JP5590453B2 - Manufacturing method of heat insulating material or refractory brick - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of heat insulating material or refractory brick Download PDFInfo
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- JP5590453B2 JP5590453B2 JP2010225301A JP2010225301A JP5590453B2 JP 5590453 B2 JP5590453 B2 JP 5590453B2 JP 2010225301 A JP2010225301 A JP 2010225301A JP 2010225301 A JP2010225301 A JP 2010225301A JP 5590453 B2 JP5590453 B2 JP 5590453B2
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- heat insulating
- insulating material
- silicate solution
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- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、不燃物、断熱材、若しくは耐火物の製造方法であって、とくに建築材料、焼却炉などに使用される耐火、断熱材の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for producing an incombustible material, a heat insulating material, or a refractory material, and more particularly to a method for producing a fireproof material and a heat insulating material used for building materials, incinerators, and the like.
従来より、珪素粉末と、珪酸塩水溶液（所謂水ガラス）を使用した不燃物若しくは断熱材の製造技術が多数提案されている。水ガラスは古くからガラス、陶磁器などの接着剤、或いは耐火塗料のバインダー成分として利用されており、常温でも硬化し、また硬化後の被膜は耐熱性を有することから建築材料としての利用が期待されている。 Conventionally, many techniques for producing non-combustible materials or heat insulating materials using silicon powder and a silicate aqueous solution (so-called water glass) have been proposed. Water glass has long been used as an adhesive for glass and ceramics, or as a binder component for fire-resistant paints. It is cured at room temperature, and the cured film has heat resistance, so it is expected to be used as a building material. ing.
例えば、珪素粉末叉は珪素を含有する合金粉末、孔質構造を有する無機質粉末及び水ガラスからなる混合物を圧縮してなる不燃物の製造方法がある（特許文献１参照。）。また無機質粉体と、アルカリ金属珪酸塩との混合物に発泡剤を添加、発泡、硬化させて無機質発泡体を製造する方法もある（特許文献２参照。）。そして、水溶性ケイ酸塩と、有機物として水親和性ポリイソシアネートとを水を溶媒または分散媒としたバインダー組成物およびこれを使用する不燃性成形体もあった（特許文献３参照。）。 For example, there is a method for producing an incombustible material obtained by compressing a mixture of silicon powder or silicon-containing alloy powder, an inorganic powder having a porous structure, and water glass (see Patent Document 1). There is also a method for producing an inorganic foam by adding a foaming agent to a mixture of an inorganic powder and an alkali metal silicate, foaming and curing (see Patent Document 2). There are also binder compositions using water-soluble silicates and water-affinity polyisocyanates as organic substances in water as a solvent or dispersion medium, and non-combustible molded articles using the binder compositions (see Patent Document 3).
しかしながら、上記特許文献１及び２に提案されている技術は、珪素と無機質粉末と珪酸塩とを混合して発泡硬化させるものであり、建材用の断熱材として有用なものであるが、焼却炉に使用される耐火煉瓦などの使用には、適さないものであった。また、特許文献３に記載の技術によって、有機溶剤を使用せずに安価な可撓性を有する不燃性成形体が製造できるが、本願発明の木材などの廃棄物を有効活用するものではない。 However, the techniques proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above are those in which silicon, inorganic powder, and silicate are mixed and foam-cured, and are useful as heat insulating materials for building materials. It was unsuitable for the use of refractory bricks and the like. Further, the technique described in Patent Document 3 can produce an inexpensive non-combustible molded article without using an organic solvent, but does not effectively utilize waste such as wood of the present invention.
上記の問題点に鑑み本発明者らは、一般家屋、マンションにおける建築材料や、焼却炉などに広く使用されている耐火、断熱材を、簡単な処理で、且つ安価に製造できる方法を提供する。また、木材や竹などの廃棄物の有効活用が可能な技術を提供するものである。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors provide a method capable of manufacturing fireproof and heat insulating materials widely used for building materials in general houses and condominiums, incinerators, etc., with simple processing and at low cost. . It also provides technologies that enable effective use of waste such as wood and bamboo.
このため本発明の断熱材の製造方法は、平均径が３ｍｍの粒状体金属Ｓｉと、前記金属Ｓｉの重量比１５％のＡｌ粉と、２５％濃度の珪酸塩溶液とを、所定の配合比率にて混合してなることを特徴とする。
Method for producing a cross-sectional thermal material Thus the present invention, the average diameter of 3mm granules metals Si of the Al powder weight ratio of 15% of the metal Si, and a 25% strength silicate solution, a predetermined blending to become mixed in a ratio to feature.
また、耐火煉瓦の製造方法は、平均径が３ｍｍの粒状体金属Ｓｉと、前記金属Ｓｉの重量比５％のＡｌ粉と、２５％濃度の珪酸塩溶液とを、所定の配合比率にて混合し、型枠に投入し、加圧成型することを特徴とする。
A method of manufacturing a refractory brick, and the particulate-metal Si average diameter of 3 mm, a weight ratio of 5% Al powder of the metal Si, 25% strength and a silicate solution, mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio and it was charged into a mold, and feature to be molded under pressure.
また、所定の粒状性を有する金属Ｓｉと、Ａｌ粉と、珪酸塩溶液とを、所定の配合比率にて混合し、型枠に投入し、加圧して形成するため、高温で焼成する工程を必要とせずに、高い耐熱性と断熱性を有する耐火煉瓦が作成できるという効果を有する。
In addition, a process of firing at a high temperature in order to form metal Si having a predetermined granularity, Al powder, and a silicate solution in a predetermined blending ratio, put into a mold, and pressurize to form. Without the need, it has the effect that a refractory brick having high heat resistance and heat insulation can be created.
しかも、木材若しくは竹材からなる有機物繊維と、所定の粒状性を有する金属Ｓｉと、珪酸塩とを所定の配合比率にて混合し、型枠に投入し、加圧して形成するため、木材や竹などの廃棄物の有効活用が可能となる。 Moreover, the organic fiber made of wood or bamboo, the metal Si having a predetermined granularity, and the silicate are mixed at a predetermined blending ratio, put into a mold, and formed by pressing, so that wood or bamboo It is possible to effectively use such waste.
本発明に係る断熱材、若しくは耐火煉瓦の製造方法に使用される金属Ｓｉとしては、３ｍｍメッシュのフルイを通した、いわゆる３ｍｍアンダーの粒状のものが使用される。この金属Ｓｉに対してＡｌ片（２ｍｍ角、０．１ｍｍ厚の鋸屑状）を加えて攪拌し、さらに珪酸塩水溶液を加えよく攪拌を行なう。この際Ａｌ片の量は、金属Ｓｉに対して重量比で１０〜１８％であることが望ましい。
Engaging Ru sectional heated material to the present invention, or as the metal Si used in the method of manufacturing a refractory brick, through a sieve of 3mm mesh, those granular called 3mm under is used. An Al piece (2 mm square, 0.1 mm thick sawdust) is added to the metal Si and stirred, and further an aqueous silicate solution is added and stirred well. At this time, the amount of the Al piece is desirably 10 to 18% by weight with respect to the metal Si.
上記に使用する珪酸塩溶液は、市販のメタ珪酸塩溶液などが使用できるが、金属Ｓｉの微粉末にＮａＯＨを加え、さらに水を加えて作成した珪酸塩溶液に、この珪酸塩溶液に含まれる金属Ｓｉの重量の７％のＡｌ粉末を加えた液も使用される。 As the silicate solution used above, a commercially available metasilicate solution or the like can be used, but a silicate solution prepared by adding NaOH to metal fine powder and further adding water is included in this silicate solution. A liquid to which Al powder of 7% by weight of metal Si is added is also used.
珪酸塩溶液の濃度としては、少なくとも２５％が望ましく、また添加する珪酸塩溶液の量は金属Ｓｉに対して重量比で３０〜６０％が望ましい。 The concentration of the silicate solution is desirably at least 25%, and the amount of the silicate solution to be added is desirably 30 to 60% by weight with respect to the metal Si.
上記構成の配合後約３０分で発泡して、高い耐熱性を持つ断熱材が形成される。尚、この断熱材の発泡倍率（若しくは体積）は、珪酸塩溶液の添加量によって容易に調節することが可能となる。 Foaming takes place in about 30 minutes after the blending of the above structure, and a heat insulating material having high heat resistance is formed. Note that the expansion ratio (or volume) of the heat insulating material can be easily adjusted by the amount of the silicate solution added.
次に、Ａｌ片に替えてＡｌ粉を使う場合は、金属Ｓｉに対して重量比で５〜１８％のＡｌ粉を加えて、攪拌を行い、さらに珪酸塩溶液を加えて所定の型枠に投入して加圧する。この際、添加する珪酸塩溶液の量は金属Ｓｉに対して重量比１０％が望ましい。 Next, when using Al powder instead of Al pieces, add 5 to 18% by weight of Al powder with respect to metal Si, stir, and add a silicate solution to a predetermined formwork. Apply and pressurize. At this time, the amount of the silicate solution to be added is preferably 10% by weight with respect to the metal Si.
上記構成の配合後加圧すると、約３０分で発熱して水分が抜け、伸縮のない高い耐火温度の耐火煉瓦が得られる。 When pressure is applied after blending the above composition, heat bricks are generated in about 30 minutes, moisture is lost, and a firebrick having a high fireproof temperature without expansion and contraction is obtained.
さらに、木材若しくは竹材からなる有機物繊維を使用して不燃ボードを作ることもできる。まず、繊維状に粉砕した木材若しくは竹材を準備する。この繊維状の木材若しくは竹材に対して重量比で３０％の珪酸塩溶液を加え攪拌を行い、次いで、木材若しくは竹材からなる有機物繊維の重量に対して同量の金属Ｓｉの粉末を加え、十分攪拌を行なって加圧する。この際、有機物繊維と珪酸塩溶液と金属Ｓｉの粉末とを適宜の型枠に投入して加圧することも可能である。 Furthermore, an incombustible board can be made using organic fibers made of wood or bamboo. First, wood or bamboo crushed into a fiber is prepared. Add a 30% silicate solution by weight to this fibrous wood or bamboo and stir, then add the same amount of metal Si powder to the weight of the organic fiber made of wood or bamboo, Stir and pressurize. At this time, the organic fiber, the silicate solution, and the metal Si powder can be put into an appropriate mold and pressurized.
上記構成の配合および加圧後、約３時間で固化し不燃物（ボード）となる。 After blending and pressurizing the above structure, it solidifies in about 3 hours and becomes an incombustible material (board).
（発泡処理）
Ａ、金属Ｓｉ（３ｍｍアンダー）に、Ａｌ片（２ｍｍ角、０．１ｍｍ厚）を金属Ｓｉの重量比１５％加えて、良く攪拌を行なう。
Ｂ、２５％濃度の珪酸溶液を、金属Ｓｉの重量比６０％を加えて良く攪拌を行ない、約３０分放置する。上記の発泡処理によって２．５倍の体積の断熱材が得られた。
（耐火テスト）
上記の発泡処理によって得られ断熱材を、焼却テスト炉に設置して耐火テストを行なった。
（結果）
加熱温度約１、６４０℃の条件でも、溶解することがなかった。また、この断熱材は厚み１０ｃｍの場合、加熱側と反対面での表面温度は約３００℃であり、極めて断熱性が高いものであった。
(Foaming treatment)
A, Al piece (2 mm square, 0.1 mm thickness) is added to metal Si (3 mm under) with a weight ratio of 15% of metal Si, and well stirred.
B, and a 25% strength silicate solution performs well stirred with weight ratio of 60% metal Si, allowed to stand for about 30 minutes. A 2.5 times volume of the heat insulating material was obtained by the foaming treatment.
(Fireproof test)
The heat insulating material obtained by the above foaming treatment was installed in an incineration test furnace, and a fire resistance test was performed.
(result)
Even when the heating temperature was about 1,640 ° C., it did not dissolve. Further, when the heat insulating material had a thickness of 10 cm, the surface temperature on the surface opposite to the heating side was about 300 ° C., and the heat insulating property was extremely high.
（耐火煉瓦の作成）
Ａ、金属Ｓｉ（３ｍｍアンダー）に、Ａｌ粉を金属Ｓｉの重量比５％加えて、良く攪拌を行なう。
Ｂ、２５％濃度の珪酸溶液を、金属Ｓｉの重量比１０％を加えて良く攪拌を行ない、型に入れてプレス（１０ｔ）を行なう。
プレス後、約３０分で発熱を生じ、水分が抜け耐火煉瓦が得られた。
（耐火テスト）
上記の発泡処理によって得られた耐火煉瓦材を、アセチレンバーナー２本を使用して耐火テストを行なった。
（結果）
加熱温度約２、２００℃の条件でも、耐火煉瓦に割れを生じることがなく、高い耐火性が得られることが判った。また、この耐火煉瓦は伸縮がなく高い寸法安定性をもつものであった。
(Creating refractory bricks)
A, Al powder is added to metal Si (under 3 mm) by 5% by weight of metal Si, and well stirred.
B, and a 25% strength silicate solution performs well stirred with weight ratio of 10% metal Si, performing press (10t) placed in a mold.
After pressing, heat was generated in about 30 minutes, moisture was removed, and a refractory brick was obtained.
(Fireproof test)
The fireproof brick material obtained by the above foaming treatment was subjected to a fireproof test using two acetylene burners.
(result)
It has been found that even when the heating temperature is about 2,200 ° C., the firebrick is not cracked and high fire resistance can be obtained. Further, this refractory brick was not stretched and had high dimensional stability.
（不燃ボードの作成）
Ａ、乾燥させた竹材繊維に対して、この繊維の重量比３０％の珪酸塩溶液を加えて良く攪拌を行い、繊維に珪酸塩を馴染ませる。
Ｂ、竹材繊維と同重量の金属Ｓｉを加えて良く攪拌を行ない、型に入れて珪酸塩溶液が滲み出ない程度プレスを行なう。
プレス後、約３時間で固化し、有機物繊維を使用した不燃ボードが得られた。
（耐火テスト）
上記の処理によって得られた１ｃｍ厚の不燃ボードを、バーナーを使用して耐火テストを行なった。
（結果）
バーナーによる１、０００℃〜１、２００℃の加熱によって、約５分でボードに孔が開いた。また、バーナーによる加熱を止めるとすぐに火が消えた。すなわち高い耐火性と断熱性を持つボードが得られる。
(Create non-combustible board)
A. A silicate solution with a weight ratio of 30% of the fiber is added to the dried bamboo fiber, and the mixture is thoroughly stirred to adjust the fiber to silicate.
B. Add metal Si of the same weight as the bamboo fiber, stir well, and place in a mold and press to the extent that the silicate solution does not exude.
After pressing, it solidified in about 3 hours, and an incombustible board using organic fibers was obtained.
(Fireproof test)
A fire resistance test was performed on the incombustible board having a thickness of 1 cm obtained by the above treatment using a burner.
(result)
Heating from 1,000 ° C. to 1,200 ° C. with a burner opened the board in about 5 minutes. Also, as soon as heating by the burner was stopped, the fire went out. That is, a board having high fire resistance and heat insulation can be obtained.
以上の構成からなる本発明の不燃物、断熱材、若しくは耐火物の製造方法によれば、金属Ｓｉと、少なくとも２ｍｍ角、且つ０．１ｍｍ厚の鋸屑状のＡｌ片と、珪酸塩とを、所定の配合比率にて混合して形成したため、常温、常圧下で発泡させることによって、高い耐熱性と断熱性が得られる。さらに、木材若しくは竹材からなる有機物繊維と、所定の粒状性を有する金属Ｓｉと、珪酸塩とを所定の配合比率にて混合し、型枠に投入し、加圧して形成するため、木材や竹などの廃棄物の有効活用が可能となる。 According to the method for producing an incombustible material, a heat insulating material, or a refractory material of the present invention having the above configuration, metal Si, at least 2 mm square and 0.1 mm thick sawdust Al piece, and silicate, Since it was formed by mixing at a predetermined blending ratio, high heat resistance and heat insulation can be obtained by foaming at normal temperature and normal pressure. Furthermore, the organic fiber made of wood or bamboo, metal Si having a predetermined granularity, and silicate are mixed at a predetermined blending ratio, put into a mold, and formed by pressing, so that wood and bamboo It is possible to effectively use such waste.
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| JP2010225301A JP5590453B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | Manufacturing method of heat insulating material or refractory brick |
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| JP2010225301A JP5590453B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | Manufacturing method of heat insulating material or refractory brick |
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| JP2012076969A JP2012076969A (en) | 2012-04-19 |
| JP5590453B2 true JP5590453B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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| JP6735556B2 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2020-08-05 | 徹志 山下 | Insulation method |
| JP6942582B2 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2021-09-29 | 株式会社東芝 | Geopolymer molded body manufacturing method and geopolymer molded body manufacturing system |
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| JPS6177684A (en) * | 1984-09-25 | 1986-04-21 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | Manufacture of inorganic foamed moldings |
| JPH06144908A (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1994-05-24 | Ohbayashi Corp | Concrete composition |
| JPH10139521A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-26 | Nichiha Corp | Building board and its production |
| JP4169197B2 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2008-10-22 | 株式会社 ハイドロデバイス | Hydrogen gas production method using friction corrosion reaction |
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