JP5357065B2 - Deviation direction detecting device and drilling method of tip bit in drilling machine - Google Patents

Deviation direction detecting device and drilling method of tip bit in drilling machine Download PDF

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JP5357065B2
JP5357065B2 JP2010002618A JP2010002618A JP5357065B2 JP 5357065 B2 JP5357065 B2 JP 5357065B2 JP 2010002618 A JP2010002618 A JP 2010002618A JP 2010002618 A JP2010002618 A JP 2010002618A JP 5357065 B2 JP5357065 B2 JP 5357065B2
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drilling
tip
gyroscope
fixed magnet
tip bit
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JP2011140824A (en
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広明 手塚
利彰 安井
崇寛 山内
敦士 川西
政弘 天野
芳雄 村田
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Maeda Corp
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Maeda Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for detecting a displacement direction of a tip bit in a drilling machine, which allows accurate drilling by accurately detecting the direction of the tip bit attached to the leading end of a drilling pipe, and a drilling method. <P>SOLUTION: The device includes a fixed magnet portion 60 attached to the tip bit 40 provided at a leading end portion of the drilling pipe 20; a rotary magnet portion 70 attached to a leading end portion of a gyroscope 30 inserted into the drilling pipe 20 so as to face the fixed magnet portion 60, the rotary magnet portion being rotatable with the central axis direction of the gyroscope 30 as the rotation axis and being stopped at a predetermined position relative to the fixed magnetic portion 60 by attracting force and repelling force caused with the fixed magnet portion 60; and a rotation angle measuring instrument 80 for measuring the rotation angle of the rotary magnet portion 70. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置及びこれを用いた削孔方法に関するものであり、特に、いわゆる曲がりボーリング工法における先端ビットの偏位方向の検出に適した装置及びこれを用いた削孔方法に関するものである。   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tip bit deviation direction detecting device in a hole drilling machine and a drilling method using the same, and more particularly to a device suitable for detecting a tip bit deflection direction in a so-called bent boring method. The present invention relates to a hole drilling method using.

地震による液状化現象を防止するため、地上から建造物の下方に向かって斜めに削孔を行い、建造物の下方に薬液注入作業孔を形成するための工法として、曲がりボーリング工法が知られている。この曲がりボーリング工法では、削孔管の先端に取り付けた先端ビットの向きを正確に把握する必要があり、従来、種々の装置や方法が提案されている。例えば、削孔管の先端に取り付けた先端ビットの位置を検出するための方法として、削孔管内の先端部付近までジャイロスコープを挿入した後、ジャイロスコープからの信号を記録しながら、削孔管からジャイロスコープを引き抜いて、削孔軌跡を計測する方法が開示されている（特許文献１参照）。   In order to prevent liquefaction due to earthquakes, a boring boring method is known as a method of drilling diagonally from the ground toward the bottom of the building and forming a chemical injection hole below the building. Yes. In this bending boring method, it is necessary to accurately grasp the direction of the tip bit attached to the tip of the drilling tube, and various devices and methods have been proposed in the past. For example, as a method for detecting the position of the tip bit attached to the tip of the drilling tube, after inserting the gyroscope to the vicinity of the tip in the drilling tube, recording the signal from the gyroscope, Discloses a method of measuring a drilling locus by pulling out a gyroscope from the above (see Patent Document 1).

この特許文献１に記載された技術は、ジャイロスコープの先端に、ジャイロスコープに対して回転自在に構成された捻れ検知装置の雄型あるいは雌型を設けると共に、削孔ロッドの先端部に、削孔方向決定部材に対して固定されている捻れ検知装置の雌型あるいは雄型を設ける。そして、ジャイロスコープ先端の雄型あるいは雌型を回転させて削孔ロッド先端部の雌型あるいは雄型と係合させ、その際に雄型あるいは雌型が回転した角度を検出する工程と、捻れ検知装置の雄型と雌型とが係合した地点から地上側の収納位置までジャイロスコープを引き込む工程と、その際にジャイロスコープからの信号を記録して削孔軌跡を計測する工程とを含んでいる。   In the technique described in Patent Document 1, a male or female die of a torsion detecting device configured to be rotatable with respect to the gyroscope is provided at the tip of the gyroscope, and at the tip of the drill rod. A female mold or a male mold of the twist detection device fixed to the hole direction determining member is provided. And rotating the male or female die at the tip of the gyroscope to engage the female or male die at the tip of the drilling rod, and detecting the angle at which the male or female die is rotated, Including a step of drawing the gyroscope from a point where the male and female dies of the detection device are engaged to a storage position on the ground side, and a step of recording a signal from the gyroscope and measuring a drilling locus at that time It is out.

特許第３７６３３９９号公報Japanese Patent No. 3763399

しかし、上述した特許文献１に記載された技術は、削孔管の先端部におけるジャイロスコープの初期位置を決定するために、雄型と雌型とを係合させなければならない。この際、削孔管内に異物が存在すると、雄型と雌型とが係合していないにもかかわらず、係合状態であると誤認識してしまうおそれがある。また、雄型と雌型との係合時に、係合部分に異物が詰まると、雄型と雌型との係合を解除できないおそれもある。   However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1 described above, a male mold and a female mold must be engaged in order to determine the initial position of the gyroscope at the tip of the drilling tube. At this time, if there is a foreign substance in the drilling tube, there is a possibility that the male mold and the female mold may be erroneously recognized as being engaged although the male mold and the female mold are not engaged. Further, if the engaging portion is clogged with foreign matter when the male mold and the female mold are engaged, the engagement between the male mold and the female mold may not be released.

このような状態となると、削孔管の先端に設けた先端ビットの向きを正確に把握することができず、精度の高い削孔を行うことができないばかりでなく、削孔が不可能となってしまう場合もある。   In such a state, the orientation of the tip bit provided at the tip of the drilling tube cannot be accurately grasped, and not only high-precision drilling cannot be performed, but also drilling becomes impossible. There is also a case.

本発明は、上述した事情に鑑み提案されたもので、削孔管の先端に取り付けた先端ビットの向きを正確に検出することにより、精度の高い削孔を行うことが可能な、削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置及び削孔方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described circumstances, and a drilling machine capable of performing highly precise drilling by accurately detecting the direction of the tip bit attached to the tip of the drilling tube. An object of the present invention is to provide a deflection direction detecting device and a drilling method for a tip bit.

本発明の削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置及び削孔方法は、上述した目的を達成するため、以下の特徴点を有している。すなわち、本発明の削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置は、削孔管先端部の先端ビットに取り付けた固定磁石部と、固定磁石部に対向するように、削孔管内に挿入するジャイロスコープの先端部に取り付けられ、当該ジャイロスコープの中心軸方向を回転軸として回転可能であり、固定磁石部との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力により、固定磁石部に対して所定位置に停止する回転磁石部と、回転磁石部の回転角度を計測する回転角度計測器と、を備えたことを特徴とするものである。   The tip bit deflection direction detecting device and the drilling method in the drilling machine of the present invention have the following features in order to achieve the above-described object. That is, the deflection direction detecting device for the tip bit in the drilling machine of the present invention is inserted into the drilling tube so as to face the fixed magnet portion attached to the tip bit of the tip portion of the drilling tube and the fixed magnet portion. Attached to the tip of the gyroscope, can rotate around the center axis of the gyroscope as a rotation axis, and stops at a predetermined position with respect to the fixed magnet due to the attractive force and repulsive force generated between it and the fixed magnet And a rotation angle measuring device for measuring the rotation angle of the rotation magnet unit.

この先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置において、固定磁石部は、円形状に配置された複数の磁石からなり、各磁石は、複数のＮ極が連続する部分と、複数のＳ極が連続する部分とに二分割して配置されており、回転磁石部は、円形状に配置された複数の磁石からなり、各磁石は、固定磁石部におけるＮ極及びＳ極の配置と対となるように、複数のＳ極が連続する部分と、複数のＮ極が連続する部分とに二分割して配置された構成とすることが可能である。   In this tip bit deviation direction detecting device, the fixed magnet portion is composed of a plurality of circularly arranged magnets, and each magnet has a portion where a plurality of N poles are continuous and a portion where a plurality of S poles are continuous. The rotating magnet part is composed of a plurality of magnets arranged in a circular shape, and each magnet is paired with the arrangement of the N pole and the S pole in the fixed magnet part. A configuration in which a plurality of S poles are continuously arranged and a portion where a plurality of N poles are continuous is divided into two parts.

また、本発明の削孔方法は、上述した先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置を用いたもので、削孔管内にジャイロスコープを挿入する工程と、固定磁石部に対して、回転磁石部を近接させる工程と、回転磁石部の回転角度を計測する工程と、ジャイロスコープを削孔管内から引き抜きながらジャイロスコープからの信号を記録して削孔軌跡を計測する工程と、を含むことを特徴とするものである。   Further, the drilling method of the present invention uses the above-described tip bit deviation direction detecting device, and the step of inserting the gyroscope into the drilling tube and the rotating magnet part in the proximity of the fixed magnet part. And a step of measuring the rotation angle of the rotating magnet portion, and a step of recording a signal from the gyroscope while pulling out the gyroscope from the drilling tube and measuring a drilling locus. Is.

このような構成からなる先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置及び削孔方法では、削孔管内にジャイロスコープを挿入し、ジャイロスコープの先端部に取り付けた回転磁石部が、削孔管先端部の先端ビットに取り付けた固定磁石部に近接すると、回転磁石部と固定磁石部との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力の作用により、回転磁石部のＮ極と固定磁石部のＳ極、及び回転磁石部のＳ極と固定磁石部のＮ極とが対向するように、回転磁石部が回転する。そして、回転角度計測器により、回転磁石部の回転角度を計測することにより、先端ビットの偏位方向を検出することができる。   In the tip bit deflection direction detecting device and the hole drilling method having such a configuration, the rotary magnet portion attached to the tip of the gyroscope is inserted into the hole drilling tube, and the tip of the tip of the hole drilling tube is inserted. When approaching the fixed magnet portion attached to the bit, the N pole of the rotating magnet portion, the S pole of the fixed magnet portion, and the rotating magnet portion are caused by the action of the attractive force and the repulsive force generated between the rotating magnet portion and the fixed magnet portion. The rotating magnet part rotates so that the S pole of the N pole and the N pole of the fixed magnet part face each other. And the deflection | deviation direction of a front-end | tip bit is detectable by measuring the rotation angle of a rotary magnet part with a rotation angle measuring device.

また、ジャイロスコープを削孔管内から引き抜きながらジャイロスコープからの信号を記録することにより、削孔軌跡を計測することができる。   Moreover, a drilling locus can be measured by recording a signal from the gyroscope while pulling out the gyroscope from the drilling tube.

本発明の削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置及び削孔方法では、削孔管先端部に取り付けられた先端ビットの偏位方向を検出する際に、先端ビットに取り付けた固定磁石部に、ジャイロスコープの先端部に取り付けた回転磁石部を近接させるだけで、先端ビットの偏位方向を検出することができる。すなわち、先端ビットとジャイロスコープとの間に機械的な係合状態を生じさせる必要がなく、万が一、削孔管内に異物が存在したとしても、この異物に邪魔されることなく、先端ビットの向きを正確に把握することが可能となる。また、従来の技術のように、先端ビットとジャイロスコープとが噛み合ってしまい、削孔管内からジャイロスコープを引き抜くことができないという不都合が生じることがない。さらに、削孔管内に鉄粉等が存在した場合には、ジャイロスコープに取り付けた回転磁石部により鉄粉を吸着して、削孔管内から取り除くことができる。   In the tip bit deflection direction detecting device and the drilling method in the drilling machine of the present invention, the fixed magnet portion attached to the tip bit when detecting the deflection direction of the tip bit attached to the tip portion of the drilling pipe In addition, the displacement direction of the tip bit can be detected simply by bringing the rotating magnet portion attached to the tip portion of the gyroscope close to each other. That is, there is no need to create a mechanical engagement state between the tip bit and the gyroscope, and even if foreign matter exists in the drilling tube, the direction of the tip bit is not obstructed by this foreign matter. Can be accurately grasped. In addition, unlike the prior art, the tip bit and the gyroscope mesh with each other, and there is no inconvenience that the gyroscope cannot be pulled out from the drilling tube. Further, when iron powder or the like is present in the hole drilling tube, the iron powder can be adsorbed by the rotating magnet portion attached to the gyroscope and removed from the hole drilling tube.

このように、本発明の削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置及び削孔方法によれば、先端ビットの偏位方向及び削孔軌跡を正確に把握することができるので、精度の高い削孔を行うことが可能となる。   Thus, according to the tip bit deflection direction detecting device and the drilling method in the drilling machine of the present invention, the deflection direction and the drilling locus of the tip bit can be accurately grasped, so that the accuracy is high. Drilling can be performed.

本発明の実施形態に係る削孔機及び付属機器の全体構成を示す概略図。Schematic which shows the whole structure of the drilling machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and an accessory apparatus. 本発明の実施形態に係る削孔機において、削孔管内にジャイロスコープを挿入した状態を示す概略図。Schematic which shows the state which inserted the gyroscope in the drilling pipe in the drilling machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る削孔機において、削孔管内からジャイロスコープを引き抜いた状態を示す概略図。Schematic which shows the state which pulled out the gyroscope from the inside of a drilling pipe in the drilling machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る偏位方向検出装置の拡大図。The enlarged view of the deviation direction detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る回転磁石部及び回転角度計測器の拡大図。The enlarged view of the rotating magnet part and rotation angle measuring device which concern on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る偏位方向検出装置の動作原理の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the operation principle of the deviation direction detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置及び削孔方法の実施形態を説明する。図１〜図６は本発明の実施形態に係る先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置を説明するもので、図１は削孔機及び付属機器の全体構成を示す概略図、図２は削孔管内にジャイロスコープを挿入した状態を示す概略図、図３は削孔管内からジャイロスコープを引き抜いた状態を示す概略図、図４は偏位方向検出装置の拡大図、図５は回転磁石部及び回転角度計測器の拡大図、図６は偏位方向検出装置の動作原理の説明図である。   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a tip bit deflection direction detecting device and a drilling method in a drilling machine of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 illustrate a tip bit deflection direction detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a drilling machine and accessory equipment, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which the gyroscope is pulled out from the drilling tube, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the deflection direction detecting device, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the operation principle of the deviation direction detecting device.

＜削孔機＞
本発明で使用する削孔機１０としては、従来から公知の水平削孔機を利用することができる。この削孔機１０は、図１〜図３に示すように、基台１１と、基台１１上に載置され、削孔管２０を接続及び切断するための接続切断装置１２と、削孔管２０の挿入角度を調整するための角度調整装置１３と、削孔管２０を推進するための推進駆動装置１４と、を備えている。また、削孔機１０の後方には、ジャイロスコープ３０に接続された信号ケーブル３１を巻き取ると共に、ジャイロスコープ３０の挿入及び引き込みを行うためのリール１５が配置されている。 <Hole drilling machine>
As the drilling machine 10 used in the present invention, a conventionally known horizontal drilling machine can be used. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the hole drilling machine 10 is mounted on a base 11, a connection cutting device 12 that is placed on the base 11 to connect and cut the hole drilling tube 20, An angle adjustment device 13 for adjusting the insertion angle of the tube 20 and a propulsion drive device 14 for propelling the drilled tube 20 are provided. In addition, a reel 15 for winding the signal cable 31 connected to the gyroscope 30 and inserting and retracting the gyroscope 30 is disposed behind the hole drilling machine 10.

＜先端ビット＞
削孔管２０の先端部には、先端ビット４０が取り付けられている。この先端ビット４０は、図４に示すように、先端部が先細状となるようなテーパー部４１を有しており、直線削孔時には、削孔管２０及び先端ビット４０を回転させながら削孔し、曲線削孔時には、削孔管２０及び先端ビット４０を回転させない状態で地盤中に圧入させて、先端ビット４０のテーパー部４１に作用する土圧により曲線推進するようになっている。 <Tip bit>
A tip bit 40 is attached to the tip portion of the drilling tube 20. As shown in FIG. 4, the tip bit 40 has a tapered portion 41 having a tapered tip portion. When straight drilling, the drill bit 20 and the tip bit 40 are rotated while drilling. At the time of curved hole drilling, the hole drilling tube 20 and the tip bit 40 are pressed into the ground without being rotated, and the curve is propelled by earth pressure acting on the tapered portion 41 of the tip bit 40.

＜偏位方向検出装置＞
本発明の実施形態に係る偏位方向検出装置５０は、図４及び図５に示すように、先端ビット４０の基端部に取り付けた固定磁石部６０と、ジャイロスコープ３０の先端部に回転可能に取り付けた回転磁石部７０と、回転磁石部７０の回転角度を検出するための回転角度計測器８０とからなる。 <Deviation direction detector>
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the deflection direction detection device 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention is rotatable to a fixed magnet portion 60 attached to the proximal end portion of the distal end bit 40 and the distal end portion of the gyroscope 30. And a rotation angle measuring device 80 for detecting the rotation angle of the rotation magnet unit 70.

すなわち、先端ビット４０の基端部には、先端ビット４０と一体となるようにして固定磁石部６０が取り付けられている。一方、ジャイロスコープ３０の先端部には、固定磁石部６０に対向するようにして、ジャイロスコープ３０に対して回転可能な回転磁石部７０が取り付けられている。この回転磁石部７０は、固定磁石部６０との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力により、固定磁石部６０に対して所定位置に停止するようになっている。また、偏位方向検出装置５０を構成する回転磁石部７０及び回転角度計測器８０は、削孔管２０の内径よりも小さい外径を有する筒状のケーシング５１内に収容されている。   That is, the fixed magnet portion 60 is attached to the proximal end portion of the distal end bit 40 so as to be integrated with the distal end bit 40. On the other hand, a rotating magnet unit 70 that is rotatable with respect to the gyroscope 30 is attached to the tip of the gyroscope 30 so as to face the fixed magnet unit 60. The rotating magnet unit 70 is stopped at a predetermined position with respect to the fixed magnet unit 60 by an attractive force and a repulsive force generated between the rotating magnet unit 70 and the fixed magnet unit 60. Further, the rotating magnet unit 70 and the rotation angle measuring device 80 constituting the deviation direction detecting device 50 are accommodated in a cylindrical casing 51 having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the drilled tube 20.

＜固定磁石部／回転磁石部＞
固定磁石部６０は、図６に示すように、円形状に配置された複数の磁石６１からなり、各磁石６１は、複数のＮ極が連続する部分と、複数のＳ極が連続する部分とに二分割して配置されている。一方、回転磁石部７０は、図６に示すように、円形状に配置された複数の磁石７１からなり、各磁石７１は、固定磁石部６０におけるＮ極及びＳ極の配置と対となるように、複数のＳ極が連続する部分と、複数のＮ極が連続する部分とに二分割して配置されている。このように、固定磁石部６０及び回転磁石部７０を複数の磁石６１、７１により構成することにより、製造コストを削減することができる。 <Fixed magnet part / Rotating magnet part>
As shown in FIG. 6, the fixed magnet unit 60 includes a plurality of magnets 61 arranged in a circular shape, and each magnet 61 includes a portion where a plurality of N poles are continuous and a portion where a plurality of S poles are continuous. It is divided into two. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotating magnet unit 70 includes a plurality of magnets 71 arranged in a circular shape, and each magnet 71 is paired with the arrangement of the N pole and the S pole in the fixed magnet unit 60. In addition, a portion where a plurality of S poles are continuous and a portion where a plurality of N poles are continuous are arranged in two. In this way, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by configuring the fixed magnet portion 60 and the rotating magnet portion 70 with the plurality of magnets 61 and 71.

＜回転角度計測器＞
また、図４及び図５に示すように、ジャイロスコープ３０の先端部と回転磁石部７０との間には、回転磁石部７０の回転角度を計測するための回転角度計測器８０が取り付けられている。すなわち、図５に示すように、ジャイロスコープ３０の先端部に回転角度計測器８０が固定されており、この回転角度計測器８０の回転軸８２の先端に回転磁石部７０が取り付けられている。回転角度計測器８０は、例えばパルスエンコーダ（ロータリーエンコーダ）からなり、２５６パルス（８ビット／回転）のパルスエンコーダを使用した場合には、約１．４度単位で回転磁石部７０の回転を計測することができる。なお、回転角度計測器８０の信号ケーブル８１は、ジャイロスコープ３０の信号ケーブル３１と共に、削孔管２０の基端部へ導かれて、コンピュータ（図示せず）に接続されている。 <Rotation angle measuring instrument>
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a rotation angle measuring device 80 for measuring the rotation angle of the rotating magnet unit 70 is attached between the tip of the gyroscope 30 and the rotating magnet unit 70. Yes. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotation angle measuring device 80 is fixed to the tip of the gyroscope 30, and the rotating magnet unit 70 is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 82 of the rotation angle measuring device 80. The rotation angle measuring device 80 is composed of, for example, a pulse encoder (rotary encoder), and when a pulse encoder of 256 pulses (8 bits / rotation) is used, the rotation angle of the rotating magnet unit 70 is measured in units of about 1.4 degrees. can do. The signal cable 81 of the rotation angle measuring instrument 80 is guided to the proximal end portion of the drilling tube 20 together with the signal cable 31 of the gyroscope 30 and connected to a computer (not shown).

＜先端ビットの偏位方向の検出＞
本発明の偏位方向検出装置５０を用いて先端ビット４０の向きを検出するには、まず、削孔管２０内にジャイロスコープ３０を挿入し、ジャイロスコープ３０の先端部に取り付けた回転磁石部７０を、削孔管２０の先端部の先端ビット４０に取り付けた固定磁石部６０に近接させる。すると、図６に示すように、回転磁石部７０と固定磁石部６０との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力の作用により、回転磁石部７０のＮ極と固定磁石部６０のＳ極、及び回転磁石部７０のＳ極と固定磁石部６０のＮ極とが対向するように、回転磁石部７０が回転する。 <Detection of deflection direction of tip bit>
In order to detect the direction of the tip bit 40 using the deviation direction detection device 50 of the present invention, first, the gyroscope 30 is inserted into the drilling tube 20 and the rotating magnet portion attached to the tip portion of the gyroscope 30. 70 is brought close to the fixed magnet portion 60 attached to the tip bit 40 at the tip portion of the drilled tube 20. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the N pole of the rotating magnet unit 70, the S pole of the fixed magnet unit 60, and the rotation by the action of the attractive force and the repulsive force generated between the rotating magnet unit 70 and the fixed magnet unit 60. The rotating magnet unit 70 rotates so that the S pole of the magnet unit 70 and the N pole of the fixed magnet unit 60 face each other.

そして、回転角度計測器８０を用いて、基準位置から回転磁石部７０がどれだけ回転したかを計測することにより、先端ビット４０の向きを検出することができる。この際、基準位置をどのように設定してもよいが、例えば、固定磁石部６０では、先端ビット４０のテーパー部４１が、掘進方向に対して真上側（又は真下側）へ向いている状態を基準位置とし、回転磁石部７０では、この状態で回転磁石部７０のＮ極と固定磁石部６０のＳ極とが対向すると共に、回転磁石部７０のＳ極と固定磁石部６０のＮ極とが対向する位置を基準位置として設定しておく。そして、回転磁石部７０が基準位置となっている状態で削孔管２０内へ挿入し、固定磁石部６０に近接した際に、回転磁石部７０が基準位置からどれだけ回転したかを計測するにより、テーパー部４１（先端ビット４０）の向きを把握することができる。   The direction of the tip bit 40 can be detected by measuring how much the rotating magnet unit 70 has rotated from the reference position using the rotation angle measuring device 80. At this time, the reference position may be set in any manner. For example, in the fixed magnet portion 60, the tapered portion 41 of the tip bit 40 is directed directly above (or directly below) the digging direction. In the rotating magnet unit 70, the N pole of the rotating magnet unit 70 and the S pole of the fixed magnet unit 60 face each other in this state, and the S pole of the rotating magnet unit 70 and the N pole of the fixed magnet unit 60 are in this state. Is set as a reference position. And it inserts in the drilling pipe 20 in the state in which the rotating magnet part 70 is in the reference position, and measures how much the rotating magnet part 70 has rotated from the reference position when approaching the fixed magnet part 60. Thus, the direction of the tapered portion 41 (tip bit 40) can be grasped.

＜削孔方法＞
次に、本発明の削孔方法について説明する。
本発明の削孔方法は、地上に設置した削孔機１０の接続切断装置１２により削孔管２０を接続しながら、推進駆動装置１４により削孔管２０を地盤中に貫入して、先端ビット４０により削孔を行う。そして、削孔の進行に伴って随時、リール１５を回転させて、削孔管２０内へジャイロスコープ３０を挿入し（図２参照）、回転磁石部７０を固定磁石部６０へ近接させ、回転角度計測器８０により先端ビット４０の向きを検出する。 <Drilling method>
Next, the drilling method of the present invention will be described.
In the drilling method of the present invention, the drilling tube 20 is penetrated into the ground by the propulsion driving device 14 while the drilling tube 20 is connected by the connection cutting device 12 of the drilling machine 10 installed on the ground, and the tip bit is inserted. Hole drilling is performed according to 40. Then, as the drilling progresses, the reel 15 is rotated at any time, the gyroscope 30 is inserted into the drilling tube 20 (see FIG. 2), the rotating magnet unit 70 is brought close to the fixed magnet unit 60, and rotated. The direction of the tip bit 40 is detected by the angle measuring instrument 80.

この状態から、リール１５を逆回転させて、ジャイロスコープ３０を引き込みながら、ジャイロスコープ３０の引き込み軌跡（削孔軌跡）を計測する（図３参照）。ジャイロスコープ３０の信号ケーブル３１及び回転角度計測器８０の信号ケーブル８１は、コンピュータ（図示せず）に接続されており、コンピュータにより先端ビット４０の向き及びジャイロスコープ３０の引き込み軌跡（削孔軌跡）を演算し、ディスプレイ装置等に表示する。   From this state, the reel 15 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the retracting locus (drilling locus) of the gyroscope 30 is measured while retracting the gyroscope 30 (see FIG. 3). The signal cable 31 of the gyroscope 30 and the signal cable 81 of the rotation angle measuring instrument 80 are connected to a computer (not shown), and the direction of the tip bit 40 and the retracting locus (drilling locus) of the gyroscope 30 by the computer. Is calculated and displayed on a display device or the like.

そして、計測された先端ビット４０の向きに基づいて、以降の削孔方向を予測して、ディスプレイ装置等に表示する。このようにして予測された先端ビット４０の方向が、予定の計画線と異なる場合には、削孔管２０及び先端ビット４０を回転させて削孔方向を制御すればよい。この際、削孔管２０及び先端ビット４０の回転に伴い、ディスプレイ装置に表示される予定計画線も変化させる。このように、削孔の進行に伴って随時、削孔軌跡を計測しながら削孔方向を修正することにより、精度の高い削孔を行うことができる。   Then, based on the measured direction of the tip bit 40, the subsequent drilling direction is predicted and displayed on a display device or the like. When the predicted direction of the tip bit 40 is different from the planned line, the drilling direction may be controlled by rotating the drilling tube 20 and the tip bit 40. At this time, the planned line displayed on the display device is also changed with the rotation of the drill tube 20 and the tip bit 40. In this way, it is possible to perform highly accurate drilling by correcting the drilling direction while measuring the drilling locus as needed as the drilling progresses.

１０ 削孔機
１１ 基台
１２ 接続切断装置
１３ 角度調整装置
１４ 推進駆動装置
１５ リール
２０ 削孔管
３０ ジャイロスコープ
３１ 信号ケーブル
４０ 先端ビット
４１ テーパー部
５０ 偏位方向検出装置
５１ ケーシング
６０ 固定磁石部
６１ 磁石
７０ 回転磁石部
７１ 磁石
８０ 回転角度計測器
８１ 信号ケーブル
８２ 回転軸 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hole cutter 11 Base 12 Connection cutting device 13 Angle adjustment device 14 Propulsion drive device 15 Reel 20 Drilling tube 30 Gyroscope 31 Signal cable 40 Tip bit 41 Taper part 50 Deflection direction detection device 51 Casing 60 Fixed magnet part 61 Magnet 70 Rotating magnet part 71 Magnet 80 Rotation angle measuring device 81 Signal cable 82 Rotating shaft

Claims (3)

削孔機における先端ビットの向きを検出するための装置であって、
削孔管先端部の先端ビットに取り付けた固定磁石部と、
前記固定磁石部に対向するように、前記削孔管内に挿入するジャイロスコープの先端部に取り付けられ、当該ジャイロスコープの中心軸方向を回転軸として回転可能であり、前記固定磁石部との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力により、前記固定磁石部に対して所定位置に停止する回転磁石部と、
前記回転磁石部の回転角度を計測する回転角度計測器と、
を備えたことを特徴とする削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置。 A device for detecting the orientation of a tip bit in a drilling machine,
A fixed magnet attached to the tip bit of the drilling tube tip,
It is attached to the tip of a gyroscope that is inserted into the drilling tube so as to face the fixed magnet part, and can be rotated with the central axis direction of the gyroscope as a rotation axis, and between the fixed magnet part A rotating magnet portion that stops at a predetermined position with respect to the fixed magnet portion due to the generated attractive force and repulsive force;
A rotation angle measuring instrument for measuring the rotation angle of the rotating magnet unit;
An apparatus for detecting the direction of deflection of a tip bit in a drilling machine. 前記固定磁石部は、円形状に配置された複数の磁石からなり、各磁石は、複数のＮ極が連続する部分と、複数のＳ極が連続する部分とに二分割して配置されており、
前記回転磁石部は、円形状に配置された複数の磁石からなり、各磁石は、前記固定磁石部におけるＮ極及びＳ極の配置と対となるように、複数のＳ極が連続する部分と、複数のＮ極が連続する部分とに二分割して配置されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の削孔機における先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置。 The fixed magnet portion is composed of a plurality of magnets arranged in a circular shape, and each magnet is divided into two parts, a part where a plurality of N poles are continuous and a part where a plurality of S poles are continuous. ,
The rotating magnet part is composed of a plurality of magnets arranged in a circular shape, and each magnet has a portion where a plurality of S poles are continuous so as to be paired with the arrangement of N poles and S poles in the fixed magnet part. , A plurality of N poles are arranged in two parts and a continuous part,
The deflection direction detecting device for the tip bit in the drilling machine according to claim 1. 削孔機を用いた削孔方法であって、
削孔管先端部の先端ビットに取り付けた固定磁石部と、
当該固定磁石部に対向するように、ジャイロスコープの先端部に取り付けられ、前記ジャイロスコープの中心軸方向を回転軸として回転可能であり、前記固定磁石部との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力により、前記固定磁石部に対して所定位置に停止する回転磁石部と、を備えた先端ビットの偏位方向検出装置を用いて、
前記削孔管内に前記ジャイロスコープを挿入する工程と、
前記固定磁石部に対して、前記回転磁石部を近接させる工程と、
前記回転磁石部の回転角度を計測する工程と、
前記ジャイロスコープを前記削孔管内から引き抜きながらジャイロスコープからの信号を記録して削孔軌跡を計測する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする削孔機における削孔方法。 A drilling method using a drilling machine,
A fixed magnet attached to the tip bit of the drilling tube tip,
It is attached to the tip of the gyroscope so as to face the fixed magnet part, and can be rotated with the central axis direction of the gyroscope as a rotation axis, and by the attractive force and repulsive force generated between the fixed magnet part Using a tip bit deviation direction detecting device comprising: a rotating magnet portion that stops at a predetermined position with respect to the fixed magnet portion;
Inserting the gyroscope into the drill tube;
A step of bringing the rotating magnet portion close to the fixed magnet portion;
Measuring the rotation angle of the rotating magnet part;
Recording a signal from the gyroscope while pulling out the gyroscope from the inside of the drilling pipe, and measuring a drilling locus;
A drilling method in a drilling machine, comprising:
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