JP5460453B2 - How to fill powder in the bowl - Google Patents

How to fill powder in the bowl Download PDF

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JP5460453B2
JP5460453B2 JP2010106174A JP2010106174A JP5460453B2 JP 5460453 B2 JP5460453 B2 JP 5460453B2 JP 2010106174 A JP2010106174 A JP 2010106174A JP 2010106174 A JP2010106174 A JP 2010106174A JP 5460453 B2 JP5460453 B2 JP 5460453B2
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powder
mortar
pressing plate
filling
shape
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JP2011235450A (en
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一二夫 野入
道郎 青木
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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Priority to TW100113333A priority patent/TW201206690A/en
Priority to KR1020110035762A priority patent/KR101821411B1/en
Priority to CN201110101010.0A priority patent/CN102275746B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/027—Particular press methods or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/062—Press plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Description

本発明は、乾燥状態にある粉体を匣鉢の内部に圧密状態で充填する方法に関するものであり、特に、リチウムイオン電池の電極材のようなセラミック粉体を匣鉢内部へ充填効率よく充填するに適した匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for filling a powder in a dry state in a compacted state, and in particular, filling a ceramic powder such as an electrode material of a lithium ion battery into the powdered pot efficiently. The present invention relates to a method for filling powder into a mortar suitable for the purpose.

リチウムイオン電池その他の電子部品の原料となる粉体を工業的に焼成する場合には、匣鉢と呼ばれる枡状の耐熱容器に粉体を充填し、焼成炉内で焼成する方法が一般的である。この焼成工程における生産性を高めるために、匣鉢への粉体の充填効率をできるだけ高めることが求められる。   When powders that are raw materials for lithium ion batteries and other electronic components are industrially fired, it is common to fill the powder in a bowl-shaped heat-resistant container called a mortar and fire it in a firing furnace. is there. In order to increase the productivity in this firing step, it is required to increase the filling efficiency of the powder in the mortar as much as possible.

粉体の充填効率を高める手段として、古くから振動充填法が用いられている。例えば特許文献１には、粉体を成形型の内部で圧縮する際に、０．５〜１００Ｈｚの振動を加える方法が開示されている。   As a means for increasing the powder filling efficiency, the vibration filling method has been used for a long time. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of applying vibration of 0.5 to 100 Hz when powder is compressed inside a mold.

この特許文献１においては、粉体を均一厚さに圧縮している。しかし本発明者の検討結果によれば、特許文献１のように粉体を均一厚さに充填するよりも、匣鉢の中央部では充填厚さを薄くし、周縁部では厚くする方が焼成品質が向上することが判明した。これはこの種の粉体は熱伝導率が低いために匣鉢の中央下部の昇温速度が相対的に低くなり、匣鉢内部の位置によって粉体が受ける焼成温度履歴がばらつくため、焼成品質を均一化するためには匣鉢の中央部では充填厚さを薄くして熱が伝わり易くすることが有利となるためである。   In this patent document 1, the powder is compressed to a uniform thickness. However, according to the examination result of the present inventor, the filling thickness is reduced in the central portion of the sagger and thicker in the peripheral portion, rather than filling the powder with a uniform thickness as in Patent Document 1. It was found that the quality was improved. This is because this type of powder has a low thermal conductivity, so the rate of temperature rise at the lower center of the mortar is relatively low, and the calcination temperature history experienced by the powder varies depending on the position inside the mortar, which This is because it is advantageous to reduce the filling thickness at the central portion of the mortar to facilitate heat transfer.

ところがこの種の粉体は水分を嫌うために湿式充填が行えないことが多く、乾燥状態ではフワフワした状態にあるため、周縁部が高くなった形状に成形することが容易ではない。すなわち、匣鉢内部に最初に粉体を充填したときには粉体表面はフラットであり、この状態から粉体の上部を上方に持ち上げることや、その形状において全体を中央が窪んだ形状に圧密化することは容易ではなく、そのための従来技術は皆無であると思われる。   However, this type of powder is often unable to be wet-filled because it dislikes moisture, and since it is in a dry state in a dry state, it is not easy to form into a shape with a high peripheral edge. That is, the powder surface is flat when the powder is first filled in the mortar, and the upper part of the powder is lifted upward from this state, or the whole is consolidated into a shape in which the center is depressed. That is not easy, and there seems to be no prior art for that.

特公平７−１１２６３７号公報Japanese Patent Publication No.7-112737

従って本発明の目的は上記した従来技術の問題点を解決し、乾燥状態にある粉体を中央部の厚みを薄く、周縁部の厚みを厚くした表面形状として匣鉢の内部に圧密状態で充填することができる匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法を提供することである。   Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and fill the inside of the mortar in a compacted state as a surface shape in which the powder in the dry state has a thin central part and a thick peripheral part. It is to provide a method of filling powder into the mortar.

上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明は、匣鉢内部に乾燥した粉体を所定量供給したうえ、粉体表面に所定位置まで第１の押え板を降下させながら匣鉢に振動を加えて粉体表面を第１の押さえ板の下面形状に従って中央が窪んだ形状に成形し、次に成形された粉体表面を第２の押さえ板により更に圧下して粉体を圧密化することを特徴とするものである。   The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems. A predetermined amount of dry powder is supplied to the inside of the bowl, and the bowl is vibrated while lowering the first presser plate to a predetermined position on the powder surface. In addition, the powder surface is formed into a shape in which the center is depressed in accordance with the lower surface shape of the first pressing plate, and then the formed powder surface is further reduced by the second pressing plate to consolidate the powder. It is characterized by.

請求項２のように、粉体の供給、成形、圧密化の各工程を減圧ボックス内で進行させることが好ましく、その場合には請求項３のように、減圧ボックス内を焼成炉内と同じガス雰囲気とすることが好ましい。   As in claim 2, it is preferable that the steps of supplying powder, forming, and compacting proceed in a reduced pressure box, and in that case, in the reduced pressure box, the inside of the reduced pressure box is the same as that in the firing furnace. A gas atmosphere is preferable.

また請求項４のように、第１の押さえ板と第２の押さえ板とが同一の下面形状を備えたものとすることが好ましく、請求項５のように、第１の押さえ板と第２の押さえ板との下面形状が、中央部が低く、周縁部が上向きの傾斜面であることが好ましい。この場合には請求項６のように、周縁部の上向きの傾斜面が匣鉢の底面に対してなす角度を、粉体の安息角以下とすることが好ましい。   Further, as in claim 4, it is preferable that the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate have the same bottom surface shape, and as in claim 5, the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate. It is preferable that the shape of the lower surface with the pressing plate is an inclined surface having a low center portion and an upward peripheral edge portion. In this case, as in claim 6, it is preferable that the angle formed by the upward inclined surface of the peripheral portion with respect to the bottom surface of the mortar is less than the repose angle of the powder.

請求項１の発明によれば、匣鉢内部に乾燥した粉体を所定量供給したうえ、匣鉢に振動を加えながら粉体表面に向かって第1の押さえ板を所定位置まで降下させる。振動により粉体は流動化して周縁部では最初の表面位置よりも上方に移動し、第1の押さえ板の下面形状に従って中央が窪んだ形状成形される。しかしこのままでは密度が不十分であるので、その後に粉体表面を第２の押さえ板により更に圧下することにより、匣鉢内部の粉体はほぼ均一な密度に圧密化される。このため焼成工程において昇温が遅れがちな匣鉢中央部の粉体にも熱が伝わり易くなり、焼成品質のばらつきがなくなる。しかも匣鉢内の焼成粉体重量を従来よりも増加させることができ、その後の焼成工程の生産性を向上させることができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, a predetermined amount of the dried powder is supplied into the mortar, and the first pressing plate is lowered toward the predetermined position toward the powder surface while applying vibration to the mortar. The powder is fluidized by the vibration and moves upward from the first surface position at the peripheral portion, and is formed into a shape in which the center is depressed according to the lower surface shape of the first pressing plate. However, since the density is insufficient as it is, the powder inside the mortar is consolidated to a substantially uniform density by further reducing the powder surface with the second pressing plate. For this reason, heat is easily transferred to the powder in the central portion of the mortar where the temperature rise tends to be delayed in the firing step, and variations in the firing quality are eliminated. In addition, the weight of the fired powder in the mortar can be increased as compared with the conventional case, and the productivity of the subsequent firing process can be improved.

また従来は匣鉢内部に充填された粉体の表面は自由状態にあり、充填密度のばらつきも成り行き任せであったが、本発明によれば粉体の表面状態を管理することができるので各匣鉢毎のばらつきをなくし、均一な焼成品質を得ることができる。更に本発明によれば最初の粉体供給を粉体に過大な圧力を加えることなく行うことができるので、コンタミネーションの発生を抑制できる効果もある。   Conventionally, the surface of the powder filled in the mortar is in a free state, and the dispersion of the packing density has been left to the right, but according to the present invention, since the surface state of the powder can be managed, Uniform firing quality can be obtained by eliminating variations among different mortars. Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the initial powder supply can be performed without applying excessive pressure to the powder, there is also an effect that the occurrence of contamination can be suppressed.

請求項２の発明によれば、減圧条件下で粉体の供給、成形、圧密化の各工程を進行させるため、粉体粒子間に存在する空気を除去することができ、その分だけ粉体の充填密度を高めることができる。また粉体中の空気を脱気することにより空中の酸素や水分による焼成品質の低下を防止することができる。更に減圧することにより粉体表面からの発塵も同時に防止され、粉体に飛散によるロスも抑制することができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the powder supply, molding, and consolidation steps are performed under reduced pressure conditions, air existing between the powder particles can be removed, and the powder is correspondingly removed. The packing density can be increased. Further, by degassing the air in the powder, it is possible to prevent a reduction in firing quality due to oxygen and moisture in the air. Furthermore, by reducing the pressure, dust generation from the powder surface can be prevented at the same time, and loss due to scattering on the powder can be suppressed.

請求項３の発明によれば、減圧ボックス内を焼成炉内と同じガス雰囲気とすることにより、粉体内部の空気をより完全に雰囲気ガスに置換することができ、焼成品質の向上を図ることができる。   According to the invention of claim 3, by making the inside of the decompression box the same gas atmosphere as in the firing furnace, the air inside the powder can be more completely replaced with the atmosphere gas, and the firing quality is improved. Can do.

請求項４の発明によれば、第１の押さえ板により成形された粉体の表面形状を崩すことなく第２の押さえ板による圧密が可能となる。   According to the invention of claim 4, consolidation by the second pressing plate is possible without breaking the surface shape of the powder formed by the first pressing plate.

請求項５の発明によれば、匣鉢内部の粉体の焼成品質のばらつきが減少し、また請求項６の発明によれば第１の押さえ板により成形された粉体が移動中に崩れることもない。   According to the invention of claim 5, the variation in the firing quality of the powder inside the mortar is reduced, and according to the invention of claim 6, the powder formed by the first pressing plate collapses during movement. Nor.

匣鉢への粉体の供給工程を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the supply process of the powder to a mortar. 第1の押さえ板による成形工程の説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a molding process using a first pressing plate. 第２の押さえ板による圧密工程の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the compaction process by a 2nd pressing board. 各工程における匣鉢内部の粉体の表面形状の変化を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view which shows the change of the surface shape of the powder inside a mortar in each process.

以下に図面を参照しつつ、本発明の実施形態を詳細に説明する。
本実施形態では匣鉢は四角形の炭素匣鉢であり、粉体はリチウムイオン電池の正極材用のセラミック粉体である。この粉体の粒径は２〜１５μｍであり、水分を嫌う物質である。また焼成は窒素雰囲気中で行なわれる。しかし本発明はこの実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, the mortar is a square carbon mortar, and the powder is a ceramic powder for a positive electrode material of a lithium ion battery. This powder has a particle size of 2 to 15 μm and is a substance that dislikes moisture. Firing is performed in a nitrogen atmosphere. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

ローラーコンベア等の適宜の搬送手段（図示せず）で搬送された空匣鉢１に対し、先ず図１に示すように内部に粉体が供給される。匣鉢１は減圧ボックス２の内部に支持され、粉体供給口３を備えた蓋４に密着される位置まで匣鉢昇降手段５によって持ち上げられた状態で、上方からスクリューフィーダ６によって粉体が供給される。１つの匣鉢１当りの粉体供給量は一定とすることが好ましく、供給経路７の途中にカットゲートなどの定量供給手段を付加することもできる。図１のように粉体は匣鉢１の内部に自然に拡がる。   First, as shown in FIG. 1, powder is supplied to an empty bowl 1 conveyed by an appropriate conveying means (not shown) such as a roller conveyor. The mortar 1 is supported inside the decompression box 2 and lifted by the mortar raising / lowering means 5 to a position where it is in close contact with the lid 4 having the powder supply port 3. Supplied. It is preferable that the amount of powder supplied per one mortar is constant, and a quantitative supply means such as a cut gate can be added in the middle of the supply path 7. As shown in FIG. 1, the powder naturally spreads inside the pot 1.

なお減圧ボックス２の内部の内部に後段の焼成炉の雰囲気ガスと同じガスである窒素ガスを供給しておけば、粉体の供給段階において粉体粒子間の空気が窒素と置換されるため、焼成工程において粉体が酸素と接触する可能性が低下することとなり好ましい。この窒素ガスは炉体との間に循環させて使用することもできる。この実施形態においては粉体に過大な圧力を加えることなく匣鉢1内への充填が行われるので、コンタミネーションの発生が抑制される。また減圧状態で粉体の供給が行われるので、発塵による粉体のロスも抑制される。しかし粉体の種類によっては酸化条件下で焼成を行うものもあり、その場合には減圧ボックス２の内部を単に減圧すればよいことはいうまでもない。   If nitrogen gas, which is the same gas as the atmosphere gas of the subsequent baking furnace, is supplied to the inside of the decompression box 2, the air between the powder particles is replaced with nitrogen in the powder supply stage. The possibility that the powder will come into contact with oxygen in the firing step is reduced, which is preferable. This nitrogen gas can also be used by circulating between it and the furnace body. In this embodiment, since the filling into the mortar 1 is performed without applying excessive pressure to the powder, the occurrence of contamination is suppressed. Further, since powder is supplied in a reduced pressure state, powder loss due to dust generation is also suppressed. However, some powders are fired under oxidizing conditions. In that case, it is needless to say that the inside of the vacuum box 2 is simply decompressed.

次に所定量の粉体が供給された匣鉢１は匣鉢昇降手段５によってローラコンベヤ等の適宜の搬送手段の上に載せられ、図２に示す成形位置まで搬送される。この成形位置で匣鉢１は振動発生器１１を備えた支持台１２の上に載せられる。またこの支持台１２はスプリング１３を備えたベース１４の上に支持され、昇降手段１５によって所定高さまで持ち上げられる。なおこの成形位置にも減圧ボックス２が設けられている。   Next, the mortar 1 to which a predetermined amount of powder is supplied is placed on an appropriate conveying means such as a roller conveyor by the mortar raising / lowering means 5 and conveyed to the molding position shown in FIG. In this molding position, the mortar 1 is placed on a support base 12 having a vibration generator 11. The support 12 is supported on a base 14 having a spring 13 and is lifted up to a predetermined height by an elevating means 15. A decompression box 2 is also provided at this molding position.

匣鉢１の上方には第１の押さえ板１６が押さえ板昇降手段１７によって支持されている。第１の押さえ板１６は匣鉢１の内側寸法よりも僅かに小さいサイズであり、その下面形状は中央部が低く、周縁部が上向きの傾斜面１８である。中央部は完全なフラット形状とするよりも、図示のように僅かな湾曲面としておくことが粉体を移動させ易くなるため好ましい。周縁部の上向きの傾斜面１８が匣鉢１の底面に対してなす角度αは、粉体の安息角以下としておくものとする。   A first pressing plate 16 is supported by the pressing plate lifting / lowering means 17 above the pot 1. The first pressing plate 16 has a size slightly smaller than the inner dimension of the mortar 1, and the lower surface shape of the first pressing plate 16 is an inclined surface 18 having a low center portion and an upward peripheral edge portion. Rather than having a completely flat shape at the center, it is preferable to have a slight curved surface as shown in the figure because the powder can be easily moved. The angle α formed by the upward inclined surface 18 of the peripheral edge with respect to the bottom surface of the bowl 1 is set to be equal to or less than the repose angle of the powder.

図２に示す成形位置まで搬送される間に、振動等の影響で匣鉢１内の粉体表面は図４（Ａ）に示されるようにほぼフラットとなるが、図２に示す成形位置では、第１の押さえ板１６を押さえ板昇降手段１７によって粉体表面に向かって降下させながら、振動発生器１１によって匣鉢１に振動を加える。その周波数は特許文献１に示されるように０．５〜１００Ｈｚとすればよく、粉体の性状（流動性、凝縮性、粒度など）に応じて適宜設定すればよい。   While being transported to the molding position shown in FIG. 2, the surface of the powder in the mortar 1 becomes almost flat as shown in FIG. 4A due to the influence of vibration or the like, but at the molding position shown in FIG. While the first pressing plate 16 is lowered toward the powder surface by the pressing plate lifting / lowering means 17, vibration is applied to the bowl 1 by the vibration generator 11. The frequency may be set to 0.5 to 100 Hz as shown in Patent Document 1, and may be set as appropriate according to the properties of the powder (fluidity, condensability, particle size, etc.).

この振動により粉体は流動可能な状態となるため、周縁部の粉体は最初のレベルよりも上方に移動することができ、第１の押さえ板１６を粉体の最初のレベルよりも低い位置まで降下させれば、粉体表面は図４（Ｂ）のように第１の押さえ板１６の下面形状に沿った形状、すなわち中央が窪んだ形状に成形される。なおこのときに第１の押さえ板１６と匣鉢１との隙間から粉体が漏れることを防止するため、第１の押さえ板１６の周縁部はストレート形状としておくことが好ましい。   Since the powder is allowed to flow by this vibration, the powder at the peripheral edge can move upward from the first level, and the first pressing plate 16 is positioned lower than the first level of the powder. 4B, the powder surface is formed into a shape along the lower surface shape of the first pressing plate 16, that is, a shape in which the center is depressed, as shown in FIG. At this time, in order to prevent the powder from leaking from the gap between the first pressing plate 16 and the mortar 1, it is preferable that the peripheral edge portion of the first pressing plate 16 has a straight shape.

次に第１の押さえ板１６は押さえ板昇降手段１７によって持ち上げられ、匣鉢１はローラコンベヤ等の適宜の搬送手段の上に載せられ、図３に示す加圧位置まで搬送される。第１の押さえ板１６は粉体の表面形状を決定するが特に加圧力を加えるものではない。このため第１の押さえ板１６を持ち上げたときに粉体の形状が崩れる可能性があるが、上記したように周縁部の上向きの傾斜面１８が匣鉢１の底面に対してなす角度αを粉体の安息角以下としておくことにより、表面形状の崩れを防止することができる。   Next, the first presser plate 16 is lifted by the presser plate lifting / lowering means 17, and the mortar 1 is placed on an appropriate transport means such as a roller conveyor and transported to the pressurization position shown in FIG. 3. The first pressing plate 16 determines the surface shape of the powder, but does not particularly apply pressure. For this reason, when the first pressing plate 16 is lifted, the shape of the powder may be collapsed. However, as described above, the angle α formed by the upward inclined surface 18 of the peripheral portion with respect to the bottom surface of the bowl 1 is set. By keeping the angle of repose below the repose angle of the powder, it is possible to prevent the surface shape from collapsing.

図３に示す加圧位置では、減圧ボックス２の内部に第２の押さえ板２１が設けられており、前工程で成形された粉体の表面を圧下する。第２の押さえ板２１はシリンダーのような圧下手段２２に支持されている。またその下面形状は第１の押さえ板１６の下面形状と同一としておくことが好ましい。   In the pressurization position shown in FIG. 3, a second pressing plate 21 is provided inside the decompression box 2, and the surface of the powder formed in the previous step is reduced. The second pressing plate 21 is supported by a reduction means 22 such as a cylinder. Further, the lower surface shape is preferably the same as the lower surface shape of the first pressing plate 16.

図２に示す成形位置に設けられた押さえ板昇降手段１７はそのストロークエンドまで第１の押さえ板１６を降下させる機能を有するものであるが、図３に示す加圧位置に設けられた圧下手段２２は粉体に所定の圧力を加えるためのものである。このため匣鉢１の内部の粉体の表面は図４（Ｃ）のように圧下され、全体が圧密下される。第２の押さえ板２１の下面形状は第１の押さえ板１６の下面形状と同一としておけば、成形された粉体の表面形状を崩すことなく、全体を均等に圧密下することができる。   The presser plate lifting / lowering means 17 provided at the molding position shown in FIG. 2 has a function of lowering the first presser plate 16 to the stroke end. However, the presser means provided at the pressurizing position shown in FIG. 22 is for applying a predetermined pressure to the powder. For this reason, the surface of the powder inside the mortar 1 is crushed as shown in FIG. If the lower surface shape of the second pressing plate 21 is the same as the lower surface shape of the first pressing plate 16, the whole can be uniformly consolidated without breaking the surface shape of the molded powder.

なおこの実施形態では、図２に示す成形位置から図３に示す加圧位置まで匣鉢１を移動させたが、同一位置に第１の押さえ板１６と第２の押さえ板２１とを併設し、同一位置でこれらの2工程を実施することもできる。   In this embodiment, the mortar 1 is moved from the molding position shown in FIG. 2 to the pressurizing position shown in FIG. 3, but the first pressing plate 16 and the second pressing plate 21 are provided at the same position. These two steps can also be performed at the same position.

第２の押さえ板２１を上昇させると匣鉢１の内部には図４（Ｄ）に示されるように中央が窪んだ形状に粉体が圧密化され、この状態のままで焼成炉に搬送されて窒素雰囲気中で焼成される。ハンドリングの都合上、この搬送区間は大気中に開放された空間とされることがあるが、粉体の表面は圧密化されているために空気が侵入しにくく、焼成品質を低下させることもない。   When the second presser plate 21 is raised, the powder is consolidated into a shape in which the center is depressed as shown in FIG. 4 (D) inside the mortar 1 and conveyed to the firing furnace in this state. Baked in a nitrogen atmosphere. For convenience of handling, this conveyance section may be a space open to the atmosphere, but since the surface of the powder is compacted, it is difficult for air to enter and the quality of firing will not be reduced. .

図４（Ｄ）に示されるような断面形状となるように粉体を充填して焼成を行えば、匣鉢１の中央底部にも炉内の熱が伝わり易くなるため、図４（Ａ）のような従来の充填状態で焼成するよりも昇温速度が均等となり、匣鉢１内の場所による粉体の焼成品質のばらつきをなくすることができる。また全体が圧密化されるため、本発明によれば匣鉢1個当りの粉体重量を２０〜３０％増加させることができ、焼成工程の生産性を高めることができる。   If the powder is filled and fired so as to have a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 4D, the heat in the furnace is easily transferred to the center bottom of the mortar 1 as well. Thus, the temperature rise rate becomes more uniform than in the conventional filling state, and the variation in the firing quality of the powder depending on the location in the mortar 1 can be eliminated. Moreover, since the whole is consolidated, according to the present invention, the weight of powder per sagger can be increased by 20 to 30%, and the productivity of the firing process can be increased.

以上に説明したように、本発明によれば、乾燥状態にある粉体を中央部の厚みを薄く、周縁部の厚みを厚くした表面形状として匣鉢の内部に圧密状態で充填することができ、焼成工程の生産性と焼成品質の向上を図ることができる効果がある。   As described above, according to the present invention, the powder in a dry state can be filled into the inside of the sagger in a compacted state as a surface shape with a thin central part and a thick peripheral part. There is an effect that the productivity and quality of the firing process can be improved.

1 匣鉢
２ 減圧ボックス
３ 粉体供給口
４ 蓋
５ 匣鉢昇降手段
６ スクリューフィーダ
７ 供給経路
１１ 振動発生器
１２ 支持台
１３ スプリング
１４ ベース
１５ 昇降手段
１６ 第１の押さえ板
１７ 押さえ板昇降手段
１８ 傾斜面
２１ 第２の押さえ板
２２ 圧下手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bowl 2 Pressure-reducing box 3 Powder supply port 4 Lid 5 Bowl raising / lowering means 6 Screw feeder 7 Supply path 11 Vibration generator 12 Support base 13 Spring 14 Base 15 Lifting means 16 First pressure plate 17 Pressure plate lifting / lowering means 18 Inclined surface 21 Second pressing plate 22 Reduction means

Claims (7)

匣鉢内部に乾燥した粉体を所定量供給したうえ、粉体表面に所定位置まで第１の押え板を降下させながら匣鉢に振動を加えて粉体表面を第１の押さえ板の下面形状に従って中央が窪んだ形状に成形し、次に成形された粉体表面を第２の押さえ板により更に圧下して粉体を圧密化することを特徴とする匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法。   A predetermined amount of dry powder is supplied to the inside of the mortar, and the lower surface of the first pressing plate is formed by applying vibration to the mortar while lowering the first holding plate to a predetermined position on the powder surface. According to the method, the powder is filled into the mortar, wherein the powder is compacted by forming the shape into a concave shape at the center and then further pressing the formed powder surface with a second pressing plate. 粉体の供給、成形、圧密化の各工程を減圧ボックス内で進行させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法。   2. The method for filling powder into a sagger according to claim 1, wherein the steps of supplying, forming, and compacting the powder are advanced in a vacuum box. 減圧ボックス内を焼成炉内と同じガス雰囲気とすることを特徴とする請求項２記載の匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法。   The method for filling powder into the mortar according to claim 2, wherein the inside of the vacuum box is made to have the same gas atmosphere as in the firing furnace. 第１の押さえ板と第２の押さえ板とが同一の下面形状を備えたものとすることを特徴とする請求項１記載の匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法。   The method for filling powder into the mortar according to claim 1, wherein the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate have the same bottom surface shape. 第１の押さえ板と第２の押さえ板との下面形状が、中央部が低く、周縁部が上向きの傾斜面であることを特徴とする請求項４記載の匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法。   5. The method for filling powder into the mortar according to claim 4, wherein the bottom surface shape of the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate is a slanted surface having a low center portion and an upward peripheral edge portion. . 周縁部の上向きの傾斜面が匣鉢の底面に対してなす角度を、粉体の安息角以下としたことを特徴とする請求項５記載の匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法。   The method for filling powder into the mortar according to claim 5, wherein the angle formed by the upward inclined surface of the peripheral portion with respect to the bottom surface of the mortar is less than the repose angle of the powder. 粉体が電子部品の原料粉体であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の匣鉢内部への粉体充填方法。   2. The method for filling powder into the mortar according to claim 1, wherein the powder is a raw material powder for electronic parts.
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