JP5549914B2 - Reinforced structure and method for empty stone walls - Google Patents

Reinforced structure and method for empty stone walls Download PDF

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JP5549914B2
JP5549914B2 JP2009214531A JP2009214531A JP5549914B2 JP 5549914 B2 JP5549914 B2 JP 5549914B2 JP 2009214531 A JP2009214531 A JP 2009214531A JP 2009214531 A JP2009214531 A JP 2009214531A JP 5549914 B2 JP5549914 B2 JP 5549914B2
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JP2011063971A (en
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博義 笠
浩之 山本
一彦 西田
達明 西形
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Hazama Ando Corp
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本発明は、空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法に関し、特に、城郭や社寺の空積み石垣など、伝統的工法で構築され文化財的価値の高い空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a structure and method for reinforcing an empty stone wall, and more particularly, to a structure and method for reinforcing an empty stone wall that is constructed by a traditional construction method and has a high cultural property value, such as an empty stone wall of a castle or a shrine.

わが国に現存する城郭石垣などの伝統的な空積み石垣は、その多くが築造から400年以上を経過し、変状が進んでいるものが少なくない。これらの石垣に孕み出しや目地の開口が発生して不安定化が進行した場合、空積み石垣の安定性を向上させるため、その補強が必要となる。この場合、原則として、コンクリート等の新材料による補強は認められないために、次のような補強工法(以下、これを補強工法1という。)が求められる。まず、石垣を一旦解体する。この場合、石垣を上部から変状箇所に向けて順番に解体する。このため、変状箇所が石垣の下部に存在する場合、施工範囲は変状箇所を頂点として逆三角形状又は底辺の短い台形状に広がることになる。次いで、石垣の変状の原因を確認し、適宜の補修対策を講じる。この場合、石垣に割れ、劣化が認められれば、新材に交換し、胴木等に不具合があれば、新しいものに取り替える。地盤が軟弱な場合は、例えば、木製の杭や栗石の敷設、地盤の締め固め、石灰等の天然材料による改良を行うなど、伝統的工法の範囲で地盤を補強する。そして、石垣の変状発生前の状況を文献、資料や専門家の見識判断等により推定し、石垣を下から順番に積み直す。なお、この作業は標準化されていないため、経験豊富な石工によって行うことになる。   Many of the traditional empty stone walls, such as the castle stone walls that exist in Japan, are over 400 years old and have been transformed. When these stone walls are squeezed out and joint openings are generated and destabilization proceeds, reinforcement is necessary to improve the stability of empty stone walls. In this case, in principle, reinforcement by a new material such as concrete is not permitted, and therefore the following reinforcement method (hereinafter referred to as reinforcement method 1) is required. First, dismantle the stone wall. In this case, the stone walls are dismantled sequentially from the top toward the deformed part. For this reason, when the deformed part exists in the lower part of the stone wall, the construction range spreads in an inverted triangular shape or a trapezoidal shape having a short base with the deformed part as the apex. Next, confirm the cause of the deformation of the stone wall and take appropriate repair measures. In this case, if the stone wall is broken or deteriorated, it is replaced with a new material, and if there is a defect in the body, it is replaced with a new one. If the ground is soft, for example, laying wooden piles or chestnuts, compacting the ground, or improving with natural materials such as lime, the ground will be reinforced in the range of traditional methods. Then, the situation before the occurrence of the deformation of the stone wall is estimated by literature, materials, expert judgment, etc., and the stone wall is reloaded in order from the bottom. This work is not standardized and will be done by experienced masons.

この種の空積み石垣のまた別の補強方法が特許文献1などにより開示されている。この特許文献1では、石垣の孕み出しや緩みを防ぐために、石垣を構成する力石にフックアンカーを取り付け、石垣の面石の艫部分にフックアンカーを取り付けて、これらのフックアンカーを緊結部材で緊結する補強工法(以下、これを補強工法2という。)と、石垣を構成する力石の両面にフックアンカーを取り付け、石垣の背面土層にロックアンカーを打ち込み、石垣の面石の艫部分にフックアンカーを取り付けて、力石の一方のフックアンカーと石垣の背面土層のロックアンカーとを緊結部材で緊結し、力石の他方のフックアンカーと石垣の面石の艫部分のフックアンカーとを緊結部材で緊結する補強工法(以下、これを補強工法3という。)が提案されている。   Another reinforcing method for this type of empty stone wall is disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like. In this patent document 1, in order to prevent the stone wall from squeezing out or loosening, a hook anchor is attached to a force stone constituting the stone wall, and a hook anchor is attached to a heel portion of the face stone of the stone wall, and these hook anchors are fastened with a fastening member. Reinforcement method (hereinafter referred to as Reinforcement method 2), hook anchors are attached to both sides of the force stones that make up the stone wall, lock anchors are driven into the back soil layer of the stone wall, and hook anchors are placed on the stone wall surface of the stone wall , And fasten one hook anchor of the force stone and the rock anchor of the back soil layer of the stone wall with the fastening member, and fasten the other hook anchor of the stone stone and the hook anchor of the hook portion of the stone wall face with the fastening member. Reinforcement method (hereinafter referred to as reinforcement method 3) has been proposed.

特許第4264431号公報Japanese Patent No. 4264431

しかしながら、上記従来の空積み石垣の補強方法では、次のような問題がある。
(1)上記補強工法1では、石垣は基本的に現況に復されるため、この石垣の構造上、石材(築石)の控え(奥行き方向の長さ)が短いなどの構造的な弱点があり、この部分の石材を取り替えない限り、時間の経過によりこの石垣に再度変状が発生する虞がある。また、地震等により築石が前方に変位(孕み出し)したりすると、同時に裏栗石が沈下して、石垣の背面側に空洞や緩みの領域が生じ、変状を誘発する虞がある。
(2)上記補強工法1では、石垣の積み直しにおいて微妙に傾斜を変化させて「反り」を入れることで、安定性を保ち、美しい外観を創り出すことが求められるところ、この反りを考慮しながら石積みを行うことは経験豊富な石工でも容易でなく、上部まで施工してからまた積み直しすることも少なくない。
(3)上記(2)において、石垣に反りを入れるために築石間に楔を入れる方法が従来から提案されているが、この方法では石垣の安定性を向上させることは難しい。
(4)この種の伝統的石垣の補修、補強では、文化遺産を壊さないこと、正統性を追求し、まがい物は認められないこと、必要なときに元に戻せること(可逆性)などが要求されており、伝統的技術・材料により補修、補強されるのが原則で、通常の石積み擁壁のように、アンカーやグラウト等の補強技術が使用できないことが多い。このため、この種の伝統的工法による空積み石垣の補修、補強に、上記補強工法2、3を適用することはできない。特に、補強工法3の場合、石垣の背面土層にロックアンカーを打ち込むため、背面土層に存在する遺構を傷付ける虞があり、好ましくない。
However, the conventional method for reinforcing an empty stone wall has the following problems.
(1) In the above-mentioned reinforcement method 1, the stone wall is basically restored to its current state, so there are structural weaknesses such as a short stone length (length in the depth direction) due to the structure of this stone wall. There is a risk that the stone wall will be deformed again over time unless the stone in this part is replaced. In addition, if the stone is displaced forward (squeezed out) due to an earthquake or the like, the back chestnut will sink at the same time, creating a cavity or loose area on the back side of the stone wall, which may induce deformation.
(2) In the above reinforcement method 1, it is required to maintain the stability and create a beautiful appearance by adding a “warp” by slightly changing the slope in the stone wall re-laying, while taking this warp into account. Masonry is not easy even for experienced masons, and it is often the case that the masonry is built to the top and then reloaded.
(3) In the above (2), a method for putting a wedge between stones to warp a stone wall has been proposed conventionally, but it is difficult to improve the stability of the stone wall by this method.
(4) In repairing and reinforcing this type of traditional stone wall, it is required not to break cultural heritage, pursue legitimacy, disallow false dress, and restore it when necessary (reversibility). In principle, it is repaired and reinforced by traditional techniques and materials, and reinforcement techniques such as anchors and grouts are often not available like ordinary masonry retaining walls. For this reason, the said reinforcement construction methods 2 and 3 cannot be applied to repair and reinforcement of an empty stone wall by this kind of traditional construction method. In particular, in the case of the reinforcement method 3, since the rock anchor is driven into the back soil layer of the stone wall, there is a possibility that the remains existing in the back soil layer may be damaged, which is not preferable.

本発明は、このような従来の問題を解決するものであり、この種の空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法において、近代的な工法や材料を用いることなく又は可及的に用いることなく、しかも石垣の構成要素として重要な築石を交換することなしに、石垣の安定性を向上させ得る伝統的石垣の補強を実現すること、併せて石垣に安定勾配の反りを容易に入れることなど、を目的とする。   The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and in this type of empty stone wall reinforcing structure and method, it is possible to use a modern construction method or material without using it as much as possible. Realizing the reinforcement of the traditional stone wall that can improve the stability of the stone wall without exchanging important stones as a constituent element of the stone wall, and easily adding a stable gradient warp to the stone wall, etc. Objective.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、背面地盤に沿って多数の裏栗石が介在され多数の築石が略階層状に積み上げられて構築された空積み石垣を補強する、空積み石垣の補強構造であって、前記空積み石垣を解体し、積み直しされる前記築石間の裏側間隙と前記背面地盤との間に、硬質の金属材からなる棒状補強部材が当該棒状補強部材の基端部を前記裏側間隙に配置されて前記背面地盤に向けて設置され、前記裏側間隙に前記築石に安定した勾配を付けて石材が噛ませられて、当該棒状補強部材が前記裏栗石の間に介挿される、ことを要旨とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention reinforces an empty stone wall that is constructed by a large number of stones stacked in a substantially hierarchical manner with a large number of stones interposed along the back ground. A bar-shaped reinforcing member made of a hard metal material is a base of the bar- shaped reinforcing member between a back side gap between the stones to be demolished and re-stacked and the back ground. An end portion is disposed in the back side gap and is set toward the back side ground, and a stone material is bitten in the back side gap with a stable gradient on the stone, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member is interposed between the back chestnut stones. The gist of this is to be inserted.

この場合、棒状補強部材の終端部は背面地盤に到達されず、裏栗石内に留められることが好ましい。 In this case, the end portion of the rod-like reinforcing member is not reached on the back ground, it is preferable to keep inside the back Kuriishi.

また、上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、背面地盤に沿って多数の裏栗石が介在され多数の築石が略階層状に積み上げられて構築された空積み石垣を補強する、空積み石垣の補強方法であって、空積み石垣を解体後の積み直しをするときに、前記築石間の裏側間隙と前記背面地盤との間に、硬質の金属材からなる棒状補強部材を当該棒状補強部材の基端部を前記裏側間隙に配置して前記背面地盤に向けて設置し、前記裏側間隙に前記築石に安定した勾配を付けて石材を噛ませ、当該棒状補強部材を前記裏栗石の間に介挿する、ことを要旨とする。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention reinforces an empty stone wall constructed by a large number of stones stacked in a substantially hierarchical manner with a large number of back stones interposed along the back ground. a stone wall method reinforcement, when the re-loading an empty loading stone after dismantling, between the back gap and the back ground between the built stone, the rod-shaped rod-like reinforcing member made of a metal material of a hard A base end portion of a reinforcing member is arranged in the back side gap and is set toward the back ground, and a stone is chewed on the back side gap with a stable gradient to the stone, and the rod-like reinforcing member is attached to the back side stone. The gist is to interpose between the two.

この場合、棒状補強部材の終端部は背面地盤に到達させず、裏栗石内に留めることが好ましいIn this case, it is preferable that the end portion of the rod-shaped reinforcing member is not allowed to reach the back ground but is held in the back chestnut stone .

本発明の空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法によれば、空積み石垣を解体し、積み直しする築石間の裏側間隙と背面地盤との間に、硬質の金属材からなる棒状補強部材をこの棒状補強部材の基端部を当該裏側間隙に配置して背面地盤に向けて設置し、当該裏側間隙に築石に安定した勾配を付けて石材を噛ませ、棒状補強部材を裏栗石の間に介挿するようにしたので、棒状補強部材により、裏栗石の変位を抑制するとともに、築石と裏栗石とを一体化して、石垣の安定性を向上させることができ、棒状補強部材石材により、石垣に安定した勾配の反りを入れることができる。そして、この棒状補強部材の終端部は背面地盤に到達させず、裏栗石の中に留めるようにすることで、背面地盤に存在する遺構を傷付けることがない。 According to empty masonry stone wall reinforcing structure and method of the present invention, dismantled empty masonry stone wall, between the built Issima the back gap which again loading the back ground, the rod-like reinforcing member made of a metal material of a hard this Place the base end of the bar-shaped reinforcing member in the gap on the back side and install it toward the backside ground, bite the stone with a stable slope in the stone on the back side gap, and place the bar-shaped reinforcing member between the back chestnuts Having to interpose so, the rod-like reinforcing member, it is possible to suppress the displacement of the back Kuriishi, by integrating the built stones and back Kuriishi, Ki is possible to improve the stability of the stone wall, and the rod-shaped reinforcing member Ri by the stone, it is possible to put a warp of stable gradient in the stone wall. Their to, the end of the rod-like reinforcing member is not allowed to reach the back ground, by so keep in the back Kuriishi, never damage the remnants present in the back ground.

本発明の第1の実施の形態における空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the reinforcement structure and method of an empty stone wall in the 1st Embodiment of this invention 同補強構造及び方法に採用する棒状補強部材の構成を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rod-shaped reinforcement member employ | adopted as the reinforcement structure and method 本発明の第2の実施の形態における空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the reinforcement structure and method of an empty stone wall in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention 本発明の第3の実施の形態における空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the reinforcement structure and method of an empty stone wall in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention

次に、この発明を実施するための形態について図を用いて説明する。図1に第1の実施の形態を示している。   Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment.

まず、図1を用いて、空積み石垣の補強構造について説明する。図1において、空積み石垣4は城郭石垣などの伝統的な空積み石垣であり、背面地盤43に沿って多数の裏栗石42が介在され多数の築石41が階層状に積み上げられて構築される。なお、築石41は石垣本体を構成する石材で、最下段に配されるものを特に根石という。また、ここで築石41間に主として応力伝達の目的で配置される石材を飼石と呼ぶ。裏栗石42は築石41と背面地盤43との間に裏込めされる比較的小径の石材で、石垣の応力伝達機能と背面地盤43からの地下水の排水機能を有する。この空積み石垣の補強構造1では、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44(隣り合う各築石41、41の胴と胴の間の間隙44)と背面地盤43との間に棒状補強部材10が設置され、この棒状補強部材10が裏栗石42、42、…の間(栗石と栗石の間)に介挿される。この棒状補強部材10はそれぞれ、図2に示すように、天然材料の石材により、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延びる棒状に、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間の寸法よりも少し短い所定の長さに加工される。そして、この棒状補強部材10の場合、基端部11は築石41に安定した勾配を付けて各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に嵌合可能に、当該間隙44に対して所定の接触角度の楔形に形成される。この場合、棒状補強部材10の各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に対する接触面(ここでは上下各面11u、11d)の角度は予め解析等で求められた安定勾配に石垣4が構築されるように調整される。このようにして棒状補強部材10は、図1に示すように、基端部11が築石41に安定した勾配を付けて各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に噛ませられ、この間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延び、裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿される。そして、この棒状補強部材10の終端部は背面地盤43に到達されず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留められる。   First, the reinforcing structure of an empty stone wall will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, an empty stone wall 4 is a traditional empty stone wall such as a castle stone wall, and is constructed by stacking a large number of stones 41 in a layered manner with a large number of back stones 42 interposed along the back ground 43. The The stone 41 is a stone material constituting the stone wall main body, and the one arranged at the lowest level is particularly called a root stone. Further, here, a stone material arranged mainly for the purpose of stress transmission between the stones 41 is called a stalagmite. The back chestnut 42 is a relatively small diameter stone that is backed between the stone 41 and the backside ground 43, and has a stress transmission function of the stone wall and a drainage function of groundwater from the backside ground 43. In this reinforced stone wall reinforcement structure 1, a bar-shaped reinforcement is provided between the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 (the gap 44 between the cylinders of the adjacent stones 41, 41) and the back ground 43. The member 10 is installed, and the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 is inserted between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... (Between the chestnut stones and the chestnut stones). As shown in FIG. 2, each of the bar-shaped reinforcing members 10 is formed of a natural stone material into a bar shape extending from the back-side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 toward the back ground 43. Are processed to a predetermined length slightly shorter than the dimension between the back side gap 44 and the back ground 43. In the case of this rod-shaped reinforcing member 10, the base end portion 11 has a stable slope on the stone 41 and can be fitted into the back-side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41, with respect to the gap 44. It is formed in a wedge shape with a contact angle. In this case, the stone wall 4 is constructed in a stable gradient obtained in advance by analyzing the angle of the contact surface (here, the upper and lower surfaces 11u, 11d) with respect to the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10. Adjusted to In this way, as shown in FIG. 1, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is engaged with the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 with the base end portion 11 giving a stable gradient to the stone 41. It extends from 44 toward the back ground 43, and is inserted between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. And the termination | terminus part of this rod-shaped reinforcement member 10 does not reach | attain the back ground 43, but is fastened in the back chestnut stones 42, 42, ....

次に、この図1を用いて、この空積み石垣の補強方法について説明する。この補強方法では、空積み石垣4の解体後の積み直しとともに、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に予め石材により加工した棒状補強部材10を設置し、当該棒状補強部材10を裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿する。その具体的な施工手順は次のとおりである。まず、対象の石垣4の補修設計として、変状前の石垣4の安定した勾配・反りを設計する(ステップ1)。次に、対象の石垣4を上から順次解体し、主たる断面における築石41の断面形状を測定する(ステップ2)。これに続いて、石垣4の積み直しの際に各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に設置する棒状補強部材10を加工する(ステップ3)。この場合、棒状補強部材10を天然材料の石材により、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延びる棒状に、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間の寸法よりも少し短い所定の長さに加工する。そして、棒状補強部材10の基端部11を、築石41に安定した勾配を付けて各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に嵌合可能に、当該間隙44に対して所定の接触角度の楔形に形成する。この場合、所定の接触角度を上記ステップ1で設計した石垣4の安定した勾配・反りに合致するように加工する必要があり、棒状補強部材10の各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に対する接触面、ここでは上下各面11u、11dの角度を、予め解析等で求められた安定勾配に石垣4が構築されるように調整する。続いて、対象の石垣4を下から順次積み直し、このときに、上記ステップ3で加工した棒状補強部材10を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に設置する(ステップ4)。この場合、棒状補強部材10の基端部11を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に噛ませ、この間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延ばす。棒状補強部材10を設置したら、この築石41と背面地盤43との間に裏栗石42、42、…を十分に充填する。この結果、裏栗石42、42、…が棒状補強部材10の周辺に詰められて、棒状補強部材10は栗石と栗石の間に介挿される。なお、この棒状補強部材10の終端部は背面地盤43に到達させず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留める。そして、上記ステップ4の石垣4の積み直し作業及び棒状補強部材10の設置作業を(石垣4の)最上段まで繰り返す(ステップ5)。   Next, a method for reinforcing the empty stone wall will be described with reference to FIG. In this reinforcing method, along with the re-stacking of the empty stone wall 4 after dismantling, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 previously processed with stone is installed between the back gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43, The rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 is interposed between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. The concrete construction procedure is as follows. First, as a repair design of the target stone wall 4, a stable slope / warp of the stone wall 4 before the deformation is designed (step 1). Next, the target stone wall 4 is disassembled sequentially from the top, and the cross-sectional shape of the stone 41 in the main cross section is measured (step 2). Following this, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 installed between the back gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43 when the stone wall 4 is reloaded is processed (step 3). In this case, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is made of a natural stone material into a bar shape extending from the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 toward the back side ground 43, and the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 and the back side ground. It is processed to a predetermined length slightly shorter than the dimension between 43. Then, the base end portion 11 of the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 can be fitted into the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 with a stable gradient on the stone 41 and a predetermined contact angle with respect to the gap 44. It is formed into a wedge shape. In this case, it is necessary to process the predetermined contact angle so as to match the stable slope and warp of the stone wall 4 designed in Step 1 above, and the back-side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 of the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is required. The angles of the contact surfaces, here, the upper and lower surfaces 11u and 11d are adjusted so that the stone wall 4 is constructed in a stable gradient previously obtained by analysis or the like. Subsequently, the target stone walls 4 are sequentially reloaded from the bottom, and at this time, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 processed in the above step 3 is installed between the backside gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43. (Step 4). In this case, the base end portion 11 of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 is engaged with the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41, and extends from the gap 44 toward the back ground 43. When the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is installed, the back chestnuts 42, 42,... Are sufficiently filled between the stone 41 and the back ground 43. As a result, the back chestnuts 42, 42,... Are packed around the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is inserted between the chestnut and the chestnut. It should be noted that the end portion of the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is not allowed to reach the back surface ground 43 but is held within the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. Then, the reworking work of the stone wall 4 and the installation work of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 in step 4 are repeated up to the uppermost stage (of the stone wall 4) (step 5).

このように対象の石垣4を伝統的工法により解体して積み直しを行う際に、上下の各築石41、41間に密着するように棒状補強部材10を飼石(築石の背面や上下の隙間に配され、築石を固定して緩みを防止する機能を有する石材)として配置し、この棒状補強部材10を裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿したことで、当該棒状補強部材10により、裏栗石42、42、…の変位を抑制するとともに、築石41と裏栗石42、42、…とを一体化して、地震時でも築石41のずれや裏栗石42の沈下を抑制することができ、石垣4の安定性を十分に確保することができる。この場合、棒状補強部材10の各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に対する接触面の角度を予め解析等で求められた安定勾配に石垣4が構築されるように調整することで、石垣4の安定した直線又は曲線勾配を容易に実現することができる。また、棒状補強部材10の設置範囲を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から裏栗石層42、42、…の内部までに留めることで、棒状補強部材10で背面地盤43に存在する遺構を傷付けることがなく、しかも、棒状補強部材10を石垣4の石材とともに積み重ねるだけなので、後世の調査・工事等において必要に応じて容易に除去可能であり、またさらに、この棒状補強部材10を天然材料の石材で形成したことで文化財的な技法や外観に適合するなど、文化財への適用上問題が少ない。   In this way, when the target stone wall 4 is disassembled by the traditional construction method and reloaded, the bar-like reinforcing member 10 is placed in the quarry (the back of the stone and the upper and lower sides of the stone) Are arranged in the gaps between them and are arranged as stones having a function of fixing stones and preventing loosening, and the rod-like reinforcing members 10 are interposed between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. The member 10 suppresses the displacement of the back stones 42, 42,... And integrates the stone 41 and the back stones 42, 42,. The stability of the stone wall 4 can be sufficiently ensured. In this case, the stone wall 4 is adjusted by adjusting the angle of the contact surface with respect to the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 so that the stone wall 4 is constructed in a stable gradient previously obtained by analysis or the like. A stable straight line or curved slope can be easily realized. Moreover, the remains which exist in the back ground 43 with the rod-shaped reinforcement member 10 by stopping the installation range of the rod-shaped reinforcement member 10 from the back side gap 44 between each stone 41, 41 to the inside of the back chestnut layer 42, 42,. In addition, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 is simply stacked with the stone wall 4 so that it can be easily removed as necessary in later investigations and construction work. There are few problems in applying to cultural assets, such as adapting to the techniques and appearance of cultural assets by forming with stone material.

以上説明したように、この空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法によれば、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に棒状補強部材10を設置し、当該棒状補強部材10を裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿するので、当該棒状補強部材10により、裏栗石42、42、…の変位を抑制するとともに、築石41と裏栗石42、42、…とを一体化して、文化財的な外観を損なうことなく、容易に石垣4の安定性の向上を図ることができる。また、この補強構造及び方法では、棒状補強部材10を石材により略棒状に形成し、その基端部11を築石41に安定した勾配を付けて各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に嵌合可能な略楔形に形成して当該間隙44に噛ませるので、文化財的な技法を損なうことなく、石垣4に安定した直線又は曲線勾配を容易に実現することができる。さらに、この補強構造及び方法では、棒状補強部材10の終端部を背面地盤43に到達させず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留めるので、背面地盤43に存在する遺構を傷付けることがなく、またさらに、この棒状補強部材10を石垣4の石材とともに積み重ねているだけなので、必要に応じて除去することができる。したがって、この補強構造及び方法は、特に、近代的な工法が一切認められない伝統的石垣の補強構造及び方法として極めて好ましい。   As described above, according to the structure and method for reinforcing an empty stone wall, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is installed between the back-side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member. 10 is inserted between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,..., And the displacement of the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... Is suppressed by the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10, and the stone 41 and the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. The stability of the stone wall 4 can be easily improved without impairing the appearance of cultural assets. Further, in this reinforcing structure and method, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 is formed in a substantially rod shape by a stone material, and the base end portion 11 is provided with a stable gradient on the stone 41 and a back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41. Since it forms in the substantially wedge shape which can be fitted, and it bites into the said gap | interval 44, the stable straight line or curve gradient can be easily implement | achieved in the stone wall 4 without impairing a cultural property technique. Further, in this reinforcing structure and method, the terminal portion of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 10 is not allowed to reach the back ground 43, but is held within the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... Without damaging the remains existing on the back ground 43, Furthermore, since this bar-shaped reinforcing member 10 is only stacked together with the stone wall 4 stone material, it can be removed as necessary. Therefore, this reinforcing structure and method are particularly preferable as a reinforcing structure and method for a traditional stone wall, in which no modern construction method is allowed.

図3に第2の実施の形態を示している。まず、図3を用いて、空積み石垣の補強構造について説明する。図3において、空積み石垣4は既述のとおりであり、ここでは、石垣4の各部について第1の実施の形態(図1)と同じ符号を付してその重複した説明を省略する。この空積み石垣の補強構造2では、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44(隣り合う各築石41、41の胴と胴の間の間隙44)と背面地盤43との間に棒状補強部材20が設置され、この棒状補強部材20が裏栗石42、42、…の間(栗石と栗石の間)に介挿される。この棒状補強部材20はそれぞれ、石材の代替品として、硬質の金属材、この場合、鋼材により、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延びる棒状に、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間の寸法よりも少し短い所定の長さに加工される。なお、この棒状補強部材20は単なる棒材で、基端部に楔形形状部なるものを有するものではない。このようにして棒状補強部材20は、基端部が各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に配置され、この間隙44内に従来どおり築石41に安定した勾配を付けて裏栗石42、42、…などの石材が噛ませられ、(棒状補強部材20は)この間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延び、裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿される。そして、この棒状補強部材20の終端部は背面地盤43に到達されず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留められる。   FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment. First, the reinforcing structure of an empty stone wall will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the empty stone wall 4 is as described above, and here, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment (FIG. 1) are given to the respective parts of the stone wall 4 and the duplicated explanation is omitted. In this reinforced stone wall reinforcing structure 2, a bar-shaped reinforcement is provided between the backside gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 (the gap 44 between the cylinders of the adjacent stonestones 41, 41) and the back ground 43. The member 20 is installed, and this bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is inserted between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... (Between the chestnut stones and the chestnut stones). Each of the bar-shaped reinforcing members 20 is made of a hard metal material, in this case, a steel material, as a substitute for the stone material, in a bar shape extending from the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 toward the back ground 43. 41 is processed to a predetermined length slightly shorter than the dimension between the back side gap 44 between the 41 and 41 and the back ground 43. The bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is a simple bar and does not have a wedge-shaped portion at the base end. In this way, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 has the base end portion arranged in the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41, and the stone 44 is provided with a stable gradient in the gap 44 as in the conventional manner, .., Etc. are bitten, (the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20) extends from the gap 44 toward the back ground 43, and is inserted between the back chestnuts 42, 42,. And the terminal part of this rod-shaped reinforcement member 20 does not reach the back ground 43, but is retained in the back chestnuts 42, 42,.

次に、この図3を用いて、この空積み石垣の補強方法について説明する。この補強方法では、空積み石垣4の解体後の積み直しとともに、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に予め鋼材により加工した棒状補強部材20を設置し、当該棒状補強部材20を裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿する。その具体的な施工手順は次のとおりである。まず、対象の石垣4の補修設計として、変状前の石垣4の安定した勾配・反りを設計する(ステップ1)。次に、対象の石垣4を上から順次解体し、主たる断面における築石41の断面形状を測定する(ステップ2)。これに続いて、石垣4の積み直しの際に各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に設置する棒状補強部材20を加工する(ステップ3)。この場合、棒状補強部材20を硬質の金属材、ここでは鋼材により、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延びる棒状に、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間の寸法よりも少し短い所定の長さに加工する。続いて、対象の石垣4を下から順次積み直し、このときに、上記ステップ3で加工した棒状補強部材20を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に設置する(ステップ4)。この場合、棒状補強部材20の基端部を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に配置し、この棒状補強部材20を当該間隙44から当該間隙44をなす上下の築石41、41のうち下の築石41の胴(上面)の傾斜に沿って背面地盤43に向けて延ばす。そして、この場合、石垣4を上記ステップ1で設計した安定した勾配・反りに合致させるため、従来どおり築石41に予め解析等で求められた安定した勾配を付けて、当該間隙44内に裏栗石42、42、…などの石材を噛ませておく。このようにして棒状補強部材20を設置した後、この築石41と背面地盤43との間に裏栗石42、42、…を十分に充填する。この結果、裏栗石42、42、…が棒状補強部材20の周辺に詰められて、棒状補強部材20は栗石と栗石の間に介挿される。なお、この棒状補強部材20の終端部は背面地盤43に到達させず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留める。そして、上記ステップ4の石垣4の積み直し作業及び棒状補強部材20の設置作業を(石垣4の)最上段まで繰り返す(ステップ5)。   Next, a method for reinforcing the empty stone wall will be described with reference to FIG. In this reinforcing method, along with the restacking of the empty stone wall 4 after dismantling, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 previously processed with steel material is installed between the back gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43, The rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 is interposed between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. The concrete construction procedure is as follows. First, as a repair design of the target stone wall 4, a stable slope / warp of the stone wall 4 before the deformation is designed (step 1). Next, the target stone wall 4 is disassembled sequentially from the top, and the cross-sectional shape of the stone 41 in the main cross section is measured (step 2). Following this, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 installed between the backside gap 44 and the backside ground 43 between the stones 41 and 41 when the stonewall 4 is reloaded is processed (step 3). In this case, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is made of a hard metal material, here steel, into a bar shape extending from the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 toward the back ground 43, and the back side gap between the stones 41, 41. The predetermined length is slightly shorter than the dimension between 44 and the back ground 43. Subsequently, the target stone walls 4 are sequentially reloaded from the bottom, and at this time, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 processed in the above step 3 is installed between the backside gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43. (Step 4). In this case, the base end portion of the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is arranged in the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is placed between the upper and lower stones 41, 41 that form the gap 44 from the gap 44. It extends toward the back ground 43 along the slope of the body (upper surface) of the lower stone 41. In this case, in order to match the stone wall 4 with the stable slope and warp designed in the above step 1, the stone 41 is provided with a stable slope previously obtained by analysis or the like as before, and the back of the stone 44 is placed in the gap 44. Chew stones such as chestnut stones 42, 42,. After the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 is installed in this manner, the back chestnuts 42, 42,... Are sufficiently filled between the stone 41 and the back ground 43. As a result, the back chestnuts 42, 42,... Are packed around the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is interposed between the chestnut and the chestnut. It should be noted that the end portion of the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is not allowed to reach the back ground 43, but is retained within the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. Then, the work of reloading the stone wall 4 and the installation work of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 in step 4 are repeated up to the uppermost stage (of the stone wall 4) (step 5).

このように対象の石垣4を伝統的工法により解体して積み直しを行う際に、棒状補強部材20を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に配置し、この棒状補強部材20を裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿したことで、当該棒状補強部材20により、裏栗石42、42、…の変位を抑制するとともに、築石41と裏栗石42、42、…とを一体化して、地震時でも築石41のずれや裏栗石42、42、…の沈下を抑制することができ、石垣4の安定性を十分に確保することができる。この場合、従来どおり、築石41に予め解析等で求められた安定勾配を付けるようにして、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44内に裏栗石42、42、…などの石材を噛ませることで、石垣4の安定した直線又は曲線勾配を実現することができる。また、棒状補強部材20の設置範囲を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から裏栗石層42、42、…の内部までに留めることで、背面地盤43に存在する遺構を傷付けることがなく、しかも、棒状補強部材20を石垣4の石材とともに積み重ねているだけなので、後世の調査・工事等において必要に応じて容易に除去できるなど、文化財への適用上問題が少ない。   Thus, when the target stone wall 4 is disassembled by the traditional construction method and reloaded, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 is disposed between the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43, By inserting the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,..., The bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 suppresses the displacement of the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. 42,... Can be integrated, and the displacement of the stone 41 and the sinking of the back chestnuts 42, 42,... Can be suppressed even during an earthquake, and the stability of the stone wall 4 can be sufficiently secured. In this case, as in the past, the stone 41 is given a stable gradient previously obtained by analysis or the like, and stones such as the back cliffs 42, 42,... Are bitten in the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41. By doing so, a stable straight line or curved slope of the stone wall 4 can be realized. Further, by keeping the installation range of the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 from the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 to the inside of the back chestnut layers 42, 42,..., The remains existing on the back ground 43 are not damaged. Moreover, since the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is simply stacked together with the stone wall 4 stone, it can be easily removed as necessary in later investigations and constructions, and there are few problems in application to cultural properties.

以上説明したように、この空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法によれば、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に棒状補強部材20を設置し、当該棒状補強部材20を裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿するので、当該棒状補強部材20により、裏栗石42、42、…の変位を抑制するとともに、築石41と裏栗石42、42、…とを一体化して、文化財的な外観を損なうことなく、容易に石垣4の安定性の向上を図ることができる。また、この補強構造及び方法では、棒状補強部材20を鋼材により略棒状に形成し、この棒状補強部材20の基端部を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44に配置し、当該間隙44に、従来どおり、築石41に安定した勾配を付けて石材(飼石)を噛ませるので、棒状補強部材20に特に楔形形状部がない場合でも、石垣4に安定した直線又は曲線勾配を実現することができる。さらに、この補強構造及び方法では、棒状補強部材20の終端部を背面地盤43に到達させず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留めるので、背面地盤43に存在する遺構を傷付けることがなく、またさらに、この棒状補強部材20を石垣4の石材とともに積み重ねているだけなので、必要に応じて除去することができる。したがって、この補強構造及び方法は、特に、近代的な工法の適用が一部認められる伝統的石垣の補強構造及び方法として極めて好ましい。   As described above, according to the structure and method for reinforcing an empty stone wall, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is installed between the back-side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member. 20 is inserted between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,..., And the displacement of the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... Is suppressed by the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20, and the stone 41 and the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. The stability of the stone wall 4 can be easily improved without impairing the appearance of cultural assets. Further, in this reinforcing structure and method, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 is formed into a substantially rod shape by a steel material, and the base end portion of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 is disposed in the backside gap 44 between the stones 41, 41. In addition, since the stone 41 is made with a stable gradient as in the past, the stone wall 4 has a stable linear or curved gradient even when the bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 has no wedge-shaped portion. can do. Furthermore, in this reinforcing structure and method, the terminal portion of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 20 is not allowed to reach the back ground 43, but is held in the back crushed stones 42, 42,..., So that the remains existing on the back ground 43 are not damaged. Furthermore, since this bar-shaped reinforcing member 20 is simply stacked together with the stone material of the stone wall 4, it can be removed as necessary. Therefore, this reinforcing structure and method are extremely preferable as a traditional stone wall reinforcing structure and method in which application of a modern construction method is partially recognized.

図4に第3の実施の形態を示している。まず、図4を用いて、空積み石垣の補強構造について説明する。図4において、空積み石垣4は既述のとおりであり、ここでは、石垣4の各部について第1の実施の形態(図1)と同じ符号を付してその重複した説明を省略する。この空積み石垣の補強構造3は、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44(隣り合う各築石41、41の胴と胴の間の間隙44)と背面地盤43との間に棒状補強部材30が設置され、この棒状補強部材30が裏栗石42、42、…の間(栗石と栗石の間)に介挿される。この棒状補強部材30は第2の実施の形態と同様に、硬質の金属材、この場合、鋼材により、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延びる棒状に、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間の寸法よりも少し短い所定の長さに加工される。なお、この棒状補強部材30は単なる棒材で、基端部に楔形形状部なるものを有するものではない。このようにして棒状補強部材30が各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延ばされ、築石41と背面地盤43との間に充填された裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿される。そして、この棒状補強部材30の終端部は背面地盤43に到達されず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留められる。   FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment. First, the reinforcement structure of an empty stone wall is demonstrated using FIG. In FIG. 4, the empty stone wall 4 is as described above, and here, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment (FIG. 1) are assigned to the respective parts of the stone wall 4, and redundant description thereof is omitted. The reinforcing structure 3 of the empty stone wall is a bar-shaped reinforcement between the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 (the gap 44 between the cylinders of the adjacent stones 41 and 41) and the back ground 43. The member 30 is installed, and this rod-shaped reinforcing member 30 is inserted between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... (Between the chestnut stone and the chestnut stone). As in the second embodiment, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 is made of a hard metal material, in this case, a steel material, in a bar shape extending from the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 toward the back ground 43. It is processed to a predetermined length that is slightly shorter than the dimension between the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43. The bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 is a simple bar and does not have a wedge-shaped portion at the base end. In this way, the bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 is extended from the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 toward the back surface ground 43 and filled between the stone 41 and the back surface ground 43. , ... are inserted between. And the terminal part of this rod-shaped reinforcement member 30 does not reach the back ground 43, but is retained in the back chestnuts 42, 42,.

次に、この図4を用いて、この空積み石垣の補強方法について説明する。この補強方法では、空積み石垣4の解体、積み直しをしない場合に、鋼材からなる棒状補強部材30を用い、棒状補強部材30を石垣4表面から築石41、41間に圧入し、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44から背面地盤43に向けて延ばし、当該棒状補強部材30を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に充填された裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿する。   Next, a method for reinforcing the empty stone wall will be described with reference to FIG. In this reinforcing method, when the empty stone wall 4 is not disassembled and re-loaded, the rod-like reinforcing member 30 made of steel is used, and the rod-like reinforcing member 30 is press-fitted between the stone walls 41 and 41 from the stone wall 4 surface. A back chestnut 42 extending from the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 toward the back side ground 43, and filling the rod-like reinforcing member 30 between the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 and the back side ground 43, 42, ... are inserted.

この空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法では、櫓等が上部に存在するなど、石垣の解体・積み直しが困難な場合、石垣の不安定化が進行し、緊急に補強が必要な場合、石垣の本格復旧までの間の石垣の安定性を確保するために仮説的に補強する場合などに好適で、石垣4表面の各築石41、41の間隙から鋼製の棒状補強部材30を圧入し、この棒状補強部材30を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43間の裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿することで、当該棒状補強部材30により、裏栗石42、42、…の変位を抑制するとともに、築石41と裏栗石42、42、…とを一体化して、地震時でも築石41のずれや裏栗石42、42、…の沈下を抑制することができ、石垣4の安定性を十分に確保することができる。また、この場合も、棒状補強部材30の設置範囲を各築石41、41の裏側間隙44から裏栗石層42、42、…の内部までに留めることで、背面地盤43に存在する遺構を傷付けることがなく、しかも、棒状補強部材30を石垣4の表面から石材の間に差し込むだけなので、この石垣の後世の調査・工事等において必要に応じて容易に除去することができ、さらに、石垣の本格復旧に際しては、この棒状補強部材30を引き抜くことで、石垣を従前の構造に復することができるなど、文化財への適用上問題が少ない。   With this structure and method for reinforcing an empty stone wall, when it is difficult to disassemble and reassemble the stone wall, such as when there is a fence on the top, the destabilization of the stone wall will proceed, and if there is an urgent need for reinforcement, Suitable for hypothetical reinforcement in order to ensure the stability of the stone wall until full recovery, press the steel rod-shaped reinforcing member 30 through the gap between the stones 41, 41 on the surface of the stone wall 4, By inserting the rod-shaped reinforcing member 30 between the back side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... Between the back ground 43, the rod-shaped reinforcing member 30 allows the back chestnut 42, The displacement of 42,... Is suppressed, and the stone 41 and the back chestnuts 42, 42,... Are integrated to suppress the displacement of the stone 41 and the settlement of the back stones 42, 42,. And the stability of the stone wall 4 can be sufficiently secured. Also in this case, the installation range of the bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 is kept from the back side gap 44 of each stone 41, 41 to the inside of the back chestnut layer 42, 42, ..., thereby damaging the remains existing on the back ground 43. In addition, since the rod-shaped reinforcing member 30 is simply inserted between the stone wall 4 and the stone material, it can be easily removed as necessary in later investigation and construction of this stone wall. At the time of full-scale restoration, there are few problems in application to cultural properties, such as the stone wall can be restored to the previous structure by pulling out the rod-shaped reinforcing member 30.

以上説明したように、この空積み石垣の補強構造及び方法によれば、石垣4表面の各築石41、41の間隙から棒状補強部材30を圧入することにより、この棒状補強部材30を各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に設置し、当該棒状補強部材30を裏栗石42、42、…の間に介挿するので、空積み石垣4を解体・積み直しすることなしに、裏栗石42、42、…の変位を抑制するとともに、築石41と裏栗石42、42、…を一体化して、石垣4の安定性を迅速に確保することができ、特に、緊急性を要する石垣の仮設補強として有効である。また、この補強構造及び方法でも、棒状補強部材30の終端部を背面地盤43に到達させず、裏栗石42、42、…内に留めるので、背面地盤43に存在する遺構を傷付けることがなく、さらに、この棒状補強部材30を石垣4表面の築石41、41の間隙から差し込んで、各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に設置するので、この棒状補強部材30を必要に応じて引き抜き、石垣4を従前の構造に復することができるなど、伝統的石垣への適用上極めて好ましい。   As described above, according to the reinforcing structure and method of this empty stone wall, each bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 is constructed by press-fitting the bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 from the gap between the stones 41 and 41 on the surface of the stone wall 4. It is installed between the back side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 and the back ground 43, and the rod-shaped reinforcing member 30 is inserted between the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. It is possible to suppress the displacement of the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... And to integrate the stone 41 and the back chestnut stones 42, 42,. It is effective as a temporary reinforcement for stone walls that require urgency. Further, even in this reinforcing structure and method, the terminal portion of the rod-shaped reinforcing member 30 is not allowed to reach the back surface ground 43, but is held within the back chestnut stones 42, 42,... Without damaging the remains existing on the back surface ground 43, Furthermore, since this bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 is inserted into the gap between the stones 41 and 41 on the surface of the stone wall 4 and installed between the back-side gap 44 between the stones 41 and 41 and the back ground 43, this bar-shaped reinforcing member 30 can be pulled out as needed, and the stone wall 4 can be restored to the previous structure, which is extremely preferable for application to a traditional stone wall.

なお、上記各実施の形態では、棒状補強部材10、20、30が各築石41、41間の裏側間隙44と背面地盤43との間に設置される、と説明しているが、この棒状補強部材10、20、30の設置箇所は、(全国)各所の修復、補修が必要な空積み石垣ごとの設計事項であり、各所の空積み石垣ごとに適宜設定されることになる。   In each of the above embodiments, the bar-shaped reinforcing members 10, 20, 30 are described as being installed between the back-side gap 44 between the stones 41, 41 and the back ground 43. The installation location of the reinforcing members 10, 20, and 30 is a design item for each empty stone wall that needs to be repaired and repaired at various locations (nationwide), and is appropriately set for each empty stone wall at each location.

1 空積み石垣の補強構造
10 棒状補強部材
11 基端部
11u 上面
11d 下面
2 空積み石垣の補強構造
20 棒状補強部材
3 空積み石垣の補強構造
30 棒状補強部材
4 空積み石垣
41 築石
42 裏栗石
43 背面地盤
44 裏側間隙
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reinforcement structure of empty stone wall 10 Bar-shaped reinforcement member 11 Base end part 11u Upper surface 11d Lower surface 2 Reinforcement structure of empty stone wall 20 Bar-shaped reinforcement member 3 Reinforcement structure of empty stone wall 30 Bar-shaped reinforcement member 4 Empty stone wall 41 Stone 42 Kuriishi 43 Back ground 44 Back side gap

Claims (4)

背面地盤に沿って多数の裏栗石が介在され多数の築石が略階層状に積み上げられて構築された空積み石垣を補強する、空積み石垣の補強構造であって、
前記空積み石垣を解体し、積み直しされる前記築石間の裏側間隙と前記背面地盤との間に、硬質の金属材からなる棒状補強部材が当該棒状補強部材の基端部を前記裏側間隙に配置されて前記背面地盤に向けて設置され、前記裏側間隙に前記築石に安定した勾配を付けて石材が噛ませられて、当該棒状補強部材が前記裏栗石の間に介挿される、
ことを特徴とする空積み石垣の補強構造。
It is a reinforcement structure for empty stone walls that reinforces empty stone walls that are constructed by interposing numerous back stones along the back ground and stacking a large number of stones in a substantially hierarchical manner,
The air masonry dismantling Ishigaki, between the back gap and the back ground between the built stones being re stacked, the rod-shaped reinforcing member made of a metal material of rigid proximal portion of the rod-like reinforcing member back gap It is placed toward the back ground, and the stone is bitten with a stable gradient to the stone in the back side gap, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member is inserted between the back chestnuts,
Reinforced structure of empty stone walls characterized by that.
棒状補強部材の終端部は背面地盤に到達されず、裏栗石内に留められる請求項1に記載の空積み石垣の補強構造。 The reinforcing structure of an empty stone wall according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the rod-shaped reinforcing member does not reach the back surface ground but is held in the back chestnut stone . 背面地盤に沿って多数の裏栗石が介在され多数の築石が略階層状に積み上げられて構築された空積み石垣を補強する、空積み石垣の補強方法であって、
空積み石垣を解体後の積み直しをするときに、前記築石間の裏側間隙と前記背面地盤との間に、硬質の金属材からなる棒状補強部材を当該棒状補強部材の基端部を前記裏側間隙に配置して前記背面地盤に向けて設置し、前記裏側間隙に前記築石に安定した勾配を付けて石材を噛ませ、当該棒状補強部材を前記裏栗石の間に介挿する、
ことを特徴とする空積み石垣の補強方法
A method of reinforcing an empty stone wall that reinforces an empty stone wall constructed by a large number of stones being stacked in a substantially hierarchical manner along the back ground,
When reloading the empty stone wall after dismantling, the bar-shaped reinforcing member made of a hard metal material is placed between the back-side gap between the stones and the back ground, and the base end portion of the bar-shaped reinforcing member is It is placed in the back side gap and is installed toward the back side ground, and the back side gap is attached with a stable gradient to the stone, and the stone is bitten, and the bar-shaped reinforcing member is inserted between the back chestnuts,
A method of reinforcing an empty stone wall characterized by that .
棒状補強部材の終端部は背面地盤に到達さず、裏栗石内に留める請求項3に記載の空積み石垣の補強方法Terminal end of the rod-like reinforcing member is not allowed to reach the back ground, air masonry stone method of reinforcing according to distillate Mel claim 3 in the back Kuriishi.
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