JP5411764B2 - One-side resistance spot welding method and one-side resistance spot welding apparatus - Google Patents

One-side resistance spot welding method and one-side resistance spot welding apparatus Download PDF

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JP5411764B2
JP5411764B2 JP2010067265A JP2010067265A JP5411764B2 JP 5411764 B2 JP5411764 B2 JP 5411764B2 JP 2010067265 A JP2010067265 A JP 2010067265A JP 2010067265 A JP2010067265 A JP 2010067265A JP 5411764 B2 JP5411764 B2 JP 5411764B2
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健輔 坂井
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Subaru Corp
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Fuji Jukogyo KK
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Description

本発明は、被溶接部材の一方からのみ電極を当てて溶接する片側抵抗スポット溶接方法及び片側抵抗スポット溶接装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a one-side resistance spot welding method and a one-side resistance spot welding apparatus for welding by applying an electrode only from one of the members to be welded.

従来から、重ね合わされた板部材からなる被溶接部材の接合には、被溶接部材を一対の溶接電極で挟み加圧力を与えながら、両電極間に大電流を一定時間通電し、これにより接合部に発生する抵抗熱によりほぼ溶融温度まで上げてナゲットを形成することによって被溶接部材を接合するダイレクトスポット溶接やシリーズスポット溶接が行われる。   Conventionally, for joining welded members composed of stacked plate members, a large current is passed between the electrodes for a certain period of time while the welded member is sandwiched between a pair of welding electrodes and applied with pressure. Direct spot welding or series spot welding for joining the members to be welded by forming the nugget by raising the temperature almost to the melting temperature by the resistance heat generated in the welding is performed.

一方、自動車車体等の構造体における板部材のスポット溶接において、ダイレクトスポット溶接では、一方の溶接電極を配置するスペースがなく、また、シリーズスポット溶接ではバック電極の配置スペースがない場合がある。   On the other hand, in spot welding of a plate member in a structure such as an automobile body, direct spot welding may not have a space for arranging one welding electrode, and series spot welding may not have a space for arranging a back electrode.

この対策として、板部材が重ね合わされた被溶接部材の一方の側からのみで溶接することが可能な、片側抵抗スポット溶接が行われる。   As a countermeasure against this, one-side resistance spot welding is performed in which welding can be performed only from one side of a member to be welded on which plate members are superimposed.

この片側抵抗スポット溶接の一例を、図７を参照して説明する。第１板部材１０１と第２板部材１０２が重ね合わされた被溶接部材１００を片側抵抗スポット溶接するにあたり、第２板部材１０２にアース電極１０５を通電可能に接触させる一方、第１板部材１０１の表面に溶接電極１０６を当接して加圧力を付与すると、この溶接電極１０６により加圧付与された第１板部材１０１と第２板部材１０２が接合点ａで通電可能に接触して、溶接電極１０６から第１板部材１０１、接合点ａ、第２板部材１０２を介してアース電極１０５に至る溶接通電経路Ｘが形成される。   An example of this one-side resistance spot welding will be described with reference to FIG. When one-side resistance spot welding is performed on the member to be welded 100 in which the first plate member 101 and the second plate member 102 are overlapped, the ground electrode 105 is brought into contact with the second plate member 102 so as to be energized. When the welding electrode 106 is brought into contact with the surface to apply a pressing force, the first plate member 101 and the second plate member 102 pressed by the welding electrode 106 come into contact with each other at the junction point a so as to be energized, and the welding electrode 106 A welding energization path X extending from 106 to the ground electrode 105 through the first plate member 101, the junction point a, and the second plate member 102 is formed.

この第１板部材１０１と第２板部材１０２が接合点ａにおいて通電可能に接触した状態で、溶接電源となる溶接トランス１０７からの溶接電流ｉを溶接電極１０６からアース電極１０５に流す。そうすると、溶接電流ｉの一部ｉａは第１板部材１０１と第２板部材１０２の接合点ａを通る第１板部材１０１から第２板部材１０２に形成された溶接通電経路Ｘを流れることにより、接合点ａが加熱されて溶融し、ナゲットＮが形成される。   In a state where the first plate member 101 and the second plate member 102 are in contact with each other at the junction point a so that energization is possible, a welding current i from the welding transformer 107 serving as a welding power source is supplied from the welding electrode 106 to the ground electrode 105. Then, a part ia of the welding current i flows from the first plate member 101 passing through the junction point a between the first plate member 101 and the second plate member 102 through the welding energization path X formed in the second plate member 102. The junction point a is heated and melted, and the nugget N is formed.

また、溶接電極１０６からアース電極１０５間を流れる溶接電流ｉの一部ｉｂは、接合点ａを通らず、例えば第１板部材１０１から既に溶接した既溶接点ｂに分流する通電経路Ｘ１を経由して第２板部材１０２側に流れる。この分流電流ｉｂは接合点ａの発熱に殆ど寄与しない無効分流である。この無効分流ｉｂにより溶接通電経路Ｘを流れる電流の不足が起きて接合点ａにおけるナゲットＮの径が不足して必要強度が得られないことが懸念される。また、この無効分流ｉｂにより溶接通電経路Ｘを流れる電流が減少してナゲットＮの形成が遅くなり、ナゲットＮの形成よりも早く第１板部材１０１が加熱されて溶融して破損、いわゆる板切れが発生することが懸念される。   Further, a part ib of the welding current i flowing between the welding electrode 106 and the ground electrode 105 does not pass through the joint point a, for example, via the energization path X1 that diverts from the first plate member 101 to the already welded point b. Then, it flows to the second plate member 102 side. This shunt current ib is an invalid shunt that hardly contributes to the heat generation at the junction point a. There is a concern that this ineffective shunt ib causes a shortage of current flowing through the welding energization path X, resulting in a shortage of the diameter of the nugget N at the joint point a, and the required strength cannot be obtained. In addition, the current flowing through the welding energization path X is reduced by this ineffective diversion ib, and the formation of the nugget N is delayed, and the first plate member 101 is heated and melted earlier than the formation of the nugget N and is broken, so-called plate breakage There is a concern that this will occur.

この対策として被溶接部材１００を加熱して溶接部の電気抵抗を制御して無効分流を抑制する片側抵抗スポット溶接装置が特許文献１によって提案されている。この特許文献１による片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の概要を図８を参照して説明する。   As a countermeasure, Patent Document 1 proposes a one-side resistance spot welding apparatus that heats the member to be welded 100 and controls the electrical resistance of the welded portion to suppress the invalid shunt. The outline | summary of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus by this patent document 1 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

この溶接装置は、第１板部材１０１及び第２板溶接部材１０２が重ね合わされた被溶接部材１００に溶接電流を流す溶接電極１１１と、被溶接部材１００に予備電流を流す一対の予備電極１１２、１１３と、第２板部材１０２に通電可能に接触するアース電極１１４及びアース開閉スイッチ１１４ａを備える。   This welding apparatus includes a welding electrode 111 for supplying a welding current to a member to be welded 100 in which a first plate member 101 and a second plate welding member 102 are superimposed, and a pair of preliminary electrodes 112 for supplying a preliminary current to the member to be welded 100, 113, and a ground electrode 114 and a ground opening / closing switch 114a in contact with the second plate member 102 so as to be energized.

そして、片側抵抗スポット溶接に先立って、予め図８（ａ）に示すようにアース開閉スイッチ１１４ａがＯＦＦ状態で予備電極１１２、１１３を下降させて第1板部材１０１に当接させて被溶接部材１００を加圧し、かつ矢印Ａで示すように予備電極１１２から被溶接部材１００を介して予備電極１１３に予備電流を流して被溶接部材１００を加熱する。これにより被溶接部材１００が軟化した状態で加圧されて第１板部材１０１と第２板部材１０２間の隙間がなくなり第１板部材１０１と第２板部材１０２の接触状態が向上する。また、被溶接部材１００の温度上昇に伴って被溶接部材１００の電気抵抗が大きくなる。   Prior to the one-side resistance spot welding, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the preliminary electrodes 112 and 113 are lowered and brought into contact with the first plate member 101 while the ground opening / closing switch 114a is in the OFF state, as shown in FIG. 100, and the welding target member 100 is heated by applying a preliminary current from the preliminary electrode 112 to the preliminary electrode 113 through the welding target member 100 as indicated by an arrow A. As a result, the welded member 100 is pressurized in a softened state, and the gap between the first plate member 101 and the second plate member 102 disappears, and the contact state between the first plate member 101 and the second plate member 102 is improved. Further, as the temperature of the member to be welded 100 increases, the electric resistance of the member to be welded 100 increases.

次に、図８（ｂ）に示すように、予備電極１１２、１１３を上昇して被溶接部材１００から離す一方、アース開閉スイッチ１１４ａをＯＮし、溶接電極１１１を下降させて被溶接部材１００を加圧する。これにより、高温状態にある被溶接部材１００から接触する溶接電極１１１に熱が逃げ、溶接電極１１１が当接する被溶接部材１００の溶接部１００ａの温度が低下する。この状態を所定時間保持して溶接部１００ａの温度を下げた後、溶接電極１１１から被溶接部材１００を介してアース電極１１４に溶接電流を矢印Ｂで示すように流す。ここで、温度の下がった溶接部１００ａは周囲の温度の高い部分よりも電気抵抗が小さくなるので溶接電流が溶接部１００ａに集中して流れ効率的にナゲットＮが形成される。しかる後、溶接電極１１１による溶接が終了し、図８（ｃ）に示すように溶接電極１１１を被溶接部材１００から離す。   Next, as shown in FIG. 8B, the preliminary electrodes 112 and 113 are raised and separated from the member to be welded 100, while the earth opening / closing switch 114a is turned on and the welding electrode 111 is lowered to lower the member to be welded 100. Pressurize. As a result, heat escapes from the welded member 100 that is in a high temperature state to the welding electrode 111 that is in contact, and the temperature of the welded portion 100a of the welded member 100 that the welded electrode 111 contacts is lowered. After maintaining this state for a predetermined time to lower the temperature of the welded portion 100a, a welding current is passed from the welding electrode 111 to the ground electrode 114 through the member to be welded 100 as indicated by an arrow B. Here, since the electrical resistance of the welded portion 100a having a reduced temperature is smaller than that of the surrounding high-temperature portion, the welding current concentrates on the welded portion 100a and the nugget N is efficiently formed. Thereafter, the welding by the welding electrode 111 is completed, and the welding electrode 111 is separated from the member to be welded 100 as shown in FIG.

特開２００７−１４９６８号公報JP 2007-14968 A

上記特許文献１によると、溶接電極１１１によるスポット溶接に先立って、予め被溶接部材１００に予備電流を流して加熱して軟化した状態で加圧して第１板部材１０１と第２板部材１０２の接触状態が向上し、かつ溶接電極１１１を被溶接部材１００に当接させて溶接部１００ａの温度を低下させることで周囲に対する溶接部１００ａの電気抵抗が小さくなり、溶接電流が溶接部１００ａに集中して流れて分流による無効電流が減少する。   According to Patent Document 1, prior to spot welding with the welding electrode 111, the first plate member 101 and the second plate member 102 are pressurized by applying a preliminary current to the member to be welded 100 in advance and heating and softening. The contact state is improved, and the temperature of the welded part 100a is lowered by bringing the welding electrode 111 into contact with the welded member 100 to reduce the electrical resistance of the welded part 100a with respect to the surroundings, and the welding current is concentrated on the welded part 100a. Thus, the reactive current due to the shunting is reduced.

しかし、片側抵抗スポット溶接において加熱されて溶融が懸念される被溶接部材１００の第１板部材１０１を予め加熱することから、スポット溶接の際に懸念される過熱による被溶接部材１００の板切れの発生が助長され、安定した溶接品質が得られないことが懸念される。   However, since the first plate member 101 of the member to be welded 100, which is heated in one-side resistance spot welding and is feared to be melted, is preliminarily heated, the plate of the member to be welded 100 is cut due to overheating that is concerned during spot welding. There is a concern that the generation is promoted and stable welding quality cannot be obtained.

従って、かかる点に鑑みてなされた本発明の目的は、均一な安定した溶接品質が得られる片側抵抗スポット溶接方法及び片側抵抗スポット溶接装置を提供することにある。   Therefore, the objective of this invention made | formed in view of this point is providing the one-side resistance spot welding method and the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus which can obtain the uniform stable welding quality.

上記目的を達成する請求項１に記載の発明による片側抵抗スポット溶接方法は、重ね合
の板部材からなる被溶接部材の溶接部に溶接電極を当接して加圧力を付与した状態で前記溶接電極と被溶接部材に接触するアース電極間に溶接電流を通電して被溶接部材を溶接する片側抵抗スポット溶接方法において、前記被溶接部材の溶接部に前記溶接電極を当接して被溶接部材に加圧力を付与しかつ該溶接電極を囲むように配設されたサブ電極の先端を前記被溶接部材に当接した状態で、前記溶接電極と前記アース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しかつ前記サブ電極と前記アース電極間にアース電流を通電して片側抵抗スポット溶接することを特徴とする。 The one-side resistance spot welding method according to claim 1, which achieves the above object, is the welding electrode in a state in which a welding electrode is brought into contact with a welded portion of a member to be welded composed of overlapping plate members and pressure is applied. In a one-side resistance spot welding method in which a welding current is passed between a ground electrode and a ground electrode contacting the welded member to weld the welded member, the weld electrode is brought into contact with the welded portion of the welded member and applied to the welded member. Applying a welding current between the welding electrode and the ground electrode with the pressure applied and the tip of the sub-electrode disposed so as to surround the welding electrode in contact with the member to be welded; One-side resistance spot welding is performed by supplying a ground current between the sub electrode and the ground electrode.

これによると、サブ電極の先端から被溶接部材に流れるサブ電流によって溶接部を囲む部分の電位が高められ、溶接電極から被溶接部材を流れる無効分流が抑制されて、溶接電極によって加圧された溶接部における板部材間の接合点に形成される溶接通電経路に集中して溶接電流が流れ、接合点に効率的にナゲットが形成され、均一な安定した良好な溶接品質が得られる。また、予め被溶接部材を加熱する必要がなくなり、片側抵抗スポット溶接の際に被溶接部材が過剰に加熱される、いわゆる過熱による被溶接部材の板切れ等の破損が回避されて、安定した均一な溶接品質が得られる。   According to this, the potential of the portion surrounding the welded portion is increased by the sub current flowing from the tip of the sub electrode to the welded member, the ineffective diversion flowing from the weld electrode to the welded member is suppressed, and the weld electrode is pressurized. A welding current flows in a concentrated manner in the welding energization path formed at the joint between the plate members in the welded portion, and a nugget is efficiently formed at the joint, so that uniform and stable good welding quality can be obtained. In addition, it is not necessary to heat the member to be welded in advance, and the member to be welded is excessively heated during the one-side resistance spot welding, so that damage to the member to be welded due to so-called overheating is avoided and stable and uniform. High welding quality.

上記目的を達成する請求項２に記載の発明による片側抵抗スポット溶接装置は、重ね合わされた複数の板部材からなる被溶接部材の溶接部に溶接電極を当接して加圧力を付与した状態で前記溶接電極と被溶接部材に接触するアース電極間に溶接電流を通電して被溶接部材を溶接する片側抵抗スポット溶接装置において、前記被溶接部材の溶接部に当接して被溶接部材に加圧力を付与する溶接電極と、該溶接電極を囲むように配設されかつ被溶接部材に先端が当接するサブ電極と、前記被溶接部材に接触するアース電極と、前記溶接電極と前記アース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しかつ前記サブ電極と前記アース電極間にアース電流を通電する溶接通電回路と、を備えたことを特徴とする。   The one-side resistance spot welding apparatus according to claim 2, which achieves the above-described object, is a state in which a welding electrode is brought into contact with a welded portion of a member to be welded composed of a plurality of stacked plate members to apply pressure. In a one-side resistance spot welding apparatus that welds a member to be welded by passing a welding current between a ground electrode that contacts the welding electrode and the member to be welded, a pressure is applied to the member to be welded by contacting the welded portion of the member to be welded. A welding electrode to be applied, a sub-electrode disposed so as to surround the welding electrode and having a tip abutting on the member to be welded, a ground electrode in contact with the member to be welded, and between the welding electrode and the ground electrode And a welding energization circuit for energizing a welding current and energizing a ground current between the sub electrode and the ground electrode.

この片側抵抗スポット溶接装置によると、溶接電極を被溶接部材の溶接部に当接して加圧力を付与し、サブ電極を被溶接部材に当接した状態で溶接電極とアース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しサブ電極とアース電極間にアース電流を通電することで、サブ電極の先端から被溶接部材に流れるサブ電流によって溶接部を囲む部分の電位が高められ、溶接電極から被溶接部材を流れる無効分流が抑制され、溶接部における板部材間の接合点に形成される溶接通電経路に集中して溶接電流が流れ、接合点に効率的にナゲットが形成され、均一な安定した良好な溶接品質が得られる。また、予め被溶接部材を加熱する必要がなくなり、片側抵抗スポット溶接の際に被溶接部材が過剰に加熱される、いわゆる過熱による被溶接部材の板切れ等の破損が回避されて、安定した均一な溶接品質が得られる。   According to this one-side resistance spot welding apparatus, the welding electrode is brought into contact with the welded portion of the member to be welded to apply pressure, and the sub electrode is welded between the welding electrode and the ground electrode in contact with the member to be welded. By energizing the current and energizing the ground current between the sub electrode and the ground electrode, the potential of the portion surrounding the welded portion is increased by the sub current flowing from the tip of the sub electrode to the welded member, and the welded electrode is moved from the weld electrode to the welded member. Ineffective shunt flow is suppressed, welding current flows concentrated on the welding current path formed at the joint between the plate members in the weld, and nuggets are efficiently formed at the joint, uniform and stable good welding Quality is obtained. In addition, it is not necessary to heat the member to be welded in advance, and the member to be welded is excessively heated during the one-side resistance spot welding, so that damage to the member to be welded due to so-called overheating is avoided and stable and uniform. High welding quality.

請求項３に記載の発明による片側抵抗スポット溶接装置は、重ね合わされた複数の板部材からなる被溶接部材の溶接部に溶接電極を当接して加圧力を付与した状態で前記溶接電極と被溶接部材に接触するアース電極間に溶接電流を通電して被溶接部材を溶接する片側抵抗スポット溶接装置において、ベース部と、溶接電極と、前記ベース部に搭載されて前記溶接電極を支持すると共に該溶接電極を前記被溶接部材の溶接部に当接して前記被溶接部材に加圧力を付与する加圧位置と被溶接部材から離反する退避位置との間で進退移動せしめる溶接電極可動アクチュエータと、前記溶接電極を囲むように配設されかつ前記被溶接部材に先端が当接するサブ電極と、前記ベース部に搭載されて前記サブ電極を支持すると共に該サブ電極を先端が前記被溶接部材に当接する当接位置と被溶接部材から離反する退避位置との間で進退移動せしめるサブ電極可動アクチュエータと、前記被溶接部材に接触するアース電極と、前記溶接電極と前記アース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しかつ前記サブ電極と前記アース電極間にアース電流を通電する溶接通電回路と、を備えたことを特徴とする。   A one-side resistance spot welding apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the welding electrode and the welding target in a state in which the welding electrode is brought into contact with the welding portion of the welding target member composed of a plurality of stacked plate members to apply pressure. In a one-side resistance spot welding apparatus for welding a member to be welded by passing a welding current between ground electrodes in contact with a member, the base portion, the welding electrode, and the base electrode mounted on the base portion to support the welding electrode and A welding electrode movable actuator that abuts the welding electrode on a welded portion of the member to be welded to move the welding electrode forward and backward between a pressurizing position that applies pressure to the member to be welded and a retracted position that is separated from the member to be welded; A sub-electrode disposed so as to surround the welding electrode and having a tip abutting against the member to be welded; and mounted on the base portion to support the sub-electrode, and the tip of the sub-electrode is A sub-electrode movable actuator that moves forward and backward between a contact position that contacts the welding member and a retracted position that is separated from the welded member, a ground electrode that contacts the welded member, and the welding electrode and the ground electrode And a welding energization circuit for energizing a welding current therebetween and energizing a ground current between the sub electrode and the earth electrode.

この片側抵抗スポット溶接装置によると、溶接電極可動アクチュエータにより溶接電極を加圧位置に移動して被溶接部材の溶接部に当接して加圧力を付与すると共にサブ電極可動アクチュエータによりサブ電極を当接位置に移動して被溶接部材に当接した状態で、溶接電極とアース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しサブ電極とアース電極間にアース電流を通電することで、サブ電極の先端から被溶接部材に流れるサブ電流によって溶接部を囲む部分の電位が高められ、溶接電極から被溶接部材を流れる無効分流が抑制され、溶接部における板部材間の接合点に形成される溶接通電経路に集中して溶接電流が流れ、接合点に効率的にナゲットが形成され、均一な安定した溶接品質が得られる。   According to this one-side resistance spot welding apparatus, the welding electrode is moved to the pressurizing position by the welding electrode movable actuator and is brought into contact with the welded portion of the member to be welded to apply pressure, and the sub electrode is brought into contact with the sub electrode movable actuator. In the state of moving to the position and in contact with the member to be welded, a welding current is passed between the welding electrode and the ground electrode, and a ground current is passed between the sub electrode and the ground electrode, so that The sub-current flowing in the welding member increases the potential of the portion surrounding the welded portion, and the ineffective diversion flowing from the welding electrode to the welded member is suppressed, concentrating on the welding current path formed at the junction between the plate members in the welded portion. As a result, a welding current flows, a nugget is efficiently formed at the joint, and a uniform and stable welding quality is obtained.

請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項２または３の片側抵抗スポット溶接装置において、前記サブ電極の先端に配置される弾性変形可能で導電性を有する導電体を備えたことを特徴とする。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus according to the second or third aspect, an elastically deformable conductive material disposed at the tip of the sub-electrode is provided.

これによると、サブ電極の先端に環状で弾性変形可能で導電性を有する導電体を配置することで、サブ電極の先端と被溶接部材の表面とが相対的に傾斜する場合や、被溶接部材が若干湾曲面状或いは凹凸状等に形成された場合でも、導電体を介してサブ電極の先端と被溶接部材と通電性が確保でき、安定した均一な溶接品質が得られる。   According to this, a case where the tip of the sub-electrode and the surface of the member to be welded are relatively inclined by arranging an annular, elastically deformable and conductive conductor at the tip of the sub-electrode, Even if it is formed in a slightly curved surface shape or uneven shape, the electrical conductivity between the tip of the sub electrode and the member to be welded can be ensured via the conductor, and stable and uniform welding quality can be obtained.

請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項４の片側抵抗スポット溶接装置において、前記導電体は、銅網線であることを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 5 is the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the conductor is a copper mesh wire.

これによると、導電体を環状の銅網線によって形成することで、環状導電体の導電性、耐熱性、耐摩耗性の耐久性が確保できる。   According to this, the electrical conductivity of the annular conductor, heat resistance, and durability of wear resistance can be ensured by forming the conductor with an annular copper mesh wire.

本発明によると、サブ電極の先端から被溶接部材に流れるサブ電流によって溶接部を囲む部分の電位が高められ、溶接電極から被溶接部材を流れる無効分流が抑制されて、溶接電流が溶板部材間の接合点に形成される溶接通電経路に集中して流れ、接合点に効率的にナゲットが形成され、均一な安定した溶接品質が得られる。   According to the present invention, the potential surrounding the welded portion is increased by the sub current flowing from the tip of the sub electrode to the member to be welded, the invalid shunt flowing from the welding electrode to the member to be welded is suppressed, and the welding current is supplied to the plate member. It flows in a concentrated manner in the welding energization path formed at the joint point between them, and nuggets are efficiently formed at the joint point, and uniform and stable welding quality is obtained.

本発明の一実施の形態に係る片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の概要を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the outline | summary of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. 図１における片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の概要を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus in FIG. 片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の作動状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the operating state of a one-side resistance spot welding apparatus. 同じく、片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の作動状態を示す側面図である。Similarly, it is a side view which shows the operating state of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus. 片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の要部作用説明図である。It is principal part action explanatory drawing of a one-side resistance spot welding apparatus. サブ電極の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a sub electrode. 従来の片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the conventional one side resistance spot welding apparatus. 従来の片側抵抗スポット溶接装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the conventional one side resistance spot welding apparatus.

以下、本発明の一実施の形態について、図１〜図６を参照して説明する。図１は片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０の概要を示す正面図、図２は側面図であり、図３は作動状態を示す片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０の概要を示す正面図、図４は側面図である。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a front view showing an outline of a one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10, FIG. 2 is a side view, FIG. 3 is a front view showing an outline of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 showing an operating state, and FIG. 4 is a side view. is there.

片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０の説明に先立って、被溶接部材５０について説明する。被溶接部材５０は、複数の板部材、本実施の形態においては２枚の第１板部材５１及び第２板部材５２からなり、第１板部材５１の表面側からの片側スポット溶接による第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２との片側抵抗スポット溶接が行われる。   Prior to the description of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10, the member to be welded 50 will be described. The member 50 to be welded includes a plurality of plate members, in the present embodiment, two first plate members 51 and second plate members 52, and the first one by one-side spot welding from the surface side of the first plate member 51. One-side resistance spot welding of the plate member 51 and the second plate member 52 is performed.

片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０は、溶接ロボット１のロボットアーム２に取り付けられる支持ブラケット１１に支持されるベース部１２を備える。ベース部１２の下面にエアシリンダ、サーボシリンダ、或いはサーボモータ等からなる溶接極可動アクチュエータ１３が搭載される。溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３の駆動力により軸方向に進退するロッド１４を備え、ロッド１４の先端にシャンク１５が配設され、シャンク１５の先端に溶接電極１６が設けられる。これにより、溶接電極１６は、溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３に支持されると共に溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３の作動により上昇移動端の退避位置と被溶接部材５０の第１板部材５１の表面に当接して加圧力を付与する加圧位置との間で移動する。この溶接電極１６による加圧力により被溶接部材５０の第１板部材５２と第２板部材５２とが通電可能に圧接する。   The one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 includes a base portion 12 supported by a support bracket 11 attached to the robot arm 2 of the welding robot 1. A welding pole movable actuator 13 composed of an air cylinder, a servo cylinder, a servo motor or the like is mounted on the lower surface of the base portion 12. A rod 14 that advances and retracts in the axial direction by the driving force of the welding electrode movable actuator 13 is provided. A shank 15 is disposed at the tip of the rod 14, and a welding electrode 16 is provided at the tip of the shank 15. As a result, the welding electrode 16 is supported by the welding electrode movable actuator 13, and the welding electrode movable actuator 13 is actuated to contact the retracted position of the rising movement end and the surface of the first plate member 51 of the member to be welded 50. It moves between pressurization positions that apply pressure. The first plate member 52 and the second plate member 52 of the member to be welded 50 are in pressure contact with each other so as to be energized by the pressure applied by the welding electrode 16.

溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３に隣接してベース部１２の下面に溶接電極用コネクタ１７が取り付けられ、溶接電極用コネクタ１７とロッド１４とが複数の銅導体によって形成された帯板状のフレキシブルケーブル１８によって通電可能に接続される。   A welding electrode connector 17 is attached to the lower surface of the base portion 12 adjacent to the welding electrode movable actuator 13, and the welding electrode connector 17 and the rod 14 are formed by a strip-like flexible cable 18 formed of a plurality of copper conductors. It is connected so that it can be energized.

ベース部１２の下面に溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３に隣接してエアシリンダ、サーボシリンダ、或いはサーボモータ等のからなるサブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３が搭載される。サブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３の駆動力によりロッド１４と平行な軸方向に進退するロッド２４を備え、ロッド２４の先端にサブ電極支持部２５を介してロッド１４と同軸方向に断面環状で延在して溶接電極１６を囲む円筒状のサブ電極２６が設けられる。サブ電極２６の先端２６ａはロッド１４の進退方向と同軸状でかつロッド１４の進退方向と直交する環状面に形成される。   A sub-electrode movable actuator 23 composed of an air cylinder, a servo cylinder, a servo motor or the like is mounted on the lower surface of the base portion 12 adjacent to the welding electrode movable actuator 13. A rod 24 that advances and retreats in the axial direction parallel to the rod 14 by the driving force of the sub-electrode movable actuator 23 is provided, and extends at a tip end of the rod 24 in an annular shape in a cross-section in the same direction as the rod 14 via a sub-electrode support portion 25. A cylindrical sub-electrode 26 surrounding the welding electrode 16 is provided. The tip 26a of the sub electrode 26 is formed in an annular surface that is coaxial with the forward / backward direction of the rod 14 and orthogonal to the forward / backward direction of the rod 14.

これにより、サブ電極２６は、サブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３に支持されると共にサブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３の作動により上昇移動端の退避位置と被溶接部材５０の第１板部材５１の表面に先端２６ａが通電可能に当接する当接位置との間で移動する。   As a result, the sub electrode 26 is supported by the sub electrode movable actuator 23 and the tip 26 a is energized to the retracted position of the ascending moving end and the surface of the first plate member 51 of the welded member 50 by the operation of the sub electrode movable actuator 23. It moves between contact positions where contact is possible.

サブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３に隣接してベース部１２の下面にサブ電極用コネクタ２７が取り付けられ、サブ電極用コネクタ２７とロッド２４とが複数の銅導体によって形成された帯板状のフレキシブルケーブル２８によって接続される。更に、第２板部材５２に通電可能に接触するアース電極３０を備える。   A sub-electrode connector 27 is attached to the lower surface of the base portion 12 adjacent to the sub-electrode movable actuator 23, and the sub-electrode connector 27 and the rod 24 are formed by a strip-like flexible cable 28 formed of a plurality of copper conductors. Connected. Furthermore, the earth electrode 30 which contacts the 2nd board member 52 so that electricity supply is possible is provided.

更に溶接電源として通電時間が制御される溶接トランス４１を有し、溶接電極１６が被溶接部材５０に当接して加圧力を付与すると共にサブ電極２６が被溶接部材５０に接触した状態で溶接電極１６とアース電極３０との間に溶接電流Ｉを通電しかつサブ電極２６とアース電極３０との間にアース電流ｉを通電する溶接通電回路４０を備える。   Further, the welding transformer 41 having a controlled energization time is provided as a welding power source. The welding electrode 16 abuts against the member to be welded 50 to apply pressure, and the sub electrode 26 contacts the member to be welded 50. A welding energization circuit 40 that energizes a welding current I between 16 and the earth electrode 30 and energizes an earth current i between the sub electrode 26 and the earth electrode 30 is provided.

この溶接通電回路４０は、溶接トランス４１の２次側出力端子４２が電線を介して溶接電極用コネクタ１７に接続され、溶接電極用コネクタ１７、フレキシブルケーブル１８、ロッド１４及びシャンク１５を介して溶接電極１６に接続される。また、溶接トランスの２次側出力端子４３が可変抵抗器等の電流値設定手段４５が介在する電線を介してサブ電極用コネクタ２７に接続され、サブ電極用コネクタ２７、フレキシブルケーブル２８、ロッド２４及びサブ電極支持部２５を介してサブ電極２６に接続される。更に、溶接トランス４１の２次側アース端子４４は電線を介して第２板部材５１に通電可能に接触するアース電極３０に接続される。   In this welding energization circuit 40, the secondary output terminal 42 of the welding transformer 41 is connected to the welding electrode connector 17 via an electric wire, and welding is performed via the welding electrode connector 17, the flexible cable 18, the rod 14, and the shank 15. Connected to electrode 16. Further, the secondary output terminal 43 of the welding transformer is connected to the sub electrode connector 27 via an electric wire having a current value setting means 45 such as a variable resistor interposed therebetween. The sub electrode connector 27, the flexible cable 28, and the rod 24 are connected. And connected to the sub-electrode 26 via the sub-electrode support 25. Further, the secondary side ground terminal 44 of the welding transformer 41 is connected to the ground electrode 30 that is in contact with the second plate member 51 so as to be energized via an electric wire.

溶接ロボット１のロボットアーム２は、図示しないロボット制御部の作動制御により作動して、片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０を三次元方向に移動可能に構成する。そして、溶接ロボット１は、片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０を各打点位置、即ち溶接部に順次移動して被溶接部材５０に片側抵抗スポット溶接を行う。また、片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０の溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３及びサブ電極アクチュエータ２３の作動、溶接電極１８及びサブ電極２８への通電時間、電流値設定手段４５等の制御は図示しないスポット溶接制御部の作動制御によって行われる。   The robot arm 2 of the welding robot 1 is operated by an operation control of a robot control unit (not shown), and the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 is configured to be movable in a three-dimensional direction. Then, the welding robot 1 sequentially moves the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 to each spot position, that is, the welded portion, and performs one-side resistance spot welding on the member 50 to be welded. Further, the operation of the welding electrode movable actuator 13 and the sub electrode actuator 23 of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10, the energization time to the welding electrode 18 and the sub electrode 28, the control of the current value setting means 45, etc. are controlled by a spot welding control unit (not shown). This is done by operating control.

次に、図１乃至図５を参照して片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０の作動を説明する。   Next, the operation of the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

被溶接部材５０の第２溶接部材５１にアース電極３０を接続する。一方、溶接電極１６及びサブ電極２６を共に退避位置に保持し、かつ溶接電極１６及びサブ電極２６が共に非通電状態で片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０を、溶接ロボット１の位置制御により被溶接部材５０の打点位置に移動、即ち図１及び図２に示すように溶接電極１６の先端１６ａが被溶接部材５０の溶接部５０ａと対向し、かつ溶接電極１６の先端１６ａ及びサブ電極２６の先端２６ａが第１板部材５１と予め設定された寸法だけ離間して対向する状態に設定、いわゆる位置出しをする。   The ground electrode 30 is connected to the second welding member 51 of the member to be welded 50. On the other hand, the welding electrode 16 and the sub-electrode 26 are both held at the retracted position, and the welding electrode 16 and the sub-electrode 26 are both in the non-energized state, and the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 is controlled by the position control of the welding robot 1. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 faces the welded portion 50a of the welded member 50, and the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 and the tip 26a of the sub electrode 26 are The first plate member 51 is set so as to be opposed to the first plate member 51 by a predetermined dimension, so-called positioning is performed.

この片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０の位置が設定された状態で、図３及び図４に作動状態を示すように、溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３の作動によりロッド１４を介して溶接電極１６を退避位置から加圧位置方向に突出するように移動させて溶接電極１６の先端１６ａを被溶接部材５０の溶接位置５０ａに圧接させ、かつ加圧位置において加圧力を付与する。この溶接電極１６により加圧力が付与された第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２が接合点ａで通電可能に接触して、図５に示すように溶接電極１６から第１板部材５１、接合点ａ、第２板部材５２を介してアース電極３０に至る溶接通電経路Ｘが形成される。   With the position of the one-side resistance spot welding device 10 set, the welding electrode 16 is added from the retracted position via the rod 14 by the operation of the welding electrode movable actuator 13 as shown in the operation state in FIGS. The tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 is moved so as to protrude in the pressure position direction so as to come into pressure contact with the welding position 50a of the member to be welded 50, and pressure is applied at the pressure position. The first plate member 51 and the second plate member 52 to which pressure is applied by the welding electrode 16 are in contact with each other so as to be energized at the joining point a, and as shown in FIG. A welding energization path X reaching the ground electrode 30 through the junction point a and the second plate member 52 is formed.

同様に、サブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３の作動によりロッド２４を介してサブ電極２６を退避位置から当接位置に移動させてサブ電極２６の先端２６ａを第１板部材５１に通電可能に圧接する。このサブ電極２６の先端２６ａの圧接は、溶接電極１６の先端１６ａが圧接する溶接位置５０ａから等距離、即ち同軸上で環状の先端２６ａがその全周面に亘って溶接部５０ａを囲むように環状部分に圧接する。   Similarly, the sub electrode 26 is moved from the retracted position to the contact position via the rod 24 by the operation of the sub electrode movable actuator 23, and the tip 26a of the sub electrode 26 is pressed against the first plate member 51 so as to be energized. The pressure contact of the tip 26a of the sub-electrode 26 is the same distance from the welding position 50a where the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 is pressed, that is, the coaxial tip 26a surrounds the welded portion 50a over the entire circumferential surface. Press contact with the annular part.

このサブ電極２６の先端２６ａの圧接により、溶接部５０ａから等距離で溶接部５０ａを囲む環状にサブ電極２６の先端２６ａが接触する第１板部材５１の接触部５０ｂから第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２の接合部、例えば、既に溶接した既溶接点ｂから第２板部材５２を介してアース電極３０に至るサブ通電経路Ｙが形成される。   Due to the pressure contact of the tip 26a of the sub electrode 26, the first plate member 51 and the first plate member 51 are contacted from the contact portion 50b of the first plate member 51 in which the tip 26a of the sub electrode 26 contacts in an annular shape surrounding the weld 50a at an equal distance from the weld 50a. A sub-energization path Y is formed from the joint portion of the second plate member 52, for example, the already welded point b, which has already been welded, to the ground electrode 30 via the second plate member 52.

この第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２が接合点ａで通電可能に接触した状態で、溶接トランス４１から溶接電極１６に溶接電流Ｉを流す一方、同時に溶接トランス４１から電流値設定手段４５によって設定されたサブ電流ｉをサブ電極２６に流す。   While the first plate member 51 and the second plate member 52 are in contact with each other at the junction point a so as to be energized, a welding current I is allowed to flow from the welding transformer 41 to the welding electrode 16 and at the same time, the current value setting means 45 from the welding transformer 41 The sub-current i set by is passed through the sub-electrode 26.

これにより、図５に要部作用説明図を示すように、溶接電極１６に流す溶接電流Ｉの一部Ｉａは、溶接電極１６の先端１６ａから第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２の接合点ａを通るように第１板部材５１から第２板部材５２を介してアース電極３０に至たる溶接通電経路Ｘを流れることにより、接合点ａが加熱されて溶融し、接合点ａにナゲットＮが形成される。また、溶接電流Ｉの一部Ｉｂは接合点ａを通らず溶接電極１６の先端１６ａから、例えば第１板部材５１から既に溶接した既溶接点ｂ側に分流することが懸念される。この分流Ｉｂは接合点ａの発熱に殆ど寄与しない無効分流である。   As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the part Ia of the welding current I flowing through the welding electrode 16 is joined from the tip 16 a of the welding electrode 16 to the first plate member 51 and the second plate member 52. The joint point a is heated and melted by flowing through the welding energization path X from the first plate member 51 through the second plate member 52 to the ground electrode 30 so as to pass through the point a, and the nugget at the joint point a. N is formed. Further, there is a concern that a part Ib of the welding current I does not pass through the joint point a and is diverted from the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 to, for example, the already welded point b side already welded from the first plate member 51. This diversion Ib is an ineffective diversion that hardly contributes to the heat generation at the junction a.

一方、サブ電極２６に流すサブ電流ｉの一部ｉａは、環状の先端２６ａから第１板部材５１を介して接触部５０ｂから第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２の接合部である既溶接点ｂから第２板部材５２を介してアース電極３０に至るサブ通電経路Ｙを流れる。また、サブ電流ｉの一部ｉｂはサブ電極２６の先端２６ａから第１板部材５１と第２板部材５１の接合点ａ側に分流する。   On the other hand, a part ia of the sub-current i that flows to the sub-electrode 26 is an already-connected portion of the first plate member 51 and the second plate member 52 from the contact portion 50b through the first plate member 51 from the annular tip 26a. It flows through the sub-conduction path Y from the welding point b to the ground electrode 30 via the second plate member 52. Further, a part ib of the sub current i is diverted from the tip 26 a of the sub electrode 26 to the junction point a side of the first plate member 51 and the second plate member 51.

ここで、サブ電極２６の先端２６ａから第１板部材５１に流れるサブ電流ｉによって第１板部材５１のサブ通電経路Ｙ部分の電位が高められ、換言すると溶接部５０ａを囲む部分の電位が高められる。この結果、この高められた溶接部５０ａを囲む部分の電位と、溶接電極１６の先端１６ａから第１板部材５１の既溶接点ｂ側等に流れる無効分流Ｉｂとの電位の差、即ち電位差が減少、或いは電位差がなくなる。この電位差の減少或いは電位差がなくなることによって溶接電極１６の先端１６ａから既溶接ｂ側等に流れる無効分流Ｉｂが減少して溶接電流Ｉが溶接通電経路Ｘに集中して流れ効率的に接合点ａにナゲットＮが形成される。   Here, the potential of the sub energization path Y portion of the first plate member 51 is increased by the sub current i flowing from the tip 26a of the sub electrode 26 to the first plate member 51. In other words, the potential of the portion surrounding the welded portion 50a is increased. It is done. As a result, the potential difference between the increased potential surrounding the welded portion 50a and the reactive shunt Ib flowing from the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 to the already welded point b side of the first plate member 51, that is, the potential difference is Decrease or no potential difference. By reducing the potential difference or eliminating the potential difference, the invalid shunt Ib flowing from the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 to the welded b side or the like decreases, and the welding current I concentrates on the welding energization path X and flows efficiently. Nugget N is formed in

そして、予め設定された時間通電し、ナゲットＮが次第に大きくなり、第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２が溶接された後、溶接トランス４１から溶接電極１６及びサブ電極２６への溶接電流Ｉ及びサブ電流ｉの通電を停止しナゲットＮの形成を停止する。   Then, energization is performed for a preset time, the nugget N gradually increases, and after the first plate member 51 and the second plate member 52 are welded, a welding current I from the welding transformer 41 to the welding electrode 16 and the sub electrode 26 is obtained. And the energization of the sub-current i is stopped and the formation of the nugget N is stopped.

なお、サブ電極２６から第１板部材５１に流れるサブ電流ｉによる溶接部５０ａを囲む部分の電位と、溶接電極１６の先端１６ａから第１板部材５１の既溶接点ｂ側等に流れる無効分流Ｉｂとの電位差が大きいと、十分な無効分流Ｉｂの抑制が達成できず、効率的なナゲットＮの形成が得られず溶接強度の不足が懸念されると共に、サブ電極２６の先端２６の径が過大であると効率的な無効分流Ｉｂの抑制が達成できないことが懸念され、サブ電極２６の径が過少であると溶接電極１６の冷却に影響を及ぼすことから、第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２の接合点ａにける最適な溶接品質が確保できる溶接電流Ｉ、サブ電流ｉ、通電時間及びサブ電極２６の径等を予め実験やシミュレーション等に基づいて設定することが好ましい。   Note that the potential of the portion surrounding the welded portion 50a due to the subcurrent i flowing from the subelectrode 26 to the first plate member 51 and the reactive shunt flowing from the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 to the already welded point b side of the first plate member 51, etc. If the potential difference from Ib is large, sufficient suppression of reactive shunt Ib cannot be achieved, the formation of efficient nugget N cannot be obtained, and there is a concern about insufficient welding strength, and the diameter of tip 26 of sub-electrode 26 is large. If it is excessively large, there is a concern that efficient suppression of the invalid shunt Ib cannot be achieved. If the diameter of the sub-electrode 26 is excessively small, the cooling of the welding electrode 16 is affected. It is preferable that the welding current I, the sub current i, the energization time, the diameter of the sub electrode 26, and the like that can ensure the optimum welding quality at the joint point a of the plate member 52 are set in advance based on experiments, simulations, and the like.

次に、溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３の作動によりロッド１４を介して溶接電極１６を加圧位置から退避位置に移動させて溶接電極１６を被溶接部材５０から離す。また、同様にサブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３の作動によりロッド２４を介してサブ電極２６を被溶接部材５０から離す。   Next, the welding electrode movable actuator 13 is actuated to move the welding electrode 16 from the pressurizing position to the retracted position via the rod 14, thereby separating the welding electrode 16 from the member to be welded 50. Similarly, the sub electrode 26 is moved away from the welded member 50 through the rod 24 by the operation of the sub electrode movable actuator 23.

溶接電極１６及びサブ電極２６を後退位置に保持した状態で、溶接ロボット１の位置制御により片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０を溶接部材５０の次の打点位置に移動し、溶接電極１６の先端１６ａを被溶接部材５０の溶接位置５０ａと対向させて位置出しし、上記同様の作動を繰り返し、第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２との間にナゲットＮを形成してスポット溶接する。   With the welding electrode 16 and the sub-electrode 26 held in the retracted position, the one-side resistance spot welding device 10 is moved to the next spot position of the welding member 50 by the position control of the welding robot 1, and the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16 is covered. The welding member 50 is positioned facing the welding position 50a, the same operation as described above is repeated, and a nugget N is formed between the first plate member 51 and the second plate member 52 to perform spot welding.

以上述べたように、片側抵抗スポット溶接にあたり、溶接電極１６を囲む円筒状のサブ電極２６を備え、サブ電極２６の先端２６ａから第１板部材５１に流れるサブ電流ｉによって第１板部材５１の溶接部５０ａを囲む部分の電位を高めることで、無効分流Ｉｂが抑制されて溶接電流Ｉが溶接通電経路Ｘに集中して流れ効率的にナゲットＮを形成することが可能になると共に、予め被溶接部材５０を加熱する必要がなくなり、片側抵抗スポット溶接の際に被溶接部材５０が過剰に加熱される、いわゆる過熱による被溶接部材３０の板切れ等の破損が回避されて、安定した均一な溶接品質が得られる。   As described above, in the one-side resistance spot welding, the cylindrical sub-electrode 26 surrounding the welding electrode 16 is provided, and the first plate member 51 has the sub-current i flowing from the tip 26a of the sub-electrode 26 to the first plate member 51. By increasing the potential of the portion surrounding the welded portion 50a, the reactive diversion Ib is suppressed, the welding current I can be concentrated in the welding energization path X, and the nugget N can be efficiently formed. It is no longer necessary to heat the welding member 50, and the member to be welded 50 is excessively heated during one-side resistance spot welding, so that damage such as plate breakage of the member 30 to be welded due to so-called overheating is avoided, and stable and uniform Weld quality is obtained.

また、片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０は、ベース部１２に配置される溶接電極可動アクチュエータ１３によって進退移動する溶接電極１６、サブ電極可動アクチュエータ２３によって進退移動するサブ電極２６、溶接電極１６及びサブ電極２６にそれぞれ溶接電流及びサブ電流を供給する溶接電流回路４０等による簡単な構成で軽量及びコンパクトに形成することができる。片側抵抗スポット溶接装置１０が軽量でコンパクトであり、溶接ロボット１に容易に装着することができる。   Further, the one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 includes a welding electrode 16 that moves forward and backward by a welding electrode movable actuator 13 disposed on a base portion 12, a sub electrode 26 that moves forward and backward by a sub electrode movable actuator 23, a welding electrode 16, and a sub electrode 26. It is possible to form a light weight and compact with a simple configuration by a welding current circuit 40 or the like for supplying a welding current and a sub current respectively. The one-side resistance spot welding apparatus 10 is lightweight and compact, and can be easily attached to the welding robot 1.

また、上記実施の形態では、片側抵抗スポット溶接にあたり環状に形成されたサブ電極２６の先端２６ａが直接的に第１板部材５１に通電可能に圧接するように構成したが、図６に示すように、サブ電極２６の先端２６ａに環状で弾性変形可能な導電性に優れた導電体２９を配置することで、サブ電極２６の先端２６ａと第１板部材５１の表面とが相対的に傾斜する場合や、第１板部材５１が若干湾曲面状或いは凹凸面状に形成された場合でも、サブ電極２６の先端２６ａと第１板部材５１と接触性、換言すると良好な導電性を確保することができ、安定した均一な溶接品質が得られる。導電体２９は、例えば導電性、耐熱性及び耐摩耗性の耐久性に優れた環状の銅網線やステンレス網線、或いは銅線やステンレス線からなる環状の導電性ブラシ等によって形成することができる。   In the above embodiment, the tip 26a of the sub electrode 26 formed in an annular shape in the one-side resistance spot welding is configured to be in direct contact with the first plate member 51 so as to be energized, but as shown in FIG. In addition, by disposing a ring-shaped elastically deformable conductor 29 at the tip 26a of the sub-electrode 26, the tip 26a of the sub-electrode 26 and the surface of the first plate member 51 are relatively inclined. Even in the case where the first plate member 51 is formed in a slightly curved surface or an uneven surface shape, contact between the tip 26a of the sub electrode 26 and the first plate member 51, in other words, ensuring good conductivity. And stable and uniform welding quality can be obtained. The conductor 29 may be formed by, for example, an annular copper mesh wire or stainless steel mesh wire excellent in conductivity, heat resistance and wear resistance durability, or an annular conductive brush made of copper wire or stainless steel wire. it can.

また、導電体２９の摩耗や変形等による導電体２９と第１板部材５１との不完全な接触が発生した際には、サブ電極２６と第１板部材５１との間の導電性が低下することから、予め設定された基準となる電位差を閾値とし、サブ電極２６と第１板部材５１間の電位差が閾値に達した際に導電体２９の交換タイミングとすることができる。   Further, when incomplete contact between the conductor 29 and the first plate member 51 occurs due to wear or deformation of the conductor 29, the conductivity between the sub-electrode 26 and the first plate member 51 decreases. Therefore, the reference potential difference set in advance can be used as a threshold value, and the replacement timing of the conductor 29 can be set when the potential difference between the sub electrode 26 and the first plate member 51 reaches the threshold value.

なお、本発明は上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更可能である。例えば、上記実施の形態では電流値設定手段４５によりサブ電極２６に流すサブ電流ｉを制御して溶接部５０ａを囲む周囲の電位と、溶接電極１６の先端１６ａから第１板部材５１の既溶接点ｂ側等に流れる無効分流Ｉｂとの電位差を制御したが、フレキシブルケーブル２５の銅導体を増減することでサブ電流ｉを制御して溶接部５０ａを囲む部分の電位と、溶接電極１６の先端１６ａから第１板部材５１の既溶接点ｂ側等に流れる無効分流Ｉｂとの電位差を制御することができる。   In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the current value setting means 45 controls the sub-current i that flows through the sub-electrode 26 to control the surrounding potential surrounding the welded portion 50a and the already welded first plate member 51 from the tip 16a of the welding electrode 16. Although the potential difference with the reactive shunt Ib flowing on the point b side or the like was controlled, the potential of the portion surrounding the weld 50a by controlling the sub-current i by increasing / decreasing the copper conductor of the flexible cable 25 and the tip of the welding electrode 16 It is possible to control the potential difference from the reactive shunt Ib flowing from 16a to the already welded point b side of the first plate member 51 and the like.

また、被溶接部材５０は、第１板部材５１と第２板部材５２の２枚の板部材を重ねた場合を例に説明したが、３枚以上の複数の板部材を重ね合わせた場合にも適用することができる。   Moreover, although the to-be-welded member 50 demonstrated the case where the two plate members of the 1st plate member 51 and the 2nd plate member 52 were piled up as an example, when a plurality of three or more plate members were piled up, Can also be applied.

１ 溶接ロボット
１０ 片側スポット溶接装置
１１ 支持ブラケット
１２ ベース部
１３ 溶接電極可動アクチュエータ
１４ ロッド
１５ シャンク
１６ 溶接電極
２３ サブ電極可動アクチュエータ
２４ ロッド
２５ サブ電極支持部
２６ サブ電極
２６ａ 先端
２９ 導電体
３０ アース電極
４０ 溶接通電回路
４１ 溶接トランス
５０ 被溶接部材
５１ 第１板部材
５２ 第２板部材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Welding robot 10 One side spot welding apparatus 11 Support bracket 12 Base part 13 Welding electrode movable actuator 14 Rod 15 Shank 16 Welding electrode 23 Sub electrode movable actuator 24 Rod 25 Sub electrode supporting part 26 Sub electrode 26a Tip 29 Conductor 30 Ground electrode 40 Welding energization circuit 41 Welding transformer 50 Welded member 51 First plate member 52 Second plate member

Claims (5)

重ね合わされた複数の板部材からなる被溶接部材の溶接部に溶接電極を当接して加圧力を付与した状態で前記溶接電極と被溶接部材に接触するアース電極間に溶接電流を通電して被溶接部材を溶接する片側抵抗スポット溶接方法において、
前記被溶接部材の溶接部に前記溶接電極を当接して被溶接部材に加圧力を付与しかつ該溶接電極を囲むように配設されたサブ電極の先端を前記被溶接部材に当接した状態で、前記溶接電極と前記アース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しかつ前記サブ電極と前記アース電極間にアース電流を通電して片側抵抗スポット溶接することを特徴とする片側抵抗スポット溶接方法。 A welding current is passed between the welding electrode and the ground electrode in contact with the welded member in a state in which the welding electrode is brought into contact with the welded portion of the welded member made up of a plurality of stacked plate members to apply pressure. In the one-sided resistance spot welding method for welding the welding member,
A state in which the welding electrode is brought into contact with the welded portion of the member to be welded to apply pressure to the member to be welded and a tip of a sub-electrode disposed so as to surround the welding electrode is in contact with the member to be welded A one-side resistance spot welding method, wherein a one-side resistance spot welding is performed by passing a welding current between the welding electrode and the ground electrode and passing a ground current between the sub-electrode and the ground electrode. 重ね合わされた複数の板部材からなる被溶接部材の溶接部に溶接電極を当接して加圧力を付与した状態で前記溶接電極と被溶接部材に接触するアース電極間に溶接電流を通電して被溶接部材を溶接する片側抵抗スポット溶接装置において、
前記被溶接部材の溶接部に当接して被溶接部材に加圧力を付与する溶接電極と、
該溶接電極を囲むように配設されかつ被溶接部材に先端が当接するサブ電極と、
前記被溶接部材に接触するアース電極と、
前記溶接電極と前記アース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しかつ前記サブ電極と前記アース電極間にアース電流を通電する溶接通電回路と、
を備えたことを特徴とする片側抵抗スポット溶接装置。 A welding current is passed between the welding electrode and the ground electrode in contact with the welded member in a state in which the welding electrode is brought into contact with the welded portion of the welded member made up of a plurality of stacked plate members to apply pressure. In the one-side resistance spot welding device for welding the welding member,
A welding electrode that abuts the welded portion of the welded member and applies pressure to the welded member;
A sub-electrode disposed so as to surround the welding electrode and having a tip abutting against a member to be welded;
A ground electrode in contact with the member to be welded;
A welding energization circuit for energizing a welding current between the welding electrode and the ground electrode and energizing an earth current between the sub electrode and the ground electrode;
A one-side resistance spot welding apparatus comprising: 重ね合わされた複数の板部材からなる被溶接部材の溶接部に溶接電極を当接して加圧力を付与した状態で前記溶接電極と被溶接部材に接触するアース電極間に溶接電流を通電して被溶接部材を溶接する片側抵抗スポット溶接装置において、
ベース部と、
溶接電極と、
前記ベース部に搭載されて前記溶接電極を支持すると共に該溶接電極を前記被溶接部材の溶接部に当接して前記被溶接部材に加圧力を付与する加圧位置と被溶接部材から離反する退避位置との間で進退移動せしめる溶接電極可動アクチュエータと、
前記溶接電極を囲むように配設されかつ前記被溶接部材に先端が当接するサブ電極と、
前記ベース部に搭載されて前記サブ電極を支持すると共に該サブ電極を先端が前記被溶接部材に当接する当接位置と被溶接部材から離反する退避位置との間で進退移動せしめるサブ電極可動アクチュエータと、
前記被溶接部材に接触するアース電極と、
前記溶接電極と前記アース電極との間に溶接電流を通電しかつ前記サブ電極と前記アース電極間にアース電流を通電する溶接通電回路と、
を備えたことを特徴とする片側抵抗スポット溶接装置。 A welding current is passed between the welding electrode and the ground electrode in contact with the welded member in a state in which the welding electrode is brought into contact with the welded portion of the welded member made up of a plurality of stacked plate members to apply pressure. In the one-side resistance spot welding device for welding the welding member,
A base part;
A welding electrode;
Mounted on the base portion to support the welding electrode, and a pressure position where the welding electrode is brought into contact with the welding portion of the member to be welded to apply pressure to the member to be welded and a retreat separated from the member to be welded A welding electrode movable actuator that moves forward and backward between positions;
A sub-electrode disposed so as to surround the welding electrode and having a tip abutting against the member to be welded;
A sub-electrode movable actuator that is mounted on the base portion and supports the sub-electrode and moves the sub-electrode forward and backward between a contact position where the tip abuts against the member to be welded and a retreat position where the sub-electrode is separated from the member to be welded When,
A ground electrode in contact with the member to be welded;
A welding energization circuit for energizing a welding current between the welding electrode and the ground electrode and energizing an earth current between the sub electrode and the ground electrode;
A one-side resistance spot welding apparatus comprising: 前記サブ電極の先端に配置される弾性変形可能で導電性を有する導電体を備えたことを特徴とする請求項２または３に記載の片側抵抗スポット溶接装置。   4. The one-side resistance spot welding apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising an electrically conductive material that is elastically deformable and disposed at a tip of the sub-electrode. 5. 前記導電体は、銅網線であることを特徴とする請求項４に記載の片側抵抗スポット装置。   The one-side resistance spot device according to claim 4, wherein the conductor is a copper mesh wire.
JP2010067265A 2010-03-24 2010-03-24 One-side resistance spot welding method and one-side resistance spot welding apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP5411764B2 (en)

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