JP5668123B2 - Junction structure, electrical contact - Google Patents
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- JP5668123B2 JP5668123B2 JP2013227832A JP2013227832A JP5668123B2 JP 5668123 B2 JP5668123 B2 JP 5668123B2 JP 2013227832 A JP2013227832 A JP 2013227832A JP 2013227832 A JP2013227832 A JP 2013227832A JP 5668123 B2 JP5668123 B2 JP 5668123B2
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本発明は、真空遮断器、真空スイッチギヤ、ガス絶縁スイッチギヤ等に用いられる電力開閉器用の接合構造、電気接点に関する。 The present invention relates to a joining structure and an electrical contact for a power switch used for a vacuum circuit breaker, a vacuum switch gear, a gas insulation switch gear and the like.
真空中で電流を遮断する電力開閉機器は、電気接点を内蔵し、真空封止された容器である真空バルブを備える。電気接点は焼結法や溶浸法などの製造プロセスによって作製され、必要に応じて機械加工される。この電気接点は通電部材とろう付け（一次接合）された後、真空バルブを構成する容器内に組み入れた状態で、真空中において容器をろう付け封止（二次接合）することによって、電気接点は真空バルブ内に内蔵される。このように、一般に電気接点の製造プロセスにおいて、ろう付け工程は通電部材との接合と真空封止接合の少なくとも２段階以上の工程数を要しており、電気接点を含めた真空バルブの製造には多大なコストが費やされる。 A power switching device that cuts off a current in a vacuum includes a vacuum valve that is a vacuum-sealed container with a built-in electrical contact. The electrical contacts are made by a manufacturing process such as a sintering method or an infiltration method, and machined as necessary. After this electrical contact is brazed (primary joining) to the current-carrying member, the container is brazed and sealed (secondary joining) in a vacuum in a state of being incorporated in the container constituting the vacuum valve. Is built in the vacuum valve. As described above, in general, in the electrical contact manufacturing process, the brazing process requires at least two stages of the joining with the current-carrying member and the vacuum sealing joining, and it is necessary to manufacture the vacuum valve including the electrical contact. Is costly.
また、電気接点と通電部材とのろう付けに不備があると、稼働中に電気接点が脱落したり、電流遮断時のアーク加熱あるいは通電中のジュール加熱によってろう材が揮散することで電気的性能が低下したり、製品信頼性が低下する。したがって、ろう付けの中でも一次ろう付けには高い信頼性が求められ、接合部近傍において適正なろう材量を保持するための部位・形状を設けるなど、健全なろう付け状態を得るための形状上の工夫がなされている。 In addition, if there is a deficiency in brazing between the electrical contact and the current-carrying member, the electrical contact may fall off during operation, or the brazing material may be volatilized due to arc heating during current interruption or joule heating during current conduction. Or product reliability decreases. Therefore, high reliability is required for the primary brazing among the brazing, and the shape for obtaining a sound brazing state is provided, such as providing a part / shape for maintaining an appropriate amount of brazing material in the vicinity of the joint. Have been devised.
前記の特許文献１は、ろう付け部の形状を適正化することでろう付け健全性の向上を図っている。しかし、ろう材を用いる限り、その加熱揮散により接合信頼性が低下する可能性がある。また、焼結法や溶浸法による電気接点の製造工程が多大な熱エネルギーを要するため、接点のプロセス自体がコスト増大の要因となっている。 In Patent Document 1, the soundness of brazing is improved by optimizing the shape of the brazing part. However, as long as a brazing material is used, there is a possibility that the bonding reliability is lowered by the heat volatilization. In addition, since the electrical contact manufacturing process by the sintering method or the infiltration method requires a large amount of thermal energy, the contact process itself is a factor in increasing the cost.
本発明の目的は、部材同士を低コストでろう材を用いずに接合することにある。 An object of the present invention is to join members at low cost without using a brazing material.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明の接合構造は、第１部材と、前記第１部材の上に設けられた第２部材と、金属を含む粉末を前記第１部材と前記第２部材との双方にわたって付着堆積させ、熱的・機械的合金化により前記第１部材と前記第２部材とを接合する接点層とを備え、前記第２部材を貫通する前記第１部材または前記第２部材を貫通する前記付着堆積層が前記第２部材と嵌合形状である接合構造を形成し、前記第２部材の一面と前記第１部材の端部とが、前記接合構造で接合されることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the joining structure of the present invention includes a first member, a second member provided on the first member, and a powder containing metal containing the first member and the second member. A contact layer that adheres and accumulates on both sides and joins the first member and the second member by thermal / mechanical alloying; and the first member or the second member penetrating the second member is provided. the deposition deposited layer penetrating to form a second member and the fitting shape der Ru junction structure, and an end portion of the one surface and the first member of the second member, it is joined by the joining structure Rukoto It is characterized by.
本発明によれば、部材同士を低コストでろう材を用いずに接合することができる。 According to the present invention, members can be joined at low cost without using a brazing material.
本発明に係る接合構造の断面図を、図１および図２に示す。図１および図２において、１は被接合部材、２は基材、３は付着堆積層、４は基材２に設けられた貫通孔、５は被接合部材１に設けられた凸部である。 1 and 2 are sectional views of the joint structure according to the present invention. 1 and FIG. 2, 1 is a member to be joined, 2 is a base material, 3 is an adhesion deposition layer, 4 is a through hole provided in the base material 2, and 5 is a convex portion provided in the member 1 to be joined. .
図１に示す第１の構造は、基材２の貫通孔４と被接合部材１の凸部５とを嵌め合わせる。凸部５の先端の表面は、基材２の表面より突出していても（Ｘ＞Ｙ）、同一平面上にあっても（Ｘ＝Ｙ）、基材２の表面より窪んでいても（Ｘ＜Ｙ）よい。以下の構造についても同様である。また、被接合部材１と基材２とは、図のような被接合部材１の軸中心で嵌合していなくても良い。被接合部材１と基材２とが接触する部分を嵌合部とし、その嵌合部に付着堆積層３を形成する。基材２と凸部５（被接合部材１）の両部材にわたって、金属を含む粉末を付着堆積させることによって、この付着堆積層３を基材２並びに被接合部材１と接触させるように形成し、熱的・機械的合金化による結合を介して、基材２と被接合部材１を接合することができる。 In the first structure shown in FIG. 1, the through hole 4 of the substrate 2 and the convex portion 5 of the member 1 to be joined are fitted together. Even if the surface of the tip of the convex portion 5 protrudes from the surface of the substrate 2 (X> Y), is on the same plane (X = Y), or is recessed from the surface of the substrate 2 (X <Y) Good. The same applies to the following structures. Moreover, the to-be-joined member 1 and the base material 2 do not need to fit in the axial center of the to-be-joined member 1 like a figure. A portion where the bonded member 1 and the base material 2 come into contact with each other is used as a fitting portion, and the deposited layer 3 is formed on the fitting portion. The adhesion deposition layer 3 is formed so as to be in contact with the substrate 2 and the member 1 to be bonded by depositing and depositing a metal-containing powder over both the substrate 2 and the convex portion 5 (member 1 to be bonded). The base member 2 and the member 1 to be joined can be joined through the bonding by thermal / mechanical alloying.
また、図２に示す第２の構造は、被接合部材１上に基材２を載置し、基材２の貫通孔４と被接合部材１の平坦部とを重ね合わせ、貫通孔４を充填するように金属を含む粉末を付着堆積させる。これによって、付着堆積層３の基材２並びに被接合部材１との熱的・機械的合金化による結合を介して、基材２と被接合部材１を接合するものである。被接合部材１は基材２との接触面が平坦でなく、貫通孔４がさらに下方へ伸びるように窪んでいても良い。これらの構造により、比較的低融点で耐熱性の低いろう材などを用いることなく、基材２と被接合部材１の接合が可能となる。接合した後、基材２表面において突起部となる付着堆積層３を機械加工等で除去し、基材２の表面を平坦化しても接合状態を維持することができる。 Moreover, the 2nd structure shown in FIG. 2 mounts the base material 2 on the to-be-joined member 1, superimposes the through-hole 4 of the base material 2, and the flat part of the to-be-joined member 1, and the through-hole 4 is made. A metal-containing powder is deposited and deposited to fill. In this way, the base material 2 and the member to be joined 1 are joined via the bonding of the adhesion deposition layer 3 to the base material 2 and the member to be joined 1 by thermal / mechanical alloying. The member 1 to be joined may be recessed so that the contact surface with the substrate 2 is not flat and the through hole 4 extends further downward. With these structures, the base member 2 and the member to be joined 1 can be joined without using a brazing material having a relatively low melting point and low heat resistance. After the bonding, the adhesion deposition layer 3 that becomes a protrusion on the surface of the substrate 2 is removed by machining or the like, and the bonding state can be maintained even if the surface of the substrate 2 is flattened.
また、図３に示すように、凸部５の突出部表面粗さを粗くしたり、微小な凹凸を設けることにより、凸部５と付着堆積層３との間での機械的結合（いわゆるアンカー効果）あるいは接触面積を増大することができ、より強固な結合を得ることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, mechanical coupling between the convex portion 5 and the adhesion deposition layer 3 (so-called anchors) can be achieved by roughening the protrusion surface roughness of the convex portion 5 or providing minute irregularities. Effect) or the contact area can be increased, and a stronger bond can be obtained.
また、図４に示すように、付着堆積層３と接触する被接合部材１の表面を、図３と同様に荒らしたり微小凹凸を設けてもよく、図４および図５に示すように、基材２の貫通孔４にテーパやＲ部を設けると付着堆積層３と被接合部材１との結合がより強固になる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the member 1 to be in contact with the adhesion deposition layer 3 may be roughened or provided with minute irregularities in the same manner as in FIG. 3, and as shown in FIGS. When the through hole 4 of the material 2 is provided with a taper or an R portion, the bond between the deposited layer 3 and the member 1 to be joined becomes stronger.
上記の接合構造を利用した本発明の電気接点の構造の断面図を、図６および図８に示す。図６および図８において、１は高伝導性金属からなるカップ形状あるいは棒状の被接合部材、２は高伝導性金属からなる基材、６は耐火性の金属あるいは化合物と高伝導性金属を含み付着堆積層３からなる接点層、７は被接合部材１と基材２の間の空間を補強するための支持部材、８は支持部材７と被接合部材１並びに基材２の間に載置されるろう材、９は被接合部材１と基材２の重ね合わせ部に設けられた位置決めのための段差である。 6 and 8 show cross-sectional views of the structure of the electrical contact of the present invention using the above-described joining structure. 6 and 8, 1 is a cup-shaped or bar-shaped member made of a highly conductive metal, 2 is a base material made of a highly conductive metal, and 6 includes a refractory metal or compound and a highly conductive metal. A contact layer composed of an adhesion deposition layer 3, 7 is a support member for reinforcing the space between the bonded member 1 and the substrate 2, and 8 is placed between the support member 7, the bonded member 1 and the substrate 2. The brazing material 9 is a step for positioning provided in the overlapping portion of the member 1 and the base material 2.
図６および図８それぞれにおいて、（ａ）は上記接合構造のうちの図１に示した第１の構造により接合する電気接点１００および３００、（ｂ）は図２に示した第２の構造により接合する電気接点２００および４００である。いずれの場合にも付着堆積層３が接点層６を兼ねることによって、被接合部材１と基材２との接合、並びに基材２上への接点層３の形成が、上述の接合機構により一つの工程で同時に達成でき、低コストの電気接点の製造、ろう材を用いない接点周辺部材の接合が可能となる。 6 and 8, respectively, (a) is an electrical contact 100 and 300 to be joined by the first structure shown in FIG. 1 of the joining structure, and (b) is a second structure shown in FIG. Electrical contacts 200 and 400 to be joined. In any case, the adhesion deposition layer 3 also serves as the contact layer 6, so that the joining of the member to be joined 1 and the base material 2 and the formation of the contact layer 3 on the base material 2 are all performed by the joining mechanism described above. It can be achieved simultaneously in one process, and it is possible to manufacture low-cost electrical contacts and join contact peripheral members without using brazing material.
なお、支持部材７の上下に載置されるろう材８は、後の真空バルブの封止ろう付け過程において溶融し、支持部材７のろう付け固定に用いられるもので、接点層６の裏面中央に配されるため、稼働中の温度上昇に伴うろう材揮散の影響は小さく、支持部材７の固定に支障がなければ省いてもよい。また、基材２に設けられた段差９は、被接合部材１との位置決め精度に支障がなければ省いてもよい。さらに、図６の構造をもつ電気接点１００および２００において、用いる基材２の貫通孔４の形状は、図９（ａ）の平面図に示すような円形で複数の貫通孔４を周方向に均等に設けるほか、図９（ｂ）の平面図に示すような円周に沿った長尺孔としてもよい。これにより接合部寸法が増し、接合強度と通電性の向上に有利となる。 The brazing material 8 placed above and below the support member 7 is melted in the subsequent brazing process of the vacuum valve and used for brazing and fixing the support member 7. Therefore, the influence of the brazing material volatilization accompanying the temperature rise during operation is small, and may be omitted if there is no problem in fixing the support member 7. Further, the step 9 provided on the substrate 2 may be omitted if there is no problem in positioning accuracy with the member 1 to be joined. Furthermore, in the electrical contacts 100 and 200 having the structure of FIG. 6, the shape of the through hole 4 of the base material 2 used is circular as shown in the plan view of FIG. 9A, and a plurality of through holes 4 are arranged in the circumferential direction. In addition to providing them equally, they may be elongated holes along the circumference as shown in the plan view of FIG. This increases the dimensions of the joint, which is advantageous for improving the joint strength and electrical conductivity.
また、図８の構造をもつ電気接点３００および４００において、基材２と被接合部材１が接する部分（貫通孔４と凸部５、あるいは被接合部材１と基材２の重ね合わせ部）にネジ部を設け、基材２と被接合部材１をネジ締結しておくことにより、後述する接点層６の形成過程における基材２の傾きや脱落を防止することができる。さらに、図６の構造をなす電気接点１００および２００は、図７に示す構造とすることもできる。すなわち、高伝導性金属からなる網を基材２とし、その上に接点層６を形成する。この際、平坦面に離型剤を塗布した硬質な土台の上に網を置き、その上から粉末を付着堆積させて接点層６を形成する。この接点層６の外径は、カップ形状の被接合部材１の内径より小さくする。網状の基材２と接点層６が一体化した接点層１１００を、被接合部材１およびろう材８を配した支持部材７の上に載置し、網状の基材２と被接合部材１が重なる外周部に対して粉末を付着堆積させて締結する（１２００）。この構造では基材２が堆積の小さな網状のため、電気接点１２００を軽量化でき、使用材料の削減にもつながる。 Further, in the electrical contacts 300 and 400 having the structure of FIG. 8, the portion where the base member 2 and the member to be joined 1 are in contact (the through hole 4 and the convex portion 5, or the overlapping portion of the member to be joined 1 and the base member 2). By providing the screw portion and screwing the base member 2 and the member 1 to be joined together, it is possible to prevent the base member 2 from being inclined or dropped in the process of forming the contact layer 6 described later. Furthermore, the electrical contacts 100 and 200 having the structure shown in FIG. 6 may have the structure shown in FIG. That is, a network made of a highly conductive metal is used as the base material 2, and the contact layer 6 is formed thereon. At this time, the contact layer 6 is formed by placing a net on a hard base coated with a release agent on a flat surface, and depositing and depositing powder from the net. The outer diameter of the contact layer 6 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the cup-shaped member 1 to be joined. The contact layer 1100 in which the net-like base material 2 and the contact layer 6 are integrated is placed on the support member 7 on which the member 1 and the brazing material 8 are arranged. The powder is adhered and deposited on the overlapping outer peripheral portion and fastened (1200). In this structure, since the base material 2 has a small net-like structure, the electrical contact 1200 can be reduced in weight, leading to a reduction in materials used.
本発明の電気接点は、被接合部材１および基材２、あるいは接点層６の一部を構成する高伝導性金属が、ＣｕまたはＡｇあるいはそれらを主成分とする合金である。これにより、通電に伴う電気接点の温度上昇を抑制し、互いに接触し合う接点層６どうしの溶着を妨げるとともに、良好な通電性能を確保することができる。また、接点層６の一部を構成する耐火性の金属あるいは化合物を、Ｃｒ、Ｃｏ、Ｗ、ＷＣのうちの少なくとも１種以上とするものである。これにより、電気接点として必要な耐電圧特性（耐アーク性）や電流遮断特性などを発現することができる。さらに、接点層６をなす付着堆積層３は、粒径が７５μｍ以下で、前記の耐火性の金属あるいは化合物と高伝導性金属の粉末（以下、原料粉と記す）で構成されるものである。これにより、緻密な付着堆積層３が得られるとともに、嵌合部の周囲（図１）あるいは貫通孔４の内部（図２）に対して効率的に原料粉を堆積充填することが可能となり、良好な接合状態が得られる。原料粉の粒径が概ね７５μｍを超えると粉末粒子の重量が大きくなり、原料粉を付着堆積させるために必要な衝突速度が得られず、また、堆積する粒子間に隙間が形成されやすくなるため、緻密な付着堆積層３が得られない。 In the electrical contact of the present invention, the highly conductive metal constituting part of the member to be bonded 1 and the base material 2 or the contact layer 6 is Cu or Ag or an alloy containing them as a main component. Thereby, while the temperature rise of the electrical contact accompanying electricity supply is suppressed, welding of the contact layers 6 which mutually contact is prevented, and favorable electricity supply performance can be ensured. The refractory metal or compound constituting part of the contact layer 6 is at least one of Cr, Co, W, and WC. Thereby, a withstand voltage characteristic (arc resistance), an electric current interruption characteristic, etc. which are required as an electrical contact can be expressed. Further, the adhesion deposition layer 3 forming the contact layer 6 has a particle size of 75 μm or less and is composed of the above-mentioned refractory metal or compound and highly conductive metal powder (hereinafter referred to as raw material powder). . As a result, a dense adhesion deposition layer 3 can be obtained, and the raw material powder can be efficiently deposited and filled around the fitting portion (FIG. 1) or inside the through hole 4 (FIG. 2). A good bonded state can be obtained. When the particle size of the raw material powder exceeds about 75 μm, the weight of the powder particle becomes large, the collision speed necessary for adhering and depositing the raw material powder cannot be obtained, and a gap is easily formed between the deposited particles. Thus, the dense adhesion deposition layer 3 cannot be obtained.
図１０は、径方向に組成の異なる複数の接点層を環状に配した場合の、本発明の電気接点の構造の断面図である。図１０において、４７は接点層６と組成の異なる第２の接点層、４８は接点層６および４７いずれとも組成の異なる第３の接点層である。図１０（ａ）は２種類の接点層６および４７が中心軸対称に環状に設けられた電気接点８００、図１０（ｂ）は３種類の接点層６、４７および４８が中心軸対称に同心円状に設けられた電気接点９００、図１０（ｃ）は２種類の接点層６および４７が中心軸対称に環状に交互に設けられた電気接点１０００である。電気接点の電気的性能は、接点の組成により変化する。したがって、組成の異なる複数の接点層を有することによって複数の機能、例えば遮断性能や耐電圧性能、低サージ性などを併せ持つ電気接点を実現することができる。また、この複数組成の接点層を有する電気接点は、図６（ａ）、（ｂ）、図７（ｂ）、図８（ｂ）の構造にも同様に適用できる。なお、組成の異なる複数の接点層が、中心軸から外周へ向かって放射状に交互に配された電気接点も同様に実現可能である。 FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the electrical contact of the present invention when a plurality of contact layers having different compositions in the radial direction are arranged in an annular shape. In FIG. 10, 47 is a second contact layer having a composition different from that of the contact layer 6, and 48 is a third contact layer having a composition different from that of the contact layers 6 and 47. FIG. 10A shows an electrical contact 800 in which two types of contact layers 6 and 47 are provided in an annular shape symmetrical with respect to the central axis, and FIG. 10B shows a case where three types of contact layers 6, 47 and 48 are concentric with the central axis symmetrical. FIG. 10C shows an electrical contact 1000 in which two types of contact layers 6 and 47 are alternately provided in an annular shape symmetrically about the central axis. The electrical performance of an electrical contact varies with the composition of the contact. Therefore, by having a plurality of contact layers having different compositions, it is possible to realize an electrical contact having a plurality of functions such as a breaking performance, a withstand voltage performance, and a low surge property. In addition, the electrical contact having a contact layer having a plurality of compositions can be similarly applied to the structures shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B, 7B, and 8B. An electrical contact in which a plurality of contact layers having different compositions are alternately arranged radially from the central axis toward the outer periphery can be similarly realized.
以上のような接合構造および電気接点は、基材２と被接合部材１との嵌合部あるいは重ね合わせ部位に対して、付着堆積層３を構成する原料粉を溶射や爆発圧縮成形などの方法により高速で衝突させ、粉末が塑性変形し、熱的・機械的合金化によって付着堆積させることで得られる。耐火性の金属あるいは化合物は、一般に比較的硬質なため、この粉末を高速で衝突させても塑性変形しにくく、目的とする部位に対してほとんど付着堆積しないが、比較的軟質の高伝導性金属の粉末を含むと、これが耐火性の金属あるいは化合物の粉末を巻き込みながら堆積するため、上記のように各々成分が異なる接点層６、４７、４８を得ることができる。この粉末を介した熱的・機械的合金化による２つの部材の接合は、図１１に示すような被接合部材１と通電部材４９との締結にも用いることができる。すなわち、被接合部材１と通電部材４９とを密着させて載置した状態で、その接触部の縁に沿って粉末を高速で衝突させ、付着堆積層３を形成することによって両者を締結することができ、これは図６（ｂ）や図７（ｂ）の場合にも適用できる。 The joining structure and the electrical contact as described above are methods such as thermal spraying or explosion compression molding of the raw material powder constituting the deposited layer 3 on the fitting portion or the overlapped portion between the base material 2 and the member 1 to be joined. It is obtained by making the powder collide at high speed, and the powder is plastically deformed and deposited by thermal and mechanical alloying. Since refractory metals or compounds are generally relatively hard, they are not easily plastically deformed even when this powder is struck at high speed, and hardly adhere to the target site, but are relatively soft, highly conductive metals. In this case, the refractory metal or compound powder is deposited while entraining, so that the contact layers 6, 47 and 48 having different components can be obtained as described above. The joining of the two members by thermal / mechanical alloying via the powder can also be used for fastening the member to be joined 1 and the energizing member 49 as shown in FIG. That is, in a state where the member 1 and the energizing member 49 are placed in close contact with each other, the powder is collided at a high speed along the edge of the contact portion, and the deposited layer 3 is formed to fasten them together. This can also be applied to the cases of FIGS. 6B and 7B.
さらに、付着堆積層３をもって形成される接点層６、４７、４８はそれぞれ、その厚さ方向（電気接点の開閉方向）において組成を段階的あるいは連続的に変化させることができる。例えば、接点層６、４７、４８を溶射により形成する際、供給する粉末の組成を段階的あるいは連続的に変化させることにより、接点層は厚さ方向に傾斜した組成となる。このとき、基材２側を基材２と密着性の高い高伝導性金属が多い組成とし、接点層６、４７、４８の表面側を耐火性の金属あるいは化合物が多い組成とすることで、基材２との密着性に優れ、十分な耐電圧特性を有する接点層６、４７、４８が得られる。 Furthermore, each of the contact layers 6, 47, 48 formed with the adhesion deposition layer 3 can change the composition stepwise or continuously in the thickness direction (opening / closing direction of the electrical contact). For example, when the contact layers 6, 47, 48 are formed by thermal spraying, the composition of the supplied powder is changed stepwise or continuously so that the contact layer has a composition inclined in the thickness direction. At this time, by making the base material 2 side a composition with a large amount of highly conductive metal having high adhesion to the base material 2, and making the surface side of the contact layers 6, 47, 48 a composition with a lot of refractory metals or compounds, Contact layers 6, 47, and 48 having excellent adhesion to the base material 2 and sufficient withstand voltage characteristics are obtained.
本発明に係る真空バルブは、真空容器内に一対の固定側接点及び可動側接点を備えるもので、少なくとも一方の接点に本発明の電気接点を有することにより、真空中での優れた電流遮断性能や耐電圧性能などを発現できる。 The vacuum valve according to the present invention is provided with a pair of fixed-side contact and movable-side contact in a vacuum vessel, and has an electric contact according to the present invention at least at one of the contacts, thereby providing excellent current interruption performance in vacuum. And withstand voltage performance.
本発明に係る真空遮断器は、前記の真空バルブ内の固定側接点及び可動側接点の各々に真空バルブ外に接続された導体端子と、可動側接点を駆動する開閉手段とを備えるもので、この真空バルブが本発明に係る電気接点を有することで、真空遮断器として十分な機能を発揮することができる。 The vacuum circuit breaker according to the present invention comprises a conductor terminal connected to the outside of the vacuum valve to each of the fixed side contact and the movable side contact in the vacuum valve, and an opening / closing means for driving the movable side contact. When this vacuum valve has the electrical contact according to the present invention, a sufficient function as a vacuum circuit breaker can be exhibited.
本発明に係る電力開閉器は、一対の電気接点のうちの一方が本発明の電気接点からなり、一対の電気接点を接触または開離させることにより、電流を通電または遮断する機構を備えたものである。これにより真空、不活性ガス、大気のいずれかの雰囲気中で十分な電流遮断性能など、電力開閉器としての性能を発揮することができる。 A power switch according to the present invention includes a mechanism for energizing or interrupting current by contacting or opening a pair of electrical contacts, one of the pair of electrical contacts being the electrical contact of the present invention. It is. As a result, performance as a power switch such as sufficient current interruption performance in any one of vacuum, inert gas, and air can be exhibited.
以下、発明を実施するための最良の形態を実施例によって詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the invention will be described in detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
図８および図１０（ａ）に示す構造で、接点層６が表１に示す組成（分析値）の電気接点３００、４００および８００を作製した。いずれも基材２は直径５４mm、厚さ５mm、貫通孔４の内径が１２mmで、基材２および被接合部材１は無酸素銅である。また、比較品として、貫通孔４をもたない基材２と凸部５をもたない被接合部材１とをＣｕ−Ｍｎ−Ｎｉ系ろう材を用いてろう付けした電気接点も作製した。 Electrical contacts 300, 400, and 800 having the structure shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 10 (a) and the contact layer 6 having the composition (analytical value) shown in Table 1 were produced. In any case, the substrate 2 has a diameter of 54 mm, a thickness of 5 mm, and the inner diameter of the through-hole 4 is 12 mm. The substrate 2 and the bonded member 1 are made of oxygen-free copper. In addition, as a comparative product, an electrical contact was produced by brazing the base member 2 having no through-hole 4 and the member 1 to be joined having no convex portion 5 using a Cu—Mn—Ni brazing material.
まず、本実施例の電気接点３００および４００の作製方法について説明する。接点層６の組成がＣｕ−Ｃｒの場合（表１のＮo.１、Ｎo.２およびＮo.６）、原料粉には粒径範囲が２５〜７５μｍのＣｕ粉末およびＣｒ粉末を、表１に示す接点層６の組成が得られるように配合した混合粉を用いた。接点層６の組成がＡｇ−ＷＣの場合（表１のＮo.３およびＮo.４）、原料粉には粒径範囲が０.３〜４５μｍのＡｇ粉末およびＷＣ粉末を、表１に示す接点層６の組成が得られるように配合した混合粉を用いた。これらの混合粉を、基材２と被接合部材１とを組み合わせた状態で、基材２の表面にＡｒ＋Ｈ2混合ガスを用いて溶射し、衝突させて付着堆積させた。接点層６の組成が表１に示す範囲で連続的に変化したＮo.６では、Ｃｕ粉末とＣｒ粉末それぞれの供給系統を別個に制御し、接点層６の厚さ方向の組成を基材側から表面側へ段階的または連続的に変化させた。基材２の表面に原料粉を厚さ約３mm堆積させた後、機械加工によって厚さ約２mmまで切削して、接点層６と基材２の合計厚さが約５mmの電気接点３００および４００を得た。 First, a method for manufacturing the electrical contacts 300 and 400 of this embodiment will be described. When the composition of the contact layer 6 is Cu—Cr (No. 1, No. 2 and No. 6 in Table 1), the raw material powder includes Cu powder and Cr powder having a particle size range of 25 to 75 μm. The mixed powder blended so as to obtain the composition of the contact layer 6 shown was used. When the composition of the contact layer 6 is Ag-WC (No. 3 and No. 4 in Table 1), Ag powder and WC powder having a particle size range of 0.3 to 45 μm are used as the raw material powder. A mixed powder blended so as to obtain the composition of the layer 6 was used. These mixed powders were sprayed onto the surface of the base material 2 using an Ar + H 2 mixed gas in a state where the base material 2 and the member to be joined 1 were combined, and were allowed to collide to be deposited. In No. 6 in which the composition of the contact layer 6 continuously changed within the range shown in Table 1, the supply system of each of the Cu powder and the Cr powder was controlled separately, and the composition in the thickness direction of the contact layer 6 was changed to the substrate side. From the surface side to the surface side. After the raw material powder is deposited on the surface of the base material 2 to a thickness of about 3 mm, it is cut by machining to a thickness of about 2 mm, and the electrical contacts 300 and 400 having a total thickness of the contact layer 6 and the base material 2 of about 5 mm. Got.
次に、本実施例の電気接点８００の作製方法（表１のＮo.５）について説明する。原料粉には上記の混合粉を用いた。まず、基材２と被接合部材１とを組み合わせた状態で、内径２５mmの穴のあいた遮蔽板（マスク）を通して、Ａｇ−ＷＣ混合粉を基材２の中央部表面にＡｒ＋Ｈ2混合ガスを用いて溶射し、衝突させて付着堆積させた。さらに、外径２５mmの遮蔽板（マスク）を基材２の中央に配した状態で、Ｃｕ−Ｃｒ混合粉を同様に溶射して付着堆積させた。その後、上記と同様の機械加工を施し、内周側（約２５mm径）にＡｇ−ＷＣの接点層６、外周側にＣｕ−Ｃｒの接点層４７を有する電気接点８００を得た。 Next, a method for producing the electrical contact 800 of this example (No. 5 in Table 1) will be described. The above mixed powder was used as the raw material powder. First, in a state where the base material 2 and the member 1 to be joined are combined, an Ag + WC mixed gas is used on the surface of the central portion of the base material 2 through a shielding plate (mask) having a hole with an inner diameter of 25 mm, and an Ar + H 2 mixed gas is used. Sprayed and collided to deposit. Further, Cu-Cr mixed powder was sprayed and deposited in the same manner in a state where a shielding plate (mask) having an outer diameter of 25 mm was arranged at the center of the substrate 2. Thereafter, machining similar to the above was performed to obtain an electrical contact 800 having an Ag—WC contact layer 6 on the inner peripheral side (about 25 mm diameter) and a Cu—Cr contact layer 47 on the outer peripheral side.
次に、比較品のうち、図８（ａ）の接合構造をもち、原料粉の粒径範囲が本実施例と異なるＮo.９およびＮo.１０の電気接点３００の作製方法について説明する。原料粉には、粒径範囲が４５〜１０５μｍおよび８０〜１５０μｍのＣｕ粉末とＣｒ粉末の混合粉を用いた。この混合粉を、上記の本実施例と同様の方法で基材２の表面に溶射した後、機械加工によって表面を切削して、接点層６と基材２の合計厚さが約５mmの電気接点３００を得た。 Next, a method for producing the electrical contacts 300 of No. 9 and No. 10 that have the joint structure of FIG. As the raw material powder, a mixed powder of Cu powder and Cr powder having a particle size range of 45 to 105 μm and 80 to 150 μm was used. This mixed powder is sprayed onto the surface of the base material 2 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and then the surface is cut by machining so that the total thickness of the contact layer 6 and the base material 2 is about 5 mm. A contact 300 was obtained.
続いて、比較品のうち、基材２と被接合部材１とをろう付けにより接合した電気接点（Ｎo.７およびＮo.８）の作製方法について説明する。原料粉には、Ｎo.１〜Ｎo.５と同様のＣｕ−Ｃｒ混合粉およびＡｇ−ＷＣ混合粉を用いた。これらの混合粉を、上記の本発明品と同様の方法で貫通孔４をもたない基材２の表面に溶射した後、機械加工によって表面を切削して、接点層６の厚さを約２mmとした。この基材２の裏面と被接合部材１の平坦面（直径１２mm）の間にＣｕ−Ｍｎ−Ｎｉ系ろう材（厚さ０.１mm）を載置し、真空加熱炉を用いて約３×１０-3Ｐａの真空中で９６０℃×１０分の加熱をして、接点層６を表面に有する基材２と被接合部材１とがろう付けされた電気接点を得た。 Next, a method for producing electrical contacts (No. 7 and No. 8) in which the base member 2 and the member 1 to be joined 1 are joined by brazing will be described. As the raw material powder, the same Cu—Cr mixed powder and Ag—WC mixed powder as in No. 1 to No. 5 were used. After spraying these mixed powders on the surface of the base material 2 having no through-holes 4 in the same manner as the product of the present invention, the surface is cut by machining to reduce the thickness of the contact layer 6 to about 2 mm. A Cu—Mn—Ni brazing material (thickness: 0.1 mm) is placed between the back surface of the substrate 2 and the flat surface (diameter 12 mm) of the member 1 to be joined, and about 3 × using a vacuum heating furnace. Heating was performed at 960 ° C. for 10 minutes in a vacuum of 10 −3 Pa to obtain an electrical contact in which the base material 2 having the contact layer 6 on the surface and the member 1 to be joined were brazed.
以上のように、本実施例に係る接合構造および製造方法により、接点層６の形成と他の部材との接合が同時に実施され、従来のろう付け法と同様の構造の電気接点が得られることが確認された。なお、本実施例における接点層６の形成には溶射法を用いたが、粉末を衝突させて付着堆積する方法であれば他の方法（例えば爆発圧縮成形など）でも同様の電気接点が得られる。 As described above, according to the joining structure and the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment, the formation of the contact layer 6 and the joining with other members are simultaneously performed, and an electrical contact having the same structure as the conventional brazing method can be obtained. Was confirmed. Although the thermal spraying method is used to form the contact layer 6 in this embodiment, the same electrical contact can be obtained by other methods (for example, explosive compression molding, etc.) as long as it is a method in which powder is collided and deposited. .
実施例１で作製した電気接点３００、４００および８００を用いて、真空遮断器における電流遮断機構部である真空バルブを作製した。図１２は、本実施例に係る真空バルブ５００の構造を示す断面図で、定格仕様は電圧２４ｋＶ、電流１２５０Ａ、遮断電流２５ｋＡである。図１２において、接点層６ａおよび６ｂ、基材２ａおよび２ｂ、被接合部材１ａおよび１ｂをもって、それぞれ３００、４００または８００の固定側電気接点および可動側電気接点を構成する。１０は遮断時の金属蒸気等の飛散を防ぐためにセラミック絶縁筒１６の内面に設けられるシールド、１１は可動側方向への金属蒸気等の飛散を防ぐ可動側シールド、１５はネジ部をもって外部導体と接続するための可動側ホルダー、１２ａ、１２ｂはそれぞれ固定側端板、可動側端板、１３は真空バルブ５００内を真空に保ったまま可動側ホルダー１５を上下させるためのべローズ、１４は可動側端板１２ｂと可動側ホルダー１５の間の摺動部分を支えるためのガイドである。 Using the electrical contacts 300, 400, and 800 produced in Example 1, a vacuum valve that was a current interruption mechanism in a vacuum circuit breaker was produced. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the vacuum valve 500 according to the present embodiment. The rated specifications are a voltage of 24 kV, a current of 1250 A, and a cutoff current of 25 kA. In FIG. 12, the contact layers 6a and 6b, the substrates 2a and 2b, and the joined members 1a and 1b constitute 300, 400, or 800 fixed-side electric contacts and movable-side electric contacts, respectively. 10 is a shield provided on the inner surface of the ceramic insulating cylinder 16 to prevent scattering of metal vapor or the like when shut off, 11 is a movable side shield that prevents scattering of metal vapor or the like in the movable side direction, and 15 is an external conductor having a threaded portion. Movable side holders for connection, 12a and 12b are fixed end plates, movable side end plates, 13 are bellows for moving the movable side holder 15 up and down while the vacuum valve 500 is kept in vacuum, and 14 is movable This is a guide for supporting a sliding portion between the side end plate 12 b and the movable side holder 15.
以上は比較的融点が低いろう材を用いて高真空中で接合され、内部が高真空に封止される。この真空封止ろう付けの方法は、次の通りである。これらの部材を図１２に示す状態で組み上げ、その際、接合を要する箇所に厚さ０.１mmの銀ろう（Ａｇ−Ｃｕ系ろう材）を載置した。これを真空加熱炉中で約３×１０-3Ｐａの真空中、８２０℃×１２分の加熱をし、真空バルブ５００内を真空に保ったまま封止した。 The above is bonded in a high vacuum using a brazing material having a relatively low melting point, and the inside is sealed in a high vacuum. The vacuum sealing brazing method is as follows. These members were assembled in the state shown in FIG. 12, and a silver brazing (Ag—Cu-based brazing material) having a thickness of 0.1 mm was placed at a place where joining was required. This was heated in a vacuum heating furnace in a vacuum of about 3 × 10 −3 Pa at 820 ° C. × 12 minutes, and the vacuum valve 500 was sealed while maintaining the vacuum.
得られた真空バルブ５００の端子間（被接合部材１ａと可動側ホルダー１５の間）の電気抵抗値を測定した結果を、表１に併せて示す。なお、この電気抵抗値は、真空バルブ５００内が真空であることによる自閉力によって接点層６ａおよび６ｂが閉じた（接触した）状態で測定したもので、電気接点３００、４００または８００を構成する各部材間の接合状態の目安となる。従来の接合方法であるろう付けによって作製した電気接点では、接点層６がＣｕ−Ｃｒの場合は１２.６μΩ（Ｎo.７）、Ａｇ−ＷＣの場合は１３.４μΩ（Ｎo.８）であった。これに比べ、図８（ａ）、（ｂ）それぞれの接合構造で作製した電気接点３００、４００または８００を内蔵した本実施例の真空バルブ５００（Ｎo.１〜Ｎo.４、およびＮo.６）は、いずれの接点層６の組成の場合も、ろう付けによって作製したＮo.７およびＮo.８よりも小さな値で、ろう材層を有さないため抵抗が小さい。特に傾斜組成をもつＮo.６は、ろう付けの場合（Ｎo.７）よりも抵抗は約５％小さくなった。図１０（ａ）の構造を有する電気接点８００（Ｎo.５）は、Ｎo.７とＮo.８との間の抵抗値を示した。一方、粒径が本実施例の範囲外である原料粉を用いた比較品の真空バルブ５００（Ｎo.９およびＮo.１０）では、従来のろう付け法によるＮo.７に比べて抵抗値が大きく、原料粉の粒径が大きくなるにつれて抵抗値が大きくなる傾向が見られた。Ｎo.９およびＮo.１０の接点層６および接合部周辺の断面組織を観察したところ気孔が多く見られ、この気孔は原料粉の粒径が大きくなるにつれて増す傾向が見られた。このことから、原料粉の粒径が大きいと接点層６の緻密化が不足し、これが抵抗値増大の要因となる。したがって、原料粉の粒径は本実施例の範囲にあることが望ましいことが確認された。 Table 1 also shows the results of measuring the electrical resistance value between the terminals of the obtained vacuum valve 500 (between the bonded member 1a and the movable side holder 15). The electrical resistance value is measured in a state in which the contact layers 6a and 6b are closed (contacted) by the self-closing force due to the vacuum inside the vacuum valve 500, and constitutes the electrical contact 300, 400 or 800. It becomes a standard of the joining state between each member to do. In the electrical contact produced by brazing, which is a conventional joining method, the contact layer 6 is 12.6 μΩ (No. 7) when Cu—Cr and 13.4 μΩ (No. 8) when Ag—WC. It was. Compared to this, the vacuum valves 500 (No. 1 to No. 4 and No. 6) of the present embodiment incorporating the electrical contacts 300, 400 or 800 produced by the joint structures of FIGS. ) Is a value smaller than No. 7 and No. 8 produced by brazing for any of the contact layer 6 compositions, and has a low resistance because it has no brazing material layer. In particular, No. 6 having a gradient composition has a resistance of about 5% smaller than that of brazing (No. 7). The electrical contact 800 (No. 5) having the structure of FIG. 10A exhibited a resistance value between No. 7 and No. 8. On the other hand, the comparative vacuum valve 500 (No. 9 and No. 10) using the raw material powder whose particle size is outside the range of the present example has a resistance value as compared with No. 7 by the conventional brazing method. The resistance value increased as the particle size of the raw material powder increased. No. 9 and No. 10 contact layer 6 and the cross-sectional structure around the joint were observed. Many pores were observed, and the pores tended to increase as the particle size of the raw material powder increased. For this reason, when the particle size of the raw material powder is large, the contact layer 6 is insufficiently densified, which causes an increase in the resistance value. Therefore, it was confirmed that the particle size of the raw material powder is desirably within the range of this example.
以上のように、本実施例に係る電気接点がろう材を用いることなく健全な接合状態を有し、従来のろう付け法と同等の電気的性能が得られることが確認された。 As described above, it was confirmed that the electrical contact according to the present example has a sound joined state without using a brazing material, and electrical performance equivalent to that of the conventional brazing method can be obtained.
実施例２で作製した真空バルブ５００を、図１３に示す構造の真空遮断器６００に組込んだ。真空遮断器６００は、操作機構部を前面に配置し、背面に真空バルブ５００を支持する３相一括型の３組のエポキシ筒１７を配置した構造である。真空バルブ５００は、絶縁操作ロッド１８を介して、操作機構によって開閉される。遮断器が閉路状態の場合、電流は上部端子１９、電気接点３００、４００または８００、集電子２０、下部端子２１を流れる。電極間の接触力は、絶縁操作ロッド１８に装着された接触バネ２２によって保たれている。電極間の接触力および短絡電流による電磁力は、支えレバー２３およびプロップ２４で保持されている。投入コイル３２を励磁すると開路状態からプランジャ２５がノッキングロッド２６を介してローラ２７を押し上げ、主レバー２８を回して電極間を閉じたあと、支えレバー２３で保持している。遮断器が引き外し自由状態では、引き外しコイル２９が励磁され、引き外しレバー３０がプロップ２４の係合を外し、主レバー２８が回って電極間が開かれる。遮断器が開路状態では、電極間が開かれたあと、リセットバネ３１によってリンクが復帰し、同時にプロップ２４が係合する。この状態で投入コイル３２を励磁すると閉路状態になる。なお、３３は排気筒である。 The vacuum valve 500 produced in Example 2 was incorporated in the vacuum circuit breaker 600 having the structure shown in FIG. The vacuum circuit breaker 600 has a structure in which three sets of three-phase epoxy cylinders 17 supporting the vacuum valve 500 are arranged on the rear surface with the operation mechanism portion arranged on the front surface. The vacuum valve 500 is opened and closed by an operating mechanism via the insulating operating rod 18. When the circuit breaker is closed, current flows through the upper terminal 19, the electrical contacts 300, 400 or 800, the current collector 20, and the lower terminal 21. The contact force between the electrodes is maintained by a contact spring 22 attached to the insulating operation rod 18. The contact force between the electrodes and the electromagnetic force due to the short-circuit current are held by the support lever 23 and the prop 24. When the closing coil 32 is excited, the plunger 25 pushes up the roller 27 through the knocking rod 26 from the open circuit state, rotates the main lever 28 to close the space between the electrodes, and then holds it by the support lever 23. When the circuit breaker is free to be tripped, the tripping coil 29 is excited, the tripping lever 30 is disengaged from the prop 24, and the main lever 28 is rotated to open the electrodes. In the open circuit state of the circuit breaker, after the electrodes are opened, the link is restored by the reset spring 31 and the prop 24 is engaged at the same time. When the closing coil 32 is excited in this state, a closed state is obtained. In addition, 33 is an exhaust pipe.
実施例１で作製した電気接点３００、４００および８００を内蔵した真空バルブ５００を、真空遮断器６００に組込む。この状態で遮断試験に供し、最大遮断電流とさい断電流を測定した結果を表１に併せて示す。本実施例のうち、Ｎo.１〜Ｎo.４およびＮo.６は、従来のろう付けで接合されたＣｕ−Ｃｒ、Ａｇ−ＷＣそれぞれの接点層６を有するＮo.７、Ｎo.８と比べて、最大遮断電流、さい断電流とも同等の値を有し、実用的な性能を有することが確認された。また、複数組成の接点層６および４７を有するＮo.５は、最大遮断電流とさい断電流の値がＮo.７とＮo.８との中間値を示し、遮断性能と低サージ性を併せ持つ電気的特性を有することが確認された。 The vacuum valve 500 incorporating the electrical contacts 300, 400 and 800 produced in Example 1 is incorporated in the vacuum circuit breaker 600. Table 1 also shows the results of measuring the maximum breaking current and the breaking current when subjected to a breaking test in this state. In this example, No. 1 to No. 4 and No. 6 are compared with No. 7 and No. 8 having contact layers 6 of Cu—Cr and Ag—WC joined by conventional brazing. Thus, it was confirmed that the maximum breaking current and the breaking current have the same value and have practical performance. No. 5 having the contact layers 6 and 47 having a plurality of compositions has an intermediate value between No. 7 and No. 8 in terms of the maximum breaking current and the breaking current, and has an electrical property having both breaking performance and low surge characteristics. It was confirmed that it has a characteristic.
続いて、実施例２で作製した真空バルブ５００を、真空遮断器６００以外の真空開閉装置に搭載した。図１４は、実施例２で作製した真空バルブ５００を搭載した負荷開閉器７００である。 Subsequently, the vacuum valve 500 produced in Example 2 was mounted on a vacuum switching device other than the vacuum circuit breaker 600. FIG. 14 shows a load switch 700 equipped with the vacuum valve 500 produced in the second embodiment.
この負荷開閉器は、主回路開閉部に相当する真空バルブ５００が、真空封止された外側真空容器３４内に複数対収納されたものである。外側真空容器３４は、上部板材３５と下部板材３６及び側部板材３７を備え、各板材の周囲（縁）が互いに溶接によって接合されているとともに、設備本体とともに設置されている。 In this load switch, a plurality of pairs of vacuum valves 500 corresponding to main circuit switching units are housed in a vacuum-sealed outer vacuum vessel 34. The outer vacuum vessel 34 includes an upper plate member 35, a lower plate member 36, and a side plate member 37. The periphery (edge) of each plate member is joined to each other by welding and is installed together with the equipment main body.
上部板材３５には、上部貫通孔３８が形成されており、各上部貫通孔３８の縁には環状の絶縁性上部ベース３９が各上部貫通孔３８を覆うように固定されている。そして、各上部ベース３９の中央に形成された円形空間部には、円柱状の可動側電極棒４６ｂが往復動（上下動）自在に挿入されている。すなわち、各上部貫通孔３８は上部ベース３９と可動側電極棒４６ｂによって閉塞されている。 An upper through hole 38 is formed in the upper plate member 35, and an annular insulating upper base 39 is fixed to an edge of each upper through hole 38 so as to cover each upper through hole 38. A cylindrical movable electrode rod 46b is inserted into a circular space formed at the center of each upper base 39 so as to freely reciprocate (up and down). That is, each upper through hole 38 is closed by the upper base 39 and the movable electrode rod 46b.
可動側電極棒４６ｂの軸方向端部（上部側）は、外側真空容器３４の外部に設置される操作器（電磁操作器）に連結されるようになっている。また、上部板材３５の下部側には、各上部貫通孔３８の縁に沿って外側ベローズ４０が往復動（上下動）自在に配置されており、各外側ベローズ４０は、軸方向の一端側が上部板材３５の下部側に固定され、軸方向の他端側が各可動側電極棒４６ｂの外周面に装着されている。すなわち、外側真空容器３４を密閉構造とするために、各上部貫通孔３８の縁には各可動側電極棒４６ｂの軸方向に沿って外側ベローズ４０が配置されている。また、上部板材３５には排気管（図示省略）が連結され、この排気管を介して外側真空容器３４内が真空排気されるようになっている。 The axial end (upper side) of the movable electrode rod 46b is connected to an operating device (electromagnetic operating device) installed outside the outer vacuum vessel 34. Further, on the lower side of the upper plate member 35, an outer bellows 40 is disposed so as to freely reciprocate (up and down) along the edge of each upper through hole 38, and each outer bellows 40 has an upper end on the one end side in the axial direction. It is fixed to the lower side of the plate member 35, and the other end side in the axial direction is attached to the outer peripheral surface of each movable electrode rod 46b. That is, in order to make the outer vacuum vessel 34 have a sealed structure, the outer bellows 40 is disposed along the axial direction of each movable electrode rod 46b at the edge of each upper through hole 38. Further, an exhaust pipe (not shown) is connected to the upper plate member 35, and the inside of the outer vacuum vessel 34 is evacuated through the exhaust pipe.
一方、下部板材３６には下部貫通孔４１が形成されており、各下部貫通孔４１の縁には絶縁性ブッシング４２が各下部貫通孔４１を覆うように固定されている。各絶縁性ブッシング４２の底部には、環状の絶縁性下部ベース４３が固定されている。そして、各下部ベース４３の中央の円形空間部には、円柱状の固定側電極棒４６ａが挿入されている。すなわち、下部板材３６に形成された下部貫通孔４１は、それぞれ絶縁性ブッシング４２、下部ベース４３、及び固定側電極棒４６ａによって閉塞されている。そして、固定側電極棒４６ａの軸方向の一端側（下部側）は、外側真空容器３４の外部に配置されたケーブル（配電線）に連結されるようになっている。 On the other hand, a lower through hole 41 is formed in the lower plate member 36, and an insulating bushing 42 is fixed to an edge of each lower through hole 41 so as to cover each lower through hole 41. An annular insulating lower base 43 is fixed to the bottom of each insulating bushing 42. A cylindrical fixed electrode rod 46 a is inserted into the circular space at the center of each lower base 43. That is, the lower through-holes 41 formed in the lower plate member 36 are closed by the insulating bushing 42, the lower base 43, and the fixed electrode rod 46a, respectively. One end side (lower side) in the axial direction of the fixed electrode rod 46 a is connected to a cable (distribution line) arranged outside the outer vacuum vessel 34.
外側真空容器３４の内部には、負荷開閉器の主回路開閉部に相当する真空バルブ５００が収納されており、各可動側電極棒４６ｂは、２つの湾曲部を有するフレキシブル導体（可撓性導体）４４を介して互いに連結されている。このフレキシブル導体４４は、軸方向において２つの湾曲部を有する導電性板材としての銅板とステンレス板を交互に複数枚積層して構成されている。フレキシブル導体４４には貫通孔４５が形成されており、各貫通孔４５に各可動側電極棒４６ｂを挿入して互いに連結される。 Inside the outer vacuum vessel 34 is housed a vacuum valve 500 corresponding to the main circuit opening / closing portion of the load switch, and each movable electrode bar 46b is a flexible conductor (flexible conductor) having two curved portions. ) 44 to each other. The flexible conductor 44 is configured by alternately laminating a plurality of copper plates and stainless steel plates as conductive plate members having two curved portions in the axial direction. A through hole 45 is formed in the flexible conductor 44, and each movable side electrode rod 46b is inserted into each through hole 45 and connected to each other.
以上のように、実施例２で作製した本発明に係る真空バルブは、真空遮断器や路肩設置変圧器用の負荷開閉器に適用可能であり、これ以外のスイッチギヤなどの各種真空開閉装置にも適用できる。 As described above, the vacuum valve according to the present invention produced in Example 2 can be applied to a load switch for a vacuum circuit breaker or a shoulder mounted transformer, and also to various vacuum switch devices such as switch gears. Applicable.
１、１ａ、１ｂ 被接合部材
２、２ａ、２ｂ 基材
３ 付着堆積層
４、４５ 貫通孔
５ 凸部
６、６ａ、６ｂ 接点層
７ 支持部材
８ ろう材
９ 段差
１０ シールド
１１ 可動側シールド
１２ａ 固定側端板
１２ｂ 可動側端板
１３ べローズ
１４ ガイド
１５ 可動側ホルダー
１６ セラミック絶縁筒
１７ エポキシ筒
１８ 絶縁操作ロッド
１９ 上部端子
２０ 集電子
２１ 下部端子
２２ 接触バネ
２３ 支えレバー
２４ プロップ
２５ プランジャ
２６ ノッキングロッド
２７ ローラ
２８ 主レバー
２９ 引き外しコイル
３０ 引き外しレバー
３１ リセットバネ
３２ 投入コイル
３３ 排気筒
３４ 外側真空容器
３５ 上部板材
３６ 下部板材
３７ 側部板材
３８ 上部貫通孔
３９ 上部ベース
４０ 外側ベローズ
４１ 下部貫通孔
４２ 絶縁性ブッシング
４３ 下部ベース
４４ フレキシブル導体
４６ａ 固定側電極棒
４６ｂ 可動側電極棒
４７ 第２の接点層（接点層）
４８ 第３の接点層（接点層）
４９ 通電部材
１００、２００、３００、４００、８００、９００、１０００、１２００ 電気接点
５００ 真空バルブ
６００ 真空遮断器
７００ 負荷開閉器
１１００ 銅網上に形成した接点層（接点層）
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b Joined member 2, 2a, 2b Base material 3 Adhesion deposition layer 4, 45 Through-hole 5 Protrusion part 6, 6a, 6b Contact layer 7 Support member 8 Brazing material 9 Step 10 Shield 11 Movable side shield 12a Fixed Side end plate 12b Movable side end plate 13 Bellows 14 Guide 15 Movable side holder 16 Ceramic insulating cylinder 17 Epoxy cylinder 18 Insulating operation rod 19 Upper terminal 20 Current collector 21 Lower terminal 22 Contact spring 23 Support lever 24 Prop 25 Plunger 26 Knocking rod 27 Roller 28 Main lever 29 Trip coil 30 Trip lever 31 Reset spring 32 Input coil 33 Exhaust tube 34 Outer vacuum vessel 35 Upper plate member 36 Lower plate member 37 Side plate member 38 Upper through hole 39 Upper base 40 Outer bellows 41 Lower through hole 42 Insulating bushing 43 Lower base 44 Flexible Body 46a fixed side electrode rod 46b movable electrode rod 47 a second contact layer (contact layer)
48 Third contact layer (contact layer)
49 Current-carrying member 100, 200, 300, 400, 800, 900, 1000, 1200 Electrical contact 500 Vacuum valve 600 Vacuum circuit breaker 700 Load switch 1100 Contact layer (contact layer) formed on a copper mesh
Claims (10)
前記第１部材の上に設けられた第２部材と、
金属を含む粉末を前記第１部材と前記第２部材との双方にわたって付着堆積させ、熱的・機械的合金化により前記第１部材と前記第２部材とを接合する接点層とを備え、
前記第２部材を貫通する前記第１部材または前記第２部材を貫通する前記接点層が前記第２部材と嵌合形状である接合構造を形成し、
前記第２部材の一面と前記第１部材の端部とが、前記接合構造で接合されることを特徴とする電気接点。 A first member;
A second member provided on the first member;
A contact layer that deposits and deposits a metal-containing powder over both the first member and the second member, and joins the first member and the second member by thermal and mechanical alloying;
The first member penetrating the second member or the contact layer penetrating the second member forms a joint structure with the second member;
One surface of the second member and an end of the first member are joined by the joining structure.
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| JP2013227832A JP5668123B2 (en) | 2013-11-01 | 2013-11-01 | Junction structure, electrical contact |
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| JP2011210080A Division JP5409739B2 (en) | 2011-09-27 | 2011-09-27 | Junction structure, electrical contact, and manufacturing method thereof |
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| JP2014089959A JP2014089959A (en) | 2014-05-15 |
| JP5668123B2 true JP5668123B2 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4530815A (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1985-07-23 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of producing a contact device for a switch |
| TW265452B (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1995-12-11 | Hitachi Seisakusyo Kk | |
| JP2000235825A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Electrode member for vacuum circuit-breaker and manufacture thereof |
| CN1425196A (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2003-06-18 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Conductive interconnections |
| JP4455066B2 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2010-04-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Electrical contact member, method of manufacturing the same, vacuum valve and vacuum circuit breaker using the same |
| US20100170937A1 (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2010-07-08 | General Electric Company | System and Method of Joining Metallic Parts Using Cold Spray Technique |
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