JP5637551B2 - Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of salivary gland disorders - Google Patents

Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of salivary gland disorders Download PDF

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JP5637551B2
JP5637551B2 JP2005380300A JP2005380300A JP5637551B2 JP 5637551 B2 JP5637551 B2 JP 5637551B2 JP 2005380300 A JP2005380300 A JP 2005380300A JP 2005380300 A JP2005380300 A JP 2005380300A JP 5637551 B2 JP5637551 B2 JP 5637551B2
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salivary gland
salivary
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pilocarpine
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JP2007176906A (en
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和容 丸山
和容 丸山
哲也 浅利
哲也 浅利
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Kissei Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、(3S,4R)−3−エチルジヒドロ−4−(1−メチル)−1H−イミダゾール−5−イルメチル)フラン−2(3H)オン(一般名:ピロカルピン)又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する唾液腺障害の治療用医薬に関するものである。   The present invention relates to (3S, 4R) -3-ethyldihydro-4- (1-methyl) -1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl) furan-2 (3H) one (generic name: pilocarpine) or pharmacologically thereof. The present invention relates to a medicament for treating salivary gland disorders, which contains an acceptable salt as an active ingredient.

更に詳しく述べれば、本発明は、唾液腺障害修復作用や唾液腺感受性改善作用を有するピロカルピン又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、シェーグレン症候群等における唾液腺障害の治療等に有用な医薬に関するものである。   More specifically, the present invention contains pilocarpine having salivary gland disorder repairing action or salivary gland sensitivity improving action or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and is useful for treatment of salivary gland disorders in Sjogren's syndrome and the like. It relates to medicine.

唾液は、約95%が大唾液腺(耳下腺、舌下腺及び顎下腺)から分泌され、食物の咀嚼と嚥下を補助する物理的作用と口腔内の洗浄、口腔粘膜と歯の保護、粘膜湿潤による呼吸や会話の円滑化、口腔内細菌の増殖抑制など、様々な生理的機能を果たしている。従って、口腔乾燥症などにおいて、口腔内の唾液量が不足すると、口腔乾燥感や会話障害、摂食障害、睡眠障害など様々な日常生活での障害が生じる他、むし歯や歯周病が多発し、口腔粘膜の炎症を伴って、症状の悪化という悪循環をきたす等が問題となる(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。   About 95% of saliva is secreted from the major salivary glands (parotid gland, sublingual gland and submandibular gland), physical action to assist in chewing and swallowing food, cleaning of the oral cavity, protection of oral mucosa and teeth, It plays various physiological functions such as smoothing of breathing and conversation by moist mucosa, and suppression of bacterial growth in the oral cavity. Therefore, if the amount of saliva in the oral cavity is insufficient for xerostomia etc., various problems in daily life such as dry mouth, speech disorder, eating disorder, sleep disorder, etc., and cavity and periodontal disease occur frequently. In addition, there is a problem of causing a vicious cycle of worsening of symptoms accompanied by inflammation of the oral mucosa (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

口腔乾燥の原因は多様であるが、唾液腺障害を伴うものと伴わないものに分けることができる。唾液腺障害を伴う要因としては、シェーグレン症候群、慢性唾液腺炎、ウィルス性疾患、I型もしくはII型糖尿病等の唾液腺の組織障害を伴う疾患、又は癌の化学療法もしくは放射線治療等による唾液分泌機能低下、唾液腺萎等が知られている。それ以外の要因としては、唾液分泌量を減少させる薬物(抗うつ薬、抗ヒスタミン薬、抗精神病薬、鎮静薬、メチルドパ、利尿薬等)、尿崩症、甲状腺機能異常等の代謝性異常、口や鼻の疾患、又は精神緊張、神経症、うつ病、自律神経障害等の心因性のものが挙げられる。   There are various causes of dry mouth, but it can be divided into those with and without salivary gland disorders. Factors associated with salivary gland disorders include Sjogren's syndrome, chronic salivary glanditis, viral diseases, diseases associated with tissue disorders of salivary glands such as type I or type II diabetes, or decreased salivary secretion function due to cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy, Salivary gland atrophy is known. Other factors include drugs that decrease salivary secretion (antidepressants, antihistamines, antipsychotics, sedatives, methyldopa, diuretics, etc.), metabolic disorders such as diabetes insipidus and thyroid dysfunction, Examples include mouth and nose diseases, or psychogenic symptoms such as mental tension, neurosis, depression, and autonomic neuropathy.

唾液腺障害を伴う各疾患について詳しく述べる。例えば、シェーグレン症候群は、外分泌腺への著しいリンパ球浸潤による腺細胞の破壊・線維化等によって、唾液等の分泌低下をきたす自己免疫性疾患であり、日本における診断基準では、生検病理組織検査、口腔検査、眼科検査及び血清検査の4項目のうち、2項目を満たせばシェーグレン症候群と診断される(例えば、非特許文献2参照)。口腔乾燥症状を伴うシェーグレン症候群患者のうち、***腺の病理組織検査では60%強に組織障害が認められたとの報告があり(非特許文献3参照)、病理組織検査における所見は病態の重症度を反映していると考えられる(非特許文献4参照)。また、糖尿病では、高血糖に起因して口腔乾燥症状が起こるが、唾液腺障害も起こることが知られている。代表的な糖尿病モデル動物であるSTZ誘発糖尿病モデルラットにおいても、唾液腺障害が認められることが報告されている(例えば、非特許文献5参照)。同様に、慢性唾液腺炎、ウィルス性疾患で、唾液腺障害が起こっていることが報告されている(例えば、非特許文献6参照)。   We will describe each disease with salivary gland disorders in detail. For example, Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that results in decreased secretion of saliva and the like due to destruction and fibrosis of glandular cells due to significant lymphocyte infiltration into the exocrine gland. Sjogren's syndrome is diagnosed if two items are satisfied among the four items of oral examination, ophthalmic examination and serum examination (for example, refer nonpatent literature 2). Among patients with Sjogren's syndrome with dry mouth symptoms, it has been reported that histopathology of the labial gland showed tissue damage in more than 60% (see Non-Patent Document 3). Is considered to be reflected (see Non-Patent Document 4). In diabetes, dry mouth symptoms occur due to hyperglycemia, but salivary gland disorders are also known to occur. It has been reported that salivary gland disorders are also observed in STZ-induced diabetes model rats, which are typical diabetes model animals (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 5). Similarly, it has been reported that salivary gland disorders occur due to chronic salivary glanditis and viral diseases (for example, see Non-Patent Document 6).

口腔乾燥の薬物治療には、従来から対症療法として人工唾液や、ムスカリン受容体刺激薬が用いられてきた。例えば、塩酸ピロカルピン(登録商標:サラジェン)は、ムスカリン受容体刺激作用を有する薬物として知られ、頭頸部の放射線治療に伴う口腔乾燥症患者において、唾液分泌促進作用を発揮することにより、口腔乾燥感及び口腔乾燥症による会話障害、摂食障害、睡眠障害、又はシェーグレン症候群患者の口腔乾燥症状を改善する医薬品として国内外で市販されている。また、塩酸セビメリンも、ムスカリン受容体刺激薬であり、シェーグレン症候群の口腔乾燥症状の改善薬として市販されている。しかしながら、医療現場においては、ムスカリン受容体刺激薬は唾液腺細胞のムスカリン受容体を直接刺激して唾液分泌を促進するものであるため、唾液腺細胞の障害が著しい患者ではムスカリン受容体が減少しており、効果が発現しにくいと考えられてきた(例えば、非特許文献7参照)。従って、唾液腺細胞の障害を伴う口腔乾燥症状の治療においては、正常な唾液腺細胞の唾液分泌を促進するだけでなく、傷害された唾液腺細胞を保護・修復し、唾液腺の機能を改善する唾液腺障害治療薬が望まれる。   Artificial saliva and muscarinic receptor stimulants have been used for symptomatic treatment for dry mouth. For example, pilocarpine hydrochloride (registered trademark: Salagen) is known as a drug having a muscarinic receptor stimulating action, and in patients with xerostomia associated with radiation therapy of the head and neck, it exerts a salivary secretion promoting action, thereby In addition, it is marketed domestically and internationally as a pharmaceutical agent for improving dry mouth symptoms in patients with xerostomia, speech disorders, eating disorders, sleep disorders, or Sjogren's syndrome. Cevimeline hydrochloride is also a muscarinic receptor stimulant and is marketed as an agent for improving dry mouth symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome. However, in the medical field, muscarinic receptor stimulants directly stimulate muscarinic receptors on salivary gland cells to promote salivary secretion, so muscarinic receptors are decreased in patients with significant salivary gland cell damage. It has been considered that the effect is hardly exhibited (for example, see Non-Patent Document 7). Therefore, in the treatment of dry mouth symptoms accompanied by salivary gland cell damage, salivary gland disorder treatment not only promotes salivary secretion of normal salivary gland cells but also protects and repairs damaged salivary gland cells and improves salivary gland function Drugs are desired.

塩酸ピロカルピンは、ムスカリン受容体刺激作用に基づく唾液分泌促進作用を有することは知られているが、唾液腺細胞の変性や萎縮等を修復し、ムスカリン受容体数を増加させることも、唾液腺障害治療剤又は唾液腺感受性改善剤として有用であることについても、全く報告がなく示唆もない。   Pilocarpine hydrochloride is known to have a salivary secretion promoting action based on a muscarinic receptor stimulating action, but it can also repair salivary gland cell degeneration and atrophy and increase the number of muscarinic receptors. There is no report or suggestion that it is useful as a salivary gland sensitivity improving agent.

今日の治療指針2003年版、医学書院、2003年1月1日、p.1024−1025Today's Treatment Guidelines 2003 Edition, Medical School, January 1, 2003, p. 1024-1025 シェーグレン症候群の基礎と臨床、医薬ジャーナル社、2003年10月10日、p.23−24Basic and clinical aspects of Sjogren's syndrome, Medicinal Journal, October 10, 2003, p. 23-24 唾液腺・甲状腺病、南江堂、1996年、p.67−69Salivary gland and thyroid disease, Nankodo, 1996, p. 67-69 シェーグレン症候群の診断の進め方、医薬ジャーナル、2003年、p.75How to proceed with diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome, Pharmaceutical Journal, 2003, p. 75 Watanabe M、外2名、Jpn.J.Pharmacol.、2001年、第87巻、p.117−124Watanabe M, two others, Jpn. J. et al. Pharmacol. 2001, vol. 87, p. 117-124 小野尊陸、唾液腺疾患、金芳堂、1999年、p.271−290Ono Takariku, Salivary Gland Disease, Kinyoshido, 1999, p. 271-290 平形道人、臨床と薬物治療、2002年、第21巻、第1号、p.60−61Hirakata Michijin, Clinical and Drug Therapy, 2002, Vol. 21, No. 1, p. 60-61

本発明は、唾液腺障害の治療用医薬を提供することを課題とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a medicament for the treatment of salivary gland disorders.

本発明者らは、上記課題に対し鋭意研究した結果、驚くべきことに、塩酸ピロカルピンが、唾液腺細胞の変性・萎縮等を修復し、唾液腺のムスカリン受容体数を増加させる作用を有し、唾液腺障害治療剤又は唾液腺感受性改善剤等として有用であることを見出し、本発明を成すに至った。   As a result of diligent research on the above problems, the present inventors have surprisingly found that pilocarpine hydrochloride has the effect of repairing degeneration / atrophy of salivary gland cells and increasing the number of muscarinic receptors in the salivary gland, It has been found useful as a disorder treatment agent or a salivary gland sensitivity improvement agent, etc., and has led to the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は、
〔1〕ピロカルピン又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する唾液腺障害の治療用医薬;
〔2〕有効成分が塩酸ピロカルピンである、前記〔1〕記載の医薬;
〔3〕唾液腺障害が、唾液腺の組織障害を伴う疾患における唾液腺障害である、前記〔1〕又は〔2〕記載の医薬;
〔4〕唾液腺障害が、シェーグレン症候群、慢性唾液腺炎、ウィルス性疾患、I型もしくはII型糖尿病における唾液腺障害である、前記〔1〕又は〔2〕記載の医薬;
〔5〕唾液腺障害が、シェーグレン症候群における唾液腺障害である、前記〔4〕記載の医薬;
〔6〕唾液腺障害が、癌の化学療法もしくは放射線治療による唾液腺障害である、前記〔3〕記載の医薬;
〔7〕唾液腺細胞保護剤である、前記〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれかに記載の医薬;
〔8〕唾液腺細胞の感受性改善剤である、前記〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれかに記載の医薬;等に関するものである。
That is, the present invention
[1] A medicament for the treatment of salivary gland disorders comprising pilocarpine or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient;
[2] The medicament according to [1] above, wherein the active ingredient is pilocarpine hydrochloride;
[3] The medicament according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the salivary gland disorder is a salivary gland disorder in a disease associated with a tissue disorder of the salivary gland;
[4] The medicament according to [1] or [2], wherein the salivary gland disorder is a salivary gland disorder in Sjogren's syndrome, chronic salivary glanditis, viral disease, type I or type II diabetes;
[5] The medicament according to [4], wherein the salivary gland disorder is a salivary gland disorder in Sjogren's syndrome;
[6] The medicament according to [3], wherein the salivary gland disorder is a salivary gland disorder caused by cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy;
[7] The medicament according to any one of [1] to [6], which is a salivary gland cell protecting agent;
[8] The drug according to any one of [1] to [6], which is a salivary gland cell sensitivity improving agent.

本発明の医薬は、強力な唾液腺細胞の変性・萎縮等の修復作用及び唾液腺のムスカリン受容体数増加作用を示し、唾液腺障害の治療等に有用である。   The medicament of the present invention exhibits a potent repairing action such as degeneration / atrophy of salivary gland cells and an increase in the number of muscarinic receptors in the salivary gland, and is useful for the treatment of salivary gland disorders.

本発明の医薬において、ピロカルピンは、常法により、その薬理学的に許容される塩とすることができる。このような塩としては、例えば、塩酸及び硝酸等の無機酸塩、酢酸及びメタンスルホン酸等の有機酸塩が挙げられ、塩酸塩が好ましい。   In the medicament of the present invention, pilocarpine can be converted to a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof by a conventional method. Examples of such salts include inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, and organic acid salts such as acetic acid and methanesulfonic acid, and hydrochloride is preferable.

本発明の医薬は、ピロカルピン又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を、必要な賦形剤、崩壊剤、結合剤、滑沢剤、希釈剤、緩衝剤、等張化剤、防腐剤、湿潤剤、乳化剤、分散剤、安定化剤、溶解補助剤等の製剤担体と適宜混合または希釈・溶解し、常法により種々の剤形のものを製造することができる。また、市販製剤を使用することもできる。   The medicament of the present invention comprises pilocarpine or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as necessary excipients, disintegrants, binders, lubricants, diluents, buffers, isotonic agents, preservatives, wetting agents. Various dosage forms can be produced by a conventional method by mixing or diluting / dissolving appropriately with pharmaceutical carriers such as agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers and solubilizing agents. Commercially available preparations can also be used.

本発明の医薬の投与形態としては、例えば、散剤、顆粒剤、細粒剤、ドライシロップ剤、錠剤、カプセル剤等の経口投与剤;注射剤、貼付剤、坐剤等の非経口投与剤;等が挙げられ、経口投与剤が好ましい。   Examples of the administration form of the medicament of the present invention include oral administration agents such as powders, granules, fine granules, dry syrups, tablets and capsules; parenteral administration agents such as injections, patches and suppositories; etc. Oral administration is preferable.

ピロカルピン又はその薬理学的に許容される塩の投与量は、患者の体重、年齢、性別、疾患の程度に応じて適宜定めればよい。例えば、成人に対する投与量は、経口投与で3〜30mg/日、好ましくは5〜20mg/日の範囲である。1日投与量を2〜4回に分けて投与するのが好ましい。また、反復投与するのが好ましく、例えば、4週間以上、継続使用するのがよい。   The dose of pilocarpine or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof may be appropriately determined according to the patient's weight, age, sex, and degree of disease. For example, the dose for adults is 3 to 30 mg / day, preferably 5 to 20 mg / day by oral administration. The daily dose is preferably administered in 2 to 4 divided doses. In addition, repeated administration is preferable. For example, it may be used continuously for 4 weeks or more.

本発明の医薬は、唾液腺細胞の変性・萎縮等の修復作用及び唾液腺のムスカリン受容体数増加作用を示し、唾液腺障害の治療に有用である。本発明の唾液腺障害には、シェーグレン症候群、慢性唾液腺炎、ウィルス性疾患、I型もしくはII型糖尿病等の唾液腺の組織障害を伴う疾患における唾液腺障害、癌の化学療法もしくは放射線治療等による唾液腺障害が含まれる。本発明の医薬を用いる対象として、好ましくは、生検病理組織検査所見が陽性で唾液腺組織障害を伴うシェーグレン症候群患者、他のムスカリン受容体刺激薬による治療効果が不十分な患者が挙げられる。   The medicament of the present invention exhibits a repair effect such as degeneration / atrophy of salivary gland cells and an effect of increasing the number of muscarinic receptors in the salivary gland, and is useful for the treatment of salivary gland disorders. Salivary gland disorders of the present invention include salivary gland disorders in diseases associated with tissue disorders of salivary glands such as Sjogren's syndrome, chronic salivary glanditis, viral diseases, type I or type II diabetes, salivary gland disorders due to cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy, etc. included. Examples of subjects using the medicament of the present invention preferably include patients with Sjogren's syndrome with positive biopsy histopathological findings and salivary gland tissue disorders, and patients with insufficient therapeutic effects by other muscarinic receptor stimulants.

以下に本発明を実験例に基づいてさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はその内容に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on experimental examples, but the present invention is not limited to the contents thereof.

試験例1
唾液腺細胞の組織障害に対する保護・修復作用
(1)投与群
18週齢のMRL/lprマウスに、塩酸ピロカルピン(0.1mg/kg)、塩酸セビメリン(2mg/kg)又は媒体(蒸留水)を28日間、1日3回経口投与した。その後、29日目には、ピロカルピン単回投与群及び反復投与群には塩酸ピロカルピン(0.1mg/kg)を、セビメリン単回投与群及び反復投与群には塩酸セビメリン(2mg/kg)をそれぞれ1回投与した。各試験群と、1〜28日間の反復経口投与物質及び反復投与量を表1に示した。
Test example 1
Protective and restorative action against tissue damage of salivary gland cells (1) administration group 18 weeks old MRL / lpr mice were treated with pilocarpine hydrochloride (0.1 mg / kg), cevimeline hydrochloride (2 mg / kg) or medium (distilled water) 28 Orally administered 3 times a day for 3 days. Thereafter, on day 29, pilocarpine hydrochloride (0.1 mg / kg) was administered to the pilocarpine single administration group and the repeated administration group, and cevimeline hydrochloride (2 mg / kg) was administered to the cevimeline single administration group and the repeated administration group, respectively. It was administered once. Table 1 shows the test groups and the repeated oral doses and doses for 1-28 days.

Figure 0005637551
Figure 0005637551

(2)唾液腺細胞の組織病理試験
各群のマウスより顎下腺を摘出し、10%リン酸緩衝ホルマリンに浸漬固定後パラフィン固定し、厚さ3μmの切片を作製した。脱パラフィン後、マイヤーヘマトキシリン溶液に5秒間浸漬し、流水にて洗浄後、脱水、透徹後封入し、鏡検した。MRL/lprマウス顎下腺の病理検査の結果を表2に示す。表中、記号*はピロカルピン反復投与群がピロカルピン単回投与群に対して有意差あり(p<0.05、Wilcoxon runk sum test);Gradeは異常所見の程度(−:変化なし;±:軽微;+:軽度;++:中等度)をそれぞれ意味する。
(2) Histopathological examination of salivary gland cells Submandibular glands were excised from each group of mice, immersed and fixed in 10% phosphate buffered formalin, and then fixed in paraffin to prepare 3 μm thick sections. After deparaffinization, it was immersed in a Mayer's hematoxylin solution for 5 seconds, washed with running water, dehydrated, cleared, sealed, and microscopically examined. The results of pathological examination of MRL / lpr mouse submandibular gland are shown in Table 2. In the table, symbol * indicates that the pilocarpine repeated administration group is significantly different from the pilocarpine single administration group (p <0.05, Wilcoxon runk sum test); Grade is the degree of abnormal findings (-: no change; ±: slight ; +: Mild; ++: Moderate).

Figure 0005637551
Figure 0005637551

表2に示すとおり、ピロカルピン反復投与群の顎下腺では、明らかな腺房細胞変性・萎縮の改善が認められた(p<0.05)。一方、セビメリン反復投与群では、明らかな回復は認められなかった。すなわち、塩酸ピロカルピンは、反復投与により、唾液腺の変性・萎縮等の唾液腺障害を修復し、唾液腺障害治療剤として有用となり得ると考えられた。   As shown in Table 2, in the submandibular gland of the pilocarpine repeated administration group, clear improvement of acinar cell degeneration / atrophy was observed (p <0.05). On the other hand, no clear recovery was observed in the cevimeline repeated administration group. That is, pilocarpine hydrochloride was considered to be useful as a therapeutic agent for salivary gland disorders by repairing salivary gland disorders such as salivary gland degeneration and atrophy by repeated administration.

試験例2
ムスカリン受容体に対する作用
(1)投与群
18週齢のMRL/lprマウスに、塩酸ピロカルピン(0.1mg/kg)(ピロカルピン投与群)、塩酸セビメリン(2mg/kg)(セビメリン投与群)又は媒体(蒸留水)(媒体投与群)を28日間、1日3回経口投与した。
Test example 2
Effect on Muscarinic Receptor (1) Administration Group 18-week-old MRL / lpr mice were treated with pilocarpine hydrochloride (0.1 mg / kg) (pilocarpine administration group), cevimeline hydrochloride (2 mg / kg) (cevimeline administration group) or vehicle ( Distilled water) (vehicle administration group) was orally administered three times a day for 28 days.

(2)ムスカリン受容体数の測定
各群のマウスより顎下腺を摘出し、それぞれにトリス塩酸緩衝液(pH7.4)を加えてホモジナイザー(DIAZ900、ハイドルフ・ジャパン)にて組織をホモジナイズした(setting4の条件で10秒間を2回)。冷却遠心機(8800、久保田製作所)にて遠心分離(2,000×g、10分間)し上清を分取し、更に、冷却遠心機(CP80MX、日立工機)にて遠心分離(80,000×g、30分間)した。沈渣をトリス塩酸緩衝液に懸濁し、再度遠心分離(80,000×g、30分間)を行った。得られた沈渣をトリス塩酸緩衝液にて再懸濁して膜分画サンプルとした。以上の操作は全て氷上又は4°C にて実施した。得られた膜分画サンプルは、Micro BCA Protein Assay Reagent Kit(Pierce社)を用いた発色法でタンパク濃度を測定した。
(2) Measurement of the number of muscarinic receptors The submandibular glands were removed from each group of mice, tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.4) was added to each, and the tissues were homogenized with a homogenizer (DIAZ900, Heidorf Japan) ( 2 times for 10 seconds under the condition of setting4). Centrifugation (2,000 × g, 10 minutes) with a refrigerated centrifuge (8800, Kubota Seisakusho), the supernatant was collected, and further centrifuged with a refrigerated centrifuge (CP80MX, Hitachi Koki) (80, 000 × g, 30 minutes). The sediment was suspended in Tris-HCl buffer and centrifuged again (80,000 × g, 30 minutes). The obtained sediment was resuspended in Tris-HCl buffer to obtain a membrane fraction sample. All the above operations were performed on ice or at 4 ° C. The obtained membrane fraction sample was measured for protein concentration by a color development method using Micro BCA Protein Assay Reagent Kit (Pierce).

膜分画サンプルは、[H]−QNB(最終濃度30〜3000pmol/L)をリガンドとして受容体結合試験を行った。すなわち、膜分画を含むトリス塩酸緩衝液と[H]−QNBを25°C、1時間インキュベート後、セルハーベスター(M−36T、ニューロサイエンス)で吸引濾過(濾紙;Whatman、GF/C)し、濾紙上に残った[H]−QNB受容体結合体の放射能を液体シンチレーションカウンター(TRI−CARB 1900A、パッカードジャパン)にて測定した。得られた総結合量から、硫酸アトロピン(sigma)を最終濃度として1×10−5mol/Lとなるように加え同様に測定することで算出した非特異的結合量を減じて特異的結合量を算出した。 The membrane fraction sample was subjected to a receptor binding test using [ 3 H] -QNB (final concentration: 30 to 3000 pmol / L) as a ligand. Specifically, Tris-HCl buffer containing a membrane fraction and [ 3 H] -QNB were incubated at 25 ° C. for 1 hour, and then suction filtered with a cell harvester (M-36T, Neuroscience) (filter paper; Whatman, GF / C) The radioactivity of the [ 3 H] -QNB receptor conjugate remaining on the filter paper was measured with a liquid scintillation counter (TRI-CARB 1900A, Packard Japan). The specific binding amount was obtained by subtracting the non-specific binding amount calculated by adding atropine sulfate (sigma) as the final concentration to 1 × 10 −5 mol / L and measuring in the same manner from the total binding amount obtained. Was calculated.

特異的結合量より、スキャッチャード解析を行い(Graphpad prism ver3.03)、[H]−QNBの最大結合量(Bmax、ムスカリン受容体数)(fmol/mg protein)を算出した。受容体結合試験の結果を表3に示す。表中の値は3例の平均値±標準誤差を示す。記号*は媒体投与群に対する有意差あり(p<0.05、t−test)を意味する。 Scatchard analysis was performed from the specific binding amount (Graphpad prism ver3.03), and the maximum binding amount (Bmax, number of muscarinic receptors) (fmol / mg protein) of [ 3 H] -QNB was calculated. The results of the receptor binding test are shown in Table 3. The values in the table represent the average value ± standard error of 3 cases. The symbol * means that there is a significant difference from the vehicle administration group (p <0.05, t-test).

Figure 0005637551
Figure 0005637551

ピロカルピン投与群の顎下腺では媒体投与群と比較し、明らかにムスカリン受容体数(Bmax)が増加した(p<0.05)。このことは、前述の唾液腺細胞の組織障害に対する結果と併せると、唾液腺細胞の組織障害を修復することにより、ムスカリン受容体数が増加したものと考えられる。すなわち、塩酸ピロカルピンは、反復投与により、唾液腺の組織障害を修復し、ムスカリン受容体数を増加させることにより、唾液腺感受性改善剤として有用となり得ると考えられた。一方、セビメリン反復投与群の顎下腺においては明らかな変化は認められなかった。   In the submandibular gland of the pilocarpine administration group, the number of muscarinic receptors (Bmax) was clearly increased (p <0.05) compared to the vehicle administration group. When this is combined with the above-described results for salivary gland cell tissue damage, it is considered that the number of muscarinic receptors was increased by repairing the tissue damage of salivary gland cells. That is, pilocarpine hydrochloride was considered to be useful as a salivary gland sensitivity improving agent by repairing tissue damage of salivary glands and increasing the number of muscarinic receptors by repeated administration. On the other hand, no obvious change was observed in the submandibular gland of the cevimeline repeated administration group.

以上のように、ピロカルピン又はその薬理学的に許容される塩は、唾液腺細胞の変性・萎縮等を修復し、唾液腺のムスカリン受容体数を増加させる作用を有し、唾液腺障害治療剤及び唾液腺感受性改善剤として有用であることが示された。   As described above, pilocarpine or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has an action of repairing degeneration / atrophy of salivary gland cells and increasing the number of salivary gland muscarinic receptors. It has been shown to be useful as an improver.

本発明の医薬は、唾液腺障害の治療用医薬として極めて有用である。   The medicament of the present invention is extremely useful as a medicament for treating salivary gland disorders.

Claims (3)

ピロカルピン又はその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する唾液腺細胞の変性・萎縮の治療用医薬。 A medicament for treating degeneration / atrophy of salivary gland cells comprising pilocarpine or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. 有効成分が塩酸ピロカルピンである、請求項1記載の医薬。 The medicament according to claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is pilocarpine hydrochloride. 唾液腺細胞の変性・萎縮が、シェーグレン症候群、慢性唾液腺炎、ウィルス性疾患又はI型もしくはII型糖尿病における唾液腺細胞の変性・萎縮である、請求項1又は2記載の医薬。 Degeneration and atrophy of salivary gland cells, Sjogren's syndrome, chronic sialadenitis, a degenerative-atrophy of salivary gland cells in viral diseases or type I or type II diabetes, according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the medicament.
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