JP5456955B2 - Aタイプのプロシアニジンを含有する組成物およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
Aタイプのプロシアニジンを含有する組成物およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5456955B2 JP5456955B2 JP2006551611A JP2006551611A JP5456955B2 JP 5456955 B2 JP5456955 B2 JP 5456955B2 JP 2006551611 A JP2006551611 A JP 2006551611A JP 2006551611 A JP2006551611 A JP 2006551611A JP 5456955 B2 JP5456955 B2 JP 5456955B2
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- procyanidins
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- cocoa
- dimer
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Description
(i) この単量体ユニットは、フラバン間の結合4→6および/または4→8により連結されている、
(ii) 単量体ユニットの少なくとも2つが、Aタイプのフラバン間の結合(4→8;2→O→7)または(4→6;2→O→7)によりさらに連結されている、
(iii) nは2から12である。
本願に記載されたどの化合物を、ここに記載した方法を実施するために用いてもよい。実施例3に示したように、Aタイプのプロシアニジンは、NOプールの維持を補助する内皮細胞における一酸化窒素(NO)経路に影響を与える。理論により拘束することを意図するものではなく、NOプールは、NO合成を誘発しおよび/またはNO分解を減少させることによって維持される。前記化合物は、収縮した血管を弛緩させる。それらの化合物は、実施例4に示したように、抗血小板療法に用いてもよい。
または薬剤的に許容されるその塩または誘導体、
を効果的な量で投与することによって、治療または予防する方法であって、
ここで、
(i) この単量体ユニットは、フラバン間の結合4→6および/または4→8により連結されており、
(ii) 単量体ユニットの少なくとも2つが、Aタイプのフラバン間の結合(4→8;2→O→7)または(4→6;2→O→7)によりさらに連結されており、
(iii) nは2から12であり、
検体がヒトまたは家畜動物である方法に関する。
または薬剤的に許容されるその塩または誘導体、を効果的な量で投与することによって、治療する方法であって、
ここで、
(i) この単量体ユニットは、フラバン間の結合4→6および/または4→8により連結されており、
(ii) 単量体ユニットの少なくとも2つが、Aタイプのフラバン間の結合(4→8;2→O→7)または(4→6;2→O→7)によりさらに連結されており、
(iii) nは2から12であり、
検体がヒトまたは家畜動物である方法。
本発明の化合物は、製薬、食品、食品添加物または栄養補助食品として投与してもよい。
抽出
微細に粉砕したピーナッツの皮(498g)をヘキサンで脱脂した(2000mlで2回)。周囲温度で5分間、3500rpmの遠心分離によりヘキサンを除去して、捨てた。残留したヘキサンを、一晩で蒸発させた。翌日、脱脂したピーナッツの皮を2時間に亘り周囲温度でアセトン:水:酢酸(70:29.5:0.5v/v/v)により抽出した(2000mlで2回)。抽出物を遠心分離により回収した(周囲温度で5分間、3500rpm)。分圧下で回転蒸発により有機溶媒を除去した(40℃)。抽出溶媒の水性部分を凍結乾燥により除去して、褐色−赤色の殻の固い固体を得た(51.36g)。
上述したように得た粗製ピーナッツ皮抽出物(24g)を70%のメタノール(150ml)中に溶解させ、1時間に亘り冷蔵し、3秒間に亘り渦流にかけ、次いで、室温で5分間に亘り3500rpmで遠心分離した。メタノール中で予め膨潤させたSephadex LH−20(400g)を収容する大きなカラムの頂上に上清を装填した。カラムを10mL/分の流量で100%メタノールにより定組成で溶離した。それぞれ250mLの29の分画を収集し、全部で8つの分画(i〜viii)を得るために、NP−HPLC(Adamson et al., J.Ag.Food Chem.,47:4184-4188,1999)により決定された組成にしたがって組み合わせた。分画iはモノマーのエピカテキンとカテキンを含有し、分画ii〜viiはダイマー、トリマーまたはそれらの混合物を含有した。分画v(1.8g)およびvii(2.7g)は、それぞれ、ダイマーとトリマーを優位に含有し、これらをさらなる精製のために選択した。
分画v(1.8g)を20%メタノール中0.1%の酢酸中に溶解させた(40mg/ml)。勾配条件下Hypersil ODS(250×23mm)で分離を行った。移動相は、水中0.1%の酢酸(移動相A)およびメタノール中0.1%の酢酸(移動相B)からなった。勾配条件は、0〜10分で20%のBの定組成、10〜60分で20〜40%のBの線形勾配、60〜65分で40〜100%のBの線形勾配であった。分離は、280nmでモニタした。いくつかの分取分離から等しい保持時間による分画を組み合わせ、不完全真空下において40℃で回転蒸発させ、凍結乾燥した。5つの分画(a〜e)を得た。分画dおよびeは、それぞれ、ダイマーA1およびA2として、LCMSにより特徴付けられた。A1およびA2ダイマー以外に、4つの異なるダイマーがピーナッツの皮から以前に単離された(Lou et al.,Phytochemistry 51,297-308,1999)。
プロシアニジンを以下のように定量した:市販の(−)−エピカテキン、およびHammerstone,J.F.et al.,J.Ag.Food Chem.;1999;47(10)490-496; Lazarus,S.A. et al.,J.Ag.food Chem.;1999;47(9);3693-3701;およびAdamson,G.E.et al.,J.Ag.Food Chem.;1999;47(10)4184-4188に記載された方法により精製された状態で得たダイマーからデカマーを用いて、複合体標準物を製造した。これらの化合物を用いた標準原液を、先に引用したAdamsonの文献に記載された順相HPLC法を用いて分析し、それぞれ、276nmおよび316nmの励起波長および発光波長で蛍光を検出した。ピークをグループ化し、それらの面積を、オリゴマーの任意の一群内の全ての異性体からの寄与を含むように合計し、二次適合(fit)を用いて校正曲線を作成した。モノマーと小さなオリゴマーはほとんど線形のプロットを有した。これは、モノマー基準の校正曲線およびダイマー基準の校正曲線を作成するための線形回帰の先の使用と一致する。
実施例1に記載したように得た化合物を、それぞれ、インビトロの無血清ヒト臍静脈内皮細胞(HUVEC)培養系および半ビボのウサギ大動脈環モデルを用いて、一酸化窒素(NO)生成および血管弛緩へのそれらの効果について調査した。内皮細胞によるNO生成および予め収縮させた大動脈環の弛緩は、試験化合物の心血管効果を評価するための2つの主要なマーカーである。
単独のドナーから得られたHUVECを、必須成長因子、栄養素およびミネラルが補給された無血清の低タンパク質(0.5g/l)無抗生物質細胞培養培地内で培養した。培養した細胞は、内皮マーカーを発現し(フォン・ウィルブランド因子、CD31抗原、Dil−Ac−LDLの摂取)、群集に増殖したときに、典型的な「栗石モルホロジー」を示した。細胞培養培地を、アポ−トランスフェリン、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ、およびカタラーゼと交換して、それらの自己酸化媒介過酸化水素成形を含む試験化合物の二次効果を排除した。
Aタイプのプロシアニジンの内皮細胞依存性弛緩への効果を、Karim et al.,J.Nutrl Supple.,130(8S):2105S-2108S(2000)により先に記載されたように行った半ビボ実験で試験した。その関連部分をここに引用する。この方法を使用することの利点は、この方法が機能的心血管終点を評価することである。この方法は、急な出来事のみを評価できるものであり、薬物誘発タンパク質発現/活性の同定はできない。
A1ダイマー[A1D]の血小板凝集は、血小板計数技法、およびフローサイトメトリーによる血小板/単球複合体(P/M)および血小板/好中球複合体(P/N)の形成を用いて測定した。後の実験において、白血球に関連する血小板の活性化状態(CD62P)と、白血球自体の活性化状態(CD11b)も測定した。
A1ダイマー[A1D]をエタノール中に溶解させた。一旦溶液になったら、生理食塩水によるさらなる希釈も可能であった。ヒルジン(Revasc(商標))をノバルティス(Novartis)社(スイス国、バーゼル)から得て、−20℃でガラスの水薬瓶内で生理食塩水中5mg/mlの溶液として貯蔵した。コラーゲン(Nycomed)はアクシス・シールド・ダイアグノスティクス(Axis Shield Diagnostics)(英国、ダンディー)からのものであった。濃縮物は、製造業者により供給された等張性グルコース緩衝液を用いて原液(1mg/ml)から調製した。アスピリン(アセチルサリチル酸−ASA)、アデノシン二リン酸(ADP)、血小板活性化因子(PAF)、アラキドン酸(AA)およびエピネフリンはシグマ(Sigma)社からのものであった。固定液は、0.16%w/vのホルムアルデヒドを含有する140mMのNaCl、4.6mMのNa2EDTA、4.5mMのNa2HPO4、および1.6mMのKH2PO4、pH7.4からなるものであった。
血液は、過去10日間にアスピリンやNSAIDSを摂取していない健康な志願者から得た。この血液を、ヒルジン(最終濃度50μg/ml)および少量の調査中のフラバノールまたは対照としてのエタノールを含有した目盛り付きポリスチレン管中に分配した。血液中のエタノールの最終濃度は常に0.3%であった。ある実験において、アスピリン(ASA)または対照としての生理食塩水も管中に含んでいた。次いで、管に蓋をし、三回逆さまにして、確実に適切な混合を行い、次いで、実験を行う前に30分間に亘り37℃でMSA内に配置した。その間、血液は静置されていた。さらに別の血液試料を、抗凝血剤としてK2EDTAを含有した市販の真空採血管(Vacutainer(登録商標))中に採取した。
30分間の前保温後、血液のアリコート(480μl)を、それぞれ撹拌棒が入れられた小さなポリスチレン管中に分配し、MSAにおいて2分間に亘り撹拌した。2分後、それらの管に作用薬またはビヒクル対照の溶液(20μl)を加えた。次いで、これらの10分までMSAにおいて撹拌し、その時点で、1:2の比率(v/v)で固定液と少量の副試料と混合することによって、血小板凝集体を固定した。固定試料中の血小板計数は、UltraFlo−100全血血小板計数器を用いて決定した。血小板凝集は、EDTA試料の血小板計数に関して単独の血小板の損失パーセントとして計算した。
血小板−白血球複合体の形成は、血小板凝集を測定するのに用いたのと同じ撹拌試料中で測定した。副試料を、作用薬を添加してから4分後または10分後に採取し、適切な抗体または抗体の混合物中に移した。次いで、これらを20分以上に亘り室温で暗所においてインキュベーションした。赤血球溶解および洗浄工程の後、細胞懸濁液をFACScanまたはLSRIIフローサイトメータのいずれかに適用した。白血球は、線形増幅により得られた前方散乱(細胞サイズ)および側方散乱(細胞の粒度)プロファイルのドットプロットから論理ゲイティングにより同定した。単球は、それらの前方散乱−側方散乱プロファイルおよびCD14(PE)陽性率により同定した。一方で、好中球は、同じように同定したが、CD14発現については陰性であった。白血球個体群を同定するために、「パン(pan)」白血球マーカーであるCD45(perCP)も用いた。蛍光パラメータは、対数増幅により得た。血小板単球(P/M)および血小板好中球(P/N)複合体は、単球個体群(P/Mmf)または好中球個体群(P/Nmf)のメジアンCD42a(FITC)蛍光として定量した。白血球の活性化は、CD11b(AlexaFluor647)発現(単球についてはCD11b−Mおよび好中球についてはCD11b−N)により測定した。血小板の活性化(P−セレクチン発現)は、(P/MにはCD62P−MおよびP/NにはCD62P−N)として白血球に関連する血小板のCD62P(PE)陽性率により測定した。
凝集、P/MおよびP/NへのA1ダイマーの効果
血液を3人の異なる志願者から得て、血小板凝集および血小板/白血球複合体の形成は、コラーゲン(0、0.125、0.25および0.5μg/ml)に対して測定した。これらの実験において、アスピリンは100μMの濃度で使用し、A1ダイマーは0.3mMの濃度で使用した。凝集は、作用薬の添加から4分後と10分後に測定し、血小板/白血球複合体は、10分後にだけ形成した。
血液を3人の異なる志願者から得て、血小板凝集(4分)および血小板/白血球複合体の形成(10分)は、コラーゲン(0、0.125、0.25および0.5μg/ml)に対して測定した。これと同時に、複合体における血小板および白血球の活性化は、CD62PおよびCD11b抗体によるインキュベーションにより測定した。これらの実験において、アスピリンは100μMの濃度で使用し、A1ダイマーは0.3mMの濃度で使用した。これらの結果が図3に示されている(Aタイプのプロシアニジン以外の特定の化合物もこれらの実験において試験したが、それらはここでの議論には関係ないので、特定しなかった)。以前のとおり、3つのコラーゲン濃度全てについての全ての結果を含め、平均を計算する(±sem、n=9)ことにより、分析を行った。
Claims (3)
- (a)高血圧症、心疾患、冠動脈疾患、血管循環障害および/または腎臓病;
(b) 心臓発作、脳梗塞、鬱血性心不全および/または腎不全のリスクがある患者;または
(c) 糖尿病、肥満症、高コレステロールレベルおよび/または喫煙のうちのいずれかと組み合わせて高血圧を患っている患者;
を治療するための薬剤であって、
該薬剤が、
(i)以下の化学式
(ii)以下の化学式
(iii)以下の化学式
から選択されるAタイプのプロシアニジンを有効成分として含み、
前記Aタイプのプロシアニジンの誘導体が、エステルであるか、モノ−またはジ−糖類部分とのエーテルを含むか、またはプロシアニジンのグリコシル化、硫酸化、グルクロニド化またはメチル化形態である、
ことを特徴とする薬剤。 - 前記薬剤が、別の心血管治療薬と組み合わせて投与される薬剤であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の薬剤。
- 前記心血管治療薬が、COX阻害剤およびコレステロール低下薬からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項2記載の薬剤。
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US53968904P | 2004-01-28 | 2004-01-28 | |
US60/539,689 | 2004-01-28 | ||
PCT/US2005/003406 WO2005072726A1 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | Compositions and methods of use of a-type procyanidins |
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JP2007519750A JP2007519750A (ja) | 2007-07-19 |
JP2007519750A5 JP2007519750A5 (ja) | 2008-03-21 |
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US (3) | US9675630B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1713467B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5456955B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1938015A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005209317B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2554071C (ja) |
IL (1) | IL176922A0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005072726A1 (ja) |
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US20040137081A1 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2004-07-15 | Peter Rohdewald | Attaining sexual wellness and health of the sexual vascular system with proanthocyanidins |
AU2006263430A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Mars, Incorporated | Treatment of occlusive thrombosis |
WO2007086847A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-02 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Synthesis of polycyclic procyanidins |
US7615649B2 (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2009-11-10 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc, | Synthesis of polycyclic procyanidins |
JP2009527487A (ja) * | 2006-02-16 | 2009-07-30 | ザ ハーシー カンパニー | ココア製品及び心血管状態を無糖ココアで処置する方法 |
GB0719544D0 (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2007-11-14 | Barry Callebaut Ag | Cocoa extract and use thereof |
GB0719545D0 (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2007-11-14 | Barry Callebaut Ag | Novel use of cocoa extract |
GB0719542D0 (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2007-11-14 | Barry Callebaut Ag | Use of cocoa extract |
ES2311403B1 (es) | 2007-06-12 | 2010-01-12 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Extractos fenolicos de piel de almendra conteniendo procianidinas, propelargonidinas y prodelfinidinas, y su procedimiento de obtencion. |
DE102009005201A1 (de) * | 2009-01-20 | 2010-07-22 | Universität Rostock | Verwendung von Polyphenol-haltigen Pflanzenextrakten zur Behandlung von Adipositas und Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 |
JP5462491B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-21 | 2014-04-02 | 株式会社 エフェクト | プロアントシアニジン三量体 |
JP5459699B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2014-04-02 | キッコーマン株式会社 | クランベリー抽出物及びその製造方法 |
EA026079B1 (ru) * | 2011-05-27 | 2017-02-28 | Унилевер Н.В. | Противовоспалительная композиция |
US9861610B2 (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2018-01-09 | Akay Flavours & Aromatics Pvt Ltd. | Process for selective extraction of bioactive and bioavailable cinnamon polyphenols and procyanidin oligomers and a stable composition thereof |
EP2829277A1 (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-28 | Natac Biotech, S.L. | Use of a-type proanthocyanidins in treating a mineralocorticoid receptor related disease |
US9682112B2 (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2017-06-20 | Akay Flavours & Aromatics PVT. LTD | Ultrasound-assisted continuous extraction for complete fragmentation of cocoa beans into fractions |
CN104130268A (zh) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-11-05 | 内蒙古大学 | A型原花青素二聚物与丙酮缩合物的结构、制备及生物活性 |
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GB8518289D0 (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1985-08-29 | Inverni Della Beffa Spa | Obtaining proanthocyanidine a2 |
IT1270999B (it) * | 1994-07-26 | 1997-05-26 | Indena Spa | Formulazioni a base di cumarine e loro uso in campo farmaceutico e cosmetico |
US5554645A (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-09-10 | Mars, Incorporated | Antineoplastic cocoa extracts and methods for making and using the same |
US6297273B1 (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 2001-10-02 | Mars, Inc. | Use of cocoa solids having high cocoa polyphenol content in tabletting compositions and capsule filling compositions |
EP1015006A4 (en) | 1996-04-02 | 2003-09-24 | Mars Inc | COCOA EXTRACT COMPOUNDS AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE |
US6015913A (en) | 1996-09-06 | 2000-01-18 | Mars, Incorporated | Method for producing fat and/or solids from cocoa beans |
PL339144A1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 2000-12-04 | Rutgers | Proantocyanidin containing plant extract efficiently inhibiting adherence of bacteria with p-type fimbriae to surfaces |
JP2975997B2 (ja) | 1998-03-04 | 1999-11-10 | 工業技術院長 | プロアントシアニジンaおよびその誘導体 |
EP1894566A1 (en) | 1998-03-12 | 2008-03-05 | Mars, Incorporated | Products containing polyphenol(s) and L-arginine to stimulate nitric oxide production |
US6805883B2 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 2004-10-19 | Mars, Incorporated | Food products containing polyphenol(s) and L-arginine to stimulate nitric oxide |
IT1304183B1 (it) * | 1998-12-18 | 2001-03-08 | Indena Spa | Complessi di proantocianidina a2 con fosfolipidi come agentiantiaterosclerotici. |
ATE439051T1 (de) * | 2000-04-14 | 2009-08-15 | Mars Inc | Zusammensetzungen und methoden zur verbesserung der vaskulären gesundheit |
JP2003252780A (ja) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-10 | Hiroshige Himawari | アポトーシス誘導剤 |
JP2003252745A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Shiseido Co Ltd | マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ(MMPs)阻害剤 |
JP2006516540A (ja) * | 2002-12-02 | 2006-07-06 | マーズ インコーポレイテッド | ホメオスタシスを促進するフラバノールおよびプロシアニジン |
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JP2007519750A (ja) | 2007-07-19 |
EP1713467A4 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
US20190269715A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
CA2554071A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
AU2005209317B2 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
US20170348339A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
EP1713467A1 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
US20050164956A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
CN1938015A (zh) | 2007-03-28 |
AU2005209317A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
EP1713467B1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
IL176922A0 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
US9675630B2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
WO2005072726A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
CA2554071C (en) | 2013-05-07 |
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