JP5512253B2 - Scaffold dismantling method - Google Patents

Scaffold dismantling method Download PDF

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JP5512253B2
JP5512253B2 JP2009288613A JP2009288613A JP5512253B2 JP 5512253 B2 JP5512253 B2 JP 5512253B2 JP 2009288613 A JP2009288613 A JP 2009288613A JP 2009288613 A JP2009288613 A JP 2009288613A JP 5512253 B2 JP5512253 B2 JP 5512253B2
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scaffold
divided
building
dismantling
wall
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JP2011127377A (en
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伸夫 松井
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Asahi Kasei Homes Corp
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Description

本発明は、複数層の作業床を有し、建物の周囲に架設された足場の解体方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for dismantling a scaffold having a plurality of layers of work floors and constructed around a building.

従来より、建物の新築あるいは改修の際に建物の周囲に複数層の作業床を有する足場が架設されるが、足場の解体の際は、安定性を確保する為平面的に閉じた状態を保ってたまま上層から順次解体していくのが一般的であった。   Traditionally, scaffolds with multiple layers of work floors have been built around buildings when building or renovating the buildings, but when dismantling the scaffolds, keep them closed in a plane to ensure stability. It was common to dismantle one after another from the top.

一方、略矩形状に区画され一辺のみが道路に面する敷地に平面視略矩形状の建物を計画する際は、隣地に面する側は隣地境界線に沿って隣接建物に近接するように建物を配置するケースがある。例えば、南側の一辺が道路に面する場合は、東西及び北側(隣地側)については隣家に近接するように建物を配置することが多い。このような傾向は建蔽率のゆるい商業系の用途地域において顕著である。   On the other hand, when planning a building with a substantially rectangular shape in plan view on a site that is partitioned into a substantially rectangular shape and only one side faces the road, the building facing the neighboring land along the border of the neighboring land There is a case to arrange. For example, when one side of the south side faces the road, buildings are often arranged on the east and west and the north side (neighboring land side) so as to be close to the neighboring house. Such a tendency is conspicuous in the commercial use areas where the occupancy rate is low.

従って、隣地E側については上記のように足場は狭隘な空間に架設されることが多く、特に足場の解体作業においては建物が構築された後に作業を行わざるを得ないので、作業者は狭隘な空間を解体した各種足場部材を持って移動しなければならなかった。特に、2層目以上の解体においては、幅のせまい作業床の上を建物に足場部材をあてないように注意しながら慎重に移動する必要があり、作業効率が極めて悪いという問題があった。   Therefore, on the adjacent land E side, as described above, the scaffold is often installed in a narrow space, and particularly in the dismantling work of the scaffold, the work must be performed after the building is constructed. It was necessary to move with various scaffolding members dismantling the space. In particular, in the dismantling of the second and higher layers, there is a problem in that work efficiency is extremely poor because it is necessary to move carefully on a narrow work floor with care not to apply a scaffold member to the building.

特許文献1には、枠組足場の解体方法に関する記載がある。これは、枠組み足場を完全に分解することなく、所定のスパンについて縦横方向に連結したままの状態でクレーンで吊り上げて移動させ別の場所で解体するものである。   Patent Document 1 describes a method for dismantling a framework scaffold. In this method, the frame scaffold is lifted with a crane and disassembled in another place while being connected in the vertical and horizontal directions for a predetermined span without completely disassembling the framework scaffold.

特開昭61−68971号公報JP 61-68971 A

上記特許文献1に記載の解体方法は、クレーンで吊り上げた状態でも形状が安定し変形や崩壊が生じない枠組足場に限定されるものであり、長尺の手摺材や変形を防ぐ筋交いなどが複数スパンに跨り、しかもその連結部が一定しない単管足場においてこのような方法を適用することは不可能である。また、クレーンの使用が前提であり、クレーンの利用が困難な現場にて適用することができない。   The dismantling method described in Patent Document 1 is limited to a frame scaffold that is stable in shape and does not deform or collapse even when lifted by a crane, and includes a plurality of handrails and braces that prevent deformation. It is impossible to apply such a method in a single-tube scaffold straddling a span and having a non-constant connecting portion. Moreover, it is premised on the use of a crane, and cannot be applied at a site where it is difficult to use the crane.

本発明は、従来技術の課題を解決し、単管足場の解体作業においても、また、クレーンを使用することができない現場においても適用が可能な足場の解体方法を提供することを目的とするものである。   An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art and to provide a method for dismantling a scaffold that can be applied in the dismantling work of a single-pipe scaffold and also in a site where a crane cannot be used. It is.

上記課題を解決する為に、本発明の足場の解体方法は、複数層の作業床を有し各面が少なくとも1つの緊結具にて建物壁面に緊結された状態で建物の周囲に架設された足場の解体方法であって、建物が建設される敷地において、建物の周囲の敷地の一部を搬出作業エリアとして設定し、緊結部近傍の搬出作業エリア側の位置に足場分割点を設定して足場を複数の分割足場に区分し、分割足場単位で搬出作業エリアに近い分割足場から順次解体することを特徴とする。
また、足場は、単管足場であることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above-described problem, the scaffold disassembly method of the present invention is constructed around a building in a state where each surface has a plurality of work floors and each surface is fastened to the building wall surface by at least one fastening tool. A method of dismantling the scaffold, where a part of the site surrounding the building is set as the unloading work area on the site where the building is constructed, and a scaffold dividing point is set at the position on the unloading work area side near the tightening part. The scaffold is divided into a plurality of divided scaffolds, and the scaffolds are sequentially disassembled from the divided scaffolds close to the carry-out work area in divided scaffold units.
The scaffold is a single pipe scaffold.

本発明の足場の解体方法によれば、作業床上での移動を減らして効率よく安全に足場の解体作業を行うことができる。また、単管足場に適用することができ、更に、クレーンを使用する必要もなく作業することができる。   According to the scaffold disassembly method of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently and safely dismantle the scaffold by reducing movement on the work floor. In addition, it can be applied to a single pipe scaffold, and can be operated without the need to use a crane.

足場の基本構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the basic composition of a scaffold. 壁つなぎの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of a wall connection. 解体前の足場の状態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the state of the scaffold before dismantling. 解体途中の足場の状態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the state of the scaffold in the middle of dismantling. 解体途中の足場の状態を示す立面図である。It is an elevation which shows the state of the scaffold in the middle of dismantling.

以下に図を参照して、本発明に係る足場の解体方法の一実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態の足場Aは、図1に示すような単管足場であり、支柱1(内側支柱1a、外側支柱1b)、ブラケット(踏板支持材)2、踏板3、手摺材4等の部材を、主にクランプを用いて緊結することで構成されるものである。支柱1は長尺の単管からなり、内部側(建物側)に立設される複数の内側支柱1aと外部側に立設される複数の外側支柱1bとが建物の壁面に沿って二列縦隊状態で配列される。ブラケット2は、所定の高さで踏板3を支持する為の部材であり、水平材の中間部を支持するように頬杖状の斜材が取り付けられ、根元側となる水平材の一端及び斜材の下端には外側支柱1bに緊結する為のクランプ部を有し、先端側となる水平材の他端には内側支柱1aに緊結する為のクランプ部を有して構成されている。ブラケット2は、外壁面に対して平面視直角に(支柱1の配列方向と直角となるように)外側支柱1bと内側支柱1aとの間に介在するように取り付けられる。踏板3は、両短辺側に設けられたフックをブラケット2の水平材に掛止することで支持されて各層の作業床Aaを構成する。手摺材4は単管からなり、支柱間に掛け渡されて直交クランプ8にて取り付けられ各層の手摺Abを構成する。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a scaffold dismantling method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Scaffold A of this embodiment is a single pipe scaffold as shown in FIG. 1, and includes members such as struts 1 (inner struts 1 a and outer struts 1 b), brackets (treadboard support materials) 2, treadboards 3, and handrail materials 4. , It is mainly configured by tightening using a clamp. The support column 1 is composed of a single long tube, and a plurality of inner support columns 1a standing on the inner side (building side) and a plurality of outer support columns 1b standing on the outer side are arranged in two rows along the wall surface of the building. Arranged in a column. The bracket 2 is a member for supporting the tread 3 at a predetermined height, and a cheek cane-shaped diagonal member is attached so as to support an intermediate portion of the horizontal member. The lower end of the horizontal member has a clamp part for fastening to the outer support column 1b, and the other end of the horizontal member on the tip side has a clamp part for fastening to the inner support column 1a. The bracket 2 is attached so as to be interposed between the outer column 1b and the inner column 1a at a right angle in plan view with respect to the outer wall surface (so as to be perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the columns 1). The tread board 3 is supported by hooking hooks provided on both short sides to the horizontal member of the bracket 2 to constitute the work floor Aa of each layer. The handrail material 4 is made of a single tube, is spanned between support columns, and is attached by an orthogonal clamp 8 to constitute a handrail Ab of each layer.

図2に示すように、建物Bの所定の位置には壁つなぎアンカー10が設置されている。壁つなぎアンカー10は、各階の梁11に取り付けられ、外壁を構成するALCパネル12の目地部の表面から先端側の雌ねじが形成された壁つなぎ接続部が露出するように持ち出されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, a wall anchor 10 is installed at a predetermined position of the building B. The wall connecting anchor 10 is attached to the beam 11 of each floor, and is taken out from the surface of the joint portion of the ALC panel 12 constituting the outer wall so that the wall connecting connection portion in which the female screw on the tip side is formed is exposed.

図3に示すように、足場Aと建物Bとは、壁つなぎアンカー10とこれに接続された壁つなぎ(緊結具)9を介して連結されており、このような構成によって足場Aの安定性が保たれている。壁つなぎ9は、足場Aの内側支柱1aまたは隣接する2本の内側支柱1a間に架け渡された水平材13に取り付けられて持ち出されており、雄ねじが形成された先端部が、壁つなぎアンカー10の壁つなぎ接続部にねじ込まれて連結されている。なお、壁つなぎ9(壁つなぎアンカー10)の位置は、壁つなぎ91箇所あたりの負担幅が所定の値以下となるように決定されている。また、壁つなぎアンカー10は足場解体後も取り外されることはなく、メンテナンスなどで足場を再度仮設する際には再利用される。   As shown in FIG. 3, the scaffold A and the building B are connected to each other via a wall-connecting anchor 10 and a wall-connecting (connecting tool) 9 connected to the anchor 10. Is maintained. The wall tether 9 is attached to the horizontal member 13 spanned between the inner strut 1a of the scaffold A or two adjacent inner struts 1a and is taken out, and the distal end portion where the male screw is formed is the wall tether anchor. It is screwed and connected to 10 wall tether connections. In addition, the position of the wall connection 9 (wall connection anchor 10) is determined so that the burden width per 91 positions of the wall connection is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Further, the wall anchor 10 is not removed after the scaffold is disassembled, and is reused when the scaffold is temporarily re-installed for maintenance or the like.

上記の基本構成を有する足場Aを、敷地Cにおいて建物Bの建築に用いたのちに解体する際の手順を説明する。敷地Cは矩形であり、敷地Cの南側は、解体された足場Aの構成部材の搬出用の車両が通行する前面道路Dに接し、他の3方向(北側、東側、西側)は隣地Eに接している。建物Bは、平面視矩形の鉄骨造2階建ての住宅である。隣地Eに面する側は隣地境界から建物B外壁面までの離間寸法があまり確保されておらず、足場Aが仮設された状態では、足場Aの構成部材の搬出が困難な状態である。一方、全面道路Eに面する側は、空地をアプローチ、庭、カーポート等として利用するためにまとまった空地が確保されており、建築工事期間中は足場Aの構成部材の仕分けや整理、車両への積み込み等の搬出作業を行い得る領域、即ち搬出作業エリアC1となっている。   A procedure for dismantling the scaffold A having the above-described basic structure after being used for the construction of the building B on the site C will be described. Site C is rectangular, the south side of Site C is in contact with the front road D through which vehicles for carrying out the dismantled components of scaffold A pass, and the other three directions (north side, east side, west side) are adjacent to E It touches. Building B is a steel-framed two-story house with a rectangular shape in plan view. On the side facing the adjacent land E, the distance between the boundary of the adjacent land and the outer wall surface of the building B is not secured so much, and when the scaffold A is temporarily installed, it is difficult to carry out the structural members of the scaffold A. On the other hand, the side facing the entire road E has a clear open space to use the open space as an approach, garden, carport, etc. During the construction work, sorting and organizing the components of the scaffold A, vehicles It is an area in which a carry-out operation such as loading can be performed, that is, a carry-out work area C1.

まず、足場Aにおいて白抜きの三角にて示された足場分割点を設定し、足場分割点によって複数の分割足場A−1、A−2、A−3に区分する。足場分割点は緊結部近傍、すなわち壁つなぎ9が取り付けられた内側支柱1a位置または壁つなぎ9取り付け用の水平材が取り付けられた内側支柱1a位置として、足場分割点の搬出作業エリアC1側の分割足場を解体した後に壁つなぎ9を残存させることができるようにする。なお、長尺材からなり水平に配置される手摺材4は、通常支柱1や踏板3の割り付けとは無関係に配置され、連結位置も定まらないが、本発明においては、足場の組立て段階において、手摺材4等の連結位置を予め足場分割点に対応させるのが好ましい。即ち、手摺材4の連結位置を足場分割点に一致させるか、残存させる分割足場から突出させる場合には、残存させる分割足場を構成する2本以上の支柱1に固定されて安定した状態が保たれるように、且つ保持の突出寸法が過度に大きくならないように割り付けるのが好ましい。   First, scaffold division points indicated by white triangles are set in the scaffold A, and divided into a plurality of divided scaffolds A-1, A-2, and A-3 by the scaffold division points. The scaffold dividing point is the vicinity of the binding portion, that is, the position of the inner column 1a to which the wall joint 9 is attached or the inner column 1a position to which the horizontal member for attaching the wall joint 9 is attached. After the scaffold is dismantled, the wall tether 9 can remain. In addition, the handrail material 4 made of a long material and disposed horizontally is usually disposed regardless of the assignment of the support column 1 and the tread 3, and the connection position is not determined, but in the present invention, in the assembly stage of the scaffold, It is preferable that the connection position of the handrail material 4 or the like corresponds to the scaffold division point in advance. That is, when the connection position of the handrail material 4 is made coincident with the scaffold dividing point or protrudes from the remaining divided scaffold, it is fixed to two or more struts 1 constituting the remaining divided scaffold to maintain a stable state. It is preferable to allocate so that the protrusion dimension of the holding does not become excessively large.

解体作業は、分割足場のうち、搬出作業エリアC1に最も近い分割足場A−1から開始する。分割足場A−1においては、最上層の足場構成部材を全て取り外し、その後順次下の層の足場構成部材を取り外す。なお、支柱1に関しては、支柱1に取り付けられた他の足場構成部材が全て取り外された上で取り外す。また、手摺材4については、上述したように残存する分割足場A−2側から突出した状態となることはあるが、作業上さほどの影響はない。このような手順でA−1を完全に解体すると、足場Aの残存部分は四角く閉じた状態ではなくなるが、壁つなぎ9によって建物に連結されているので、安定状態が保たれる。また、分割足場A−1を先行して解体して形成された空地を搬出作業エリアC1に組み入れ拡張することができる。   The dismantling work starts from the divided scaffold A-1 closest to the carry-out work area C1 among the divided scaffolds. In the divided scaffold A-1, all the uppermost scaffold component members are removed, and then the lower layer scaffold component members are sequentially removed. In addition, about the support | pillar 1, it removes, after all the other scaffold structural members attached to the support | pillar 1 are removed. Moreover, although the handrail material 4 may be in a state of protruding from the remaining divided scaffold A-2 side as described above, there is no significant influence on the work. When A-1 is completely disassembled in such a procedure, the remaining part of the scaffold A is not squarely closed, but is connected to the building by the wall joint 9, so that a stable state is maintained. Moreover, the open space formed by disassembling the divided scaffold A-1 in advance can be incorporated and expanded in the carry-out work area C1.

次に、分割足場A−2を解体する。A−1と同様に支柱最上層の足場構成部材を解体し順次下の層を解体してゆく。この際、バラバラになった足場構成部材は解放された分割足場A−2の端面から分割足場A−1が撤去されて空地となった地上面に降ろし、搬出作業エリアC1方向に運び出す。(足場構成部材はロープなどを使って降下させる。長尺の手摺材4を降下させる場合や作業床から地上面までが近い場合は、作業床上の作業者から地上面に待機する作業者に手渡してもよい。)   Next, the divided scaffold A-2 is disassembled. As in A-1, the scaffold constituent members on the uppermost layer of the support are disassembled, and the lower layers are disassembled sequentially. At this time, the disassembled scaffold constituent members are lowered from the end face of the released divided scaffold A-2 to the ground surface where the divided scaffold A-1 is removed and become empty, and are carried in the direction of the carry-out work area C1. (The scaffolding member is lowered using a rope or the like. When the long handrail 4 is lowered or when the work floor is close to the ground surface, it is handed over from the worker on the work floor to the worker waiting on the ground surface. May be.)

このような作業を繰り返して、搬出作業エリアC1から最も遠い分割足場A−3まで解体する。そして、残存する西側(図における左側)の分割足場A−1´、A−2´、A−3´についても同様の手順で解体する。   Such work is repeated to dismantle the division scaffold A-3 farthest from the carry-out work area C1. The remaining west side (left side in the figure) divided scaffolds A-1 ′, A-2 ′, and A-3 ′ are disassembled in the same procedure.

上記の如く、壁つなぎ9を用いた緊結部近傍の、搬出作業エリアC1側の位置に足場分割点を設定して足場Aを複数の分割足場(A−1、A−2、A−3、・・・)に区分し、分割足場単位で、搬出作業エリアC1に近い分割足場から順次解体することにより、幅が狭く、段差があり、支柱1等の障害物が存在し、安全帯を使用しなければならない作業床上での足場構成部材の移動作業が減り、作業床に比べ幅が広く、段差や障害物もなく、安全帯を使用する必要もない地上面での移動作業が多くなるので、作業時間を短縮することができ、また作業者の安全も確保しやすい。   As described above, a scaffold division point is set at a position on the carry-out work area C1 side in the vicinity of the binding portion using the wall tether 9, and the scaffold A is divided into a plurality of divided scaffolds (A-1, A-2, A-3,・ ・ ・) Divided into separate scaffolds and dismantled sequentially from the divided scaffolds close to the carry-out work area C1, so that the width is narrow, there are steps, obstacles such as struts 1 exist, and a safety belt is used. Because there is less moving work of scaffolding components on the work floor, which is wider than the work floor, there are no steps or obstacles, and there is more moving work on the ground surface that does not need to use a safety belt The working time can be shortened, and the operator's safety is easily secured.

上記実施例では、コーナー部については平面視L字状に分割足場を設定したが、ちょうどコーナーの部分に足場分割点を設定し一直線状の分割足場を設定してもよい。また、分割足場の解体手順は、同じ側について作業エリアC1に近い分割足場から順次解体すればよく、例えば、A−1、A−1´、A−2、A−3、A−2´、A−3´といった手順でも構わない。また、作業者を二組に分け、A−1、A−2、A−3の側の解体と、A−1´、A−2´、A−3´の側の解体とを同時進行させることもできる。   In the above embodiment, the divided scaffold is set in an L shape in plan view for the corner portion. However, a straight divided scaffold may be set by setting a scaffold dividing point at the corner portion. Further, the dismantling procedure of the divided scaffold may be sequentially disassembled from the divided scaffold close to the work area C1 on the same side, for example, A-1, A-1 ′, A-2, A-3, A-2 ′, A procedure such as A-3 ′ may be used. Also, the operator is divided into two groups, and the dismantling on the A-1, A-2, A-3 side and the dismantling on the A-1 ′, A-2 ′, A-3 ′ side are advanced simultaneously. You can also.

A 足場
Aa 作業床
Ab 手摺
A−1、A−2、A−3、A−1´、A−2´、A−3´ 分割足場
B 建物
C 敷地
C1 搬出作業エリア
D 隣地
E 前面道路
1 支柱
1a 内側支柱
1b 外側支柱
2 踏板支持材(ブラケット)
3 踏板
4 手摺材
5 根がらみ
6 ブラケット
7 敷板
8 直交クランプ
9 壁つなぎ(緊結具)
10壁つなぎアンカー
11梁
12ALCパネル
13水平材
A Scaffolding Aa Work floor Ab Handrail A-1, A-2, A-3, A-1 ', A-2', A-3 'Dividing scaffold B Building C Site C1 Unloading work area D Adjacent land E Front road 1 Post 1a inner strut 1b outer strut 2 tread support material (bracket)
3 Footboard 4 Handrail material 5 Roots 6 Bracket 7 Base plate 8 Right angle clamp 9 Wall connection (tightening tool)
10 Wall anchor 11 Beam 12 ALC panel 13 Horizontal material

本発明は、壁つなぎ等の緊結具に限らず、分断された後もなんらかの手段で安定性を立つことができる足場全般に適用が可能である。   The present invention is not limited to a binding device such as a wall tie, but can be applied to all scaffolds that can maintain stability by some means even after being divided.

Claims (2)

複数層の作業床を有し、各面が少なくとも1つの緊結具にて建物壁面に緊結された状態で建物の周囲に架設された足場の解体方法であって、建物が建設される敷地において、建物の周囲の敷地の一部を搬出作業エリアとして設定し、緊結部近傍の搬出作業エリア側の位置に足場分割点を設定して足場を複数の分割足場に区分し、分割足場単位で搬出作業エリアに近い分割足場から順次解体することを特徴とする足場の解体方法。 In a site where a building is constructed , a method for dismantling a scaffold constructed around a building having a multi-layer work floor and each surface being fastened to a building wall surface by at least one fastening tool. A part of the site surrounding the building is set as an unloading work area, a scaffold division point is set at a position near the union area near the binding area, and the scaffold is divided into multiple divided scaffolds, and the unloading work is performed in units of divided scaffolds. A method for dismantling a scaffold, comprising disassembling sequentially from divided scaffolds close to an area. 前記足場は、単管足場であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の足場の解体方法。The method for disassembling a scaffold according to claim 1, wherein the scaffold is a single pipe scaffold.
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JPH0874412A (en) * 1994-09-02 1996-03-19 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Building scaffold and construction method thereof
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