JP5457877B2 - Grease composition for roller type one-way clutch - Google Patents
Grease composition for roller type one-way clutch Download PDFInfo
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- JP5457877B2 JP5457877B2 JP2010037026A JP2010037026A JP5457877B2 JP 5457877 B2 JP5457877 B2 JP 5457877B2 JP 2010037026 A JP2010037026 A JP 2010037026A JP 2010037026 A JP2010037026 A JP 2010037026A JP 5457877 B2 JP5457877 B2 JP 5457877B2
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- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 18
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 urea compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrazinane-3,6-dione Chemical class O=C1NNC(=O)NN1 XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium 12-hydroxystearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005480 straight-chain fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005472 straight-chain saturated fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
本発明はローラー式一方向クラッチ用グリース組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a grease composition for a roller type one-way clutch.
オルタネーター等の自動車用補機、補機駆動装置には、所定方向の駆動力のみを伝達するために、一方向クラッチが使用されており、その潤滑剤としてグリースが使用されている。
一般に一方向クラッチは、内径側部材と、内径側部材の外周に内径側部材と同心に配置された筒状の外径側部材と、それらが一方向(ロック方向)に相対回転することにより、外径側部材と内径側部材との間に噛み込み、他の方向(フリー方向)に相対回転したとき噛み込みを解除する複数の噛み込み部材としてのローラーと、ローラーを噛み込み方向(楔状空間の狭い側)に付勢する付勢部材としてのばねと、ローラーを楔状空間内に位置させる保持器とを備えている。
オルタネーターはエンジンルーム付近で使用され、作動時に高温になることから、一方向クラッチには高い耐熱性が求められてきた。近年は、オルタネーターの高性能化、高出力化が更に進むことで、一方向クラッチの使用条件も厳しくなっており、より回転速度が高く、負荷荷重の高い条件での動作が要求されるようになってきている。高回転速度、高負荷荷重条件下の動作では、一方向クラッチに発生する熱や振動も大きくなることから、一方向クラッチには高温条件下での耐熱性、耐久性がより求められる。
同時に、冬季極寒地での使用に耐えるべく、-30℃以下の極低温下における性能(噛み合い性)の向上も重要視されるようになってきており、幅広い温度範囲での使用が求められる傾向にある。
また、一方向クラッチの材質は一般的に鋼であるため、潤滑剤には防錆性も必須である。
これまでに、例えば、基油として40℃の動粘度が比較的高い合成油を使用して、耐熱性を改善する方法が提案されている(特許文献1)。また例えば、基油として40℃の動粘度が20mm2/s以下の低粘度エステル油を使用して、低温下での噛み合い性を改善する方法が提案されている(特許文献2)。
A one-way clutch is used for an auxiliary machine for an automobile such as an alternator and an auxiliary machine driving device in order to transmit only a driving force in a predetermined direction, and grease is used as a lubricant.
In general, the one-way clutch has an inner diameter side member, a cylindrical outer diameter side member arranged concentrically with the inner diameter side member on the outer periphery of the inner diameter side member, and they relatively rotate in one direction (locking direction). A roller as a plurality of biting members that bite between the outer diameter side member and the inner diameter side member and release the biting when rotating relative to another direction (free direction), and the biting direction of the rollers (wedge-like space) And a retainer for positioning the roller in the wedge-shaped space.
Alternators are used in the vicinity of the engine room and become hot during operation, so high heat resistance has been required for one-way clutches. In recent years, with higher performance and higher output of alternators, the conditions for using one-way clutches have become stricter, so that operation under conditions of higher rotational speed and higher load is required. It has become to. In operation under conditions of high rotational speed and high load load, heat and vibration generated in the one-way clutch also increase, so that the one-way clutch is further required to have heat resistance and durability under high temperature conditions.
At the same time, in order to withstand use in extremely cold regions in winter, improvement in performance (meshability) at extremely low temperatures of -30 ° C or less has also been regarded as important, and there is a tendency for use in a wide temperature range. It is in.
In addition, since the material of the one-way clutch is generally steel, rust prevention is also essential for the lubricant.
So far, for example, a method for improving heat resistance by using a synthetic oil having a relatively high kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. as a base oil has been proposed (Patent Document 1). Further, for example, a method has been proposed in which a low-viscosity ester oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 20 mm 2 / s or less is used as the base oil to improve the meshing property at a low temperature (Patent Document 2).
しかし、一般的に耐熱性と低温下における噛み合い性は相反する性能であるため、同時に解決することは困難である。耐熱性を改善するために基油の動粘度を上げると、低温下でグリースの流動性が低下するため、一方向クラッチのローラーを楔状空間に押し付けることが困難になり、その結果噛み合い性が低下する。
他方、低温下における噛み合い性を改善するために基油の動粘度を下げると、基油の蒸発量が大きくなるため、高温条件下での耐熱性、耐久性が低下する。また、防錆性を付与するために、広く一般的に使用されている金属スルホネートを添加すると、その金属成分により基油の蒸発が促進され、耐熱性は低下する。
従って本発明は、低温下における噛み合い性を向上させながら、高温条件下での耐熱性及び耐久性を改良し、かつ防錆性も有するグリース組成物を提供することを課題とする。
However, since heat resistance and meshing properties at low temperatures are generally contradictory properties, it is difficult to solve them simultaneously. Increasing the kinematic viscosity of the base oil to improve heat resistance reduces the fluidity of the grease at low temperatures, making it difficult to press the roller of the one-way clutch into the wedge-shaped space, resulting in reduced meshing To do.
On the other hand, when the kinematic viscosity of the base oil is lowered in order to improve the meshing property at low temperatures, the amount of evaporation of the base oil increases, so that the heat resistance and durability under high temperature conditions are lowered. Further, when a metal sulfonate that is widely used in general is added in order to impart rust prevention, evaporation of the base oil is promoted by the metal component, and heat resistance is lowered.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a grease composition that improves heat resistance and durability under high temperature conditions and has rust prevention properties while improving meshability at low temperatures.
上記課題に対し、本発明者らが検討した結果、耐熱性と低温性の両方に優れた特定の基油に、増ちょう剤としてウレア化合物を、添加剤としてカルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤とフェノール系酸化防止剤を組み合わせて含ませることで解決した。
即ち、本発明により、以下のグリース組成物を提供する。
1. -40℃での動粘度が9000mm2/s以下であり、流動点が-40℃以下であり、粘度指数が130以上であって、3価のアルコールと直鎖脂肪酸及び分岐脂肪酸とから得られるエステル油をグリース基油とし、
増ちょう剤としてウレア化合物、及び
添加剤としてカルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤およびフェノール系酸化防止剤、
を含有するローラー式一方向クラッチ用グリース組成物。
2. 前記エステル油の40℃での動粘度が15〜35mm2/sであり、100℃での動粘度が4.0〜6.4mm2/sである、前記1項に記載のローラー式一方向クラッチ用グリース組成物。
3. 前記ウレア化合物が下記一般式(I)で表される、前記1又は2項記載のローラー式一方向クラッチ用グリース組成物。
R1−NHCONH−R2−NHCONH−R3 ・・・(I)
(式中、R2は炭素数6〜15の2価の芳香族炭化水素、R1およびR3は同一または異なる基であり、シクロヘキシル基又は炭素数8〜22の直鎖若しくは分岐アルキル基を示す。)
4. 前記エステル油が、トリメチロールプロパンと、炭素数6〜12の直鎖脂肪酸並びに炭素数16の分岐脂肪酸及び/又は炭素数18の分岐脂肪酸とから得られる、前記1〜3のいずれか1項記載のローラー式一方向クラッチ用グリース組成物。
5. 前記エステル油の直鎖脂肪酸と分岐脂肪酸との重量比(直鎖脂肪酸/分岐脂肪酸)が60/40〜95/5である、前記1〜4のいずれか1項記載のローラー式一方向クラッチ用グリース組成物。
As a result of the study by the present inventors on the above problems, a urea compound as a thickener and a calcium sulfonate anticorrosive and a phenol as additives are added to a specific base oil excellent in both heat resistance and low temperature. It was solved by including a combination of antioxidants.
That is, according to the present invention, the following grease composition is provided.
1. The kinematic viscosity at -40 ° C is 9000mm 2 / s or less, the pour point is -40 ° C or less, the viscosity index is 130 or more, and it is obtained from trivalent alcohol, linear fatty acid and branched fatty acid. Use ester oil as grease base oil,
Urea compounds as thickeners, calcium sulfonate rust inhibitors and phenolic antioxidants as additives,
A grease composition for roller-type one-way clutches.
2. 2. The roller type one-way clutch grease according to item 1, wherein the ester oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 15 to 35 mm 2 / s and a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of 4.0 to 6.4 mm 2 / s. Composition.
3. The grease composition for a roller type one-way clutch according to 1 or 2, wherein the urea compound is represented by the following general formula (I).
R1-NHCONH-R2-NHCONH-R3 (I)
(In the formula, R2 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, R1 and R3 are the same or different groups, and represent a cyclohexyl group or a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.)
4). Any one of said 1-3 the said ester oil is obtained from a trimethylol propane, a C6-C12 linear fatty acid, a C16 branched fatty acid, and / or a C18 branched fatty acid. Grease composition for roller type one-way clutch.
5. The roller type one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ester oil has a weight ratio of linear fatty acid to branched fatty acid (linear fatty acid / branched fatty acid) of 60/40 to 95/5. Grease composition.
本発明によれば、低温下における噛み合い性を向上させながら、高温条件下での耐熱性及び耐久性を改良し、かつ防錆性も有するグリース組成物を提供することができる。
低温での動粘度が低く、流動点も低い基油を使用することで、低温下でのグリース組成物の流動性が低下しないため、本発明のグリース組成物は、低温下での噛み合い性に優れる。特に、トリメチロールプロパンエステルは高温での蒸発量が少なく耐熱性に優れるとともに、基油の粘度指数が高く、高温下でも高い動粘度を維持できるので耐久性にも優れる。同時に増ちょう剤としてウレア化合物を使用することで、更に耐久性・耐熱性に優れる。加えて、カルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤とフェノール系酸化防止剤を併用することで、防錆性と耐熱性を両立した。
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while improving the meshing property under low temperature, the heat resistance and durability on high temperature conditions can be improved, and the grease composition which also has rust prevention property can be provided.
By using a base oil having a low kinematic viscosity at a low temperature and a low pour point, the fluidity of the grease composition at low temperatures does not decrease, so that the grease composition of the present invention has good meshing properties at low temperatures. Excellent. In particular, trimethylolpropane ester has a small amount of evaporation at high temperature and excellent heat resistance, and has a high viscosity index of the base oil, and can maintain a high kinematic viscosity even at high temperature, and therefore has excellent durability. At the same time, the use of a urea compound as a thickener further improves durability and heat resistance. In addition, by using a calcium sulfonate anticorrosive and a phenolic antioxidant together, both antirust and heat resistance are achieved.
〔基油〕
本発明で用いる基油は、-40℃での動粘度が9000mm2/s以下であり、流動点が-40℃以下であり、粘度指数が130以上である、3価のアルコールと直鎖脂肪酸及び分岐脂肪酸とから得られるエステル油である。
-40℃での動粘度が9000mm2/s以下であれば、低温下でグリースの流動性の低下が小さいので、噛み合い性を保持することが出来る。尚、-40℃での動粘度は JIS K 2283に規定の方法に従って測定したときの値である。
流動点が-40℃以下であれば、グリース組成物の低温での流動性を高めることができる。-45℃以下であるのが好ましく、-50℃以下であるのがより好ましい。尚、流動点は、JIS K 2269に規定の方法に従って測定したときの値である。
粘度指数が130以上であると、高温での潤滑性を高めることができる。135以上であるのが好ましく、140以上であるのがより好ましく、145以上であるのが更に好ましい。尚、粘度指数は、JIS K 2283に規定の方法に従って算出したときの値である。
更に好ましくは、40℃での動粘度が15〜35mm2/sであり、かつ100℃での動粘度が4.0〜6.4mm2/sである基油である。なお、40℃及び100℃での動粘度がこのような範囲にあると、低温での流動性を高め、高温での安定な潤滑性を確保できるので好ましい。尚、40℃及び100℃における動粘度は、JIS K 2283に規定の方法に従って測定したときの値である。
[Base oil]
The base oil used in the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at −40 ° C. of 9000 mm 2 / s or less, a pour point of −40 ° C. or less, and a viscosity index of 130 or more, a trivalent alcohol and a linear fatty acid And ester oils obtained from branched fatty acids.
If the kinematic viscosity at −40 ° C. is 9000 mm 2 / s or less, the decrease in grease fluidity is small at low temperatures, so that the meshing property can be maintained. The kinematic viscosity at -40 ° C is a value measured according to the method specified in JIS K 2283.
If the pour point is −40 ° C. or lower, the fluidity of the grease composition at low temperatures can be improved. It is preferably −45 ° C. or lower, and more preferably −50 ° C. or lower. The pour point is a value measured according to the method specified in JIS K 2269.
When the viscosity index is 130 or more, lubricity at high temperatures can be improved. It is preferably 135 or more, more preferably 140 or more, and further preferably 145 or more. The viscosity index is a value calculated according to the method specified in JIS K 2283.
More preferably, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 15 to 35 mm 2 / s and a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of 4.0 to 6.4 mm 2 / s. In addition, it is preferable that the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. and 100 ° C. is in such a range because the fluidity at low temperature can be improved and the stable lubricity at high temperature can be secured. The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. and 100 ° C. is a value when measured according to the method specified in JIS K 2283.
本発明で用いる基油を構成する3価のアルコールは、炭素数3〜7の3価アルコールであるのが好ましい。特に好ましくはトリメチロールプロパンである。
本発明で用いる基油を構成する直鎖脂肪酸は、炭素数6〜12の直鎖脂肪酸であるのが好ましく、炭素数6〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸であるのがより好ましい。
本発明で用いる基油を構成する分岐脂肪酸は、炭素数10〜22、好ましくは16〜18の分岐飽和脂肪酸であるのが好ましい。
特に好ましい基油は、トリメチロールプロパンと、炭素数6〜12の直鎖脂肪酸並びに炭素数16の分岐脂肪酸及び/又は炭素数18の分岐脂肪酸とから得られるエステル油である。更に特に、トリメチロールプロパンと、炭素数6〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸並びに炭素数16の分岐脂肪酸及び炭素数18の分岐脂肪酸とから得られるエステル油が好ましい。
とりわけ、直鎖脂肪酸と分岐脂肪酸との重量比(直鎖脂肪酸/分岐脂肪酸)が60/40〜95/5、好ましくは65/35〜90/10、より好ましくは70/30〜90/10、さらに好ましくは75/25〜90/10であるエステルであるのが好ましい。
The trivalent alcohol constituting the base oil used in the present invention is preferably a trivalent alcohol having 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred is trimethylolpropane.
The linear fatty acid constituting the base oil used in the present invention is preferably a linear fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a linear saturated fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
The branched fatty acid constituting the base oil used in the present invention is preferably a branched saturated fatty acid having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
Particularly preferred base oils are ester oils obtained from trimethylolpropane, straight chain fatty acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, branched fatty acids having 16 carbon atoms and / or branched fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms. More particularly, ester oils obtained from trimethylolpropane, straight-chain saturated fatty acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, branched fatty acids having 16 carbon atoms and branched fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms are preferred.
In particular, the weight ratio of linear fatty acid to branched fatty acid (linear fatty acid / branched fatty acid) is 60/40 to 95/5, preferably 65/35 to 90/10, more preferably 70/30 to 90/10, More preferably, the ester is 75/25 to 90/10.
〔増ちょう剤〕
増ちょう剤としてはウレア化合物が使用可能である。ウレア化合物は、Li石けんやLiコンプレックスに代表される石けん系増ちょう剤に比べ、耐熱性に優れる。
ウレア化合物の中でも、芳香族ウレアはせん断安定性に優れるが、流動性(特に低温時)に劣り、脂肪族ウレアはせん断安定性に劣るが、流動性に優れる。脂環式ウレアはそれらの中間の性能を示し、せん断安定性と流動性のバランスが良い。
本発明で用いる増ちょう剤としては流動性が特に重要であることから、ジイソシアネートとモノアミンの反応によって得られる下記一般式(I)のウレア化合物が好ましい。
R1−NHCONH−R2−NHCONH−R3 ・・・(I)
式中、R2は炭素数6〜15の2価の芳香族炭化水素である。R1およびR3は同一または異なる基であり、シクロヘキシル基又は炭素数8〜22の直鎖若しくは分岐アルキル基を示す。
式(I)の化合物は、単独で用いても、二種以上を混合して用いても良いが、二種以上の混合物として使用するのが好ましい。該混合物が、式(I)中、R1およびR3のいずれか一方がシクロヘキシル基であり、他方がシクロヘキシル基又は炭素数8〜22の直鎖もしくは分岐アルキル基を示す化合物を含むのが好ましい。
本発明で用いるジウレア化合物としては、特に、式(I)中、R1及びR3が共にC16〜20アルキル基であるジウレア化合物と、R1及びR3が共にシクロヘキシル基であるジウレア化合物と、R1がC16〜20アルキル基であり、R3がシクロヘキシル基であるジウレア化合物との混合物が好ましい。更に特に、式(I)中、R1及びR3が共にC18アルキル基であり、R2が-C6H4-CH2-C6H4-であるジウレア化合物と、R1及びR3が共にシクロヘキシル基でありR2が-C6H4-CH2-C6H4-であるジウレア化合物と、R1がC18アルキル基であり、R3がシクロヘキシル基であり、R2が-C6H4-CH2-C6H4-であるジウレア化合物との混合物が好ましい。
上記ジイソシアネートとしては、ジフェニルメタン-4,4‘-ジイソシアネート、フェニレンジイソシアネート、トリレンジイソシアネート等が挙げられる。
上記モノアミンは、脂環式モノアミンとしてシクロヘキシルアミン、脂肪族モノアミンとしてオクチルアミン、ステアリルアミン、ドデシルアミン、ヘキサデシルアミン等が挙げられる。
増ちょう剤の含有量は、グリース組成物のちょう度を通常200〜400程度に調整するのに必要な量であり、グリース組成物の全質量に対して、好ましくは5〜30質量%、更に好ましくは10〜20質量%である。
[Thickener]
A urea compound can be used as the thickener. Urea compounds are superior in heat resistance compared to soap thickeners represented by Li soap and Li complex.
Among urea compounds, aromatic urea is excellent in shear stability, but poor in fluidity (particularly at low temperatures), and aliphatic urea is inferior in shear stability but excellent in fluidity. Alicyclic ureas exhibit intermediate performance between them, and have a good balance between shear stability and fluidity.
As the thickener used in the present invention, since fluidity is particularly important, a urea compound represented by the following general formula (I) obtained by the reaction of diisocyanate and monoamine is preferable.
R1-NHCONH-R2-NHCONH-R3 (I)
In the formula, R2 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 15 carbon atoms. R1 and R3 are the same or different groups and represent a cyclohexyl group or a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
Although the compound of Formula (I) may be used independently or may be used in mixture of 2 or more types, it is preferable to use it as a mixture of 2 or more types. The mixture preferably contains a compound represented by the formula (I), wherein either R1 or R3 is a cyclohexyl group, and the other is a cyclohexyl group or a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
As the diurea compound used in the present invention, in particular, in formula (I), R1 and R3 are both a C16-20 alkyl group, a diurea compound in which both R1 and R3 are cyclohexyl groups, and R1 is C16- A mixture with a diurea compound which is a 20 alkyl group and R3 is a cyclohexyl group is preferred. More particularly, in formula (I), R1 and R3 are both C18 alkyl groups, R2 is —C 6 H 4 —CH 2 —C 6 H 4 —, and R1 and R3 are both cyclohexyl groups. A diurea compound in which R2 is —C 6 H 4 —CH 2 —C 6 H 4 —, R1 is a C18 alkyl group, R3 is a cyclohexyl group, and R2 is —C 6 H 4 —CH 2 —C Preference is given to mixtures with diurea compounds which are 6 H 4 —.
Examples of the diisocyanate include diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, and tolylene diisocyanate.
Examples of the monoamine include cyclohexylamine as the alicyclic monoamine, octylamine, stearylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine and the like as the aliphatic monoamine.
The content of the thickening agent is an amount necessary for adjusting the consistency of the grease composition to about 200 to 400, preferably 5 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 30% by mass based on the total mass of the grease composition. Preferably it is 10-20 mass%.
〔添加剤〕
本発明のグリース組成物は、防錆剤としてカルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤を含む。広く一般的に防錆剤として使用されている金属スルホネートの中でも、カルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤は、バリウムスルホネート系防錆剤などに比べ耐熱性に優れる。
カルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤の含有量は、グリース組成物の全質量に対して、好ましくは0.1〜10質量%、更に好ましくは0.5〜3質量%である。0.1質量%未満では効果が少なく、10質量%を超えても効果が飽和して不経済である。
本発明のグリース組成物は、酸化防止剤としてフェノール系酸化防止剤を含む。フェノール系酸化防止剤は、アミン系酸化防止剤に比べて蒸発量がより抑制され、耐熱性に優れる。
フェノール系酸化防止剤の含有量は、グリース組成物の全質量に対して、好ましくは0.1〜10質量%、更に好ましくは0.5〜3質量%である。0.1質量%未満では効果が少なく、10質量%を超えても効果が飽和して不経済である。
〔任意成分〕
本発明の組成物は、更に、清浄分散剤、腐食防止剤、消泡剤、カルシウムスルホネート以外の防錆剤、耐荷重添加剤、フェノール系酸化防止剤以外の酸化防止剤などを必要に応じて含有することができる。これらの成分の使用量は、通常0.1〜20質量%程度、好ましくは0.5〜10質量%である。
〔Additive〕
The grease composition of the present invention contains a calcium sulfonate anticorrosive as a rust inhibitor. Among metal sulfonates that are widely used as rust inhibitors, calcium sulfonate rust inhibitors are superior in heat resistance compared to barium sulfonate rust inhibitors.
The content of the calcium sulfonate anticorrosive is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 3% by mass, based on the total mass of the grease composition. If it is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 10% by mass, the effect is saturated and uneconomical.
The grease composition of the present invention contains a phenolic antioxidant as an antioxidant. Phenol-based antioxidants are more resistant to evaporation and have better heat resistance than amine-based antioxidants.
The content of the phenolic antioxidant is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 3% by mass, based on the total mass of the grease composition. If it is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 10% by mass, the effect is saturated and uneconomical.
[Optional ingredients]
The composition of the present invention may further contain a cleaning dispersant, a corrosion inhibitor, an antifoaming agent, a rust inhibitor other than calcium sulfonate, a load-bearing additive, an antioxidant other than a phenolic antioxidant, and the like as necessary. Can be contained. The usage-amount of these components is about 0.1-20 mass% normally, Preferably it is 0.5-10 mass%.
〔実施例1及び比較例2−9〕
基油中で芳香族ジイソシアネート(ジフェニルメタン−4,4’−ジイソシアネート)に所定量のアミン(シクロヘキシルアミン、ステアリルアミン(シクロヘキシルアミンのモル数:ステアリルアミンのモル数=7:1))を反応させ、混和ちょう度が280(JIS K2220.7)になるように基油で希釈してベースグリースを調製した。このグリースに添加剤として防錆剤及び酸化防止剤を加え、実施例1及び比較例2〜9のグリース組成物を調製した。
〔比較例1〕
基油に12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウムを加え、攪拌しながら210℃まで加熱した。加熱後、160℃まで冷却し、混和ちょう度が280(JIS K2220.7)になるように基油で希釈しながら100℃以下まで冷却し、ベースグリースを調製した。このグリースに添加剤として防錆剤及び酸化防止剤を加え、比較例1のグリース組成物を調製した。
なお、実施例及び比較例で使用した基油、防錆剤及び酸化防止剤は以下の通りである。
[Example 1 and Comparative Example 2-9]
A predetermined amount of amine (cyclohexylamine, stearylamine (moles of cyclohexylamine: moles of stearylamine = 7: 1)) is reacted with aromatic diisocyanate (diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate) in the base oil, A base grease was prepared by diluting with a base oil so that the blending consistency was 280 (JIS K2220.7). A rust inhibitor and an antioxidant were added as additives to the grease to prepare grease compositions of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2-9.
[Comparative Example 1]
Lithium 12-hydroxystearate was added to the base oil and heated to 210 ° C. with stirring. After heating, the mixture was cooled to 160 ° C., and cooled to 100 ° C. or lower while diluting with a base oil so that the blending consistency was 280 (JIS K2220.7) to prepare a base grease. A rust inhibitor and an antioxidant were added as additives to the grease to prepare a grease composition of Comparative Example 1.
In addition, the base oil, the rust preventive agent, and antioxidant which were used by the Example and the comparative example are as follows.
防錆剤
カルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤
バリウムスルホネート系防錆剤(比較用)
酸化防止剤
フェノール系酸化防止剤
アミン系酸化防止剤(比較用)
Antirust agent Calcium sulfonate anticorrosion agent Barium sulfonate antirust agent (for comparison)
Antioxidant Phenolic antioxidant Amine antioxidant (for comparison)
<試験方法>
1.耐熱性評価
(1)高温薄膜試験
60×80×1mmのSPCC鋼板にグリースを2mm厚で塗布し、150℃×500h後の蒸発量とちょう度変化を測定した。
(ちょう度変化評価基準)
-50≦○≦+50
-100≦△<-50、+50<△≦+100
×<-100、+100<×
(蒸発量評価基準)
○≦8.0 mass%
8.0 mass% <△≦15.0 mass%
15.0 mass% <×
<Test method>
1. Evaluation of heat resistance (1) High temperature thin film test
Grease was applied to a 60 × 80 × 1 mm SPCC steel plate with a thickness of 2 mm, and the amount of evaporation and consistency change after 150 ° C. × 500 h were measured.
(Evaluation criteria for consistency change)
-50 ≦ ○ ≦ + 50
-100 ≦ △ <-50, +50 <△ ≦ + 100
× <-100, +100 <×
(Evaporation amount evaluation standard)
○ ≦ 8.0 mass%
8.0 mass% <△ ≦ 15.0 mass%
15.0 mass% <×
(2)ロール安定度
ASTM D 1831に準拠した試験方法で、120℃×24h後のちょう度変化を測定した。
(評価基準)
○≦+30
+30<△≦+60
+60<×
(2) Roll stability
The change in consistency after 120 ° C. × 24 h was measured by a test method based on ASTM D 1831.
(Evaluation criteria)
○ ≦ + 30
+30 <△ ≦ + 60
+60 <×
2.低温性評価
動粘度(JIS K 2283)で-40℃の基油動粘度を測定した。
(評価基準)
○≦9000 mm2/s
9000 mm2/s <×
2. Evaluation of low temperature The base oil kinematic viscosity at -40 ° C. was measured by kinematic viscosity (JIS K 2283).
(Evaluation criteria)
○ ≦ 9000 mm 2 / s
9000 mm 2 / s <×
3.防錆性評価
軸受防錆試験(ASTM D 1743-73)で、52℃×48h後の発錆の有無を確認した。
(評価基準)
○:発錆なし
×:発錆あり
3. Evaluation of rust prevention In the bearing rust prevention test (ASTM D 1743-73), the presence or absence of rusting after 52 ° C x 48h was confirmed.
(Evaluation criteria)
○: No rusting ×: Rusting
なお、基油の40℃及び100℃における動粘度はJIS K 2283に基づき測定した。基油の流動点は、JIS K 2269に基づき測定した。
本件の実施例1の組成物は、高温薄膜試験後の蒸発量、ちょう度変化および高温でのロール安定度が小さく、耐久性・耐熱性に優れる。同時に、-40℃の基油動粘度が小さく、低温性にも優れる。また、防錆性も良好である。
The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. and 100 ° C. of the base oil was measured based on JIS K 2283. The pour point of the base oil was measured based on JIS K 2269.
The composition of Example 1 of the present case has low durability, heat resistance, low evaporation amount after high temperature thin film test, consistency change, and roll stability at high temperature, and is excellent in durability and heat resistance. At the same time, the base oil kinematic viscosity at -40 ° C is small, and it has excellent low temperature properties. Moreover, antirust property is also favorable.
Claims (5)
増ちょう剤としてウレア化合物、及び
添加剤としてカルシウムスルホネート系防錆剤およびフェノール系酸化防止剤、
を含有するローラー式一方向クラッチ用グリース組成物。 The kinematic viscosity at -40 ° C is 9000mm 2 / s or less, the pour point is -40 ° C or less, the viscosity index is 130 or more, and it is obtained from trivalent alcohol, linear fatty acid and branched fatty acid. Use ester oil as grease base oil,
Urea compounds as thickeners, calcium sulfonate rust inhibitors and phenolic antioxidants as additives,
A grease composition for roller-type one-way clutches.
R1−NHCONH−R2−NHCONH−R3 ・・・(I)
(式中、R2は炭素数6〜15の2価の芳香族炭化水素であり、R1およびR3は同一または異なる基であり、シクロヘキシル基又は炭素数8〜22の直鎖若しくは分岐アルキル基を示す。) The grease composition for a roller type one-way clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the urea compound is represented by the following general formula (I).
R1-NHCONH-R2-NHCONH-R3 (I)
(In the formula, R2 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, R1 and R3 are the same or different groups, and represent a cyclohexyl group or a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. .)
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