JP5422348B2 - 車両用空調システム - Google Patents
車両用空調システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5422348B2 JP5422348B2 JP2009262529A JP2009262529A JP5422348B2 JP 5422348 B2 JP5422348 B2 JP 5422348B2 JP 2009262529 A JP2009262529 A JP 2009262529A JP 2009262529 A JP2009262529 A JP 2009262529A JP 5422348 B2 JP5422348 B2 JP 5422348B2
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- heat exchanger
- heat
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- vehicle
- air conditioning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
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- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/08—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Description
請求項2の発明は、請求項1に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、放熱抑制手段は、機器を覆う断熱部材であることを特徴とする。
請求項3の発明は、請求項1に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、放熱抑制手段は、第1の熱交換器と機器との間に設けられ、第1の熱交換器を通過した外気から機器を遮蔽する遮蔽部材であることを特徴とする。
請求項4の発明は、請求項3に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、遮蔽部材は第1の熱交換器を収納するダクトであって、ダクトは、第1の熱交換器を通過した外気を機器へ導くための第1の通路と、第1の熱交換器を通過した外気を車両外部へ排出するための第2の通路と、第1の熱交換器を通過した外気を第1および第2の通路のいずれか一方へ切り換えて配風する配風手段とを備えることを特徴とする。
請求項5の発明は、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、第1の冷媒と第2の冷媒との間で熱交換する第3の熱交換器を備えたことを特徴とする。
本実施の形態では、暖房運転時に発熱体9の排熱を車室内暖房に利用する。この場合、暖房負荷が小さい時には、冷凍サイクル回路90を利用せずに発熱体9の排熱により暖房を行い、発熱体9の排熱だけでは暖房負荷に満たない場合には、冷凍サイクル回路90を併用する。
ところで、室外熱交換器2を蒸発器として用いる運転を継続すると、熱交換器の表面に霜が成長する場合があるので、霜を融かす除霜運転を行う必要がある。除霜運転時には、四方弁20および三方弁21を図3の実線で示すように切換える。そして、膨張弁22Aを全閉とし、室外熱交換器2を凝縮器、冷却用熱交換器4Bを蒸発器とするサイクルを形成する。一方、二方弁26を閉じて主回路31への流れを遮断し、バイパス回路30へ機器冷却媒体41Bを流す。
図2は、冷房運転時の動作を説明する図である。ここで冷房運転とは、室外熱交換器2を凝縮器、空調用熱交換器4Aと冷却用熱交換器4Bを蒸発器として用いて、空調用回路91Aと機器冷却回路91Bを共に冷却可能とした運転モードであり、四方弁20を実線で示す状態とする。
図4は、放熱抑制構造の第1の例を示す図であり、電気自動車に適用した場合を示す。図4は車両50のフロント部に駆動用のモータ53を搭載する場合の、各機器の配置を模式的に示したものである。車両50の空間51Aは、従来のエンジン自動車のエンジンルームに相当する空間である。以下では、この空間51Aのことをモータ収容室と称し、空間51Bを車室と称することにする。
図5は、放熱抑制構造の第2の例を示す図である。上述した第1の放熱抑制構造では、室外熱交換器2を通過した風61の流れを仕切り板60で変えることにより、風61が発熱体であるモータ53、インバータ54や配管55に吹き付けられるのを防止するようにした。一方、図5に示す放熱抑制構造では、モータ収容空間51Aに室外熱交換器2と室外ファン3とを収納するダクト70を設けて、風61が発熱体であるモータ53、インバータ54や配管55に吹き付けられるのを防止するようにした。
図6は、放熱抑制構造の第3の例を示す図である。上述した第1および2の放熱抑制構造では、仕切り板60やダクト70を設けることにより、室外熱交換器2を通過した風61が発熱体であるモータ53、インバータ54および配管55に吹き付けられるのを防止して、それらからの放熱量を低減するようにした。
図7は、放熱抑制構造の第4の例を示す図である。第4の放熱抑制構造においては、機器冷却回路91Bに設けられている各機器の配置を工夫することにより、温度の高い機器冷却媒体41Bが流れる配管の長さを短くし、配管からの放熱を抑制するようにした。なお、図7では、ダクト70を設けて室外ファンからの風がモータ53等に当たらない構成としているが、ダクト70や仕切り板60を設けない構成であっても良い。
(1)機器冷却媒体41Bの流れに沿って、循環ポンプ5B、冷却用熱交換器4B、発熱体、室内熱交換器7Bの順に接続する。
(2)機器冷却媒体41Bの出口が最も高い位置にある機器を、循環ポンプ5Bと室内熱交換器7Bとの間の最も下流側、すなわち、室内熱交換器7Bの近くに配置する。
(3)発熱量の最も大きい機器を、循環ポンプ5Bと室内熱交換器7Bとの間の最下流に配置する。
(4)循環ポンプ5Bを発熱体よりも車両前方側に配置する。
Claims (5)
- 第1の冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、および前記第1の冷媒と外気との熱交換を行う第1の熱交換器を有して車室内空気の温度調節を行う空調装置と、
車両を電動駆動するための機器と第2の熱交換器との間で第2の冷媒を循環させて、前記機器から吸収した熱を前記第2の熱交換器において車室内空気へと放出する機器冷却装置と、
前記機器から周囲環境への放熱を抑制する放熱抑制手段とを備え、
前記車両を電動駆動するための前記機器は、モータ、インバータ、およびバッテリであり、
前記放熱抑制手段として、前記発熱量のより大きな前記機器ほど前記第2の冷媒の流れに対してより下流となるように、前記第2の冷媒の上流から下流に前記バッテリ、前記インバータ、前記モータの順に配置構成し、かつ、発熱量の最も大きな前記機器である前記モータを前記第2の熱交換器の近傍に設ける配置構成とし、
前記機器冷却装置は前記周囲環境への放熱が抑制された前記機器から吸収した熱を前記車室内空気へと放出し、前記空調装置は前記車室内空気の温度調節を行うことを特徴とする車両用空調システム。 - 請求項1に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、
前記放熱抑制手段は、前記機器を覆う断熱部材であることを特徴とする車両用空調システム。 - 請求項1に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、
前記放熱抑制手段は、前記第1の熱交換器と前記機器との間に設けられ、前記第1の熱交換器を通過した外気から前記機器を遮蔽する遮蔽部材であることを特徴とする車両用空調システム。 - 請求項3に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、
前記遮蔽部材は前記第1の熱交換器を収納するダクトであって、
前記ダクトは、前記第1の熱交換器を通過した外気を前記機器へ導くための第1の通路と、前記第1の熱交換器を通過した外気を車両外部へ排出するための第2の通路と、前記第1の熱交換器を通過した外気を前記第1および第2の通路のいずれか一方へ切り換えて配風する配風手段とを備えることを特徴とする車両用空調システム。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用空調システムにおいて、
前記第1の冷媒と前記第2の冷媒との間で熱交換する第3の熱交換器を備えたことを特徴とする車両用空調システム。
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PCT/JP2010/064389 WO2011061981A1 (ja) | 2009-11-18 | 2010-08-25 | 車両用空調システム |
CN201080033802.2A CN102470724B (zh) | 2009-11-18 | 2010-08-25 | 车辆用空调*** |
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US20120222446A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
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