JP5600879B2 - Seeding machine - Google Patents

Seeding machine Download PDF

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JP5600879B2
JP5600879B2 JP2009039248A JP2009039248A JP5600879B2 JP 5600879 B2 JP5600879 B2 JP 5600879B2 JP 2009039248 A JP2009039248 A JP 2009039248A JP 2009039248 A JP2009039248 A JP 2009039248A JP 5600879 B2 JP5600879 B2 JP 5600879B2
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granular material
field
air
discharge
pipe
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JP2010193727A (en
JP2010193727A5 (en
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哲 加藤
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、田圃や圃場に種を蒔くための播種機に関する。   The present invention relates to a seeder for seeding a rice field or a field.

水稲の湛水直播栽培などに使用する播種機は、機体の前進に伴って泥土を左右方向に押し分けて作溝する作溝器と種子を圃場に打ち込む点播装置を備えており、点播装置は、種子ホッパ内の種子を繰り出す繰出ロールと繰出ロールで繰り出された種子を放出ロータにより、その下方に設ける放出筒を経由して圃場に種子を打ち込む構成である。   The sowing machine used for direct sowing cultivation of paddy rice is equipped with a grooving device that pushes the mud into the left and right direction as the machine moves forward and a seeding device that drives seeds into the field. In this configuration, the seeds in the seed hopper are fed out, and the seeds fed out by the feeding roll are driven into the field by a discharge rotor via a discharge cylinder provided below the seed.

特開2004−275128号公報JP 2004-275128 A

上記特許文献1に記載されている点播装置は繰出ロールで繰り出された種子を放出ロータにより圃場に打ち込む構成であるので、繰出ロールでまとめて繰り出された複数粒の種子が放出ロータの加勢によりかえってばらけ、圃場への種子の点播状態が均一化しないことがあった。
また、種子の吐出通路内には土や種子が付着しやすく、付着した土や種子が吐出通路内を詰まらせることがある。そして、放出ロータでは、作溝器が圃場に形成した溝に種子を吹き付けることができない。
本発明の課題は、繰出ロールから繰り出される種子等の粉粒体が吐出通路内に付着して吐出通路内を詰まらせることを防止でき、作溝器が圃場に形成した溝に粉粒体を吹き付けることができる粉粒体吐出装置を備えた播種機を提供することである。
Since the seeding device that is described in Patent Document 1 is a configuration Komu Chi striking in the field by releasing the rotor the seeds fed in feed roll, seeds plurality grains fed out together in feed roll is helping release the rotor In some cases, seed seeding on the field was not uniform.
In addition, soil and seeds easily adhere to the seed discharge passage, and the attached soil and seed may clog the discharge passage. And in a discharge | release rotor, a seed cannot be sprayed on the groove | channel which the groove making machine formed in the field.
An object of the present invention is to prevent seeds and other powders fed from a feed roll from adhering to the discharge passage and clogging the discharge passage. it is to provide a seeding machine having a can be Ru granular material discharge device for spraying.

本発明は、上述した課題を解決するために、以下の構成を有する。
すなわち、請求項1記載の発明は、走行車体(1)と粉粒体吐出装置(T)を備え、粉粒体吐出装置(T)は、粉粒体タンク(5)、該粉粒体タンク(5)から粉粒体を繰り出す粉粒体繰出部(6)、該粉粒体繰出部(6)に続く粉粒体移送管(7)及び該粉粒体移送管(7)の下端部に設けられる粉粒体吐出口部(T1)を備え、該粉粒体吐出口部(T1)は、粉粒体移送管(7)の下端部に接続した吐出流路出口(51)と該吐出流路出口(51)を囲む吐出筐体(52)から構成され、該吐出筐体(52)と、吐出筐体(52)の前壁面に設けられ前端に角部を有する三角形部材(53)とから作溝器(3)が構成され、粉粒体移送管(7)の下端部から吐出筐体(52)の内部に亘って、粉粒体繰出部(6)により繰り出される粉粒体を吐出筐体(52)の内部から圃場に吹き付けるエアーを吹き出すエアー配管(55)を設け、圃場の硬軟度合いを検知する硬軟センサ(40)を設け、該硬軟センサ(40)が圃場が硬いことを検知するときは、エアー配管(55)からのエアーの吹き出しを停止させる一方、硬軟センサ(40)が圃場が軟らかいことを検知するときは、エアー配管(55)からのエアーの吹き出しを行う構成とした播種機である。
The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above-described problems.
That is, the invention described in claim 1 includes a traveling vehicle body (1) and a granular material discharge device (T), and the granular material discharge device (T) includes the granular material tank (5) and the granular material tank. (5) Powder / granule feeding part (6) for feeding the powder / granule, Powder / granule transfer pipe (7) following the powder / granule delivery part (6), and lower end of the powder / granule transfer pipe (7) The particulate discharge port (T1) provided in the discharge passage outlet (51) connected to the lower end of the granular material transfer pipe (7) and the particulate discharge port (T1) A discharge casing (52) surrounding the discharge flow path outlet (51), the discharge casing (52), and a triangular member (53) provided on the front wall surface of the discharge casing (52) and having a corner at the front end. ) To form a groover (3), and the powder delivered from the lower end of the powder transport pipe (7) to the inside of the discharge housing (52) by the powder delivery unit (6) The discharge housing (52) air piping for blowing air blown from the inside in the field (55) is provided for, the hardness sensor (40) for detecting the field of hardness degree provided that the hardness sensor (40) is hard is field When detecting the air, the air blowing from the air pipe (55) is stopped. On the other hand, when the hardness / soft sensor (40) detects that the field is soft, the air is blown out from the air pipe (55). It is a sowing machine.

請求項2記載の発明は、圃場の硬軟度合いを検知する硬軟センサ(40)と圃場の水を検知する水センサを設け、硬軟センサ(40)が圃場が硬いことを検知するとき又は水センサが圃場の水深が深いことを検知するときは、エアー配管(55)からのエアーの吹き出しを停止させる構成とした請求項1記載の播種機である。
請求項3記載の発明は、粉粒体吐出装置(T)は、粉粒体となる種子を圃場に播種する構成とし、該粉粒体吐出装置(T)とは別に圃場に施肥する施肥装置を設け、該施肥装置は、肥料タンク(29)内の肥料を肥料移送管(30)及び施肥管(31)を介して圃場へ施肥する構成とし、エアー配管(55)へエアーを供給する種子搬送用ブロア(8)と肥料移送管(30)へエアーを供給する肥料搬送用ブロア(49)とを備えると共に、種子搬送用ブロア(8)からのエアーを肥料移送管(30)へ供給する状態に切替可能なシャッタを設けた請求項1又は請求項2に記載の播種機である。
The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a hardness sensor (40) for detecting the degree of hardness in the field and a water sensor for detecting water in the field, and when the hardness sensor (40) detects that the field is hard or the water sensor is The seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein when detecting that the water depth of the farm field is deep, the blowout of air from the air pipe (55) is stopped.
According to a third aspect of the invention, granular material discharge device (T) is a configuration in which sown to be the granules in the field, fertilizing device separately fertilization in the field to the powder particle discharge device (T) The fertilizer is configured to fertilize the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank (29) to the field through the fertilizer transfer pipe (30) and fertilizer pipe (31), and to supply air to the air pipe (55). A blower for conveyance (8) and a blower for fertilizer conveyance (49) for supplying air to the fertilizer transfer pipe (30) are provided, and air from the blower for seed conveyance (8) is supplied to the fertilizer transfer pipe (30). The seeder according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a shutter that can be switched to a state.

請求項1記載の発明によれば、吐出筐体(52)の内壁面への土や種子などの粉粒体の付着を防止し、粉粒体吐出口(51)の詰まりを防止することができる。また、作溝器(3)が圃場に形成した溝に、粉粒体移送管(7)から排出される粉粒体をエアー配管(55)からの圧力風で吹き付けることができる。また、圃場が軟らかいときには、作溝器(3)に泥が付着することを防ぐことができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent adhesion of powder particles such as soil and seeds to the inner wall surface of the discharge casing (52) and to prevent clogging of the powder particle discharge port (51). it can. Moreover, the granular material discharged | emitted from a granular material transfer pipe | tube (7) can be sprayed with the pressure wind from an air piping (55) to the groove | channel which the groove making device (3) formed in the field. Further, when the farm is soft, mud can be prevented from adhering to the groove producing device (3).

請求項2記載の発明によれば、請求項1記載の発明の効果に加えて、エアーの吹き出しによる水撥ねで作溝器(3)の内部が湿ることを防ぐことができる。また、エアーの吹き出しを停止させても、水があると作溝器(3)が水で洗われる利点がある。
請求項3記載の発明によれば、請求項1又は請求項2記載の発明の効果に加えて、種子搬送用ブロア(8)と肥料搬送用ブロア(49)とからのエアーを共に肥料移送管(30)及び施肥管(31)へ供給でき、肥料移送系の送風による清掃が可能となる。
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, it is possible to prevent the inside of the grooving device (3) from getting wet due to water splashing by blowing air. Moreover, even if the blowing of air is stopped, there is an advantage that the groover (3) is washed with water if there is water.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, claim 1 or in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 2, wherein both fertilizers transferring air Kara and seeds conveying blower (8) and fertilizers conveying blower (49) It can supply to a pipe | tube (30) and a fertilizer application pipe | tube (31), and the cleaning by ventilation of a fertilizer transfer system is attained.

本発明の一実施形態である播種機の側面図である。It is a side view of a seeder which is one embodiment of the present invention. 図1の播種機の平面図である。It is a top view of the seeder of FIG. 図2のフロート付近の拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the float in FIG. 2. 図1の播種機の種子タンク部分の側断面図である。It is a sectional side view of the seed tank part of the seeder of FIG. 図1のS−S線断面の繰出装置付近の図である。It is a figure of the feeding apparatus vicinity of the SS line | wire cross section of FIG. 図1の播種機の種子吐出装置の種子吐出口部(播種管)の側面図(図6(a))と図6(a)の矢印A方向からの矢視図(図6(b))である。1 is a side view of the seed discharge port (seeding tube) of the seed discharge device of the seeder of FIG. 1 (FIG. 6 (a)) and an arrow view from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 6 (a) (FIG. 6 (b)). It is. 図6とは別実施例の種子吐出装置の種子吐出口部(播種管)の側面図である。FIG. 7 is a side view of a seed discharge port (seeding tube) of a seed discharge device according to an embodiment different from FIG. 6. 図6とは別実施例の種子吐出装置の種子吐出口部(播種管)の側面図である。FIG. 7 is a side view of a seed discharge port (seeding tube) of a seed discharge device according to an embodiment different from FIG. 6. 図6とは別実施例の種子吐出装置の種子吐出口部(播種管)の背面図である。FIG. 7 is a rear view of a seed discharge port (seeding tube) of a seed discharge device according to an embodiment different from FIG. 6. 従来技術の種子吐出装置の種子吐出口部(播種管)の背面図である。It is a rear view of the seed discharge outlet part (seeding tube) of the seed discharge device of a prior art.

以下、図面に基づいてこの発明の実施例を説明する。
図1には、本発明の一実施例である播種機の側面図を示し、図2には、図1の播種機の平面図を示し(操作板は省略)、図3には図2のフロート付近の拡大図を示す。また、図4には種子タンク部分の側断面図を示し、図5には図1のS−S線断面の種子タンク部分の図を示す。なお、本実施例では粉粒体とは籾などの種子をいうこととする。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of a seeder according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the seeder of FIG. 1 (the operation plate is omitted), and FIG. An enlarged view of the vicinity of the float is shown. 4 shows a side cross-sectional view of the seed tank portion, and FIG. 5 shows a view of the seed tank portion taken along the line SS of FIG. In this embodiment, the granular material refers to seeds such as cocoons.

本実施例の播種機の粉粒体吐出装置Tは、粉粒体タンク5、該粉粒体タンク5から粉粒体を繰り出す粉粒体繰出部6、該粉粒体繰出部6に続く粉粒体移送管7、及び該粉粒体移送管7の下端部に設けられる粉粒体吐出口部T1を備え、種子は種子タンク5から繰出装置6、移送管7、種子吐出口部(播種管)T1などを経て圃場に播種される。播種機には、その他、空気を起風するためのブロア8や空気が送風されるエアチャンバ9等の付属装置が設けられており、走行車体1の後部に装着して湛水直播機としている。また播種機の前進する方向を前、後退する方向を後といい、前進方向に向かって左側と右側をそれぞれ左右という。   The granular material discharge device T of the seeder of the present embodiment includes a granular material tank 5, a granular material feeding unit 6 that feeds the granular material from the granular material tank 5, and powder following the granular material feeding unit 6. A granular material transfer pipe 7 and a granular material discharge port T1 provided at the lower end of the granular material transfer tube 7 are provided, and seeds are fed from a seed tank 5 to a feeding device 6, a transfer tube 7, a seed discharge port (seeding). Tube) Seeded in the field through T1 and the like. In addition, the sowing machine is provided with additional devices such as a blower 8 for raising air and an air chamber 9 for blowing air, and is attached to the rear part of the traveling vehicle body 1 to form a flooded direct sowing machine. . The forward direction of the seeding machine is referred to as the front, the backward direction is referred to as the rear, and the left and right sides in the forward direction are referred to as the left and right, respectively.

走行車体1は、操舵用の前輪10、10’と推進用の後輪11、11’とを設け、中央のエンジンルーム(エンジンという場合もある)12上に操縦座席13を配置し、水田の耕盤上を回転しながら走行できる構成としている。そして、昇降リンク14は、上下一対の平行リンクからなり、前部が前記走行車体1の後部機枠15に枢着連結し、後部に連結用のヒッチ16を取り付け、車体1側の油圧シリンダ17によって昇降する構成としている。そして、前記ヒッチ16には、以下具体的に説明する播種機を取り付けて支持し、上下昇降自由に構成している。   The traveling vehicle body 1 includes front wheels 10 and 10 'for steering and rear wheels 11 and 11' for propulsion, a control seat 13 is disposed on a central engine room (sometimes referred to as an engine) 12, and the paddy field It is configured to run while rotating on the cultivator. The elevating link 14 is composed of a pair of upper and lower parallel links, the front part is pivotally connected to the rear machine casing 15 of the traveling vehicle body 1, the connecting hitch 16 is attached to the rear part, and the hydraulic cylinder 17 on the vehicle body 1 side is attached. It is configured to move up and down. The hitch 16 is mounted and supported by a seeding machine, which will be described in detail below, and is configured to move up and down freely.

つぎに、播種機の構成を、図面に基づいて具体的に述べる。まず、繰出装置6は、図4および図5に示すように、外周に多数の種子溝18を形成した繰り出しロール19を種子タンク5の下側に臨ませて伝動可能に軸架して設け、その下方には種子を搬送する移送管7の始端部を臨ませて設けた構成としている。なお、種子溝18は、図5に示すように、側部の調節具20を回転調節輪21の回転調節操作によって軸19aに沿わせて左右に摺動し、種子の貯留容積を大小調節できる構成としている。エンジン12からの動力は入力スプロケット22に伝達されて繰り出しロール19の回転軸19aは回動する。   Next, the configuration of the seeder will be specifically described based on the drawings. First, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the feeding device 6 is provided with a feeding roll 19 having a large number of seed grooves 18 formed on the outer periphery facing the lower side of the seed tank 5 so that it can be transmitted. Below that, the starting end of the transfer pipe 7 that conveys the seed is faced. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the seed groove 18 can slide the side adjuster 20 left and right along the shaft 19a by the rotation adjusting operation of the rotation adjusting wheel 21, thereby adjusting the size of the seed storage volume. It is configured. The power from the engine 12 is transmitted to the input sprocket 22, and the rotating shaft 19a of the feed roll 19 rotates.

そして、種子タンク5は、図1および図2に示すように、走行車体1の後部に連結した播種機の構成部材の一つとして搭載している。つぎに、図4および図5に示すように、前記繰出装置6の下側の後に円筒形状のエアチャンバ9を横向きに配置して設け、エアチャンバ9の一端にブロア8を連結し、他端を蓋で密封して起風された空気を貯留できる構成としている。   And the seed tank 5 is mounted as one of the structural members of the seeder connected with the rear part of the traveling vehicle body 1, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a cylindrical air chamber 9 is disposed laterally behind the lower side of the feeding device 6, a blower 8 is connected to one end of the air chamber 9, and the other end It is set as the structure which can store the air ventilated by sealing with a lid | cover.

種子タンク5内の粉粒体を繰り出し装置6を経由して搬送する移送管7は、終端部側を圃場面に近い側に向けて延長し、播種位置に設けている種子吐出口部T1に連通して構成している。そして、接地面に設けて、迎い角センサ44(図1)の検出値に応じてその上下位置が制御され、表土を均しながら滑動するフロート24に種子吐出口部T1を取り付け、前進に伴って整地された圃場面に種子を噴出し、播種する構成である。   The transfer pipe 7 that conveys the granular material in the seed tank 5 via the feeding device 6 extends the terminal end side toward the side close to the farm scene, and extends to the seed discharge port T1 provided at the sowing position. It is configured to communicate. Then, it is provided on the ground surface, and its vertical position is controlled according to the detection value of the angle-of-attack sensor 44 (FIG. 1), and the seed discharge port T1 is attached to the float 24 that slides while leveling the topsoil. The seeds are sprayed and sown in a field scene that has been leveled.

そして、図3に示すように、前述した種子吐出口部T1を設けている播種条の後方に覆土板25をそれぞれ配置している。覆土板25は、圃場が硬い場合は支点軸25aを中心として播種位置方向に回動して播種位置に土を寄せ集め、圃場が軟らかく、泥土の状態の場合は支点軸25aを中心として播種位置の外側に回動して播種位置に土を寄せないようにし、平面視で左右方向の角度が変更調節できる構成である。なお、圃場の硬度はアーム45を介してヒッチ16に取り付けられた硬軟センサ40が圃場面に接地して回転することで検出できる。   And as shown in FIG. 3, the earth covering board 25 is each arrange | positioned in the back of the sowing line | wire which provided the seed discharge port part T1 mentioned above. When the field is hard, the cover plate 25 rotates around the fulcrum shaft 25a in the direction of the sowing position to gather the soil at the sowing position. When the field is soft and mud, the sowing position is centered on the fulcrum shaft 25a. It is the structure which can rotate and adjust the angle of the left-right direction by planar view so that it may turn to the outer side of so that soil may not come near to a sowing position. The hardness of the field can be detected by rotating the hard / soft sensor 40 attached to the hitch 16 via the arm 45 while contacting the field scene.

このように、覆土板25はワイヤー33の緊張と弛緩によって回動する構成である。例えば操縦座席13に感度調節レバー48(図2)を設け、該感度調節レバー48にケーブル33(図3)を接続させれば、オペレータが感度調節レバー48を操作することで容易に覆土板25の覆土調整量を変えることができる。   Thus, the earth covering plate 25 is configured to rotate by the tension and relaxation of the wire 33. For example, if the sensitivity adjustment lever 48 (FIG. 2) is provided on the control seat 13 and the cable 33 (FIG. 3) is connected to the sensitivity adjustment lever 48, the operator can easily operate the sensitivity adjustment lever 48 to cover the cover plate 25. The amount of soil covering adjustment can be changed.

また、図2に示す前記フロート24、24の間の点線部分X、Yの位置に、走行車体1の前進に伴って圃場面に排水溝を形成するための作溝器を設ける構成としても良い。
そして、前記作溝器と前記種子吐出口部T1とは後輪11、11’が通過した後に、播種条の側方に沿わせて略平行に排水溝を形成する関係位置に配置すれば良く、取付け位置の前後関係は自由に選択すれば良い。なお、図1に示すように、肥料は肥料タンク29から肥料移送管30、施肥管31を経て圃場に施肥される。
Moreover, it is good also as a structure which provides in the position of the dotted-line part X and Y between the said floats 24 and 24 shown in FIG. .
Then, the groover and the seed discharge port T1 may be disposed at a position where a drainage groove is formed substantially parallel to the side of the sowing line after the rear wheels 11, 11 ′ have passed. The context of the mounting position can be freely selected. As shown in FIG. 1, the fertilizer is fertilized from the fertilizer tank 29 to the field through the fertilizer transfer pipe 30 and the fertilizer pipe 31.

このように構成した播種機を、整地作業が終わって湛水状態にした圃場に入れて肥料タンク29に肥料を充填し、種子タンク5には種子を充填して前進させて播種作業を開始する。そして、作業を開始すると、種子タンク5内の種子は図4に示すように、下方の回転している繰り出しロール19に達し、繰り出しロール19の外周に設けた複数の種子溝18にそれぞれ供給されて溜り回転方向に送られる。そのとき、種子溝18内の種子は、回転下手側にあるブラシ23に達して表面が均平に均されて定量となり、繰り出しロール19の回転に伴って下方の移送管7の搬送始端部に落下する。   The seeder configured in this manner is placed in a field that has been submerged after the leveling work, and the fertilizer tank 29 is filled with fertilizer, and the seed tank 5 is filled with seeds and advanced to start the seeding work. . Then, when the operation is started, the seeds in the seed tank 5 reach the lower rotating feeding roll 19 as shown in FIG. 4 and are respectively supplied to the plurality of seed grooves 18 provided on the outer periphery of the feeding roll 19. It is sent in the direction of pooling rotation. At that time, the seeds in the seed groove 18 reach the brush 23 on the lower rotation side, the surface is leveled and becomes a fixed amount, and as the feed roll 19 rotates, the seeds 18 reach the conveying start end of the lower transfer pipe 7. Fall.

ブラシ23は、繰り出しロール19の一部表面をブラッシングし、繰り出しロール19の表面に接触して均す働きをする。すなわち、ブラシ23は種子溝18の種子量を均一にするために、種子溝18の無い部分の繰り出しロール19の表面に付着した種子を掃き取る作用もある。   The brush 23 has a function of brushing a part of the surface of the feeding roll 19 and leveling by contacting the surface of the feeding roll 19. That is, the brush 23 also has an action of sweeping seeds adhering to the surface of the feeding roll 19 where there is no seed groove 18 in order to make the seed amount in the seed groove 18 uniform.

また、エアチャンバ9には、ブロア8によって起風された圧縮空気が貯留されており、連通している各作溝器3(図6)にエア配管55を経由して流入することになる。繰り出しロール19から移送管7の搬送始端部に落下した種子は移送管7内を搬送されて先端側の種子吐出装置Tの種子吐出口部(播種管)T1に達し、フロート24によって整地された後の圃場に噴出、播種される。そして、覆土板25は、進行方向に対して所定の角度を保ち圃場面の表土を掻き寄せ、種子が播かれている播種溝の上に覆土を行い、播種作業を完了する。
播種機は、上記した方法で走行車体1の前進に伴って湛水した圃場面に播種作業を行なう。
Further, compressed air generated by the blower 8 is stored in the air chamber 9 and flows into each communicating groove device 3 (FIG. 6) via the air pipe 55. The seed that has fallen from the feed roll 19 to the transfer start end of the transfer tube 7 is transferred through the transfer tube 7 to reach the seed discharge port (seeding tube) T1 of the seed discharge device T on the tip side, and is leveled by the float 24. It is squirted and sown in a later field. And the soil covering board 25 keeps a predetermined angle with respect to the advancing direction, scrapes the top soil of the farm scene, covers the seed sowing seeds, and completes the sowing operation.
The sowing machine performs sowing work on a field scene that has been flooded as the traveling vehicle body 1 moves forward by the above-described method.

上記種子吐出口部(播種管)T1の構成の詳細側面図を図6(a)に示し、図6(a)の矢印A方向からの矢視図を図6(b)に示す。
移送管7の下端部に種子吐出口部T1を設けている。該種子吐出口部T1は、移送管7の下端部に接続した水平断面が「コ」字状の吐出流路出口51と該吐出流路出口51を囲み、上壁面と下壁面と後壁面がない水平断面「コ」字状の吐出筐体(枠体)52から構成されている。また吐出流路出口51は吐出筐体(枠体)52の底面に達しない位置で該吐出筐体(枠体)52の内壁面に沿って開口している。
A detailed side view of the configuration of the seed discharge port (seeding tube) T1 is shown in FIG. 6 (a), and an arrow view from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 6 (a) is shown in FIG. 6 (b).
A seed discharge port T <b> 1 is provided at the lower end of the transfer pipe 7. The seed discharge port T1 surrounds the discharge channel outlet 51 having a U-shaped horizontal cross section connected to the lower end of the transfer pipe 7 and the discharge channel outlet 51, and has an upper wall surface, a lower wall surface, and a rear wall surface. It is composed of a discharge casing (frame body) 52 having no horizontal section “U” shape. Further, the discharge flow path outlet 51 opens along the inner wall surface of the discharge casing (frame body) 52 at a position that does not reach the bottom surface of the discharge casing (frame body) 52.

なお、吐出筐体(枠体)52は、その前壁面の前側には側面視と上面視でそれぞれ三角形部材53が取り付けられ、これら吐出筐体(枠体)52と三角形部材53で作溝器3を構成している。
播種機が圃場を前進中に前記作溝器3により圃場面に溝を作り、作成された溝の直後に吐出流路出口51から吹き付けられる種子を播くことができる。
The discharge casing (frame body) 52 has a triangular member 53 attached to the front side of the front wall surface in a side view and a top view, respectively. 3 is constituted.
While the sowing machine is moving forward in the field, it is possible to make a groove in the field by the groover 3 and sow seeds sprayed from the discharge channel outlet 51 immediately after the created groove.

また、種子吐出口部T1は、吐出筐体(枠体)52の前壁面と左右側壁面の各内壁面側に接して取り付けられた断面「コ」字状の吐出流路出口51を有し、その吐出流路出口51の頂部に移送管7の下端部が接続している。そして種子は移送管7から断面「コ」字状の吐出流路出口51を経由して筐体(枠体)52の内壁面に沿って吹き出され、該吐出筐体(枠体)52で囲まれた空間内で圃場面に向かって散布される。   The seed discharge port T1 has a discharge channel outlet 51 having a U-shaped cross section attached in contact with the front wall surface of the discharge housing (frame body) 52 and the inner wall surfaces of the left and right side wall surfaces. The lower end of the transfer pipe 7 is connected to the top of the discharge channel outlet 51. Then, the seeds are blown out along the inner wall surface of the casing (frame body) 52 via the discharge channel outlet 51 having a “U” -shaped cross section from the transfer pipe 7 and surrounded by the discharge casing (frame body) 52. It is sprayed toward the farm scene in the space.

また、移送管7の外側に支持されたエア配管55の先端からの圧力風は、吐出流路出口51から吹き出す粉粒体の吐出流を横断する方向の断面積(粉粒体の移送の投影域)より広い吐出流を横断する方向の断面積(前記移送の投影域から外れる領域)を有する吐出筐体(枠体)52で囲まれた空間に吹き出されることになる。   Further, the pressure air from the tip of the air pipe 55 supported on the outside of the transfer pipe 7 is a cross-sectional area in the direction crossing the discharge flow of the powder blown out from the discharge flow channel outlet 51 (projection of transfer of the powder powder). The area is blown out into a space surrounded by a discharge casing (frame body) 52 having a cross-sectional area in a direction crossing a wider discharge flow (area deviating from the transfer projection area).

そのため、エア配管55からの圧力風は吐出筐体(枠体)52の内壁面へ土や粉粒体(種子)が付着することを防止し、種子吐出口部T1での土や粉粒体(種子)の詰まりを防止すると共に、繰り出される種子へ圧力風が直接当たらないので、種子の点播時には、点播精度を維持できる利点がある。   Therefore, the pressure air from the air pipe 55 prevents the soil and powder (seed) from adhering to the inner wall surface of the discharge housing (frame) 52, and the soil and powder at the seed discharge port T1. In addition to preventing clogging of (seed), there is an advantage that the seeding accuracy can be maintained at the time of seeding of seeds, because the pressurized air is not directly applied to the seeds that are fed out.

また、図7の側面図は種子タンク5と繰出装置6と移送管7と作溝器3との配置関係を示す図6とは別実施例の種子吐出口部T1である。図7に示す構成で、種子タンク5から繰り出される種子は種子ブロア8(図1)で移送管7の先端まで搬送されるが、移送管7の先端出口からは作溝器3の図示しない開口部に配置されるエアー配管55からの空気流により作溝器3の内部から圃場上に種子を吹き付ける構成である。   Moreover, the side view of FIG. 7 is a seed discharge port portion T1 of another embodiment different from FIG. 6 showing the arrangement relationship among the seed tank 5, the feeding device 6, the transfer pipe 7, and the groove producing device 3. In the configuration shown in FIG. 7, seeds fed from the seed tank 5 are conveyed to the tip of the transfer pipe 7 by the seed blower 8 (FIG. 1). It is the structure which sprays a seed on the farm field from the inside of the grooving device 3 with the airflow from the air piping 55 arrange | positioned at a part.

作溝器3は上壁面と下壁面と後壁面がない水平断面「コ」字状の吐出筐体(枠体)52を有し、その吐出筐体(枠体)52の頂部に移送管7の下端部が間隔を開けて配置されている。   The grooving device 3 has a discharge casing (frame body) 52 having a horizontal section “U” shape without an upper wall surface, a lower wall surface, and a rear wall surface, and a transfer pipe 7 at the top of the discharge casing (frame body) 52. The lower ends of the are arranged at intervals.

作溝器3には吐出筐体(枠体)52と、その前壁面の前側には側面視と上面視でそれぞれ三角形部材53が取り付けられ、これら吐出筐体(枠体)52と三角形部材53で作溝器3を構成している。
播種機が圃場を前進中に前記作溝器3により圃場面に溝を作り、作成された溝の直後に移送管7の先端部からエアー配管55からの圧力風により吹き付けられる種子を播くことができる。
A discharge housing (frame body) 52 is attached to the groove forming device 3, and a triangular member 53 is attached to the front side of the front wall surface in a side view and a top view, respectively. The grooving device 3 is constituted by the above.
While the seeder is moving forward in the field, a groove is formed in the field by the grooving device 3, and seeds sprayed by the pressure air from the air pipe 55 are sown from the tip of the transfer pipe 7 immediately after the created groove. it can.

そのため、圧力風は吐出筐体(枠体)52の内壁面へ土や粉粒体(種子)が付着することを防止し、種子吐出口部T1での土や粉粒体(種子)の詰まりを防止すると共に、繰り出される種子へ圧力風が直接当たらないので、種子の点播時には、点播精度を維持できる利点がある。   Therefore, the pressure air prevents the soil and powder (seed) from adhering to the inner wall surface of the discharge housing (frame) 52, and the soil and powder (seed) are clogged at the seed discharge port T1. In addition, the pressure wind does not directly hit the seeds that are fed out, so that there is an advantage that the seeding accuracy can be maintained when seeding the seeds.

図8には、上壁面と下壁面と後壁面がない水平断面「コ」字状の吐出筐体(枠体)52を有し、その吐出筐体(枠体)52の頂部に間隔をあけて種子が落下する移送管7の下端部が配置されており、該移送管7の下端部にブロア8からのエアーを供給するエアー配管55が取り付けられている。
この構成は図7に示す構成とは、エアー配管55から吹き出すエアーが移送管7から落下中の種子に直接当たるようにエアー配管55が配置されていることが異なっている。この場合は移送管7から落下中の種子をエアーが乱して、はらばらにすることで、条植に近い状態で圃場に播種される。
FIG. 8 includes a discharge casing (frame body) 52 having a horizontal section “U” shape without an upper wall surface, a lower wall surface, and a rear wall surface, and a space is provided at the top of the discharge casing (frame body) 52. The lower end of the transfer pipe 7 where the seeds fall is disposed, and an air pipe 55 for supplying air from the blower 8 is attached to the lower end of the transfer pipe 7.
This configuration is different from the configuration shown in FIG. 7 in that the air pipe 55 is arranged so that the air blown from the air pipe 55 directly hits the seeds falling from the transfer pipe 7. In this case, the seeds falling from the transfer pipe 7 are disturbed by the air, so that the seeds are disseminated in the field close to the streak.

図9の背面図に示す別実施例の粉粒体吐出口部T1は、機体フレーム57に移送管7の先端部を支持させ、該移送管7の先端部に短い筒状の吐出流路出口51を接続し、該吐出流路出口51の下方に設けたものであり、該粉粒体吐出口51の下方に間隔を開けて、上壁面と下壁面と後面がない筐体(枠体)からなる作溝器3の吐出筐体(枠体)52が配置されている。 A powder body discharge port portion T1 of another embodiment shown in the rear view of FIG. 9 has a body frame 57 that supports the front end portion of the transfer pipe 7 and a short cylindrical discharge flow channel outlet at the front end portion of the transfer pipe 7. 51 connects, which is provided below the discharge flow channel outlet 51, spaced below the powder or granular material discharge port 51, there is no rear wall surface and the upper wall and the lower wall surface housing (frame A discharge casing (frame body) 52 of the groove producing device 3 made of a body is disposed.

吐出筐体(枠体)52は前壁面と左右側壁面を有し、上方が開放した構成であり、図示はしていないが、吐出筐体(枠体)52の前壁面の前側には側面視と上面視でそれぞれ三角形の作溝器3が取り付けられている、
図10の背面図に示す従来技術の構成では、粉粒体吐出口部T1’は、播種機の機体の中央部に機体フレーム57’があるため、その真後ろに移送管7’を曲げて配置し、その先端部に短い筒状の吐出流路出口51’を接続し、該吐出流路出口51’の下方に吐出筐体(枠体)52’を配置していたので、移送管7’の曲がり部に種子が詰まり易かった。
The discharge housing (frame body) 52 has a front wall surface and left and right side wall surfaces, and has a configuration in which an upper portion is open. Although not shown, a side surface is provided on the front side of the front wall surface of the discharge housing (frame body) 52. A triangular grooving device 3 is attached to each of the view and the top view,
In the configuration of the prior art shown in the rear view of FIG. 10, since the powder body discharge port T1 ′ has a body frame 57 ′ at the center of the body of the seeding machine, the transfer pipe 7 ′ is bent behind the body frame 57 ′. In addition, since a short cylindrical discharge passage outlet 51 ′ is connected to the distal end portion and a discharge casing (frame body) 52 ′ is disposed below the discharge passage outlet 51 ′, the transfer pipe 7 ′ It was easy to get seeds in the bent part.

これに対して、図9に示す本発明では移送管7は曲がり部がないため、種子が移送管7の途中に留まることなく、吐出流路出口51からの種子とエアー配管55からの圧力風を吐出筐体(枠体)52の中央部に位置する圃場面に向って吹き出すことができる。   On the other hand, in the present invention shown in FIG. 9, the transfer pipe 7 does not have a bent portion, so that the seed does not stay in the transfer pipe 7, and the pressure air from the discharge channel outlet 51 and the air pipe 55 is discharged. Can be blown out toward the farm scene located in the central part of the discharge casing (frame body) 52.

図6〜図9に示す構成の全ての実施例において播種機に設けた圃場の硬軟度合いを検知する硬軟センサ40が圃場が軟らかいことを検知した場合は図示しない制御装置によりブロア8を起動させ、圃場が硬いことを検知した場合はブロア8を停止させることにすると、圃場が軟らかい時に作溝器3に泥が付着することを防ぐことができる。 The blower 8 by the control device hardness sensor 40 is not shown if the field is detected soft Laka Ikoto for detecting the hardness degree of the field provided on the sowing machine in all the embodiments of the configuration shown in FIGS. 6-9 When it is activated and the blower 8 is stopped when it is detected that the field is hard, mud can be prevented from adhering to the grooving device 3 when the field is soft.

また、図6〜図9に示す構成の全ての実施例において播種機に設けた圃場の水の存在を検知する水センサ(図示せず)が圃場の水深が深いことを検知した場合はブロア8を停止させて、風により水撥ねで作溝器3などが湿ることを防ぐことができる。またブロア8を停止させても水があると作溝器3が水で洗われる利点がある。   Further, in all the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, when a water sensor (not shown) for detecting the presence of water in the field provided in the seeder detects that the water depth in the field is deep, the blower 8 Can be stopped, and the groove 3 or the like can be prevented from getting wet due to water splashing by the wind. Moreover, even if the blower 8 is stopped, if there is water, there is an advantage that the groove producing device 3 is washed with water.

図6〜図9に示す構成の全ての実施例において播種機が走行しているとブロア8を作動させて、作溝器3に泥が付着しないようにする。   6 to 9, when the seeder is running, the blower 8 is operated so that mud does not adhere to the groove producing device 3.

図1に示す播種機の種子タンク5部分を昇降リンク14で昇降可能にしているが、種子タンク5の部分を上昇させている時に施肥タンク29部分の肥料搬送用ブロア49と種子タンク5部分の種子搬送用ブロア8の両方を作動させ、かつ肥料移送管30に設けた管内の送風を遮断することができるシャッター(図示せず)により、肥料移送管30の肥料搬送用ブロア49によるエアーを種子移送管7に流すことで作溝内部を清掃することができる。 The seed tank 5 portion of the seeder shown in FIG. 1 can be moved up and down by the lifting link 14, but when the seed tank 5 portion is raised, the fertilizer transport blower 49 and the seed tank 5 portion of the fertilizer tank 29 portion are raised. Air from the fertilizer transport blower 49 of the fertilizer transfer pipe 30 is seeded by a shutter (not shown) that can operate both the seed transport blower 8 and block air blow in the fertilizer transfer pipe 30. The inside of the groove generator can be cleaned by flowing it through the transfer pipe 7.

また、種子タンク5部分の種子移送管7の管内の送風を遮断することができるシャッター(図示せず)を設け、種子搬送用ブロア8による送風を肥料移送管30の肥料搬送用ブロア49によるエアーと共に肥料移送管30に流すことでも肥料移送系の送風による清掃が可能となる。   In addition, a shutter (not shown) that can block the air blowing in the seed transfer pipe 7 in the seed tank 5 portion is provided, and the air blown by the seed transfer blower 8 is sent by the fertilizer transfer blower 49 of the fertilizer transfer pipe 30. At the same time, the fertilizer transfer system 30 can be cleaned by blowing air through the fertilizer transfer pipe 30.

また肥料搬送用ブロア49と種子搬送用ブロア8を一つの強力なブロアに置き換えて配置し、この単一ブロアからの送風を送る清掃用ホースと先端ノズルを設けておくと播種機の各種装置を清掃できる。   If the fertilizer transport blower 49 and the seed transport blower 8 are replaced with a single powerful blower, and a cleaning hose for sending air from this single blower and a tip nozzle are provided, various devices of the seeder can be used. Can be cleaned.

本発明は、播種機に限らず他の農作業機にも有用性が高い。   The present invention is highly useful not only for seeding machines but also for other agricultural machines.

1 走行車体 3 作溝器
5 種子タンク 6 繰出装置
7 移送管 8 ブロア
9 エアチャンバ 10 前輪
11 後輪 12 エンジンルーム
13 操縦座席 14 昇降リンク
15 機枠 16 ヒッチ
17 油圧シリンダ 18 種子溝
19 繰り出しロール 19a 回転軸
20 調節具 21 回転調節輪
22 入力スプロケット 23 ブラシ
24 フロート 25 覆土板
25a 支点軸 29 肥料タンク
30 肥料移送管 31 施肥管
33 ワイヤ 40 硬軟センサ
44 迎い角センサ 45 アーム
48 感度調節レバー 49 肥料搬送用ブロア
T 種子吐出装置 T1 種子吐出口部(播種管)
51 吐出流路出口 52 吐出筐体(枠体)
53 三角形部材 55 エアー配管
57 機体フレーム
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling body 3 Groover 5 Seed tank 6 Feeding device 7 Transfer pipe 8 Blower 9 Air chamber 10 Front wheel 11 Rear wheel 12 Engine room 13 Control seat 14 Lifting link 15 Machine frame 16 Hitch 17 Hydraulic cylinder 18 Seed groove 19 Feeding roll 19a Rotating shaft 20 Adjusting tool 21 Rotating adjusting wheel 22 Input sprocket 23 Brush 24 Float 25 Cover plate 25a Support shaft 29 Fertilizer tank 30 Fertilizer transfer pipe 31 Fertilizer pipe 33 Wire 40 Hard and soft sensor 44 Angle of attack sensor 45 Arm 48 Sensitivity adjustment lever 49 Fertilizer conveyance Blower T Seed Discharge Device T1 Seed Discharge Port (Seeding Tube)
51 Discharge flow path outlet 52 Discharge housing (frame)
53 Triangular member 55 Air piping 57 Airframe frame

Claims (3)

走行車体(1)と粉粒体吐出装置(T)を備え、
粉粒体吐出装置(T)は、粉粒体タンク(5)、該粉粒体タンク(5)から粉粒体を繰り出す粉粒体繰出部(6)、該粉粒体繰出部(6)に続く粉粒体移送管(7)及び該粉粒体移送管(7)の下端部に設けられる粉粒体吐出口部(T1)を備え、
該粉粒体吐出口部(T1)は、粉粒体移送管(7)の下端部に接続した吐出流路出口(51)と該吐出流路出口(51)を囲む吐出筐体(52)から構成され、
該吐出筐体(52)と、吐出筐体(52)の前壁面に設けられ前端に角部を有する三角形部材(53)とから作溝器(3)が構成され、
粉粒体移送管(7)の下端部から吐出筐体(52)の内部に亘って、粉粒体繰出部(6)により繰り出される粉粒体を吐出筐体(52)の内部から圃場に吹き付けるエアーを吹き出すエアー配管(55)を設け
圃場の硬軟度合いを検知する硬軟センサ(40)を設け、
該硬軟センサ(40)が圃場が硬いことを検知するときは、エアー配管(55)からのエアーの吹き出しを停止させる一方、硬軟センサ(40)が圃場が軟らかいことを検知するときは、エアー配管(55)からのエアーの吹き出しを行う構成としたことを特徴とする播種機。
A traveling vehicle body (1) and a granular material discharge device (T) are provided.
The granular material discharge device (T) includes a granular material tank (5), a granular material supply unit (6) for supplying the granular material from the granular material tank (5), and the granular material supply unit (6). And a granular material discharge pipe (7) provided at the lower end of the granular material transfer pipe (7) and the granular material transfer pipe (7),
The granular material discharge port (T1) includes a discharge flow channel outlet (51) connected to the lower end of the granular material transfer pipe (7) and a discharge housing (52) surrounding the discharge flow channel outlet (51). Consisting of
A groover (3) is constituted by the discharge casing (52) and a triangular member (53) provided on the front wall surface of the discharge casing (52) and having a corner at the front end,
From the inside of the discharge housing (52) to the field from the inside of the discharge housing (52) to the inside of the discharge housing (52) from the lower end of the particle transport pipe (7). An air pipe (55) for blowing out the air to be blown is provided ,
A soft / soft sensor (40) for detecting the softness of the field is provided,
When the soft / soft sensor (40) detects that the field is hard, the air blowing from the air pipe (55) is stopped, while when the hard / soft sensor (40) detects that the field is soft, the air pipe A seeding machine characterized in that it is configured to blow out air from (55) .
圃場の硬軟度合いを検知する硬軟センサ(40)と圃場の水を検知する水センサを設け、
硬軟センサ(40)が圃場が硬いことを検知するとき又は水センサが圃場の水深が深いことを検知するときは、エアー配管(55)からのエアーの吹き出しを停止させる構成としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の播種機。
A soft sensor (40) for detecting the degree of softness in the field and a water sensor for detecting water in the field are provided.
When the hardness / softness sensor (40) detects that the field is hard, or when the water sensor detects that the water depth of the field is deep, it is configured to stop blowing air from the air pipe (55). The seeder according to claim 1.
粉粒体吐出装置(T)は、粉粒体となる種子を圃場に播種する構成とし、該粉粒体吐出装置(T)とは別に圃場に施肥する施肥装置を設け、該施肥装置は、肥料タンク(29)内の肥料を肥料移送管(30)及び施肥管(31)を介して圃場へ施肥する構成とし、エアー配管(55)へエアーを供給する種子搬送用ブロア(8)と肥料移送管(30)へエアーを供給する肥料搬送用ブロア(49)とを備えると共に、種子搬送用ブロア(8)からのエアーを肥料移送管(30)へ供給する状態に切替可能なシャッタを設けたことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の播種機。 The granular material discharge device (T) is configured to sow seeds that become granular material in a field, and is provided with a fertilizer for fertilizing the field separately from the granular material discharge device (T). The fertilizer in the fertilizer tank (29) is fertilized to the field through the fertilizer transfer pipe (30) and fertilizer pipe (31), and the seed conveying blower (8) and fertilizer for supplying air to the air pipe (55) A fertilizer transfer blower (49) for supplying air to the transfer pipe (30) and a shutter capable of switching to a state in which air from the seed transfer blower (8) is supplied to the fertilizer transfer pipe (30) are provided. The seeder according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein
JP2009039248A 2009-02-23 2009-02-23 Seeding machine Expired - Fee Related JP5600879B2 (en)

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