JP5461671B2 - Die apparatus for forging outer joint member and method for manufacturing outer joint member - Google Patents

Die apparatus for forging outer joint member and method for manufacturing outer joint member Download PDF

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JP5461671B2
JP5461671B2 JP2012264385A JP2012264385A JP5461671B2 JP 5461671 B2 JP5461671 B2 JP 5461671B2 JP 2012264385 A JP2012264385 A JP 2012264385A JP 2012264385 A JP2012264385 A JP 2012264385A JP 5461671 B2 JP5461671 B2 JP 5461671B2
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joint member
outer joint
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member material
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JP2013046934A (en
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義忠 郁山
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NTN Corp
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本発明は、自動車や各種産業機械に用いられる等速自在継手の外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置、及びその金型装置を使用した前記外側継手部材の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a die device for forging an outer joint member of a constant velocity universal joint used in automobiles and various industrial machines, and a method of manufacturing the outer joint member using the die device.

自動車及びこれに準ずる各種車両においては、エンジンからの駆動力をホイールに伝達する動力伝達経路に、二軸間で角度変位や軸方向変位があった場合でも等速で回転動力を伝達することが可能な等速自在継手を配設することが行われている。   In automobiles and similar vehicles, rotational power can be transmitted at a constant speed even when there is angular displacement or axial displacement between the two axes in the power transmission path that transmits the driving force from the engine to the wheels. Possible constant velocity universal joints are arranged.

等速自在継手の基本的構成要素は、内面に複数のトラック溝を形成した外側継手部材と、そのトラック溝に回転可能に配設したボールやローラを介して外側継手部材と連動連結された内側継手部材とを備える。外側継手部材の内面は、回転駆動時の負荷に耐え得る強度と、ボールやローラが円滑に回転できる寸法精度が必要とされる。   The basic components of a constant velocity universal joint are an outer joint member formed with a plurality of track grooves on the inner surface, and an inner side linked to the outer joint member via balls and rollers rotatably arranged in the track grooves. A joint member. The inner surface of the outer joint member is required to have a strength that can withstand a load during rotational driving and a dimensional accuracy that allows the balls and rollers to rotate smoothly.

そのため、外側継手部材の製造工程において、最終的な製品形状に仕上げるためのしごき加工が行われている。外側継手部材をしごき加工する従来の鍛造用金型装置として、例えば、図４に示すものがある。   Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the outer joint member, ironing is performed to finish the final product shape. As a conventional forging die device for ironing the outer joint member, for example, there is one shown in FIG.

図４の鍛造用金型装置は、パンチホルダ１０３に固定ボルト１０４で固定されたパンチ１００と、パンチ１００の軸方向に移動可能なダイス１０１を備えている。この金型装置は、ダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を成形するためのものであり、その外側継手部材を形成するためのカップ状の外側継手部材用素材１０２が予め用意されている。   The forging die device shown in FIG. 4 includes a punch 100 fixed to a punch holder 103 with fixing bolts 104 and a die 101 movable in the axial direction of the punch 100. This mold apparatus is for forming an outer joint member of a double offset type constant velocity universal joint, and a cup-shaped outer joint member material 102 for forming the outer joint member is prepared in advance. .

外側継手部材を鍛造する場合は、外側継手部材用素材１０２を図示しない治具で固定し、外側継手部材用素材１０２の内面側にパンチ１００を配置する。ダイス１０１は、図の下方に配置する。そして、ダイス１０１を図の上方へ移動させて、外側継手部材用素材１０２の外面をダイス１０１でしごくことにより、外側継手部材用素材１０２の内面がパンチ１００に押圧され所定の形状に形成される。   When forging the outer joint member, the outer joint member material 102 is fixed with a jig (not shown), and the punch 100 is disposed on the inner surface side of the outer joint member material 102. The dice 101 is disposed below the figure. Then, by moving the die 101 upward in the drawing and squeezing the outer surface of the outer joint member material 102 with the die 101, the inner surface of the outer joint member material 102 is pressed against the punch 100 to be formed into a predetermined shape. .

また、図４と同様の方法でトリポード型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を製造する金型装置として、下記の特許文献１に示すものがある。   Moreover, there exists a thing shown in the following patent document 1 as a metal mold apparatus which manufactures the outer joint member of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint by the method similar to FIG.

特開２００２−２１３４７６号公報JP 2002-213476 A

外側継手部材のカップ状部分の内面は、図５の二点鎖線に示すように、軸線方向に平行なストレート状に形成されていることが望ましい。しかし、しごき成形した外側継手部材には反りが発生し、図５の実線に示すように湾曲変形する。また、その後、外側継手部材用素材を熱処理するとその湾曲変形はさらに顕著となる。このような湾曲変形が外側継手部材に生じることで、外側継手部材の中間部近傍の径寸法が所定の径寸法よりも小さくなり、内側継手部材等を外側継手部材に組み付けるのが困難となる。また、ストレート状に形成すべきトラック溝が湾曲して形成されるので、継手の使用時にローラとトラック溝との接触性が不安定となり、ローラが円滑に回転できないといった不具合が発生する。そして、このような問題を解決するために、外側継手部材の内面を所定の寸法・形状に切削加工等する必要があり、製造工数が増加するといった問題があった。   The inner surface of the cup-shaped portion of the outer joint member is preferably formed in a straight shape parallel to the axial direction, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. However, warpage occurs in the outer joint member formed by ironing, and the outer joint member is curved and deformed as shown by the solid line in FIG. Thereafter, when the outer joint member material is heat-treated, the bending deformation becomes more prominent. When such a curved deformation occurs in the outer joint member, the diameter dimension in the vicinity of the intermediate portion of the outer joint member becomes smaller than a predetermined diameter dimension, and it becomes difficult to assemble the inner joint member or the like to the outer joint member. Further, since the track groove to be formed in a straight shape is formed in a curved shape, the contact between the roller and the track groove becomes unstable when the joint is used, and a problem that the roller cannot be smoothly rotated occurs. And in order to solve such a problem, it was necessary to cut the inner surface of an outer joint member into a predetermined size and shape, and there was a problem that the number of manufacturing steps increased.

そこで、本発明は斯かる実情に鑑み、等速自在継手の外側継手部材の寸法精度を向上させることが可能な外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置、及びその金型装置を用いた外側継手部材の製造方法を提供しようとするものである。   Therefore, in view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a die device for forging an outer joint member capable of improving the dimensional accuracy of the outer joint member of the constant velocity universal joint, and an outer joint member using the die device. It is intended to provide a manufacturing method.

請求項１の発明は、等速自在継手の外側継手部材を成形するための筒状又はカップ状の外側継手部材用素材の内面側に配置されるパンチと、前記パンチに対して相対的に接近・離間可能に配設されると共に前記外側継手部材用素材の外面を軸方向へしごき成形するダイスを備えた外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置において、前記パンチの外周面に、しごき成形後の前記外側継手部材用素材に生じる反りの変形量に対応すると共にその反りと逆方向に変位した逆反り面を形成し、前記逆反り面は、前記パンチの軸方向の両端部側に向かって縮径する両端部側のテーパ面を有し、しごき成形において、前記外側継手部材用素材は前記パンチと前記ダイスとの間で挟圧され、前記外側継手部材用素材の内面の上部と下部とが、前記両端部側のテーパ面に沿っているものである。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, a punch disposed on the inner surface side of a cylindrical or cup-shaped outer joint member material for forming an outer joint member of a constant velocity universal joint is relatively close to the punch. In an outer joint member forging die device that is disposed so as to be separable and includes a die for ironing the outer surface of the outer joint member material in the axial direction, Corresponding to the deformation amount of the warp occurring in the outer joint member material, a reverse warp surface displaced in the opposite direction to the warp is formed, and the reverse warp surface is contracted toward both end sides in the axial direction of the punch. In the ironing process, the outer joint member material is clamped between the punch and the die, and the upper and lower surfaces of the inner surface of the outer joint member material are connected to each other. , Taper surfaces on both ends It is one that is along.

前記逆反り面を有するパンチと、ダイスで、外側継手部材用素材の内面をしごき成形後に生じる反りと反対方向の逆反り形状に成形することができる。その後、外側継手部材用素材に反りが生じることにより、逆反りが相殺され、外側継手部材用素材の内面は所定の形状に成形される。   The inner surface of the outer joint member material can be formed into a reverse warped shape in the opposite direction to the warp generated after ironing with a punch having a reverse warped surface and a die. Thereafter, the warpage of the outer joint member material cancels out the reverse warp, and the inner surface of the outer joint member material is formed into a predetermined shape.

請求項２の発明は、筒状又はカップ状の外側継手部材用素材をしごき成形して等速自在継手の外側継手部材を製造する外側継手部材の製造方法において、しごき成形後の前記外側継手部材用素材に生じる反りの変形量に対応すると共にその反りと逆方向に変位した逆反り面を外周面に有するパンチであって、前記逆反り面が、前記パンチの軸方向の両端部側に向かって縮径する両端部側のテーパ面を有するように形成されたパンチを、前記外側継手部材用素材の内面に配置し、ダイスを前記パンチに対して相対的に接近させて前記外側継手部材用素材の外面を軸方向へしごき成形し、しごき成形において、前記外側継手部材用素材は前記パンチと前記ダイスとの間で挟圧され、前記外側継手部材用素材の内面の上部と下部とが、前記両端部側のテーパ面に沿っている方法である。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an outer joint member manufacturing method for manufacturing an outer joint member of a constant velocity universal joint by iron forming a cylindrical or cup-shaped outer joint member material, wherein the outer joint member after iron forming is performed. A punch having an outer peripheral surface corresponding to a deformation amount of the warp generated in the material and having a reverse warped surface displaced in a direction opposite to the warp, wherein the reverse warped surface is directed toward both ends of the punch in the axial direction. A punch formed so as to have tapered surfaces on both end sides that are reduced in diameter is disposed on the inner surface of the material for the outer joint member, and a die is brought relatively close to the punch for the outer joint member. The outer surface of the material is formed by ironing in the axial direction, and in the ironing, the outer joint member material is sandwiched between the punch and the die, and the upper and lower portions of the inner surface of the outer joint member material are Both end sides It is a method along the tapered surface.

この方法によれば、外側継手部材用素材の内面をしごき成形後に生じる反りと反対方向の逆反り形状に成形することができる。その後、外側継手部材用素材に反りが生じることにより、逆反りが相殺され、外側継手部材用素材の内面は所定の形状に成形される。   According to this method, the inner surface of the outer joint member material can be formed into a reverse warp shape in the opposite direction to the warp generated after ironing. Thereafter, the warpage of the outer joint member material cancels out the reverse warp, and the inner surface of the outer joint member material is formed into a predetermined shape.

請求項３の発明は、請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法において、前記しごき成形後の外側継手部材用素材を浸炭焼入れ加工する方法である。   The invention of claim 3 is a method for carburizing and quenching the outer joint member material after the iron forming in the method of manufacturing the outer joint member according to claim 2.

本発明の方法を、しごき成形後の外側継手部材用素材を浸炭焼入れ加工する製造方法に適用することができる。   The method of the present invention can be applied to a manufacturing method in which the outer joint member material after ironing is carburized and quenched.

請求項４の発明は、請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法において、前記しごき成形後の外側継手部材用素材を高周波焼入れ加工する方法である。   A fourth aspect of the invention is a method for producing an outer joint member according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein the outer joint member material after ironing is subjected to induction hardening.

本発明の方法を、しごき成形後の外側継手部材用素材を高周波焼入れ加工する製造方法に適用することができる。   The method of the present invention can be applied to a manufacturing method in which the outer joint member material after ironing is subjected to induction hardening.

請求項５の発明は、請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法において、前記しごき成形前に、前記外側継手部材用素材を冷間鍛造加工する方法である。   The invention of claim 5 is the method for manufacturing the outer joint member according to claim 2, wherein the outer joint member material is cold forged before the ironing.

本発明の方法を、しごき成形前に外側継手部材用素材を冷間鍛造加工する製造方法に適用することができる。   The method of the present invention can be applied to a manufacturing method in which a material for an outer joint member is cold forged before ironing.

請求項６の発明は、請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法において、前記しごき成形前に、前記外側継手部材用素材を亜熱間鍛造加工する方法である。   The invention of claim 6 is the method for manufacturing the outer joint member according to claim 2, wherein the outer joint member material is subjected to sub-hot forging before the ironing.

本発明の方法を、しごき成形前に外側継手部材用素材を亜熱間鍛造加工する製造方法に適用することができる。   The method of the present invention can be applied to a manufacturing method in which a material for an outer joint member is subjected to sub-hot forging before ironing.

請求項７の発明は、請求項２から６のいずれか１項に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法において、前記外側継手部材用素材がトリポード型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を成形するための外側継手部材用素材である。   The invention according to claim 7 is the method for manufacturing an outer joint member according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the outer joint member material is used to form an outer joint member of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint. This is a material for an outer joint member.

本発明の方法を、トリポード型等速自在継手の外側継手部材の製造方法に適用することができる。   The method of the present invention can be applied to a method for manufacturing an outer joint member of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint.

請求項８の発明は、請求項２から６のいずれか１項に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法において、前記外側継手部材用素材がダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を成形するための外側継手部材用素材である。   The invention according to claim 8 is the method for manufacturing an outer joint member according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the outer joint member material forms an outer joint member of a double offset type constant velocity universal joint. The material for the outer joint member.

本発明の方法を、ダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の外側継手部材の製造方法に適用することができる。   The method of the present invention can be applied to a method for manufacturing an outer joint member of a double offset type constant velocity universal joint.

本発明の外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置及び外側継手部材の製造方法によれば、外側継手部材の内面を所定の寸法・形状に高精度に成形することができる。これにより、継手の構成部品の組み付け性、及び継手使用時の運動の安定性が向上する。また、従来行っていたしごき成形後の外側継手部材用素材の切削加工等が不要となり、製造工数を削減することができる。さらに、反りによる外側継手部材の寸法誤差に対応して、内側継手部材等の各構成部品のサイズを複数揃える必要がなくなり、コストを低減させることができる。   According to the forging die device for outer joint member and the method for manufacturing the outer joint member of the present invention, the inner surface of the outer joint member can be formed with a predetermined size and shape with high accuracy. Thereby, the assembly | attachment property of the component of a joint and the stability of the motion at the time of use of a joint improve. In addition, it is not necessary to perform cutting of the outer joint member material after the iron forming which has been conventionally performed, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced. Furthermore, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of sizes of each component such as the inner joint member in response to the dimensional error of the outer joint member due to warpage, and the cost can be reduced.

ダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a double offset type constant velocity universal joint. 本発明に係る外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置の概略を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the outline of the die apparatus for forging of the outer joint member which concerns on this invention. 本発明の金型装置でしごき成形した外側継手部材に反りが発生した状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which the curvature generate | occur | produced in the outer joint member formed by ironing with the metal mold | die apparatus of this invention. 従来の外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置の概略を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the outline of the conventional die apparatus for forging of an outer joint member. 従来の金型装置でしごき成形した外側継手部材に反りが発生した状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which the curvature generate | occur | produced in the outer joint member formed by ironing with the conventional metal mold apparatus.

図１は、例えば自動車の等速自在継手として用いられるダブルオフセット型の等速自在継手の縦断面図である。以下、このダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を製造するための鍛造用金型に、本発明の構成を適用した実施形態を例に挙げて説明する。ただし、本発明の構成は、トリポード型等速自在継手、又はそれ以外の等速自在継手の外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置にも適用可能である。   FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a double offset type constant velocity universal joint used as a constant velocity universal joint of an automobile, for example. Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the configuration of the present invention is applied to a forging die for manufacturing the outer joint member of the double offset constant velocity universal joint will be described as an example. However, the configuration of the present invention can also be applied to a mold apparatus for forging an outer joint member of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint or other constant velocity universal joint.

図１に示すように、ダブルオフセット型等速自在継手１は、外側継手部材２、内側継手部材３、複数のトルク伝達ボール４、保持器５を主要な構成要素としている。外側継手部材２は、図示しない駆動軸等の第一回転軸に連結されるステム部２ａと、ステム部２ａの端部に一体に設けられたカップ状（有底円筒形状）のマウス部２ｂを有している。内側継手部材３は外側継手部材２に内装された短筒状の部材であり、内側継手部材３の内径に形成した軸孔３ａに従動軸等の第二回転軸６が挿嵌されている。外側継手部材２の外面と、内側継手部材３の内面のそれぞれに形成したトラック溝２ｃ，３ｂ間に、トルク伝達ボール４が組み込まれ、各トルク伝達ボール４を両側継手部材２，３間に組み込まれた保持器５によって保持している。   As shown in FIG. 1, the double offset type constant velocity universal joint 1 includes an outer joint member 2, an inner joint member 3, a plurality of torque transmission balls 4, and a cage 5 as main components. The outer joint member 2 includes a stem portion 2a connected to a first rotation shaft such as a drive shaft (not shown), and a cup-shaped (bottomed cylindrical shape) mouse portion 2b integrally provided at the end of the stem portion 2a. Have. The inner joint member 3 is a short cylindrical member built in the outer joint member 2, and a second rotating shaft 6 such as a driven shaft is inserted into the shaft hole 3 a formed in the inner diameter of the inner joint member 3. A torque transmission ball 4 is assembled between the track grooves 2c and 3b formed on the outer surface of the outer joint member 2 and the inner surface of the inner joint member 3, and each torque transmission ball 4 is assembled between the joint members 2 and 3 on both sides. It is held by the held cage 5.

また、保持器５には、外側継手部材２の円筒形内面２ｄに接触案内される球形外面５ａと、内側継手部材３の球形外面３ｃに接触案内される球形内面５ｂが形成されている。この保持器５の球形外面５ａ及び球形内面５ｂの各中心Ａ，Ｂを、等速自在継手１の角度中心Ｏに対して互いに反対方向に等距離だけオフセットして、外側継手部材２と内側継手部材３が作動角をとってトルクを伝達する際でも一定の角速度でトルクを伝達し得るようにしている。   The cage 5 is formed with a spherical outer surface 5a that is contact-guided with the cylindrical inner surface 2d of the outer joint member 2 and a spherical inner surface 5b that is contact-guided with the spherical outer surface 3c of the inner joint member 3. The outer joint member 2 and the inner joint are offset by offsetting the centers A and B of the spherical outer surface 5a and the spherical inner surface 5b of the cage 5 by equal distances in the opposite directions with respect to the angular center O of the constant velocity universal joint 1. Even when the member 3 takes the operating angle and transmits the torque, the torque can be transmitted at a constant angular velocity.

次に、本発明に係る外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置を説明する。図２は、本発明の鍛造用金型装置の概略を示す縦断面図である。同図示すように、本金型装置は、上記外側継手部材を製造するための外側継手部材用素材８（以下、中間素材という）の内面を拘束するパンチ９と、中間素材８の外面をしごき成形するダイス１０とを有する。   Next, the die device for forging of the outer joint member according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the forging die device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, this mold apparatus squeezes the outer surface of the intermediate material 8 and the punch 9 for restraining the inner surface of the outer joint member material 8 (hereinafter referred to as the intermediate material) for manufacturing the outer joint member. And a die 10 to be molded.

上記中間素材８は、カップ部８ａと、軸部８ｂを一体成形した部材である。この中間素材８は、例えば、円柱状の鋼材を所定長さに切断したビレットを、冷間鍛造又は亜熱間鍛造等して形成して得られる。中間素材８の成形方法は、様々な方法を採用することができる。例えば、金属板をプレス加工して筒状部材を成形した後、その筒状部材に軸部を接合するなどして、中間素材を製造してもよい。また、中間素材８は、筒型のもの、又はベル型のもの、あるいはそれら以外の形状のものでも適用可能である。   The intermediate material 8 is a member in which the cup portion 8a and the shaft portion 8b are integrally formed. The intermediate material 8 is obtained, for example, by forming a billet obtained by cutting a columnar steel material into a predetermined length by cold forging or sub-hot forging. Various methods can be adopted as a method of forming the intermediate material 8. For example, the intermediate material may be manufactured by pressing a metal plate to form a cylindrical member and then joining a shaft portion to the cylindrical member. Further, the intermediate material 8 can be applied in a cylindrical shape, a bell shape, or other shapes.

パンチ９は、パンチホルダ１１に固定ボルト１２によって固定されている。図２において、パンチ９の外周面は、図の上方へ縮径する上テーパ面９ａ、図の下方へ縮径する下テーパ面９ｂ、及び上テーパ面９ａと下テーパ面９ｂの間に連接されると共にパンチ９の軸線と平行に配設された中間ストレート面９ｃを有する樽型に形成されている。   The punch 9 is fixed to the punch holder 11 with fixing bolts 12. In FIG. 2, the outer peripheral surface of the punch 9 is connected to an upper taper surface 9a whose diameter is reduced upward in the drawing, a lower taper surface 9b whose diameter is reduced downward in the drawing, and an upper taper surface 9a and a lower taper surface 9b. And is formed in a barrel shape having an intermediate straight surface 9 c disposed in parallel with the axis of the punch 9.

ダイス１０は、その内面の上部がテーパ状に広がる導入部１０ａとされ、下部が軸線と平行なしごき型面部１０ｂとされる。ダイス１０は、図示しない駆動部によって、パンチ９に対して軸線方向に移動可能に構成されている。なお、上記駆動部は、機械式の駆動装置又は油圧式の駆動装置、あるいはこれら以外の公知の駆動装置から任意に選択して採用可能である。   The die 10 has an introduction portion 10a with an upper portion of the inner surface extending in a tapered shape, and a lower portion of the die 10 with a perforated die surface portion 10b parallel to the axis. The die 10 is configured to be movable in the axial direction with respect to the punch 9 by a drive unit (not shown). The drive unit can be arbitrarily selected from a mechanical drive device, a hydraulic drive device, or any other known drive device.

以下、本発明の鍛造用金型装置を用いた外側継手部材の製造方法について説明する。
図２に示すように、予め成形したカップ状の中間素材８を、その開口部が上方を臨むように図示しない治具にて固定すると共に、中間素材８のカップ部８ａの内に、パンチ９を配置する。そして、ダイス１０を中間素材８の下方位置から上昇させて中間素材８の外面をしごく。中間素材８はパンチ９とダイス１０との間で挟圧され、中間素材８のカップ部８ａの内面がパンチ９の外面形状に沿うように拘束されてトラック溝等が成形される。図２に示すように、中間素材８をしごき成形した外側継手部材２の内面は、その上部と下部が縮径し、軸線に対して傾斜した状態となっている。 Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing an outer joint member using the forging die device of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, a cup-shaped intermediate material 8 formed in advance is fixed with a jig (not shown) so that the opening faces upward, and the punch 9 is placed in the cup portion 8 a of the intermediate material 8. Place. Then, the die 10 is raised from the lower position of the intermediate material 8 to squeeze the outer surface of the intermediate material 8. The intermediate material 8 is clamped between the punch 9 and the die 10, and the inner surface of the cup portion 8a of the intermediate material 8 is constrained to conform to the outer surface shape of the punch 9, thereby forming a track groove or the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface of the outer joint member 2 formed by ironing the intermediate material 8 is in a state where the upper and lower portions are reduced in diameter and inclined with respect to the axis.

上記ダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の外側継手部材は、その内周面を軸線方向と平行になるように形成する必要がある（図１参照）。一方、しごき成形した直後の外側継手部材２の内周面の上部と下部は、軸線方向と平行に形成されておらず、上述のように軸線に対して傾斜した形状となっている。しかし、その後、しごき成形した外側継手部材２からパンチ９を離型させると、外側継手部材２には反りが発生する。この反りが発生することによって、外側継手部材２の内面の上部と下部における各内周面は、図３の二点鎖線に示す傾斜した状態から、同図の実線に示すような軸線と平行な状態へ変形し、所定の内周面形状となる。   The outer joint member of the double offset type constant velocity universal joint needs to be formed so that the inner peripheral surface thereof is parallel to the axial direction (see FIG. 1). On the other hand, the upper part and the lower part of the inner peripheral surface of the outer joint member 2 immediately after ironing are not formed in parallel with the axial direction, and have a shape inclined with respect to the axial line as described above. However, after that, when the punch 9 is released from the outer joint member 2 formed by ironing, the outer joint member 2 is warped. When this warpage occurs, the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper and lower inner surfaces of the outer joint member 2 are parallel to the axis shown by the solid line in FIG. 3 from the inclined state shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. It is deformed into a state and becomes a predetermined inner peripheral surface shape.

すなわち、本発明は、パンチの外周に、しごき成形後の中間素材（外側継手部材）に生じる反りの変形量に対応すると共にその反りと逆方向に変位した逆反り面を形成することによって、中間素材の内面をしごき成形後に生じる反りと反対方向の逆反り形状に成形することができる。その後、中間素材に反りが生じることにより、逆反りが相殺され、中間素材の内面は所定の形状に成形される。   That is, the present invention forms an intermediate warpage surface on the outer periphery of the punch that corresponds to the amount of warpage deformation generated in the intermediate material (outer joint member) after ironing and is displaced in the direction opposite to the warpage. The inner surface of the material can be formed into a reverse warp shape in the opposite direction to the warp that occurs after ironing. Thereafter, the warping of the intermediate material causes the reverse warping to be offset, and the inner surface of the intermediate material is formed into a predetermined shape.

これにより、しごき加工後、外側継手部材の内面を切削加工などして所定の形状にする必要がなくなる。   Thereby, after ironing, it is not necessary to cut the inner surface of the outer joint member into a predetermined shape.

なお、図２に示す状態では、しごき成形した外側継手部材２の（図の上方の）開口部は、縮径しているので、パンチ９を外側継手部材２から引き抜きにくい形状となっているが、実際は上記反りによる曲げ応力によって開口部は多少拡径するので、パンチ９の引き抜きを妨げることはない。   In the state shown in FIG. 2, the opening (upward in the drawing) of the outer joint member 2 formed by ironing has a reduced diameter, so that it is difficult to pull out the punch 9 from the outer joint member 2. Actually, since the diameter of the opening is somewhat enlarged due to the bending stress due to the warp, the punch 9 is not prevented from being pulled out.

以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の変更を加え得ることは勿論である。上述の実施形態では、パンチで固定した中間素材対してダイスを軸方向に移動させてしごき成形するタイプの金型装置に、本発明の構成を適用した場合を例に挙げて説明したが、ダイスに対してパンチで固定した中間素材を移動させてしごき成形するタイプの金型装置にも本発明の構成を適用可能である。また、中間素材をしごき成形した後に、浸炭焼入れ加工、又は高周波焼入れ加工を行ってもよい。   As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, Of course, a various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. In the above-described embodiment, the case where the configuration of the present invention is applied to the mold apparatus of the type in which the die is moved in the axial direction with respect to the intermediate material fixed by the punch and ironed is described as an example. On the other hand, the configuration of the present invention can be applied to a mold apparatus that performs ironing by moving an intermediate material fixed with a punch. Further, after the intermediate material is ironed, carburizing quenching or induction quenching may be performed.

８ 外側継手部材用素材（中間素材）
９ パンチ
９ａ 上テーパ面
９ｂ 下テーパ面
９ｃ 中間ストレート面
１０ ダイス 8 Outer joint material (intermediate material)
9 Punch 9a Upper taper surface 9b Lower taper surface 9c Intermediate straight surface 10 Die

Claims (8)

等速自在継手の外側継手部材を成形するための筒状又はカップ状の外側継手部材用素材の内面側に配置されるパンチと、前記パンチに対して相対的に接近・離間可能に配設されると共に前記外側継手部材用素材の外面を軸方向へしごき成形するダイスを備えた外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置において、
前記パンチの外周面に、しごき成形後の前記外側継手部材用素材に生じる反りの変形量に対応すると共にその反りと逆方向に変位した逆反り面を形成し、
前記逆反り面は、前記パンチの軸方向の両端部側に向かって縮径する両端部側のテーパ面を有し、
しごき成形において、前記外側継手部材用素材は前記パンチと前記ダイスとの間で挟圧され、前記外側継手部材用素材の内面の上部と下部とが、前記両端部側のテーパ面に沿っていることを特徴とする外側継手部材の鍛造用金型装置。 A punch disposed on the inner surface side of the cylindrical or cup-shaped outer joint member material for forming the outer joint member of the constant velocity universal joint, and disposed relatively close to and away from the punch. And a die device for forging of the outer joint member provided with a die for ironing the outer surface of the outer joint member material in the axial direction,
On the outer peripheral surface of the punch, a reverse warped surface that corresponds to the amount of warpage deformation generated in the outer joint member material after ironing and is displaced in the opposite direction to the warpage,
The reverse warped surface has tapered surfaces on both ends that reduce in diameter toward both ends in the axial direction of the punch,
In the ironing, the outer joint member material is clamped between the punch and the die, and the upper and lower portions of the inner surface of the outer joint member material are along the tapered surfaces on the both end sides. A die device for forging an outer joint member. 筒状又はカップ状の外側継手部材用素材をしごき成形して等速自在継手の外側継手部材を製造する外側継手部材の製造方法において、
しごき成形後の前記外側継手部材用素材に生じる反りの変形量に対応すると共にその反りと逆方向に変位した逆反り面を外周面に有するパンチであって、前記逆反り面が、前記パンチの軸方向の両端部側に向かって縮径する両端部側のテーパ面を有するように形成されたパンチを、前記外側継手部材用素材の内面に配置し、ダイスを前記パンチに対して相対的に接近させて前記外側継手部材用素材の外面を軸方向へしごき成形し、
しごき成形において、前記外側継手部材用素材は前記パンチと前記ダイスとの間で挟圧され、前記外側継手部材用素材の内面の上部と下部とが、前記両端部側のテーパ面に沿っていることを特徴とする外側継手部材の製造方法。 In the manufacturing method of the outer joint member, the outer joint member of the constant velocity universal joint is manufactured by ironing the cylindrical or cup-shaped outer joint member material.
A punch having an outer peripheral surface corresponding to the deformation amount of the warp generated in the outer joint member material after ironing and having a reverse warped surface displaced in a direction opposite to the warp, wherein the reverse warped surface is A punch formed so as to have tapered surfaces on both end sides that reduce in diameter toward both end portions in the axial direction is disposed on the inner surface of the outer joint member material, and a die is relatively positioned with respect to the punch. The outer surface of the outer joint member material is made to approach in the axial direction,
In the ironing, the outer joint member material is clamped between the punch and the die, and the upper and lower portions of the inner surface of the outer joint member material are along the tapered surfaces on the both end sides. A method for manufacturing an outer joint member. 前記しごき成形後の外側継手部材用素材を浸炭焼入れ加工する請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法。   The manufacturing method of the outer joint member according to claim 2, wherein the outer joint member material after ironing is carburized and quenched. 前記しごき成形後の外側継手部材用素材を高周波焼入れ加工する請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法。   The manufacturing method of the outer joint member according to claim 2, wherein the outer joint member material after ironing is induction-hardened. 前記しごき成形前に、前記外側継手部材用素材を冷間鍛造加工することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing an outer joint member according to claim 2, wherein the outer joint member material is cold forged before the ironing. 前記しごき成形前に、前記外側継手部材用素材を亜熱間鍛造加工することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing an outer joint member according to claim 2, wherein the outer joint member material is subjected to sub-hot forging before the ironing. 前記外側継手部材用素材がトリポード型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を成形するための外側継手部材用素材であることを特徴とする請求項２から６のいずれか１項に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法。   The outer joint member according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the outer joint member material is an outer joint member material for forming an outer joint member of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint. Manufacturing method. 前記外側継手部材用素材がダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を成形するための外側継手部材用素材であることを特徴とする請求項２から６のいずれか１項に記載の外側継手部材の製造方法。   The outer joint member according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the outer joint member material is an outer joint member material for forming an outer joint member of a double offset type constant velocity universal joint. Manufacturing method of member.
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