JP5499959B2 - Thrust needle bearing race manufacturing method and thrust needle bearing - Google Patents

Thrust needle bearing race manufacturing method and thrust needle bearing Download PDF

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JP5499959B2
JP5499959B2 JP2010153191A JP2010153191A JP5499959B2 JP 5499959 B2 JP5499959 B2 JP 5499959B2 JP 2010153191 A JP2010153191 A JP 2010153191A JP 2010153191 A JP2010153191 A JP 2010153191A JP 5499959 B2 JP5499959 B2 JP 5499959B2
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race
thrust needle
needle bearing
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hardness
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聡史 増田
浩道 武村
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NSK Ltd
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この発明は、自動車用変速機(手動変速機及び自動変速機を含む)、カークーラの如き各種冷凍機用のコンプレッサ等、各種回転機械装置の回転支持部に組み込んで、当該回転支持部に加わるスラスト荷重を支承するスラストニードル軸受を構成するレースの製造方法の改良に関する。具体的には、厚さ寸法が小さい(例えば0.2〜0.4mm程度)鉄系合金板を曲げ成形する事によっても、十分な実用性を確保できる形状精度を有するレースを得られる製造方法を実現する事を目的としている。   The present invention relates to a thrust which is incorporated into a rotation support part of various rotary machine devices such as a transmission for an automobile (including a manual transmission and an automatic transmission), a compressor for various refrigerators such as a car cooler, and is applied to the rotation support part. The present invention relates to an improvement in a manufacturing method of a race constituting a thrust needle bearing for supporting a load. Specifically, a manufacturing method capable of obtaining a race having shape accuracy capable of ensuring sufficient practicality even by bending an iron-based alloy plate having a small thickness dimension (for example, about 0.2 to 0.4 mm). The purpose is to realize.

自動車用変速機や冷凍機用コンプレッサ等の、スラスト荷重を受けつつ回転する、回転軸等の回転部材を有する、各種回転機械装置の回転支持部分には、スラストニードル軸受を装着して、この回転部材に加わるスラスト荷重を支承している。この様なスラストニードル軸受として従来から、例えば特許文献1、2に記載されたものが知られている。このうちの特許文献2に記載されたスラストニードル軸受の構造、及び、このスラストニードル軸受に組み込まれるレースの形状に就いて、図4〜6により説明する。   Thrust needle bearings are mounted on the rotation support parts of various rotating machinery devices that have rotating members such as rotating shafts that rotate while receiving thrust loads, such as automotive transmissions and refrigerator compressors. The thrust load applied to the member is supported. Conventionally, for example, those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known as such thrust needle bearings. Of these, the structure of the thrust needle bearing described in Patent Document 2 and the shape of the race incorporated in the thrust needle bearing will be described with reference to FIGS.

スラストニードル軸受1は、放射方向に配列された複数のニードル2、2と、全体を円輪状に造られてこれら各ニードル2、2を転動自在に保持する保持器3と、これら各ニードル2、2を、この保持器3の軸方向に関して両側から挟持する1対のレース4a、4bとから成る。これら両レース4a、4bはそれぞれ、高炭素鋼、浸炭鋼、高炭素クロム軸受鋼、クロムモリブデン鋼等の、十分な硬度を有する鉄系の硬質金属板にプレスによる打ち抜き加工及び曲げ成形を施す事により、全体を円輪状に造られている。このうち、通常外輪と呼ばれる一方(図4の下方)のレース4aは、円輪状のレース部5aと、このレース部5aの外周縁に全周に亙って形成された円筒状のフランジ部6aとから成る。一方、通常内輪と呼ばれる、他方(図4の上方)のレース4bは、円輪状のレース部5bと、このレース部5bの内周縁に全周に亙って形成されたフランジ部6bとから成る。   The thrust needle bearing 1 includes a plurality of needles 2 and 2 arranged in a radial direction, a cage 3 that is formed in an annular shape and holds the needles 2 and 2 in a freely rolling manner, and the needles 2. 2 is composed of a pair of races 4a and 4b that are clamped from both sides in the axial direction of the cage 3. Each of these races 4a and 4b is subjected to stamping and bending with a press on an iron-based hard metal plate having sufficient hardness, such as high carbon steel, carburized steel, high carbon chromium bearing steel, and chromium molybdenum steel. Therefore, the whole is made in a ring shape. Of these, one of the races 4a (downward in FIG. 4), usually called an outer ring, has an annular race part 5a and a cylindrical flange part 6a formed on the outer periphery of the race part 5a over the entire circumference. It consists of. On the other hand, the race 4b on the other side (upper side in FIG. 4), usually called an inner ring, is composed of a ring-shaped lace portion 5b and a flange portion 6b formed on the inner periphery of the lace portion 5b over the entire circumference. .

それぞれが上述の様な構成を有する、前記両レース4a、4bのフランジ部6a、6bの先端縁部に、それぞれ円周方向等間隔複数箇所ずつ(図示の例では4箇所ずつ)、ステーキング部と呼ばれる係止部7a、7bを形成している。これら各係止部7a、7bはそれぞれ、前記両フランジ部6a、6bの先端縁部を、径方向に関して前記両レース部5a、5bの側に曲げ形成する事により構成している。そして、前記各係止部7a、7bと、前記保持器3の外周縁又は内周縁とを係合させる事により、この保持器3と前記両レース4a、4bとの分離防止を図っている。   Each of the staking portions, each having a configuration as described above, at a plurality of circumferentially equidistant positions (four in the example shown in the figure) at the tip edges of the flange portions 6a and 6b of the races 4a and 4b. The latching | locking part 7a, 7b called is formed. Each of these locking portions 7a and 7b is configured by bending the leading edge portions of both flange portions 6a and 6b toward the both race portions 5a and 5b in the radial direction. The retainer 3 and the races 4a and 4b are prevented from being separated by engaging the engaging portions 7a and 7b with the outer peripheral edge or the inner peripheral edge of the retainer 3.

上述の様に構成されるスラストニードル軸受1は、例えば自動車用変速機を構成するハウジング部材等に設けた段部と、このハウジング部材の内径側に挿通された回転伝達軸の外周面に設けた、外周面に斜歯を形成した歯車等の相手部材の軸方向側面との間である、所定位置に配置する。そして、他の歯車との間の回転伝達に伴ってこの相手部材に加わるスラスト荷重を支承しつつ、この相手部材乃至は前記回転伝達軸の回転を可能にする。尚、この状態で、前記両レース4a、4bに設けたフランジ部6a、6bが、前記ハウジング部材の一部内周面若しくは前記回転伝達軸の一部外周面と嵌合する。従って、前記スラストニードル軸受1は、ラジアル方向の位置を規制された状態で、前記所定位置に設置される。   The thrust needle bearing 1 configured as described above is provided, for example, on a stepped portion provided in a housing member or the like constituting a transmission for an automobile, and on an outer peripheral surface of a rotation transmission shaft inserted into the inner diameter side of the housing member. And it arrange | positions in the predetermined position between the axial direction side surfaces of the other members, such as a gearwheel which formed the inclined tooth in the outer peripheral surface. Then, while supporting the thrust load applied to the mating member in accordance with the rotation transmission with another gear, the mating member or the rotation transmitting shaft can be rotated. In this state, the flange portions 6a and 6b provided on the races 4a and 4b are fitted with a part of the inner peripheral surface of the housing member or a part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotation transmission shaft. Therefore, the thrust needle bearing 1 is installed at the predetermined position in a state where the position in the radial direction is restricted.

ところで、近年に於ける省エネルギ化の流れにより、上述の様なスラストニードル軸受1を組み込んだ、各種回転機械装置に関しても、大幅な小型・軽量化が要求されている。例えば、上述の様な自動車用変速機に組み込むスラストニードル軸受に関しても、負荷容量を確保しつつ、軸方向寸法(厚さ)を低減する事が望まれている。自動車用変速機に組み込むスラストニードル軸受の軸方向寸法を短縮する事は、前記回転伝達軸の軸方向寸法の短縮化を可能にする。1本の回転伝達軸の周囲には複数個のスラストニードル軸受が設けられており、各スラストニードル軸受の軸方向寸法を短縮すれば、この回転伝達軸の軸方向寸法をより大きく短縮できる。そして、この回転伝達軸の曲げ剛性を確保しつつ、この回転伝達軸の外径を小さくする事が可能になる。従って、前記自動車用変速機に組み込むスラストニードル軸受の場合、僅かな軸方向寸法の短縮が、この自動車用変速機全体として、大幅な小型・軽量化に結び付く可能性がある。   By the way, with the trend of energy saving in recent years, various rotary machine devices incorporating the thrust needle bearing 1 as described above are required to be greatly reduced in size and weight. For example, it is desired to reduce the axial dimension (thickness) of the thrust needle bearing incorporated in the automobile transmission as described above while ensuring the load capacity. Reducing the axial dimension of the thrust needle bearing incorporated in the automobile transmission enables the axial dimension of the rotation transmission shaft to be shortened. A plurality of thrust needle bearings are provided around one rotation transmission shaft. If the axial dimension of each thrust needle bearing is shortened, the axial dimension of the rotation transmission shaft can be greatly shortened. And it becomes possible to make the outer diameter of this rotation transmission shaft small, ensuring the bending rigidity of this rotation transmission shaft. Therefore, in the case of a thrust needle bearing incorporated in the automobile transmission, a slight reduction in axial dimension may lead to a significant reduction in size and weight of the entire automobile transmission.

自動車用変速機に組み込んだスラストニードル軸受の軸方向寸法の短縮を図る為には、前述の図4に記載した構造から、前記両レース4a、4bを省略する事が考えられる。即ち、前記ハウジング部材等に設けた段部の軸方向側面と前記歯車等の相手部材の軸方向側面とのうちの一方又は両方の側面をスラスト軌道面とすれば、前記両レース4a、4bのうちの一方又は両方を省略して、その分、スラストニードル軸受の軸方向寸法の短縮を図れる。但し、この様な手法では、ハウジング部材や歯車等の、比較的嵩張る部材の軸方向側面を、高硬度、且つ、高精度に仕上げなければならず加工コストが嵩む原因となる。特に、歯車に比べても更に嵩張る、ハウジング部材等の大型の部材の一部に、必要な硬度、平面精度、表面粗さ(平滑さ)を有するスラスト軌道面を形成する事は、加工コストを上昇させる程度が著しい。 In order to shorten the axial dimension of the thrust needle bearing incorporated in the automobile transmission, it is conceivable to omit both the races 4a and 4b from the structure shown in FIG. That is, if one or both of the side surfaces in the axial direction of the step portion provided on the housing member and the like and the side surface in the axial direction of the mating member such as the gear is a thrust track surface, the races 4a and 4b One or both of them can be omitted, and the axial dimension of the thrust needle bearing can be shortened accordingly. However, in such an approach, the housing member and the gears or the like, the axial side of the relatively bulky member, high hardness, and must finish with high precision, cause the increase machining costs. In particular, forming a thrust raceway surface having the required hardness, planar accuracy, and surface roughness (smoothness) on a part of a large-sized member such as a housing member that is more bulky than a gear can reduce the processing cost. The degree of increase is remarkable.

これに対して、前記図4に示した様な、レース4a、4bを有するスラストニードル軸受1で、これら両レース4a、4bの厚さ寸法を小さくできれば、コスト上昇を抑えつつ、このスラストニードル軸受1の軸方向寸法を短縮して、上述の様な、自動車用変速機全体として、大幅な小型・軽量化を可能にできる。例えば、両レース4a、4bの厚さ寸法を0.2〜0.4mm程度(例えば0.25mm)にまで小さく抑え、前記各ニードル2、2の直径を1.0mmとすれば、自動車用変速機用として必要な負荷容量を確保しつつ、前記軸方向寸法を1.5mmまで小さくできて、前記大幅な小型・軽量化に寄与できる。   On the other hand, if the thickness of both the races 4a and 4b can be reduced in the thrust needle bearing 1 having the races 4a and 4b as shown in FIG. 4, the thrust needle bearing can be suppressed while suppressing an increase in cost. By reducing the axial dimension of 1, it is possible to greatly reduce the size and weight of the automobile transmission as described above. For example, if the thickness dimension of both races 4a and 4b is suppressed to about 0.2 to 0.4 mm (for example, 0.25 mm) and the diameter of each of the needles 2 and 2 is 1.0 mm, the speed change for automobiles The axial dimension can be reduced to 1.5 mm while ensuring the necessary load capacity for the machine, contributing to the significant reduction in size and weight.

但し、従来から知られている製造方法では、前記両レース4a、4bの厚さ寸法を0.2〜0.4mm程度にまで小さくし、しかも、前記レース部5a、5bや前記フランジ部6a、6b、更には前記各係止部7a、7bの形状精度を確保する事が難しいだけでなく、亀裂等の損傷を発生し易い。この理由を説明する前に、先ず、従来から知られている製造方法に就いて、図7により説明する。尚、この図7には、前述の図5に示した、外周縁側にフランジ部6aを設けた、所謂外輪と呼ばれるレース4aの製造方法を示している。前述の図6に示した、内周縁側にフランジ部6bを設けた、所謂内輪と呼ばれるレース4bの製造方法に就いても、折り曲げ位置や折り曲げ方向が異なる以外、基本的には同様である。   However, in a conventionally known manufacturing method, the thickness of both the races 4a and 4b is reduced to about 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and the race portions 5a and 5b and the flange portion 6a, Further, it is difficult not only to ensure the shape accuracy of the locking portions 7a and 7b, but also to easily cause damage such as cracks. Before explaining the reason, first, a conventionally known manufacturing method will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 shows a manufacturing method of the race 4a called an outer ring, in which the flange portion 6a is provided on the outer peripheral edge side shown in FIG. The manufacturing method of the race 4b called a so-called inner ring in which the flange portion 6b is provided on the inner peripheral edge side shown in FIG. 6 is basically the same except that the bending position and the bending direction are different.

従来方法では、先ず、図7の(A)に示す様な板状素材8に、プレスによる打ち抜き加工を施して、図7の(B)に示す様な、円輪状の第一中間素材9とする。尚、前記板状素材8として、SPCC・SPCE材の如き冷間圧延鋼板、S**C材の如き機械構造用炭素鋼の板材、SCM材の如きクロムモリブデン鋼の板材等の、硬度がHv200以下(但し、Hv100以上)で、焼き入れ可能な鉄系合金を使用する。又、実際の場合には、前記板状素材8は、アンコイラから引き出した長尺なものであり、前記第一中間素材9は、この長尺な板状素材8を千鳥配置状に板取りして、スクラップを少なく抑える。この第一中間素材9には、プレスによる曲げ加工を施して、図7の(C)に示す様な第二中間素材10とする。この第二中間素材10は、円輪状のレース部5aと、このレース部5aの外周縁から軸方向に折れ曲がった、円筒状のフランジ部6aとが設けられている。前記第二中間素材10には、更にプレスによる曲げ加工を施して、前記フランジ部6aの先端縁の複数個所に係止部7a、7aを形成し、図7の(D)に示した第三中間素材11とする。従来方法の場合には、前記板状素材8からこの第三中間素材11を得るまでの過程で、特に熱処理を行わない。従って、この第三中間素材11の硬度は、一部が加工硬化により硬くなってはいるが、基本的にはHv200以下のままである。そこで、前記第三中間素材11に、焼き入れ、窒化、浸炭窒化等の、硬度を高くする為に必要な熱処理を施して、硬度をHv600〜800にまで高くし、図7の(E)に示したレース4aとして完成する。   In the conventional method, first, a plate-like material 8 as shown in FIG. 7A is punched by a press, and an annular first intermediate material 9 as shown in FIG. To do. The plate-like material 8 has a hardness of Hv200, such as a cold rolled steel plate such as SPCC / SPCE material, a carbon steel plate material for mechanical structures such as S ** C material, and a chromium molybdenum steel plate material such as SCM material. In the following (however, Hv100 or more), a hardenable iron-based alloy is used. In an actual case, the plate-like material 8 is a long one drawn from an uncoiler, and the first intermediate material 9 is a plate-like arrangement of the long plate-like material 8. Reduce scrap. The first intermediate material 9 is bent by a press to form a second intermediate material 10 as shown in FIG. The second intermediate material 10 is provided with an annular lace portion 5a and a cylindrical flange portion 6a bent in the axial direction from the outer peripheral edge of the lace portion 5a. The second intermediate material 10 is further bent by a press to form locking portions 7a and 7a at a plurality of locations on the front end edge of the flange portion 6a. The third intermediate material 10 shown in FIG. The intermediate material 11 is used. In the case of the conventional method, no particular heat treatment is performed in the process until the third intermediate material 11 is obtained from the plate material 8. Therefore, although the hardness of the third intermediate material 11 is partially hardened by work hardening, it basically remains below Hv200. Therefore, the third intermediate material 11 is subjected to heat treatment necessary to increase the hardness, such as quenching, nitriding, carbonitriding, etc., and the hardness is increased to Hv 600 to 800, and FIG. The race 4a is completed as shown.

上述の様な従来の製造方法によれば、前記板状素材8として或る程度大きな厚さ寸法(例えば0.5〜1.0mm程度)を有するものを使用すれば、前記レース部5a、5bや前記フランジ部6a、6b、更には前記各係止部7a、7bの形状精度を確保し易く、亀裂等の損傷の発生も抑えられる。但し、前述した様に、厚さ寸法が0.2〜0.4mm程度のレース4a、4bを得るべく、前記板状素材8の厚さ寸法をこれに合わせて小さくすると、前記従来の製造方法では、必要な性能を有するレース4a、4bを得る事が難しくなる。この理由は、図7の(B)→(C)→(D)に示した、第一中間素材9を、第二中間素材10を経て、第三中間素材11に曲げ加工する過程で、この第三中間素材11の内部に生じた残留応力に基づき、図7の(D)→(E)に示した熱処理時に、前記フランジ部6a、6bが歪み易い為である。即ち、この熱処理に伴ってこのフランジ部6a、6bの形状が、真円ではなく、楕円形や、円周方向に関してうねった形状になり易い。   According to the conventional manufacturing method as described above, if a plate material 8 having a certain size (for example, about 0.5 to 1.0 mm) is used, the race portions 5a and 5b are used. In addition, the shape accuracy of the flange portions 6a and 6b and the locking portions 7a and 7b can be easily secured, and the occurrence of damage such as cracks can be suppressed. However, as described above, in order to obtain the races 4a and 4b having a thickness dimension of about 0.2 to 0.4 mm, if the thickness dimension of the plate material 8 is reduced accordingly, the conventional manufacturing method is used. Then, it becomes difficult to obtain the races 4a and 4b having the necessary performance. The reason for this is that in the process of bending the first intermediate material 9 through the second intermediate material 10 into the third intermediate material 11 shown in (B) → (C) → (D) of FIG. This is because, based on the residual stress generated in the third intermediate material 11, the flange portions 6a and 6b are likely to be distorted during the heat treatment shown in FIGS. That is, along with this heat treatment, the shape of the flange portions 6a and 6b is not a perfect circle, but tends to be an ellipse or a wavy shape in the circumferential direction.

そして、この様なフランジ部6a、6bの歪みは、レース部5a、5bの歪みにも繋がり、前記レース4a、4bに、必要な性能を発揮させる事ができなくなる。又、熱処理に伴って、前記フランジ部6a、6bとレース部5a、5bとを連続させている折り曲げ部(曲げR部)に、亀裂等の損傷を発生する可能性もある。更には、前記フランジ部6a、6bの厚さ寸法が小さい分、前記各係止部7a、7b部分に供給する金属材料の量が少なく、これら各係止部7a、7bの突出量を確保できなくなったり、これら各係止部7a、7bの形成に伴って、前記フランジ部6a、6bの歪みが著しくなる可能性がある。この結果、前記レース4a、4bと保持器3(図4参照)との係合が外れ易くなって、組立後のスラストニードル軸受1の構成各部材2、3、4a、4b(図4参照)の分離防止が不確実になり易い。   Such distortion of the flange portions 6a and 6b also leads to distortion of the race portions 5a and 5b, making it impossible for the races 4a and 4b to exhibit necessary performance. Further, along with the heat treatment, there is a possibility that damage such as a crack may occur in a bent portion (bent R portion) where the flange portions 6a and 6b and the race portions 5a and 5b are continuous. Furthermore, since the thickness of the flange portions 6a and 6b is small, the amount of the metal material supplied to each of the locking portions 7a and 7b is small, and the protruding amount of the locking portions 7a and 7b can be secured. There is a possibility that distortion of the flange portions 6a and 6b may become remarkable with the formation of the locking portions 7a and 7b. As a result, the engagement between the races 4a and 4b and the cage 3 (see FIG. 4) can be easily released, and the constituent members 2, 3, 4a and 4b of the thrust needle bearing 1 after assembly (see FIG. 4). The prevention of separation is likely to be uncertain.

勿論、レースとして単なる円輪状のもの(円筒状のフランジ部及び係止部を持たないもの)を使用すれば、前記レースの板厚を十分に小さく抑えて、ハウジング等の大型の部材の一部にスラスト軌道面を形成する事なく、スラストニードル軸受の軸方向寸法を十分に小さくできる。但し、この様な構造のスラストニードル軸受は、回転支持部に組み込む以前の状態で、構成各部材が分離し易く、自動車用変速機等の各種回転機械装置の組立作業の能率化を妨げる為、採用する事が難しい場合が多い。   Of course, if a race is a simple ring-shaped one (one that does not have a cylindrical flange portion and a locking portion), a part of a large-sized member such as a housing can be obtained by sufficiently reducing the thickness of the race. Therefore, the axial dimension of the thrust needle bearing can be made sufficiently small without forming a thrust raceway surface. However, the thrust needle bearing of such a structure is in a state before being incorporated in the rotation support portion, so that the constituent members are easily separated and hinders the efficiency of the assembly work of various rotary machine devices such as an automobile transmission. It is often difficult to adopt.

特開2000−266043号公報JP 2000-266043 A 特開2008−082435号公報JP 2008-082435 A

本発明は、上述の様な事情に鑑み、薄肉で、且つ、必要とする性能を確保でき、しかも、必要に応じて、スラストニードル軸受を構成する他の部材と非分離に組み合わせられるスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法を実現すべく発明したものである。   In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention is a thrust needle bearing that is thin and can secure required performance, and can be combined with other members constituting the thrust needle bearing in a non-separable manner as necessary. The invention was invented to realize a method for manufacturing a race.

本発明のスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法及びスラストニードル軸受のうち、請求項1に記載したスラストニードル軸受の製造方法は、鉄系合金板製で、円輪状のレース部と、このレース部の周縁部を軸方向に曲げ形成する事により造られた円筒状のフランジ部とを備えたスラストニードル軸受用レースを製造する為の方法である。   Among the thrust needle bearing race manufacturing method and thrust needle bearing according to the present invention, the thrust needle bearing manufacturing method according to claim 1 is made of an iron-based alloy plate and has an annular race portion, This is a method for manufacturing a thrust needle bearing race having a cylindrical flange portion formed by bending a peripheral edge portion in an axial direction.

この様な本発明のスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法では、先ず、板状素材を熱処理により、前記レース部に必要とされる硬さ、例えばHv600〜800若しくはそれ以上にまで硬くする。尚、前記板状素材として好ましくは、請求項6に記載した発明の様に、厚さが0.2〜0.4mmのものを使用する。
上述の様に、前記板状素材を前記レース部に必要とされる硬さにまで熱処理硬化させた後、この板状素材に打ち抜き加工を施して、円輪状の中間素材とする。
次いで、この中間素材のうち、前記レース部となるべき部分の硬度を低下させずに、少なくともこの中間素材の径方向中間部で前記レース部と前記フランジ部との折れ曲がり部となるべき部分の硬度を全周に亙って、高周波焼鈍により、例えばHv200〜400程度にまで低下させる。
次いで、前記レース部に対して前記フランジ部を曲げ形成する。
In such a method for manufacturing a thrust needle bearing race of the present invention, first, the hardness required for the race portion is hardened to , for example, Hv 600 to 800 or more by heat treatment of the plate material. The plate-like material preferably has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm as in the invention described in claim 6.
As described above, after the plate-shaped material is heat-treated and cured to a hardness required for the race portion, the plate-shaped material is punched into an annular material.
Next, in this intermediate material, without reducing the hardness of the portion to be the race portion, at least the hardness of the portion to be the bent portion of the race portion and the flange portion at the radial intermediate portion of the intermediate material Is lowered to, for example, about Hv 200 to 400 by high-frequency annealing.
Next, the flange portion is bent with respect to the race portion.

上述の様な本発明を実施する場合、例えば請求項2に記載した発明の様に、前記フランジ部の先端縁部に、この先端縁部を、径方向に関して前記レース部の側に曲げ形成する事により係止部とするスラストニードル軸受用レースを造る。この為に、前記中間素材に対し、前記折れ曲がり部となるべき部分に加えて前記係止部となるべき部分の硬度に就いても、高周波焼鈍により低下させてから、前記レース部に対して前記フランジ部を曲げ形成して第二中間素材とする。その後、このフランジ部の先端縁部を曲げ形成して前記係止部とする。
この様な請求項2に記載した発明を実施する場合に、例えば請求項3に記載した発明の様に、前記折れ曲がり部となるべき部分、及び、前記係止部となるべき部分の硬度を、局部的に低下させる。
或いは、請求項1〜3に記載した発明を実施する場合に、請求項4に記載した発明の様に、前記中間素材のうち、前記折れ曲がり部となるべき部分から外周縁に掛けての部分の硬度を、全周に亙って低下させる事もできる。
When carrying out the present invention as described above , for example, as in the invention described in claim 2, the front end edge of the flange portion is bent to the side of the race portion with respect to the radial direction. A thrust needle bearing race is formed as a locking part. For this reason, with respect to the intermediate material, the hardness of the portion to be the locking portion in addition to the portion to be the bent portion is reduced by high-frequency annealing, and then the above-mentioned to the race portion. The flange is bent to form the second intermediate material. Thereafter, the front edge portion of the flange portion is bent to form the locking portion.
When carrying out the invention described in claim 2 , for example, as in the invention described in claim 3 , the hardness of the portion that should be the bent portion and the portion that should be the locking portion, Reduce locally.
Alternatively, when the invention described in claims 1 to 3 is carried out, as in the invention described in claim 4 , the portion of the intermediate material that hangs from the portion that should be the bent portion to the outer peripheral edge. The hardness can be lowered over the entire circumference.

或いは、上述の様な本発明を実施する場合、例えば請求項5に記載した発明の様に、前記中間素材の径方向中間部で前記レース部と前記フランジ部との折れ曲がり部となるべき円環状部分のみの硬度を、局部的に低下させる。そして、この円環状部分よりも径方向内側に加えて、径方向外側に関しても、硬度を低下させない。
又、請求項7に記載したスラストニードル軸受の発明は、放射方向に配列された複数のニードルと、全体を円輪状に造られてこれら各ニードルを転動自在に保持する保持器と、円輪状のレース部及びこのレース部の周縁部を軸方向に曲げ形成する事により造られた円筒状のフランジ部を備えたレースとを備える。
特に、請求項7に記載したスラストニードル軸受に於いては、このレースが請求項1〜6のうちの何れか1項に記載された製造方法により造られたものである。
Alternatively, when carrying out the present invention as described above, for example, as in the invention described in claim 5, an annular shape that should be a bent portion between the race portion and the flange portion at a radially intermediate portion of the intermediate material. The hardness of only the part is locally reduced. Further, in addition to the inner side in the radial direction than the annular portion, the hardness is not lowered also on the outer side in the radial direction.
Further, the invention of the thrust needle bearing according to claim 7 includes a plurality of needles arranged in a radial direction, a cage that is formed in an annular shape as a whole and holds these needles in a freely rolling manner, and an annular shape. And a race provided with a cylindrical flange portion formed by bending the peripheral portion of the race portion in the axial direction.
In particular, in the thrust needle bearing described in claim 7, the race is manufactured by the manufacturing method described in any one of claims 1-6 .

上述の様に構成する本発明のスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法によれば、薄肉で、且つ、必要とする性能を確保でき、しかも、スラストニードル軸受を構成する他の部材と非分離に組み合わせられるスラストニードル軸受用レースを得られる。   According to the manufacturing method of the thrust needle bearing race of the present invention configured as described above, the required performance can be ensured with a thin wall, and combined with the other members constituting the thrust needle bearing in a non-separable manner. The thrust needle bearing race can be obtained.

本発明の製造方法の実施の形態の1例を、工程順に示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows one example of embodiment of the manufacturing method of this invention in order of a process. 本発明の製造方法の対象となるスラストニードル軸受用レースの形状の3例を、軸方向に関してレース面が設けられている側から見た状態で示す図。The figure which shows three examples of the shape of the race for thrust needle bearings made into the object of the manufacturing method of this invention in the state seen from the side in which the race surface is provided regarding the axial direction. 同じく係止部の形状の4例を示す、スラストニードル軸受用レースの部分斜視図。The fragmentary perspective view of the race for thrust needle bearings which similarly shows four examples of the shape of a locking part. 従来から知られているスラストニードル軸受の1例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows an example of the thrust needle bearing conventionally known. 同じく一方のレースを、レース面が設けられている側から見た状態で示す図(A)、及び、断面図(B)。Similarly (A) and sectional drawing (B) which show one race in the state seen from the side in which the race surface is provided. 同じく他方のレースに関する、図5と同様の図。The same figure as FIG. 5 about the other race. 従来の製造方法を、工程順に示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the conventional manufacturing method in order of a process. 本発明を適用可能なレースを備えたスラストニードル軸受の別構造の3例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows three examples of another structure of the thrust needle bearing provided with the race which can apply this invention.

本発明の実施の形態の1例に就いて、図1を参照しつつ説明する。尚、この図1には、外周縁側にフランジ部6aを設けた、所謂外輪と呼ばれるレース4aの製造方法を示しているが、所謂内輪と呼ばれるレース4b(図4、6参照)に就いても、折り曲げ位置や折り曲げ方向を変えるのみで、同様に実施できる。
先ず、図1の(A)に示す様な板状素材8aに熱処理を施す事により、レース部5aに必要とされるHv600〜800にまで硬くして、図1の(B)に示した第一中間素材12とする。尚、この第一中間素材12に関しても、特許請求の範囲に記載した板状素材に相当する。即ち、特許請求の範囲中の「板状素材」の語には、前記「板状素材8a」に加えて、「前記第一中間素材12」も含む。この板状素材8aは、SPCC・SPCE材の如き冷間圧延鋼板、S**C材の如き機械構造用炭素鋼の板材、SCM材の如きクロムモリブデン鋼の板材等の、Hv200以下(但し、Hv100以上)の硬度を有し、焼き入れ、焼き戻しが可能な鉄系合金製で、厚さが0.2〜0.4mmの鉄系合金製の薄板材を使用する。
An example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 shows a method of manufacturing a so-called outer ring race 4a in which a flange portion 6a is provided on the outer peripheral edge side. However, the so-called inner ring race 4b (see FIGS. 4 and 6) can be used. The same operation can be performed only by changing the folding position and the folding direction.
First, the plate-shaped material 8a as shown in FIG. 1A is heat-treated to harden the Hv 600 to 800 required for the race portion 5a, and the first shown in FIG. One intermediate material 12 is used. The first intermediate material 12 also corresponds to the plate-like material described in the claims. That is, the term “plate material” in the claims includes “the first intermediate material 12” in addition to the “plate material 8a”. This plate material 8a is made of cold rolled steel plate such as SPCC / SPCE material, carbon steel plate material for mechanical structure such as S ** C material, chrome molybdenum steel plate material such as SCM material, etc. A steel plate made of an iron-based alloy having a hardness of Hv100 or higher and capable of quenching and tempering and having a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm is used.

尚、前記板状素材8aとしては、アンコイラから引き出した長尺なものを使用する。前記第一中間素材12を得る為の熱処理を能率良く行う為には、連続熱処理炉で前記長尺なままの前記板状素材8aを熱処理硬化させる事が好ましい。但し、連続熱処理炉を設置する為には設備費が相当に嵩む。従って、全体としてのコスト低減を考慮して、長尺な板材をバッチ炉に収められる程度に切断してから、前記第一中間素材12を得る為の熱処理を行っても良い。但し、切断後の板材からも、次述する第二中間素材13を複数枚、できるだけスクラップを少なくして得られる様に、前記切断後の板材の形状及び大きさを規制する。   In addition, as the said plate-shaped raw material 8a, the elongate thing pulled out from the uncoiler is used. In order to efficiently perform the heat treatment for obtaining the first intermediate material 12, it is preferable to heat cure the plate-like material 8a that is long in a continuous heat treatment furnace. However, in order to install a continuous heat treatment furnace, the equipment cost is considerably increased. Therefore, in consideration of cost reduction as a whole, heat treatment for obtaining the first intermediate material 12 may be performed after cutting a long plate material to such an extent that it can be accommodated in a batch furnace. However, the shape and size of the cut plate material are regulated so that a plurality of second intermediate materials 13 described below can be obtained from the cut plate material with as little scrap as possible.

上述の様に、前記板状素材8aを前記レース部5aに必要とされる、Hv600〜800の硬さにまで熱処理硬化させて前記第一中間素材12とした後、この第一中間素材12に、プレスによる打ち抜き加工を施して、図1の(C)に示した、円輪状の第二中間素材13とする。この「第二中間素材13」が、特許請求の範囲に記載した「中間素材」に相当する。
この様に、硬さがHv600〜800で円輪状の第二中間素材13を得たならば、次いで、この第二中間素材13のうちで図1の(D)に斜格子で示した部分の硬度を、高周波焼鈍により、例えば600〜800℃程度の処理温度で局部的に、例えばHv200〜400程度にまで低下させ、第三中間素材14とする。即ち、前記第二中間素材13のうち、径方向中間部で前記レース4aとして完成した状態で、前記レース部5aとフランジ部6aとの折れ曲がり部(曲げR部)となるべき部分の硬度を全周に亙って低下させる。又、前記第二中間素材13の外周縁の円周方向等間隔複数箇所(図示の例では4箇所)位置で、前記レース4aとして完成した状態で係止部7a、7aとなるべき部分の硬度に就いても、同様の(同時に行う)高周波焼鈍により局部的に硬度を、やはりHv200〜400程度にまで低下させる。
As described above, after the plate material 8a is heat-cured to the hardness of Hv 600 to 800 required for the race portion 5a to form the first intermediate material 12, the first intermediate material 12 Then, a punching process is performed by a press to obtain an annular second intermediate material 13 shown in FIG. The “second intermediate material 13” corresponds to the “intermediate material” recited in the claims.
In this way, if the second intermediate material 13 having an annular shape with a hardness of Hv 600 to 800 is obtained, the portion of the second intermediate material 13 indicated by the diagonal lattice in FIG. The hardness is locally reduced to, for example, about Hv 200 to 400, for example, at a processing temperature of about 600 to 800 ° C. by high-frequency annealing to obtain the third intermediate material 14. That is, in the second intermediate material 13, the hardness of the portion to be a bent portion (bent R portion) between the race portion 5 a and the flange portion 6 a in a state where the race 4 a is completed at the radial intermediate portion is set to be all. Decrease over the lap. Further, the hardness of the portions to be the locking portions 7a and 7a in the state of being completed as the race 4a at a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly spaced positions (four locations in the illustrated example) on the outer peripheral edge of the second intermediate material 13. In this case, the hardness is locally reduced to about Hv 200 to 400 by the same (simultaneous) high-frequency annealing.

上述の様な、部分的に硬度を低下させた、円輪状の第三中間素材14を得た後、図1の(D)→(E)に示す様に、この第三中間素材14の径方向に関して中間部乃至内端部である前記レース部5aに対して、外径側端部を、軸方向に片側に向け直角に折り曲げて、前記フランジ部6aを有する第四中間素材15とする。この第四中間素材15が、特許請求の範囲(請求項2)中の第二中間素材に相当する。この第四中間素材15を得る為の折り曲げ加工は、前記第三中間素材14の径方向中間部に存在する円環状焼鈍部16部分で行う。この為、前記レース部5aの硬度がHv600〜800と高いにも拘らず、前記折り曲げ加工は無理なく行う事ができ、折り曲げ部に亀裂等の損傷が発生したり、前記フランジ部6aや前記レース部5aの形状が歪む事もない。   After obtaining the annular intermediate material 14 having a partially reduced hardness as described above, the diameter of the third intermediate material 14 is changed as shown in FIG. An outer diameter side end portion is bent at a right angle toward one side in the axial direction with respect to the race portion 5a which is an intermediate portion or an inner end portion with respect to the direction to form a fourth intermediate material 15 having the flange portion 6a. The fourth intermediate material 15 corresponds to the second intermediate material in the claims (Claim 2). The bending process for obtaining the fourth intermediate material 15 is performed at the annular annealing portion 16 existing in the radial intermediate portion of the third intermediate material 14. For this reason, although the hardness of the lace part 5a is as high as Hv 600 to 800, the bending process can be performed without difficulty, and the bent part may be damaged such as cracks, or the flange part 6a and the lace The shape of the part 5a is not distorted.

上述の様な第四中間素材15を得た後、前記フランジ部6aの先端縁部の円周方向複数箇所(図示の例では円周方向等間隔4箇所)を径方向内方に曲げ形成する事により、図1の(F)に示す様に、それぞれの部分に係止部7a、7aを形成し、レース4aとして完成する。これら各係止部7a、7aとなるべき、図1の(D)に示した各部分焼鈍部17、17の硬度に就いても、高周波焼鈍により局部的に低下している為、前記フランジ部6aが薄肉であっても、前記各係止部7a、7aを、亀裂を発生させたり前記フランジ部6aを歪ませずに、径方向に関する突出量を十分に確保して加工できる。
以上、図1の(A)→(B)→(C)→(D)→(E)→(F)の工程により造られる
前記レース4aのうち、前記レース部5a部分の硬度は、図1の(B)での焼き入れ工程でHv600〜800に高くされたままである。従って、前記レース部5a部分の転がり疲れ寿命は、十分に確保できる。しかも、このレース部5a部分は、平板のうちに焼き入れ硬化されていて、その後熱処理を受けない為、うねり等の変形を生じる事はない。
After obtaining the fourth intermediate material 15 as described above, a plurality of circumferential positions (four circumferentially equidistant positions in the illustrated example) at the front end edge of the flange portion 6a are bent inward in the radial direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 (F), the locking portions 7a and 7a are formed in the respective portions to complete the race 4a. Since the hardness of each of the partially annealed portions 17 and 17 shown in FIG. 1D, which should be the respective locking portions 7a and 7a, is locally reduced by high-frequency annealing, the flange portion Even if 6a is thin, each of the locking portions 7a, 7a can be processed with a sufficient amount of protrusion in the radial direction without causing cracks or distorting the flange portion 6a.
1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, and 1F, the hardness of the race portion 5a portion of the race 4a is shown in FIG. In the quenching process of (B), Hv is kept high at 600 to 800. Accordingly, a sufficient rolling fatigue life of the race portion 5a can be secured. In addition, the lace portion 5a is hardened and hardened in a flat plate and is not subjected to heat treatment thereafter, so that deformation such as swell does not occur.

上述の様にして造られるスラストニードル軸受用のレース4aは、薄肉で、且つ、必要とする性能を確保できる。即ち、前記レース5a部分の平面度を十分に確保して、ニードル2、2(図4参照)の転動面との転がり接触部の面圧分布の状態を良好にできる。又、前記各係止部7a、7aの突出量を確保し、且つ、前記フランジ部6aの歪みを抑えられる。この為、前記レース4aと保持器3(図4参照)との分離防止も確実に図れる。この結果、必要とする性能を確保しつつ、自動車用変速機等の、各種回転機械装置の小型・軽量化に寄与できる。   The thrust needle bearing race 4a manufactured as described above is thin and secures the required performance. That is, the flatness of the portion of the race 5a is sufficiently ensured, and the surface pressure distribution state of the rolling contact portion with the rolling surface of the needles 2 and 2 (see FIG. 4) can be improved. Further, it is possible to secure the protruding amount of each of the locking portions 7a and 7a and suppress the distortion of the flange portion 6a. For this reason, separation between the race 4a and the cage 3 (see FIG. 4) can be reliably prevented. As a result, it is possible to contribute to reducing the size and weight of various rotating machine devices such as a transmission for an automobile while ensuring the required performance.

本発明を実施する場合に、レースと保持器との分離防止の為、フランジ部の先端縁部に形成する係止部の形状は特に限定しない。従来から知られている各種形状を採用できる。例えば、図2の(A)及び図3の(A)に示した様に、軸方向から見た形状が部分円弧状のもの、図2の(B)及び図3の(B)(C)に示す様に、矩形若しくは台形で、円周方向に関して所定の寸法を有するもの、図2の(C)及び図3の(D)に示す様に、全周に亙って連続するものが採用可能である。   When carrying out the present invention, the shape of the locking portion formed at the front end edge of the flange portion is not particularly limited in order to prevent separation of the race and the cage. Conventionally known various shapes can be employed. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 3 (A), the shape viewed from the axial direction is a partial arc shape, FIGS. 2 (B) and 3 (B) (C). As shown in Fig. 2, a rectangular or trapezoidal shape with a predetermined dimension in the circumferential direction, and a continuous shape as shown in Fig. 2 (C) and Fig. 3 (D) are adopted. Is possible.

又、本発明の製造方法により造られたレースを組み込んで構成するスラストニードル軸受の構造に関しては、少なくとも1枚のレースを備えたものである事が必要であるが、必ずしも1対のレースにより各ニードルを挟持する構造である必要はない。例えば、自動車用変速機に組み込むスラストニードル軸受は、前述した様に、歯車の軸方向側面とハウジング等の軸方向側面との間に挟持する場合がある。この様な構造の場合、ハウジング部材の側面に直接スラスト軌道面を形成する事はかなり面倒であるが、前記歯車の軸方向側面に直接スラスト軌道面を形成する事は、比較的容易に行える場合もある。この様な場合に、1枚のレースのみを備えたスラストニードル軸受を、この1枚のみのレースを前記ハウジング部材の側面に添設する状態で使用すれば、前記自動車用変速機を、より小型・軽量化できる。   Further, regarding the structure of the thrust needle bearing configured by incorporating the race produced by the manufacturing method of the present invention, it is necessary to have at least one race, but each pair of races is not necessarily provided. It is not necessary to have a structure for sandwiching the needle. For example, as described above, a thrust needle bearing incorporated in a transmission for an automobile may be sandwiched between an axial side surface of a gear and an axial side surface of a housing or the like. In the case of such a structure, it is quite troublesome to form the thrust raceway surface directly on the side surface of the housing member, but it is relatively easy to form the thrust raceway surface directly on the axial side surface of the gear. There is also. In such a case, if a thrust needle bearing having only one race is used in a state in which only one race is attached to the side surface of the housing member, the automobile transmission can be made smaller.・ Weight can be reduced.

尚、本発明の効果を顕著に得る為には、前述した様に、板状素材(レースのうちのレース部)の厚さが0.2〜0.4mmの範囲で実施する事が好ましい。この厚さが0.4mmを越える場合には、前述の図7に示した従来の製造方法でも、熱処理時の条件を規制する事により、必要な性能を発揮できるレースを得られる可能性がある。これに対して、前記厚さが0.2mm未満の場合には、レースを添設するバックアップ面の性状(平面度)を相当に良好にしないと、レース部のスラスト軌道面の平面度を十分に確保できなくなる可能性がある。しかも、厚さが0.2mm未満の鋼板は、圧延成形による加工が難しく、高価になる為、低コスト化の面からも、あまり実用的ではない。この様な理由で、上述の様に、板状素材の厚さが0.2〜0.4mmの条件下で実施する事が好ましいが、この範囲から多少外れた範囲でも、本発明の効果を或る程度得られる。例えば、前記厚さが0.15〜0.2mmの範囲内で実施する場合に、前記バックアップ面の性状を、当該バックアップ面をそのままスラスト軌道面として利用する事はできないにしても、前記レース部の平面度を確保できる程度に良好にすれば、本発明を実施するメリットがある。又、前記厚さが0.4〜0.5mmの範囲で実施する場合には、熱処理時の条件を、前記従来方法の場合ほど厳密に規制する必要がなくなると言ったメリットを得られる。   In order to obtain the effect of the present invention remarkably, as described above, it is preferable that the thickness of the plate-shaped material (lace part of the race) is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4 mm. If this thickness exceeds 0.4 mm, the conventional manufacturing method shown in FIG. 7 may be able to obtain a race capable of exhibiting the required performance by regulating the conditions during the heat treatment. . On the other hand, when the thickness is less than 0.2 mm, the flatness of the thrust raceway surface of the race portion is sufficient unless the property (flatness) of the backup surface to which the race is attached is considerably improved. May not be able to be secured. In addition, a steel sheet having a thickness of less than 0.2 mm is difficult to process by rolling and is expensive, so it is not very practical from the viewpoint of cost reduction. For this reason, as described above, it is preferable that the thickness of the plate-shaped material is 0.2 to 0.4 mm. However, the effect of the present invention can be achieved even in a range slightly deviating from this range. To some degree. For example, in the case where the thickness is in the range of 0.15 to 0.2 mm, the properties of the backup surface can be used even if the backup surface cannot be used as a thrust track surface as it is. There is a merit of carrying out the present invention if it is made good enough to ensure the flatness. Further, when the thickness is in the range of 0.4 to 0.5 mm, it is possible to obtain an advantage that the conditions during the heat treatment do not need to be strictly regulated as in the case of the conventional method.

又、本発明のスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法は、レース部の周縁部に円筒状のフランジ部を設けただけで、このフランジ部の端縁部に係止部を持たないレースを造る場合に利用する事もできる。即ち、レースと保持器との分離防止を図る為に、レースのフランジ部に、このレースとは別体の分離防止環を嵌合固定し、この分離防止環と保持器とを係合させて、これらレースと保持器との分離防止を図る構造も、従来から知られている。この様な構造を構成するレースの製造に本発明を適用する場合には、特許請求の範囲中の請求項1に記載した発明の様に、レース部とフランジ部との折れ曲がり部となるべき部分のみを焼鈍すれば良い。   Further, the manufacturing method of the thrust needle bearing race of the present invention is a case where a race without a locking portion is formed at the end edge of the flange portion only by providing a cylindrical flange portion at the peripheral portion of the race portion. It can also be used. That is, in order to prevent separation of the race and the cage, a separation prevention ring separate from the race is fitted and fixed to the flange portion of the race, and the separation prevention ring and the cage are engaged. A structure for preventing separation between the race and the cage is also conventionally known. When the present invention is applied to the manufacture of a race that constitutes such a structure, as in the invention described in claim 1 in the claims, a portion that should be a bent portion between the race portion and the flange portion. Only need to be annealed.

又、本発明を実施する場合に、図1の(C)に示した第二中間素材13から同じく(D)に示した第三中間素材14を得る場合に、レース部5aとなるべき、これら両中間素材13、14の径方向中間部乃至内周縁部の硬度を低下させない事は必要である。但し、前記レース5aとなるべき部分よりも径方向外寄り部分の硬度に関しては、全体を高周波焼鈍により低下させても良い。即ち、図1の(D)に示した第四中間素材14のうち、円環状焼鈍部16、及び、この円環状焼鈍部16よりも径方向外寄り部分全体の硬度を、高周波焼鈍により低下させても良い。この径方向外寄り部分全体を曲げ起こして形成するフランジ部6aに関しては、特に高い硬度を要求されない為、この径方向外寄り部分全体を焼鈍しても、レース4aとして、十分な性能を得られる。又、この部分全体を焼鈍する事により、前記フランジ部6a及び係止部7a、7aの曲げ形成作業も容易になる。   Further, when the present invention is carried out, when the third intermediate material 14 shown in (D) is obtained from the second intermediate material 13 shown in (C) of FIG. It is necessary not to decrease the hardness of the intermediate portion in the radial direction or the inner peripheral edge of the intermediate materials 13 and 14. However, regarding the hardness of the portion radially outward from the portion to be the race 5a, the whole may be lowered by high-frequency annealing. That is, in the fourth intermediate material 14 shown in FIG. 1D, the hardness of the annular annealing portion 16 and the entire portion radially outward from the annular annealing portion 16 is reduced by high-frequency annealing. May be. The flange portion 6a formed by bending the entire radially outer portion is not required to have a particularly high hardness. Therefore, even if the entire radially outer portion is annealed, sufficient performance can be obtained as the race 4a. . Further, by annealing the entire portion, the bending work of the flange portion 6a and the locking portions 7a and 7a is facilitated.

更に、本発明は、前述の図4に示した様な構造のスラストニードル軸受に限らず、図8の(A)〜(C)に示した様なスラストニードル軸受1a〜1cに関して実施する事もできる。これら各スラストニードル軸受1a〜1cは何れも、ぞれぞれが断面コ字形で全体が円輪状である1対の素子を最中状に組み合わせて成る、保持器3aを備える。このうち、図8の(A)に示したスラストニードル軸受1aは、1対のレース4a、4bにより各ニードル2、2を挟持している。これに対して、図8の(B)に示したスラストニードル軸受1bは、所謂外輪と呼ばれるレース4aを、同じく(C)に示したスラストニードル軸受1cは、所謂内輪と呼ばれるレース4bを、各ニードル2、2の片側にのみ設けている。   Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the thrust needle bearing having the structure as shown in FIG. 4 described above, but may be implemented with respect to the thrust needle bearings 1a to 1c as shown in FIGS. it can. Each of these thrust needle bearings 1a to 1c includes a cage 3a that is formed by combining a pair of elements, each of which is U-shaped in cross section and entirely in a ring shape, in the middle. Of these, the thrust needle bearing 1a shown in FIG. 8A has the needles 2 and 2 sandwiched between a pair of races 4a and 4b. On the other hand, a thrust needle bearing 1b shown in FIG. 8B has a race 4a called an outer ring, and a thrust needle bearing 1c shown in FIG. 8C has a race 4b called an inner ring. It is provided only on one side of the needles 2 and 2.

1、1a、1b、1c スラストニードル軸受
2 ニードル
3、3a 保持器
4a、4b レース
5a、5b レース部
6a、6b フランジ部
7a、7b 係止部
8、8a 板状素材
9 第一中間素材
10 第二中間素材
11 第三中間素材
12 第一中間素材
13 第二中間素材
14 第三中間素材
15 第四中間素材
16 円環状焼鈍部
17 部分焼鈍部
1, 1a, 1b, 1c Thrust needle bearing 2 Needle 3, 3a Cage 4a, 4b Race 5a, 5b Race part 6a, 6b Flange part 7a, 7b Locking part 8, 8a Plate material 9 First intermediate material 10 First Second intermediate material 11 Third intermediate material 12 First intermediate material 13 Second intermediate material 14 Third intermediate material 15 Fourth intermediate material 16 Annular annealing portion 17 Partial annealing portion

Claims (7)

鉄系合金板製で、円輪状のレース部と、このレース部の周縁部を軸方向に曲げ形成する事により造られた円筒状のフランジ部とを備えたスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法であって、板状素材を熱処理により、前記レース部に必要とされる硬さにまで硬くした後、この板状素材に打ち抜き加工を施して円輪状の中間素材とし、この中間素材のうち、前記レース部となるべき部分の硬度を低下させずに、少なくともこの中間素材の径方向中間部で前記レース部と前記フランジ部との折れ曲がり部となるべき部分の硬度を全周に亙って、高周波焼鈍により低下させてから、前記レース部に対して前記フランジ部を曲げ形成する事を特徴とするスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法。   A method for producing a thrust needle bearing race made of an iron-based alloy plate, comprising an annular race portion and a cylindrical flange portion formed by bending the peripheral portion of the race portion in the axial direction. And after hardening the plate-like material to the hardness required for the lace part by heat treatment, the plate-like material is punched into an annular material, and among these intermediate materials, Without reducing the hardness of the part to be the race part, the hardness of the part that should be the bent part of the race part and the flange part at least in the radial direction intermediate part of the intermediate material is increased over the entire circumference. A method for manufacturing a thrust needle bearing race, wherein the flange portion is bent with respect to the race portion after being lowered by annealing. 前記フランジ部の先端縁部に、この先端縁部を、径方向に関して前記レース部の側に曲げ形成する事により係止部とするスラストニードル軸受用レースを造る為に、前記中間素材に対し、前記折れ曲がり部となるべき部分に加えて前記係止部となるべき部分の硬度に就いても、高周波焼鈍により低下させてから、前記レース部に対して前記フランジ部を曲げ形成して第二中間素材とした後、このフランジ部の先端縁部を曲げ形成して前記係止部とする、請求項1に記載したスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法。 In order to make a thrust needle bearing race as a locking part by bending the tip edge to the side of the race part in the radial direction at the tip edge of the flange part, for the intermediate material, Even if the hardness of the portion to be the locking portion in addition to the portion to be the bent portion is lowered by induction annealing, the flange portion is bent with respect to the race portion to form a second intermediate The method for manufacturing a thrust needle bearing race according to claim 1, wherein after forming the material, the leading edge portion of the flange portion is bent to form the locking portion . 前記折れ曲がり部となるべき部分及び前記係止部となるべき部分の硬度を局部的に低下させる、請求項2に記載したスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a thrust needle bearing race according to claim 2 , wherein the hardness of the portion to be the bent portion and the portion to be the locking portion is locally reduced. 前記中間素材のうち、前記折れ曲がり部となるべき部分から外周縁に掛けての部分の硬度を全周に亙って低下させる、請求項1〜3のうちの何れか1項に記載したスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法。 The thrust needle according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a hardness of a portion of the intermediate material that is to be bent from the portion that is to be bent to the outer peripheral edge is reduced over the entire circumference. A method for manufacturing a bearing race. 中間素材の径方向中間部で前記レース部と前記フランジ部との折れ曲がり部となるべき円環状部分のみの硬度を局部的に低下させ、この円環状部分よりも径方向内側に加えて径方向外側に関しても硬度を低下させない、請求項1に記載したスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法。The hardness of only the annular portion that should be the bent portion of the race portion and the flange portion is locally reduced at the intermediate portion in the radial direction of the intermediate material, and the radially outer side in addition to the annular portion in addition to the radially inner side. The method for manufacturing a thrust needle bearing race according to claim 1, wherein the hardness is not lowered. 板状素材として、厚さが0.2〜0.4mmのものを使用する、請求項1〜5のうちの何れか1項に記載したスラストニードル軸受用レースの製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a thrust needle bearing race according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plate-shaped material having a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm is used. 放射方向に配列された複数のニードルと、全体を円輪状に造られてこれら各ニードルを転動自在に保持する保持器と、円輪状のレース部及びこのレース部の周縁部を軸方向に曲げ形成する事により造られた円筒状のフランジ部を備えたレースとを備えたスラストニードル軸受に於いて、このレースが請求項1〜6のうちの何れか1項に記載された製造方法により造られたものである事を特徴とするスラストニードル軸受。
A plurality of needles arranged in a radial direction, a cage that is formed in an annular shape and holds the needles in a freely rolling manner, an annular race portion, and a peripheral portion of the race portion are bent in an axial direction. A thrust needle bearing including a race having a cylindrical flange portion formed by forming the race by a manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Thrust needle bearing characterized by being made.
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