JP5375760B2 - Vehicle approach reporting device - Google Patents

Vehicle approach reporting device Download PDF

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JP5375760B2
JP5375760B2 JP2010157087A JP2010157087A JP5375760B2 JP 5375760 B2 JP5375760 B2 JP 5375760B2 JP 2010157087 A JP2010157087 A JP 2010157087A JP 2010157087 A JP2010157087 A JP 2010157087A JP 5375760 B2 JP5375760 B2 JP 5375760B2
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治幸 都築
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Denso Electronics Corp
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Anden Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain the sound pressure of a warning sound within a proper range irrespective of a vehicle speed, in a device for warning approach for a vehicle, which is applied to a low noise vehicle such as an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle and the like, and changes the frequency of the warning sound in response to vehicle speed. <P>SOLUTION: Since the sound pressure of a speaker 2 changes depending on frequencies, the device of warning approach for a vehicle controls the output level of a warning sound signal according to the frequencies so as to control the sound pressure of the warning sound emitted by the speaker 2 within a prescribed range. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、電気自動車、ハイブリッド車などの低騒音車両に適用され、車両の接近を想起させる音（以下、通報音という）を発生させて当該車両の存在を車外に知らせるようにした車両用接近通報装置に関する。   The present invention is applied to a low-noise vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, and generates a sound reminiscent of the approach of the vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a notification sound) to notify the presence of the vehicle outside the vehicle Regarding the reporting device.

走行用駆動源として電動機のみを備える電気自動車は、低速走行時の走行音が極めて静かである。また、走行用駆動源として電動機と内燃機関とを備えるハイブリッド車は、低速走行時に電動機の駆動力のみで走行する場合、走行音が極めて静かである。このため、歩行者等が当該車両の接近に気づかないことがある。   An electric vehicle including only an electric motor as a driving source for traveling has extremely quiet traveling noise during low-speed traveling. In addition, a hybrid vehicle including an electric motor and an internal combustion engine as a driving source for traveling has extremely quiet traveling noise when traveling with only the driving force of the electric motor during low-speed traveling. For this reason, a pedestrian or the like may not notice the approach of the vehicle.

そこで、そのような低騒音車両において、スピーカや圧電ブザー等の発音器から通報音を車外に向けて発生させて、当該車両の存在を車両周囲の歩行者等に知らせるようにした車両用接近通報装置が提案されている。また、歩行者等が当該車両の速度を認識できるように、車速に応じて通報音の周波数を変化させるようにしたものがある（例えば、特許文献１、２参照）。   Therefore, in such a low noise vehicle, a notification sound is generated from a sound generator such as a speaker or a piezoelectric buzzer to the outside of the vehicle so that the presence of the vehicle is notified to pedestrians around the vehicle. A device has been proposed. Moreover, there exists what changed the frequency of the notification sound according to the vehicle speed so that a pedestrian etc. can recognize the speed of the said vehicle (for example, refer patent document 1, 2).

特開平５−２１３１１２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-213112 特開平７−２０５７５３号公報JP 7-205753 A

しかしながら、スピーカや圧電ブザー等の発音器は、周波数の変化に伴って音圧が変動するため、車速に応じて通報音の周波数を変化させた場合、ある速度域では通報音の音圧が適正であったとしても、他の速度域では通報音の音圧が不適正（すなわち、過大または過小）になってしまうという問題があった。   However, sound generators such as speakers and piezoelectric buzzers vary in sound pressure as the frequency changes, so when changing the frequency of the notification sound according to the vehicle speed, the sound pressure of the notification sound is appropriate at a certain speed range. Even in this case, there is a problem that the sound pressure of the notification sound becomes inappropriate (that is, excessive or low) in other speed ranges.

本発明は上記点に鑑みて、車速に応じて通報音の周波数が変化する車両用接近通報装置において、車速にかかわらず通報音の音圧が適正な範囲に維持されるようにすることを目的とする。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above points, the present invention aims to maintain the sound pressure of a notification sound in an appropriate range regardless of the vehicle speed in a vehicle approach notification device in which the frequency of the notification sound changes according to the vehicle speed. And

上記目的を達成するため、請求項１に記載の発明では、車速に応じて周波数が変化する通報音信号を生成する制御手段と、通報音信号に基づいて通報音を車外に向けて発生する発音器とを備える車両用接近通報装置において、発音器は、発音器が発する通報音の音圧が通報音信号の周波数に応じて変化する周波数特性を有し、制御手段は、発音器の周波数特性に従い各周波数における通報音の音圧が所定範囲内になるように通報音信号の周波数に応じて通報音信号の出力レベルを制御することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control means for generating a notification sound signal whose frequency changes according to the vehicle speed, and a sound generation for generating the notification sound toward the outside of the vehicle based on the notification sound signal. The sound generator has a frequency characteristic in which the sound pressure of the notification sound emitted by the sound generator changes according to the frequency of the notification sound signal, and the control means has a frequency characteristic of the sound generator. The output level of the notification sound signal is controlled according to the frequency of the notification sound signal so that the sound pressure of the notification sound at each frequency falls within a predetermined range.

これによると、車速に応じて通報音の周波数が変化する車両用接近通報装置において、車速にかかわらず通報音の音圧を適正な範囲に維持することができる。   According to this, in the vehicle approach notification device in which the frequency of the notification sound changes according to the vehicle speed, the sound pressure of the notification sound can be maintained in an appropriate range regardless of the vehicle speed.

請求項２に記載の発明のように、請求項１に記載の車両用接近通報装置において、車速が高くなるのに伴って、通報音信号の周波数を高くし、通報音信号の周波数が高くなるほど通報音信号の出力レベルを小さくすることができる。 As in the invention described in claim 2, in the vehicle approach notification device according to claim 1, as the vehicle speed increases, the frequency of the notification sound signal increases and the frequency of the notification sound signal increases. The output level of the notification sound signal can be reduced .

本発明の一実施形態に係る車両用接近通報装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the approach notification apparatus for vehicles which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 図１のＥＣＵにて実行される通報音発生処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the notification sound generation process performed by ECU of FIG. 図１のスピーカの周波数特性を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the speaker of FIG. 図１のＥＣＵにて実行される通報音発生処理の一例を示すタイムチャートである。It is a time chart which shows an example of the report sound generation process performed by ECU of FIG.

本発明の一実施形態について説明する。図１は一実施形態に係る車両用接近通報装置の構成を示す図、図２は図１のＥＣＵにて実行される通報音発生処理を示すフローチャートである。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a vehicle approach notification device according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating notification sound generation processing executed by the ECU of FIG.

この接近通報装置は、走行用駆動源として電動機のみを備える電気自動車、或いは、走行用駆動源として電動機と内燃機関とを備えるハイブリッド車に搭載されるものであり、図１に示すように、車速センサ１、スピーカ２、および電子制御装置３（以下、ＥＣＵという）を備えている。   This approach notification device is mounted on an electric vehicle having only an electric motor as a driving source for driving, or a hybrid vehicle having an electric motor and an internal combustion engine as driving sources for driving. As shown in FIG. A sensor 1, a speaker 2, and an electronic control unit 3 (hereinafter referred to as ECU) are provided.

車速センサ１は、当該車両の走行速度に応じた車速パルスを出力する。発音器としてのスピーカ２は、例えばフロントバンパー内に配置されて、車外に向かって通報音を発する。   The vehicle speed sensor 1 outputs a vehicle speed pulse corresponding to the traveling speed of the vehicle. The speaker 2 as a sound generator is disposed, for example, in a front bumper and emits a notification sound toward the outside of the vehicle.

ＥＣＵ３は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＡＭ、ＲＯＭ、ＥＥＰＲＯＭ等からなるマイクロコンピュータ３１、パワーアンプ３２等を備えている。   The ECU 3 includes a microcomputer 31 including a CPU, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, and the like, a power amplifier 32, and the like.

そして、マイクロコンピュータ３１は、車速センサ１から出力される信号に基づき、後述する図２に示すフローチャートにしたがって通報音を発生させるための処理を実行する。その際、マイクロコンピュータ３１は、通報音を発生させるための通報音データを記憶しているメモリから通報音データを取り込み、その通報音データから通報音を発生させるための通報音信号を生成し、その通報音信号をパワーアンプ３２に出力する。また、パワーアンプ３２は、通報音信号を増幅してスピーカ２に出力する。   And the microcomputer 31 performs the process for generating a notification sound according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 2 mentioned later based on the signal output from the vehicle speed sensor 1. FIG. At that time, the microcomputer 31 takes in the notification sound data from the memory storing the notification sound data for generating the notification sound, generates a notification sound signal for generating the notification sound from the notification sound data, The notification sound signal is output to the power amplifier 32. Further, the power amplifier 32 amplifies the notification sound signal and outputs it to the speaker 2.

次に、上記した接近通報装置の作動について説明する。当該接近通報装置を備えた車両において、キースイッチが投入されて各部電気系が動作状態になると、マイクロコンピュータ３１は図２に示す通報音発生処理を実行する。   Next, the operation of the approach notification device described above will be described. When a key switch is turned on in a vehicle equipped with the approach notification device and each part electrical system enters an operating state, the microcomputer 31 executes notification sound generation processing shown in FIG.

図２に示すように、ステップ１０１では、車速センサ１からの信号を入力し、ステップ１０２では、車両が停止しているか否かを判定する。具体的には、車速センサ１から出力される車速パルスに基づいて車速を演算し、その車速が０ｋｍ／ｈもしくはその近傍の所定速度以下であるか否かにより判定する。そして、車速が所定速度以下である場合は（ステップ１０２がＹＥＳ）、車両が停止しているものと推定し、ステップ１０３に進んで通報音を発生させないようにする。   As shown in FIG. 2, in step 101, a signal from the vehicle speed sensor 1 is input, and in step 102, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is stopped. Specifically, the vehicle speed is calculated based on the vehicle speed pulse output from the vehicle speed sensor 1, and the determination is made based on whether the vehicle speed is 0 km / h or less or a predetermined speed in the vicinity thereof. If the vehicle speed is equal to or lower than the predetermined speed (YES in step 102), it is estimated that the vehicle is stopped, and the process proceeds to step 103 so as not to generate a notification sound.

車速が所定速度を超えた場合は（ステップ１０２がＮＯ）、車両が発進を開始したものと推定し、ステップ１０４に進む。このステップ１０４では、車速が２０ｋｍ／ｈ以下か否かを判定する。   If the vehicle speed exceeds the predetermined speed (step 102 is NO), it is estimated that the vehicle has started, and the routine proceeds to step 104. In this step 104, it is determined whether the vehicle speed is 20 km / h or less.

そして、車速が２０ｋｍ／ｈを超えている場合は（ステップ１０４がＮＯ）、ステップ１０３に進んで通報音を発生させないようにする。   If the vehicle speed exceeds 20 km / h (NO in step 104), the process proceeds to step 103 so as not to generate a notification sound.

一方、車速が２０ｋｍ／ｈ以下（すなわち、低速走行中）である場合は（ステップ１０４がＹＥＳ）、ステップ１０５〜ステップ１０７に進んで、通報音信号を生成し、その通報音信号をパワーアンプ３２に出力する。なお、ステップ１０５〜ステップ１０７は、本発明の制御手段を構成している。   On the other hand, when the vehicle speed is 20 km / h or less (that is, during low-speed traveling) (step 104 is YES), the process proceeds to step 105 to step 107 to generate a notification sound signal, and the notification sound signal is converted to the power amplifier 32. Output to. Steps 105 to 107 constitute the control means of the present invention.

まず、ステップ１０５では、メモリに記憶している演算式を用いて、パワーアンプ３２に出力する通報音信号の目標制御周波数を、そのときの車速に基づいて演算する。具体的には、歩行者等が当該車両の速度を認識できるように、車速が高くなるのに伴って、通報音信号の目標制御周波数を高くする。   First, in step 105, the target control frequency of the notification sound signal output to the power amplifier 32 is calculated based on the vehicle speed at that time, using an arithmetic expression stored in the memory. Specifically, the target control frequency of the notification sound signal is increased as the vehicle speed increases so that a pedestrian or the like can recognize the speed of the vehicle.

ここで、図３は、スピーカ２の周波数特性を示す図であり、横軸は通報音信号の周波数、縦軸はスピーカ２の音圧である。この図３に示すように、スピーカ２の音圧は通報音信号の周波数に応じて変化する。   Here, FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics of the speaker 2, where the horizontal axis represents the frequency of the notification sound signal and the vertical axis represents the sound pressure of the speaker 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the sound pressure of the speaker 2 varies according to the frequency of the notification sound signal.

そこで、ステップ１０６では、スピーカ２が発する通報音の音圧が所定範囲内になるように、望ましくは、スピーカ２が発する通報音の音圧が略一定になるように、ステップ１０５で求めた通報音信号の目標制御周波数に応じて、パワーアンプ３２に出力する通報音信号の目標制御出力レベルを演算する。   Therefore, in step 106, the notification obtained in step 105 so that the sound pressure of the notification sound emitted from the speaker 2 is within a predetermined range, and preferably the sound pressure of the notification sound emitted from the speaker 2 is substantially constant. The target control output level of the notification sound signal output to the power amplifier 32 is calculated according to the target control frequency of the sound signal.

続いて、ステップ１０７では、ステップ１０５で求めた目標制御周波数およびステップ１０６で求めた目標制御出力レベルになるように調整された通報音信号を生成して、その通報音信号をパワーアンプ３２に出力する。   Subsequently, in step 107, a notification sound signal adjusted to have the target control frequency obtained in step 105 and the target control output level obtained in step 106 is generated, and the notification sound signal is output to the power amplifier 32. To do.

そして、スピーカ２は、パワーアンプ３２にて増幅された通報音信号を受けて通報音を発する。   The speaker 2 receives the notification sound signal amplified by the power amplifier 32 and emits a notification sound.

図４は、ステップ１０５〜ステップ１０７の処理の一例を示すタイムチャートである。より詳細には、図４（ａ）は車速、図４（ｂ）はパワーアンプ３２に出力する通報音信号の周波数、図４（ｃ）はパワーアンプ３２に出力する通報音信号の波形を示している。   FIG. 4 is a time chart showing an example of the processing from step 105 to step 107. More specifically, FIG. 4 (a) shows the vehicle speed, FIG. 4 (b) shows the frequency of the notification sound signal output to the power amplifier 32, and FIG. 4 (c) shows the waveform of the notification sound signal output to the power amplifier 32. ing.

図４（ｂ）に示すように、車速が高くなるほど通報音信号の周波数が高く設定される。なお、時刻ｔ０〜ｔ１の間の通報音信号の周波数をＦ１、時刻ｔ１〜ｔ２の間の通報音信号の周波数をＦ２、時刻ｔ２〜ｔ３の間の通報音信号の周波数をＦ３、時刻ｔ３〜ｔ４の間の通報音信号の周波数をＦ４、時刻ｔ４〜ｔ５の間の通報音信号の周波数をＦ５、時刻ｔ５〜の通報音信号の周波数をＦ６とする。これらの周波数Ｆ１〜６については、図３にも示している。   As shown in FIG. 4B, the frequency of the notification sound signal is set higher as the vehicle speed increases. The frequency of the notification sound signal between times t0 and t1 is F1, the frequency of the notification sound signal between times t1 and t2 is F2, the frequency of the notification sound signal between times t2 and t3 is F3, and the time t3 The frequency of the notification sound signal during t4 is F4, the frequency of the notification sound signal between times t4 and t5 is F5, and the frequency of the notification sound signal at time t5 is F6. These frequencies F1 to F6 are also shown in FIG.

そして、図４（ｃ）に示すように、周波数Ｆ１〜６のうちスピーカ２の音圧が最も低くなる周波数Ｆ１のとき（時刻ｔ０〜ｔ１の間）には、通報音信号の電圧（すなわち、通報音信号の出力レベル）を最大に制御する。   And as shown in FIG.4 (c), at the frequency F1 (between the time t0 and t1) in which the sound pressure of the speaker 2 becomes the lowest among the frequencies F1 to 6, the voltage of the notification sound signal (that is, the time) The output level of the notification sound signal is controlled to the maximum.

一方、周波数Ｆ１〜６のうちスピーカ２の音圧が最も高くなる周波数Ｆ６のとき（時刻ｔ５〜）には、通報音信号の電圧を最小に制御する。   On the other hand, at the frequency F6 at which the sound pressure of the speaker 2 is highest among the frequencies F1 to F6 (time t5), the voltage of the notification sound signal is controlled to the minimum.

具体的には、各周波数における通報音信号の電圧を、各周波数におけるスピーカ２の音圧の逆数に比例させればよい。このようにすれば、スピーカ２が発する通報音の音圧を略一定にすることができる。   Specifically, the voltage of the notification sound signal at each frequency may be proportional to the inverse of the sound pressure of the speaker 2 at each frequency. In this way, the sound pressure of the notification sound emitted from the speaker 2 can be made substantially constant.

上記した本実施形態によると、車速に応じて通報音の周波数が変化する車両用接近通報装置において、車速にかかわらず通報音の音圧を適正な範囲に維持することができる。   According to the above-described embodiment, in the vehicle approach notification device in which the frequency of the notification sound changes according to the vehicle speed, the sound pressure of the notification sound can be maintained in an appropriate range regardless of the vehicle speed.

（他の実施形態）
上記実施形態では、発音器としてスピーカ２を用いたが、発音器として圧電ブザーを用いてもよい。 (Other embodiments)
In the above embodiment, the speaker 2 is used as the sound generator, but a piezoelectric buzzer may be used as the sound generator.

また、上記実施形態では、ステップ１０２において、車速が所定速度を超えた場合に車両発進開始と判定したが、フットブレーキおよびパーキングブレーキがともにオフになった場合に車両発進開始と判定してもよい。   In the above embodiment, in step 102, it is determined that the vehicle starts to start when the vehicle speed exceeds a predetermined speed. However, when both the foot brake and the parking brake are turned off, it may be determined that the vehicle starts. .

２ スピーカ（発音器）   2 Speaker (sound generator)

Claims (2)

車速に応じて周波数が変化する通報音信号を生成する制御手段と、前記通報音信号に基づいて通報音を車外に向けて発生する発音器とを備える車両用接近通報装置において、
前記発音器は、前記発音器が発する通報音の音圧が前記通報音信号の周波数に応じて変化する周波数特性を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記発音器の周波数特性に従い各周波数における前記通報音の音圧が所定範囲内になるように前記通報音信号の周波数に応じて前記通報音信号の出力レベルを制御することを特徴とする車両用接近通報装置。 In approach warning system for a vehicle comprising: a control means for generating a notification sound signal the frequency changes, and a sound device for generating toward the notification sound outside the vehicle on the basis of the notification sound signal in accordance with the vehicle speed,
The sound generator has a frequency characteristic in which the sound pressure of the notification sound emitted by the sound generator changes according to the frequency of the notification sound signal,
The control means controls the output level of the notification sound signal according to the frequency of the notification sound signal so that the sound pressure of the notification sound at each frequency falls within a predetermined range according to the frequency characteristics of the sound generator. A vehicle approach notification device as a feature. 前記制御手段は、車速が高くなるのに伴って、前記通報音信号の周波数を高くし、前記通報音信号の周波数が高くなるほど前記通報音信号の出力レベルを小さくすることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両用接近通報装置。 The control means increases the frequency of the notification sound signal as the vehicle speed increases, and decreases the output level of the notification sound signal as the frequency of the notification sound signal increases. The vehicle approach notification device according to 1.
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JP5780190B2 (en) * 2012-03-27 2015-09-16 アンデン株式会社 Vehicle approach notification device
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JP5728129B2 (en) * 2012-03-28 2015-06-03 パイオニア株式会社 Acoustic device, output sound management device, terminal device, and output sound control method
JP2014065409A (en) 2012-09-26 2014-04-17 Anden Device for providing notification of approach of vehicle
US10953794B2 (en) * 2017-08-09 2021-03-23 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Alert device for vehicles

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