JP5560497B2 - Structure of the feeder - Google Patents

Structure of the feeder Download PDF

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JP5560497B2
JP5560497B2 JP2012104926A JP2012104926A JP5560497B2 JP 5560497 B2 JP5560497 B2 JP 5560497B2 JP 2012104926 A JP2012104926 A JP 2012104926A JP 2012104926 A JP2012104926 A JP 2012104926A JP 5560497 B2 JP5560497 B2 JP 5560497B2
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feeder
feeder sleeve
sleeve
heat
hot water
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JP2013215799A (en
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政人 五家
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有限会社ファンドリーテック・コンサルティング
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Description

発明の詳細な説明Detailed Description of the Invention

産業上の利用分野Industrial application fields

本発明は、鋳造において用いる押湯の構造に関するものである。目的とするところは、簡単な押湯の構造で従来技術よりも高い保温性能を有する押湯効果の大きい押湯の構造を提供することである。  The present invention relates to a structure of a feeder used in casting. The object is to provide a structure of a hot water feeder that has a simple hot-water feeder structure and has a higher heat retention performance than that of the prior art, and has a large hot-water supply effect.

鋳造においては、製品部の健全性を高めるため製品部の適宜の個所に押湯を設け、押湯から製品部の凝固収縮を補給することが行われており、一般的には製品部の上部に設ける揚り押湯や側面に設けるサイド押湯が用いられている。しかし、これらはいずれの場合も押湯のキャビティー部に充填された溶湯の押湯と鋳型が直接接触するため、冷却が速く押湯効果の時間が短い。すなわち押湯効果が小さい。そのため、押湯が大きくならざるをえず、鋳造歩留りが低くなる。  In casting, in order to improve the soundness of the product part, a hot water is provided at an appropriate part of the product part, and the solidification shrinkage of the product part is replenished from the hot water. There are used a hot water feeder provided on the side and a side hot water provided on the side surface. However, in any case, since the molten metal filled in the cavity portion of the feeder and the mold are in direct contact with each other, the cooling is quick and the time of the feeder effect is short. In other words, the hot water effect is small. For this reason, the hot water supply must be large, and the casting yield is lowered.

これらの押湯で効果が不十分な場合には、溶湯の保温性を確保するために発熱性又は保温性の高い特殊材料を使用した押湯スリーブが用いられている。これらは高価であるばかりでなく、その特殊材料の残留物が鋳型砂に混入することで、砂特性が劣化したり、鋳物製品の欠陥を誘発するなどの問題になっている。押湯スリーブは、造型時に模型に設置されて鋳型に埋設されて用いられる場合と、造型後に押湯のキャビティー部に挿入して用いられる場合があるが、いずれの場合も問題は同じである。  When the effect of these feeders is insufficient, a feeder sleeve using a special material having high heat generation or heat retention is used in order to ensure the heat retaining property of the molten metal. These are not only expensive, but also have problems such as deterioration of sand characteristics and induction of casting product defects due to the residue of the special material mixed in the mold sand. There are cases where the feeder sleeve is used by being placed in the model and being embedded in the mold during molding, or inserted into the cavity of the feeder after molding, but the problem is the same in both cases. .

従来技術の事例を図９及び図１０に示す。図９は、製品部２の上部に揚り押湯６を設けた鋳型の状態を示す。本事例では、溶湯が押湯のキャビティー部１に充填されると、押湯６と鋳型が直接接触するため、伝熱作用で押湯の外面は速やかに冷却されて押湯全体の冷却が促進される。そのため押湯効果が小さく、大きな押湯が必要である。本事例では押湯を製品部の上部に設ける揚り押湯について示したが、サイド押湯の場合も状況は全く同じである。  Examples of the prior art are shown in FIGS. FIG. 9 shows a state of a mold in which a fried hot water supply 6 is provided on the upper part of the product part 2. In this example, when the molten metal is filled in the cavity portion 1 of the hot water, the hot water 6 and the mold are in direct contact with each other. Promoted. For this reason, the effect of the feeder is small and a large feeder is required. In the present example, a hot water feeder in which a hot water is provided at the upper part of the product section is shown, but the situation is exactly the same in the case of a side hot water.

図１０は、押湯効果を高めるために発熱性又は保温性の高い特殊材料を使用した押湯スリーブが用いられている事例である。この場合には、押湯のキャビティー部１に押湯スリーブ３が挿入されており、押湯６の保温性は高めることはできるが、押湯スリーブ３の外面は押湯のキャビティー部１に接しているので、その熱は鋳型へ伝達され易い。また、特殊材料なので高価であるとともに、残留物が鋳型砂に混入して砂特性の劣化や製品欠陥の原因ともなる。  FIG. 10 shows an example in which a feeder sleeve using a special material having high heat generation or heat retention is used to enhance the feeder effect. In this case, the feeder sleeve 3 is inserted into the feeder cavity portion 1 and the heat retaining property of the feeder 6 can be improved, but the outer surface of the feeder sleeve 3 is the cavity portion 1 of the feeder. The heat is easily transferred to the mold. Moreover, since it is a special material, it is expensive, and the residue is mixed into the mold sand, causing deterioration of sand characteristics and product defects.

これらの問題点を解決するために、本発明者は先に実用新案第３１７２６０１号として、従来の押湯スリーブの外面に凹部を設けることで押湯のキャビティーと押湯スリーブの接触面積を減らした保温性の高い押湯スリーブを考案登録している。しかしこれでも押湯スリーブの外面の形状は基本的に押湯のキャビティー部と同じであるので、接触面が多く保温性が不十分であった。そこでこの考案を発展させたさらに保温性の高い押湯の構造を発明した。  In order to solve these problems, the present inventor previously reduced the contact area between the feeder cavity and the feeder sleeve by providing a recess on the outer surface of the conventional feeder sleeve as Utility Model No. 3172601. Invented and registered a hot spring sleeve with high heat retention. However, even in this case, the shape of the outer surface of the feeder sleeve is basically the same as the cavity portion of the feeder, so that there are many contact surfaces and the heat retaining property is insufficient. In view of this, the inventors have invented a structure of a hot water press that has been developed from this idea and has higher heat retention.

特開昭５４−１６０５１７JP 54-160517 A 特開平０６−２９７０８１JP 06-297081 特開昭６３−２０２４６０JP-A-63-202460 特開昭６３−２０２４５９JP-A-63-202459 実用新案第３１７２６０１号Utility model No. 3172601

発明がが解決しようとする課題Problems that the Invention is to Solve

上記のような従来技術の問題点を整理すると次のようになる。一つは、押湯と鋳型が直接接するので冷却が速く押湯の保温性が低い。そのため、押湯効果が小さく大きな押湯が必要である。もうひとつは、溶湯の保温性を確保するために発熱性又は保温性の高い特殊材料を使用した押湯スリーブを用いる場合は、高価であるとともに、残留物が鋳型砂に混入して砂特性の劣化や製品欠陥の原因となる。  The problems of the prior art as described above can be summarized as follows. One is that the hot water and the mold are in direct contact with each other, so the cooling is fast and the heat retaining property of the hot water is low. For this reason, there is a need for a large feeder with a small effect of the feeder. The other is that when using a feeder sleeve that uses a heat-generating or highly heat-resistant special material to ensure the heat-retaining property of the molten metal, it is expensive and the residue is mixed into the mold sand to improve the sand characteristics. It causes deterioration and product defects.

上記のような問題点に鑑み、本発明では、簡単な押湯の構造で従来技術よりも高い保温性能を有する押湯効果の大きい押湯の構造を提供することを目的とするものである。これには押湯スリーブを用いるが、基本的には従来のような特殊材料は用いず、鋳型砂に残留して混入しても問題がない材料を用いた押湯の構造を提供する。あるいは、特殊材料を用いる場合でも、従来やり格段に少ない量で従来と同等以上の効果が得られる押湯の構造を提供する。  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a hot water feeder that has a simple hot water structure and has a heat retaining performance higher than that of the prior art and that has a large hot water effect. A feeder sleeve is used for this, but basically a special material as in the prior art is not used, and a feeder structure using a material that does not cause any problems even if it remains in the mold sand and is mixed is provided. Alternatively, even when a special material is used, a structure of a hot water feeder that can obtain an effect equivalent to or higher than that of a conventional one is provided in a remarkably small amount.

課題を解決するための手段Means for solving the problem

（手段１）
鋳造における押湯の構造であって、押湯のキャビティー部を成型後、該押湯のキャビティー部より小さい押湯スリーブを挿入し、押湯のキャビティー部の下部に押湯スリーブの下部の外周を嵌合係止するとともに、その他の押湯のキャビティー部と押湯スリーブの外面の間に断熱層を形成したことを特徴とする押湯の構造である。(Means 1)
The structure of the feeder in casting, after forming the cavity part of the feeder, insert a feeder sleeve smaller than the cavity part of the feeder, and the lower part of the feeder sleeve under the cavity part of the feeder The outer periphery of the feeder is fitted and locked, and a heat insulating layer is formed between the cavity of the other feeder and the outer surface of the feeder sleeve.

本手段に用いる鋳型は主として砂型について説明するが、金型でも同じように可能である。また、押湯の種類は揚り押湯でもサイド押湯でも適用できる。押湯スリーブの材質については手段７に記載したような材質で押湯の形状を保てるものであればいずれも可能である。嵌合係止とは、挿入した押湯スリーブが押湯のキャビティー部にしっかりと固定されて緩まない状態を意味する。断熱層とは、押湯の熱が鋳型へ伝導するのを阻止する効果の高い、鋳型あるいは押湯スリーブよりも熱伝導率が小さい物質の層を意味する。その最も簡便なものとして本発明では、特に空気層と発泡樹脂を用いた。また、木、布、珪藻土などもその中に気泡を含んでおり、熱伝導率が小さく断熱層とみなすことができる。  The mold used for this means is mainly a sand mold, but a mold can be used in the same manner. In addition, the type of the feeder can be applied to either a raised feeder or a side feeder. As the material of the feeder sleeve, any material can be used as long as it can keep the shape of the feeder as described in the means 7. The engagement locking means a state where the inserted feeder sleeve is firmly fixed to the cavity portion of the feeder and does not loosen. The heat insulating layer means a layer of a substance having a higher effect of preventing the heat of the feeder from being conducted to the mold and having a lower thermal conductivity than the mold or the feeder sleeve. In the present invention, an air layer and a foamed resin are used as the simplest one. Moreover, wood, cloth, diatomaceous earth, and the like also contain bubbles, and can be regarded as a heat insulating layer with low thermal conductivity.

（手段２）
手段１記載の押湯の構造において、断熱層が空気層であることを特徴とする押湯の構造である。ここで空気層とは、押湯のキャビティー部に最初から存在する空気のみを意味するのではなく、溶湯が押湯のキャビティー部に充填された後に鋳型や押湯スリーブから発生するガスも含むものとする。(Means 2)
The structure of the feeder according to Means 1, wherein the heat insulating layer is an air layer. Here, the air layer does not mean only air that originally exists in the cavity of the feeder, but also gas generated from the mold and the feeder sleeve after the molten metal is filled in the cavity of the feeder. Shall be included.

（手段３）
手段１記載の押湯の構造において、断熱層が発泡樹脂であることを特徴とする押湯の構造である。発泡樹脂は中に多量の気泡を含んでおり、その気泡量は発泡度で表示されるが、いずれの発泡度でも可能である。適宜の強度を有し、できるだけ発泡度の高いものが気泡量が多いので断熱性が高くかつ安価である。(Means 3)
The structure of the feeder according to Means 1, wherein the heat insulating layer is a foamed resin. The foamed resin contains a large amount of bubbles therein, and the amount of the bubbles is indicated by the degree of foaming, but any degree of foaming is possible. Those having appropriate strength and having as high a degree of foaming as possible have a large amount of bubbles, so that the heat insulating property is high and inexpensive.

（手段４）
手段１乃至３記載の押湯の構造において、押湯スリーブの内面あるいは内外面に、押湯スリーブの材質よりも熱伝導率が小さい物質又は発熱性の物質を、塗型するあるいは成型して装填したことを特徴とする押湯の構造である。(Means 4)
In the feeder structure according to any one of means 1 to 3, a material having a thermal conductivity smaller than that of the feeder sleeve or a heat-generating substance is coated or molded on the inner surface or inner and outer surfaces of the feeder sleeve. This is the structure of the hot spring.

（手段５）
手段１乃至４記載の押湯の構造において、押湯のキャビティー部の下部に嵌合係止する押湯スリーブの下部の外周に凹凸又は凸の突起を設けて嵌合の緊密度を高めたことを特徴とする押湯の構造である。凹凸又は凸の突起形状については実施例において詳細に説明する。(Means 5)
In the structure of the feeder according to any one of the means 1 to 4, unevenness or convex protrusions are provided on the outer periphery of the lower part of the feeder sleeve fitted and locked to the lower part of the cavity part of the feeder to increase the tightness of the fitting. This is the structure of the hot spring. Concave and convex protrusion shapes will be described in detail in the examples.

（手段６）
手段１乃至５記載の押湯の構造において、押湯スリーブの外面に補強リブを設けたことを特徴とする押湯の構造である。(Means 6)
The structure of the feeder according to any one of means 1 to 5, wherein a reinforcing rib is provided on the outer surface of the feeder sleeve.

（手段７）
手段１乃至６記載の押湯の構造において、押湯スリーブの材質として、砂、紙、パルプ材、発熱材、保温材の１つ以上を用いたことを特徴とする押湯の構造である。各材質の適用方法については、次の作用の項で詳細に説明する。(Means 7)
The structure of the feeder according to any one of the means 1 to 6, wherein the feeder sleeve is made of at least one of sand, paper, pulp material, heating material and heat insulating material. The method for applying each material will be described in detail in the next section.

作用Action

手段１では、押湯のキャビティー部の下部に押湯スリーブの下部の外周を嵌合係止するとともに、その他の押湯のキャビティー部と押湯スリーブの外面の間に断熱層を形成した。これによって、押湯と押湯スリーブの内面は直接接触するが、押湯スリーブと押湯のキャビティー部の鋳型は直接接触することがなくなり、冷却速度は大幅に遅くなり、押湯スリーブの保温性が高まり押湯効果の時間が延びる。この結果、押湯を小さくすることができ、鋳造歩留りが向上する。  In the means 1, the outer periphery of the lower part of the feeder sleeve is fitted and locked to the lower part of the cavity part of the feeder, and a heat insulating layer is formed between the cavity part of the other feeder and the outer surface of the feeder sleeve. . As a result, the feeder and the inner surface of the feeder sleeve are in direct contact, but the feeder sleeve and the mold in the cavity of the feeder are not in direct contact with each other, and the cooling rate is greatly reduced. Increases the property and extends the time of the hot-spring effect. As a result, the feeder can be reduced and the casting yield is improved.

手段２では、その断熱層として空気層を用いた。押湯のキャビティー部を成型後、該押湯のキャビティー部より小さい押湯スリーブを挿入しているので、押湯のキャビティー部と押湯スリーブの外面の間に隙間ができ、この部分の空気層を断熱に用いる。つまり、従来技術では押湯又は押湯スリーブと鋳型が直接接触していたが、本手段では空気層が存在することで、断熱性が高まり、その結果押湯の冷却が大幅に遅くなり、押湯スリーブの保温性が高まり押湯効果が大きくなる。ちなみに、湿潤した鋳型砂と空気の熱伝導率は、それぞれ２．７ｗ／ｍｋ及び０．０２５ｗ／ｍｋで、空気の熱伝導率は鋳型砂に比べて格段に小さく、断熱効果が極めて大きいことがわかる。  In means 2, an air layer was used as the heat insulating layer. After molding the feeder cavity part, a feeder sleeve smaller than the feeder cavity part is inserted, so there is a gap between the feeder cavity part and the outer surface of the feeder sleeve. The air layer is used for heat insulation. In other words, in the prior art, the feeder or the feeder sleeve and the mold are in direct contact with each other, but in this means, the presence of an air layer increases the heat insulation, and as a result, cooling of the feeder is significantly slowed down. The heat insulation property of the hot water sleeve is increased and the effect of the hot water is increased. Incidentally, the thermal conductivity of wet mold sand and air is 2.7 w / mk and 0.025 w / mk, respectively, and the thermal conductivity of air is much smaller than that of mold sand, and the heat insulation effect is extremely large. Recognize.

手段３では、断熱層として発泡樹脂を用いた。周知のように発泡樹脂は断熱材として住宅の断熱材他で広く用いられており、安価でかつその中に含まれている気泡によって断熱効果の大きな材料である。また押湯スリーブの外形状に合せて簡単に成型が可能である。本手段では、発泡樹脂を押湯スリーブの外面に被せて用いた。なお、発泡樹脂の外面を押湯のキャビティー部よりも小さくすることで、その隙間に空気層を形成させることもできる。  In means 3, foamed resin was used as the heat insulating layer. As is well known, a foamed resin is widely used as a heat insulating material in residential heat insulating materials and the like, and is inexpensive and has a large heat insulating effect due to bubbles contained therein. Further, it can be easily molded in accordance with the outer shape of the feeder sleeve. In this means, the foamed resin is used by covering the outer surface of the feeder sleeve. In addition, an air layer can also be formed in the clearance by making the outer surface of the foamed resin smaller than the cavity portion of the feeder.

手段４では、押湯スリーブの内面あるいは内外面に、押湯スリーブの材質よりも熱伝導率の小さい物質又は発熱性の物質を、塗型するあるいは成型して装填したことで、押湯スリーブ内面は押湯と直接接触せずその冷却速度を遅くすることができる。また、外面も断熱性が高まって冷却速度が遅くなり、押湯スリーブの保温効果が向上する。また、発熱性の物質は、これが溶湯による熱で発熱して押湯スリーブの保温効果がさらに向上する。発熱材は鋳型に混入しても影響が少ないものを使用する。  In the means 4, the inner surface or inner / outer surface of the feeder sleeve is filled with a material having a thermal conductivity smaller than that of the feeder sleeve or a heat-generating substance by molding or molding, so that the inner surface of the feeder sleeve is filled. Is not in direct contact with the feeder, and its cooling rate can be slowed. In addition, the heat insulation of the outer surface is increased, the cooling rate is reduced, and the heat retaining effect of the feeder sleeve is improved. Further, the exothermic substance generates heat due to the heat generated by the molten metal, and the heat retaining effect of the feeder sleeve is further improved. Use a heat-generating material that has little effect even if mixed in the mold.

手段５では、押湯のキャビティー部の下部に嵌合係止する押湯スリーブの下部の外周に凹凸又は凸の突起を設けて嵌合の緊密度を高めた。挿入式の押湯スリーブを用いる場合、押湯スリーブは上型に挿入されるので、鋳型の搬送中の衝撃などによって緩んだり落下したりすることが起こる。その改善策として、押湯スリーブの下部の外周に凹凸又は凸の突起を設けて嵌合の緊密度を高めた。これによって、挿入式の押湯スリーブを安定して用いることができる。  In the means 5, unevenness or convex protrusions are provided on the outer periphery of the lower portion of the feeder sleeve that is fitted and locked to the lower portion of the cavity portion of the feeder to increase the tightness of the fitting. In the case of using an insertion-type feeder sleeve, the feeder sleeve is inserted into the upper mold, so that it may be loosened or dropped due to an impact during the conveyance of the mold. As an improvement measure, an uneven or convex protrusion was provided on the outer periphery of the lower part of the feeder sleeve to increase the tightness of the fitting. Thereby, the insertion type feeder sleeve can be used stably.

手段６では、押湯スリーブの外面に補強リブを設けたので、押湯スリーブの肉厚を溶湯の熱及び圧力に耐えうる最小限の厚さにすることができる。すなわち、肉厚が減少することで押湯スリーブの熱容量が小さくなり、押湯と押湯スリーブ内面の直接接触による押湯の冷却作用を低減することができる。これによって、押湯スリーブの保温性が高まる。  In the means 6, since the reinforcing rib is provided on the outer surface of the feeder sleeve, the thickness of the feeder sleeve can be made the minimum thickness that can withstand the heat and pressure of the molten metal. That is, the heat capacity of the feeder sleeve is reduced by reducing the thickness, and the cooling action of the feeder due to the direct contact between the feeder and the inner surface of the feeder sleeve can be reduced. Thereby, the heat retaining property of the feeder sleeve is enhanced.

手段７として、押湯スリーブの材質として、砂、紙、パルプ材、発熱材、保温材の１つ以上を用いた。一般的には、鋳型砂と同じ砂を用いたシェル鋳型、自硬性鋳型などが最も安価でかつ、残留して混入しても問題がなく好ましい。また、一般的な紙も適宜の厚さで充填された溶湯の押湯の形状を保てるものであれば適用可能である。さらに、パルプ材に合成樹脂などを含浸させたものも押湯の形状を保てるものであれば同様に適用可能である。これらを複数組合せると、その間にまた空気層が形成され断熱効果を高める作用が生れる。  As the means 7, one or more of sand, paper, pulp material, heat generating material, and heat insulating material were used as the material of the feeder sleeve. In general, a shell mold using the same sand as the mold sand, a self-hardening mold, etc. are the cheapest and are preferred because they remain and do not cause any problems. Further, general paper is applicable as long as it can maintain the shape of the molten metal filled with an appropriate thickness. Further, a pulp material impregnated with a synthetic resin or the like can be similarly applied as long as the shape of the hot water can be maintained. When a plurality of these are combined, an air layer is formed between them, and the effect of enhancing the heat insulation effect is produced.

また、手段７では従来から押湯スリーブによく用いられてきた発熱材、保温材なども適用することができる。この場合には、高価であり、かつ残留して混入すると鋳型特性が劣化するあるいは製品欠陥が生じるなどの問題点があるので、本発明による保温効果によって押湯スリーブの厚さを極力薄くして最小限の少量使用とすることができる。これは押湯のキャビティー部と押湯スリーブの外面の間に断熱層を形成させたことによる効果である。  Further, as the means 7, a heat generating material, a heat insulating material, and the like that have been conventionally used for a feeder sleeve can be applied. In this case, there is a problem that the properties of the mold are deteriorated or the product defects are caused if it is mixed with remaining, so that the thickness of the feeder sleeve is reduced as much as possible by the heat retaining effect according to the present invention. It can be used in a minimum amount. This is an effect obtained by forming a heat insulating layer between the cavity portion of the feeder and the outer surface of the feeder sleeve.

手段１、２及び７を用いた実施例１において本発明を詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の実施例１を示す押湯の構造の断面図である。押湯のキャビティー部１は製品部２の上部に造型されており、これに押湯のキャビティー部１より小さな押湯スリーブ３が挿入されている。押湯スリーブの下部１１の外周４は押湯のキャビティー部１の下部に嵌合係止されている。  The present invention will be described in detail in Example 1 using the means 1, 2 and 7. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a hot water feeder showing Example 1 of the present invention. The cavity portion 1 of the feeder is formed on the upper part of the product portion 2, and a feeder sleeve 3 smaller than the cavity portion 1 of the feeder is inserted into this. The outer periphery 4 of the lower portion 11 of the feeder sleeve is fitted and locked to the lower portion of the cavity portion 1 of the feeder.

押湯スリーブは、押湯スリーブの下部の外周４以外は押湯のキャビティー部１より小さいので、当然その間に隙間が生じ、そこに空気層５ができる。本発明では、この空気層５を断熱層として利用するのである。これが従来の押湯の構造と全く異なる点である。すなわち、従来技術の押湯の構造では、例えば前述の図９のように、押湯６と押湯のキャビティー部１の鋳型が直接接触しているので、熱伝導性が高く押湯６の冷却が促進されて押湯効果が小さかった。また、押湯スリーブを利用した図１０の場合も、押湯スリーブの外面８と押湯キャビティー１が接触しているので熱伝導性が高く、押湯６の冷却が促進されて押湯効果が小さかった。  Since the feeder sleeve is smaller than the feeder cavity portion 1 except for the outer periphery 4 at the lower portion of the feeder sleeve, naturally a gap is formed between them, and an air layer 5 is formed there. In this invention, this air layer 5 is utilized as a heat insulation layer. This is a point completely different from the structure of the conventional feeder. That is, in the structure of the conventional feeder, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the mold 6 of the feeder 6 and the cavity 1 of the feeder is in direct contact with each other. Cooling was promoted and the effect of the hot water was small. Also in the case of FIG. 10 using a feeder sleeve, the outer surface 8 of the feeder sleeve and the feeder cavity 1 are in contact with each other, so that the thermal conductivity is high and the cooling of the feeder 6 is promoted to promote the feeder effect. Was small.

これに対し本発明では、押湯６と押湯スリーブの内面７は接しているが、押湯スリーブの外面８と押湯のキャビティー部１の間には隙間が存在し、空気層５があるので断熱効果が極めて大きい。その結果、押湯スリーブの保温性が高まることで押湯６の冷却は大幅に遅くなり、押湯６の効果時間が延びる。すなわち、押湯効果が格段に高まり、押湯６を小さくすることができる。なお、押湯６と押湯スリーブの内面７の接触による押湯６の冷却を防ぐために、押湯スリーブ３の厚さを強度が許す限り極力薄くして、すなわち熱容量を小さくして押湯６の熱が押湯スリーブ３によって奪われることを防ぐようにする。  On the other hand, in the present invention, the feeder 6 and the inner surface 7 of the feeder sleeve are in contact with each other, but there is a gap between the outer surface 8 of the feeder sleeve and the cavity portion 1 of the feeder, and the air layer 5 There is a very large heat insulation effect. As a result, the heat retaining property of the feeder sleeve is increased, so that the cooling of the feeder 6 is significantly delayed, and the effective time of the feeder 6 is extended. That is, the hot-water supply effect is remarkably increased, and the hot-water supply 6 can be reduced. In order to prevent cooling of the feeder 6 due to the contact between the feeder 6 and the inner surface 7 of the feeder sleeve, the thickness of the feeder sleeve 3 is made as thin as possible, that is, the heat capacity is reduced. Is prevented from being taken away by the feeder sleeve 3.

ちなみに、湿潤した鋳型砂と空気の熱伝導率は、それぞれ２．７ｗ／ｍｋ及び０．０２５ｗ／ｍｋで、空気の熱伝導率は鋳型砂に比べて格段に小さく、断熱効果が大きいことがわかる。この空気層５を押湯６の断熱層として有効に利用するものである。空気層５の厚みは大きいほど断熱効果は大きいが、押湯６の大きさに応じて適宜な厚さとする。なお、本発明の効果が得られる最小の空気層の厚さはほぼ０．５ｍｍ以上である。  By the way, the thermal conductivity of wet mold sand and air is 2.7 w / mk and 0.025 w / mk, respectively, and the thermal conductivity of air is much smaller than that of mold sand and it can be seen that the heat insulation effect is large. . The air layer 5 is effectively used as a heat insulating layer of the feeder 6. The greater the thickness of the air layer 5, the greater the heat insulating effect, but the appropriate thickness is set according to the size of the feeder 6. It should be noted that the minimum air layer thickness at which the effects of the present invention can be obtained is approximately 0.5 mm or more.

押湯スリーブ３の材質は、砂、紙、パルプ材、発熱材、保温材などを用いることができる。通常は鋳型砂と同じ砂を用いたシェル鋳型、自硬性鋳型などが鋳型砂と同材質で安価であり、かつ残留して混入しても問題がなく最も好ましい。また、一般的な紙も熱伝導率は０．０６Ｗ／ｍｋで断熱性が高く、押湯スリーブとして、適宜の厚さであれば押湯の熱に対しでも押湯形状を保てて適用可能である。さらに、パルプ材に合成樹脂などを含浸させたものも同様に適用可能である。紙、パルプ材などは複数枚を積層して用いると、各層の間に空気層ができて断熱効果が高くなり、高機能の押湯スリーブとなる。この簡便な材料として段ボール材なども有効である。  As the material of the feeder sleeve 3, sand, paper, pulp material, heat generating material, heat insulating material and the like can be used. Usually, a shell mold using the same sand as the mold sand, a self-hardening mold, and the like are the same material as the mold sand and are inexpensive, and even if they remain and are mixed, there is no problem and the most preferable. Also, general paper has a thermal conductivity of 0.06 W / mk and high heat insulation, and can be used as a feeder sleeve while maintaining the shape of the feeder even if the thickness is appropriate. It is. Further, a pulp material impregnated with a synthetic resin or the like is also applicable. When a plurality of sheets of paper, pulp material, etc. are used, an air layer is formed between the layers, the heat insulation effect is increased, and a high-function feeder sleeve is obtained. Corrugated cardboard and the like are also effective as this simple material.

上記の押湯スリーブの材質は、１つあるいは複数で用いる。複数の場合は、コストは上がるが、各押湯スリーブの間に空気層が形成され、さらに断熱性が高められる。  One or a plurality of the above-described feeder sleeves are used. In the case of a plurality, the cost is increased, but an air layer is formed between the feeder sleeves, and the heat insulation is further improved.

また、従来から押湯スリーブによく用いられてきたアルミ粉末とニッケル粉末などの発熱材、熱伝導性の低い材料、例えば珪藻土、シラスバルーンなどを用いた保温材なども本発明に適用することができる。この場合には、高価であり、かつ残留して混入すると鋳型特性が劣化する場合には、本発明の効果を利用して、押湯スリーブの厚さを極力薄くして最小限の少量使用とすることができる。  In addition, heat generating materials such as aluminum powder and nickel powder, which are conventionally used for hot water sleeves, and heat insulating materials using low thermal conductivity, such as diatomaceous earth and shirasu balloon, can be applied to the present invention. it can. In this case, if the mold characteristics deteriorate when it is expensive and remains mixed, the effect of the present invention is used to reduce the thickness of the feeder sleeve as much as possible to minimize the use of a small amount. can do.

図２に同じく手段１、２及び６を用いた実施例２を示す。図２（ａ）は押湯スリーブ３の外観図であって、図２（ｂ）はそのＡ−Ａ断面図である。押湯スリーブ３の外面８に軸方向の突起９が数本設けられている。これは押湯スリーブ３の肉厚を薄くしたときに、溶湯の熱と圧力で破損することがないように設けた補強リブである。これによって、押湯スリーブ３の肉厚を極力薄くして押湯６の温度低下を防ぐことができる。この軸方向の突起９は押湯のキャビティー部１に接触しても、接触しなくてもよい。また、突起形状はこれに限定されるものではなく、適宜の形状、位置、範囲に設けることができる。  FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment in which means 1, 2 and 6 are also used. FIG. 2 (a) is an external view of the feeder sleeve 3, and FIG. 2 (b) is an AA cross-sectional view thereof. Several axial projections 9 are provided on the outer surface 8 of the feeder sleeve 3. This is a reinforcing rib provided so as not to be damaged by the heat and pressure of the molten metal when the thickness of the feeder sleeve 3 is reduced. Thereby, the thickness of the feeder sleeve 3 can be made as thin as possible to prevent the temperature of the feeder 6 from being lowered. This axial projection 9 may or may not contact the feeder cavity portion 1. Further, the protrusion shape is not limited to this, and can be provided in an appropriate shape, position, and range.

図３は同じく手段１、２、５及び６を用いた実施例３を示す押湯の構造の断面図である。押湯キャビティー部１、製品部２、押湯スリーブ３の構成はほぼ実施例１と同じである。本実施例では、押湯のキャビティー部１の下部が少し広げられ、押湯スリーブの下部の外周４がそれに嵌合係止するようになっている。これによって、押湯スリーブ３の挿入深さが決まり安定した挿入が可能になった。また、押湯スリーブの外面８にいくつかの外面突起１０を設けている。これも実施例２と同じように、押湯スリーブ３を薄くしたときの補強リブである。この突起形状もこれに限定されるものではなく、適宜の形状、位置、範囲に設けることができる。  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a hot water supply showing Example 3 using the means 1, 2, 5 and 6 in the same manner. The structures of the feeder cavity portion 1, the product portion 2, and the feeder sleeve 3 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the lower portion of the feeder cavity portion 1 is slightly widened, and the lower outer periphery 4 of the feeder sleeve is fitted and locked thereto. As a result, the insertion depth of the feeder sleeve 3 is determined and stable insertion becomes possible. Also, some outer surface protrusions 10 are provided on the outer surface 8 of the feeder sleeve. This is also a reinforcing rib when the feeder sleeve 3 is made thin as in the second embodiment. This protrusion shape is not limited to this, and can be provided in an appropriate shape, position, and range.

図４は実施例３の押湯スリーブの下部１１のＢ−Ｂ断面を示す図である。図４では手段５を用いて、押湯スリーブの下部１１の外周４にはノコ刃状の凹凸突起１２が設けられている。この凹凸突起１２によって、押湯スリーブの下部の外周４は押湯のキャビティー部１の下部に食い込み、高い緊密度で嵌合係止することができる。  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the lower part 11 of the feeder sleeve according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 4, using the means 5, a sawtooth-shaped uneven projection 12 is provided on the outer periphery 4 of the lower part 11 of the feeder sleeve. By this uneven projection 12, the lower outer periphery 4 of the feeder sleeve can bite into the lower portion of the feeder cavity portion 1 and can be fitted and locked with high tightness.

また、図５は同じく実施例３の押湯スリーブの下部１１のＢ−Ｂ断面を示す別の一例図である。図５では同じく手段５を用いて、押湯スリーブの下部の外周４には半球状の突起１３が設けられている。この凸突起１３によって、押湯スリーブの下部の外周４は押湯のキャビティー部１の下部に食い込み、高い緊密度で嵌合係止することができる。図３、４、５のような改良によって、押湯スリーブの強度向上及び嵌合係止の緊密度の向上がなされ、本発明の実施がさらに安定して行えるようになった。図４及び図５に示したノコ刃状の凹凸突起１２及び半球状の凸突起１３は押湯スリーブ３の嵌合係止の緊密度を高めるための一例として示したもので、その形状には限定されない。  FIG. 5 is another example showing a BB cross section of the lower portion 11 of the feeder sleeve of the third embodiment. In FIG. 5, the means 5 is also used, and a hemispherical protrusion 13 is provided on the outer periphery 4 at the lower part of the feeder sleeve. By this convex protrusion 13, the outer periphery 4 of the lower part of the feeder sleeve can bite into the lower part of the cavity part 1 of the feeder and can be fitted and locked with high tightness. Improvements as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 have improved the strength of the feeder sleeve and the tightness of the engagement locking, and the present invention can be implemented more stably. 4 and 5 are shown as an example for increasing the tightness of fitting and locking of the feeder sleeve 3, and the shape thereof is shown in FIG. It is not limited.

図６は手段３を用いた本発明の実施例４を示す押湯の構造の断面図である。押湯のキャビティー部１、製品部２、押湯スリーブ３の構成はほぼ実施例１と同じである。本実施例では、押湯スリーブの外面８に発泡樹脂１４を被せている。つまり、断熱層として発泡樹脂１４を用いたものである。発泡樹脂１４は空気層に比べて断熱性は劣るが、押湯スリーブ３を薄くしたときの補強材としても有効である。なお、発泡樹脂１４の外面を押湯のキャビティー部１よりも小さくすることで、その隙間に手段２の断熱性の空気層を形成させることもできる。  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a hot water feeder that shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention using the means 3. The structures of the feeder cavity portion 1, product portion 2 and feeder sleeve 3 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the foamed resin 14 is covered on the outer surface 8 of the feeder sleeve. That is, the foamed resin 14 is used as the heat insulating layer. The foamed resin 14 is inferior in heat insulation compared to the air layer, but is also effective as a reinforcing material when the feeder sleeve 3 is thinned. In addition, by making the outer surface of the foamed resin 14 smaller than the cavity portion 1 of the hot water, a heat insulating air layer of the means 2 can be formed in the gap.

また、ある程度の強度を有する発泡樹脂１４を用いたことで、押湯スリーブ３を挿入式だけでなく、押湯スリーブ３を造型前に模型にセットして用いる設置型の押湯スリーブとしても使用可能になり、本発明の適用範囲が広がることでもその効果は大きい。なお、発泡樹脂１４は押湯の大きさによってはその熱によってガス化し易いが、ガス化した場合は、それ自体がガス層、すなわち本発明でいうところの空気層として作用して実施例１と同様な効果を発生する。  Further, by using the foamed resin 14 having a certain level of strength, the feeder sleeve 3 is used not only as an insertion type, but also as an installation type feeder sleeve used by setting the feeder sleeve 3 on a model before molding. Even if the application range of the present invention is widened, the effect is great. The foamed resin 14 is easily gasified by heat depending on the size of the hot water, but when gasified, the foamed resin 14 itself acts as a gas layer, that is, an air layer in the present invention. A similar effect occurs.

図７は手段４を用いた本発明の実施例５を示す押湯の構造の断面図である。押湯キャビティー部１、製品部２、押湯スリーブ３の構成はほぼ実施例１と同じである。本実施例では、押湯スリーブの内面７に押湯スリーブ３よりも熱伝導率が小さく断熱性が高い物質、例えば珪藻土などの断熱性の塗型１５を施している。これによって、押湯スリーブの内面７は押湯６と直接接触することがなくなり、押湯６の冷却は遅くなり、押湯スリーブ３の保温性が高くなる。断熱性の塗型１５は押湯スリーブの内面７のみでなく、押湯スリーブの外面８に実施するとさらに断熱性が高められる。断熱性の高い塗型としては、シラスバルーンやグラスウール、ロックウォールなども用いることができるが、できるだけ鋳型材と同種類のものが好ましい。  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a hot water feeder that shows the fifth embodiment of the present invention using the means 4. The structures of the feeder cavity portion 1, the product portion 2, and the feeder sleeve 3 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the inner surface 7 of the feeder sleeve is provided with a heat-insulating coating die 15 such as diatomaceous earth, which has a lower thermal conductivity than the feeder sleeve 3 and a higher thermal insulation property. As a result, the inner surface 7 of the feeder sleeve does not come into direct contact with the feeder 6, the cooling of the feeder 6 is delayed, and the heat retaining property of the feeder sleeve 3 is increased. When the heat insulating coating mold 15 is applied not only to the inner surface 7 of the feeder sleeve but also to the outer surface 8 of the feeder sleeve, the thermal insulation is further enhanced. Shirasu balloon, glass wool, rock wall, and the like can be used as the coating type having high heat insulation, but the same type as the mold material is preferable.

また、上記断熱性の高い物質の代わりに、発熱性の物質を塗型することで、溶湯の熱によって発熱しさらに押湯スリーブ３の保温性が向上する。発熱材としては、Ａｌ粉末とＮｉ粉末などの混合金属粉末、あるいは酸化し易い金属粉末と酸化物粉末、酸化促進剤の混合粉末などが有効である。  In addition, by applying a heat-generating substance instead of the highly heat-insulating substance, heat is generated by the heat of the molten metal, and the heat retaining property of the feeder sleeve 3 is improved. As the heat generating material, a mixed metal powder such as Al powder and Ni powder, or a metal powder and oxide powder which are easily oxidized, a mixed powder of an oxidation accelerator, and the like are effective.

また、上記熱伝導率が小さい物質又は発熱性の物質を砂、粘結材などと混合して成型し、これを押湯スリーブ３の内面又は外面に装填することも塗型するのと同様な効果を得ることができる。  In addition, the material having a low thermal conductivity or the exothermic material is mixed with sand, caking material or the like and molded, and this is loaded on the inner surface or outer surface of the feeder sleeve 3 in the same manner as coating. An effect can be obtained.

図８は手段１及び２を用いた本発明の実施例６を示す押湯の構造の断面図である。本実施例では、本発明をサイド押湯に用いた例を説明する。サイド押湯１６は製品部２の側面に設けられており、押湯スリーブ３はそのサイド押湯１６の上部に挿入されて嵌合係止されている。これによって、サイド押湯１６の上部は実施例１と同様に断熱保温されて前記と同様な効果を得ることができる。また、本図のような押湯の上部のみでなく、押湯の下部及び堰部もその形状に合せて成型した本発明を用いた押湯スリーブを同様な方法で設置することができる。あるいは、サイド押湯全体を本発明の押湯スリーブとすることもできる。  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the hot water feeder showing the sixth embodiment of the present invention using the means 1 and 2. In this embodiment, an example in which the present invention is used for a side feeder will be described. The side feeder 16 is provided on the side surface of the product portion 2, and the feeder sleeve 3 is inserted into and locked to the upper portion of the side feeder 16. Thereby, the upper part of the side feeder 16 is insulated and kept in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the same effect as described above can be obtained. Further, not only the upper part of the feeder as shown in this figure, but also the feeder sleeve using the present invention in which the lower part and the dam part of the feeder are molded according to the shape can be installed in the same manner. Alternatively, the entire side feeder can be used as the feeder sleeve of the present invention.

発明の効果Effect of the invention

以上説明した通り、本発明は、押湯のキャビティー部と押湯スリーブの外面の間に空気層や発泡樹脂などの断熱層を形成させることによって、保温効果が大幅に高められて次のような効果が得られた。
１．押湯の保温効果が向上したことで、押湯を小さくすることができた。すなわち、押湯が削減されて鋳造歩留りが向上した。その結果、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られた。
２．従来の押湯スリーブに使用されていた発熱剤や保温材に比べると保温性は低いが安価な材質、例えば鋳型砂と同じ砂を用いたシェル鋳型、あるいは紙やパルプ材などを、本発明の保温性の高い押湯の構造のスリーブとして用いるもことができるようになった。
３．本発明で押湯スリーブに砂、紙、パルプ材などを用いた場合には、従来の押湯スリーブのような特殊な材料を使用しないので、残留物による鋳型砂の特性劣化や製品欠陥などの問題がなくなった。
４．発熱剤や保温材を用いる場合も、本発明の押湯の構造による高い保温効果によってその使用量を大幅に減らすことができ、原価低減が達成され、また混入する残留物も減少させることができた。
５．押湯スリーブの下部の外周に凹凸又は凸の突起を設けたので、嵌合係止の安定性が向上し、挿入式の押湯スリーブの使用が容易になった。
６．安価な押湯スリーブを提供できたので、多くの鋳物に押湯スリーブを簡便に適用でき、鋳物の健全性確保が容易になった。As described above, according to the present invention, the heat insulating effect is greatly enhanced by forming a heat insulating layer such as an air layer or foamed resin between the cavity portion of the feeder and the outer surface of the feeder sleeve. The effect was obtained.
1. Since the heat insulation effect of the hot water was improved, the hot water could be reduced. That is, the hot metal was reduced and the casting yield was improved. As a result, a significant energy saving effect was obtained.
2. Compared to exothermic agents and heat insulating materials used in conventional hot-water sleeves, heat-reducing properties are low but inexpensive materials such as shell molds using the same sand as mold sand, paper or pulp materials, etc. It can be used as a sleeve having a structure of a hot water having high heat retention.
3. In the present invention, when sand, paper, pulp material, etc. are used for the feeder sleeve, a special material such as a conventional feeder sleeve is not used. The problem is gone.
4). In the case of using a heat generating agent or a heat insulating material, the amount of use can be greatly reduced by the high heat insulating effect by the structure of the hot water of the present invention, the cost can be reduced, and the mixed residue can be reduced. It was.
5. Since unevenness or convex protrusions are provided on the outer periphery of the lower part of the feeder sleeve, the stability of the fitting and locking is improved, and the use of the insertion-type feeder sleeve is facilitated.
6). Since an inexpensive feeder sleeve could be provided, the feeder sleeve could be easily applied to many castings, and ensuring the soundness of the casting became easy.

本発明の実施例１を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows Example 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施例３を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows Example 3 of this invention. 本発明の実施例３のＢ−Ｂ断面図の一例である。  It is an example of BB sectional drawing of Example 3 of this invention. 本発明の実施例３のＢ−Ｂ断面図の別の一例である。  It is another example of BB sectional drawing of Example 3 of this invention. 本発明の実施例４を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows Example 4 of this invention. 本発明の実施例５を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows Example 5 of this invention. 本発明の実施例６を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows Example 6 of this invention. 従来技術の押湯の構造の一例を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows an example of the structure of the feeder of a prior art. 従来技術の押湯の構造の別の一例を示す図である。  It is a figure which shows another example of the structure of the feeder of a prior art.

１ 押湯のキャビティー部
２ 製品部
３ 押湯スリーブ
４ 押湯スリーブの下部の外周
５ 空気層
６ 押湯
７ 押湯スリーブの内面
８ 押湯スリーブの外面
９ 軸方向の突起
１０ 外面突起
１１ 押湯スリーブの下部
１２ ノコ刃状の凹凸突起
１３ 半球状の凸突起
１４ 発泡樹脂
１５ 断熱性の塗型
１６ サイド押湯DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cavity part of a feeder 2 Product part 3 Feeder sleeve 4 Outer periphery of the lower part of a feeder sleeve 5 Air layer 6 Feeder 7 Inner surface of the feeder sleeve 8 Outer surface of the feeder sleeve 9 Axial projection 10 Outer projection 11 Push Lower part of hot water sleeve 12 Saw-blade-shaped uneven protrusion 13 Hemispherical convex protrusion 14 Foamed resin 15 Insulating coating 16 Side hot water

Claims (2)

鋳造における押湯の構造であって、押湯のキャビティー部を成型後、該押湯のキャビティー部より小さい押湯スリーブを挿入し、押湯のキャビティー部の下部に押湯スリーブの下端外周のみを嵌合係止するとともに、その他の押湯のキャビティー部と押湯スリーブの外面の間に空気層を形成したことを特徴とする押湯の構造。The structure of the feeder in casting, after molding the cavity part of the feeder, insert a feeder sleeve smaller than the cavity part of the feeder, and the lower end of the feeder sleeve under the cavity part of the feeder A structure of a feeder, wherein only the outer periphery is fitted and locked, and an air layer is formed between the cavity of the other feeder and the outer surface of the feeder sleeve. 請求項１記載の押湯の構造において、押湯のキャビティー部の下部に嵌合係止する押湯スリーブの下端外周に凹凸又は凸の突起を設けたことを特徴とする押湯の構造。2. The structure of the feeder according to claim 1, wherein an uneven or convex protrusion is provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the feeder sleeve fitted and locked to the lower portion of the cavity portion of the feeder.
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JP6826751B2 (en) * 2015-04-07 2021-02-10 日立金属株式会社 A presser foot forming body and a method for manufacturing a casting using the presser foot forming body.
JP2018058103A (en) * 2016-10-07 2018-04-12 日立金属株式会社 Gate riser formation body and method for producing casting using gate riser formation body
EP3756787B1 (en) * 2019-06-24 2022-05-04 GTP Schäfer Gießtechnische Produkte GmbH Feeder insert with sleeve
EP3756788A1 (en) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-30 GTP Schäfer Gießtechnische Produkte GmbH Feeder insert with outer contour having recesses and protrusions

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JP2000167646A (en) * 1998-12-07 2000-06-20 Honda Motor Co Ltd Structure of feeder head in metallic mold for casting
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