JP5415904B2 - Plastic processing equipment - Google Patents

Plastic processing equipment Download PDF

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JP5415904B2
JP5415904B2 JP2009253293A JP2009253293A JP5415904B2 JP 5415904 B2 JP5415904 B2 JP 5415904B2 JP 2009253293 A JP2009253293 A JP 2009253293A JP 2009253293 A JP2009253293 A JP 2009253293A JP 5415904 B2 JP5415904 B2 JP 5415904B2
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roller
flat plate
plate material
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孝二 檜垣
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Nihon Spindle Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、主軸回転軸心で駆動回転される主軸と、主軸の先端に設けられ、平板素材を取り付けるマンドレルと、平板素材をマンドレルとの間で挟持する挟持機構と、ローラ回転軸心で回転可能に構成され、挟持された平板素材の表面を押圧して平板素材の肉厚を減肉させるローラと、主軸回転軸心で回転する平板素材の表面を押圧した状態でローラを少なくとも主軸回転軸心に対して接近或いは離間する方向に移動させるローラ移動機構と、運転を制御する制御手段とを備えた塑性加工装置に関する。   The present invention includes a main shaft that is driven and rotated by a main shaft rotation axis, a mandrel that is provided at the tip of the main shaft, to which a flat plate material is attached, a clamping mechanism that holds the flat plate material between the mandrels, and a roller rotation shaft. A roller configured to press the surface of the flat plate material sandwiched and reduce the thickness of the flat plate material, and at least the main shaft rotation shaft in a state where the surface of the flat plate material rotating at the main shaft rotation axis is pressed The present invention relates to a plastic working apparatus including a roller moving mechanism that moves in a direction toward or away from a core and a control unit that controls operation.

この種の塑性加工装置は、例えば、主軸により主軸回転軸心で駆動回転される平板素材に、それの回転に従動して回転自在な加工ローラを押圧して主軸の主軸回転軸心に接近する方向に移動させ、平板素材の肉厚を減少させる。この加工ローラの移動に伴い、減肉された肉が加工ローラの移動方向に移動し平板素材の肉厚を増加させて、平板素材の塑性加工が実行されることとなる(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
このように加工ローラ等を用いて平板素材の肉厚を増加させるように塑性加工することにより、例えば、プレスによる場合には形成が困難な肉厚部分を形成することが可能となり、また、切削により肉厚部分を形成する場合に肉厚部分以外の部分を切削することにより生じる材料コストや加工時間の増大を良好に低減することが可能となる。
This type of plastic working apparatus, for example, approaches a flat plate material driven and rotated by a main shaft at the main shaft rotation axis to press the rotatable processing roller following the rotation of the flat plate material and approach the main shaft rotation axis of the main shaft. Move in the direction to reduce the thickness of the flat plate material. With the movement of the processing roller, the thinned meat moves in the moving direction of the processing roller to increase the thickness of the flat plate material, and plastic processing of the flat plate material is executed (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
In this way, by performing plastic working so as to increase the thickness of the flat plate material using a processing roller or the like, it becomes possible to form a thick portion that is difficult to form when using a press, for example, and cutting Thus, when forming a thick portion, it is possible to satisfactorily reduce an increase in material cost and processing time caused by cutting a portion other than the thick portion.

具体的には、上記特許文献1に記載の塑性加工装置では、マンドレルの先端面に、形成予定のボス部の内径に等しい外径を有する器具ピンが主軸の主軸回転軸心と同心状に突設され、この器具ピンの突出方向先端側の外周部には、器具ピンの外径よりも大径のストッパーが設けられている。このストッパー及び器具ピンにより、形成予定のボス部の突出高さに等しく当該ボス部の厚みに等しい空間(凹部)が形成されている。そして、加工ローラにより平板素材を塑性加工して肉厚が増加された部分を器具ピン及びストッパーに押し付け、続いて、最終的に形成予定のボス部の外形形状に対応した形状の成形ローラにより上記空間に押し込むことにより、平板素材から垂直に突出する所望形状のボス部を得ることができるとされる。   Specifically, in the plastic working apparatus described in Patent Document 1, an instrument pin having an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the boss portion to be formed protrudes concentrically with the spindle rotation axis of the spindle on the tip surface of the mandrel. A stopper having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the instrument pin is provided on the outer peripheral part of the instrument pin in the protruding direction. By this stopper and the instrument pin, a space (concave portion) equal to the protruding height of the boss portion to be formed and equal to the thickness of the boss portion is formed. Then, the plate material is plastically processed by the processing roller and the portion whose thickness is increased is pressed against the instrument pin and the stopper, and then the above-described forming roller having a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the boss portion to be formed is used. By pushing into the space, a boss portion having a desired shape protruding vertically from the flat plate material can be obtained.

つまり、特許文献1に記載の塑性加工装置では、加工ローラにより円板素材に形成される変形部分を、さらに成形ローラを用いて器具ピン及びストッパーにて受け止める状態で押圧することにより、変形部分を円筒状に突出成形して所望形状のボス部を形成するように構成されていた。   In other words, in the plastic working device described in Patent Document 1, the deformed portion formed on the disk material by the processing roller is further pressed by the instrument pin and the stopper using the forming roller, thereby pressing the deformed portion. A boss portion having a desired shape is formed by projecting into a cylindrical shape.

特許第3053219号公報Japanese Patent No. 3053219

上記特許文献1に記載の塑性加工装置では、比較的厚肉の平板素材を塑性加工して肉厚部分を形成し、所望の形状のボス部を形成すべく塑性加工するものであり、基本的に、比較的薄肉の平板素材を塑性加工することによりボス部以外の所望の形状を得ることを意図するものではなく、ボス部以外の形状をどのように形成すべきかについては、さらに個別に検討する必要がある。   In the plastic processing apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a relatively thick plate material is plastic processed to form a thick portion, and plastic processing is performed to form a boss portion having a desired shape. In addition, it is not intended to obtain a desired shape other than the boss by plastic processing of a relatively thin flat plate material. There is a need to.

また、上記特許文献1に記載の塑性加工装置では、ボス部を形成するに当たり、基本的に加工ローラや成形ローラ等、複数のローラを用いている。複数のローラを用いて塑性加工する際には、ローラを交換する時間が必要となり、平板素材を所望形状に塑性加工するまでの時間が長くなってしまうという問題が生じるため、できるだけ少ない数のローラを用いて平板素材を所望形状に塑性加工ができることが望まれる。   In the plastic working apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a plurality of rollers such as a processing roller and a forming roller are basically used to form the boss portion. When plastic processing is performed using a plurality of rollers, it takes time to replace the rollers, and there is a problem that it takes a long time to plastically process the flat plate material into a desired shape. It is desired that the flat plate material can be plastically processed into a desired shape using

さらに、上記特許文献1に記載の塑性加工装置では、平板素材を塑性加工した肉厚部分を器具ピン、ストッパー、成形ローラにより形成される空間に押し込んで、平板素材から突出した所望の形状を得ている。このため、所望の形状に対応する空間を形成するための器具ピン及びストッパーが必須となり、しかも所望の形状が異なる場合等には器具ピン及びストッパーをその都度交換する必要があるという問題が生じる。そのため、器具ピンやストッパーを設けない構成或いはこれらを汎用性がある構成としつつ、平板素材を所望形状に適切に塑性加工できることが望まれる。   Furthermore, in the plastic working apparatus described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, a desired shape projecting from the flat plate material is obtained by pushing a thick portion obtained by plastic processing of the flat plate material into a space formed by an instrument pin, a stopper, and a forming roller. ing. For this reason, an instrument pin and a stopper for forming a space corresponding to a desired shape are essential, and there is a problem that the instrument pin and the stopper need to be replaced each time when the desired shape is different. Therefore, it is desired that the flat plate material can be appropriately plastically processed into a desired shape while providing a configuration in which instrument pins and stoppers are not provided or a configuration in which these are versatile.

本発明は、かかる実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、できるだけ簡便な構成としながら、平板素材をボス部以外の所望の肉厚部分を有する形状に確実に塑性加工し得る塑性加工装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object thereof is to provide a plastic working capable of reliably plastic working a flat plate material into a shape having a desired thick portion other than the boss portion while having a simple structure as much as possible. To provide an apparatus.

上記目的を達成するための本発明に係る塑性加工装置は、主軸回転軸心で駆動回転される主軸と、前記主軸の先端に設けられ、平板素材を取り付けるマンドレルと、前記平板素材を前記マンドレルとの間で挟持する挟持機構と、ローラ回転軸心で回転可能に構成され、前記挟持された平板素材の表面を押圧して前記平板素材の肉厚を減肉させるローラと、前記主軸回転軸心で回転する平板素材の表面を押圧した状態で前記ローラを少なくとも前記主軸回転軸心に対して接近或いは離間する方向に移動させるローラ移動機構と、運転を制御する制御手段とを備えた塑性加工装置であって、その特徴構成は、
前記ローラが前記ローラ回転軸心を含む断面視で直線となる加工平面を備え、前記加工平面が前記ローラの移動方向に対して鋭角に角度θ1傾斜して形成され、
前記制御手段が前記ローラ移動機構を制御して、前記加工平面にて前記平板素材の表面を押圧した状態で前記ローラを前記移動方向に移動させることにより、前記平板素材が前記ローラの前記移動方向側に位置する壁面に当接した状態で、前記平板素材の肉厚を減肉させて、前記加工平面と前記マンドレルとの間に増肉部を形成させる構成で、前記ローラの前記加工平面における前記移動方向側の先端より後端側に前記増肉部の前記移動方向側の先端が位置する状態で、前記制御手段による前記ローラの移動を完了するように構成され、
前記制御手段が前記ローラ移動機構を制御して、前記ローラを少なくとも前記主軸回転軸心に対して接近する方向に移動させる構成で、
前記ローラの前記ローラ回転軸心が、前記ローラの前記移動方向に対して鋭角に角度θ2傾斜して形成され、前記角度θ1と前記角度θ2とが、θ2<θ1を満たすとともに、
前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側とは反対側の後端と前記主軸回転軸心との距離をD1、前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側の先端と前記主軸回転軸心との距離をD2とし、前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側とは反対側の後端と前記ローラ回転軸心との距離をP1、前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側の先端と前記ローラ回転軸心との距離をP2とした場合に、これら各距離が、P2/P1=D2/D1を満たすように設定されている点にある。
In order to achieve the above object, a plastic working apparatus according to the present invention comprises a main shaft driven and rotated by a main shaft rotation axis, a mandrel provided at the tip of the main shaft, to which a flat plate material is attached, and the flat plate material as the mandrel. A sandwiching mechanism sandwiched between the rollers, a roller configured to rotate with a roller rotation axis, a roller that presses a surface of the sandwiched flat plate material to reduce the thickness of the flat plate material, and the main shaft rotation shaft A plastic working apparatus comprising: a roller moving mechanism that moves the roller in a direction approaching or moving away from at least the spindle rotation axis while pressing the surface of the flat plate material that rotates at a position; and a control unit that controls the operation. And the characteristic composition is
The roller has a processing plane that is a straight line in a cross-sectional view including the roller rotation axis, and the processing plane is formed with an acute angle θ1 with respect to the moving direction of the roller,
The control means controls the roller moving mechanism to move the roller in the moving direction while pressing the surface of the flat plate material on the processing plane, so that the flat plate material moves in the moving direction of the roller. In a state in which the thickness of the flat plate material is reduced in a state of being in contact with the wall surface located on the side, a thickened portion is formed between the processing plane and the mandrel, and the roller in the processing plane In a state where the leading end on the moving direction side of the thickening portion is located on the rear end side from the leading end on the moving direction side, the movement of the roller by the control means is completed .
The control means controls the roller moving mechanism to move the roller in a direction approaching at least the spindle rotation axis,
The roller rotation axis of the roller is formed at an acute angle θ2 with respect to the moving direction of the roller, and the angle θ1 and the angle θ2 satisfy θ2 <θ1.
The distance between the rear end of the thickening portion opposite to the moving direction side of the roller and the main shaft rotation axis is D1, the front end of the roller in the moving direction side of the thickening portion and the main shaft rotation shaft. The distance from the center is D2, the distance between the rear end opposite to the moving direction side of the roller in the thickening portion and the roller rotation axis is P1, and the moving direction of the roller in the thickening portion When the distance between the tip on the side and the roller rotation axis is P2, these distances are set so as to satisfy P2 / P1 = D2 / D1 .

上記特徴構成によれば、制御手段がローラ移動機構を制御して、ローラをマンドレルと挟持機構とにより挟持された平板素材の表面に押圧し、その平板素材の回転に従動して回転させながら主軸の主軸回転軸心に接近又は離間する方向に移動させる。
ここで、ローラはローラ回転軸心を含む断面視で直線となる加工平面を備えており、この加工平面がローラの移動方向に対して鋭角に角度θ1傾斜して形成されている。
これにより、ローラの加工平面の後端側が平板素材の表面に押圧されつつ移動方向に移動されることとなり、平板素材が減肉して形成される変形部分は、加工平面における後端側から順次、加工平面における先端側(移動方向側)に向かうように移動され、結果的に増肉する状態で当該加工平面とマンドレルとの間に増肉部を形成することとなる。すなわち、平板素材には、ローラの移動方向に対して角度θ1傾斜する加工平面に沿った被加工平面を有する概略三角形状で突出する増肉部が形成されることとなり、当該被加工平面は凹凸の非常に少ない平面に正確に加工することができる。
そして、制御手段は、ローラの移動により形成される増肉部の移動方向側における先端(上記被加工平面における先端)が、ローラの加工平面における移動方向側の先端より後端側に位置する状態で、ローラの移動を完了させるので、増肉部の被加工平面はローラの加工平面内で、しかもその面から圧力を受ける状態で成形されることとなり、増肉部は当該加工平面の先端よりも移動方向側には飛び出さない状態で形成されることとなる。これにより、例えば、ローラにより増肉した増肉部を主軸回転軸心付近に配置した挟持機構等に押し付けることなく、当該ローラのみにより増肉部を所望の形状である断面視概略三角形状に形成することが可能となる。ここで、図2及び図3を参考にして説明すると、例えば、増肉部20として形成される概略三角形状は、少なくとも上記被加工平面21と被加工平面21の先端21aから平板素材Wの表面に連続する傾斜面22とを備えており、当該傾斜面22は、ローラ5の加工平面11が移動方向Cに対して鋭角に角度θ1傾斜していることにより、移動方向Cに対して鈍角に形成されることとなる。このように、傾斜面22が鈍角に形成されていることにより、この傾斜面22と平板素材Wの表面とが成す角度θ0も鈍角となる。説明を加えると、上記のように、ローラ5の加工平面11が鋭角に角度θ1傾斜しているので、ローラ5の加工平面11の後端11b側が平板素材Wの表面に押圧されつつ移動方向Cに移動されることとなり、平板素材Wが減肉して形成される変形部分は、加工平面11における後端11b側から順次、加工平面11における先端11a側(移動方向C側)に向かうように移動される。この際、平板素材Wの変形部分は、当該平板素材Wの表面から突出する方向にはローラ5の加工平面11により逃げ場が制限される一方で、移動方向C側への増肉は許容されて、ローラ5の移動に伴って移動方向C側に常に肉を溜めていく状態となる。そのため、概略三角形状の増肉部20における移動方向C側の面である上記傾斜面22が平板素材Wに対して成す角度θ0は鈍角となる。これにより、傾斜面22と平板素材Wの表面とが交わる箇所から亀裂等が生じて強度が低下することもない。
従って、塑性加工により平板素材に概略三角形状で突出する増肉部を形成するに当たり、単一のローラを用い、しかも、当該ローラにより最終の所望形状である概略三角形状の増肉部を形成することができ、所望形状を決定するための他の部材を用いずに、塑性加工により簡便で正確に所望の形状を得ることが可能である。
よって、できるだけ簡便な構成としながら、平板素材をボス部以外の所望の肉厚部分を有する形状に確実に塑性加工することが可能となった
According to the above characteristic configuration, the control means controls the roller moving mechanism, presses the roller against the surface of the flat plate material sandwiched by the mandrel and the pinching mechanism, and rotates the spindle while following the rotation of the flat plate material. Is moved in a direction toward or away from the rotation axis of the main shaft.
Here, the roller has a processing plane that is a straight line in a cross-sectional view including the roller rotation axis, and this processing plane is formed to be inclined at an acute angle θ1 with respect to the moving direction of the roller.
As a result, the rear end side of the processing plane of the roller is moved in the moving direction while being pressed against the surface of the flat plate material, and the deformed portion formed by reducing the thickness of the flat plate material is sequentially from the rear end side in the processing plane. The thickened portion is formed between the processing plane and the mandrel while being moved toward the tip side (moving direction side) in the processing plane, and as a result, the thickness is increased. That is, the flat plate material is formed with a thickened portion projecting in a substantially triangular shape having a processing plane along a processing plane inclined at an angle θ1 with respect to the moving direction of the roller. Can be accurately processed to a very small plane.
The control means is such that the leading end (the leading end in the processing plane) of the thickened portion formed by the movement of the roller is positioned on the rear end side from the leading end on the moving direction side in the processing plane of the roller. Thus, the movement of the roller is completed, so that the processed surface of the thickened portion is formed within the processing plane of the roller and is subjected to pressure from the surface, and the thickened portion is formed from the tip of the processed plane. Also, it is formed in a state where it does not jump out to the moving direction side. As a result, for example, the thickened portion formed by the roller is formed into a generally triangular shape in a cross-sectional view, which is a desired shape, without pressing the thickened portion increased by the roller against a clamping mechanism or the like disposed near the spindle rotation axis. It becomes possible to do. Here, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, for example, the approximate triangular shape formed as the thickened portion 20 is the surface of the flat plate material W from at least the processing plane 21 and the tip 21 a of the processing plane 21. And the inclined surface 22 has an obtuse angle with respect to the moving direction C because the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is inclined at an acute angle θ1 with respect to the moving direction C. Will be formed. Thus, since the inclined surface 22 is formed at an obtuse angle, the angle θ0 formed by the inclined surface 22 and the surface of the flat plate material W also becomes an obtuse angle. In other words, as described above, the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is inclined at an acute angle θ1, so that the rear end 11b side of the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is pressed against the surface of the flat plate material W in the moving direction C. The deformation portion formed by thinning the flat plate material W is sequentially moved from the rear end 11b side in the processing plane 11 toward the front end 11a side (movement direction C side) in the processing plane 11. Moved. At this time, the deformed portion of the flat plate material W is restricted in escape direction by the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 in the direction protruding from the surface of the flat plate material W, while the increase in thickness in the moving direction C side is allowed. As the roller 5 moves, the meat is always accumulated on the moving direction C side. Therefore, an angle θ0 formed by the inclined surface 22 that is a surface on the moving direction C side in the substantially triangular thickening portion 20 with respect to the flat plate material W is an obtuse angle. Thereby, a crack etc. arise from the location where the inclined surface 22 and the surface of the flat plate raw material W cross, and intensity | strength does not fall.
Therefore, when forming a thickened portion protruding in a substantially triangular shape on a flat plate material by plastic working, a single roller is used, and a thickened portion having a generally triangular shape that is the final desired shape is formed by the roller. It is possible to obtain a desired shape simply and accurately by plastic working without using other members for determining the desired shape.
Therefore, it is possible to reliably plastically process the flat plate material into a shape having a desired thick portion other than the boss portion, while making the configuration as simple as possible .

また、ローラが主軸回転軸心に対して接近する方向に移動して平板素材を塑性加工する際に、平板素材が主軸回転軸心で回転し、塑性加工により形成される増肉部の被加工平面における先端と後端とで主軸回転軸心周りでの回転速度差が生じる場合であっても、ローラの移動方向に対するローラの加工平面の角度θ1及びローラ回転軸心の傾斜角度θ2等のローラの形状が適切に設定されているので、上記回転速度差と同様の回転速度差をローラにおいても生じさせることができ、ローラの加工平面と増肉部の被加工平面とが当接する各部位において同一回転速度として、両平面に滑りが生じない状態を維持し、塑性加工をより安定した状態で正確且つ確実に行うことが可能となる。
具体的には、平板素材において主軸回転軸心に近い増肉部の先端は回転速度が遅く、一方、増肉部の後端では回転速度が速くなるため、当該先端と後端の回転速度差と同様の回転速度差をローラの加工平面においても生じさせるように、ローラのローラ回転軸心が、ローラの移動方向(主軸回転軸心に接近する方向)に対して鋭角に角度θ2傾斜して形成され、ローラの移動方向に対する加工平面の角度θ1と上記角度θ2とが、θ2<θ1を満たすように設定されている。
Also , when the plate material is plastically processed by moving in the direction in which the roller approaches the spindle rotation axis, the plate material rotates at the spindle rotation axis, and the thickened part formed by plastic processing is processed. Even when there is a difference in rotational speed around the main axis rotation axis between the front end and the rear end in the plane, the rollers such as the angle θ1 of the processing plane of the roller relative to the moving direction of the roller and the inclination angle θ2 of the roller rotation axis Since the shape of is appropriately set, a difference in rotational speed similar to the above-mentioned rotational speed difference can also be generated in the roller, and in each part where the processing plane of the roller and the processing plane of the thickened portion come into contact with each other It is possible to maintain a state in which no slip occurs on both planes at the same rotational speed, and to perform plastic working accurately and reliably in a more stable state.
Specifically, in the flat plate material, the tip of the thickened portion near the spindle rotation axis has a low rotational speed, while the rotational speed is high at the rear end of the thickened portion. The roller rotation axis of the roller is inclined at an angle θ2 at an acute angle with respect to the moving direction of the roller (the direction approaching the main shaft rotation axis) so that the same rotational speed difference as in FIG. The angle θ1 of the processing plane with respect to the moving direction of the roller and the angle θ2 are set so as to satisfy θ2 <θ1.

さらには、増肉部の被加工平面における後端と主軸回転軸心との距離をD1、増肉部の被加工平面における先端と主軸回転軸心との距離をD2とし、上記増肉部の被加工平面における後端とローラ回転軸心との距離をP1、増肉部の被加工平面における先端とローラ回転軸心との距離をP2とした場合に、これら各距離が、P2/P1=D2/D1を満たすように設定される。
これにより、所望の概略三角形状の増肉部を形成するために、ローラが平板素材の塑性加工を開始して停止し所望の形状を得るまでにおいて、ローラの加工平面と増肉部の被加工平面とを常に同一回転速度で回転させることが可能となる。
Furthermore, the distance between the rear end of the thickened portion on the machining plane and the spindle rotation axis is D1, the distance between the tip of the thickened portion on the machining plane and the spindle rotation axis is D2, and When the distance between the rear end on the processing plane and the roller rotation axis is P1, and the distance between the tip of the thickened portion on the processing plane and the roller rotation axis is P2, each of these distances is P2 / P1 = It is set to satisfy D2 / D1.
Thus, in order to form a desired roughly triangular thickened portion, the processing plane of the roller and the processed portion of the thickened portion are processed until the roller starts and stops plastic processing of the flat plate material to obtain a desired shape. The plane can always be rotated at the same rotational speed.

本発明に係る塑性加工装置の更なる特徴構成は、前記マンドレルの上面の中心部には柱状の突出部が形成され且つ当該突出部の外周側には凹部が形成されるとともに、前記挟持機構はチャック棒を備えて構成され、
前記平板素材が、前記突出部が当該平板素材の中心部に形成された開口部を貫通した状態で前記凹部に嵌め込まれて、前記ローラの前記移動方向側に位置する前記壁面としての前記凹部を形成する内側壁面に当接する構成とされ、
前記チャック棒の中空部分と前記突出部とが嵌合しつつ、前記チャック棒の先端が前記平板素材の表面に当接して、前記平板素材が前記チャック棒と前記マンドレルとにより挟持される点にある。
A further characteristic configuration of the plastic working device according to the present invention is that a columnar protrusion is formed at the center of the upper surface of the mandrel, and a recess is formed on the outer peripheral side of the protrusion. Configured with a chuck bar,
The flat plate material is fitted into the concave portion with the protruding portion penetrating through an opening formed in the central portion of the flat plate material, and the concave portion as the wall surface located on the moving direction side of the roller is formed. It is configured to contact the inner wall surface to be formed,
While the hollow part of the chuck bar and the protrusion are fitted, the tip of the chuck bar comes into contact with the surface of the flat plate material, and the flat plate material is sandwiched between the chuck bar and the mandrel. is there.

塑性加工装置の概略構成を示す図Diagram showing schematic configuration of plastic working machine 塑性加工装置を用いて塑性加工を行う状態を示す図The figure which shows the state which performs plastic working using a plastic working device 塑性加工前の平板素材と塑性加工後の平板素材とを示す図Diagram showing flat plate material before plastic working and flat plate material after plastic working 実施形態に係るローラを備えた塑性加工装置を用いて塑性加工を行う状態を示す図 The figure which shows the state which performs plastic working using the plastic working apparatus provided with the roller which concerns on embodiment

以下、図1から図3に基づいて、参考例について説明する。
図1に示すように、塑性加工装置Sは、架台1上にモータ等の主軸駆動装置Mmによって主軸回転軸A周りで駆動回転可能に配設された主軸2と、主軸2の先端に設けられ、円板素材W(平板素材の一例)を取り付けるマンドレル3と、主軸2及びマンドレル3に対向した位置で円板素材Wをマンドレル3との間で挟持するチャック棒4aを先端に配設したチャック台4(挟持機構の一例)と、ローラ回転軸心Bで回転可能に構成され、挟持された円板素材Wの表面を押圧して円板素材Wの肉厚を減肉させるローラ5と、主軸回転軸心Aで回転する円板素材Wの表面を押圧した状態でローラ5を少なくとも主軸回転軸心Aに対して接近或いは離間する方向に移動させるローラ移動機構6と、運転を制御する制御部7(制御手段の一例)とを備える。
尚、以下の説明では、主軸2の主軸回転軸心Aに直交する方向をX方向、平行な方向をZ方向と夫々記載する場合がある。又、ローラ5を主軸回転軸心Aよりも−X方向側に配置した場合に、X方向において、主軸回転軸心Aに接近する方向を+X方向とし、主軸回転軸心Aから離間する方向を−X方向とする。又、Z方向において、主軸2の基端(主軸駆動装置Mmに連結される端部)から離間する方向を+Z方向とし、主軸2の基端に接近する方向を−Z方向とする。
Hereinafter, a reference example will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the plastic working device S is provided on the gantry 1 so as to be driven to rotate around the main shaft rotation axis A by a main shaft driving device Mm such as a motor, and at the tip of the main shaft 2. A chuck having a mandrel 3 to which a disk material W (an example of a flat material) is attached and a chuck bar 4a that clamps the disk material W between the mandrel 3 and the spindle 2 and the mandrel 3 at the tip. A table 4 (an example of a clamping mechanism) and a roller 5 configured to be rotatable by a roller rotation axis B and pressing the surface of the clamped disk material W to reduce the thickness of the disk material W; A roller moving mechanism 6 for moving the roller 5 at least in a direction approaching or separating from the spindle rotation axis A while pressing the surface of the disk material W rotating at the spindle rotation axis A, and a control for controlling the operation. Part 7 (an example of control means) That.
In the following description, a direction orthogonal to the main shaft rotation axis A of the main shaft 2 may be described as an X direction, and a parallel direction may be described as a Z direction. Further, when the roller 5 is arranged on the −X direction side from the main shaft rotation axis A, the direction approaching the main shaft rotation axis A in the X direction is the + X direction, and the direction away from the main shaft rotation axis A is the direction away from the main shaft rotation axis A. -X direction. In the Z direction, the direction away from the base end of the main shaft 2 (the end connected to the main shaft driving device Mm) is defined as the + Z direction, and the direction approaching the base end of the main shaft 2 is defined as the -Z direction.

次に、塑性加工装置Sの各部について説明を加える。
図1に示すように、マンドレル3は、主軸回転軸心Aで駆動回転される主軸2の先端に設けられている。マンドレル3の上面の中心部には柱状の突出部3aが設けられるとともに、その突出部3aの外周側には円板素材Wを嵌め込むことが可能な凹部3bが形成されている。ここで、円板素材Wは、図3に示すように薄肉状で金属により構成される円板素材であり、中心部にはマンドレル3の突出部3aを貫通可能な大きさの開口部Woを備えている。従って、主軸2が回転することにより、マンドレル3の凹部3bに嵌め込まれた円板素材Wも主軸2とともに回転可能に構成されている。
Next, each part of the plastic working apparatus S will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the mandrel 3 is provided at the tip of the main shaft 2 that is driven and rotated by the main shaft rotation axis A. A columnar protrusion 3a is provided at the center of the upper surface of the mandrel 3, and a recess 3b into which the disc material W can be fitted is formed on the outer peripheral side of the protrusion 3a. Here, the disk material W is a thin disk material made of metal as shown in FIG. 3, and an opening Wo having a size capable of penetrating the protrusion 3a of the mandrel 3 is provided at the center. I have. Therefore, when the main shaft 2 rotates, the disc material W fitted in the recess 3 b of the mandrel 3 is also configured to be rotatable together with the main shaft 2.

チャック台4は、主軸2と対向した位置に配置され、チャック棒4aがこのチャック台4の主軸2側(−Z方向側)の先端に配設されている。このチャック棒4aは、内側が中空の円柱状に形成され、主軸回転軸心Aと同心で回転するようにチャック台4にベアリング等を介して回転自在に設けられている。このチャック棒4aをマンドレル3に取り付けられた円板素材Wに対してチャック台4側からマンドレル3に向かって(−Z方向に)押し付けることにより、チャック棒4aの中空部分とマンドレルの突出部3aとが嵌合しつつ、チャック棒4aの先端が円板素材Wの表面と当接することにより、円板素材Wをマンドレル3とチャック棒4aとにより挟持するように構成されている。
そして、主軸2を回転駆動することにより、円板素材Wをマンドレル3とチャック棒4aとにより挟持した状態で、マンドレル3と一体的に回転させるように構成されている。
The chuck base 4 is disposed at a position facing the main shaft 2, and a chuck bar 4 a is disposed at the tip of the chuck base 4 on the main shaft 2 side (−Z direction side). The chuck bar 4a is formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow inside, and is rotatably provided on the chuck base 4 via a bearing or the like so as to rotate concentrically with the spindle rotation axis A. By pressing the chuck bar 4a against the disc material W attached to the mandrel 3 from the chuck base 4 side toward the mandrel 3 (in the -Z direction), the hollow portion of the chuck bar 4a and the protrusion 3a of the mandrel And the tip of the chuck bar 4a comes into contact with the surface of the disk material W, so that the disk material W is sandwiched between the mandrel 3 and the chuck bar 4a.
The main shaft 2 is rotationally driven to rotate integrally with the mandrel 3 while the disk material W is sandwiched between the mandrel 3 and the chuck bar 4a.

ローラ移動機構6は、ローラ5を主軸回転軸心Aに対して接近或いは離間する方向(X方向)に移動可能とするX方向移動機構6aと、ローラ5を円板素材Wの表面を押圧する或いは押圧しない方向(Z方向)に移動可能とするZ方向移動機構6bとを備えて構成されている。
X方向移動機構6aは、先端部にローラ5を固定する固定部8と、当該固定部8をレール9aの案内により主軸回転軸心Aに直交する方向(X方向)に往復移動自在とする走行台9と、その走行台9上に設けられ、固定部8をX方向に往復移動駆動するパルスモータ等のX方向駆動装置Mxとを備えている。更に、Z方向移動機構6bは、そのように固定部8及びX方向駆動装置Mxが載せられた走行台9を、レール10aの案内により主軸回転軸心Aに平行な方向(Z方向)に往復移動自在とする移動台10と、その移動台10上に設けられ、走行台9をZ方向に往復移動駆動するパルスモータ等のZ方向駆動装置Mzとを備えている。
そして、X方向駆動装置Mx及びZ方向駆動装置Mz夫々の作動を制御することにより、ローラ5をX方向及びZ方向の夫々に往復移動操作自在に構成されている。
The roller moving mechanism 6 presses the surface of the disk material W with the X-direction moving mechanism 6a that enables the roller 5 to move in the direction in which the roller 5 approaches or separates from the spindle rotation axis A (X direction). Alternatively, a Z-direction moving mechanism 6b that can move in a direction not pressed (Z direction) is provided.
The X-direction moving mechanism 6a has a fixed portion 8 that fixes the roller 5 to the tip portion, and travel that allows the fixed portion 8 to reciprocate in a direction (X direction) perpendicular to the spindle rotation axis A by the guide of the rail 9a. A base 9 and an X direction driving device Mx such as a pulse motor that is provided on the traveling base 9 and drives the fixed portion 8 to reciprocate in the X direction are provided. Further, the Z-direction moving mechanism 6b reciprocates the traveling platform 9 on which the fixed portion 8 and the X-direction drive device Mx are mounted in a direction parallel to the spindle rotation axis A (Z direction) by the guide of the rail 10a. A movable table 10 that is movable, and a Z-direction drive device Mz such as a pulse motor that is provided on the movable table 10 and drives the traveling table 9 to reciprocate in the Z direction are provided.
Then, by controlling the operation of each of the X direction driving device Mx and the Z direction driving device Mz, the roller 5 is configured to be reciprocally movable in the X direction and the Z direction, respectively.

図1及び図2に示すように、ローラ5は、ローラ回転軸心Bを中心に回転自在に回転支持部5aにより固定部8に支持されている。なお、ローラ5は、ローラ移動機構6の固定部8に主軸回転軸心Aとは反対側(−X方向側)にて片持ち状態で支持固定され、主軸回転軸心A側(+X方向側)に突出するように配置されている。
ローラ5は、図2に示すように、ローラ回転軸心Bを含む断面視で直線となる加工平面11を備え、加工平面11がローラ5の移動方向C(+X方向)に対して鋭角に角度θ1(第1角度)傾斜して形成されている。なお、この角度θ1は、後述する増肉部20の円板素材Wからの突出高さ等、最終的に得たい所望の形状に応じて適宜設定することが可能である。
また、ローラ5のローラ回転軸心Bは、ローラの移動方向C(+X方向)に対して鋭角に角度θ2(第2角度)傾斜して形成されている。参考例では、角度θ1と角度θ2は同角度、すなわちθ2=θ1を満たすように設定され、ローラ回転軸心Bと加工平面11とは平行となっている。これにより、ローラ5のローラ回転軸心Bから伝えられる押圧力をローラ5の加工平面11を介して増肉部20の被加工平面21に無理なく伝達し安定して塑性加工を行うことができ、被加工平面21の形状を所望の形状に、より正確に加工することが可能となる。また、ローラ5自体の構成も簡便な構成とすることができる。なお、両角度を同一とした場合、増肉部20の被加工平面先端21a及び被加工平面後端21bにおいて回転速度差が生じることがあるが、増肉部20がローラ5の移動方向Cにおいて比較的短く形成されるときには、当該回転速度差は非常に小さいものとなるので、ローラ5の加工平面11と増肉部20の被加工平面21との滑りは殆ど考慮する必要がなく、このような場合には特に有効であるといえる。
さらに、ローラ5の加工平面11には、当該加工平面11における移動方向C(+X方向)の先端である加工平面先端11aと移動方向Cとは反対方向(−X方向)の後端である加工平面後端11bとが形成されている。そして、ローラ5において、加工平面先端11aより移動方向C側(+X方向側)、及び加工平面後端11bより移動方向C側とは反対側(−X方向側)にはそれぞれ、概略截頭円錐体状に形成されたテーパー状外周面12,13が形成されている。これにより、ローラ5による円板素材Wの塑性加工時に、ローラ5がチャック棒4aやマンドレル3等に接触することなく、加工平面11のみが円板素材Wを押圧して良好に塑性加工を行うことが可能となっている。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the roller 5 is supported by the fixed portion 8 by a rotation support portion 5a so as to be rotatable about the roller rotation axis B. The roller 5 is supported and fixed to the fixed portion 8 of the roller moving mechanism 6 in a cantilevered state on the opposite side (−X direction side) from the main shaft rotation axis A, and the main shaft rotation axis A side (+ X direction side) ) To protrude.
As shown in FIG. 2, the roller 5 includes a processing plane 11 that is a straight line in a sectional view including the roller rotation axis B, and the processing plane 11 is at an acute angle with respect to the moving direction C (+ X direction) of the roller 5. It is formed to be inclined by θ1 (first angle). The angle θ1 can be appropriately set according to a desired shape to be finally obtained, such as a protruding height of the thickened portion 20 to be described later from the disc material W.
The roller rotation axis B of the roller 5 is formed to be inclined at an angle θ2 (second angle) at an acute angle with respect to the moving direction C (+ X direction) of the roller. In the reference example , the angle θ1 and the angle θ2 are set to satisfy the same angle, that is, θ2 = θ1, and the roller rotation axis B and the processing plane 11 are parallel to each other. As a result, the pressing force transmitted from the roller rotation axis B of the roller 5 can be transmitted without difficulty to the processing plane 21 of the thickened portion 20 via the processing plane 11 of the roller 5, and plastic processing can be performed stably. The shape of the processing plane 21 can be processed more accurately into a desired shape. Also, the configuration of the roller 5 itself can be a simple configuration. In addition, when both angles are made the same, a rotational speed difference may occur at the processed plane front end 21a and the processed plane rear end 21b of the thickened portion 20, but the thickened portion 20 is in the moving direction C of the roller 5. When formed relatively short, the rotational speed difference is very small, so that there is almost no need to take into account the slip between the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 and the processing plane 21 of the thickened portion 20. It is particularly effective in such cases.
Further, the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is a processing plane tip 11a that is the tip of the moving direction C (+ X direction) in the processing plane 11 and a processing that is the rear end of the direction opposite to the moving direction C (−X direction). A flat rear end 11b is formed. In the roller 5, a rough truncated cone is provided on the movement direction C side (+ X direction side) from the processing plane front end 11 a and on the side opposite to the movement direction C side (−X direction side) from the processing plane rear end 11 b, respectively. Tapered outer peripheral surfaces 12 and 13 formed in a body shape are formed. Thus, when the disk material W is plastically processed by the roller 5, the roller 5 does not come into contact with the chuck bar 4a, the mandrel 3, and the like, and only the processing plane 11 presses the disk material W and performs good plastic processing. It is possible.

制御部7は、公知の情報処理手段により構成され、塑性加工装置Sの運転を制御可能に構成されている。例えば、ローラ移動機構6を制御して、予め記憶部(図示せず)に記憶された移動経路にてローラ5を移動させ、円板素材Wを塑性加工すること等が可能に構成されている。その他、主軸駆動装置Mmを制御して主軸2の回転速度を調整することも可能である。   The control part 7 is comprised by a well-known information processing means, and is comprised so that control of the driving | operation of the plastic working apparatus S is possible. For example, the roller moving mechanism 6 is controlled so that the roller 5 is moved along a moving path stored in advance in a storage unit (not shown) so that the disk material W is plastically processed. . In addition, it is possible to adjust the rotational speed of the main shaft 2 by controlling the main shaft driving device Mm.

次に、上記構成の塑性加工装置Sを用いて制御部7の制御により、円板素材Wに概略三角形状の増肉部20を形成する塑性加工の手順を説明する。   Next, a plastic working procedure for forming the substantially triangular thickened portion 20 on the disk material W by the control of the control unit 7 using the plastic working apparatus S having the above configuration will be described.

先ず、図1に示すように、円板素材Wを手動又は自動の搬送装置(図示せず)によってマンドレル3の凹部3bに嵌め込む状態で取り付け、チャック棒4aによって円板素材Wの内周部をマンドレル3との間で挟持して、押圧固定する。
次いで、主軸駆動装置Mmによって主軸2を回転させて、チャック棒4aでマンドレル3に押圧固定した円板素材Wを回転させる。
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the disc material W is attached in a state of being fitted into the recess 3b of the mandrel 3 by a manual or automatic conveying device (not shown), and the inner peripheral portion of the disc material W by the chuck bar 4a. Is clamped between the mandrel 3 and pressed and fixed.
Next, the main shaft 2 is rotated by the main shaft driving device Mm, and the disc material W pressed and fixed to the mandrel 3 by the chuck bar 4a is rotated.

そして、ローラ5の加工平面11における加工平面後端11bが、円板素材Wの表面に当接するように、X方向駆動装置Mx及びZ方向駆動装置Mzの作動を制御する。
ローラ5の加工平面後端11bが円板素材Wの表面に当接した後、加工初期には、X方向駆動装置Mx及びZ方向駆動装置Mzにより、ローラ5を回転する円板素材Wの厚み方向(−Z方向)及び主軸回転軸心A方向(+X方向)に押圧した状態で、ローラ5が所定深さまで厚み方向(−Z方向)に移動される。そして、図2(a)に示すように、ローラ5が厚み方向(−Z方向)に所定深さまで移動すると、Z方向駆動装置Mzによる厚み方向(−Z方向)への移動が停止されるとともに、X方向駆動装置Mxによりローラ5が主軸回転軸心Aに接近する移動方向C(+X方向)にのみ移動されて、円板素材Wは減肉され、かつ、ローラ5の移動方向C側に増肉するように塑性加工される。なお、円板素材Wにおいて塑性加工を開始する箇所及び減肉する所定深さは、所望の増肉部20の形状に応じて適宜設定される。すなわち、ローラ5により減肉される円板素材Wの体積と増肉される体積とは略同一となるので、増肉が必要な体積に応じて、塑性加工を開始する箇所及び減肉する所定深さを設定する。
したがって、この塑性加工では、回転する円板素材Wの表面にローラ5の加工平面11の加工平面後端11bが所定深さまで押圧された状態で、ローラ5がX方向駆動装置Mxにより主軸回転軸心A1に接近する方向(+X方向)に移動される。
Then, the operations of the X-direction driving device Mx and the Z-direction driving device Mz are controlled so that the processing plane rear end 11b in the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 comes into contact with the surface of the disc material W.
After the processing plane rear end 11b of the roller 5 comes into contact with the surface of the disk material W, the thickness of the disk material W that rotates the roller 5 by the X-direction driving device Mx and the Z-direction driving device Mz is initially processed. The roller 5 is moved in the thickness direction (−Z direction) to a predetermined depth in a state where the roller 5 is pressed in the direction (−Z direction) and the spindle rotation axis A direction (+ X direction). Then, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the roller 5 moves to a predetermined depth in the thickness direction (−Z direction), the movement in the thickness direction (−Z direction) by the Z direction driving device Mz is stopped. The X-direction drive device Mx moves the roller 5 only in the moving direction C (+ X direction) approaching the spindle rotation axis A, the disk material W is thinned, and the roller 5 moves toward the moving direction C side. Plastic processing is performed to increase the thickness. In addition, the location where plastic working is started in the disc material W and the predetermined depth at which the thickness is reduced are appropriately set according to the shape of the desired thickened portion 20. That is, since the volume of the disk material W to be thinned by the roller 5 is substantially the same as the volume to be thickened, the place where the plastic working is started and the predetermined thickness to be thinned according to the volume that requires thickening. Set the depth.
Therefore, in this plastic working, the roller 5 is rotated by the X-direction drive device Mx with the spindle rotating shaft in a state where the processing plane rear end 11b of the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is pressed to the surface of the rotating disc material W. It is moved in the direction approaching the heart A1 (+ X direction).

これにより、円板素材Wの表面が減肉して変形部分が形成され、その変形部分がローラ5の加工平面11における加工平面後端11bから順次、加工平面11における加工平面先端11a側(移動方向C側)に向かうように当該加工平面11に沿って移動され、結果的に円板素材Wの肉厚が増肉する状態で加工平面11とマンドレル3との間に増肉部20が形成される。
図2及び図3に示すように、当該増肉部20は断面視で概略三角形状に形成され、塑性加工前の円板素材Wの表面から増肉された状態(突出した状態)で、ローラ5の加工平面11に沿う被加工平面21と、当該被加工平面21の被加工平面先端21aから円板素材Wの表面に連続する傾斜面22とを備えている。なお、被加工平面21は、移動方向C側(+X方向側)である先端に位置する被加工平面先端21aと、移動方向C側とは反対側(−X方向側)の後端に位置する被加工平面後端21bとを備えている。
この増肉部20の被加工平面21は、ローラ5の加工平面11に沿うように平行に形成されるため、移動方向C(+X方向)に対して鋭角に角度θ1傾斜するように形成され、当該被加工平面21は凹凸の非常に少ない平面に正確に加工される。
また、増肉部20の傾斜面22は、ローラ5の加工平面11が移動方向C(+X方向)に対して鋭角に角度θ1傾斜していることにより、移動方向C(+X方向)に対して鈍角に形成されることとなる(図2、図3参照)。このように、傾斜面22が鈍角に形成されていることにより、この傾斜面22と平板素材Wの表面とが成す角度θ0も鈍角となる。説明を加えると、上記のように、ローラ5の加工平面11が鋭角に角度θ1傾斜しているので、ローラ5の加工平面11の後端11b側が平板素材Wの表面に押圧されつつ移動方向Cに移動されることとなり、平板素材Wが減肉して形成される変形部分は、加工平面11における後端11b側から順次、加工平面11における先端11a側(移動方向C側)に向かうように移動される。この際、平板素材Wの変形部分は、当該平板素材Wの表面から突出する方向にはローラ5の加工平面11により逃げ場が制限される一方で、移動方向C側への増肉は許容されて、ローラ5の移動に伴って移動方向C側に常に肉を溜めていく状態となる。そのため、概略三角形状の増肉部20における移動方向C側の面である上記傾斜面22が平板素材Wに対して成す角度θ0は鈍角となる。これにより、傾斜面22と平板素材Wの表面とが交わる箇所から亀裂等が生じて強度が低下することもない。
Thereby, the surface of the disk material W is thinned to form a deformed portion, and the deformed portion is sequentially moved from the processing plane rear end 11b on the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 to the processing plane front end 11a side (moving) on the processing plane 11. The thickened portion 20 is formed between the processing plane 11 and the mandrel 3 in a state where the thickness of the disc material W is increased as a result of being moved along the processing plane 11 toward the direction C side). Is done.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the thickened portion 20 is formed in a substantially triangular shape in a cross-sectional view, and is thickened from the surface of the disk material W before plastic working (in a protruding state), the roller 5, a processing plane 21 along the processing plane 11, and an inclined surface 22 that continues from the processing plane tip 21 a of the processing plane 21 to the surface of the disk material W. In addition, the processing plane 21 is positioned at the processing plane front end 21a located at the tip which is the movement direction C side (+ X direction side) and the rear end opposite to the movement direction C side (−X direction side). And a work plane rear end 21b.
Since the processed plane 21 of the thickened portion 20 is formed in parallel so as to follow the processed plane 11 of the roller 5, it is formed to be inclined at an angle θ1 at an acute angle with respect to the moving direction C (+ X direction), The to-be-processed plane 21 is accurately processed into a plane with very few irregularities.
Further, the inclined surface 22 of the thickened portion 20 is inclined with respect to the moving direction C (+ X direction) by the machining plane 11 of the roller 5 being inclined at an acute angle θ1 with respect to the moving direction C (+ X direction). An obtuse angle is formed (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Thus, since the inclined surface 22 is formed at an obtuse angle, the angle θ0 formed by the inclined surface 22 and the surface of the flat plate material W also becomes an obtuse angle. In other words, as described above, the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is inclined at an acute angle θ1, so that the rear end 11b side of the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is pressed against the surface of the flat plate material W in the moving direction C. The deformation portion formed by thinning the flat plate material W is sequentially moved from the rear end 11b side in the processing plane 11 toward the front end 11a side (movement direction C side) in the processing plane 11. Moved. At this time, the deformed portion of the flat plate material W is restricted in escape direction by the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 in the direction protruding from the surface of the flat plate material W, while the increase in thickness in the moving direction C side is allowed. As the roller 5 moves, the meat is always accumulated on the moving direction C side. Therefore, an angle θ0 formed by the inclined surface 22 that is a surface on the moving direction C side in the substantially triangular thickening portion 20 with respect to the flat plate material W is an obtuse angle. Thereby, a crack etc. arise from the location where the inclined surface 22 and the surface of the flat plate raw material W cross, and intensity | strength does not fall.

続いて、制御部7は、所望形状の増肉部20が得られた状態で、X方向駆動装置Mxによるローラ5の移動方向C(+X方向)への移動を完了させる。すなわち、図2(b)に示すように、制御部7は、ローラ5の加工平面11における加工平面先端11aよりも加工平面後端側11b(−X方向側)に増肉部20の被加工平面先端21aが位置する状態で、ローラ5の移動を完了させ、円板素材Wの塑性加工を終了させる。このようにすることにより、増肉部20の被加工平面21はローラ5の加工平面11内で形成されることとなり、増肉部20は加工平面11の加工平面先端11aよりも移動方向C側(+X方向側)には飛び出さない状態で形成されることとなる。これにより、例えば、ローラ5により増肉した増肉部20を主軸回転軸心A付近に配置したチャック棒4a等に押し付けることなく、当該ローラ5のみにより増肉部20を所望の形状である断面視概略三角形状に形成することが可能となる。   Subsequently, the control unit 7 completes the movement of the roller 5 in the movement direction C (+ X direction) by the X direction driving device Mx in a state where the thickened portion 20 having a desired shape is obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 2B, the control unit 7 is configured to process the thickened portion 20 on the processing plane rear end side 11 b (−X direction side) with respect to the processing plane front end 11 a on the processing plane 11 of the roller 5. With the flat tip 21a positioned, the movement of the roller 5 is completed, and the plastic working of the disc material W is completed. By doing in this way, the to-be-processed plane 21 of the thickening part 20 will be formed in the processing plane 11 of the roller 5, and the thickening part 20 is the movement direction C side rather than the processing plane front-end | tip 11a of the processing plane 11. In the (+ X direction side), it is formed without protruding. Thereby, for example, the thickened portion 20 which is thickened by the roller 5 is not pressed against the chuck rod 4a or the like disposed in the vicinity of the spindle rotation axis A, and the cross section of the thickened portion 20 having a desired shape only by the roller 5. It is possible to form a substantially triangular shape.

従って、塑性加工により円板素材Wに断面視概略三角形状で突出する増肉部20を形成するに当たり、単一のローラ5を用い、しかも、当該ローラ5により最終の所望形状である概略三角形状の増肉部20を形成することができ(図3参照)、所望形状を決定するための他の部材を用いずに、塑性加工により簡便で適切に所望の形状を得ることが可能である。
よって、できるだけ簡便な構成としながら、円板素材Wをボス部以外の所望の肉厚部分を有する形状に確実に塑性加工することが可能となった。
Therefore, when forming the thickened portion 20 that protrudes in a substantially triangular shape in cross section in the disk material W by plastic working, a single roller 5 is used, and the roller 5 has a substantially triangular shape that is the final desired shape. The thickened portion 20 can be formed (see FIG. 3), and the desired shape can be obtained simply and appropriately by plastic working without using other members for determining the desired shape.
Therefore, it is possible to reliably plastically process the disc material W into a shape having a desired thick portion other than the boss portion, while making the configuration as simple as possible.

実施形態
上記参考例では、ローラ5の加工平面11を、ローラ5の移動方向Cに対し鋭角に角度θ1傾斜するように形成し、ローラ5のローラ回転軸心Bを、ローラ5の移動方向Cに対し鋭角にθ2傾斜するように形成して、これら角度θ1及び角度θ2を同一角度で構成して、増肉部20の被加工平面21において生じ得る回転速度差を考慮しない構成としたが、本実施形態では、増肉部20をより適切かつ正確に形成できる構成を採用する。なお、本実施形態、参考例に係るローラ5とは別のローラ50を説明するものであり、基本的にローラ50以外の構成は上記参考例と同様である。従って、重複説明を避けるために、上記参考例と同じ構成要素や同じ作用を有する構成要素については、同じ符号を付すことにより説明を省略して、主として、ローラ50について説明する。
具体的には、本実施形態では、図4に示すように、ローラ50は、ローラ回転軸心B1を含む断面視で直線となる加工平面51を備え、加工平面51がローラ50の移動方向C(+X方向)に対して鋭角に角度θ1傾斜して形成され、ローラ50のローラ回転軸心B1が、ローラ50の移動方向C(+X方向)に対して鋭角に角度θ2傾斜して形成され、角度θ1と角度θ2とが、θ2<θ1を満たすように設定されている。よって、ローラ50は、円板素材Wの表面に押圧されることによりローラ回転軸心B1周りで回転しながら、X方向駆動装置Mxにより主軸回転軸心Aに対して接近する方向(+X方向)に移動させられる。そして、ローラ50は、円板素材Wの表面を減肉して変形部分を形成し、その変形部分をローラ50の加工平面51における加工平面後端51bから順次、加工平面51における加工平面先端51a側(移動方向C側)に向かうように当該加工平面51に沿って移動され、結果的に円板素材Wの肉厚が増肉する状態で加工平面51とマンドレル3との間に塑性加工により増肉部20を形成することができる。
加えて、この塑性加工の開始から増肉部20の形成が完了するまでにおいて、増肉部20におけるローラ50の移動方向C側とは反対側(−X方向側)の被加工平面後端21bと主軸回転軸心Aとの距離をD1、増肉部20におけるローラ50の移動方向C側(+X方向側)の被加工平面先端21aと主軸回転軸心Aとの距離をD2とし、増肉部20におけるローラ50の移動方向C側とは反対側(−X方向側)の被加工平面後端21bとローラ回転軸心B1との距離をP1、増肉部20におけるローラ50の移動方向C側(+X方向側)の被加工平面先端21aとローラ回転軸心B1の距離をP2とした場合に、これら各距離が、P2/P1=D2/D1を、常に満たすように設定されている。この設定は、移動させる肉の全てが増肉部20を形成するものとして、容易に演算設定できる。
これにより、ローラ50が主軸回転軸心Aに対して接近する方向(+X方向)に移動して円板素材Wを塑性加工する際に、円板素材Wが主軸回転軸心Aで回転し、塑性加工により形成される増肉部20の被加工平面21における被加工平面先端21aと被加工平面後端21bとで主軸回転軸心A周りでの回転速度差が生じる場合であっても、この回転速度差と同様の回転速度差をローラ50においても生じさせることができ、ローラ50の加工平面51と増肉部20の被加工平面21とが当接する各部位において同一回転速度として、両平面51,21に滑りが生じない状態を維持し、塑性加工をより安定した状態で正確且つ確実に行うことが可能となる。
なお、別の参考例として、単に、ローラ50における上記角度θ1と角度θ2とが、θ2<θ1を満たす構成を採用し、ローラ50における上記各距離が、P2/P1=D2/D1を満たさない構成を採用してもよい。この場合、上記のように、塑性加工により形成される増肉部20の被加工平面21における被加工平面先端21aと被加工平面後端21bとで主軸回転軸心A周りでの回転速度差が生じる場合であっても、この回転速度差に近似する回転速度差をローラ50においても生じさせることができ、ローラ50の加工平面51と増肉部20の被加工平面21とが当接する各部位において近似した回転速度となるようにして、両平面51,21における滑りを抑制することができ、塑性加工を安定した状態で行うことが可能となる。
Embodiment
In the above reference example , the processing plane 11 of the roller 5 is formed to be inclined at an acute angle θ1 with respect to the moving direction C of the roller 5, and the roller rotation axis B of the roller 5 is set to the moving direction C of the roller 5. It formed so as to θ2 inclined at an acute angle, to configure these angles θ1 and the angle θ2 at the same angle, a configuration that does not consider the rotational speed difference may occur in the work plane 21 of the thickened portion 20, this embodiment In the embodiment, a configuration that can form the thickened portion 20 more appropriately and accurately is adopted . In the present embodiment , a roller 50 different from the roller 5 according to the reference example is described, and the configuration other than the roller 50 is basically the same as the reference example . Therefore, in order to avoid redundant description, the same reference numerals are given to the same constituent elements as those in the above-described reference example and the constituent elements having the same actions, and the description thereof will be omitted, and the roller 50 will be mainly described.
Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the roller 50 includes a processing plane 51 that is a straight line in a sectional view including the roller rotation axis B <b> 1, and the processing plane 51 is in the moving direction C of the roller 50. The roller rotation axis B1 of the roller 50 is formed with an angle θ2 inclined at an acute angle with respect to the moving direction C (+ X direction) of the roller 50. The angle θ1 and the angle θ2 are set so as to satisfy θ2 <θ1. Therefore, the roller 50 is rotated around the roller rotation axis B1 by being pressed against the surface of the disk material W, and approaches the spindle rotation axis A by the X direction driving device Mx (+ X direction). Moved to. Then, the roller 50 reduces the surface of the disk material W to form a deformed portion, and the deformed portion is sequentially processed from the processing plane rear end 51b in the processing plane 51 of the roller 50 to the processing plane front end 51a in the processing plane 51. Is moved along the processing plane 51 toward the side (movement direction C side), and as a result, the thickness of the disc material W is increased by plastic processing between the processing plane 51 and the mandrel 3. The thickened portion 20 can be formed.
In addition, from the start of the plastic working until the formation of the thickened portion 20 is completed, the processed plane rear end 21b on the side opposite to the moving direction C side of the roller 50 in the thickened portion 20 (−X direction side). D1 is the distance between the shaft rotation axis A and the spindle rotation axis A, and D2 is the distance between the tip end 21a of the processing plane on the moving direction C side (+ X direction side) of the roller 50 in the thickening portion 20 and the spindle rotation axis A. The distance between the processed plane rear end 21b on the side opposite to the moving direction C side of the roller 50 in the portion 20 (−X direction side) and the roller rotation axis B1 is P1, and the moving direction C of the roller 50 in the thickening portion 20 When the distance between the processing surface front end 21a on the side (+ X direction side) and the roller rotation axis B1 is P2, these distances are always set to satisfy P2 / P1 = D2 / D1. This setting can be easily calculated and set assuming that all the meat to be moved forms the thickened portion 20.
Thereby, when the roller 50 moves in the direction approaching the spindle rotation axis A (+ X direction) to plastically process the disk material W, the disk material W rotates on the spindle rotation axis A, Even when a rotational speed difference around the spindle rotation axis A occurs between the processed plane front end 21a and the processed plane rear end 21b in the processed plane 21 of the thickened portion 20 formed by plastic processing. A difference in rotation speed similar to the difference in rotation speed can also be generated in the roller 50, and both planes have the same rotation speed at each portion where the processing plane 51 of the roller 50 and the processing plane 21 of the thickened portion 20 abut. It is possible to maintain a state in which no slip occurs in 51 and 21 and to perform plastic working accurately and reliably in a more stable state.
As another reference example, a configuration in which the angle θ1 and the angle θ2 in the roller 50 simply satisfy θ2 <θ1 is employed, and the distances in the roller 50 do not satisfy P2 / P1 = D2 / D1. A configuration may be adopted. In this case, as described above, there is a difference in rotational speed around the spindle rotation axis A between the processed plane front end 21a and the processed plane rear end 21b in the processed plane 21 of the thickened portion 20 formed by plastic processing. Even if it occurs, a rotational speed difference that approximates this rotational speed difference can also be generated in the roller 50, and each part where the processing plane 51 of the roller 50 and the processing plane 21 of the thickened portion 20 come into contact with each other. Thus, it is possible to suppress slippage in both planes 51 and 21 so that the rotation speed is approximated in step, so that plastic working can be performed in a stable state.

[別実施形態]
)上記参考例及び実施形態では、平板素材として円板素材Wを用いて説明したが、平板素材の外形は円形に限られるものではなく、四角形状等多角形であってもよい。
[Another embodiment]
( 1 ) In the reference examples and embodiments described above, the circular plate material W is used as the flat plate material. However, the outer shape of the flat plate material is not limited to a circle, and may be a polygonal shape such as a square shape.

以上説明したように、できるだけ簡便な構成としながら、平板素材をボス部以外の所望の肉厚部分を有する形状に確実に塑性加工し得る塑性加工装置を提供することができる。   As described above, it is possible to provide a plastic working apparatus capable of surely plastic working a flat plate material into a shape having a desired thick portion other than the boss portion while having a simple structure as much as possible.

2 主軸
3 マンドレル
3a 突出部
3b 凹部
4 チャック台(挟持機構)
4a チャック棒(挟持機構)
5,50 ローラ
6 ローラ移動機構
6a X方向移動機構(ローラ移動機構)
6b Z方向移動機構(ローラ移動機構)
7 制御部(制御手段)
11,51 加工平面
11a,51a 加工平面先端(加工平面の先端)
11b,51b 加工平面後端(加工平面の後端)
20 増肉部
21 被加工平面
21a 被加工平面先端(被加工平面の先端)
21b 被加工平面後端(被加工平面の後端)
A 主軸回転軸心
B,B1 ローラ回転軸心
C ローラの移動方向
D1 増肉部における被加工平面後端と主軸回転軸心との距離
D2 増肉部における被加工平面先端と主軸回転軸心との距離
P1 増肉部における被加工平面後端とローラ回転軸心との距離
P2 増肉部における被加工平面先端とローラ回転軸心との距離
S 塑性加工装置
W 円板素材(平板素材)
Wo 開口部
θ1 ローラの移動方向に対する加工平面の傾斜角度
θ2 ローラの移動方向に対するローラ回転軸心の傾斜角度
2 Spindle 3 Mandrel
3a protrusion
3b Recessed part 4 Chuck base (Clamping mechanism)
4a Chuck rod (clamping mechanism)
5, 50 Roller 6 Roller moving mechanism 6a X direction moving mechanism (roller moving mechanism)
6b Z direction moving mechanism (roller moving mechanism)
7 Control unit (control means)
11, 51 Processing plane 11a, 51a Processing plane tip (tip of processing plane)
11b, 51b Processing plane rear end (processing plane rear end)
20 Thickening part 21 Work plane 21a Work plane tip (tip of work plane)
21b Rear end of processing plane (rear end of processing plane)
A Spindle rotation center B, B1 Roller rotation axis C Roller moving direction D1 Distance between rear end of processed plane in thickened part and main axis of rotation D2 D2 Tip of processed plane in thickened part and main axis of rotation of spindle Distance P1 Distance P2 between the rear end of the flat surface to be processed and the roller rotation axis in the thickening portion Distance P2 between the tip end of the flat surface to be processed and the roller rotation axis in the thickening portion S Plastic working device W Disc material (flat plate material)
Wo Opening θ1 Inclination angle of machining plane with respect to moving direction of roller θ2 Inclination angle of roller rotation axis with respect to moving direction of roller

Claims (2)

主軸回転軸心で駆動回転される主軸と、前記主軸の先端に設けられ、平板素材を取り付けるマンドレルと、前記平板素材を前記マンドレルとの間で挟持する挟持機構と、ローラ回転軸心で回転可能に構成され、前記挟持された平板素材の表面を押圧して前記平板素材の肉厚を減肉させるローラと、前記主軸回転軸心で回転する平板素材の表面を押圧した状態で前記ローラを少なくとも前記主軸回転軸心に対して接近或いは離間する方向に移動させるローラ移動機構と、運転を制御する制御手段とを備えた塑性加工装置であって、
前記ローラが前記ローラ回転軸心を含む断面視で直線となる加工平面を備え、前記加工平面が前記ローラの移動方向に対して鋭角に角度θ1傾斜して形成され、
前記制御手段が前記ローラ移動機構を制御して、前記加工平面にて前記平板素材の表面を押圧した状態で前記ローラを前記移動方向に移動させることにより、前記平板素材が前記ローラの前記移動方向側に位置する壁面に当接した状態で、前記平板素材の肉厚を減肉させて、前記加工平面と前記マンドレルとの間に増肉部を形成させる構成で、前記ローラの前記加工平面における前記移動方向側の先端より後端側に前記増肉部の前記移動方向側の先端が位置する状態で、前記制御手段による前記ローラの移動を完了するように構成され、
前記制御手段が前記ローラ移動機構を制御して、前記ローラを少なくとも前記主軸回転軸心に対して接近する方向に移動させる構成で、
前記ローラの前記ローラ回転軸心が、前記ローラの前記移動方向に対して鋭角に角度θ2傾斜して形成され、前記角度θ1と前記角度θ2とが、θ2<θ1を満たすとともに、
前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側とは反対側の後端と前記主軸回転軸心との距離をD1、前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側の先端と前記主軸回転軸心との距離をD2とし、前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側とは反対側の後端と前記ローラ回転軸心との距離をP1、前記増肉部における前記ローラの前記移動方向側の先端と前記ローラ回転軸心との距離をP2とした場合に、これら各距離が、P2/P1=D2/D1を満たすように設定されている塑性加工装置。
A main shaft driven and rotated by a main shaft rotation axis, a mandrel provided at the tip of the main shaft, for attaching a flat plate material, a clamping mechanism for clamping the flat plate material between the mandrel, and a roller rotation shaft. A roller that presses the surface of the sandwiched flat plate material to reduce the thickness of the flat plate material, and at least the roller in a state of pressing the surface of the flat plate material that rotates around the spindle rotation axis. A plastic working device comprising a roller moving mechanism for moving in a direction approaching or separating from the spindle rotation axis, and a control means for controlling operation,
The roller has a processing plane that is a straight line in a cross-sectional view including the roller rotation axis, and the processing plane is formed with an acute angle θ1 with respect to the moving direction of the roller,
The control means controls the roller moving mechanism to move the roller in the moving direction while pressing the surface of the flat plate material on the processing plane, so that the flat plate material moves in the moving direction of the roller. In a state in which the thickness of the flat plate material is reduced in a state of being in contact with the wall surface located on the side, a thickened portion is formed between the processing plane and the mandrel, and the roller in the processing plane In a state where the leading end on the moving direction side of the thickening portion is located on the rear end side from the leading end on the moving direction side, the movement of the roller by the control means is completed .
The control means controls the roller moving mechanism to move the roller in a direction approaching at least the spindle rotation axis,
The roller rotation axis of the roller is formed at an acute angle θ2 with respect to the moving direction of the roller, and the angle θ1 and the angle θ2 satisfy θ2 <θ1.
The distance between the rear end of the thickening portion opposite to the moving direction side of the roller and the main shaft rotation axis is D1, the front end of the roller in the moving direction side of the thickening portion and the main shaft rotation shaft. The distance from the center is D2, the distance between the rear end opposite to the moving direction side of the roller in the thickening portion and the roller rotation axis is P1, and the moving direction of the roller in the thickening portion A plastic working apparatus in which each distance is set to satisfy P2 / P1 = D2 / D1, where P2 is a distance between the tip on the side and the roller rotation axis .
前記マンドレルの上面の中心部には柱状の突出部が形成され且つ当該突出部の外周側には凹部が形成されるとともに、前記挟持機構はチャック棒を備えて構成され、
前記平板素材が、前記突出部が当該平板素材の中心部に形成された開口部を貫通した状態で前記凹部に嵌め込まれて、前記ローラの前記移動方向側に位置する前記壁面としての前記凹部を形成する内側壁面に当接する構成とされ、
前記チャック棒の中空部分と前記突出部とが嵌合しつつ、前記チャック棒の先端が前記平板素材の表面に当接して、前記平板素材が前記チャック棒と前記マンドレルとにより挟持される請求項1に記載の塑性加工装置。
A columnar protrusion is formed at the center of the upper surface of the mandrel, and a recess is formed on the outer peripheral side of the protrusion, and the clamping mechanism includes a chuck bar.
The flat plate material is fitted into the concave portion with the protruding portion penetrating through an opening formed in the central portion of the flat plate material, and the concave portion as the wall surface located on the moving direction side of the roller is formed. It is configured to contact the inner wall surface to be formed,
The front end of the chuck bar abuts on the surface of the flat plate material while the hollow portion of the chuck bar and the protrusion are fitted, and the flat plate material is sandwiched between the chuck bar and the mandrel. The plastic working apparatus according to 1.
JP2009253293A 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Plastic processing equipment Expired - Fee Related JP5415904B2 (en)

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