JP5636527B1 - 炭化方法 - Google Patents
炭化方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5636527B1 JP5636527B1 JP2014022184A JP2014022184A JP5636527B1 JP 5636527 B1 JP5636527 B1 JP 5636527B1 JP 2014022184 A JP2014022184 A JP 2014022184A JP 2014022184 A JP2014022184 A JP 2014022184A JP 5636527 B1 JP5636527 B1 JP 5636527B1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- biomass
- moisture content
- dry
- carbonization
- dry distillation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
しかし、バイオマスのうち例えば下水汚泥のような水分含有率が高いものは乾留の前処理として加熱乾燥により水分量を低下させておく必要があるが、灯油等の化石燃料の燃焼熱を用いる場合には燃料代が嵩み、太陽光・風力等の自然エネルギーや発酵熱を用いる場合には時間がかかるという問題がある。
すなわち、第1炭化行程と第2炭化行程のそれぞれで異なる炭化炉(乾留炉)を使用するため計2つの炭化炉が必要になり、炭化炉を1つしか備えない既存の炭化装置を転用できないという問題や装置が大型化するという問題がある。
また、上記特許文献1には低水分率バイオマスが入っている炭化炉まで乾燥バイオマスを搬送し、当該炭化炉内で低水分率バイオマスと乾燥バイオマスを混ぜた上で乾留する技術も開示されているが、この場合にも搬送路やミキサーが別途必要になり、既存の炭化装置を転用できないという問題や装置の大型化という問題を解消できない。
また、高水分率バイオマスが下水汚泥、家畜糞尿及び食品残渣のうち少なくとも一つを含む有機性廃棄物であることを特徴とする。
また、低水分率バイオマスが籾殻、ヤシガラ及び木材のうち少なくとも一つを含む有機性廃棄物であることを特徴とする。
「低水分率バイオマス」の材質としては例えば森林伐採木材、間伐材、街路樹・公園樹木の剪定廃材、建築廃木材などのチップ又はペレット、鋸屑、とうもろこし・サトウキビ・トマトの茎等の食品残渣、籾殻、ヤシガラ(PKS:Palm Kernel Shell)、麦藁、稲藁などの農業廃材、繊維素を含む産業廃材等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
「高水分率バイオマス」の材質としては例えば下水汚泥、メタン発酵後の消化汚泥、家畜糞尿、食品残渣等の有機性廃棄物が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
図1に示すように、本発明の炭化方法は第1〜第6工程を少なくとも含んでおり、乾燥機と炭化炉(乾留炉)を備える既存の炭化装置に対して改良や装置の追加等をほとんど行うことなくそのまま実施できる。なお、図1において低水分率バイオマスが炭化燃料になるまでの経路にL1及びL2を付し、高水分率バイオマスが炭化燃料になるまでの経路にH1〜H4を付している。
具体的には、既存の炭化装置の炭化炉内に水分率が低い低水分率バイオマスを一種類又は複数種類投入しておき、これを熱分解させることで低水分率バイオマス由来の炭化燃料を得ると共に、CO、H2、CH4等を含む乾留ガスを発生させる。得られた炭化燃料は第1〜第3工程の適当なタイミングで炭化炉から取り出しておく。
具体的には、第1工程で得た乾留ガスに酸素(空気)を供給して燃焼させることで高温ガスを発生させる。そして、この高温ガスを炭化炉から乾燥機にまで至る流路内で必要に応じて空気と混合することで適温に調節した上で乾燥機内に導入する。乾燥機内には予め高水分率バイオマスを一種類又は複数種類投入しておき、上記高温ガスに晒して乾燥させることで水分を蒸発させ、乾燥バイオマスを得る。
第1〜第3工程を一定期間連続して行った後、第4〜第6工程を行う。つまり、本発明では第1〜第3工程と、第4〜第6工程を一つの炭化装置内で同時進行で行うことがない。なお、当然のことながら第1〜第3の各工程は炭化装置内で同時進行で行われる。
具体的には、保管しておいた乾燥バイオマスを第1工程で使用した既存の炭化炉内に投入する。上述の通り、第1〜第3工程の適当なタイミングで低水分率バイオマス由来の炭化燃料を当該炭化炉から取り出しておくので、第4工程の開始時点では当該炭化炉内に低水分率バイオマス由来の炭化燃料は残存していない。すなわち、本発明では炭化炉内で低水分率バイオマスと高水分率バイオマス(乾燥バイオマス)とが混在することがない。
そして、炭化炉内の乾燥バイオマスを熱分解させることで高水分率バイオマス由来の炭化燃料を得ると共に乾留ガスを発生させる。得られた炭化燃料は第4〜第6工程の適当なタイミングで炭化炉から取り出しておく。
具体的には上記第2工程と同様に、第4工程で得た乾留ガスに酸素(空気)を供給して燃焼させることで高温ガスを発生させる。そして、この高温ガスを炭化炉から乾燥機にまで至る流路内で必要に応じて空気と混合することで適温に調節した上で乾燥機内に導入する。乾燥機内には予め高水分率バイオマスを一種類又は複数種類投入しておき、上記高温ガスに晒して乾燥させることで水分を蒸発させ、乾燥バイオマスを得る。
第6工程終了後は再び第4工程から繰り返し、保管した乾燥バイオマスを炭化炉内で熱分解させる。なお、当然のことながら第4〜第6の各工程は炭化装置内で同時進行で行われる。
Claims (3)
- 低水分率バイオマスを炭化炉内で熱分解させて低水分率バイオマス由来の炭化燃料と乾留ガスを得る第1工程と、
第1工程で得た乾留ガスの二次燃焼により得た高温ガスを利用して乾燥機内の高水分率バイオマスを乾燥させて乾燥バイオマスを得る第2工程と、
第2工程で得た乾燥バイオマスを保管しておく第3工程とからなる3つの工程を一定期間連続して行い、
その後、保管しておいた乾燥バイオマスを前記第1工程で使用した炭化炉と同一の炭化炉内で熱分解させて高水分率バイオマス由来の炭化燃料と乾留ガスを得る第4工程と、
第4工程で得た乾留ガスの二次燃焼により得た高温ガスを利用して乾燥機内の高水分率バイオマスを乾燥させて乾燥バイオマスを得る第5工程と、
第5工程で得た乾燥バイオマスを保管しておく第6工程とからなる3つの工程を一定期間連続して行うことを特徴とする炭化方法。 - 高水分率バイオマスが下水汚泥、家畜糞尿及び食品残渣のうち少なくとも一つを含む有機性廃棄物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の炭化方法。
- 低水分率バイオマスが籾殻、ヤシガラ及び木材のうち少なくとも一つを含む有機性廃棄物であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の炭化方法。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014022184A JP5636527B1 (ja) | 2014-02-07 | 2014-02-07 | 炭化方法 |
PCT/JP2015/053322 WO2015119228A1 (ja) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-02-06 | 炭化方法 |
KR1020167022980A KR101744524B1 (ko) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-02-06 | 탄화방법 |
TW104104169A TWI574750B (zh) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-02-06 | 碳化方法 |
CN201580003694.7A CN105874037A (zh) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-02-06 | 碳化方法 |
EP15747002.2A EP3103857A4 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-02-06 | Carbonization method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014022184A JP5636527B1 (ja) | 2014-02-07 | 2014-02-07 | 炭化方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP5636527B1 true JP5636527B1 (ja) | 2014-12-10 |
JP2015147887A JP2015147887A (ja) | 2015-08-20 |
Family
ID=52145608
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014022184A Expired - Fee Related JP5636527B1 (ja) | 2014-02-07 | 2014-02-07 | 炭化方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3103857A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5636527B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101744524B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105874037A (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI574750B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015119228A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019103551A1 (ko) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-05-31 | 주식회사 유기산업 | 바이오매스를 이용한 바오오차 제조 장치 및 제조방법 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10410942B2 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-09-10 | Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. | Semiconductor device package and method for manufacturing the same |
CN109294604A (zh) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江田成环境科技有限公司 | 一种生物质碳化方法 |
KR102205450B1 (ko) | 2020-12-11 | 2021-01-25 | 주식회사 원천환경기술 | 축분을 주원료로 한 고체연료화 시스템 및 그 방법 |
KR102591019B1 (ko) | 2021-09-09 | 2023-10-17 | 김정길 | 가축분뇨의 탄화 연소장치 |
KR102521749B1 (ko) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-04-17 | 주식회사 케이아그로 | 폐비닐 분해 시스템을 이용한 가축분뇨로부터 고체연료 및 바이오차의 제조 방법 및 시스템 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006282914A (ja) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-19 | Nippon Steel Corp | バイオマスコークスの製造方法 |
JP2008201964A (ja) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-09-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 固体燃料の製造方法及びシステム |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005054059A (ja) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-03-03 | Suntory Ltd | 炭化装置及び炭化システム及び炭化方法 |
CN101376813B (zh) * | 2007-08-28 | 2011-12-21 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 高含水有机物的碳化处理方法及其装置 |
JP2010241936A (ja) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-28 | Masanami Tekko:Kk | 炭化燃料の製造方法 |
CN101818081B (zh) * | 2010-03-23 | 2013-04-24 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | 一种通过炭化将生物质制造合成气的工艺方法及*** |
CN102994103A (zh) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-27 | 邢献军 | 一种生物质干燥炭化炉 |
CN202543017U (zh) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-11-21 | 广州茵绿环境科技发展有限公司 | 生化污泥干燥装置 |
US8198493B1 (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-06-12 | Earth Care Products, Inc. | High energy efficiency biomass conversion process |
CN103449701B (zh) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-04-08 | 湖州宜可欧环保科技有限公司 | 一种炼油厂污泥炭化处理及炭回收的方法及装置 |
-
2014
- 2014-02-07 JP JP2014022184A patent/JP5636527B1/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-02-06 KR KR1020167022980A patent/KR101744524B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-02-06 TW TW104104169A patent/TWI574750B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-02-06 WO PCT/JP2015/053322 patent/WO2015119228A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-02-06 CN CN201580003694.7A patent/CN105874037A/zh active Pending
- 2015-02-06 EP EP15747002.2A patent/EP3103857A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006282914A (ja) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-19 | Nippon Steel Corp | バイオマスコークスの製造方法 |
JP2008201964A (ja) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-09-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 固体燃料の製造方法及びシステム |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019103551A1 (ko) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-05-31 | 주식회사 유기산업 | 바이오매스를 이용한 바오오차 제조 장치 및 제조방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201531343A (zh) | 2015-08-16 |
WO2015119228A1 (ja) | 2015-08-13 |
KR101744524B1 (ko) | 2017-06-08 |
JP2015147887A (ja) | 2015-08-20 |
EP3103857A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
TWI574750B (zh) | 2017-03-21 |
CN105874037A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
EP3103857A4 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
KR20160104091A (ko) | 2016-09-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5636527B1 (ja) | 炭化方法 | |
Ghodake et al. | Review on biomass feedstocks, pyrolysis mechanism and physicochemical properties of biochar: State-of-the-art framework to speed up vision of circular bioeconomy | |
JP5501644B2 (ja) | バイオマス炭の製造方法およびこれに用いるバイオマス炭の製造装置 | |
Ulusoy et al. | Energy and emission benefits of chicken manure biogas production—A case study | |
WO2008076944A1 (en) | Pyrolysis biomass chain reactor for clean energy production in closed loop | |
CN101270290A (zh) | 一种机制木炭生产工艺 | |
Capareda | Biomass energy conversion | |
SE2151189A1 (en) | Biomass gasification conversion system and method | |
Alengebawy et al. | Rice straw for energy and value-added products in China: a review | |
Salman et al. | Identification of thermochemical pathways for the energy and nutrient recovery from digested sludge in wastewater treatment plants | |
Đurđević et al. | Energy potential of digestate produced by anaerobic digestion in biogas power plants: The case study of Croatia | |
Li et al. | Life cycle water footprint assessment of syngas production from biomass chemical looping gasification | |
Al Afif et al. | Experimental and simulation study of hydrochar production from cotton stalks | |
JP2010241936A (ja) | 炭化燃料の製造方法 | |
Thiagarajan et al. | A review of thermo-chemical energy conversion process of non-edible seed cakes | |
US20160376205A1 (en) | Method and system of treating biomass wastes by biochemistry-thermochemistry multi-point interconnection | |
KR101691723B1 (ko) | 폐유기물 함유 연료펠렛의 제조방법 | |
Pavel et al. | Carbon capture and storage in biomass combustion process | |
Cadham et al. | Challenges and opportunities for the conversion technologies used to make forest bioenergy | |
AU2021101768A4 (en) | A System and a Process for Formation of a Renewable Natural Coal from Waste Output of a Cattle/Agricultural based Biogas Plant | |
Muhammad et al. | A method for shifting of cattle dung based biogas digester for enhanced anaerobic co-digestion of cattle dung with leaf litter of neem | |
Mukhtar | Manure to energy: understanding processes, principles and jargon | |
Kouser et al. | Techno-Economic Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment of Bio-Based Waste Materials for Biogas Production: An Indian Perspective | |
Akpu et al. | 1&2 Department of Physics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, PMB 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria 3 Department of Physics, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria | |
Wang et al. | Part II: Clean Energy Strategies for Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions in British Columbia |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20140602 |
|
A871 | Explanation of circumstances concerning accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A871 Effective date: 20140602 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A975 | Report on accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971005 Effective date: 20140624 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20140709 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20140722 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20141021 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5636527 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |