JP5624235B1 - Tsunami evacuation floats and air retention formations - Google Patents

Abstract

【課題】巨大地震の３分後に来襲する高さ１０ｍ、最大３４ｍの大きな津波にも、個人が迅速に避難できる身近、安全、簡易、安価で、水中で回転不可の津波避難用浮遊体を提供する。【解決手段】堅固な建物の部屋、屋上、もしくは屋外に設置する津波避難用浮遊体は、耐破損性、防水性、および気密性に優れた上に凸で、下に開口２を有する袋状の形成体で、生存必要空気量を確保し、内部に人が避難し、水中では下部の開口から浸水を許すものの上部の空気で浮上し、安定を保つため水中での空気保有部の高さを２．５ｍ以下としたことを特徴とする。また、前記津波避難用浮遊体は、堅固な建物の部屋では、天井までで浮上を制限し、かつ浮力と天井による反力との上下方向の圧着力、および天井面との密着力で回転を抑制することで、上下の体勢を維持し生存必要空気量の逸失を防止することを特徴とする。【選択図】図４PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tsunami evacuation floating body that is accessible, safe, simple, inexpensive and cannot rotate in water even in the case of a large tsunami of 10m in height and up to 34m after 3 minutes of a huge earthquake To do. A tsunami evacuation floating body installed in a room, rooftop, or outdoors of a solid building is a bag-like shape having an upward convexity and an opening 2 below that is excellent in breakage resistance, waterproofness and airtightness. The formation of the body ensures the amount of air required for survival, evacuates people inside, allows inundation from the lower opening in the water, but floats in the upper air, and the height of the air holding part in the water to maintain stability Is set to 2.5 m or less. In addition, the tsunami evacuation floating body is restricted to ascend to the ceiling in a solid building room, and is rotated by the vertical pressure bonding force between the buoyancy and the reaction force from the ceiling, and the adhesion with the ceiling surface. By suppressing, it is characterized by maintaining the vertical posture and preventing the loss of the necessary air amount for survival. [Selection] Figure 4

Description

本発明は、巨大地震の３分後に来襲する高さ１０ｍ、最大３４ｍの大きな津波にも、個人が迅速に避難できる身近、安全、簡易、安価で、水中で回転不可の津波避難用浮遊体に関する。 The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation floating body that is close, safe, simple, inexpensive, and that cannot be rotated in water, even for a large tsunami of 10 m in height and up to 34 m that strikes 3 minutes after a major earthquake. .

来たる南海トラフ巨大地震では、最短３分後に高さ１０ｍ、最大３４ｍの津波が襲うと想定されている。外に逃げる時間余裕はなく、一刻も早く身の安全を図らなければならない。遠くの公共避難所までたどり着けない。我が身は自身で守る発想が大切だ。一般に津波対策としては高い防潮堤、高台、高い建物が有効であるといわれている。しかし、高い防潮堤の構築、河川堤防、横断道路橋、鉄道橋の数ｋｍに及ぶ嵩上げや高台移転には莫大な予算と長い歳月、住民の合意を要する。沿岸部に高台、高い建物があるとは限らない。しかも、いずれも大きな津波にどこまでなら絶対安全という保証はない。３階建て、高さ１０ｍの屋上でそれ以上の高さに逃れられない恐怖は想像を絶する。明日かもしれない巨大地震の発生確率が高まっている。このため、ともかく逃げるしかも遠くへ、と提唱されている。しかし、津波警報のたびに避難するのは、車の運転はどうするのか、沿岸地域の住民は酒も飲めない、入浴中では着の身着のままである。空振り、オオカミ少年など、いざ津波来襲までに精神的、肉体的に疲弊する。夜中、大雨、大雪時や介護高齢者は行動を伴わない。付き添いの負担も相当である。病院のベッド患者、介護施設の寝たきり高齢者、彼らを避難させる看護師の負担、命を共にする自己犠牲は美談とかたづけていいものではない。幼稚園児も高台に誘導、てんでんに避難するとしている訓練映像も見るが、果たして体の弱い子は見殺しにしていいのか。幸いにして、津波は地震の後にしか来ない。到達時間も予想され、その制約範囲で余裕もある。ただ時間的余裕がない大きな津波では、すぐに避難、退避ができるところが身近にあることが最も重要となる。究極の身近は、明らかに建物の室内といえる。ところが、先の東日本大震災の津波では木造家屋のほとんどは破壊され流されることを目の当たりにした。それでも、命を守らなければならない。安全に、簡易に、安く、迅速に逃げられる個人家族用、少人数用が要求されるところ。そこで、身近な設置場所から、浮力を利用して水上に浮上する密閉式の球体が提案されている。しかし、すぐ乗り込めるか、回転、衝突し、どこまで流されるか不安だし、密閉構造が衝突で破れると一挙に空気が抜け生存の余地がなくなる、まさしく致命傷となり、平時の収納場所、維持管理、制作設計費用の個人負担の限界、乗り組み可能人員の少なさなど課題が山積だ。特許庁電子図書館で、津波、浮、水、空気、開のキーワードで検索した結果、２０件あり、（特許文献１）携帯式津波救命具では、頭部を包囲することで呼吸できるとしているが、激流でズボンが膨らんで持ち上がり、頭が上になるとは限らない、吸える空気体積が少なく水圧でバッグが口に吸い付く、体が漂流物との直接衝突にさらされるなど。（特許文献２）津波避難シェルターでは、密閉式で一見頑強にみえるが、例えば３０ｍの津波では体積が１／４に圧縮されるので、全方向圧力に強い球体でないため容易に平らに潰されそうで、かつ高価で庶民の手が届かない。（特許文献３）津波シェルターでは、横に設けた入口までに連通路を通るため規模が大きく、避難室に海水面が入り込まないとしている。また、自重が浮力より大きく屋外の地盤に固定するとしていることから、浮力を利用して身近な室内で浮上する場合には不向き。（特許文献４）津波待避用救命装置では、密閉式の大きな球体に入って避難するが、費用も高価で庶民は購入できるレベルになく、耐圧の密閉設計、設置場所、維持管理も大変で、迅速にその中に避難できるかも不明。 The upcoming Nankai Trough earthquake is expected to hit a tsunami of 10m in height and 34m in maximum after a minimum of 3 minutes. There is no time to escape, and you must be safe as soon as possible. I can't reach far away public shelters. It is important to protect yourself. In general, it is said that high seawalls, hills, and tall buildings are effective as tsunami countermeasures. However, construction of high seawalls, river dikes, crossing road bridges, railway bridges up to several kilometers in height, and relocation of hills require enormous budgets, long years, and residents' consent. There are not always high ground and tall buildings on the coast. In addition, there is no guarantee that absolute safety will be reached in any case due to a large tsunami. The fear of not being able to escape beyond that on a three-story rooftop with a height of 10m is unimaginable. The probability of a huge earthquake that may be tomorrow is increasing. For this reason, it has been advocated to run away and far away. However, the evacuation at each tsunami warning is what to do about driving the car, residents in the coastal area cannot drink, and they remain dressed while bathing. Swinging, wolf boys, etc., are exhausted mentally and physically before the tsunami strikes. No action is taken at night, during heavy rain, heavy snow, or elderly caregivers. The burden of attendance is also considerable. Hospital bed patients, bedridden elderly in nursing homes, the burden of nurses to evacuate them, and self-sacrificing lives together are not good things to talk about. You can also see training videos that kindergarteners are guided to the hills and evacuate to Tenten. Fortunately, the tsunami comes only after the earthquake. The arrival time is also expected, and there is a margin in the limited range. However, in the case of a large tsunami that does not have time, it is most important that there is a place where people can evacuate and evacuate immediately. The ultimate familiarity is clearly the interior of the building. However, I saw that most of the wooden houses were destroyed and washed away by the tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake. Still, you must protect your life. Where a safe, simple, inexpensive and quick escape for an individual family or small group is required. Therefore, a sealed sphere that floats on the water using buoyancy from a familiar installation location has been proposed. However, I can get in immediately, rotate, collide, and worry about how far it will flow, and if the sealed structure is broken by collision, the air will escape and there will be no room for survival at all, it will be a deadly wound, storage space in normal times, maintenance management, production There are many problems such as the limit of the personal burden of design costs and the small number of people that can be boarded. As a result of searching for keywords such as tsunami, floating, water, air, and open at the JPO Digital Library, there are 20 cases (Patent Document 1) With portable tsunami lifesaving devices, it is said that you can breathe by surrounding your head. The trousers swell and lift up due to the torrent, and the head does not always rise, the volume of air that can be sucked is small, the bag sticks to the mouth with water pressure, the body is exposed to direct collision with drifting objects, etc. (Patent Document 2) In a tsunami evacuation shelter, it looks sealed and seemingly robust, but for example, the volume is compressed to 1/4 in a 30m tsunami, so it seems to be easily crushed flat because it is not a sphere resistant to omnidirectional pressure And expensive and out of reach of the common people. (Patent Document 3) In the tsunami shelter, the scale is large because it passes through the communication path to the entrance provided on the side, and the sea level does not enter the evacuation room. In addition, because its weight is larger than buoyancy and it is fixed to the ground outdoors, it is not suitable for levitation in a familiar room. (Patent Document 4) In the lifesaving device for tsunami evacuation, he evacuates by entering a sealed large sphere, but the cost is expensive and the people are not at a level that can be purchased, the pressure-resistant sealing design, installation location, and maintenance are difficult, It is unclear whether they can evacuate quickly.

特開２０１４−０００９３７JP 2014-000937 A 特開２０１３−０８６７８９JP2013-086789A 特開２０１２−２３３３８５JP2012-233385A 特表２０１３−５３２０８９Special table 2013-532089

津波対策として、避難所を設けることは有効であるが、南海トラフ巨大地震では、最短３分で１０メートル、最大３４メートルの津波の来襲が想定されている。避難所が遠くては到底、逃げる時間的余裕などない。そこで、個人個人で助かる方法、我が身は自身で守る方法を考える必要がある。また、身体障害者、車いす利用者、入院患者など弱者を救うことができなければならない。将来の津波来襲時に人はどこにいるか不明であるが、住居内にいる可能性は半分程度で、室内に置く身近な浮遊体であれば３分以内に迅速に避難するという問題を解決できる。個人分、または親子分とすれば小型となり居住スペースが少ない問題を解決できる。費用も格別に廉価で、個々人で備えるならば莫大な国家予算と長い年月を必要とする問題を解決できる。大きな津波で水没しても、流されても引き潮までの生存必要空気量を確保することができれば問題を解決できる。また、大きな津波では大水圧がかかることは明白で、完全密閉構造であればその水圧に耐える入口扉も高価で、かつ設計津波高さでの構造設計は想定外の高さの津波には当然に設計応力を超過し、また壁が厚く堅ければ漂流物の直接衝突でうける力は強大で、破損して必要空気が一瞬に抜ける致命的問題がある。そこで、浸水で濡れることを我慢するならば、浮遊体を上に凸で穴がなく、下に開口とする非密閉構造とすれば、水没時は外水圧と内部の空気圧は等しいため想定外の大津波でも浮遊体の壁には負荷がかからず、密閉扉は必要なく、それほどの板厚も必要でなく、特別な耐圧設計、設計難度、設計責任、材料費問題を解決できる。空気は水中では上昇する。浮遊体は、パラシュートやパラグライダー、さらに熱気球のように空気をはらんで水中のどこまでも上昇する。漂流の浮遊体は、傾いたり、回転したりする。そのとき、底のない開口のまま何もしなければ、空気は逸脱するので元も子もない。その中に人が避難し、漂流物の直接衝突がなく、堅固な建物内では上昇を天井で制限し、浮力を天井の強い圧縮耐力で受け止め、天井と浮遊体天端面の密着力で回転を抑制できるので空気が逸脱する問題を解決できる。堅固な建物の屋上や屋外でもロープで浮遊を制限すれば回転を抑制でき空気が逸脱する問題を解決できる。ただし、ボイルの法則から空気体積は外水圧に応じて縮小すること、開口からの浸水で体が濡れることは承知していなければならない。上に凸、下に開口の浮遊体を上下２体の蓋構成の複合体とすれば、浸水の当初は濡れる問題を解決できる。だだし、大きい津波では中の空気体積が圧縮されると水位が上がりやがて濡れる可能性がある。小さな穴を側面下部に開けその高さまで浸水させると、それより下が回転抑止翼として働き、体勢が安定し水中で傾く問題が多少解決できる。側面下部に錘を付けても効果がある。浮遊体の底部が開口していれば衝突を受けると中の空気は下に移動し、クッションの役割をし、直接の衝撃力をかわし、免れ、変形で受け流し緩和することで、例えば暖かい空気をはらんだ布団をたたくようなふわりとした感じで強く抵抗しないため、破損して必要空気が抜ける問題が多少解決できる。だだ、空気が抜けると致命傷であることは明らかで２重、３重の袋状で安全を講じるべきである。更なる安心のために、４面に壁の盾、または垂れ幕で囲み、少なくとも前面に壁の盾、または垂れ幕で浮遊体を保護する方法も場面により有効である。材料選定も大事だ。波にもまれても空気が漏れず、丈夫で、漂流物の衝突にも耐える必要がある。ところが生存必要空気量を保持するとなると、単に軽いと簡単に浮き上がり流されてしまう。あるいは、めくり上がり空気が逃げてしまう。そこで、浮遊体をできるだけ幅広、横長とすることが望ましいが、ロープや堅固な建物の天井を利用し浮上や傾斜、回転を制限することで空気量を逃がさない工夫が必要だ。現実には床上でかがんだ姿勢で待機し、かつ天井までの浮上に不安がある人もいる。立って、すぐ天井まで行きたい。この場合、浮力ですぐ上昇するも下方向の錘をぶら下げて横揺らぎを阻止することになる。身長１．５ｍから１．８ｍ、首の長さが０．３ｍ、天井まで３ｍとすると、背の低い人が立って天井に吊してある浮遊体を緊急的にとりあえず下ろさずに首を納められる長さは、３―（１．５―０．３）＝１．８ｍ、背の高い人は床置きとすれば当然１．８ｍ。これ以上は横揺らぎが大きくなる。だが、頭がぎりぎりで余裕がない。２ｍは何とかほしい。そこで、浮遊体の４隅を囲むように天井までのパイプなどを組み立て、床、天井部の定着コネクターをねじ上げて圧縮力を導入すれば、その横方向の摩擦力で横揺れを阻止でき、かつ浮上のガイドとなりエレベーターのように天井までわずかの時間で浮上する。浮遊体の空気保有部の高さを２．５ｍまで確保できる。部屋の壁にも穴を開けなくて済む。下部の開口部を網目状とするか足がかりの部材があれば足場台は不要。枠組で水中での安定を保つことが出来れば高さの問題、浮上まで不安な人の問題を解決できる。浮遊体の自重が軽い材料とすれば浮力が自重に勝るので水中で浮上、浮遊体となり、浮力が自重に比べてやや勝る程度であれば浮遊体は安定的に浮遊し、自重が重い材料を選ぶと浮力が自重に比べて劣り浮上せず水中に留まる。例えば、１ｍ３の空気だと浮力は１トンであり、浮き上がらないためには約１トンの乗用車のおもりを想像すればその大きさがつかめる。漂流物の直接衝撃がある屋外や屋上の設置では、コンクリートを主体に選ぶ。この浮力と自重の関係から多くの場面で対応でき問題が解決する。先の東日本大震災の津波では激しい濁流、漂流物があった。それらは、最初、建物の間や道路、路地を這うようにして抜けていった。やがて建物自体根こそぎ流されたが鉄筋コンクリート造の堅固な建物の多くは窓が破壊されるものの残っていた。逆に言えば窓が破壊されたから水流は筒抜けとなり、建物本体には影響が及ばなかったといえる。そのことは、鉄筋コンクリート壁の窓際に隠れた隅では、さほどの激流とはならず回遊流程度、手ではね除けることができる、方向を変えることができるかも知れない程度ともなり、本流の激流は海側の破れた窓から反対側の窓へと抜けていく。同様に堅固な建物の物置、押入れ、トイレ、浴室などの狭くて３面を壁で囲われている部屋では、漂流物の直撃を回避できる。直接衝突を避けることができるとなれば、状況により浮遊体を設計する材質を幅広く選定できるとともに、壁厚を薄くできる。金属製、プラスチック、強化プラスチックの耐損傷性、防水性、気密性に優れた材料、シートを浮遊体とすることができ、コンクリート以外の材料の選択性の問題を解決できる。開口していれば浸水してくる。また、堅固な建物内では、強力な浮力による上昇力を頑強なコンクリートの天井壁で反力を受け止め、上昇を制止することができる。漂流物の衝突のない物置部屋に浮遊体をセットすれば、車いす利用者を容易、迅速に避難させることができ、浸水時には天井まで浮上して密着するので安心だ。事前に天井にセットしておけばスペースを取らず引き下ろしていち早く避難できる。津波の来襲時やその引き潮時の激しい水流で、軽いままの浮遊体は建物室外に容易に流され、さらなる危険を伴う。その動きを床などの壁や堅固な金具に固定した短いロープなどで浮遊体の下部を結んでおけば、浮上して天井に密着した浮遊体の天端面の摩擦と相まって抵抗し、室外に流される問題を解決できる。部屋の中では、容易に迅速に装備できること、簡易なもので軽く、置き場がないため収納スペースを取らないという日本の狭い住宅事情、個々の場面での条件を満たすニーズもある。浮遊体を折りたたみ式、収納式とすることで、日常生活の邪魔にならず、設置による室内スペース不足の問題を解決できる。平時はその中に雑物を収納し物入れの役目も果たす。浮遊体にテーパーを付けると家族分の茶碗を重ねるようにスペースを省略できる。身体障害者、車いす利用者の避難の所要時間には、下が開口のままであればそのまま避難できるので緊迫した時間の問題を解決できる。マンションや多くの従業員の命を預かる職場の低い堅固な建物の屋上に設置すれば、それ以上の高さの津波に関係なく圧縮された生存必要空気量が保持できているので、そこからそれ以上逃れられない恐怖の問題を解決できる。さらに、授業中では教室の天井、校庭に、職場などでは広場に設置すれば、漂流物の衝突を回避し、浮遊することで衝突衝撃を緩和し浮上範囲を制限すればすくなからずの人命用への問題を解決できる。密閉式でないため最後に扉を閉める必要がなく、定員には密閉式では構造安全上の余裕がなく、非密閉では余裕があり、少々の定員オーバーで閉め出すような非情な行為、後悔を伴う問題を解決できる。 It is effective to provide a shelter as a countermeasure against tsunamis, but the Nankai Trough earthquake is expected to have a tsunami of 10 meters in a minimum of 3 minutes and a maximum of 34 meters. If the shelter is far away, there is no time to escape. Therefore, it is necessary to think about how to help individuals and how to protect themselves. In addition, it must be able to save the vulnerable, such as disabled people, wheelchair users, hospitalized patients. It is unclear where people are at the time of the future tsunami attack, but the possibility of being in the house is about half, and if it is a familiar floating body placed indoors, it can solve the problem of evacuating quickly within 3 minutes. If it is for the individual or the parent and child, it can be reduced in size and can solve the problem of less living space. Costs are exceptionally low, and if you prepare yourself, you can solve problems that require enormous national budgets and long years. Even if it is submerged by a large tsunami, even if it is swept away, the problem can be solved if the amount of air required to survive until the tide is secured. It is obvious that large water pressure is applied in a large tsunami, and if it is a completely sealed structure, the entrance door that can withstand the water pressure is expensive, and the structural design at the designed tsunami height is natural for a tsunami of an unexpected height. However, if the design stress is exceeded and the wall is thick and stiff, the force received by the direct impact of the drifting object is strong, and there is a fatal problem that the necessary air can be released instantly. So, if you want to endure getting wet with water, if the floating body has a non-sealing structure with a convex top and no holes, and an open bottom, the external water pressure is equal to the internal air pressure when submerged. Even in the case of a large tsunami, there is no load on the floating body walls, no sealed doors are required, and no significant plate thickness is required, which can solve special pressure-resistant design, design difficulty, design responsibility, and material cost problems. Air rises in the water. The floating body ascends everywhere in the water like a parachute, paraglider, and hot air balloon. Drifting floats tilt or rotate. At that time, if nothing is done with the bottomless opening, the air will escape and there will be no origin or child. People evacuate inside, there is no direct collision of drifting objects, the rise is restricted by the ceiling in a solid building, the buoyancy is received by the strong compressive strength of the ceiling, and the rotation is made by the adhesion between the ceiling and the top of the floating body Since it can be suppressed, the problem of air escaping can be solved. Restricting the floating with a rope on the roof of a solid building or outdoors can suppress the rotation and solve the problem of air escaping. However, from Boyle's law, it must be understood that the volume of air is reduced according to the external water pressure, and that the body gets wet by water immersion from the opening. If the floating body with the convex upward and the open bottom is made into a composite body with two upper and lower lids, the problem of getting wet at the beginning of flooding can be solved. However, in a large tsunami, when the air volume inside is compressed, the water level may rise and eventually get wet. If a small hole is drilled in the lower part of the side surface and submerged to the height, the part below it acts as a rotation-inhibiting wing, which can solve the problem of stable posture and tilting in water. It is also effective to attach a weight to the bottom of the side. If the bottom of the floating body is open, the inside air will move downward when it receives a collision, acting as a cushion, avoiding direct impact force, avoiding it, receiving it with deformation and relaxing, for example, warm air Since it does not resist strongly with the soft feeling of tapping a blanket, it can solve the problem of breakage and escape of necessary air. However, it is clear that it will be fatal if the air escapes, and it should be safe in double and triple bags. For added peace of mind, it is also effective in some cases to surround the wall with four wall shields or banners and to protect the floating body with at least the front wall shield or banner. Material selection is also important. It must be strong and resistant to the impact of drifting objects even if it is caught by waves. However, if it is necessary to maintain the amount of air necessary for survival, if it is simply light, it will float up and flow easily. Or, it turns up and the air escapes. Therefore, it is desirable to make the floating body as wide and wide as possible. However, it is necessary to use a rope or a solid ceiling of the building to restrict the rising, tilting, and rotation so as not to let the air flow. In reality, there are people who stand in a crouching position on the floor and are uneasy about ascending to the ceiling. I want to stand and go straight to the ceiling. In this case, although it rises immediately by buoyancy, the downward weight is suspended to prevent lateral fluctuation. If the height is 1.5m to 1.8m, the length of the neck is 0.3m, and the ceiling is 3m, the lower person stands and hangs the floating body suspended on the ceiling urgently, without putting down the neck for the time being The length is 3-(1.5-0.3) = 1.8m. Above this, the lateral fluctuation becomes larger. But my head is barely full. I want 2m somehow. So, if you assemble pipes up to the ceiling so that it surrounds the four corners of the floating body, screw up the fixing connector on the floor and ceiling, and introduce compressive force, you can prevent rolling by the lateral friction force, And it becomes a guide to ascend and rises to the ceiling in a short time like an elevator. The height of the air holding part of the floating body can be secured up to 2.5 m. You don't have to pierce the walls of the room. If the lower opening is made into a mesh or there is a footing member, no scaffolding platform is required. If the framework can maintain stability in water, it can solve the problem of height and the problem of people who are uneasy until ascent. If the material of the floating body has a light weight, the buoyancy will surpass its own weight, so it floats in the water and becomes a floating body.If the buoyancy is slightly higher than its own weight, the floating body will float stably, and a material with a heavy weight will be used. If you choose, the buoyancy will not be inferior to its own weight and will stay underwater. For example, if the air is 1m3, the buoyancy is 1 ton, and if you can imagine the weight of a passenger car of about 1 ton, you can grasp the size. For outdoor or rooftop installations where there is a direct impact of drifting objects, concrete is the primary choice. This relationship between buoyancy and weight can be solved in many situations and the problem will be solved. In the tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake, there was intense muddy flow and drifting objects. At first, they slipped through buildings, roads and alleys. Eventually the buildings themselves were uprooted, but many of the reinforced concrete structures were destroyed, although the windows were destroyed. Conversely, it can be said that since the windows were destroyed, the water flowed through the cylinder, and the building itself was not affected. That is, in the corner hidden behind the window of the reinforced concrete wall, it is not so much torrent, it is about migratory, it can be repelled by hand, it may be able to change direction, the mainstream torrent is Go through the torn window on the sea side to the other window. Similarly, in a narrow room surrounded by three walls, such as a storeroom, closet, toilet, bathroom, etc., a solid building can be avoided. If direct collision can be avoided, a wide range of materials can be selected for designing the floating body according to the situation, and the wall thickness can be reduced. A material made of metal, plastic, or reinforced plastic, which is excellent in damage resistance, waterproofness, and airtightness, can be a floating body, and can solve the problem of selectivity of materials other than concrete. If it is open, it will be flooded. Also, in a solid building, the ascending force due to strong buoyancy can be received by the rugged concrete ceiling wall to prevent the ascent. If a floating object is set in a storage room where there is no collision with drifting objects, wheelchair users can be evacuated easily and quickly. If you set it on the ceiling in advance, you can evacuate quickly by pulling down without taking up space. Due to the violent water flow at the time of the tsunami attack and at the time of its tide, light floating bodies are easily washed away outside the building room, which poses further danger. If the movement is tied to the bottom of the floating body with a short rope fixed to a wall such as a floor or a solid metal fitting, it resists in combination with the friction at the top end surface of the floating body that floats and is in close contact with the ceiling. Can solve problems. In the room, there is a need to easily and quickly equip it, a simple, light, and small space in Japan that does not take up storage space because there is no storage space, and there is a need that meets the requirements of individual situations. By making the floating body foldable and retractable, it does not interfere with daily life and can solve the problem of insufficient indoor space due to installation. During normal times, miscellaneous items are stored in it and it also serves as a container. If the floating body is tapered, space can be omitted so that family teacups can be stacked. The time required for evacuation of physically handicapped and wheelchair users can be solved as long as the bottom remains open. If it is installed on the roof of a solid building with a low work place where the lives of condominiums and many employees are kept, the compressed air required for survival can be maintained regardless of the height of the tsunami. It can solve the problem of fear that cannot be escaped. Furthermore, if it is installed in the classroom ceiling, school yard, or in the open space in the workplace during classes, it will avoid collision of drifting objects, and by floating it will alleviate collision impact and limit the ascent range for human life. Can solve the problem. There is no need to close the door at the end because it is not a sealed type, and there is no room for structural safety in the sealed type, there is room in the non-sealed, and there is a relentless act that causes it to close with a little over capacity, a problem with regret Can be solved.

このような課題を解決するために、本発明の堅固な建物の部屋、屋上、もしくは屋外に設置する袋状の形成体の津波避難用浮遊体は、耐破損性、防水性、および気密性に優れた上に凸、下に開口を有する袋状の形成体で、生存必要空気量を確保し、内部に人が避難し、水中では下部のその開口部から浸水を許すものの上部の空気で浮上し、安定を保つため袋 状の形成体の下部から上部までの本体高さを２．５ｍ以下としたことを特徴とする。In order to solve such a problem, the tsunami evacuation floating body of a bag-like formed body installed in a solid building room, rooftop or outdoor of the present invention is resistant to breakage, waterproofness and airtightness. An excellent bag-shaped formation with an upward convexity and an opening underneath, ensuring the amount of air necessary for survival, evacuating people inside, and allowing underwater to float from the opening in the lower part while floating in the air In order to maintain stability, the height of the main body from the lower part to the upper part of the bag- shaped formed body is set to 2.5 m or less.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体は、堅固な建物の部屋では、天井までで浮上を制限し、かつ浮力と天井による反力との上下方向の圧着力、および天井面との密着力で回転を抑制することで、上下の体勢を維持し生存必要空気量の逸失を防止することを特徴とする。 In addition, the tsunami evacuation floating body is restricted to ascend to the ceiling in a solid building room, and is rotated by the vertical pressing force between the buoyancy and the reaction force from the ceiling, and the adhesion with the ceiling surface. It is characterized by maintaining the upper and lower body postures and suppressing the loss of the necessary air volume by suppressing.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体は、堅固な建物の屋上や屋外では、屋上の床、その上の錘や地面のコンクリート塊、杭、または錘と４本以上のロープで結束、連結することで浮上を制限し、回転を抑制することで、上下の体勢を維持し生存必要空気量の逸失を防止することを特徴とする。In addition, the tsunami evacuation floating body can be bound and connected to the rooftop of a solid building or outdoors using a rooftop, a weight on the roof, a concrete block on the ground, a pile, or a weight with four or more ropes. By limiting the ascent and suppressing the rotation, it is possible to maintain the vertical posture and prevent the loss of the necessary amount of air.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体２体を上下の正逆に組み合わせた蓋構成の複合体で、開口を上とした底のある内部に人が避難し、底で漂流物の直撃から保護し、避難当初の浸水がなく濡れないことを特徴とする。 In addition, a composite with a lid structure that combines the above two tsunami evacuation floating bodies upside down, and a person evacuates inside the bottom with the opening up, protecting it from direct hits of drifting objects at the bottom, It is characterized by no inundation at the beginning of evacuation and no getting wet.

また、本発明の津波避難用浮遊体または津波避難用浮遊体を有する部屋構造は、前記津波避難用浮遊体自体の上部から張り出して、または部屋の天井から津波避難用浮遊体と離れ て、側面に垂れ幕を設け、激流の漂流物から保護することを特徴とする。Further, the tsunami evacuation floating body or the room structure having the tsunami evacuation floating body of the present invention protrudes from the upper part of the tsunami evacuation floating body itself or is separated from the tsunami evacuation floating body from the ceiling of the room , provided banners on, characterized in that it protects the torrent flotsam.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体と、堅固な建物の部屋の天井、床、壁、建具、金具、枠組または錘をロープで結束、連結し、横揺らぎを緩和し、室外への流出を防止することを特徴とする。 In addition, the tsunami evacuation floating body and the ceiling, floor, wall, joinery, metal fittings, frame or weight of a solid building room are bound and connected with a rope to reduce lateral fluctuation and prevent outflow to the outside. It is characterized by that.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体の側面下部に***を設け、意図的に浸水を促すこととし、水中での回転を抑制することを特徴とする。 Moreover, a small hole is provided in the lower part of the side surface of the floating body for tsunami evacuation to intentionally promote flooding and to suppress rotation in water.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体を折りたたみ式としたことを特徴とする。 The tsunami evacuation floating body is foldable.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体の内部に上に凸、下に開口を有する前記袋状の形成体を２重または３重に設けたことを特徴とする。 Further, the bag-shaped formed body having a convexity upward and an opening downward is provided in the tsunami evacuation floating body in a double or triple manner.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体の側面の下部または底部に錘を付加したことを特徴とする。また、前記津波避難用浮遊体の内部に取手、手すり、吊りベルト、またはシートベルトを設けたことを特徴とする。In addition, a weight is added to a lower part or a bottom part of the side surface of the tsunami evacuation floating body. In addition, a handle, a handrail, a suspension belt, or a seat belt is provided inside the tsunami evacuation floating body.

また、前記津波避難用浮遊体の側面の縦方向に、横揺らぎを緩和し、堅固な建物の部屋の天井まで浮上するガイドとなる枠組を設けることを特徴とする請求項１、２、４、５、６ 、７、８、９、１０または１１のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。Further, in the longitudinal direction of the side surface of the floating body for tsunami evacuation, a frame is provided which serves as a guide for mitigating lateral fluctuation and ascending to the ceiling of a solid building room . The tsunami evacuation floating body according to any one of 5 , 6 , 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11.

また、本発明の空気保持形成体は、耐破損性、防水性、および気密性に優れた上に凸、下In addition, the air retention formed body of the present invention is excellent in breakage resistance, waterproofness, and airtightness, and has a convex, に開口を有する袋状の形成体で、内部に人が避難し、水中では下部のその開口部から浸水A bag-like formed body with an opening in it, and people evacuate inside, and in the water, it is flooded from the opening at the bottom を許し、上部に生存必要空気量を保持するとし、堅固な建物の部屋、屋上、もしくは屋外Let's allow and keep the necessary air volume at the top, in a solid building room, rooftop or outdoors に設置する津波避難用浮遊体の内部に離隔して用いることを特徴とする。It is characterized in that it is used separately from the inside of the tsunami evacuation floating body installed in the area.

小型、身近なので３分で避難できる。大津波の来襲にも、個人で迅速に避難でき命が助かる。身体障害者、車いす利用者など弱者が助かる。将来の津波来襲時に人はどこにいるか不明であるが、住居内にいる可能性は半分程度。我が身は自身で守るための最も身近で簡易な装置による津波対策、備えであり、迅速に避難でき、個人費用負担も格別に少ない。個々人が備えると防潮堤など莫大な国家予算や長い年月を要さない。浮遊体であるため水中で浸水を許すものの、生存必要空気量を保つことができる。水中の空気は上昇力が強いので、制御しなければ水面まで浮上するがその過程で傾斜、回転すると空気が容易に逸脱するので、ロープや堅固な建物の天井を利用して回転を制御する必要がある。浮上をガイドする枠組があればエレベーターのように天井までわずかの時間で浮上する。立って避難したい人には浮遊体の空気保有部の高さを２．５ｍまで確保できる。部屋の壁にも穴を開けなくて済む。下部の開口部を網目状とするか足がかりの部材があれば足場台は不要で水中での安定を保つことが出来、浮上までの不安を解消できる。開口としているので外の津波の水圧と形成体内部の空気圧とが釣り合って等しく、どんなに大きな津波で水没しても空気は圧縮されながらも必ず保持され、部材には特別な圧力差がかからず強度を必要としない。ただ漂流物の衝突に対しては、むやみな衝突を避ける工夫、耐破損性に優れる材料を選ぶ必要がある。底からの漂流物の直撃から保護しなければならない。開口としているので、密閉式のように定員オーバーで目の前で扉を閉めざるを得ない決断を迫られることもない。天井に吊しておけば無駄な室内スペースを取らない。ロープで下に引き降ろせば容易に車いす利用者も最も早い避難ができる。ロープで壁などにつないでおけばその長さの範囲内に浮遊を制限できるので建物からの流出を防止できる。側面下部の横に***をあけておけば、浸水し、むしろ浮遊体は安定する。平時は中に雑物を収納できるので意外と役に立つ。テーパーを付けると重ねて置きができスペースが倹約できる。折りたたみ式とすれば壁に立てかけたり、物置に収納ができたりで日常の占有スペースも少ない。日本の狭い住宅事情には大切なポイントとなる。また、堅固な建物の３階建など低い屋上ではそれ以上の高さに逃れられない恐怖を味わうことなく余裕をもって避難の頃合いを計れる。幼稚園児を連れて高台に駈ける訓練の様子もテレビで紹介され、てんでんに逃げろ、自分の命は自分で守れ、弱者はやむを得ないなどと大学教授が指導しているのでびっくりしたが、そんな信じられない教育上の問題もあり、本発明では身近に設置でき、弱者も簡易、迅速に避難でき弱者を見捨てることなく全員で助かるので良心の呵責の問題を解消できる。地震のたびの避難警報、日頃や夜間の避難訓練の精神的肉体的負担が少ないのは妊婦、高齢者には助かる。津波到達時間が数分という予想地域では、地域防災計画は移転案でしか立案できないが、個々の家庭で本発明の対策を協力依頼し、取り入れることで選択肢が広がるといえる。防災の固定概念を変えることをためらってはならない。すぐ避難できるので多くの人命は助かる。家族単位で避難できるので、バラバラで逃げて行方不明、その捜索に莫大な費用がかかることも少なくなる。従来の防潮堤の嵩上げや高台移転、津波避難ビルでは、高い建物の屋上の協力を得るとしても巨額の予算のみならず、30年以上の長い歳月を要し、想定外の津波高さに対して安全に際限がない。自然に生かされている人間。美しい海が見えなくなる悲しい弊害もない。災害は、時と場所を選ばない。それまで、明日まで待っていられない。本発明で、来る南海トラフ巨大地震の津波、さらに津波以外にも、高潮や大雨時の洪水、堤防決壊による河川氾濫時、海抜以下や天井川沿い地域の防災対策の一助としても有効である。いずれにしても、想定外の大津波で水没しても生存必要空気量を保つことができる身近の対策を、計画配置する公共避難所と組み合わせ、補完すれば、早急な地域防災総合計画の立案に役立つ。順次、個別に対応することができるので、防災予算計画の追いつかない地域などでは特に有効といえる。明日かもしれない津波には当然に、我が身は自身で守ることをためらってはならない。そうすることで行政に協力できる。全て行政頼みをしている場合ではない。簡易、安価、どの場面にも迅速に適用できるので、とても避難できないと諦めていた人、津波警報が出ても無視する人、津波が来てからやっと逃げ出す人にも光明といえる。危険と思われていたマンションが避難所として蘇るので、資産価値が上がり、逃げ場のない地域としても有り難い。多くの生徒や多くの従業員の命を預かっている学校や職場も安心。 Small and familiar so you can evacuate in 3 minutes. In the event of a major tsunami, individuals can quickly evacuate and save their lives. Weak people such as disabled people and wheelchair users are saved. It is unclear where the person is at the time of the future tsunami attack, but the possibility of being in the residence is about half. I am equipped with tsunami countermeasures with the most familiar and simple device to protect myself, can evacuate quickly, and have a very low personal expense burden. Individuals do not need a huge national budget and long years, such as a seawall. Although it is a floating body, it allows water to be submerged in water, but it can maintain the necessary air volume. Underwater air has a strong ascending force, so if it is not controlled, it will rise to the surface of the water, but if it tilts and rotates in the process, the air easily deviates, so it is necessary to control the rotation using a rope or a solid building ceiling There is. If there is a framework that guides ascent, it will rise to the ceiling in a short time like an elevator. For those who want to evacuate standing up, the height of the floating air holding part can be secured up to 2.5m. You don't have to pierce the walls of the room. If the lower opening is made into a mesh or has a scaffolding member, a scaffolding base is not required and stability in the water can be maintained, and anxiety until ascent can be resolved. Since it is an opening, the water pressure of the outside tsunami and the air pressure inside the formed body are balanced and equal, and even if it is submerged by a large tsunami, the air is always retained while being compressed, and no special pressure difference is applied to the members. Does not require strength. However, it is necessary to select materials that are superior in breakage resistance and contrivances to avoid collisions with drifting objects. It must be protected from direct hits of drifting objects from the bottom. Because it is an opening, there is no need to make a decision to close the door in front of you because of the over capacity, as in the closed type. If you hang it on the ceiling, you can save space. Pulling it down with a rope makes it easier for wheelchair users to evacuate the fastest. If you connect it to a wall with a rope, you can limit the floating within the range of the length, so you can prevent outflow from the building. If you make a small hole next to the lower part of the side, it will be submerged and the floating body will be stabilized. Unusually useful because it can store miscellaneous items inside during normal times. Tapers can be placed on top of each other, saving space. If it is foldable, it can be leaned against a wall or stored in a storeroom, so it occupies little daily space. It is an important point for the narrow housing situation in Japan. In addition, on a low rooftop, such as a three-story building that is a solid building, the timing of evacuation can be measured with a margin without experiencing the fear of being unable to escape higher than that. I was surprised because the university professor told me that training for kindergarten children to get up on the hill was introduced on TV, escape to Tenten, protect their own lives, and the weak are unavoidable. There are also unbelievable educational problems, and in the present invention, it can be installed in close proximity, the weak can easily and quickly evacuate, and everyone can be saved without abandoning the weak. Pregnant women and elderly people can save the mental and physical burdens of evacuation warnings at every earthquake and daily and night evacuation drills. In the expected area where the tsunami arrival time is a few minutes, the regional disaster prevention plan can only be drafted as a relocation plan, but it can be said that options are expanded by requesting the cooperation of the measures of the present invention in individual households. Don't hesitate to change the concept of disaster prevention. Many lives can be saved because they can evacuate immediately. Because it is possible to evacuate by the family unit, it is less likely to run away and go missing, and the search for that will be enormous. In conventional tide embankment raising, hill relocation, and tsunami evacuation buildings, even if the rooftop cooperation of high buildings is obtained, it takes not only a huge budget but also a long time of 30 years or more, and the unexpected tsunami height There is no limit to safety. A human being made use of in nature. There is no sad evil that the beautiful sea cannot be seen. A disaster does not choose time and place. Until then, I can't wait until tomorrow. In the present invention, in addition to the tsunami of the coming Nankai Trough earthquake, and in addition to the tsunami, it is also effective as an aid for disaster prevention measures in areas below the sea level and in areas along the ceiling river when flooding occurs during storm surges and heavy rains, rivers are flooded due to bank breaks. In any case, if you combine and supplement the public evacuation shelters that you can keep the necessary amount of air even if you are submerged in an unexpected tsunami, you can make an immediate regional disaster prevention comprehensive plan. To help. It can be said that it is particularly effective in areas where disaster prevention budget plans cannot catch up because it can be dealt with individually. Naturally, I must not hesitate to protect myself in the tsunami that may be tomorrow. By doing so, we can cooperate with the government. This is not the case when all administrative requests are made. It's simple, inexpensive, and can be applied quickly to any scene, so it's also enlightening for those who have given up that they can't evacuate very much, those who ignore even if a tsunami warning comes out, and those who finally run away after a tsunami comes. Since apartments that were considered dangerous are revived as shelters, the value of assets increases and it is also appreciated as an area without escape. Schools and workplaces where the lives of many students and many employees are kept safe.

上に凸、下に開口の一辺１ｍとした立方体の斜め下からの津波避難用浮遊体の透視図。The perspective view of the floating body for tsunami evacuation from diagonally below the cube which is convex upward and has an opening of 1 m on one side. 上に凸、下に５０ｃｍの円形の開口を設けた一辺１ｍとした立方体の斜め下からの津波避難用浮遊体の透視図。The perspective view of the floating body for tsunami evacuation from the diagonal bottom of the cube which made 1 m of sides which provided the circular opening of 50 cm on the upper side and 50 cm below. 上に凸、下の開口部に網目状にロープを張った一辺１ｍとした立方体の斜め下からの津波避難用浮遊体の透視図。The perspective view of the floating body for tsunami evacuation from diagonally below the cube which is 1 m on a side with a rope in a net-like shape with an upward convex and mesh-like rope at the lower opening. 堅固な建物の物置部屋の天井に吊るした津波避難用浮遊体を床に下ろして中に避難し、津波来襲時の浸水を待って天井まで浮上した様子。当然、浸水して濡れる。A tsunami evacuation suspension suspended from the ceiling of a storage room in a solid building was lowered to the floor and evacuated inside. Naturally, it gets wet when it is submerged. 浮遊体２体を上下逆に組み合わせた蓋構成の複合の浮遊体が、堅固な建物の物置部屋の天井に浮上した様子。津波来襲時の当初は浸水がなく濡れなくて済む。上下２体は、パラシュートのように短いロープで結ぶ。上蓋が浅い場合は、側面下部に***を開けると上蓋から空気が抜けるので注意が必要。A composite floating body with a lid structure that combines two floating bodies upside down appears on the ceiling of a solid building storage room. At the time of the tsunami attack, there is no flooding and it does not need to get wet. The upper and lower bodies are tied with a short rope like a parachute. If the top cover is shallow, be careful when opening a small hole in the lower part of the side, as air will escape from the top cover. 堅固な建物の押入れの下段の空間に車いす利用者、上段に介護者が避難した様子。A wheelchair user evacuated in the lower space of a solid building closet, and a caregiver evacuated in the upper space. 津波避難用浮遊体の側面下部に***を設け意図的に浸水させた様子。浸水部が回転抑止翼として働く。底部を***位置より高くしているので少しは濡れなくて済む。A small hole in the lower part of the side of the tsunami evacuation float was intentionally flooded. The flooded part works as a rotation restraint blade. Since the bottom is higher than the small hole position, it does not need to get wet a little. 堅固な建物の物置部屋の、平時は天井に吊るした一辺１．５＊１．５＊高さ１．０ｍの避難体を引き下ろし、車いす利用者は内部に避難し、天端に吊るしたバンドをひじ掛けに結び、その後の浸水により浮遊体が天井まで浮上した様子。介護者はあとから浸水で浮上したときに脚立に乗り上体を挿入する。あるいは、脚立を中に入れておき、浮上とともに脚立に上がる。Pull down the evacuation body 1.5 * 1.5 * 1.0m in height suspended from the ceiling of the storage room of a solid building, and wheelchair users evacuate to the inside and hang a band suspended from the top. It seems that the floating body has been lifted up to the ceiling due to the subsequent flooding. When the caregiver later floats in the water, he rides on the stepladder and inserts his body. Or, put a stepladder in, and go up to the stepladder as it rises. 堅固な建物の物置部屋の、平時は天井に蛇腹に折りたたんでセットしてある直径１．２ｍの浮遊体を１．０ｍ高さに引き伸ばし、脚立を足場とし内部に上体を挿入して避難した様子。漂流物直撃を少しでも避けるため浮遊体の側面を囲む垂れ幕を下ろすと水の樽状の弾性域、反発域ができる。In a normal building storage room, folds the bellows on the ceiling into a bellows and stretches a 1.2m diameter floating body to a height of 1.0m, inserts the upper body into a stepladder and evacuates. State. In order to avoid any direct hitting of drifting objects, a barrel of water can be created and a rebound area can be created by lowering the banner surrounding the floating body. 浮遊体の側面の中間を折りたたみ式とした平面図。The top view which made the middle of the side of a floating body foldable. 浮遊体の側面の境界を折りたたみ式とした平面図。The top view which made the boundary of the side of a floating body foldable. 浮遊体の天端面を中心に保ち折りたたみ式とした平面図。The top view which made folding centered on the ceiling end surface of a floating body and made it folding. 蛇腹の折りたたみ式とした側面図。天井設置に適している。The side view which made the bellows folding type. Suitable for ceiling installation. 提灯のような折りたたみ式とした側面図。天井設置に適している。A side view of a foldable lantern. Suitable for ceiling installation. 浮遊体の側面に斜めのテーパーを付け家族４人分を重ね置きした様子。It looks like the side of the floating body has an angled taper and four families are stacked. 浮遊体の下部周りに錘を配置した図。The figure which has arrange | positioned the weight around the lower part of a floating body. 堅固な建物の教室の天井に、５ｍ＊１０ｍ＊高さ１ｍの津波避難用浮遊体とその側面に垂れ幕を設置し、その囲んだ水体積の弾力性、反発で激流、水流の向きを変えるとともに、漂流物の衝撃を緩和、窓ガラスの破片の直撃を回避するとした平面図。内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下に開口の空気保持ができる形成体を離隔して内蔵。A tsunami evacuation floater with a height of 5m * 10m * 1m in height and a banner on its side are installed on the ceiling of a solid building classroom. A plan view that mitigates the impact of drifting objects and avoids the direct hit of broken glass. Inside, there is a built-in part that can hold the air in the upper part and the lower part for safety when the outer shell breaks. 堅固な建物の教室の天井に、５ｍ＊１０ｍ＊高さ１ｍの浮遊体とその側面全周に垂れ幕を利用して激流、水流を回避するとした天井吊り下げの浮遊体の天井まで浮上した様子の断面図。内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下に開口の空気保持形成体を離隔して内蔵。On the ceiling of a solid building classroom, it appears that the floating surface of the floating body that floats on the ceiling, which is intended to avoid torrent and water flow, using a floating body of 5m * 10m * 1m in height and a banner on the entire side of the floating body. Sectional drawing. Internally, an air retention forming body with a convex upward and downward opening is provided for safety when the outer shell breaks. 堅固だが低い３階建ての建物の屋上のコンクリート床にロープで結束した津波避難用浮遊体の浮上制限されている様子。入口は嵩上げしている。浮遊体であるため直接衝突の衝撃はある程度緩和されるが、浮遊体の側面全周に垂れ幕を設置し、激流、水流の向きを変えるとともに、その囲んだ水体積の弾力性、反発で漂流物の衝撃を緩和、直撃を回避するイメージ。内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下に開口の空気保持形成体を離隔して内蔵。The tsunami evacuation floater, which is bound to the concrete floor on the roof of a solid but low three-story building with a rope, is restricted. The entrance is raised. Although it is a floating body, the impact of direct collision is alleviated to some extent, but a hanging curtain is installed around the side of the floating body to change the direction of the torrent and water flow, and the floating water volume is elastic and repelled. The image that mitigates the impact of the car and avoids a direct hit. Internally, an air retention forming body with a convex upward and downward opening is provided for safety when the outer shell breaks. 屋外で、地面のコンクリート塊にロープで結束した津波避難用浮遊体が、水中で浮上制限されている様子。底部は避難入口のために、また泥土がたまり入口がふさがれないためにも嵩上げしている。浮遊体であるため直接衝突の衝撃はある程度緩和されるが、浮遊体の側面全周に垂れ幕を設置し、激流、水流の向きを変えるとともに、その囲んだ水体積の反発で漂流物の衝撃を緩和、直撃を回避するイメージ。内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下に開口の空気保持形成体を離隔して内蔵。A tsunami evacuation floating body tied to a concrete block on the ground with a rope is restricted to float in the water. The bottom is raised for the evacuation entrance and for the mud to accumulate and the entrance is not blocked. Although it is a floating body, the impact of direct collision is alleviated to some extent, but a hanging curtain is installed around the side of the floating body to change the direction of the torrent and water flow, and the impact of drifting objects is created by the repulsion of the enclosed water volume. Image of mitigating and avoiding direct hits. Internally, an air retention forming body with a convex upward and downward opening is provided for safety when the outer shell breaks. 浮遊体２体を上下に組み合わせた蓋構成の複合浮遊体で、堅固な建物の広い天井、屋上、屋外に設置する。津波の当初は浸水がなく濡れなくて心理的に安心。破損すれば致命傷となる上蓋の内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下に開口の空気保持形成体を離隔して内蔵。It is a composite floating body with a lid structure that combines two floating bodies up and down, and is installed on the wide ceiling, rooftop, and outdoors of a solid building. At the beginning of the tsunami, it is psychologically safe because it is not flooded and does not get wet. A built-in air retainer that is raised upward and opened downward for safety in case of damage to the outer shell is placed inside the upper lid, which can be fatal if damaged.

生存必要空気量は、一人１時間あたり１ｍ３を確保する。一辺１ｍの立方体のイメージである。この数値は津波来襲から引き潮までが１時間であると想定していることによる。想定と大きく異なる条件下、遠方、高台では適宜変えることができる。素潜りの世界記録は水深１２８ｍで、３０ｍまでは浮力が働くが次第に重力が勝り苦しくなるといわれている。２０１３年１２月のニュースでは、地中海の３０ｍの海底に沈没した貨物船の、転覆した船底に６０時間の生存者が元気で発見された。その程度の気圧なら体に影響がないといえる。浮遊体の外の水圧は津波高さの外水圧で、開口としているので中の空気圧は外と等しい。すなわち、１０ｍの津波であれば２気圧であり、１０ｍの深さに素潜りした状態といえ、内部空気は圧縮され０．５ｍまで浸水するが、空気は圧縮されながらも必ず保存されているため安心である。空気体積は１／２＝０．５と半分になる。仮に、浮遊体が密閉構造体であれば０．５≒０．８＊０．８＊０．８、すなわち、単純には密閉構造体の寸法は０．８に縮小する大圧力がかかる計算だが、開口しているので水の侵入を許すため内外の圧力差がなく、浮遊体は縮小せず、空気体積の圧縮相当で水位が０．５ｍ上昇するのみである。３０ｍ、それ以上のさらなる想定外の圧力に対しても内外の圧力がバランスしているので空気は１／４、それ以上に圧縮されるが、水中で上昇する空気は上に凸の天端に圧縮されて必ず残るので口を持っていけば心配なく、また密閉構造体のような特殊な構造設計は要さない。ところが空気容量、浮力、引っ張り力は計算できるとしても、漂流物の衝突、その鋭さには予想外の事態が心配される。したがって、なるべく漂流物の衝突を避ける方法、設置位置の選定、もし破れても２重３重の袋状として安全を図ることが賢明だ。当然に、空気が抜けては元も子もないので耐破損性が要求性能である。例え漂流物が衝突しても変形して受け流す柔軟な性能でもいい。底部が開口の浮遊体となることで、漂流物の衝突には運動量保存の法則が働き、移動、変形それに伴い内部の空気は下に動き衝撃を緩和することができる。密閉構造体では衝撃を直接受け、破損した場合一挙に空気が抜ける。２層構造としてもその内部体にも水圧に耐えるハッチなど特殊な装置が必要となり費用は相当に大きい。一方、開口式でも空気が抜けると致命傷であることは明らかで２重、３重の安全を講じるべきである。ただ極端にいえば３重目の内部はゴミのポリ袋程度の強度で十分である。更なる安心のためには、部屋の広さなどの状況により少なくとも前面の盾、垂れ幕、もしくは４面を囲むことで出来る水体積の弾力正、反発などで衝突緩和し、浮遊体を保護すればより有効である。衝撃緩和には、配送の割れ物を包む荷造り用のシート、水玉のような空気玉のシート、いわゆるプチプチシートやゴムが有効といえる。底部を開口としているので、水没中は浸水があり水面と接触しているが生存必要空気量は抜けないで穴のない上方に保持される。全体を密閉構造体とすれば大圧力がかかり壁厚が大となるが、開口していれば内外の圧力が等しくバランスしているのでさほどの壁厚を要さない。堅固な建物の漂流物が当たりにくい３面が壁に囲まれた窓のない物置部屋の天井に吊り下げれば、日常の邪魔なスペースを取らない。介護者が天井から下し、底部が開口していると身体障害者、車いす利用者は浮遊体の下にスムーズに移動でき、内部に吊るしたロープ、バンドをひじ掛けに引っかけるだけで迅速に避難体制が整う。余裕で浸水と床からの浮上を待つ。介護者も脚立などの足場にのり、上体をそこに挿入するだけで、最も早い避難完了となる。体重６０ｋｇの人の比重が１．０とすれば、人がその中に避難すると空気量は１−０．０６＝０．９４ｍ３に減るが、この程度は浸水直前に底部を閉じることで津波到達による実際時間を短縮できれば新鮮な空気を確保でき問題とならない。中の姿勢を保つ付属の取手位置、内に吊るすバンドも重要で、後加工で上部に穴を開けたり剥がれたりすると致命傷となるので、リブ補強をし、そこに穴あける方が無難。側面下部に***をあけておくと浸水し、浮遊体が回転するのを抑止する翼の働きをする。下部におもりを付けると上下の姿勢がさらに安定する。建物の上層階の人は下層階の人より浮遊体内の津波の水圧負荷が少ない。かつ津波の到着が遅く、早く引けるため水中時間が当然に短く必要空気量は少なくて済む。堅固な建物の室内では壁が一次的に漂流物衝撃防止として利用できる。窓を突破した激流は反対側の窓を突破し激流の道をつくる。そうなると逆に、窓際の壁と仕切り壁との片隅や３面を壁に囲われた狭い物置、浴室、トイレ、押し入れなどは回流程度で漂流物の直接衝突を避けるのに有効に働く。浮遊体には上に空気が溜まる。たとえ１０ｍ高さの津波がきても空気は圧縮されて上に残っている。理論的には、ボイルの法則から空気体積は１／２となるが必要酸素は確保できている。ただ、水中の１ｍ３の空気に対しては、１トンほどの大きな浮力が掛かる。このため容易に水流に乗り室外に流されてしまう。浮き上がりを防止するには、およそ１トンの乗用車１台の重さで抵抗しなければならない。それほどに浮力は大きい。ところが、床にアンカーなどで固定して１トン相当を引っ張るとすれば、床への強力なアンカー打ち込み時のひびわれや浮遊体の取付け部に過大な力が集中する。そこで、強度の大きいコンクリート壁の天井で浮力を受け止めるとすれば、それ以上に上昇せず特別なおもりは必要ない。しかし、津波来襲時、引き潮時の水流で室外に持っていかれると危険となるので、移動を制限する長さ、室外までの長さのロープで結んでおくなど対策を講じれば安心。この場合のロープにかかる力は、浮遊体が天井に留まっている場合は強い力で密着しているので、横移動の心配はないが、浮遊している場合は人の体重程度の６０ｋｇ程度の引っ張り力で手繰り寄せることもでき、この程度の張力は床のアンカーや建具金具へのロープ結束などで容易に確保できでるので流出することはないといえる。空気量を多く確保するために天井高さまでの長い浮遊体とすると水流の横方向の揺らぎと浮力で不安定となり足下からさらわれ、逆に空気が根こそぎ持っていかれる可能性があるので、浮遊体の高さは浮遊体の天端部の幅より短くするか、工夫が必要だ。現実には床上でかがんだ姿勢で待機し、かつ天井までの浮上に不安がある人もいる。立って、すぐ天井まで行きたい。この場合、浮力ですぐ上昇するも下方向の錘をぶら下げて横揺らぎを阻止することになる。身長１．５ｍから１．８ｍ、首の長さが０．３ｍ、天井まで３ｍとすると、背の低い人が立って天井に吊してある浮遊体を緊急的にとりあえず下ろさずに首を納められる長さは、３―（１．５―０．３）＝１．８ｍ、背の高い人は床置きとすれば当然１．８ｍ。これ以上は横揺らぎが大きくなる。だが、頭がぎりぎりで余裕がない。２ｍは何とかほしい。そこで、浮遊体の４隅を囲むように天井までのパイプなどを組み立て、床、天井部の定着コネクターをねじ上げて圧縮力を導入すれば、その横方向の摩擦力で横揺れを阻止でき、かつ浮上のガイドとなりエレベーターのように天井までわずかの時間で浮上する。浮遊体の空気保有部の高さを２．５ｍまで確保できる。部屋の壁にも穴を開けなくて済む。下部の開口部を図３の網目状とするか図２の足がかりの部材があれば足場台は不要。枠組で水中での安定を保つことが出来れば高さの問題、浮上の不安の問題を解決できる。天井吊りの場合で蛇腹、提灯のような折りたたみ式などで収納するとさらにスペースを取らない。テーパーを付ければ家族分を積み重ねておくことができスペースを取らない。濡れるのが嫌な人のために、浮遊体２体を上下逆に組み合わせた蓋構成の複合の浮遊体とすれば、津波来襲時の当初は浸水がなく濡れなくて済む。上下２体は、パラシュートのように短いロープで結ぶ。上蓋が浅い場合や長いロープでは上からの大波で開口から浸水するので危険。当然に底の開口や側面下部に***を開けると上蓋から空気が押し出されるので危険。ただし、３０ｍほどの津波高さでは空気体積が１／４に圧縮されるので、いずれ濡れることは覚悟しなければならない。津波避難用浮遊体の開口とする底部分を、図１、８、９のように丸々開口とするか、図２、４、７のように底部分の一部分を開口とするか、底部分を穴あき多孔質パネルとするか、図３、１５、１６、１７、１８のように網目状のロープとするかは、場面により選択する。丸々開口であれば当然に廉価で、かつ迅速に避難できる。比較的上部まで浮上する場合は底に人が座れたり、頼れたりする手がかり、足がかり、腰がかりとなる網目状のロープ、上の取手からロープがあった方が楽である。いずれも水中で回転しては空気が抜けて元も子もない。水中では空気の上昇力が強い。横波で揺らいだり、傾いたりしても空気が塊となって外に逃げやすい。回転しない条件下に、またはその条件に整えなくてはならない。堅固な建物の部屋内の窓際の壁の片隅に設置すれば、水没、浸水時に天井まで浮上し、天井に張り付いて留まる。床にロープで結束すれば来襲時や引き潮時に室外へもって行かれる流出の恐れを阻止できる。避難者は底部に体重がかかるように姿勢を保たなければならない。そのためにもシートベルトや取手、手すりが役立つ。避難者が背面にもたれ掛かると浮遊体は傾き開口部から空気が逃げるので注意が必要で、そのためにも取手は大事だ。水中では、尻が片隅に偏より重くなると底部が少し上に傾き空気が逃げやすくなる。堅固な建物の物置、押入れ、浴室、トイレなど３面が壁の狭い部屋に設置すれば、漂流物の直接衝突を避けることができ、かつ流出も阻止できる。なるべく壁沿いとすることで壁による拘束を利用することができ、水中での空気保有の膨らみ、形状の乱れが安定する。壁沿いとならず離隔が大きい場合は、浮遊体が水流の浮力で、横上に傾き、崩れようとし、あるいは開口部がめくりあがり天井にまで持ち上がって全空気量が逸失する可能性がある。その場合のためにも浮遊体の高さは天端の幅以下とすることが望ましい。もしくは下に錘、アンカーで引っ張り、形状の乱れ、浮上を制限させる、枠組で横移動を制限するなど工夫が必要である。建物の広い部屋、屋上、屋外など激流が予想される場所では、浮遊体であるため激流とその漂流物を受け流す効果があるが、さらに津波避難用浮遊体の側面に垂れ幕で囲むと、その囲んだ水体積の弾力性、反発で激流、水流の向きを変えるとともに、漂流物の衝撃を緩和、窓ガラスなどの鋭利な破片の直撃を回避することができる。漂流物衝突防止のためにコンクリートブロックで周囲を囲むことも考えられる。そして、津波避難用浮遊体の内部に、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下に開口の空気保持ができる形成体を壁に離隔して内蔵しておけばさらに安心。浮輪、懐中電灯、スクーバ・タンク、ロープ、タオル、サイフォン作用で浸水を出したり、空気を吸ったりできるホースなどを必要に応じて用意しておけば何かと備えとなる。木造家屋内では家自体がバラバラになると浮遊体は水中に放り出され回転して天地が逆転、空気が一挙に抜けるので不適当。どうしても屋外の庭まで行かなくてはならない。 The necessary air volume for survival is 1m3 per person per hour. It is an image of a cube with a side of 1 m. This figure is based on the assumption that it takes 1 hour from the tsunami attack to the ebb tide. Under far different conditions than expected, it can be changed appropriately at a distance or on a hill. The world record of submergence is at a depth of 128m, and buoyancy works up to 30m, but gravity is said to gradually win and become difficult. In December 2013 news, a 60-hour survivor was energetically found on the overturned bottom of a cargo ship that sank 30 meters in the Mediterranean Sea. That level of pressure can be said to have no effect on the body. The water pressure outside the floating body is the tsunami-high water pressure, and since it is an opening, the air pressure inside is equal to the outside. That is, if it is a 10m tsunami, it is 2 atm, and it can be said that it is in a state where it is submerged to a depth of 10m, and the internal air is compressed and submerged to 0.5m, but the air is always stored even though it is compressed. It is. The air volume is halved at 1/2 = 0.5. If the floating body is a sealed structure, 0.5 ≒ 0.8 * 0.8 * 0.8, that is, it is simply a calculation that requires a large pressure to reduce the size of the sealed structure to 0.8. Since it is open, there is no pressure difference between inside and outside to allow water intrusion, the floating body does not shrink, and the water level only rises by 0.5 m corresponding to the compression of the air volume. The air is compressed to 1/4 or more because the internal and external pressures are balanced against further unexpected pressure of 30m or more, but the air rising in the water is at the top of the convex top Since it will always remain compressed, there is no need to worry if you have a mouth, and no special structural design like a sealed structure is required. However, even if the air capacity, buoyancy, and pulling force can be calculated, the impact of the drifting objects and their sharpness are a concern. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid the collision of drifting objects as much as possible, to select the installation position, and to ensure safety as a double or triple bag shape if it is torn. Naturally, if the air is removed, there is no element and no child, so damage resistance is the required performance. Even if a drifting object collides, it may be deformed and receive a flexible performance. Since the bottom is a floating body, the law of conservation of momentum works in the collision of drifting objects, and the internal air moves downward along with the movement and deformation, and the impact can be reduced. The sealed structure is directly impacted, and if it is damaged, the air escapes all at once. As a two-layer structure, a special device such as a hatch that can withstand water pressure is required for the internal body, and the cost is considerably high. On the other hand, even if it is an open type, it is obvious that it is fatal if air escapes, and double and triple safety should be taken. However, in extreme terms, the strength of the plastic interior of the third layer is sufficient. For further peace of mind, if the space is sized, the collision can be mitigated by the elasticity of the water volume that can be surrounded by at least the front shield, the curtain, or the four sides, and the rebound, etc. It is more effective. In order to mitigate the impact, it can be said that a packing sheet that wraps a crack in delivery, an air ball sheet such as a polka dot, a so-called bubble wrap sheet, and rubber are effective. Since the bottom is an opening, there is water immersion during submergence and it is in contact with the surface of the water, but the amount of air required for survival does not escape and is held upward without a hole. If the whole is a sealed structure, a large pressure is applied and the wall thickness is increased. However, if the opening is opened, the internal and external pressures are equally balanced, so that the wall thickness is not so large. If you hang it on the ceiling of a storage room without windows that is surrounded by three walls that are hard to hit the drifting objects of a solid building, you won't take up the usual disturbing space. When the caregiver is lowered from the ceiling and the bottom is open, the handicapped and wheelchair users can move smoothly under the floating body and quickly evacuate simply by hooking the rope and band suspended inside the armrest. Is ready. Wait for inundation and ascent from the floor. The caregiver can complete the earliest evacuation by simply placing the upper body on a stepladder or other scaffolding. If the specific gravity of a person with a weight of 60 kg is 1.0, the air volume will decrease to 1-0.06 = 0.94m3 when a person evacuates into it, but this level will reach the tsunami by closing the bottom just before flooding If the actual time can be shortened, fresh air can be secured and there will be no problem. The position of the attached handle that keeps the inside posture and the band that hangs inside are also important. If a hole is made in the upper part or peeled off in post-processing, it will be fatal, so it is better to reinforce the rib and make a hole there. If a small hole is made in the lower part of the side, it will be submerged and will act as a wing that prevents the floating body from rotating. If you put a weight on the bottom, the vertical posture will be more stable. People on the upper floors of the building have less tsunami water pressure load than those on the lower floors. Also, the arrival of the tsunami is slow and it can be pulled quickly, so the underwater time is naturally short and the required air volume is small. In a solid building room, the walls can be used primarily to prevent drifting object impacts. The torrent that broke through the window broke through the window on the opposite side, creating a path of torrent. On the other hand, narrow corners, bathrooms, toilets, closets, etc., which are surrounded by one corner or three sides of the wall and partition wall at the window, work effectively to avoid direct collision of drifting objects. Air accumulates on the floating body. Even if a tsunami 10m high, the air is compressed and remains on top. Theoretically, according to Boyle's law, the air volume is halved, but the necessary oxygen can be secured. However, a large buoyancy of about 1 ton is applied to 1m3 of underwater air. For this reason, it is easily washed away by the water stream and out of the room. To prevent lifting, you have to resist with the weight of one passenger car of about 1 ton. So much buoyancy. However, if it is fixed to the floor with an anchor or the like and pulled to the equivalent of 1 ton, excessive force concentrates on cracks when the anchor is driven into the floor and on the attachment part of the floating body. Therefore, if the buoyancy is received by the ceiling of the concrete wall with high strength, it does not rise any further and no special weight is required. However, if the tsunami strikes, it will be dangerous if it is taken outside by the water flow at the time of the tide, so it is safe to take measures such as tying it with a rope that limits the length of movement and the length to the outdoors. If the floating body stays on the ceiling, the force applied to the rope in this case is closely attached, so there is no worry of lateral movement, but if it is floating, it is about 60 kg, which is about the weight of a person. It can also be pulled by pulling force, and this level of tension can be easily secured by rope anchoring to floor anchors or joinery fittings, so it can be said that it will not flow out. If a floating body up to the ceiling height is used to secure a large amount of air, it will become unstable due to the lateral fluctuations and buoyancy of the water flow and will be swept away from the feet, and conversely the air may be taken up by the floating body. The height of is shorter than the width of the top of the floating body, or some ingenuity is required. In reality, there are people who stand in a crouching position on the floor and are uneasy about ascending to the ceiling. I want to stand and go straight to the ceiling. In this case, although it rises immediately by buoyancy, the downward weight is suspended to prevent lateral fluctuation. If the height is 1.5m to 1.8m, the length of the neck is 0.3m, and the ceiling is 3m, the lower person stands and hangs the floating body suspended on the ceiling urgently, without putting down the neck for the time being The length is 3-(1.5-0.3) = 1.8m. Above this, the lateral fluctuation becomes larger. But my head is barely full. I want 2m somehow. So, if you assemble pipes up to the ceiling so that it surrounds the four corners of the floating body, screw up the fixing connector on the floor and ceiling, and introduce compressive force, you can prevent rolling by the lateral friction force, And it becomes a guide to ascend and rises to the ceiling in a short time like an elevator. The height of the air holding part of the floating body can be secured up to 2.5 m. You don't have to pierce the walls of the room. If the lower opening is made in the mesh form of FIG. 3 or the stepping member of FIG. If the framework can maintain stability in water, it can solve the problem of height and anxiety. In the case of hanging from the ceiling, it does not take up any more space if it is stored in a folding manner such as a bellows or a lantern. If taper is attached, the family portion can be stacked and space is not taken up. For people who don't want to get wet, if a floating body with a lid structure that combines two floating bodies upside down is not flooded at the beginning of the tsunami, it won't need to get wet. The upper and lower bodies are tied with a short rope like a parachute. Dangerous because the top lid is shallow or long ropes flood the opening with a large wave from above. Naturally, if you make a small hole in the bottom opening or the bottom of the side, air is pushed out from the top lid, which is dangerous. However, since the air volume is compressed to ¼ at a tsunami height of about 30 m, we must be prepared to get wet. The bottom part of the tsunami evacuation floating body is opened as shown in FIGS. 1, 8, and 9, or a part of the bottom part is opened as shown in FIGS. Whether it is a perforated porous panel or a mesh-like rope as shown in FIGS. 3, 15, 16, 17, and 18 is selected depending on the scene. If it is fully open, it is naturally cheap and can be evacuated quickly. When it rises to the upper part, it is easier for the person to sit on the bottom or to have a clue that can be relied on, a foothold, a net-like rope that can be used as a backrest, and a rope from the upper handle. Both of them rotate in water and the air escapes and there is no original or child. The ascending power of air is strong in water. Even if it is shaken or tilted by a transverse wave, the air becomes a lump and easily escapes. It must be under non-rotating conditions or to that condition. If installed in a corner of a wall in a solid building room, it rises to the ceiling when it is submerged or flooded and stays attached to the ceiling. Tying to the floor with a rope can prevent the risk of spillage being taken outside during an invasion or tide. The evacuees must maintain a posture that puts weight on the bottom. To that end, seat belts, handles, and handrails are useful. When the evacuees lean back, the floating body tilts and the air escapes from the opening, so care must be taken. For this reason, the handle is important. Underwater, if the hips are heavier than the corners, the bottom will tilt slightly upward, making it easier for air to escape. If a three-sided installation such as a solid building storehouse, closet, bathroom, and toilet is installed in a room with narrow walls, direct collision of drifting objects can be avoided and outflow can also be prevented. By being along the wall as much as possible, the restraint by the wall can be used, and the swelling of air retention and shape disturbance in the water are stabilized. If it is not along the wall and the separation is large, the floating body may be inclined to the side by the buoyancy of the water flow, trying to collapse, or the opening may be lifted up to the ceiling and the total amount of air may be lost. Even in that case, it is desirable that the height of the floating body is not more than the width of the top. Or, it is necessary to devise such as pulling with a weight or anchor underneath, restricting the shape distortion, restricting flying, and restricting lateral movement with a frame. In places where torrents are expected such as large rooms, rooftops, outdoors, etc., they are floating bodies, so they have the effect of receiving torrents and their drifting objects. The elasticity of the water volume, the repulsion, the direction of the turbulent flow and the water flow can be changed, the impact of drifting objects can be mitigated, and the direct hit of sharp fragments such as window glass can be avoided. It is also possible to enclose the surrounding area with concrete blocks to prevent drifting object collision. It is even more secure if a molded body that can hold the air in the tsunami evacuation floating body, which protrudes upward for safety when the outer shell breaks, and opens downward is separated from the wall. Floats, flashlights, scuba tanks, ropes, towels, hoses that can be used to inhale water or suck air can be prepared if necessary. In a wooden house, if the house itself falls apart, the floating body is thrown into the water, rotates, reverses the top and bottom, and the air escapes all at once. You have to go to the outdoor garden.

図１の浮遊体を、図６のように堅固な建物の押入れの狭い空間で、その中に浮遊体を入れる。回転もせず、天井までの浮遊もわずかで空気も抜けない。足元の隙間からの漂流物の衝突もない。押入れの高さ、空間寸法に合わせて浮遊体を設計する。浮遊体の高さは、押入れに入れる高さに合わせるとともに、浮遊体の高さが、浮遊体の高さの２乗と浮遊体の奥行き長さの２乗の和の平方根、すなわち浮遊体の対角線長が押入れ天井高さを超えることにより回転を抑止する。下段の空間に、車いす利用者が避難する。押入れに入る手前で介護者に浮遊体を上から被せてもらい、押入れの中へと押してもらう。上段の空間には介護者が避難する。平時は開口部を横にして中にすぐ放り出せる布団などを収納するので邪魔にならない。余裕空間のない押入れが枠組として余分な動きを拘束しているといえる。 The floating body shown in FIG. 1 is placed in a tight space of a solid building as shown in FIG. It doesn't rotate, it floats up to the ceiling, and the air doesn't escape. There is no collision of drifting objects from the gap at the foot. The floating body is designed according to the height of the closet and the space dimensions. The height of the floating body is adjusted to the height of the closet, and the height of the floating body is the square root of the sum of the square of the height of the floating body and the square of the depth of the floating body, that is, the floating body Rotation is suppressed by the diagonal length exceeding the ceiling height. Wheelchair users evacuate to the lower space. Have the caregiver cover the floating body from above before entering the closet and push it into the closet. Caregivers evacuate to the upper space. During normal times, the futon can be put out side by side with the opening side, so it does not get in the way. It can be said that the closet with no extra space constrains extra movement as a framework.

堅固な建物の３面壁で囲まれた狭い物置部屋で、浮遊体を天井に吊るしておくと、場所を取らない。天井に吊るした浮遊体を下し、床に置き全身を入れる。パラシュート、パラグライダーのような腰掛け部、図２のような部材部、図３のような網目状のロープ、あるいは穴あきパネルを設けると楽で、水没時に熱気球のように垂直に天井まで上昇し、安定し空気は保たれる。強度の強いコンクリートの天井で受け止めることができ、それ以上の上昇は制限されるので安心。１０ｍの津波が来ると内部水位は半分ほど上がるので、なるべく頭部が浮遊体の天端部に届く程度とする。素人でも３０ｍ程度は素潜りできるといわれているので大きな津波の圧力下でも助かる。その場合は、内部空気は１／４に圧縮され、内部水位は３／４にまで上がるので、図４の取手をもって口を天端部に向け呼吸しなければならないが、そうなる時間は比較的短く、耐えられるといえる。中に浸水するので濡れることは我慢しなければならない。大きな津波でも生存必要空気量は保持されている。取手があれば安心。ただし、取手部分は、リブによる補強が必要。側面下部に***を開けておくと浸水部が回転抑止翼として働き安定する。図７の底部を***位置より高くすれば少しは濡れなくて済む。浮遊体には大きな浮力、上昇力が働くがこれを受け止めるのは容易でない。例えば一辺１ｍの立方体では体積が１ｍ３で浮力は１トンとなる。これに抵抗するには乗用車１台を吊るさなければならない。天井はコンクリート壁であり、１ｍ２の天端全体面積で受け止めるので、浮力を十分に受け止めることができる。上昇力の強い空気を型崩れなく保つためには、浮遊体は高さの高い縦長とするより横長とすると安定する。浮力の上昇力と天井で受け止める反力とで密着性がよく、横流れが抑制できるといえる。縦長とするとめくれあがり空気が逸失する可能性があるので工夫が必要だ。現実には床上でかがんだ姿勢で待機し、かつ天井までの浮上に不安がある人もいる。立って、すぐ天井まで行きたい。この場合、浮力ですぐ上昇するも下方向の錘をぶら下げて横揺らぎを阻止することになる。身長１．５ｍから１．８ｍ、首の長さが０．３ｍ、天井まで３ｍとすると、背の低い人が立って天井に吊してある浮遊体を緊急的にとりあえず下ろさずに首を納められる長さは、３―（１．５―０．３）＝１．８ｍ、背の高い人は床置きとすれば当然１．８ｍ。これ以上は横揺らぎが大きくなる。だが、頭がぎりぎりで余裕がない。２ｍは何とかほしい。そこで、浮遊体の４隅を囲むように天井までのパイプなどを組み立て、床、天井部の定着コネクターをねじ上げて圧縮力を導入すれば、その横方向の摩擦力で横揺れを阻止でき、かつ浮上のガイドとなりエレベーターのように天井までわずかの時間で浮上する。浮遊体の空気保有部の高さを２．５ｍまで確保できる。部屋の壁にも穴を開けなくて済む。下部の開口部を図３の網目状とするか図４の足がかりの部材があれば足場台は不要。堅固な建物の天井部にはもともと全体的に空気が保持されている可能性があるので生存必要空気容量が大きくさらに助けとなるが、逆に地震でクラックが入っていたり思わぬところに換気口があったりコンクリート製の壁と思っていたのが石膏ボードやベニア板であったりで気密性、空気保持性が失われている可能性もある。天井は天井板、美装ボードである可能性もあり破れるかも知れないがその上の床はコンクリート壁となっているので強度は十分といえ、突き破っても心配はいらない。 If you hang a floating object on the ceiling in a small storage room surrounded by three walls of a solid building, you won't take up much space. Lower the suspended body suspended from the ceiling, put it on the floor and put the whole body. A parachute, a stool such as a paraglider, a member as shown in Fig. 2, a mesh-like rope as shown in Fig. 3, or a perforated panel can be easily provided. When submerged, it rises vertically to the ceiling like a hot air balloon. Stable, air is kept. It can be received on a strong concrete ceiling, and further rising is restricted, so you can rest assured. When the 10m tsunami comes, the internal water level will rise by about half, so the head should reach the top of the floating body as much as possible. Even an amateur is said to be able to dive about 30m, so it is saved even under the pressure of a big tsunami. In that case, the internal air is compressed to 1/4 and the internal water level rises to 3/4, so you have to breathe with the handle in FIG. It can be said to be short and tolerable. You have to put up with getting wet because you are soaked in. The necessary air volume for survival is maintained even in a large tsunami. Rest assured if there is a handle. However, the handle part must be reinforced with ribs. If a small hole is made in the lower part of the side, the submerged part works as a rotation suppression blade and stabilizes. If the bottom part of FIG. 7 is made higher than the small hole position, it does not need to get wet a little. Large buoyancy and ascending force work on the floating body, but it is not easy to catch it. For example, a cube with a side of 1 m has a volume of 1 m3 and a buoyancy of 1 ton. To resist this, one passenger car must be hung. The ceiling is a concrete wall and can be received by the entire area of the top of 1 m2, so that buoyancy can be received sufficiently. In order to keep the air with strong ascending force without losing its shape, the floating body becomes stable when it is horizontally long rather than vertically long. It can be said that the buoyancy rising force and the reaction force received at the ceiling provide good adhesion and suppress lateral flow. If it is vertically long, it must be devised because it can turn up and lose air. In reality, there are people who stand in a crouching position on the floor and are uneasy about ascending to the ceiling. I want to stand and go straight to the ceiling. In this case, although it rises immediately by buoyancy, the downward weight is suspended to prevent lateral fluctuation. If the height is 1.5m to 1.8m, the length of the neck is 0.3m, and the ceiling is 3m, the lower person stands and hangs the floating body suspended on the ceiling urgently, without putting down the neck for the time being The length is 3-(1.5-0.3) = 1.8m. Above this, the lateral fluctuation becomes larger. But my head is barely full. I want 2m somehow. So, if you assemble pipes up to the ceiling so that it surrounds the four corners of the floating body, screw up the fixing connector on the floor and ceiling, and introduce compressive force, you can prevent rolling by the lateral friction force, And it becomes a guide to ascend and rises to the ceiling in a short time like an elevator. The height of the air holding part of the floating body can be secured up to 2.5 m. You don't have to pierce the walls of the room. If the lower opening has the mesh shape shown in FIG. 3 or the stepping member shown in FIG. The ceiling of a solid building may originally hold air as a whole, so the air capacity required for survival is large and helps further, but conversely, there are cracks caused by earthquakes and ventilation openings in unexpected places There is a possibility that the airtightness and air retention are lost due to the plasterboard and the veneer board that were thought to be concrete walls. There is a possibility that the ceiling is a ceiling board, a beautiful board, and it may be torn, but the floor above it is a concrete wall, so the strength is sufficient, so there is no need to worry about breaking through.

車いす利用者用には、堅固な建物の３面壁で囲まれた狭い物置部屋で、図１の底部がなくすべてを開口とした浮遊体では、天井に吊しておき引き下ろせば装着が最も早い。図８のように介護者を同伴とすれば安心、浮遊体の中の天端から吊るしたバンドを車いすのひじ掛けなどに結べば、浸水、水没時に天井まで上昇し安定する。介護者は浮遊体の浮上後、脚立にのり浮遊体の中に上半身を挿入する、もしくは内装して浮上とともに脚立に上がる。一人であれば、図９のように浮遊体内に脚立などの足場で上半身、首を挿入し避難すれば、１分以内の避難が可能で最も早い避難といえる。平時は、天井に図９の蛇腹や提灯のような折りたたみ式とすれば日常の高さの支障にもならず、ロープを下に引っ張るだけで容積が増え、浮遊体が出来上がる。天井との収納の吊部分の耳を本体に取り付けると縫い穴の危険があり、浮遊体の外に取り付ける方がより無難だ。天井部にあるので床におく浮遊体より一瞬でも浸水余裕時間が稼げる。 For wheelchair users, in a small storage room surrounded by a three-sided wall of a solid building, with a floating body that has no bottom in Fig. 1 and is entirely open, it is fastest to install if it is suspended from the ceiling and pulled down . As shown in Fig. 8, if a carer is accompanied, the band is hung from the top of the floating body and tied to the armrest of a wheelchair. After the floating body rises, the caregiver puts on the stepladder and inserts the upper body into the floating body, or decorates the floating body and goes up to the stepladder as it floats. If one person is evacuated by inserting the upper body and neck with a stepladder or other scaffold in a floating body as shown in FIG. 9, evacuation can be done within 1 minute, which is the earliest evacuation. During normal times, if the ceiling is folded like the bellows or lantern shown in Fig. 9, it will not hinder daily heights, and simply pulling the rope down will increase the volume and create a floating body. If you attach the ears of the hanging part of the storage with the ceiling to the main body, there is a danger of sewing holes, and it is safer to attach it outside the floating body. Because it is on the ceiling, you can earn more time for inundation than a floating object placed on the floor.

図５のように浮遊体２体を上下逆に組み合わせた蓋構成の複合の浮遊体では、堅固な建物の物置部屋の天井に浮上しても、津波来襲時の当初は浸水がなく濡れなくて済む。一寸法師の茶碗に入っている感じで漂流物の直接衝突から保護される。ただし、３０ｍほどの津波高さでは空気体積が１／４に圧縮されるので、いずれ濡れることは覚悟しなければならない。ただし、３０ｍの津波高さでは空気体積が１／４に圧縮されるので、いずれ濡れることは覚悟しなければならない。場合によっては、複合の浮遊体の上下をロープで結んだ方が、上下が外れたり横方向にずれたりしなくて済む。上下２体は、パラシュートのように短いロープで結ぶ。上蓋が浅い場合や長いロープでは上からの大波で開口から浸水するので危険。当然に底の開口や側面下部に***を開けると上蓋から空気が押し出されるので危険。 As shown in Fig. 5, in the case of a composite floating body with a lid structure in which two floating bodies are combined upside down, even if it floats on the ceiling of a solid building storage room, it will not be flooded and wet at the beginning of the tsunami. That's it. The feeling of being in a one-dimensional teacher's tea bowl protects against direct impacts of drifting objects. However, since the air volume is compressed to ¼ at a tsunami height of about 30 m, we must be prepared to get wet. However, since the air volume is compressed to ¼ at a tsunami height of 30 m, you must be prepared to get wet. In some cases, the upper and lower sides of the composite floating body are connected with a rope so that the upper and lower sides do not come off or shift in the horizontal direction. The upper and lower bodies are tied with a short rope like a parachute. Dangerous because the top lid is shallow or long ropes flood the opening with a large wave from above. Naturally, if you make a small hole in the bottom opening or the bottom of the side, air is pushed out from the top lid, which is dangerous.

図１０のように浮遊体を折りたたみ式とする。ａとb の中間とcとｄの中間をくっ付けるように折りたたむ。あらかじめ折り目が必要。天端部材は省略しているが変形性能が必要で、天端面は上か下のいずれかに折れる。かさばらないためには上に折り、きれいに正方形内に収まるためには下に折る折り目をいれる。日常は壁沿いに折りたたんで立てかけておくのでスペースを取らない。物置部屋に収納も可能。 As shown in FIG. 10, the floating body is foldable. Fold it so that the middle of a and b and the middle of c and d are attached. A crease is necessary beforehand. Although the top end member is omitted, deformation performance is required, and the top end surface can be folded up or down. Fold it up to make it less bulky, or fold it down to fit it neatly into the square. Fold along the wall and stand up everyday, so you don't take up space. Can also be stored in the storage room.

図１１のように同様に避難体を折りたたみ式とし、ａとcを離し、bとｄをくっ付ける。あらかじめ折り目が必要。天端部材は省略しているが変形性能が必要で、天端の面材はａとc方向に２／√２＝１．４１４倍伸び、bとｄ方向はゼロに縮む。したがって、少なくとも一方向には１．４１４ｍの長さである必要があるので、当初から上に膨らませるか下に引込ませるかすることになる。日常は壁沿いに折りたたんで立てかけておくのでスペースを取らない。物置部屋に収納も可能。 Similarly, as shown in FIG. 11, the evacuation body is foldable, a and c are separated, and b and d are attached. A crease is necessary beforehand. Although the top end member is omitted, deformation performance is required, and the top end face material extends 2 / √2 = 1.414 times in the a and c directions, and shrinks to zero in the b and d directions. Accordingly, since it is necessary to have a length of 1.414 m in at least one direction, it is inflated upward or retracted downward from the beginning. Fold along the wall and stand up everyday, so you don't take up space. Can also be stored in the storage room.

図１２のように避難体の天端面を残し４側面を重ね折りする折りたたみ式とする。底部のaを天端部のhに４５度方向の谷折りをし、底部のhを天端部中心のiに重なるようにし、同様に４隅をたためばダンボール箱をたたむように折りたためる。あらかじめ折り目が必要。最もかさ張らない。 As shown in FIG. 12, a folding type is used in which the top end face of the evacuation body is left and the four side faces are folded over. The bottom a is folded at 45 degrees in the top end h, and the bottom h is overlapped with i at the center of the top end. Similarly, if the four corners are folded, the cardboard box is folded. A crease is necessary beforehand. The least bulky.

４面を漂流物防護の壁とし、その内部に柔な浮遊体を収納して、４面を開くときに中の浮遊体も同時に開く組み合わせ浮遊体とすれば装着時間も短く、衝突にも強く自在に折りたたんで収納できる両者の特徴を生かせる。 4 sides are used as a wall to protect drifting objects, and a flexible floating body is housed inside. When the floating body inside is opened at the same time, the floating body is opened at the same time. The features of both can be folded and stored freely.

図１３のように蛇腹を縮めるようにたたむと円状に、あるいは図１４のように提灯のようにたたむと同心円状に平らとなり、平時のスペースは最小で、天井に吊るすタイプとして、下から引っ張れば容易に必要空気容積に開くことができる。 When folded as shown in Fig. 13, the bellows is folded down, or as shown in Fig. 14, when folded like a lantern, it becomes flat in a concentric shape. Can easily be opened to the required air volume.

図１５のように浮遊体の側面に斜めのテーパーを付けると、家族分を重ね置きできスペースを取らず、収納にも利用できる。 As shown in FIG. 15, when the side surface of the floating body is provided with an oblique taper, the family portion can be placed on top of each other without taking up space and can be used for storage.

図１６のように浮遊体の下部周りに錘を配置する。錘を付ければ上下の姿勢がより安定する。この場合、内部の水位が上昇するものの安定的となり、回転による空気逸脱が抑制できるといえる。 A weight is arranged around the lower part of the floating body as shown in FIG. If a weight is attached, the vertical posture becomes more stable. In this case, although the internal water level rises, it becomes stable, and it can be said that the air deviation due to rotation can be suppressed.

図１７、図１８の堅固な建物の教室などの広い天井で、教室の壁を利用して激流、水流の直撃を回避できる部屋の天井まで浮上する幅広の上に凸、下に開口の天井吊り下げの例の浮遊体では、５ｍ＊１０ｍ＊高さ１ｍで空気体積が５０ｍ３で一教室生徒分は十分に避難確保できる。天端に取手をつけバンドを吊り下げておくと役に立つ。天井から降ろし下から入るとき、底部を床からそれだけ浮かせるので、底部があれば逆に邪魔になるが、なければそのまま人がいるところに下せるし、図３の網目状のロープとすれば浸水の浮上まで床に足を出して立って待機できるので、ロープにはそれほどの負荷がかからず、浮上時には、ロープはたわむが沈んだ分、人の体に浮力がかかるのでロープの負荷は現実に耐えられるものとなる。天井に設置した垂れ幕を浮遊体の側面に下し、窓を突き破ってきた激流、水流の向きを変えるとともに、その囲んだ水体積の弾性、反発で漂流物の衝撃を緩和、直撃を回避する。あわせて破れた窓ガラス片から回避できる。内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下が開口の空気保持形成体を内蔵すれば安心。 17 and 18 with a wide ceiling, such as a classroom in a solid building, using a classroom wall, the ceiling can be lifted wide up to the ceiling of the room that can avoid the direct hit of torrent and water flow, and the ceiling is suspended below With the floating body of the example of lowering, it is 5m * 10m * 1m in height and the air volume is 50m3. It is useful to hang a band with a handle on the top. When you go down from the ceiling and enter from the bottom, the bottom part will float from the floor as much, so if there is a bottom part, it will be a hindrance, but if not, you can go down to where people are, and if you use the mesh-like rope in Figure 3, it will be flooded Since you can stand and stand on the floor until ascending, the load on the rope is not so much, and at the time of ascent, the rope will bend but sink, and the human body will be buoyant, so the load on the rope is actually It will be tolerable. A banner installed on the ceiling is lowered to the side of the floating body, and the direction of the torrent and water flow that has broken through the window is changed, and the impact of the floating water is mitigated by the elasticity and repulsion of the enclosed water volume, avoiding direct hits. In addition, it can be avoided from broken window glass pieces. For safety in case of damage to the outer shell, it is safe to have an air-holding body with an upward projection and a lower opening.

図１９の堅固だが低い３階建ての建物の屋上の浮遊体では、浮遊体では、図３の網目状のロープを開口に配し、コンクリート床にロープで結束し入口は嵩上げしている。入口には足場を用意する。天端に取手をつけバンドを吊り下げておくと役に立つ。嵩上げで底部を床からそれだけ高くしているので、浮上の時間までの底部の網目状のロープに人荷重がかからぬよう、仮の台を用意してその上に膝または腰から下を出して立つ。上の取手にぶら下がるか、浸水とともに内部に避難するとすれば網目状のロープの強度を合理的に設計できる。屋上のコンクリート床の強度の検討が必要。住民合意で３階屋上床にアンカーが取れれば簡単。だが、コンクリート塊とすれば床への荷重が分散される。そこからロープで結べばよい。塊を高台とすれば仮台，嵩上げは必要でなくなる。浮遊体であるため直接衝突の衝撃はある程度緩和されるが、浮遊体の側面に垂れ幕を設置し、激流、水流の向きを変えるとともに、その囲んだ水体積の弾力性、反発で漂流物の衝撃を緩和、直撃を回避することができる。漂流物衝突防止のためにコンクリートブロックで周囲を囲むことも考えられる。内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下が開口の空気保持形成体を離隔して内蔵すれば安心。 In the floating body of the solid but low three-story building of FIG. 19, the mesh-like rope of FIG. 3 is arranged in the opening, and the entrance is raised by binding the rope to the concrete floor. Prepare a scaffold at the entrance. It is useful to hang a band with a handle on the top. Since the bottom is raised from the floor by raising the floor, prepare a temporary base so that no human load is applied to the mesh rope on the bottom until the ascent time, and put the knee or waist down on it. Stand up. If you hang on the upper handle or evacuate inside with water, you can rationally design the strength of the mesh rope. It is necessary to examine the strength of the concrete floor on the roof. It is easy if the anchor can be taken on the 3rd floor rooftop by the residents' agreement. However, if it is made of concrete, the load on the floor will be dispersed. Just tie it from there. If the lump is made high, temporary table and raising are not necessary. The impact of direct impact is mitigated to some extent because it is a floating body, but a banner is installed on the side of the floating body to change the direction of torrent and water flow, and the elasticity of the enclosed water volume, the impact of drifting objects due to repulsion Can alleviate and avoid direct hits. It is also possible to enclose the surrounding area with concrete blocks to prevent drifting object collision. For safety in case of damage to the outer shell, it is safe to install an air retainer that is convex upward and open downward.

図２０の屋外の浮遊体で、地面のコンクリート塊、錘、杭にロープで結束して津波で水没しても水面までに浮上させず、水中で漂流することを制限する。海岸線に向かって流線形の浮遊体とすれば漂流物の直撃を受け流し、かわしやすい。底部は避難入口のために、また泥土がたまり出入口がふさがれないためにも嵩上げする。入口下に足場があれば避難しやすい。天端に取手をつけバンドを吊り下げておくと役に立つ。嵩上げで底部を床からそれだけ高くしているので、浮上の時間までの底部開口部の図３の網目状のロープにかかる人荷重を少なくするために仮の台を用意してその上に膝または腰から下を出して立つ。浸水とともに内部に避難すれば網状のロープの強度を合理的に設計できる。コンクリート塊を高台とすれば仮台，嵩上げは必要でなくなる。屋外の地面に埋設したコンクリート塊、錘、杭にロープで結束、連結し浮上、浮遊の範囲を制限する。浮遊体であるため直接衝突の衝撃はある程度緩和されるが、浮遊体の側面に垂れ幕を設置し、激流、水流の向きを変えるとともに、その囲んだ水体積の弾力性、反発で漂流物の衝撃を緩和、直撃を回避することができる。漂流物衝突防止のためにコンクリートブロックで周囲を囲むことも考えられる。内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下が開口の空気保持形成体を離隔して内蔵すれば安心。 In the outdoor floating body of FIG. 20, even if it is tied to a concrete block, weight, or pile on the ground with a rope and submerged by a tsunami, it does not float up to the surface of the water, but is restricted from drifting in the water. If it is a streamlined floating body toward the coastline, it will be directly hit by drifting objects and easy to dodge. The bottom is raised for the evacuation entrance and for the mud that accumulates so that the entrance is not blocked. If there is a scaffold under the entrance, it is easy to evacuate. It is useful to hang a band with a handle on the top. Since the bottom is raised from the floor by raising the floor, a temporary base is prepared to reduce the human load applied to the mesh-like rope of FIG. 3 at the bottom opening until the ascent time. Stand down from your waist. If you evacuate to the inside with flooding, you can rationally design the strength of the net-like rope. If the concrete block is raised, the temporary table and raising the height are not necessary. Bundling and connecting concrete blocks, weights, and piles buried on the ground outdoors to limit the range of floating and floating. The impact of direct impact is mitigated to some extent because it is a floating body, but a banner is installed on the side of the floating body to change the direction of torrent and water flow, and the elasticity of the enclosed water volume, the impact of drifting objects due to repulsion Can alleviate and avoid direct hits. It is also possible to enclose the surrounding area with concrete blocks to prevent drifting object collision. For safety in case of damage to the outer shell, it is safe to install an air retainer that is convex upward and open downward.

図２１では浮遊体２体を上下に蓋構成で組み合わせた複合体で、堅固な建物の部屋、屋上、さらに屋外に適用でき、相当に大きな津波で浸水、水中となるまで濡れないで済む。小さい子供のいる幼稚園、小学校に適している。上蓋はできるだけ深くし、はずれないようにする。上蓋となる内部には、外殻破損時の安全のために上に凸、下が開口の空気保持形成体を離隔して内蔵すればさらに安心できる。この場合は、上下を結ぶ場合は、ロープで下部と結ぶ。下が見えないと不安があるが、下に透明部分を設けると構造上の弱点となり危険。 In FIG. 21, a composite body in which two floating bodies are combined with a lid structure on the top and bottom, and can be applied to a room, a rooftop, and the outdoors of a solid building, and it does not have to be wet until it becomes submerged and submerged in a considerably large tsunami. Suitable for kindergartens and elementary schools with small children. The top lid should be as deep as possible so that it does not come off. It can be further reassured if an air holding forming body having an upward convexity and an opening at the bottom is separated and housed inside the upper lid for safety when the outer shell is broken. In this case, when tying the top and bottom, tie it to the bottom with a rope. If you can't see the bottom, you're worried, but if you put a transparent part underneath, it's a structural weakness and dangerous.

連動地震による大津波が数分で来襲すると想定される東南海沿岸地域においては、防潮堤など長期対策を待っている猶予はない。明日かもしれない来襲で、個人で我が身を守る危機感が必要だ。身近に安価で設置でき、簡単、迅速に避難できる。津波のほかに、高潮、洪水、竜巻など幅広い対策となり国土強靱化、地域防災対策との重ね合わせで、不安な生活から一変、より安全安心で平穏な日常生活が可能となる。 In the Tonankai coastal area, where a large tsunami due to a linked earthquake is expected to strike in a few minutes, there is no time to wait for long-term countermeasures such as seawalls. We need a sense of crisis to protect me personally in the coming invasion tomorrow. It can be installed at a low cost and can be evacuated easily and quickly. In addition to the tsunami, a wide range of measures such as storm surges, floods, tornadoes, etc. will be combined with national land resilience and regional disaster prevention measures, enabling a safer, more peaceful and peaceful daily life from an unstable life.

１底部が開口の津波避難用浮遊体
２底部の部材に設けた５０ｃｍの開口
３底部の開口部に張った網目状のロープ
４避難者
５取手
６補強リブ
７浸水
８水中、水没中
９車いす利用者
１０内部の吊り下げバンド
１１側面下部の***
１２着脱部
１３底上げした底部
１４堅固な建物の物置部屋の天井
１５堅固な建物の物置部屋の３面の壁の１面
１６堅固な建物の物置部屋前の廊下
１７堅固な建物の物置部屋のドア
１８天井から吊るす収納ロープ
１９引き下す底部のロープ
２０蛇腹の折りたたみ式の津波避難用浮遊体
２１津波避難用浮遊体の側面を囲む垂れ幕
２２垂れ幕の立体形状保持の骨組み材
２３脚立
３０折りたたみ式とした津波避難用浮遊体
a〜i折りたたみ式の津波避難用浮遊体の角、辺、中心の要点
→ 矢印が折りたたむ力の方向
３１点線が折り返し線
３２テーパー部
３３蛇腹の折りたたみ
３４提灯の折りたたみ
３５側面下部に巻いた錘
４０堅固な建物の教室
４１内部に離隔して設置する上に凸、下に開口の空気保持形成体
４２破れた窓のガラス片
→ 矢印は津波の激流、水流の方向
４３嵩上げ部
４４堅固な建物の屋上の床
４５床、コンクリート塊と連結するロープ
４６階段
４７地面、地盤
４８コンクリート塊
４９浮上まで人の荷重を支える仮足場
５０浮遊体２体を上下に組み合わせた複合浮遊体
５１堅固な建物の押入れの下段の天井
５２堅固な建物の押入れの上段の天井
５３堅固な建物の押入れの前面のふすま 1 Tsunami evacuation floating body with an opening at the bottom 2 50 cm opening provided on the bottom member 3 A mesh-like rope stretched at the opening at the bottom 4 Evacuees 5 Handle 6 Reinforcement ribs 7 Inundation 8 Submerged and 9 wheelchairs used in submersion A hanging band 11 inside the person 10 A small hole 12 in the lower side of the side 12 A detachable part 13 A bottom 14 which is raised bottom A ceiling of a solid building storage room 15 A surface of three walls of a solid building storage room 16 A solid building storage room Front corridor 17 Storage room door 18 of a solid building Storage rope 19 suspended from the ceiling 19 Rope at the bottom 20 Pulled down bellows Folding tsunami evacuation float 21 Suspension curtain 22 surrounding the tsunami evacuation float A tsunami evacuation floating body with a shape retaining frame 23 stepladder 30 foldable
a ~ i Folding tsunami evacuation floating body corners, sides, and center points → Direction of force of folding arrow 31 Dotted line 32 Tapered portion 33 Bellows folding 34 Lantern folding 35 Weight wound around lower side of lantern Roughly installed in the classroom 41 of a solid building Convex upwards, underneath the air holding formation 42 of the opening torn glass piece of the window → Arrows are the direction of the tsunami rapids, the direction of the water 43 The raised part 44 of the rigid building 45 floors on the roof, ropes connected to the concrete block 46 stairs 47 ground, ground 48 concrete block 49 Temporary scaffolding 50 that supports human load up to the surface 50 composite floating body that combines two floating bodies up and down 51 Lower ceiling 52 Solid building closet Upper ceiling 53 Hard building closet bran

Claims (13)

耐破損性、防水性、および気密性に優れた上に凸、下に開口を有する袋状の形成体で、生存必要空気量を確保し、内部に人が避難し、水中では下部のその開口部から浸水を許すものの上部の空気で浮上し、安定を保つため袋状の形成体の下部から上部までの本体高さを２．５ｍ以下としたことを特徴とする堅固な建物の部屋、屋上、もしくは屋外に設置する 袋状の形成体の津波避難用浮遊体。A bag-shaped formation that has an upward convexity and an opening underneath that is superior in breakage resistance, waterproofness, and airtightness, ensuring the amount of air necessary for survival, evacuating people inside, and underwaterThatOpeningPartIn order to keep stable, it floats with the air above the one that allows inundation fromBody height from bottom to top of bag-shaped formed bodyInstalled in a solid building room, rooftop, or outdoors characterized by a height of 2.5 m or less Of bag-shaped formationTsunami evacuation float. 前記津波避難用浮遊体は、堅固な建物の部屋では、天井までで浮上を制限し、かつ浮力と天井による反力との上下方向の圧着力、および天井面との密着力で回転を抑制することで、上下の体勢を維持し生存必要空気量の逸失を防止することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の津波避難用浮遊体。The tsunami evacuation floating body restricts ascent to the ceiling in a solid building room, and suppresses rotation by a vertical pressure bonding force between the buoyancy and the reaction force due to the ceiling, and an adhesion force with the ceiling surface. Thus, the floating body for tsunami evacuation according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower body postures are maintained and the loss of necessary air volume is prevented. 前記津波避難用浮遊体は、堅固な建物の屋上や屋外では、屋上の床、その上の錘や地面のコンクリート塊、杭、または錘と４本以上のロープで結束、連結することで浮上を制限し、回転を抑制することで、上下の体勢を維持し生存必要空気量の逸失を防止することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の津波避難用浮遊体。The tsunami evacuation floating body floats on the roof of a solid building or outdoors by bundling and connecting it with a floor on the roof, a weight on it, a concrete block on the ground, a pile, or a weight with four or more ropes. The tsunami evacuation floating body according to claim 1, wherein the tsunami evacuation floating body according to claim 1, wherein the tsunami evacuation floating body is restricted and restrained from rotating so as to maintain a vertical posture and prevent a loss of a necessary amount of air. 前記津波避難用浮遊体２体を上下の正逆に組み合わせた蓋構成の複合体で、開口を上とした底のある内部に人が避難し、底で漂流物の直撃から保護し、避難当初の浸水がなく濡れないことを特徴とする請求項１、２または３のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。It is a composite with a lid structure that combines the above two tsunami evacuation bodies upside down, and people evacuate to the inside with the bottom with the opening up, protecting them from direct hits of drifting objects at the bottom. The floating body for tsunami evacuation according to claim 1, wherein the floating body is not wetted and does not get wet. 前記津波避難用浮遊体自体の上部から張り出して、または部屋の天井から津波避難用浮遊 体と離れて、側面に垂れ幕を設け、激流の漂流物から保護することを特徴とする請求項１から３または４のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体または津波避難用浮遊体を有する部 屋構造。The tsunami evacuation floating body itself protrudes from the upper part of the room, or is separated from the tsunami evacuation floating body from the ceiling of the room , and a banner is provided on a side surface to protect from a turbulent drifting object. or the room structure with a tsunami escape float or tsunami escape floating body according to any one of 4. 前記津波避難用浮遊体と、堅固な建物の部屋の天井、床、壁、建具、金具、枠組または錘をロープで結束、連結し、横揺らぎを緩和し、室外への流出を防止することを特徴とする請求項１、２、４または５のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。 The tsunami evacuation floating body and the ceiling, floor, wall, joinery, metal fittings, frame, or weight of a solid building room are bound and connected with a rope to reduce lateral fluctuation and prevent outflow to the outside. The floating body for tsunami evacuation according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 and 5. 前記津波避難用浮遊体の側面下部に***を設け、意図的に浸水を促すこととし、水中での回転を抑制することを特徴とする請求項１から３または５、６のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。 The tsunami evacuation floating body is provided with a small hole in the lower part of the side surface to intentionally promote flooding, and suppressing rotation in water. Tsunami evacuation float. 前記津波避難用浮遊体を折りたたみ式としたことを特徴とする請求項１から６または７のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。 The tsunami evacuation floating body according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 7, wherein the tsunami evacuation floating body is foldable. 前記津波避難用浮遊体の内部に上に凸、下に開口を有する前記袋状の形成体を２重または３重に設けたことを特徴とする請求項１から７または８のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。9. The bag-like formed body having an upward convex and an open bottom inside the tsunami evacuation floating body is provided in a double or triple manner. Tsunami evacuation floating body. 前記津波避難用浮遊体の側面の下部または底部に錘を付加したことを特徴とする請求項１から８または９のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。The tsunami evacuation floating body according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a weight is added to a lower part or a bottom part of a side surface of the tsunami evacuation floating body. 前記津波避難用浮遊体の内部に取手、手すり、吊りベルト、またはシートベルトを設けたことを特徴とする請求項１から９または１０のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。Inside the handle, handrail, hanging belt or tsunami escape floating body according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or 10, characterized in that a seat belt, the tsunami escape float. 前記津波避難用浮遊体の側面の縦方向に、横揺らぎを緩和し、堅固な建物の部屋の天井まで浮上するガイドとなる枠組を設けることを特徴とする請求項１、２、４、５、６、７、 ８、９、１０または１１のいずれかに記載の津波避難用浮遊体。A frame that serves as a guide is provided in the longitudinal direction of the side surface of the floating body for tsunami evacuation to reduce lateral fluctuation and to rise up to the ceiling of a solid building room . The floating body for tsunami evacuation according to any one of 6, 7, 8 , 9 , 10 or 11. 耐破損性、防水性、および気密性に優れた上に凸、下に開口を有する袋状の形成体で、内A bag-like formed body with an upwardly convex and open bottom that is superior in breakage resistance, waterproofness and airtightness. 部に人が避難し、水中では下部のその開口部から浸水を許し、上部に生存必要空気量を保A person evacuates to the upper part, and underwater, inundation is allowed through the opening at the lower part, and the necessary air volume is maintained at the upper part. 持するとし、堅固な建物の部屋、屋上、もしくは屋外に設置する津波避難用浮遊体の内部Inside a solid building room, rooftop, or outdoor tsunami evacuation float に離隔して用いることを特徴とする空気保持形成体。An air retention forming body characterized by being used separately.

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