JP5431677B2 - 排気ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
排気ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5431677B2 JP5431677B2 JP2008043153A JP2008043153A JP5431677B2 JP 5431677 B2 JP5431677 B2 JP 5431677B2 JP 2008043153 A JP2008043153 A JP 2008043153A JP 2008043153 A JP2008043153 A JP 2008043153A JP 5431677 B2 JP5431677 B2 JP 5431677B2
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9481—Catalyst preceded by an adsorption device without catalytic function for temporary storage of contaminants, e.g. during cold start
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
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- F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0878—Bypassing absorbents or adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/2073—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
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- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
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- B01D2255/1023—Palladium
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1025—Rhodium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/502—Carbon monoxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
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Description
図1を用いて、第1実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1が説明される。排気ガス浄化装置1は、内燃機関又は燃焼機器の機関側排気通路100に接続される装置である。
次に、排気ガス浄化装置1の作動が説明される。ここで、制御装置10が、排気ガス浄化装置1を作動させる。制御装置10は、各分岐排気通路2、3について、通常運転又は再生運転を実施する。
図2に示されるように、窒素酸化物とアンモニアとの反応を効果的に行わせるために、一の分岐排気通路における再生運転の実施期間は、他の分岐排気通路における通常運転の終盤に合わせられている。ここで、窒素酸化物吸着材5の吸着量が、通常運転の実施時間が長くなるにつれて増大するので、通常運転時間WNの終盤に、排気ガス中における窒素酸化物の残留量がもっとも増大する。そうすると、大気中への窒素酸化物の放出を防止する上では、一方の分岐排気通路2における通常運転時間WNの終了時刻(時刻T4)と、他方の分岐排気通路3における再生運転の終了時刻(時刻T3)と、を一致させることが望ましい。しかしながら、運転の切替えに要する時間のため、通常運転時間WNの終了時刻と、再生運転の終了時刻との間には、若干のズレが設けられている。
また、窒素酸化物とアンモニアとの反応を効果的に行わせるために、窒素酸化物吸着材5の吸着性能及び選択還元触媒19の浄化性能の高められた温度領域が、次のように調整されている。
第1実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1は、次のような効果を発揮する。
図4を用いて、第2実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1が説明される。第2実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1には、第1実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1に、更に、酸化触媒20が備えられている。
第2実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1は、更に、次のような効果を発揮する。
図5を用いて、第3実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1が説明される。第3実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1には、第1実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1に、更に、第2燃焼装置7が備えられている。
次に、第3実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1の作動において、第2燃焼装置7に係る作動が説明される。第2燃焼装置7に係る作動を除いては、第3実施形態の作動は、第1実施形態の作動と同一である。
第3実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1は、更に、次のような効果を発揮する。
図6を用いて、第4実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1が説明される。第4実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1には、第3実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1に、更に、フィルター部材8が備えられている。
次に、排気ガス浄化装置1の作動において、フィルター部材8に係る点が説明される。フィルター部材8に係る作動を除いては、第4実施形態の作動は、第3実施形態の作動と同一である。
第4実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置1は、更に、次のような効果を発揮する。
フィルター部材8の成分に、貴金属であるPt、Rh、Pdの何れかが含まれるものであってもよい。また、第3実施形態において、酸化触媒20に代えて、貴金属であるPt、Rh、Pdの何れかが成分に含まれたフィルター部材8が配置されてもよい。ここで、貴金属であるPt、Rh、Pdは、酸化触媒として機能する。
2、3 分岐排気通路
2a、3a 排気入口
2b、3b 排気出口
4 遮断弁
5 窒素酸化物吸着材
6 第1燃焼装置(還元雰囲気発生手段)
7 第2燃焼装置
8 フィルター部材
10 制御装置
19 選択還元触媒
20 酸化触媒
61、71 空気ノズル(空気供給手段の一部)
62、72 燃料ノズル(燃料供給手段の一部)
63、73 点火プラグ(着火装置)
100 機関側排気通路
110 合流排気通路
Claims (2)
- 内燃機関又は燃焼機器の機関側排気通路に接続される排気ガス浄化装置において、
前記機関側排気通路に接続される複数の分岐排気通路と、
前記各分岐排気通路を、該各分岐排気通路の排気下流側で合流させた合流排気通路と、
前記各分岐排気通路の排気入口を開放又は閉鎖して、前記機関側排気通路から前記各分岐排気通路への排気ガスの流入及び遮断を切替える排気ガス遮断手段と、
前記各分岐排気通路内に設けられ、空気過剰雰囲気で窒素酸化物を一時的に吸着し、該吸着した窒素酸化物を還元雰囲気で脱離する、窒素酸化物吸着材と、
前記各分岐排気通路内で前記窒素酸化物吸着材より排気上流側に配置され、空気供給手段と燃料供給手段及び着火手段から構成され、該空気供給手段から供給される空気を還元雰囲気にする第1燃焼装置と、
前記合流排気通路内に設けられ、アンモニアを還元剤として窒素酸化物を選択的に還元する選択還元触媒と、
前記合流排気通路内で前記選択還元触媒の排気下流側に配置される酸化触媒と、
一の前記第1燃焼装置を作動させる再生運転の実施期間が、他の前記分岐排気通路における通常運転期間の終盤となるように、前記排気ガス遮断手段及び前記各第1燃焼装置を制御する制御装置と、を備えており、
前記窒素酸化物吸着材が、排気ガスの全温度領域のうち、所定温度以上の高温領域で他の領域よりも、吸着性能が高くなるように調整されており、
前記選択還元触媒が、排気ガスの全温度領域のうち、前記所定温度より低い低温領域で他の領域よりも、浄化性能が高くなるように調整されている、
ことを特徴とする排気ガス浄化装置。 - 請求項1に記載の排気ガス浄化装置において、
前記窒素酸化物吸着材の成分として、Pt、Pd、Rhの少なくとも1つが含まれる、
排気ガス浄化装置。
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JP2008043153A JP5431677B2 (ja) | 2008-02-25 | 2008-02-25 | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
CN2009801069124A CN101970819B (zh) | 2008-02-25 | 2009-02-23 | 排气气体净化装置 |
PCT/JP2009/053196 WO2009107583A1 (ja) | 2008-02-25 | 2009-02-23 | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
EP20090715118 EP2264292A4 (en) | 2008-02-25 | 2009-02-23 | EMISSION CONTROL DEVICE |
KR1020107018316A KR101269383B1 (ko) | 2008-02-25 | 2009-02-23 | 배기가스 정화장치 |
US12/919,112 US8429901B2 (en) | 2008-02-25 | 2009-02-23 | Exhaust gas purification device |
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JP2008043153A JP5431677B2 (ja) | 2008-02-25 | 2008-02-25 | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
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EP (1) | EP2264292A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5431677B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101269383B1 (ja) |
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KR101166229B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-07-18 | 주식회사 크린어스 | 배기가스 저감장치 |
USD729722S1 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2015-05-19 | Shaw Development LLC | Diesel emissions fluid tank floor |
USD729141S1 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2015-05-12 | Shaw Development LLC | Diesel emissions fluid tank |
JP6125055B1 (ja) * | 2016-01-15 | 2017-05-10 | 中外炉工業株式会社 | 燃焼処理設備 |
JP6772868B2 (ja) | 2017-01-31 | 2020-10-21 | 株式会社Ihi | 燃焼装置及びガスタービン |
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- 2009-02-23 EP EP20090715118 patent/EP2264292A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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KR101269383B1 (ko) | 2013-05-29 |
CN101970819B (zh) | 2013-04-24 |
EP2264292A4 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
KR20100102727A (ko) | 2010-09-24 |
US8429901B2 (en) | 2013-04-30 |
EP2264292A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
WO2009107583A8 (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
US20110056191A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
CN101970819A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
WO2009107583A1 (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
JP2009197761A (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
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