JP5509793B2 - Circulating fluidized bed gasifier - Google Patents

Circulating fluidized bed gasifier Download PDF

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JP5509793B2
JP5509793B2 JP2009251592A JP2009251592A JP5509793B2 JP 5509793 B2 JP5509793 B2 JP 5509793B2 JP 2009251592 A JP2009251592 A JP 2009251592A JP 2009251592 A JP2009251592 A JP 2009251592A JP 5509793 B2 JP5509793 B2 JP 5509793B2
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誠 高藤
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Description

本発明は、循環流動層式ガス化装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed gasifier.

従来より、燃料として、石炭、バイオマス、廃プラスチック、或いは各種の含水廃棄物等の原料を用い、ガス化ガスを生成する循環流動層式ガス化装置の開発が進められている。図２は従来の循環流動層式ガス化装置の一例を示すものであって、該循環流動層式ガス化装置は、前記原料が投入され且つガス化剤を兼ねる水蒸気等のガス化炉流動用ガスにより流動媒体（硅砂等）の流動層１を形成して前記原料のガス化を行いガス化ガスと可燃性固形分とを生成するガス化炉２と、該ガス化炉２で生成された可燃性固形分が流動媒体と共に抜出ループシール管３を介して導入され且つ空気又は酸素等の燃焼炉流動用ガスにより流動層４を形成して前記可燃性固形分の燃焼を行う燃焼炉５と、該燃焼炉５の燃焼排ガスを抜き出す排ガス配管６途中に設けられ且つ前記燃焼排ガスから流動媒体を分離し該分離した流動媒体を媒体流下管７を介して前記ガス化炉２に供給するサイクロン等の媒体分離装置８とを備えてなる構成を有している。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, development of a circulating fluidized bed gasifier that generates a gasification gas using raw materials such as coal, biomass, waste plastic, or various hydrated wastes as fuel has been promoted. FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional circulating fluidized bed type gasifier, and the circulating fluidized bed type gasifier is used for the flow of a gasifier such as steam into which the raw material is charged and also serves as a gasifying agent. A gasification furnace 2 for generating a gasified gas and a combustible solid content by gasifying the raw material by forming a fluidized bed 1 of a fluid medium (such as cinnabar) with gas, and the gasification furnace 2 Combustion furnace 5 in which combustible solids are introduced together with a fluid medium through an extraction loop seal tube 3 and fluidized bed 4 is formed by combustion furnace gas such as air or oxygen to burn the combustible solids. And a cyclone provided in the exhaust gas pipe 6 for extracting the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 5 and separating the fluid medium from the combustion exhaust gas and supplying the separated fluid medium to the gasification furnace 2 via the medium flow pipe 7 And a medium separating device 8 such as It is.

尚、図２中、９は前記原料をガス化炉２に投入する原料投入管、１０は前記ガス化炉２の底部に形成されたウインドボックス、１１は該ウインドボックス１０へ導入されるガス化炉流動用ガスをガス化炉２内部へ均一に吹き込んで流動層１を形成するための多数の散気ノズル１１ａを有する散気板、１２は前記燃焼炉５の底部に形成されたウインドボックス、１３は該ウインドボックス１２へ導入される燃焼炉流動用ガスを燃焼炉５内部へ均一に吹き込んで流動層４を形成するための多数の散気ノズル１３ａを有する散気板である。   In FIG. 2, 9 is a raw material input pipe for introducing the raw material into the gasification furnace 2, 10 is a wind box formed at the bottom of the gasification furnace 2, and 11 is gasification introduced into the wind box 10. A diffuser plate having a large number of diffuser nozzles 11a for uniformly blowing the gas for furnace flow into the gasification furnace 2 to form the fluidized bed 1, 12 is a wind box formed at the bottom of the combustion furnace 5, Reference numeral 13 denotes a diffuser plate having a large number of diffuser nozzles 13a for forming the fluidized bed 4 by uniformly blowing the combustion furnace flowing gas introduced into the wind box 12 into the combustion furnace 5.

又、前記媒体流下管７の途中にはループシール部７ａが形成され、前記ガス化炉２で生成されたガス化ガスが媒体分離装置８へ逆流しないようにしてある。   Further, a loop seal portion 7 a is formed in the middle of the medium flow down pipe 7 so that the gasified gas generated in the gasification furnace 2 does not flow backward to the medium separation device 8.

前述の如き循環流動層式ガス化装置においては、通常運転時、ガス化炉２において、ガス化剤を兼ねる水蒸気等のガス化炉流動用ガスによりウインドボックス１０の散気板１１上に流動層１が形成されており、ここに原料投入管９から石炭等の原料を投入すると、該原料はガス化され、ガス化ガスと可燃性固形分とが生成され、前記ガス化炉２で生成された可燃性固形分は流動媒体と共に抜出ループシール管３を介し抜き出されて、前記燃焼炉流動用ガスによりウインドボックス１２の散気板１３上に流動層４が形成されている燃焼炉５へ導入され、該可燃性固形分の燃焼が行われ、該燃焼炉５からの燃焼排ガスは、排ガス配管６を介して媒体分離装置８へ導入され、該媒体分離装置８において、前記燃焼排ガスから流動媒体が分離され、該分離された流動媒体は媒体流下管７を介して前記ガス化炉２に戻され、循環される。   In the circulating fluidized bed type gasifier as described above, during normal operation, in the gasifier 2, the fluidized bed is formed on the diffuser plate 11 of the wind box 10 by the gasifier flowing gas such as water vapor that also serves as a gasifying agent. 1 is formed, and when a raw material such as coal is input from the raw material input tube 9, the raw material is gasified to generate a gasified gas and a combustible solid, and is generated in the gasifier 2. The combustible solid content is extracted together with the fluid medium through the extraction loop seal tube 3, and the combustion furnace 5 in which the fluidized bed 4 is formed on the diffuser plate 13 of the wind box 12 by the combustion furnace flow gas. The combustible solid content is combusted, and the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 5 is introduced into the medium separation device 8 via the exhaust gas pipe 6. In the medium separation device 8, the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion exhaust gas. The fluid medium is separated and the Isolated fluidized medium is returned through a medium flow down tube 7 to the gasification furnace 2, it is circulated.

ここで、前記燃焼炉５で可燃性固形分の燃焼に伴い高温になった流動媒体が燃焼排ガスと共に排ガス配管６を通り前記媒体分離装置８で分離され、前記媒体流下管７を介してガス化炉２に供給されることにより、ガス化炉２の高温が保持されると共に、原料の熱分解によって生成したガスや、その残渣原料が水蒸気と反応することによって、水性ガス化反応［Ｃ＋Ｈ2Ｏ＝Ｈ2＋ＣＯ］や水素転換反応［ＣＯ＋Ｈ2Ｏ＝Ｈ2＋ＣＯ2］が起こり、Ｈ2やＣＯ等の可燃性のガス化ガスが生成される。 Here, the fluidized medium that has become high in temperature due to the combustion of combustible solids in the combustion furnace 5 is separated together with the combustion exhaust gas through the exhaust gas pipe 6 by the medium separation device 8, and is gasified through the medium flow down pipe 7. By being supplied to the furnace 2, the high temperature of the gasification furnace 2 is maintained, and the gas generated by thermal decomposition of the raw material and the residual raw material react with water vapor, thereby causing a water gasification reaction [C + H 2 O = H 2 + CO] or hydrogen conversion reaction [CO + H 2 O = H 2 + CO 2 ] occurs, and a combustible gasification gas such as H 2 or CO is generated.

前記ガス化炉２で生成されたガス化ガスは、図示していないサイクロン等の媒体分離装置で煤塵等が分離除去された後、化学プラント或いはガスタービン等に供給される一方、前記媒体分離装置８で流動媒体が分離された燃焼排ガスは、排ガス処理設備へ送られる。   The gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace 2 is supplied to a chemical plant, a gas turbine or the like after the dust and the like are separated and removed by a medium separator such as a cyclone (not shown). The combustion exhaust gas from which the fluid medium is separated in 8 is sent to an exhaust gas treatment facility.

因みに、前記循環流動層式ガス化装置における通常運転中の熱量不足時、即ち前記ガス化炉２において原料のガス化のための充分な熱が得られないような場合には、前記ガス化炉２へ供給される原料と同じ石炭等の燃料が補助的に前記燃焼炉５へ投入されて燃焼が行われ、不足する熱を補うようになっている。又、前記循環流動層式ガス化装置における通常運転に到る前段階での循環予熱運転時には、前記ガス化炉２への原料の投入は行わずに、該ガス化炉２の底部から水蒸気の代わりに流動用の空気を供給した状態で、前記石炭等の燃料が予熱用として前記燃焼炉５へ投入されて燃焼が行われ、該燃焼炉５での燃料の燃焼に伴い高温になった流動媒体が燃焼排ガスと共に排ガス配管６を通り前記媒体分離装置８で分離され、前記媒体流下管７を介してガス化炉２に供給されることにより、循環流動層式ガス化装置の循環予熱が行われるようになっている。   Incidentally, when the heat quantity during normal operation in the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is insufficient, that is, when the gasifier 2 cannot obtain sufficient heat for gasification of the raw material, the gasifier A fuel such as coal that is the same as the raw material supplied to 2 is supplied to the combustion furnace 5 in an auxiliary manner and burned to make up for the insufficient heat. In addition, during the circulation preheating operation in the stage before reaching the normal operation in the circulating fluidized bed gasifier, the raw material is not charged into the gasification furnace 2, and water vapor is supplied from the bottom of the gasification furnace 2. Instead, with the flow air supplied, the fuel such as coal is charged into the combustion furnace 5 for preheating and combusted, and the flow becomes high as the fuel burns in the combustion furnace 5. The medium is separated together with the combustion exhaust gas by the medium separation device 8 through the exhaust gas pipe 6 and supplied to the gasification furnace 2 through the medium flow pipe 7, whereby circulation preheating of the circulating fluidized bed gasification device is performed. It has come to be.

尚、前述の如き循環流動層式ガス化装置と関連する一般的技術水準を示すものとしては、例えば、特許文献１がある。   For example, Patent Document 1 shows a general technical level related to the circulating fluidized bed type gasifier as described above.

特開２００７−１１２８７３号公報JP 2007-112873 A

ところで、前述の如き従来の循環流動層式ガス化装置の場合、前記原料を原料投入管９からガス化炉２内部の一側（上流側）に投入すると共に、前記媒体分離装置８で分離された流動媒体を媒体流下管７を介してガス化炉２内部の一側に戻し、該ガス化炉２内部の流動媒体及び可燃性固形分を前記ガス化炉２の他側（下流側）に接続された抜出ループシール管３から抜き出して燃焼炉５へ導入する構造となっており、流動層１の表層での流動媒体の水平方向移動速度が底部より速くなっているが、石炭等の原料は珪砂等の流動媒体より比重が小さく、前記流動層１の表層での流動媒体の流れに乗りやすくなっているため、ガス化炉２内部での原料の滞留時間が短くなってガス化反応時間を確保できず、ガス化性能の低下につながる虞があった。   By the way, in the case of the conventional circulating fluidized bed type gasifier as described above, the raw material is supplied from the raw material input pipe 9 to one side (upstream side) inside the gasification furnace 2 and separated by the medium separator 8. The fluidized medium is returned to one side inside the gasification furnace 2 through the medium flow pipe 7, and the fluid medium and combustible solid content inside the gasification furnace 2 are transferred to the other side (downstream side) of the gasification furnace 2. It has a structure in which it is extracted from the connected extraction loop seal tube 3 and introduced into the combustion furnace 5, and the horizontal moving speed of the fluid medium in the surface layer of the fluidized bed 1 is faster than the bottom part. Since the raw material has a specific gravity smaller than that of a fluid medium such as silica sand and is easy to ride the fluid medium flow in the surface layer of the fluidized bed 1, the residence time of the material in the gasification furnace 2 is shortened and the gasification reaction is performed. There was a possibility that time could not be secured and gasification performance would be degraded.

前記ガス化炉２内部での原料の滞留時間を長くして、該原料のガス化反応時間を確保するためには、ガス化炉２の一側から他側に向かう方向の長さを長くする必要があるが、該ガス化炉２の長さを長くすると、製作費や改修費が嵩むと共に、設置スペースも広くする必要があり、好ましくなかった。   In order to increase the residence time of the raw material in the gasification furnace 2 and secure the gasification reaction time of the raw material, the length in the direction from one side of the gasification furnace 2 to the other side is increased. Although it is necessary, if the length of the gasification furnace 2 is increased, the production cost and the repair cost increase, and the installation space needs to be widened.

一方、特許文献１に開示されたものは、ガス化炉の一側と他側との間に、鉛直な仕切板を所要の間隔で多数配置してガス化炉内部の一側から他側に向け上下で曲折したジグザグ状の湾曲流路を形成することにより、ガス化性能の低下を回避しようとするものであるが、高温となるガス化炉内部に多数の仕切板を配設することは現実問題として非常に難しく、改善の余地が残されていた。   On the other hand, what is disclosed in Patent Document 1 is that a large number of vertical partition plates are arranged at a required interval between one side and the other side of the gasification furnace, from one side inside the gasification furnace to the other side. It is intended to avoid a decrease in gasification performance by forming a zigzag curved flow path that is bent upward and downward, but arranging a large number of partition plates inside the gasification furnace that becomes high temperature It was very difficult as a real problem, leaving room for improvement.

本発明は、斯かる実情に鑑み、ガス化炉を一方向へ長大化することなく、且つ必要最小限の仕切板を配設するだけで、ガス化炉内部での原料の滞留時間を長くしてガス化反応時間を確保することができ、ガス化性能向上を図り得る循環流動層式ガス化装置を提供しようとするものである。   In view of such circumstances, the present invention extends the residence time of the raw material inside the gasification furnace without increasing the length of the gasification furnace in one direction and only providing the minimum necessary partition plates. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a circulating fluidized bed type gasifier capable of securing a gasification reaction time and improving gasification performance.

本発明は、ガス化炉流動用ガスにより流動媒体の流動層を形成して投入される原料のガス化を行いガス化ガスと可燃性固形分とを生成するガス化炉と、該ガス化炉で生成された可燃性固形分が流動媒体と共に導入され且つ燃焼炉流動用ガスにより流動層を形成して前記可燃性固形分の燃焼を行う燃焼炉と、該燃焼炉の燃焼排ガスから流動媒体を分離し該分離した流動媒体を前記ガス化炉に戻す媒体分離装置とを備えた循環流動層式ガス化装置において、
前記ガス化炉の一側に接続され且つ前記原料をガス化炉に投入する原料投入管と、
前記ガス化炉の一側に接続され且つ前記媒体分離装置で分離された流動媒体をガス化炉に戻す媒体流下管と、
前記ガス化炉の他側に接続され且つ前記ガス化炉内部の流動媒体及び可燃性固形分を抜き出して前記燃焼炉へ導入する抜出ループシール管と、
前記ガス化炉内底部に設置され且つガス化炉流動用ガスをガス化炉内部へ吹き込んで流動層を形成する散気板と、
上端が流動層上面より高く位置し且つ下端と前記散気板との間に出口側連通路を有するようガス化炉内部における他側に配設されて出口空間を画成する出口側仕切板と、
該出口側仕切板の反出口空間側近傍で生じる流動媒体の下降流をガス化炉流動用ガスを噴射することにより抑制するよう前記出口側仕切板に配設される噴射ノズルと
を備えたことを特徴とする循環流動層式ガス化装置にかかるものである。 The present invention relates to a gasification furnace that forms a fluidized bed of a fluidized medium with a gasification fluidizing gas and gasifies a raw material to be input to generate a gasification gas and a combustible solid, and the gasification furnace A combustion furnace in which the combustible solid content generated in step 1 is introduced together with a fluidized medium and a fluidized bed is formed by a combustion furnace fluidizing gas to burn the combustible solid content, and the fluidized medium is removed from the combustion exhaust gas of the combustion furnace. In a circulating fluidized bed type gasifier comprising a medium separator for separating and returning the separated fluidized medium to the gasification furnace,
A raw material input pipe connected to one side of the gasification furnace and charging the raw material into the gasification furnace;
A medium flow pipe connected to one side of the gasifier and returning the fluidized medium separated by the medium separator to the gasifier;
An extraction loop seal pipe connected to the other side of the gasification furnace and extracting the fluid medium and combustible solid content inside the gasification furnace and introducing it into the combustion furnace;
A diffuser plate installed at the bottom of the gasifier and blowing a gas for gasifier flow into the gasifier to form a fluidized bed;
An outlet-side partition plate that is disposed on the other side in the gasification furnace so as to have an outlet-side communication path between the lower end and the diffuser plate, the upper end being positioned higher than the upper surface of the fluidized bed; ,
An injection nozzle disposed on the outlet side partition plate so as to suppress the downward flow of the fluid medium generated in the vicinity of the outlet side partition plate on the side opposite to the outlet space by injecting gas for gasifier flow. The present invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed gasifier.

上記手段によれば、以下のような作用が得られる。   According to the above means, the following operation can be obtained.

前述の如き循環流動層式ガス化装置では、流動層の表層での流動媒体の水平方向移動速度が底部より速くなっており、石炭等の原料は珪砂等の流動媒体より比重が小さく、前記流動層の表層での流動媒体の流れに乗りやすくなっているが、前記原料は、出口側仕切板に沿って流下し、該出口側仕切板下端と散気板との間の出口側連通路から出口空間を経て、抜出ループシール管へ排出される形となることから、前記ガス化炉の他側の上部から原料が短時間で出て行ってしまうことがなくなり、ガス化炉内部での原料の滞留時間が長くなり、該原料のガス化反応時間を確保することが可能となり、ガス化炉の一側から他側に向かう方向の長さを長くしなくて済み、これにより、製作費や改修費が抑えられると共に、設置スペースも広くする必要がなくなる。   In the circulating fluidized bed gasifier as described above, the horizontal moving speed of the fluidized medium in the surface layer of the fluidized bed is faster than the bottom, and the raw material such as coal has a lower specific gravity than the fluidized medium such as silica sand, It is easy to ride the flow of the fluid medium on the surface layer of the layer, but the raw material flows down along the outlet side partition plate, and from the outlet side communication path between the lower end of the outlet side partition plate and the diffuser plate. Through the outlet space, it will be discharged into the extraction loop seal tube, so that the raw material will not go out from the upper part of the other side of the gasification furnace in a short time, and inside the gasification furnace The residence time of the raw material becomes longer, it becomes possible to secure the gasification reaction time of the raw material, and it is not necessary to increase the length in the direction from one side of the gasification furnace to the other side. And renovation costs are reduced, and the installation space needs to be widened No.

ここで、仮に、前記出口側仕切板を単に設けただけでは、該出口側仕切板に沿って流下する原料を含む流動媒体の下降速度が速くなってしまうが、前記出口側仕切板には噴射ノズルを配設してあるため、該噴射ノズルから噴射されるガス化炉流動用ガスにより出口側仕切板の反出口空間側近傍で生じる流動媒体の下降流が抑制され、ガス化炉内部での原料の滞留時間を更に延長させる上で有効になると共に、前記噴射ノズルから噴射されるガス化炉流動用ガスにより原料のガス化が更に促進される形となる。   Here, if the outlet side partition plate is simply provided, the descending speed of the fluid medium containing the raw material flowing down along the outlet side partition plate is increased. Since the nozzle is provided, the downflow of the fluid medium generated in the vicinity of the counter-outlet space side of the outlet side partition plate is suppressed by the gasification furnace flow gas injected from the injection nozzle, and the gas inside the gasifier This is effective in further extending the residence time of the raw material, and the gasification of the raw material is further promoted by the gasification furnace flow gas injected from the injection nozzle.

前記循環流動層式ガス化装置においては、前記ガス化炉内部における一側に、上端が流動層上面より高く位置し且つ下端と前記散気板との間に入口側連通路を有する入口側仕切板を配設して入口空間を画成し、該入口空間上部に、前記原料投入管からの原料と前記媒体流下管からの流動媒体とを投入するよう構成することができ、このようにすると、前記原料投入管からの原料と前記媒体流下管からの流動媒体とが、入口側仕切板によって画成された入口空間に投入され、ガス化炉の底部における入口側連通路を通過する形となるため、前記原料投入管からの原料が流動層の表層での流動媒体の流れに直接乗ってしまうことを避ける上でより有効となる。   In the circulating fluidized bed type gasifier, an inlet side partition having an upper end positioned higher than the upper surface of the fluidized bed and having an inlet side communication path between the lower end and the diffuser plate on one side in the gasification furnace. An inlet space is defined by disposing a plate, and the upper portion of the inlet space can be configured to input the raw material from the raw material input pipe and the flowing medium from the medium flow down pipe. The raw material from the raw material input pipe and the fluid medium from the medium flow down pipe are input into the inlet space defined by the inlet side partition plate and pass through the inlet side communication passage at the bottom of the gasification furnace, Therefore, it is more effective in avoiding that the raw material from the raw material input pipe directly rides the flow of the fluid medium on the surface layer of the fluidized bed.

本発明の循環流動層式ガス化装置によれば、ガス化炉を一方向へ長大化することなく、且つ必要最小限の仕切板を配設するだけで、ガス化炉内部での原料の滞留時間を長くしてガス化反応時間を確保することができ、ガス化性能向上を図り得るという優れた効果を奏し得る。   According to the circulating fluidized bed type gasifier of the present invention, the raw material stays in the gasifier without extending the gasifier in one direction and only by arranging the minimum necessary partition plates. The gasification reaction time can be ensured by lengthening the time, and an excellent effect of improving the gasification performance can be achieved.

本発明の実施例を示す全体概要構成図である。1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 従来の循環流動層式ガス化装置の一例を示す全体概要構成図である。It is a whole schematic block diagram which shows an example of the conventional circulating fluidized-bed type gasifier.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面を参照して説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は本発明の実施例であって、図中、図２と同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わしており、基本的な構成は図２に示す従来のものと同様であるが、本実施例の特徴とするところは、図１に示す如く、ガス化炉２内部における他側に、上端が流動層１上面より高く位置し且つ下端と前記散気板１１との間に出口側連通路１４を有する出口側仕切板１５を配設して出口空間１６を画成し、前記出口側仕切板１５に、該出口側仕切板１５の反出口空間１６側近傍で生じる流動媒体の下降流をガス化炉流動用ガスを噴射することにより抑制する噴射ノズル１７を配設した点にある。   FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 denote the same components, and the basic configuration is the same as the conventional one shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment is characterized in that, on the other side in the gasification furnace 2, the upper end is positioned higher than the upper surface of the fluidized bed 1 and the outlet is disposed between the lower end and the diffuser plate 11. An outlet side partition plate 15 having a side communication passage 14 is provided to define an outlet space 16, and the outlet medium partition plate 15 has a fluid medium generated in the vicinity of the outlet side partition plate 15 in the vicinity of the side opposite to the outlet space 16. An injection nozzle 17 is provided to suppress the downward flow by injecting gas for flowing the gasifier.

本実施例の場合、前記ガス化炉２内部における一側に、上端が流動層１上面より高く位置し且つ下端と前記散気板１１との間に入口側連通路１８を有する入口側仕切板１９を配設して入口空間２０を画成し、該入口空間２０上部に、原料投入管９からの原料と媒体流下管７からの流動媒体とを投入するよう構成してある。   In the case of the present embodiment, an inlet-side partition plate having an upper end positioned higher than the upper surface of the fluidized bed 1 and having an inlet-side communication path 18 between the lower end and the diffuser plate 11 on one side in the gasification furnace 2. 19 is provided to define an inlet space 20, and a raw material from the raw material input pipe 9 and a fluid medium from the medium flow down pipe 7 are input to the upper portion of the inlet space 20.

尚、前記出口側仕切板１５は、鉛直方向へ延びる出口側仕切板本体１５ａと、該出口側仕切板本体１５ａの流動層１上面より高く位置する上端からガス化炉２の他側壁面へ延びるシール部１５ｂとからなる耐火材によって形成し、前記出口側仕切板本体１５ａ及びシール部１５ｂの内部には、ガス化剤を兼ねる水蒸気等のガス化炉流動用ガスの流路を形成して前記噴射ノズル１７へガス化炉流動用ガスを供給可能としてある。但し、前記ガス化炉２と燃焼炉５との間は抜出ループシール管３によって接続してあるため、前記出口側仕切板１５におけるシール部１５ｂは必ずしも設ける必要はなく、前記出口側仕切板本体１５ａのみとして、該出口側仕切板本体１５ａへ直接ガス化炉流動用ガスを導入するようにしても良いことは言うまでもない。   In addition, the said exit side partition plate 15 is extended to the other side wall surface of the gasifier 2 from the exit side partition plate main body 15a extended in a perpendicular direction, and the upper end located higher than the fluidized-bed 1 upper surface of this exit side partition plate main body 15a. It is formed of a refractory material composed of a seal portion 15b, and inside the outlet side partition plate body 15a and the seal portion 15b, a flow path for gasification furnace flow gas such as water vapor also serving as a gasifying agent is formed. The gasification furnace flow gas can be supplied to the injection nozzle 17. However, since the gasification furnace 2 and the combustion furnace 5 are connected by the extraction loop seal pipe 3, the seal part 15b in the outlet side partition plate 15 is not necessarily provided, and the outlet side partition plate is not necessarily provided. It goes without saying that only the main body 15a may introduce the gasification furnace flowing gas directly into the outlet side partition plate main body 15a.

次に、上記実施例の作用を説明する。   Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

前述の如き循環流動層式ガス化装置では、流動層１の表層での流動媒体の水平方向移動速度が底部より速くなっており、石炭等の原料は珪砂等の流動媒体より比重が小さく、前記流動層１の表層での流動媒体の流れに乗りやすくなっているが、前記原料は、出口側仕切板１５に沿って流下し、該出口側仕切板１５下端と散気板１１との間の出口側連通路１４から出口空間１６を経て、抜出ループシール管３へ排出される形となることから、前記ガス化炉２の他側の上部から原料が短時間で出て行ってしまうことがなくなり、ガス化炉２内部での原料の滞留時間が長くなり、該原料のガス化反応時間を確保することが可能となり、ガス化炉２の一側から他側に向かう方向の長さを長くしなくて済み、これにより、製作費や改修費が抑えられると共に、設置スペースも広くする必要がなくなる。   In the circulating fluidized bed type gasifier as described above, the horizontal moving speed of the fluid medium in the surface layer of the fluidized bed 1 is faster than the bottom, and the raw material such as coal has a specific gravity smaller than the fluid medium such as silica sand, Although it is easy to ride the flow of the fluid medium on the surface layer of the fluidized bed 1, the raw material flows down along the outlet side partition plate 15, and between the lower end of the outlet side partition plate 15 and the diffuser plate 11. Since the outlet side communication passage 14 passes through the outlet space 16 and is discharged to the extraction loop seal pipe 3, the raw material comes out from the upper part on the other side of the gasification furnace 2 in a short time. And the residence time of the raw material in the gasification furnace 2 becomes longer, it becomes possible to secure the gasification reaction time of the raw material, and the length in the direction from one side of the gasification furnace 2 to the other side is reduced. It does n’t have to be long, which can reduce production and refurbishment costs In, it is no longer necessary to wider installation space.

ここで、仮に、前記出口側仕切板１５を単に設けただけでは、該出口側仕切板１５に沿って流下する原料を含む流動媒体の下降速度が速くなってしまうが、前記出口側仕切板１５には噴射ノズル１７を配設してあるため、該噴射ノズル１７から噴射されるガス化炉流動用ガスにより出口側仕切板１５の反出口空間１６側近傍で生じる流動媒体の下降流が抑制され、ガス化炉２内部での原料の滞留時間を更に延長させる上で有効になると共に、前記噴射ノズル１７から噴射されるガス化炉流動用ガスにより原料のガス化が更に促進される形となる。   Here, if the outlet side partition plate 15 is simply provided, the descending speed of the fluid medium containing the raw material flowing down along the outlet side partition plate 15 is increased. Is provided with an injection nozzle 17, and the downward flow of the fluid medium generated in the vicinity of the outlet side partition plate 15 on the side opposite to the outlet space 16 is suppressed by the gasification furnace flow gas injected from the injection nozzle 17. This is effective in further extending the residence time of the raw material in the gasification furnace 2 and further promotes the gasification of the raw material by the gasification furnace flow gas injected from the injection nozzle 17. .

しかも、本実施例においては、前記ガス化炉２内部における一側に、上端が流動層１上面より高く位置し且つ下端と前記散気板１１との間に入口側連通路１８を有する入口側仕切板１９を配設して入口空間２０を画成し、該入口空間２０上部に、前記原料投入管９からの原料と前記媒体流下管７からの流動媒体とを投入するよう構成してあるため、前記原料投入管９からの原料と前記媒体流下管７からの流動媒体とが、入口側仕切板１９によって画成された入口空間２０に投入され、ガス化炉２の底部における入口側連通路１８を通過する形となるため、前記原料投入管９からの原料が流動層１の表層での流動媒体の流れに直接乗ってしまうことを避ける上でより有効となる。   Moreover, in the present embodiment, on the one side in the gasification furnace 2, the upper end is positioned higher than the upper surface of the fluidized bed 1 and the inlet side communication path 18 is provided between the lower end and the diffuser plate 11. A partition plate 19 is disposed to define an inlet space 20, and a raw material from the raw material input pipe 9 and a fluid medium from the medium flow-down pipe 7 are input to the upper portion of the inlet space 20. Therefore, the raw material from the raw material input pipe 9 and the flowing medium from the medium flow down pipe 7 are input into the inlet space 20 defined by the inlet side partition plate 19, and the inlet side communication at the bottom of the gasification furnace 2 is performed. Since it passes through the passage 18, it is more effective in avoiding that the raw material from the raw material input pipe 9 directly rides the flow of the fluid medium in the surface layer of the fluidized bed 1.

こうして、ガス化炉２を一方向へ長大化することなく、且つ必要最小限の仕切板を配設するだけで、ガス化炉２内部での原料の滞留時間を長くしてガス化反応時間を確保することができ、ガス化性能向上を図り得る。   In this way, the gasification reaction time can be increased by extending the residence time of the raw material in the gasification furnace 2 without increasing the length of the gasification furnace 2 in one direction and by providing the minimum necessary partition plates. It can be ensured and gasification performance can be improved.

尚、本発明の循環流動層式ガス化装置は、上述の実施例にのみ限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。   The circulating fluidized-bed gasifier of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

１ 流動層
２ ガス化炉
３ 抜出ループシール管
４ 流動層
５ 燃焼炉
７ 媒体流下管
８ 媒体分離装置
９ 原料投入管
１４ 出口側連通路
１５ 出口側仕切板
１６ 出口空間
１７ 噴射ノズル
１８ 入口側連通路
１９ 入口側仕切板
２０ 入口空間 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluidized bed 2 Gasification furnace 3 Extraction loop seal pipe 4 Fluidized bed 5 Combustion furnace 7 Medium flow-down pipe 8 Medium separator 9 Raw material input pipe 14 Outlet side communication path 15 Outlet side partition plate 16 Outlet space 17 Injection nozzle 18 Inlet side Communication passage 19 Entrance side partition plate 20 Entrance space

Claims (2)

ガス化炉流動用ガスにより流動媒体の流動層を形成して投入される原料のガス化を行いガス化ガスと可燃性固形分とを生成するガス化炉と、該ガス化炉で生成された可燃性固形分が流動媒体と共に導入され且つ燃焼炉流動用ガスにより流動層を形成して前記可燃性固形分の燃焼を行う燃焼炉と、該燃焼炉の燃焼排ガスから流動媒体を分離し該分離した流動媒体を前記ガス化炉に戻す媒体分離装置とを備えた循環流動層式ガス化装置において、
前記ガス化炉の一側に接続され且つ前記原料をガス化炉に投入する原料投入管と、
前記ガス化炉の一側に接続され且つ前記媒体分離装置で分離された流動媒体をガス化炉に戻す媒体流下管と、
前記ガス化炉の他側に接続され且つ前記ガス化炉内部の流動媒体及び可燃性固形分を抜き出して前記燃焼炉へ導入する抜出ループシール管と、
前記ガス化炉内底部に設置され且つガス化炉流動用ガスをガス化炉内部へ吹き込んで流動層を形成する散気板と、
上端が流動層上面より高く位置し且つ下端と前記散気板との間に出口側連通路を有するようガス化炉内部における他側に配設されて出口空間を画成する出口側仕切板と、
該出口側仕切板の反出口空間側近傍で生じる流動媒体の下降流をガス化炉流動用ガスを噴射することにより抑制するよう前記出口側仕切板に配設される噴射ノズルと
を備えたことを特徴とする循環流動層式ガス化装置。 A gasification furnace that generates a gasification gas and a combustible solid by gasifying a raw material to be input by forming a fluidized bed of a fluidized medium with a gasification furnace flowing gas, and generated in the gasification furnace A combustion furnace in which combustible solids are introduced together with a fluidized medium and a fluidized bed is formed by a combustion furnace fluidizing gas to burn the combustible solids; and the fluidized medium is separated from the combustion exhaust gas of the combustion furnace and separated In a circulating fluidized bed type gasifier comprising a medium separator for returning the fluidized medium to the gasification furnace,
A raw material input pipe connected to one side of the gasification furnace and charging the raw material into the gasification furnace;
A medium flow pipe connected to one side of the gasifier and returning the fluidized medium separated by the medium separator to the gasifier;
An extraction loop seal pipe connected to the other side of the gasification furnace and extracting the fluid medium and combustible solid content inside the gasification furnace and introducing it into the combustion furnace;
A diffuser plate installed at the bottom of the gasifier and blowing a gas for gasifier flow into the gasifier to form a fluidized bed;
An outlet-side partition plate that is disposed on the other side in the gasification furnace so as to have an outlet-side communication path between the lower end and the diffuser plate, the upper end being positioned higher than the upper surface of the fluidized bed; ,
An injection nozzle disposed on the outlet side partition plate so as to suppress the downward flow of the fluid medium generated in the vicinity of the outlet side partition plate on the side opposite to the outlet space by injecting gas for gasifier flow. Circulating fluidized bed type gasifier. 前記ガス化炉内部における一側に、上端が流動層上面より高く位置し且つ下端と前記散気板との間に入口側連通路を有する入口側仕切板を配設して入口空間を画成し、該入口空間上部に、前記原料投入管からの原料と前記媒体流下管からの流動媒体とを投入するよう構成した請求項１記載の循環流動層式ガス化装置。   An inlet side partition plate having an upper end located higher than the upper surface of the fluidized bed and having an inlet side communication path between the lower end and the diffuser plate is disposed on one side in the gasification furnace to define an inlet space. The circulating fluidized bed type gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the raw material from the raw material input pipe and the fluid medium from the medium flow down pipe are supplied to the upper portion of the inlet space.
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