に記載の２サイクルエンジン。 The control valve is a reed valve that allows only the air flow from the crank chamber to the scavenging opening through the scavenging passage when not energized, and closes the scavenging passage when energized.
The two-cycle engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the two-cycle engine is provided. 前記リード弁は磁性を有し、
通電時に前記リード弁を吸着して前記掃気通路を閉じる電磁石をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は前記電磁石の通電を制御する、
ことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の２サイクルエンジン。 The reed valve has magnetism,
An electromagnet that adsorbs the reed valve when energized and closes the scavenging passage;
The control means controls energization of the electromagnet;
The two-cycle engine according to claim 6 . 前記リード弁は、開度を制限するストッパを備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項６または７に記載の２サイクルエンジン。 The reed valve includes a stopper that limits the opening degree,
The two-cycle engine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、  A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、  A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、  Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、  Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state,
前記運転状態検出手段の検出結果に基づいて、前記掃気開口の開閉状態を判定する掃気開口状態判定手段をさらに有し、  Based on the detection result of the operating state detection means, further comprising a scavenging opening state determination means for determining an open / closed state of the scavenging opening,
前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口状態判定手段の判定結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する、  The control means controls the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on a determination result of the scavenging opening state determination means;
ことを特徴とする２サイクルエンジン。  A two-cycle engine characterized by that. シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、  A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、  A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、  Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、  Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state,
前記制御手段は、前記掃気開口が開いている間の前半の所定期間、前記掃気通路を閉じ、当該所定期間後に前記掃気通路を開くように前記制御弁を制御する、  The control means controls the control valve to close the scavenging passage for a predetermined period in the first half while the scavenging opening is open, and to open the scavenging passage after the predetermined period.
ことを特徴とする２サイクルエンジン。  A two-cycle engine characterized by that. シリンダボアの内周壁に設けられ、前記シリンダボア内を往復動するピストンによりそれぞれ開閉する排気開口および掃気開口と、An exhaust opening and a scavenging opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder bore, each opened and closed by a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder bore;
前記掃気開口とクランク室とを接続する掃気通路と、  A scavenging passage connecting the scavenging opening and the crank chamber;
前記掃気通路に設けられ、前記掃気通路の開閉を行う制御弁と、  A control valve provided in the scavenging passage to open and close the scavenging passage;
運転状態を検出する運転状態検出手段と、  Driving state detecting means for detecting the driving state;
前記運転状態の検出結果に基づいて前記掃気通路を閉じるよう前記制御弁を制御する制御手段と、を備え、  Control means for controlling the control valve to close the scavenging passage based on the detection result of the operation state,
前記制御弁は、非通電時に前記掃気通路を前記クランク室から前記掃気開口に向かう気流のみ流すとともに、通電時に前記掃気通路を閉じる、リード弁である、  The control valve is a reed valve that allows only the air flow from the crank chamber to the scavenging opening through the scavenging passage when not energized, and closes the scavenging passage when energized.
ことを特徴とする２サイクルエンジン。  A two-cycle engine characterized by that. 請求項１乃至１１のいずれか１項に記載の２サイクルエンジンを備える、
ことを特徴とするエンジン作業機。 The two-cycle engine according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , comprising:
An engine working machine characterized by that.
JP2011019155A 2011-01-31 2011-01-31 Two-cycle engine and engine working machine equipped with the same Expired - Fee Related JP5673155B2 (en)

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CN2012800070501A CN103380272A (en) 2011-01-31 2012-01-30 2-cycle engine and engine-powered working machine having the same
PCT/JP2012/000566 WO2012105216A1 (en) 2011-01-31 2012-01-30 2-cycle engine and engine-powered working machine having the same
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