JP5444806B2 - Grease composition and machine parts - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、グリース組成物に関し、さらに詳細には、高粘度基油を使用しながら低温性に優れるグリース組成物及びこれを使用した機械部品に関する。 The present invention relates to a grease composition, and more particularly, to a grease composition excellent in low-temperature properties while using a high-viscosity base oil, and a machine part using the grease composition.
グリースの基油動粘度を高くすることが、油膜形成能力を高めて高面圧条件下での油膜厚さの減少や油膜の破断を防ぎ、潤滑性を向上させることや摩耗を防止することは一般的に知られている。また上記以外にも、付着性を向上させることや機械要素の騒音を防ぐこと、離油・油滲みを防ぐこと等の機能を付与することも判っており、グリースの基油動粘度を高くするメリットは大きい。 Increasing the base oil kinematic viscosity increases the ability to form an oil film, preventing a decrease in the oil film thickness and breakage of the oil film under high surface pressure conditions, improving lubricity and preventing wear. Generally known. In addition to the above, it is also known to provide functions such as improving adhesion, preventing noise of machine elements, preventing oil separation and oil bleeding, and increasing the base oil kinematic viscosity of grease. The benefits are great.
基油を高粘度化する手段としては、基油に分子量の大きい物質を混合する方法が挙げられる。例えば、低粘度基油に高粘度基油を混合して粘度を上げることで油膜を大きくし、十分な耐フレッチング性を確保する方法が提案されている(特許文献1)。
また、基油にポリマーを添加して増粘せしめ、グリースの耐水性および耐摩耗性を向上させる方法が提案されている(特許文献2)。さらに、基油にポリマーを添加して増粘せしめたグリースを軸受に封入し、軸受の衝突振動やがたつきを抑制する方法が提案されている(特許文献3)。
As a means for increasing the viscosity of the base oil, a method of mixing a substance having a large molecular weight with the base oil can be mentioned. For example, a method has been proposed in which a high-viscosity base oil is mixed with a low-viscosity base oil to increase the viscosity, thereby increasing the oil film and ensuring sufficient fretting resistance (Patent Document 1).
In addition, a method has been proposed in which a polymer is added to a base oil to increase the viscosity, thereby improving the water resistance and wear resistance of the grease (Patent Document 2). Furthermore, a method has been proposed in which grease, which has been thickened by adding a polymer to a base oil, is enclosed in a bearing to suppress collision vibration and rattling of the bearing (Patent Document 3).
基油を高粘度化すると、グリースの低温性が悪化するという問題がある。従って、高粘度基油を使用したグリースはその使用可能温度が制限されることになる。しかし、近年は幅広い温度範囲で良好な作動性を必要とされる場合が多く、高粘度基油を使用し、かつ低温性に優れるグリース組成物が求められている。例えば、家電用モーターの滑り軸受は一般的にシール機構が存在しないため、使用グリースは潤滑性に加え、低離油性・低油滲み性が要求される。離油・油滲みを防ぐには基油動粘度を高くすることが有効であり、通常は40℃における動粘度が500mm2/s以上であれば要求を満たすことができるとされている。しかし、上記の従来技術で基油動粘度を高くすると、低温環境下(−20℃)の作動性が著しく悪化するという欠点がある。
本発明の目的は、高粘度であり、かつ低温性に優れるグリース組成物を提供することである。
本発明の他の目的は、上記グリース組成物を使用した機械部品、軸受、特にモーターの滑り軸受を提供することである。
When the viscosity of the base oil is increased, there is a problem that the low temperature property of the grease is deteriorated. Therefore, the usable temperature of the grease using the high-viscosity base oil is limited. However, in recent years, there are many cases where good operability is required in a wide temperature range, and a grease composition using a high-viscosity base oil and excellent in low-temperature properties is demanded. For example, since a sliding mechanism of a home appliance motor generally does not have a seal mechanism, the grease used requires low oil separation and low oil bleeding in addition to lubricity. In order to prevent oil separation and oil bleeding, it is effective to increase the base oil kinematic viscosity, and it is usually said that the requirement can be satisfied if the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 500 mm 2 / s or more. However, when the base oil kinematic viscosity is increased by the above-described conventional technique, there is a drawback that the operability under a low temperature environment (−20 ° C.) is remarkably deteriorated.
An object of the present invention is to provide a grease composition having high viscosity and excellent low temperature properties.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical part, a bearing, particularly a sliding bearing for a motor, using the above grease composition.
本発明者は上記課題を達成するために種々検討した結果、特定のポリマーを低動粘度基油の増粘剤として使用することにより、これを改善し得ることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
本発明は以下に示すグリース組成物及び機械部品を提供するものである。
1.増ちょう剤と基油を含むグリース組成物において、
基油が、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体と40℃の動粘度が50mm2/s以下の合成炭化水素油とを含み、
40℃の基油動粘度が500〜1500mm2/sであるグリース組成物。
2.前記エチレン−プロピレン共重合体の重量平均分子量が10000〜100000である上記1に記載のグリース組成物。
3.増ちょう剤が12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウムである上記1又は2に記載のグリース組成物。
4.モーターの滑り軸受用である上記3に記載のグリース組成物。
5.上記1〜4のいずれか1項記載のグリース組成物を封入した機械部品。
As a result of various studies to achieve the above problems, the present inventor has found that this can be improved by using a specific polymer as a thickener for a low kinematic viscosity base oil, and has led to the completion of the present invention. It was.
The present invention provides the following grease composition and machine part.
1. In a grease composition containing a thickener and a base oil,
The base oil includes an ethylene-propylene copolymer and a synthetic hydrocarbon oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 50 mm 2 / s or less,
A grease composition having a base oil kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 500 to 1500 mm 2 / s.
2. 2. The grease composition according to 1 above, wherein the ethylene-propylene copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 100,000.
3. 3. The grease composition according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the thickener is lithium 12-hydroxystearate.
4). 4. The grease composition as described in 3 above, which is used for a sliding bearing of a motor.
5. A machine part in which the grease composition according to any one of 1 to 4 is encapsulated.
本発明のグリース組成物は、高粘度であり、かつ低温性に優れる。エチレン−プロピレン共重合体は合成炭化水素油とのSP値(Solubility Parameter 溶解度パラメータ)の差が小さく、大きな増粘効果が得られるため、添加量は他のポリマーに比べて少量でよい。従って、低温時でもグリースの応力上昇を小さく抑制することができると考えられる。 The grease composition of the present invention has high viscosity and excellent low temperature properties. Since the ethylene-propylene copolymer has a small SP value (Solubility Parameter solubility parameter) difference from the synthetic hydrocarbon oil and a large thickening effect can be obtained, the addition amount may be small compared to other polymers. Therefore, it is considered that the increase in grease stress can be suppressed even at low temperatures.
本発明のグリース組成物に使用する増ちょう剤は、特に限定されないが、汎用性が高く、安価な点からLi石けんが好ましい。中でも12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウムは、比較的少量で小さいちょう度のグリースが得られることから、グリースの低温性に与える影響も小さく、最も適している。 The thickener used in the grease composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but Li soap is preferable because it is highly versatile and inexpensive. Among them, lithium 12-hydroxystearate is most suitable because it has a relatively small amount of grease having a low consistency and has little influence on the low temperature property of the grease.
本発明のグリース組成物に使用する基油は、合成炭化水素油とエチレン−プロピレン共重合体を含む。
本発明の基油に使用する合成炭化水素油は、40℃の動粘度が50mm2/s以下である。これによりグリース組成物の良好な低温性を保つことができる。
本発明の基油に使用するエチレン−プロピレン共重合体は増粘剤として機能する。エチレン−プロピレン共重合体の重量平均分子量は、好ましくは10000〜100000、さらに好ましくは50000〜90000である。10000未満では、増粘剤としての機能が弱く、100000より大きいと低温性を損ねる傾向がある。
本発明の基油全体に対するエチレン−プロピレン共重合体の使用量は、好ましくは2〜8質量%、さらに好ましくは4〜7質量%である。この範囲外では基油全体としての40℃の動粘度を500〜1500mm2/sとすることが困難になる。
The base oil used in the grease composition of the present invention includes a synthetic hydrocarbon oil and an ethylene-propylene copolymer.
The synthetic hydrocarbon oil used for the base oil of the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 50 mm 2 / s or less. Thereby, the favorable low temperature property of a grease composition can be maintained.
The ethylene-propylene copolymer used for the base oil of the present invention functions as a thickener. The weight average molecular weight of the ethylene-propylene copolymer is preferably 10,000 to 100,000, more preferably 50,000 to 90,000. If it is less than 10,000, the function as a thickener is weak, and if it is more than 100,000, the low temperature property tends to be impaired.
The amount of the ethylene-propylene copolymer used with respect to the whole base oil of the present invention is preferably 2 to 8% by mass, more preferably 4 to 7% by mass. Outside this range, it becomes difficult to set the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the entire base oil to 500 to 1500 mm 2 / s.
本発明のグリース組成物に使用する基油は、合成炭化水素油とエチレン−プロピレン共重合体以外の基油成分を含むこともできるが、基油全体としての40℃の動粘度は500〜1500mm2/s、好ましくは600〜1000mm2/sである。
本発明のグリース組成物には、必要により、グリース組成物に普通に使用される他の添加剤を含有させることができる。このような添加剤としては例えば、酸化防止剤、錆止め剤、金属腐食防止剤、油性剤、耐摩耗剤、極圧剤などが挙げられる。
The base oil used in the grease composition of the present invention may contain a base oil component other than the synthetic hydrocarbon oil and the ethylene-propylene copolymer, but the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the base oil as a whole is 500 to 1500 mm. 2 / s, preferably 600 to 1000 mm 2 / s.
If necessary, the grease composition of the present invention can contain other additives commonly used in grease compositions. Examples of such additives include antioxidants, rust inhibitors, metal corrosion inhibitors, oiliness agents, antiwear agents, extreme pressure agents, and the like.
水や油のような液体は、少しの力を加えるだけで容易に流動が始まる。流動する速度と流動抵抗は比例関係にあり、その比率を粘度と呼ぶ。このとき、流動する速度に対応する抵抗力をせん断応力(ずり応力)と呼ぶ。グリースのように構造を持った半固体状の物質は、ある一定以上の力を加えないと流動が始まらない。このとき、流動が始まるのに必要な力を降伏応力と呼ぶ。すなわち、降伏応力は、低温時の動き出しの抵抗力であり、せん断応力は、低温時に流動しているときの抵抗力、という違いがある。本発明の目的達成のためには、いずれの抵抗力も小さいことが望ましい。 Liquids such as water and oil start flowing easily with a little force. The flow rate and flow resistance are in a proportional relationship, and the ratio is called viscosity. At this time, the resistance force corresponding to the flowing speed is called shear stress (shear stress). A semi-solid substance having a structure such as grease does not start to flow unless a certain force is applied. At this time, the force required to start the flow is called yield stress. That is, there is a difference that the yield stress is a resistance force to start moving at a low temperature, and the shear stress is a resistance force when flowing at a low temperature. In order to achieve the object of the present invention, it is desirable that any resistance force is small.
実施例
表1に示す配合のグリース組成物を調製した。
増ちょう剤として、12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウムあるいはステアリン酸リチウムを使用した。
使用した合成炭化水素油は以下のとおりである。
ポリαオレフィンA 基油動粘度(40℃):30.0mm2/s
ポリαオレフィンB 基油動粘度(40℃):47.5mm2/s
ポリαオレフィンC 基油動粘度(40℃):400mm2/s
ポリαオレフィンD 基油動粘度(40℃):1280mm2/s
合成炭化水素油1:ポリαオレフィンAとポリαオレフィンBの質量比50:50混合油
基油動粘度(40℃):37.9mm2/s
合成炭化水素油2:ポリαオレフィンB
合成炭化水素油3:ポリαオレフィンC
合成炭化水素油4:ポリαオレフィンAとポリαオレフィンDの質量比15:85混合油
基油動粘度(40℃):700mm2/s(40℃)
Examples Grease compositions having the formulations shown in Table 1 were prepared.
As a thickener, 12-hydroxy lithium stearate or lithium stearate was used.
The synthetic hydrocarbon oil used is as follows.
Poly α-olefin A base oil kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.): 30.0 mm 2 / s
Poly α-olefin B base oil kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.): 47.5 mm 2 / s
Poly α-olefin C base oil kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.): 400 mm 2 / s
Polyalphaolefin D Base oil kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.): 1280 mm 2 / s
Synthetic hydrocarbon oil 1: mass ratio of polyalphaolefin A and polyalphaolefin B 50:50 mixed oil Base oil kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.): 37.9 mm 2 / s
Synthetic hydrocarbon oil 2: Poly α-olefin B
Synthetic hydrocarbon oil 3: Polyalphaolefin C
Synthetic hydrocarbon oil 4: Mass ratio of polyalphaolefin A and polyalphaolefin D 15:85 mixed oil Base oil kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.): 700 mm 2 / s (40 ° C.)
基油の成分として使用したポリマーは以下のとおりである。
使用したエチレン−プロピレン共重合体(Mw:70000)
ポリブテン(Mw:2900)
ポリイソブチレン(Mw:50000)
グリース組成物のちょう度(JIS K 2220.7)は、325に統一した。40℃の動粘度はJIS K 2220.23に従って測定した。グリース組成物の低温性は以下のように評価した。
低温性評価
The polymers used as components of the base oil are as follows.
Used ethylene-propylene copolymer (Mw: 70000)
Polybutene (Mw: 2900)
Polyisobutylene (Mw: 50000)
The consistency of the grease composition (JIS K 2220.7) was unified to 325. The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. was measured according to JIS K 2220.23. The low temperature property of the grease composition was evaluated as follows.
Low temperature evaluation
レオメーター 降伏応力(Pa) -20℃
◎:750未満
○:750以上、1250未満
△:1250以上、2000未満
×:2000以上
レオメーター せん断応力(Pa)(せん断率=100s-1) -20℃
◎:4000未満
○:4000以上、5000未満
△:5000以上、6000未満
×:6000以上
結果を表1に示す。
Rheometer Yield stress (Pa) -20 ℃
A: Less than 750
○: 750 or more and less than 1250
Δ: 1250 or more, less than 2000
×: 2000 or more
Rheometer Shear stress (Pa) (Shear rate = 100 s −1 ) −20 ° C.
A: Less than 4000
○: 4000 or more and less than 5000
Δ: 5000 or more and less than 6000
X: 6000 or more
The results are shown in Table 1.
本発明の実施例1〜5は、動粘度(40℃)が50mm2/s以下のポリαオレフィンにエチレン−プロピレン共重合体を加えて、基油動粘度(40℃)を500〜1500mm2/sに調整している。実施例1〜5の低温性の評価結果は、−20℃の降伏応力及びせん断応力が小さく、優れた低温性を示している。
これに対して動粘度(40℃)が50mm2/sより高いポリαオレフィンC(400mm2/s)にエチレン−プロピレン共重合体を加えた比較例1では、基油全体の動粘度は700mm2/sであるが、−20℃の降伏応力及びせん断応力が高く、低温性が劣っている。ポリαオレフィンD(1280mm2/s)を使用した比較例2では、基油全体の動粘度を700mm2/sに調整しても、−20℃の降伏応力及びせん断応力が高く、低温性が劣っている。
また、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体の代わりにポリブテン(Mw:2900)を使用した比較例3では、基油動粘度を700mm2/sに調整しても、降伏応力及びせん断応力が高く、低温性が劣っている。エチレン−プロピレン共重合体の代わりにポリイソブチレン(Mw:50000)を使用した比較例4では、基油全体の動粘度を700mm2/sに調整しても、せん断応力が高く、低温性が劣っている。基油動粘度が1500mm2/sより高い、2300mm2/sの比較例5では、せん断応力が高く、低温性が劣っている。
In Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, an ethylene-propylene copolymer is added to a polyα-olefin having a kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.) of 50 mm 2 / s or less, and the base oil kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.) is 500 to 1500 mm 2. / S. The evaluation results of the low temperature properties of Examples 1 to 5 have a low yield stress and shear stress of −20 ° C., indicating excellent low temperature properties.
On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1 in which an ethylene-propylene copolymer was added to polyalphaolefin C (400 mm 2 / s) having a kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.) higher than 50 mm 2 / s, the kinematic viscosity of the entire base oil was 700 mm. Although it is 2 / s, the yield stress and shear stress at −20 ° C. are high, and the low temperature property is inferior. In Comparative Example 2 using poly α-olefin D (1280 mm 2 / s), even when the kinematic viscosity of the whole base oil is adjusted to 700 mm 2 / s, the yield stress and shear stress at −20 ° C. are high, and the low temperature property is low. Inferior.
In Comparative Example 3 using polybutene (Mw: 2900) instead of ethylene-propylene copolymer, yield stress and shear stress are high and low temperature properties even when the base oil kinematic viscosity is adjusted to 700 mm 2 / s. Is inferior. In Comparative Example 4 in which polyisobutylene (Mw: 50000) was used instead of the ethylene-propylene copolymer, even when the kinematic viscosity of the whole base oil was adjusted to 700 mm 2 / s, the shear stress was high and the low temperature property was inferior. ing. In Comparative Example 5 having a base oil kinematic viscosity higher than 1500 mm 2 / s and 2300 mm 2 / s, the shear stress is high and the low temperature property is inferior.
Claims (4)
基油が、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体と40℃の動粘度が50mm2/s以下の合成炭化水素油とを含み、
40℃の基油動粘度が500〜1500mm2/sであり、
前記エチレン−プロピレン共重合体の重量平均分子量が50,000〜90,000であり、
増ちょう剤が12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウムであり、
モーターの滑り軸受用であるグリース組成物。 In a grease composition containing a thickener and a base oil,
The base oil includes an ethylene-propylene copolymer and a synthetic hydrocarbon oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 50 mm 2 / s or less,
Base oil kinematic viscosity of 40 ° C. is Ri 500~1500mm 2 / s der,
The ethylene-propylene copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to 90,000 ,
The thickener is lithium 12-hydroxystearate ;
Grease composition for motor sliding bearings .
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JPH09194867A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-07-29 | Kyodo Yushi Kk | Lubricating grease composition |
JP2002363588A (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2002-12-18 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Lubricating grease composition |
JP4649114B2 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2011-03-09 | 協同油脂株式会社 | Grease composition |
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2009
- 2009-04-20 JP JP2009102058A patent/JP5444806B2/en active Active
Cited By (2)
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KR20200033449A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-30 | 주식회사 루브캠코리아 | Manufacture method of grease for multifunction switch |
KR102096538B1 (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2020-04-02 | 주식회사 루브캠코리아 | Manufacture method of grease for multifunction switch |
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