JP5645536B2 - Annular disk molding material, annular disk molding method and mold - Google Patents

Annular disk molding material, annular disk molding method and mold Download PDF

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JP5645536B2
JP5645536B2 JP2010178668A JP2010178668A JP5645536B2 JP 5645536 B2 JP5645536 B2 JP 5645536B2 JP 2010178668 A JP2010178668 A JP 2010178668A JP 2010178668 A JP2010178668 A JP 2010178668A JP 5645536 B2 JP5645536 B2 JP 5645536B2
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oval
cam
annular disk
pair
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JP2012035305A5 (en
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浩由 山川
浩由 山川
正道 三輪
正道 三輪
克代 福本
克代 福本
隼人 星
隼人 星
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Unipres Corp
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Unipres Corp
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Description

この発明は自動車の自動変速機のクラッチパックに使用されるリテーニングプレート等に成形するための環状円板に成形するための素材並びに環状円板成形方法及びその成形のための金型に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a material for forming an annular disk for forming a retaining plate or the like used in a clutch pack of an automatic transmission of an automobile, an annular disk forming method, and a mold for forming the same. is there.

自動車の自動変速機のクラッチパックに使用されるリテーニングプレートは円形環状をなし、通常は金属板材（シート材若しくはコイル材）から円環形状の素材を打抜き、外周若しくは内周のスプラインを成形することで製造している。しかしながら、平板からの円環形状の素材の打抜きはスクラップを大量に生じ、金属板材のコストが上がっている現状ではリテーニングプレートのコストもそれに伴って嵩んでしまう問題がある。   A retaining plate used for a clutch pack of an automatic transmission of an automobile has a circular ring shape. Usually, an annular material is punched from a metal plate material (sheet material or coil material) to form an outer peripheral or inner peripheral spline. It is manufactured by. However, the punching of the annular material from the flat plate generates a large amount of scrap, and there is a problem that the cost of the retaining plate increases with the increase in the cost of the metal plate material.

そこで、円環形状部材の製造方法として、金属線材をリング状にカール成形後、端面同士を溶接することで、円環形状に成形したり（特許文献１）、円弧状に分割された素材をプレス打抜き、溶接により円環形状に一体化することが提案されている。
特開２０００−４２６４７号公報 Therefore, as a method of manufacturing an annular member, after curling a metal wire into a ring shape, the end faces are welded together to form an annular shape (Patent Document 1), or a material divided into an arc shape. It has been proposed to be integrated into an annular shape by press punching and welding.
JP 2000-42647 A

金属線材をカール成形後の溶接構造やプレス打抜きされた円弧状分割素材の溶接構造はスクラップを少なくし材料の歩留まりを高めることはできるが、溶接構造の採用は接合部の強度・品質の管理が難しくコスト増の原因となる。また、溶接設備及び溶接部のバリ取り装置が必須で、この点でもコストが嵩む結果となる。また溶接部の存在は自動車の自動変速機のクラッチパックにおいてリテーニングプレートに使用した場合、摩擦材の偏磨耗の懸念があり、また、スプラインの精度確保が困難になる問題がある。   Welding structure after curl forming of metal wire and press-punched arc-shaped segmented material can reduce scrap and increase material yield, but the use of welding structure can control the strength and quality of joints. Difficult to cause cost increase. Moreover, the welding equipment and the deburring device for the welded portion are essential, and this also results in increased costs. In addition, the presence of the welded part causes a problem of uneven wear of the friction material when used as a retaining plate in a clutch pack of an automatic transmission of an automobile, and there is a problem that it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the spline.

本発明は以上の問題点に鑑みなされたものであり、板材のスクラップ量を削減することができかつ高精度製品の製造に支障がないようにすることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the scrap amount of plate materials and to prevent the production of high-precision products.

この発明の環状円板成形用素材は金属板材より環状にプレス打抜きされ、内外周で長円形をなし、塑性加工により内外周で円形に成形される。   The material for forming an annular disk of the present invention is press-punched annularly from a metal plate material, has an oval shape at the inner and outer periphery, and is formed into a circle at the inner and outer periphery by plastic working.

長環状円板からの環状円板の成形は塑性加工により行われ、内外周で長円形の環状で板状の素材に素材平面に平行に長円形における短径において内周より半径外方に離間方向に外力を付与すると同時に長円形における長径において半径内方にフリーとし、これにより素材を内外周で円形を呈するべく塑性変形に至らしめる。長円形から円形への素材の塑性変形と同時に上下面間では材料の逃げを阻止することができる。また、長円形から円形への素材の塑性変形の際に素材の外周をガイドすることができる。   Molding of the annular disk from the elliptical disk is performed by plastic working, and it is separated from the inner circumference to the outer radius at the minor axis of the ellipse in parallel with the material plane in the shape of an oval annular plate-like material on the inner and outer circumferences. At the same time, an external force is applied in the direction, and at the same time, the inner diameter of the ellipse becomes free in the radial direction, thereby causing the material to undergo plastic deformation so as to exhibit a circular shape on the inner and outer circumferences. The material can be prevented from escaping between the upper and lower surfaces simultaneously with the plastic deformation of the material from an oval to a circle. Further, the outer periphery of the material can be guided when the material is plastically deformed from an oval shape to a circular shape.

この成形方法のための金型は、素材の長円形における短径に沿って離間方向に移動可能に一対配置され、各々が素材の載置面と、載置面より起立し、素材の長円形における短径内周に当接し、最終的に成形すべき円環の内径に相当する外周円弧面を備えた成形部とを備えたカム従動体と、カム従動体にカム係合することによりカム従動体を離間方向に移動させるカムとからなる。金型は、更に、素材の載置面との間で素材の上下方向の逃げを阻止する押さえ部及び素材の塑性変形中に素材の長円形における長径外周を案内する案内部を更に備えることができる。   The molds for this forming method are arranged in a pair so as to be movable in the separation direction along the minor axis of the oval of the material, each standing from the placing surface of the material and the oval of the material A cam follower having an outer peripheral arc surface corresponding to the inner diameter of the annular to be molded, and a cam follower cam-engaged with the cam follower It consists of a cam that moves the follower in the separating direction. The mold further includes a pressing portion that prevents the material from moving up and down between the material mounting surface and a guide portion that guides the outer circumference of the long diameter of the material during the plastic deformation of the material. it can.

この発明によれば、環状円板成形用素材は内外周で長円形であり、板材からのプレス打抜きの際に素材をより密接して打抜くことが可能であり、スクラップの減少を実現することができる。そして、塑性加工により長円形から円形への成形を行っており、溶接が行われないことから加工後の製品の精度を高めることができる。そして、殆ど一度の塑性加工で長円形から円形の成形を行うことができ、加工コストを下げることができる。   According to this invention, the material for forming an annular disk is oblong on the inner and outer circumferences, and it is possible to punch the material more closely at the time of press punching from a plate material, thereby realizing a reduction in scrap. Can do. And since the shaping | molding from an oval to a circle is performed by plastic working and welding is not performed, the precision of the product after a process can be improved. In addition, from the oval shape to the circular shape can be performed by almost once plastic working, and the processing cost can be reduced.

図１はこの発明の長円形素材の、板材からのプレス打抜き状態を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a view showing a press-punched state of an oval material according to the present invention from a plate material. 図２は従来の円形素材の、板材からのプレス打抜き状態を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a view showing a press-punched state of a conventional circular material from a plate material. 図３は上下型が離間状態におけるこの発明の金型を備えたプレス機の縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a press machine provided with the mold of the present invention in a state where the upper and lower molds are separated from each other. 図４は図３の金型における下型の平面図であり、（イ）は素材の加工開始状態を示し、（ロ）は環状円板に塑性加工が完了した状態を示す。FIG. 4 is a plan view of the lower mold in the mold of FIG. 3, (a) shows the material starting state of processing, and (b) shows the state where plastic processing is completed on the annular disk. 図５は図３のＶ−Ｖ線に沿った矢視断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 図６は図３のVI−VI線に沿った矢視断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 図７は図３のVII−VII線に沿った矢視断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 図８は図３のVIII−VIII線に沿った矢視断面図である。8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 図９は図３のIX−IX線に沿った矢視断面図である。9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 図１０は図３のプレス機による素材の塑性加工の段階（ａ）−（ｄ）を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing stages (a) to (d) of plastic processing of the material by the pressing machine of FIG. 図１１は塑性加工により長環状円板より環状円板に成形する際に素材の外周を案内する窪みの形状を説明する図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the shape of a recess for guiding the outer periphery of a material when forming an annular disk from an elongated annular disk by plastic working. 図１２は下型及び下型に載置された素材を示す斜視図であり、（イ）は加工開始時を示し、（ロ）は加工終了時を示す。FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the lower mold and the material placed on the lower mold, where (A) shows the start of processing and (B) shows the end of processing. 図１３はこの発明の環状円板成形用素材における長円形の別形態をそれぞれ（ａ）（ｂ）に示す。FIG. 13 shows (a) and (b) different oval shapes in the annular disk forming material of the present invention.

図１は金属板材よりプレス打抜きされる素材１０を示しており、素材１０は上下面は平坦であり、内外周が相似同芯な長円形（板幅Ｄ）をなし、素材１０は塑性加工により自動車の自動変速機のクラッチパックに使用されるリテーニングプレート等のための上下面平坦で内外周が同芯の円形（図２と同様な形状）に成形される。本発明の長円形の素材１０は短径に沿ってくびれ部10-1を有し、長径に沿った部位10-2は円弧形状をなしている。図２は従来のプレスからの打抜き素材１０´を示し、プレス打抜き形状は最初から内外で同芯の円形（板幅Ｄ）をなしており、板材からの打抜きの際のスクラップ量が多い問題があったが、本発明ではプレス打抜き時の素材１０の形状は長円形とすることで板材からの素材のプレス打抜き時のスクラップ発生を抑え、素材コストが大幅に軽減され、円形に塑性加工するための付加工程及び設備による幾分のコスト増があっても、トータルの製品コストは従来法（図２）と比較して軽減することが可能である。   FIG. 1 shows a material 10 that is stamped from a metal plate material. The material 10 has a flat top and bottom surface, and has an inner and outer peripheries that are similar concentric oval (plate width D). It is formed into a circular shape (similar to that shown in FIG. 2) with a flat upper and lower surfaces and a concentric inner and outer periphery for a retaining plate used for a clutch pack of an automatic transmission of an automobile. The oval material 10 of the present invention has a constricted portion 10-1 along the minor axis, and a portion 10-2 along the major axis has an arc shape. FIG. 2 shows a punching material 10 'from a conventional press, and the press punching shape is a concentric circle (sheet width D) from the inside to the outside, and there is a problem that the amount of scrap when punching from a plate material is large. However, in the present invention, the shape of the material 10 at the time of punching is made oval to suppress the generation of scrap when the material is punched from the plate material, the material cost is greatly reduced, and plastic processing is performed into a circle. The total product cost can be reduced compared with the conventional method (FIG. 2) even if there is a slight increase in cost due to the additional process and equipment.

次に、図１の素材１０を塑性加工下で円形に成形する金型の構造について説明すると、図３において、１２はプレス機械の下側ダイホルダ、１４はプレス機械の上側ダイホルダを示す。この発明の金型は下型１６と上型１８とから成る。   Next, the structure of a mold for forming the material 10 of FIG. 1 into a circular shape under plastic working will be described. In FIG. 3, 12 represents a lower die holder of the press machine, and 14 represents an upper die holder of the press machine. The mold according to the present invention comprises a lower mold 16 and an upper mold 18.

下型１６はダイプレート１９と、カム２２と、一対のガイドブロック２４（図３にはその一方のみ、図６には両側にて示す）と、一対のカム従動体２６とを備える。ダイプレート１９はダイクッションロッド２０の上端に固定され、下側ダイホルダ１２の上面の窪み１２Ａに案内されることで昇降する。カム２２は矩形の断面形状をなし（図８及び図９）、下側ダイホルダ１２の窪み１２Ａの底面中央部に直立固定される。一対のガイドブロック２４は、各々がダイプレート１９上に固定され、図３の紙面に直交する方向に平行に離間して配置される。一対のカム従動体２６は一対のガイドブロック２４間に配置され、ダイプレート１９上を離間方向に移動する。一対のガイドブロック２４間に図３の紙面と平行な案内路２５（図４（イ）も参照）が形成され、カム従動体２６は案内路２５に沿って図３の左右（図４（イ）の矢印ｆ方向）に移動する。案内路２５に沿ってカム従動体２６の移動を案内するため、カム従動体２６は下端に案内突起26-1を備え、案内突起26-1はガイドブロック２４の案内溝24-1に係合する（図６）。カム２２は上端が断面山形をなし、図３の紙面に直交方向に延びる一対のカム駆動面22-1（図１２（イ）（ロ）も参照）を形成し、他方、一体のカム従動体２６の各々は対向したカムのカム駆動面22-1に相補的なカム従動面26-2を備え、対向したカム駆動面22-1とカム従動面26-2とは面接しており、カム２２がダイプレート１９に対して相対的に上昇することにより、カム２により図３の左右のカム従動体２６は図３及び図１２（イ）の初期状態からダイプレート１９上を左右に離間するように図１２（ロ）のフルストローク状態まで駆動され、これにより、後述のように塑性変形下での素材１０の成形が行われる。   The lower mold 16 includes a die plate 19, a cam 22, a pair of guide blocks 24 (only one of them is shown in FIG. 3 and shown on both sides in FIG. 6), and a pair of cam followers 26. The die plate 19 is fixed to the upper end of the die cushion rod 20 and moves up and down by being guided by the recess 12 </ b> A on the upper surface of the lower die holder 12. The cam 22 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape (FIGS. 8 and 9), and is fixed upright at the center of the bottom surface of the recess 12A of the lower die holder 12. Each of the pair of guide blocks 24 is fixed on the die plate 19 and is spaced apart in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. The pair of cam followers 26 are disposed between the pair of guide blocks 24 and move on the die plate 19 in the separating direction. A guide path 25 (see also FIG. 4 (a)) parallel to the paper surface of FIG. 3 is formed between the pair of guide blocks 24, and the cam follower 26 extends along the guide path 25 on the left and right sides of FIG. ) In the direction of arrow f). In order to guide the movement of the cam follower 26 along the guide path 25, the cam follower 26 is provided with a guide protrusion 26-1 at the lower end, and the guide protrusion 26-1 is engaged with the guide groove 24-1 of the guide block 24. (FIG. 6). The upper end of the cam 22 has a mountain shape in cross section, and forms a pair of cam drive surfaces 22-1 (see also FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (B)) extending in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. Each of the cams 26 has a cam driven surface 26-2 complementary to the cam drive surface 22-1 of the opposing cam, and the cam drive surface 22-1 and the cam driven surface 26-2 that face each other are in contact with each other. 3 rises relative to the die plate 19 so that the left and right cam followers 26 in FIG. 3 are separated from each other on the die plate 19 from the initial state in FIGS. In this way, it is driven to the full stroke state of FIG. 12 (b), whereby the material 10 is molded under plastic deformation as will be described later.

図４（イ）に示すように、ガイドブロック２４はカム従動体２６を挟んでカム従動体２６の移動方向（矢印ｆ）を挟んで両側に位置している。ガイドブロック２４はその上面に略３角形の窪み24-2（素材外周案内部）を形成し、カム従動体２６を挟んだ一対のガイドブロック２４間で窪み24-2は３角形状が底辺側にて向き合うように配置される。窪み24-2の深さは素材１０の厚みに拮抗しており（図１２（イ）も参照）、図４（イ）に示すように、素材１０の長径の両側は夫々のガイドブロック２４上の窪み24-2に載置収容され、この状態においては、素材１０は外周の４点（図１１のＰ２）において窪み24-2の側壁面に当接若しくは微小隙間で位置するようになっている。一方、素材１０は長円形の長軸方向では内周ではフリーであり、長円形から円形への塑性変形を可能とする。カム従動体２６はその上面に一体に成形部２７を備える。各成形部２７は図４（イ）に示すように上面側より見た形状は円弧を弦で結んだ形状をなし、成形部２７はカム従動体２６より素材１０の肉厚相当分突出している（図３及び図１２（イ）参照）。そして、図４（イ）に示すように、初期状態（加工開始時）では一対のカム従動体２６間で成形部２７はその弦が合わさるように配置され、かつ外周２７Ａにおいて素材１０の直径対立位置における短径内周に当接している。成形部２７の外周の円弧形状は、後述のように、塑性加工により長環状円板から環状円板に成形したときの内周側の円形における曲率と同一の曲率となっている。そして、後述のように、塑性加工の開始に先立ち、素材１０はその長径側の直径対向位置でガイドブロック２４の窪み24-2に載置され、素材１０はその外周が４点で窪み24-2の直立側壁面に当接され（又は素材の投入の円滑のため後述のように些少の隙間が残され）、他方、素材１０はその内周が短径側の直径対立位置で成形部２７の外周面２７Ａに当接する。そして、一対のカム従動体２６を短径に沿って離間方向に移動させることによって、カム従動体２６による素材１０は長環状円板から環状円板への塑性加工が行われる。 As shown in FIG. 4A, the guide blocks 24 are located on both sides of the cam follower 26 with the moving direction (arrow f) of the cam follower 26 in between. The guide block 24 has a substantially triangular depression 24-2 (material outer periphery guide portion) formed on the upper surface thereof, and the depression 24-2 has a triangular shape between the pair of guide blocks 24 with the cam follower 26 sandwiched therebetween. Arranged so as to face each other. The depth of the indentation 24-2 is antagonistic to the thickness of the material 10 (see also FIG. 12 (a)), and as shown in FIG. 4 (a), both sides of the major diameter of the material 10 are on the respective guide blocks 24. In this state, the material 10 comes into contact with the side wall surface of the depression 24-2 or is positioned with a minute gap at four points on the outer periphery (P 2 in FIG. 11). ing. On the other hand, the material 10 is free in the inner circumference in the major axis direction of the oval, and enables plastic deformation from an oval to a circle. The cam follower 26 is integrally provided with a molding portion 27 on its upper surface. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), each molded part 27 has a shape obtained by connecting circular arcs with strings, and the molded part 27 protrudes from the cam follower 26 by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the material 10. (See FIGS. 3 and 12 (a)). As shown in FIG. 4 (a), in the initial state (at the start of processing), the forming portion 27 is disposed between the pair of cam followers 26 so that their strings are aligned, and the diameter 10 of the material 10 is opposed to the outer periphery 27A. It contacts the inner circumference of the minor axis at the position. As will be described later, the arc shape of the outer periphery of the forming portion 27 has the same curvature as the curvature of the inner circular shape when the long circular disk is formed into an annular disk by plastic working. As will be described later, prior to the start of plastic working, the material 10 is placed in the depression 24-2 of the guide block 24 at a position opposite to the diameter of the longer diameter side, and the material 10 has a depression 24- 2 is abutted against the upright side wall surface (or a slight gap is left as will be described later for smooth introduction of the material). On the other hand, the material 10 has a molded portion 27 whose inner periphery is at a diameter opposite position on the short diameter side. Abuts on the outer peripheral surface 27A. Then, by moving the pair of cam followers 26 in the separating direction along the minor axis, the material 10 by the cam followers 26 is plastically processed from an elongated annular disk to an annular disk.

図３において、上型１８はダイプレート３０と、ダイプレート３０の下面に固定され、図３の紙面に直交する方向に離間して一対設けられたガイドブロック３２と、一対のガイドブロック３２間の案内路３４を図３の紙面に平行に左右に離間方向に移動されるカムスライド３６とからなる。カムスライド３６はカム従動面36-1を備え、後述のように長環状円板から環状円板への塑性加工の終了段階のやや手前において、カム２２の駆動面22-1がカム従動面36-1に当接することによりカムスライド３６は図３の状態から離間方向に駆動され、所望ストロークまでのカム２２の相対移動を許容する。カムスライド３６のこのような移動を案内するため、カムスライド３６は上端に案内突起36-2を備え、案内突起36-2はガイドブロック３２の案内溝32-1に係合する（図７）。カムスライド３６とガイドブロック３２とはその下面が面一であり、これも面一をなすガイドブロック２４とカム従動体２６との上面２６Ａとの間で塑性加工中の素材の上下の逃げを拘束する役目を果たすことになる。   3, the upper mold 18 is fixed to the die plate 30 and the lower surface of the die plate 30, and a pair of guide blocks 32 provided apart from each other in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. The guide path 34 is composed of a cam slide 36 that is moved in the left-right direction parallel to the paper surface of FIG. The cam slide 36 is provided with a cam driven surface 36-1, and the drive surface 22-1 of the cam 22 is connected to the cam driven surface 36 just before the end of the plastic processing from the long annular disk to the annular disk as will be described later. The cam slide 36 is driven in the separation direction from the state of FIG. 3 by abutting -1 to allow relative movement of the cam 22 up to a desired stroke. In order to guide such movement of the cam slide 36, the cam slide 36 is provided with a guide protrusion 36-2 at the upper end, and the guide protrusion 36-2 engages with the guide groove 32-1 of the guide block 32 (FIG. 7). . The lower surfaces of the cam slide 36 and the guide block 32 are flush with each other, and the upper and lower surfaces 26A of the cam follower 26 and the guide block 24 that are flush with each other also restrain the vertical escape of the material during plastic working. Will play a role.

以上説明した金型による素材の塑性加工について説明すると、塑性加工開始前には図３に示すようにダイクッションロッド２０は上方に延出位置され、ダイプレート１９は上昇位置する。また、図３の左右のカム従動体２６は対向面で当接し、この当接面は金型中心線Ｌと一致している。また、上型１８の左右のカムスライド３６については対向端縁は当接し、この当接部も金型中心線Ｌ（図３）上にある。図４（イ）に示すように、素材１０は長径に沿った両端部の夫々がガイドブロック２４の窪み24-2上に載置される。カム従動体２６はその上面２６Ａが窪み24-2の底面と面一であり（図１２参照）、素材１０を安定載置することができる。そして、カム従動体２６と一体の成形部２７は素材の肉厚分だけ面２６Ａより突出し、成形部２７の外周円弧面２７Ａは素材１０の短径に沿った内周に当接している。また、上側ダイホルダ１４は上昇位置している。   Explaining the plastic working of the material using the mold described above, before the plastic working is started, the die cushion rod 20 is extended upward as shown in FIG. 3, and the die plate 19 is raised. Further, the left and right cam followers 26 in FIG. 3 abut against each other on the opposing surface, and the abutment surface coincides with the mold center line L. Further, the opposite end edges of the left and right cam slides 36 of the upper die 18 are in contact with each other, and this contact portion is also on the mold center line L (FIG. 3). As shown in FIG. 4A, the material 10 is placed on the depression 24-2 of the guide block 24 at both ends along the major axis. The cam follower 26 has an upper surface 26A that is flush with the bottom surface of the depression 24-2 (see FIG. 12), and can stably place the material 10 thereon. The molding portion 27 integral with the cam follower 26 protrudes from the surface 26A by the thickness of the material, and the outer circumferential arc surface 27A of the molding portion 27 is in contact with the inner circumference along the minor axis of the material 10. Further, the upper die holder 14 is in the raised position.

図１０はこの発明の金型による素材の塑性加工の段階（ａ）−（ｄ）を示す。（ａ）は図３に一致する初期状態を示し、素材１０はカム従動体２６上載置され、成形部２７は素材１０に短径部内周に当接し、長径部両端はガイドブロック２４の窪み24-2上に載置され、素材１０の外周縁は窪み24-2の直立壁面24-2A（図１２）に当接する。上側ダイホルダ１４を図４（ａ）の状態から下降させて行き、図４（ｂ）では上型カムスライド３６の下面３６Ａ及びこれと面一のガイドブロック３２（図３）の下面３２Ａ（カムスライド３６の下面３６Ａとで本発明の押え部を構成する）が素材１０の上面と当接する。すなわち、素材１０は下面では面一にあるカム従動体２６の上面２６Ａとガイドブロック２４の窪み24-1上に載置され、成形部２７はこの面一面から素材１０の肉厚分***しており、そのため、下側の面一面と上側の面一面との間に素材１０の丁度肉厚分が残されるのみとなり、塑性加工中の素材の上下方向への逃げが阻止され、加工中に素材１０は平板状態を維持することができる。   FIG. 10 shows the steps (a) to (d) of plastic working of the material by the mold of the present invention. 3A shows an initial state corresponding to FIG. 3. The material 10 is placed on the cam follower 26, the molding part 27 abuts the material 10 on the inner periphery of the short diameter part, and both ends of the long diameter part are the depressions 24 of the guide block 24. The outer peripheral edge of the material 10 is in contact with the upright wall surface 24-2A (FIG. 12) of the depression 24-2. The upper die holder 14 is lowered from the state of FIG. 4A. In FIG. 4B, the lower surface 36A of the upper cam slide 36 and the lower surface 32A (cam slide) of the guide block 32 (FIG. 3) flush with the upper die The lower surface 36A of 36 forms the presser portion of the present invention) and comes into contact with the upper surface of the material 10. That is, the material 10 is placed on the upper surface 26A of the cam follower 26 which is flush with the lower surface and the recess 24-1 of the guide block 24, and the molding portion 27 is raised from the entire surface by the thickness of the material 10. Therefore, only the thickness of the material 10 is left between the lower surface and the upper surface, and the material is prevented from escaping in the vertical direction during plastic processing. 10 can maintain a flat plate state.

図１０（ｃ）において上側ダイホルダ１４の下降が更に進むと、ダイプレート１９はカム２２に対して下降する。このような下降は図示しない油圧機構によりダイクッションロッド２０に加わる上方付勢力に抗してダイプレート１９及びこれに固定されるガイドブロック２４を下降させ、その結果、カム２２によってカム従動体２６はガイドブロック２４間を左右に離間方向（図４（イ）の矢印ｆ方向）に移動させる。このようなカム従動体２６の移動により、素材の短軸に沿った内周面に外周が当接する成形部２７は素材の短径部を直径に沿って外方に変形に至らしめる。他方、素材１０の長軸部は内周側には規制がないため、窪み24-2により外周を規制・案内されながら半径内方に変形してゆく。図１０（ｄ）は上側ダイホルダ１４のフルストローク状態を示し、ダイクッションロッド２０の更なる下降によって、カム２２のカム面はカム従動体２６を完全に突き抜け、カムスライド３６に当接してこれを左右に離間させ、カム従動体２６に対するカム２２のフルストロークを許容する。図４（ロ）はフルストローク状態での成形部２７の位置を示し、成形部２７の外周円弧面２７Ａは全周で素材１０の内周に当接し、素材は円形に成形される。また、素材１０の外周は窪み24-2の直立面24-2Aに最内側位置にて当接している（図１２（ロ）も参照）。窪み24-2はその直立面24-2Aによって成形部２７を短軸離間方向において素材内周に係合状態で拡開させることによる素材の長円形から円形への塑性加工の過程において素材の外周を案内・規制する形状となっている。図１１は窪み24-2の形状如何について説明するもので、素材１０は塑性変形により長円形から円形に形成される。塑性加工前の長円形素材の内周をＡＩにて、外周をＡＯにて表し、塑性加工後の円形素材の内周をＢＩにて、外周をＢＯにて表す。周長としては、塑性加工前の長円形素材の内周ＡＩ＝塑性加工後の円形素材の内周ＢＩ＝πφＩであり、塑性加工前の外周ＡＯ＝塑性加工後の円形素材の外周ＢＯ＝πφＯとすることができる。即ち、この場合は、素材は長円形から円形への塑性変形の過程で内径も外周も周長は一定である。しかしながら、塑性加工前後で内周及び外周の双方を必ずしも一致させなくても、内周若しくは外周の一方のみを一致させるようにしても良い。そして、円形への塑性変形の完了状態において、素材の外周部に一致するように窪み24-2の直立面24-2Aに対する素材当接部ｐ１（４点）の形状（曲線形状）は決められる。そして、塑性加工前の素材に接線を構成するように素材の当接部位ｐ２（４点）に惹かれた接線が窪み24-2における素材当接部（３角形の斜辺）の形状となる。このような形状により長円形から円形への塑性変形の全過程で素材の外周のスムースな案内が可能となる。尚、部位ｐ２においては塑性加工開始に先立っての素材の投入を容易とするため、適当な隙間を持たせることが可能である。 In FIG. 10C, when the lowering of the upper die holder 14 further proceeds, the die plate 19 is lowered with respect to the cam 22. Such lowering lowers the die plate 19 and the guide block 24 fixed thereto against the upward biasing force applied to the die cushion rod 20 by a hydraulic mechanism (not shown). As a result, the cam follower 26 is moved by the cam 22. The guide blocks 24 are moved left and right in the separation direction (the direction of the arrow f in FIG. 4A). By such movement of the cam follower 26, the molding part 27 whose outer periphery abuts on the inner peripheral surface along the short axis of the material causes the short diameter part of the material to be deformed outward along the diameter. On the other hand, since the long axis portion of the material 10 is not restricted on the inner circumference side, the outer circumference is deformed inwardly while being regulated and guided by the depression 24-2. FIG. 10 (d) shows the full stroke state of the upper die holder 14. As the die cushion rod 20 is further lowered, the cam surface of the cam 22 completely penetrates the cam follower 26 and abuts against the cam slide 36. The full stroke of the cam 22 with respect to the cam follower 26 is allowed by separating the left and right sides. FIG. 4B shows the position of the forming portion 27 in the full stroke state. The outer peripheral circular arc surface 27A of the forming portion 27 contacts the inner periphery of the material 10 on the entire periphery, and the material is formed in a circular shape. Further, the outer periphery of the material 10 is in contact with the upright surface 24-2A of the depression 24-2 at the innermost position (see also FIG. 12 (B)). The depression 24-2 has an upright surface 24-2A, and the outer periphery of the material in the course of plastic processing from an oval to a circle of the material by expanding the molding portion 27 in an engaged state with the inner periphery of the material in the short axis separation direction. It has a shape that guides and regulates. FIG. 11 illustrates the shape of the depression 24-2, and the material 10 is formed from an oval shape to a circular shape by plastic deformation. Before plastic working the inner periphery of the oval material in A I, it represents the outer periphery at A O, the inner periphery of the circular material after plastic working at B I, representing the outer circumference at B O. As the perimeter, the inner circumference A I of the oval material before plastic working is equal to the inner circumference B I = πφ I of the round material after plastic working, and the outer circumference A O before the plastic working is equal to the circular material after plastic working. The outer circumference B O = πφ O. That is, in this case, the circumference of the material is constant both in the inner diameter and in the outer circumference in the process of plastic deformation from an oval to a circle. However, it is possible to match only one of the inner periphery and the outer periphery without necessarily matching both the inner periphery and the outer periphery before and after the plastic working. Then, in the state of completion of plastic deformation into a circle, the shape (curved shape) of the material contact portion p 1 (four points) with respect to the upright surface 24-2A of the depression 24-2 is determined so as to coincide with the outer peripheral portion of the material. It is done. And the tangent line attracted to the contact part p 2 (4 points) of the material so as to form a tangent line to the material before plastic working becomes the shape of the material contact part (triangular hypotenuse) in the depression 24-2. . Such a shape enables smooth guidance of the outer periphery of the material in the entire process of plastic deformation from an oval to a circle. In the sites p 2 to facilitate the insertion of material prior to plastic working start, it is possible to provide an appropriate clearance.

素材１０から円形形状への塑性変形は金型１段でも可能（必要あればトリミングを行う）であるが、塑性加工の精度を高めるため金型を２段としても良い。   Plastic deformation from the material 10 into a circular shape is possible even with one stage of the mold (trimming is performed if necessary), but two stages of molds may be used in order to increase the accuracy of plastic working.

素材１０の形状要件について説明すると、長径部位10-2（図１）は円弧形状をなし、長径部位10-2は塑性変形により円形に広げていることから、その内径は最終的な円形加工品の内径より小さいが、長径部位10-2の内径が小さすぎると最終的円形状のいびつの度合いが大きくなってしまうので適当な大きさに設定する。長径部位10-2の内径の適値は素材如何でも異なるが、この辺りは試行錯誤も含めて適値が得られるように決定する必要がある。素材１０の短径部位10-1は成形部２７による変形規制部位であるため形状の自由度は大きいが、長径部位10-2と滑らかに繋がった形状になっていることが好ましい。当然のことであるが、長径部位10-2は成形部２７によって拡開されることから、内径としては成形部２７が入り得るような設定となっている。   The shape requirement of the material 10 will be explained. Since the long diameter portion 10-2 (FIG. 1) has an arc shape and the long diameter portion 10-2 is expanded into a circle by plastic deformation, the inner diameter is the final circular processed product. However, if the inner diameter of the long-diameter portion 10-2 is too small, the degree of the final circular deformation increases, so an appropriate size is set. The appropriate value of the inner diameter of the long diameter portion 10-2 differs depending on the material, but it is necessary to determine this value so as to obtain an appropriate value including trial and error. Since the short diameter portion 10-1 of the material 10 is a deformation restricting portion by the molding portion 27, the degree of freedom of shape is large, but it is preferable that the shape is smoothly connected to the long diameter portion 10-2. As a matter of course, since the long diameter portion 10-2 is expanded by the molding portion 27, the inner diameter is set so that the molding portion 27 can enter.

素材１０の形状は図１の実施形態のように短径部10-1を凹ませることが板材からのプレス打抜き時においてスクラップ量を最小とすることにおいて好ましいが、図１３（ａ）のような短径部が幾分膨らんだ長円形状（楕円）や図１３（ｂ）のように短径部が直線上の小判形状のような長円形状とすることができ、プレス打抜き時のスクラップ量減を実現することができる。   As for the shape of the material 10, it is preferable that the short diameter portion 10-1 is recessed as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 in order to minimize the scrap amount at the time of press punching from the plate material, but as shown in FIG. The ellipse shape in which the minor axis part is slightly expanded (ellipse) and the minor axis part can be an ellipse such as a straight oval shape as shown in FIG. Reduction can be realized.

１０…素材
１２…下側ダイホルダ
１４…上側ダイホルダ
１６…下型
１８…上型
２０…ダイクッションロッド
２２…カム
２４…下型のガイドブロック
24-2…素材載置用窪み
２６…カム従動体
２７…成形部
３２…上型のガイドブロック
３６…カムスライド DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Material 12 ... Lower die holder 14 ... Upper die holder 16 ... Lower die 18 ... Upper die 20 ... Die cushion rod 22 ... Cam 24 ... Lower die guide block
24-2 ... Material placement recess 26 ... Cam follower 27 ... Molding portion 32 ... Upper mold guide block 36 ... Cam slide

Claims (2)

金属板材より環状にプレス打抜きされ、内外周で長円形をなした素材より環状円板に成形する方法であって、ダイプレート上に固定された一対のガイドブロック上の窪み部に前記素材を素材平面に平行に長円形における長軸側両端部において載置し、ガイドブロック間に位置され、最終的に成形すべき円環の内径に相当する外周円弧面を有し、ダイプレート上を可動な一対の成形部により短軸方向において内周より半径外方に離間方向に移動させるように前記素材に素材平面に平行に長円形における短径において内周より半径外方に離間方向に外力を付与すると同時に、半径外方への成形部の前記移動の過程において、長円形における長径部において半径内方にフリーとしつつ外周は各ガイドブロックの窪み部の両側に短軸側に向け拡開するように配置された一対の直立面に夫々当接位置させ、半径外方への成形部の前記移動に応じて長円形状から最終的な円環形状の成形に至るまで前記直立面に対する素材外周の各ガイドブロックに対する当接部を直立面に沿って移動案内させ、これにより素材を内外周で円形を呈するべく塑性変形に至らしめる方法。 A method of forming an annular disc from a material that is annularly punched from a metal plate and formed into an oval shape on the inner and outer circumferences, and the material is used as a material in a recess on a pair of guide blocks fixed on a die plate It is placed at both ends of the long axis side of the ellipse parallel to the plane, is located between the guide blocks, has an outer peripheral arc surface corresponding to the inner diameter of the ring to be finally formed, and is movable on the die plate. An external force is applied to the material in the separating direction radially outward from the inner circumference at the minor axis of the ellipse in parallel with the material plane so as to move in the separating direction radially outward from the inner circumference in the short axis direction by the pair of molding parts. then at the same time, in the course of movement of the forming portion of the radial outward, the outer peripheral while a free radially inwards in the long diameter portion of the oval is widened toward the short shaft on both sides of the recess of the guide block A pair of upright surfaces arranged in this manner are respectively brought into contact with each other, and the outer periphery of the material with respect to the upright surfaces is formed from an elliptical shape to a final annular shape in accordance with the movement of the molding portion radially outward. A method in which the abutting portion with respect to each guide block is moved and guided along an upright surface, thereby causing the material to undergo plastic deformation so as to exhibit a circular shape on the inner and outer periphery. 請求項１に記載の発明において、長円形から円形への素材の塑性変形と同時に上下面間では材料の逃げを阻止するべく規制する方法。   The method according to claim 1, wherein the material is controlled to prevent escape of the material between the upper and lower surfaces simultaneously with plastic deformation of the material from an oval to a circle.
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