JP5643096B2 - 燃料組成物 - Google Patents
燃料組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5643096B2 JP5643096B2 JP2010526374A JP2010526374A JP5643096B2 JP 5643096 B2 JP5643096 B2 JP 5643096B2 JP 2010526374 A JP2010526374 A JP 2010526374A JP 2010526374 A JP2010526374 A JP 2010526374A JP 5643096 B2 JP5643096 B2 JP 5643096B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- nitrogen
- performance
- ppm
- use according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 132
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 101
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 79
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 17
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 40
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 39
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 26
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 15
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 12
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical group NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000003916 ethylene diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VNTDZUDTQCZFKN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc 2,2-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound [Zn++].CCCCCCC(C)(C)C([O-])=O.CCCCCCC(C)(C)C([O-])=O VNTDZUDTQCZFKN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical class ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KJWMCPYEODZESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KJWMCPYEODZESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 4
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZJFCVUTYZHUNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octadecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O ZJFCVUTYZHUNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005332 alkyl sulfoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000008050 dialkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GBBHWGRJHHNAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexadecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O GBBHWGRJHHNAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIKUBYKUYUSRSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholinopropylamine Chemical compound NCCCN1CCOCC1 UIKUBYKUYUSRSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005160 aryl oxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008162 cooking oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010771 distillate fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine hydrate Chemical compound O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQGNVWRYTKPRMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN AQGNVWRYTKPRMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003444 succinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXPMATOXBKCQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-heptylimidazolidin-1-yl)propan-2-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1NCCN1CC(C)N PXPMATOXBKCQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZZDBAMLOMKUQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(diethylamino)butan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCC(O)N(CC)CC AZZDBAMLOMKUQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VKKTUDKKYOOLGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(diethylamino)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)N(CC)CC VKKTUDKKYOOLGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJEBJKXTNSYBGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-heptadecyl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-1-yl)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=NCCN1CCO QJEBJKXTNSYBGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFIWSSUBVYLTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCNCCNCCO GFIWSSUBVYLTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAOXFRSJRCGJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-aminoethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanamine Chemical compound NCCN1CCN(CCN)CC1 PAOXFRSJRCGJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQNLLSNNESIVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorooctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)C(O)=O DQNLLSNNESIVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLDMCLJNYBFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexyloctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)C1CCCCC1 JLDMCLJNYBFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFCSWCVEJLETKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-piperazin-1-ylethanol Chemical compound OCCN1CCNCC1 WFCSWCVEJLETKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJNRGSHEMCMUOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-piperidin-1-ylethanamine Chemical compound NCCN1CCCCC1 CJNRGSHEMCMUOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSGFFTXMUWEOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CN(C)CCCO PYSGFFTXMUWEOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLAIOABSDQUNSA-WUKNDPDISA-N 3-[(e)-octadec-2-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\CC1CC(=O)OC1=O KLAIOABSDQUNSA-WUKNDPDISA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDHWOCLBMVSZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-imidazol-1-ylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound NCCCN1C=CN=C1 KDHWOCLBMVSZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPFSLDXBLIZWGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-aminobutylamino)butan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CCNCCCCN NPFSLDXBLIZWGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phosphonobutylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCP(O)(O)=O JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000221089 Jatropha Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021353 Lignoceric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene oxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITBPIKUGMIZTJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [bis(hydroxymethyl)amino]methanol Chemical compound OCN(CO)CO ITBPIKUGMIZTJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005041 acyloxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007630 basic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical class O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013628 high molecular weight specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008172 hydrogenated vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LOTBYPQQWICYBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl n-hexyl-n-[2-(hexylamino)ethyl]carbamate Chemical compound CCCCCCNCCN(C(=O)OC)CCCCCC LOTBYPQQWICYBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-diethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCN QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DILRJUIACXKSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN DILRJUIACXKSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMENJLNZKOMSMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN IMENJLNZKOMSMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(methylamino)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(NC)NC SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJSBUQAESGNMGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-1-propylpiperazin-2-amine Chemical compound CCCN1CCNCC1N(C)C XJSBUQAESGNMGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZZVMEUAUWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(C)C ZUHZZVMEUAUWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTNWKDHZTDQSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N)C(N)=CC=C21 NTNWKDHZTDQSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012113 quantitative test Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ARCJQKUWGAZPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene oxide Chemical compound O1C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ARCJQKUWGAZPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003443 succinic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YQPZJBVEKZISEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracont-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C YQPZJBVEKZISEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Chemical compound C1N(S2(=O)=O)CN3S(=O)(=O)N1CN2C3 AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/221—Organic compounds containing nitrogen compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/18—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
- C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/228—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones, imines; containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen triple bond, e.g. nitriles
- C10L1/2283—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones, imines; containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen triple bond, e.g. nitriles containing one or more carbon to nitrogen double bonds, e.g. guanidine, hydrazone, semi-carbazone, azomethine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
- C10L1/2387—Polyoxyalkyleneamines (poly)oxyalkylene amines and derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
Description
(a)アルデヒドと、
(b)ポリアミンと、
(c)置換されていてもよいフェノールと
の間のマンニッヒ反応の生成物であるディーゼル燃料組成物が提供される。
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
III
(a)アルデヒドと、
(b)ポリアミンと、
(c)置換されていてもよいフェノールと
の間のマンニッヒ反応の生成物ではない。
(1)一般式:
IV
V
VI
VII
NH2−NH2
(I)
各Lは、独立して、炭素間単結合又は連結基を含む連結部分であり、
各Yは、独立して、−OR1’’又は式H(O(CR1 2)n)yX−の部分であり、式中Xは、(CR1 2)2、O及びSからなる群から選択され、R1及びR1’は、それぞれ独立して、H、C1−C6アルキル及びアリールから選択され、R1’’は、C1−C100アルキル及びアリールから選択され、zは1〜10であり、nは、Xが(CR1 2)2である場合0〜10、XがO又はSである場合2〜10であり、yは1〜30であり、
各aは独立して0〜3であるが、ただし少なくとも1個のAr部分は少なくとも1個の基Yを有し、mは1〜100である)
(II)
各Ar’は、独立して、アルキル、アルコキシ、アルコキシアルキル、ヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシアルキル、アシルオキシ、アシルオキシアルキル、アシルオキシアルコキシ、アリールオキシ、アリールオキシアルキル、アリールオキシアルコキシ、ハロ及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される0〜3個の置換基を有する芳香族部分を表し、
各L’は、独立して、炭素間単結合又は連結基を含む連結部分であり、
各Y’は、独立して、式ZO−又はZ(O(CR2 2)n’)y’X’−の部分であり、式中X’は、(CR2’2)z’、O及びSからなる群から選択され、R2及びR2’は、それぞれ独立して、H、C1−C6アルキル及びアリールから選択され、z’は1〜10であり、n’は、X’が(CR2’2)zである場合0〜10、X’がO又はSである場合2〜10であり、yは1〜30であり、Zは、H、アシル基、ポリアシル基、ラクトンエステル基、酸エステル基、アルキル基又はアリール基であり、
各a’は独立して0〜3であるが、ただし少なくとも1個のAr’部分は少なくとも1個の基Y’(ZはHではない)を有し、m’は1〜100である)の少なくとも1種の化合物を含む添加剤を含み得る。
(a)アルデヒドと、
(b)ポリアミンと、
(c)置換されていてもよいフェノールと
の間のマンニッヒ反応の生成物である使用が提供される。
(a)アルデヒドと、
(b)ポリアミンと、
(c)置換されていてもよいフェノールと
の間のマンニッヒ反応の生成物である使用を提供する。
(a)アルデヒドと、
(b)ポリアミンと、
(c)置換されていてもよいフェノールと
の間のマンニッヒ反応の生成物である使用を提供する。
設計:直列4気筒、オーバーヘッドカムシャフト、EGRによるターボチャージ
容量:1998cm3
燃焼室:4弁、ボールインピストン、ウォールガイド直噴
出力:4000rpmで100kW
トルク:2000rpmで320Nm
噴射システム:圧電式電子制御6穴噴射器によるコモンレール
最大圧力:1600バール(1.6×108Pa)。SIEMENS VDO社による独自設計
エミッション規制:排ガス後処理システム(DPF)と組み合わせるとユーロIV制限値に適合。
Claims (12)
- ディーゼル燃料組成物を使用する際の高圧燃料システムを備えたディーゼルエンジンにおけるエンジン性能を改善するための、該ディーゼル燃料組成物における窒素含有洗浄剤及び性能向上添加剤の使用であって、前記性能向上添加剤が、
(a)ホルムアルデヒドと、
(b)ポリアミンと、
(c)置換されていてもよいフェノールと
の間のマンニッヒ反応の生成物であり、前記窒素含有洗浄剤が、カルボン酸由来アシル化剤及びアミンの反応生成物であり、前記マンニッヒ反応生成物が、成分(a)、(b)及び(c)を、3:1:3〜0.5:1:0.5のモル比で反応させることにより得られ、前記燃料システムが、1350×10 5 Paを超える圧力を有する、使用。 - 性能向上添加剤が、窒素含有洗浄剤を含むディーゼル燃料組成物を使用する高圧燃料システムを備えたディーゼルエンジンのエンジン性能を改善する、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 性能向上添加剤が、高圧燃料システムを備えたディーゼルエンジンの性能の改善を達成するために必要な窒素含有洗浄剤の添加率を低減する、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- ディーゼルエンジンにおける直径が500μm未満の開口部を有する噴射器の堆積物を低減するための、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の使用。
- 性能の改善が、エンジンの出力損失の低減及び/又は噴射器の堆積物の低減により測定され得る、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の使用。
- 成分(b)が、3〜8個の窒素原子を有するポリエチレンポリアミンである、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の使用。
- 成分(c)が、アルキル置換基で置換されている一置換フェノールである、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の使用。
- フェノールが、ポリイソブテン残基で置換されている、請求項7に記載の使用。
- フェノールが、パラ位において、10〜15個の炭素原子を有するアルキル置換基で置換されている、請求項7に記載の使用。
- 窒素含有洗浄剤が、ポリイソブテン置換コハク酸由来アシル化剤及びポリエチレンポリアミンの生成物である、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の使用。
- アシル化剤が、650〜1200の平均分子量を有するポリイソブテン置換基を有し、ポリアミンが、平均3〜9個の窒素原子を有する、請求項10に記載の使用。
- ディーゼル燃料組成物が、金属不活性化化合物をさらに含む、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0718860.0 | 2007-09-27 | ||
GB0718860A GB0718860D0 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2007-09-27 | Fuel compositions |
GB0808410A GB0808410D0 (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2008-05-09 | Fuel compositions |
GB0808410.5 | 2008-05-09 | ||
PCT/GB2008/050865 WO2009040583A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2008-09-25 | Fuel compositions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2010540711A JP2010540711A (ja) | 2010-12-24 |
JP5643096B2 true JP5643096B2 (ja) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=40019618
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010526374A Expired - Fee Related JP5643096B2 (ja) | 2007-09-27 | 2008-09-25 | 燃料組成物 |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9163190B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2205704B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5643096B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR20100072297A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102007203B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR068272A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2008303344B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0817243B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2700347C (ja) |
CL (1) | CL2008002889A1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2453249B (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2010003389A (ja) |
MY (1) | MY147854A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2487924C2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI456045B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009040583A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA201001826B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102037104B (zh) | 2007-09-27 | 2014-12-31 | 因诺斯佩克有限公司 | 燃料组合物 |
EP2205704B1 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2015-08-26 | Innospec Limited | Fuel compositions |
EP2205703B1 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2017-01-04 | Innospec Limited | Fuel compositions |
GB2468130A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-01 | Innospec Ltd | Diesel fuel compositions |
GB0903165D0 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2009-04-08 | Innospec Ltd | Methods and uses relating to fuel compositions |
US8895032B2 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2014-11-25 | Central Michigan University | Dendritic nano-antioxidants |
GB201001920D0 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2010-03-24 | Innospec Ltd | Fuel compostions |
GB201003973D0 (en) | 2010-03-10 | 2010-04-21 | Innospec Ltd | Fuel compositions |
PL2576738T3 (pl) | 2010-05-25 | 2020-11-16 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Zastosowanie czwartorzędowej soli amoniowej w celu uzyskania wzrostu mocy silnika Diesel |
US8475541B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2013-07-02 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Diesel fuel additive |
WO2012076428A1 (de) | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-14 | Basf Se | Polytetrahydrobenzoxazine und bistetrahydrobenzoxazine und ihre verwendung als kraftstoffadditiv oder schmierstoffadditiv |
US9006158B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2015-04-14 | Basf Se | Polytetrahydrobenzoxazines and bistetrahydrobenzoxazines and use thereof as a fuel additive or lubricant additive |
GB2493377A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2013-02-06 | Innospec Ltd | Gasoline composition comprising Mannich additive |
GB201113390D0 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2011-09-21 | Innospec Ltd | Fuel compositions |
EP2554636A1 (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2013-02-06 | Innospec Limited | Fuel compositions |
GB201113392D0 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2011-09-21 | Innospec Ltd | Fuel compositions |
GB201113388D0 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2011-09-21 | Innospec Ltd | Fuel compositions |
WO2013043332A1 (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-03-28 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Quaternary ammonium salts in heating oils |
GB201313423D0 (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-09-11 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions and methods |
MY175487A (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2020-06-30 | Innospec Ltd | Reduction of internal diesel injector deposits (idid) |
SG11201609842TA (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-12-29 | Lubrizol Corp | Low molecular weight amide/ester containing quaternary ammonium salts |
EP3511396B1 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2020-07-29 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Low molecular weight imide containing quaternary ammonium salts |
US20170114297A1 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-04-27 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Imidazole containing quaternary ammonium salts |
GB201513304D0 (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-09-09 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions and Methods |
GB201705091D0 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-17 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions and methods and uses relating thereto |
AU2018247097B2 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2022-12-15 | Innospec Limited | Method and use |
WO2018178680A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | Innospec Limited | Method and use |
GB201705095D0 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-17 | Innospec Ltd | Composition and methods and uses relating thereto |
GB201705138D0 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-17 | Innospec Ltd | Method and use |
WO2018178674A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | Innospec Limited | Method and use |
US11214549B2 (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2022-01-04 | Nouryon Chemicals International B.V. | Process for making higher ethylene amines |
GB201810852D0 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2018-08-15 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions, uses and methods |
GB201815257D0 (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2018-10-31 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions and methods and uses relating thereto |
GB201916246D0 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-12-25 | Innospec Ltd | Compositons, and methods and uses relating thereto |
GB201916248D0 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-12-25 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions and methods and uses relating thereto |
GB202113683D0 (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-10 | Innospec Ltd | Use and method |
WO2023057748A1 (en) | 2021-10-04 | 2023-04-13 | Innospec Fuel Specialties Llc | Improvements in fuels |
EP4166633A1 (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-19 | Innospec Fuel Specialties LLC | Improvements in fuels |
GB202118104D0 (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2022-01-26 | Innospec Ltd | Methods and uses relating to fuel compositions |
GB202118107D0 (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2022-01-26 | Innospec Ltd | Fuel compositions |
GB202204084D0 (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-04 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions, methods and uses |
GB2618099A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2023-11-01 | Innospec Ltd | Use and method |
GB202206069D0 (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-08 | Innospec Ltd | Use and method |
GB2618101A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2023-11-01 | Innospec Ltd | Use and method |
GB2621686A (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2024-02-21 | Innospec Ltd | Compositions, and methods and uses relating thereto |
WO2024023490A1 (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | Innospec Fuel Specialties Llc | Improvements in fuels |
Family Cites Families (65)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US483073A (en) * | 1892-09-20 | Rhe nohihb petebs co | ||
US2812342A (en) * | 1955-04-29 | 1957-11-05 | Emery Industries Inc | Hydrogenation of structurally modified acids and products produced thereby |
US3444170A (en) * | 1959-03-30 | 1969-05-13 | Lubrizol Corp | Process which comprises reacting a carboxylic intermediate with an amine |
DE1248643B (de) * | 1959-03-30 | 1967-08-31 | The Lubrizol Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio (V. St. A.) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von öllöslichen aeylierten Aminen |
US3110673A (en) * | 1961-03-31 | 1963-11-12 | California Research Corp | Lubricant composition |
US3429674A (en) * | 1962-02-02 | 1969-02-25 | Lubrizol Corp | Oil-soluble nitrogen composition |
US3251853A (en) | 1962-02-02 | 1966-05-17 | Lubrizol Corp | Oil-soluble acylated amine |
NL300948A (ja) * | 1962-11-23 | |||
US3405064A (en) * | 1963-06-06 | 1968-10-08 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricating oil composition |
US3455832A (en) * | 1963-09-09 | 1969-07-15 | Monsanto Co | Schiff bases |
US3455831A (en) * | 1963-09-27 | 1969-07-15 | Monsanto Co | Imines containing a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride substituent |
US3250715A (en) * | 1964-02-04 | 1966-05-10 | Lubrizol Corp | Terpolymer product and lubricating composition containing it |
US3216936A (en) * | 1964-03-02 | 1965-11-09 | Lubrizol Corp | Process of preparing lubricant additives |
US3310492A (en) * | 1964-09-08 | 1967-03-21 | Chevron Res | Oils for two-cycle engines containing basic amino-containing detergents and aryl halides |
US3337459A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1967-08-22 | Shell Oil Co | 2-stroke lubricant |
US3326801A (en) * | 1965-07-16 | 1967-06-20 | Shell Oil Co | Lubricating oil compositions |
US3468639A (en) * | 1965-08-06 | 1969-09-23 | Chevron Res | Gasolines containing deposit-reducing monoamides of polyamines characterized by improved water tolerance |
US3272746A (en) * | 1965-11-22 | 1966-09-13 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricating composition containing an acylated nitrogen compound |
GB1282887A (en) * | 1968-07-03 | 1972-07-26 | Lubrizol Corp | Acylation of nitrogen-containing products |
US3576743A (en) * | 1969-04-11 | 1971-04-27 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricant and fuel additives and process for making the additives |
US3632511A (en) * | 1969-11-10 | 1972-01-04 | Lubrizol Corp | Acylated nitrogen-containing compositions processes for their preparationand lubricants and fuels containing the same |
US3804763A (en) * | 1971-07-01 | 1974-04-16 | Lubrizol Corp | Dispersant compositions |
US3778371A (en) * | 1972-05-19 | 1973-12-11 | Ethyl Corp | Lubricant and fuel compositions |
US3857791A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1974-12-31 | Cities Service Oil Co | Lubricating oil additive and lubricating oil compositions containing same |
US4171959A (en) * | 1977-12-14 | 1979-10-23 | Texaco Inc. | Fuel composition containing quaternary ammonium salts of succinimides |
US4166726A (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1979-09-04 | Chevron Research Company | Diesel fuel containing polyalkylene amine and Mannich base |
US4234435A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-11-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Novel carboxylic acid acylating agents, derivatives thereof, concentrate and lubricant compositions containing the same, and processes for their preparation |
US4253980A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-03-03 | Texaco Inc. | Quaternary ammonium salt of ester-lactone and hydrocarbon oil containing same |
US4326973A (en) * | 1981-01-13 | 1982-04-27 | Texaco Inc. | Quaternary ammonium succinimide salt composition and lubricating oil containing same |
US4338206A (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1982-07-06 | Texaco Inc. | Quaternary ammonium succinimide salt composition and lubricating oil containing same |
US4749468A (en) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-06-07 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Methods for deactivating copper in hydrocarbon fluids |
US5039307A (en) | 1990-10-01 | 1991-08-13 | Texaco Inc. | Diesel fuel detergent additive |
US5254138A (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1993-10-19 | Uop | Fuel composition containing a quaternary ammonium salt |
GB9208034D0 (en) | 1992-04-10 | 1992-05-27 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Fuel composition |
GB9618547D0 (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1996-10-16 | Bp Chemicals Additives | Dispersants/detergents for hydrocarbons fuels |
GB9618546D0 (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1996-10-16 | Bp Chemicals Additives | Dispersants/detergents for hydrocarbons fuels |
US6821307B2 (en) * | 1997-05-15 | 2004-11-23 | Infineum International Ltd. | Oil composition |
CA2288387A1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-18 | Ethyl Corporation | High-amine mannich dispersants for compression-ignition fuels |
CA2334508A1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-01 | Majid R. Ahmadi | Fuel additive compositions containing mannich condensation products and hydrocarbyl-substituted polyoxyalkylene amines |
US6458172B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2002-10-01 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Fuel additive compositions and fuel compositions containing detergents and fluidizers |
US6835217B1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2004-12-28 | Texaco, Inc. | Fuel composition containing friction modifier |
US6511519B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2003-01-28 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Fuel additive compositions containing a mannich condensation product, a poly(oxyalkylene) monool, and a carboxylic acid |
US6797021B2 (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2004-09-28 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Process of preparation of novel mannich bases from hydrogenated and distilled cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) for use as additive in liquid hydrocarbon fuels |
CN1109733C (zh) | 2000-10-30 | 2003-05-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 柴油多效添加剂 |
US20030029077A1 (en) | 2001-08-07 | 2003-02-13 | The Lubrizol Corporation, A Corporation Of The State Of Ohio | Fuel composition containing detergent combination and methods thereof |
EP1478717A2 (en) | 2002-02-19 | 2004-11-24 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method for operating internal combustion engine with a fuel composition |
BR0308434A (pt) | 2002-03-14 | 2005-01-18 | Lubrizol Corp | Composição de combustìvel, método para operar e reduzir as emissões de descarga de um motor de combustão interna e método para proporcionar uma composição de combustìvel estável |
DE10211418A1 (de) | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-25 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung hochreaktiver Polyisobutene |
US20050215441A1 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2005-09-29 | Mackney Derek W | Method of operating internal combustion engine by introducing detergent into combustion chamber |
EP2292722A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2011-03-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method of operating internal combustion engine by introducing detergent into combustion chamber |
DE10256161A1 (de) | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-09 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Aminen und/oder Mannich-Addukten in Kraft- und Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen für direkteinspritzende Ottomotoren |
US20040118036A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Graskow Brian R. | Method of reducing particulate emissions in internal combustion engines |
US7491248B2 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2009-02-17 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Fuels compositions and methods for using same |
US7201135B2 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2007-04-10 | Caterpillar Inc | Internal combustion engine |
EP1705234A1 (de) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verwendung von Detergens-Additiven zur Verhinderung oder Verringerung der Bildung von Ablagerungen in den Einspritzsystemen von direkteinspritzenden Dieselmotoren |
US20060277820A1 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-14 | Puri Suresh K | Synergistic deposit control additive composition for gasoline fuel and process thereof |
US20060277819A1 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-14 | Puri Suresh K | Synergistic deposit control additive composition for diesel fuel and process thereof |
ES2301358B1 (es) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-06-22 | Repsol Ypf, S.A. | Nueva composicion de combustible estabilizado. |
EP1884556A3 (en) | 2006-08-04 | 2011-09-14 | Infineum International Limited | Diesel fuel compositions containing metallic species and detergent additives |
ATE524537T1 (de) | 2006-08-04 | 2011-09-15 | Infineum Int Ltd | Verfahren und anwendung zum vermeiden von ablagerungen in einem kraftstoffinjektor |
US7906470B2 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2011-03-15 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Quaternary ammonium salt of a Mannich compound |
EP1900795A1 (en) | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-19 | Infineum International Limited | Method and use for the prevention of fuel injector deposits |
US7823557B2 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2010-11-02 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Compression ignition engine having fuel injection devices and processes for promoting cleaner burning lifted flame combustion |
EP2205703B1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2017-01-04 | Innospec Limited | Fuel compositions |
EP2205704B1 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2015-08-26 | Innospec Limited | Fuel compositions |
-
2008
- 2008-09-25 EP EP08806681.6A patent/EP2205704B1/en active Active
- 2008-09-25 CN CN200880117623.XA patent/CN102007203B/zh active Active
- 2008-09-25 RU RU2010114860/05A patent/RU2487924C2/ru active
- 2008-09-25 CA CA2700347A patent/CA2700347C/en active Active
- 2008-09-25 MY MYPI2010001351A patent/MY147854A/en unknown
- 2008-09-25 MX MX2010003389A patent/MX2010003389A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-09-25 US US12/679,781 patent/US9163190B2/en active Active
- 2008-09-25 BR BRPI0817243-9A patent/BRPI0817243B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2008-09-25 KR KR1020107009074A patent/KR20100072297A/ko active Application Filing
- 2008-09-25 JP JP2010526374A patent/JP5643096B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-25 KR KR1020157011357A patent/KR101766986B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2008-09-25 WO PCT/GB2008/050865 patent/WO2009040583A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-09-25 AU AU2008303344A patent/AU2008303344B2/en active Active
- 2008-09-26 TW TW097137168A patent/TWI456045B/zh active
- 2008-09-26 GB GB0817662A patent/GB2453249B/en active Active
- 2008-09-26 AR ARP080104205A patent/AR068272A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-09-26 CL CL200802889A patent/CL2008002889A1/es unknown
-
2010
- 2010-03-15 ZA ZA2010/01826A patent/ZA201001826B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AR068272A1 (es) | 2009-11-11 |
MX2010003389A (es) | 2010-04-21 |
MY147854A (en) | 2013-01-31 |
GB2453249B (en) | 2010-12-15 |
WO2009040583A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
TWI456045B (zh) | 2014-10-11 |
CN102007203A (zh) | 2011-04-06 |
AU2008303344B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
BRPI0817243B1 (pt) | 2017-11-21 |
EP2205704A1 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
US9163190B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 |
KR20150055097A (ko) | 2015-05-20 |
AU2008303344A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
CL2008002889A1 (es) | 2008-10-24 |
TW200923066A (en) | 2009-06-01 |
KR101766986B1 (ko) | 2017-08-09 |
CA2700347C (en) | 2016-12-20 |
GB2453249A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
CA2700347A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
RU2010114860A (ru) | 2011-11-10 |
BRPI0817243A2 (pt) | 2015-06-16 |
US20100258070A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
CN102007203B (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
RU2487924C2 (ru) | 2013-07-20 |
GB0817662D0 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
KR20100072297A (ko) | 2010-06-30 |
ZA201001826B (en) | 2011-05-25 |
JP2010540711A (ja) | 2010-12-24 |
EP2205704B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5643096B2 (ja) | 燃料組成物 | |
JP5643095B2 (ja) | 燃料組成物 | |
JP5643097B2 (ja) | 燃料組成物 | |
JP2010540712A (ja) | 燃料組成物 | |
US9034060B2 (en) | Additives for diesel engines |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20110826 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20130122 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20130416 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20130423 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20130522 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A132 Effective date: 20140203 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20141023 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20141030 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5643096 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |