JP5352226B2 - Laser welded joint with double skin panel - Google Patents

Laser welded joint with double skin panel Download PDF

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JP5352226B2
JP5352226B2 JP2008331163A JP2008331163A JP5352226B2 JP 5352226 B2 JP5352226 B2 JP 5352226B2 JP 2008331163 A JP2008331163 A JP 2008331163A JP 2008331163 A JP2008331163 A JP 2008331163A JP 5352226 B2 JP5352226 B2 JP 5352226B2
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joint
laser
convex portion
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skin panel
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JP2010149157A (en
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慶知 渡邉
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Nippon Sharyo Ltd
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Description

本発明は、押出中空形材のダブルスキンパネル同士をレーザ溶接又はレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接するためのレーザ溶接継手に関し、特にアンダーフィルを防止した接合を行うためのダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手に関する。   The present invention relates to a laser welded joint for laser welding or laser-arc hybrid welding of double skin panels of extruded hollow shape members, and more particularly to a laser welded joint of a double skin panel for performing joining while preventing underfill.

鉄道車両などでは、車体軽量化に対応すべく軽量なアルミニウム合金材によるダブルスキンパネルを利用した車両構体が採用され、そうしたアルミニウム合金部材の接合にはレーザ溶接が使用されている。更に、同接合には、レーザ溶接とＭＩＧ溶接を組み合わせたレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接が試みられている。ところが、レーザ溶接を行う継手には高い寸法精度が要求され、特に最近ではレーザの性能が高まり、接合部の僅かな隙間を通り過ぎてしまう。そうすると、接合部へ十分な熱が与えられずに接合不良を引き起こすことになり、更には通り過ぎたレーザが反対側の面板に照射されて、悪影響を及ぼすことにもなる。 In railway vehicles and the like, a vehicle structure using a double skin panel made of a light aluminum alloy material is adopted to cope with the weight reduction of the vehicle body, and laser welding is used for joining such aluminum alloy members. Furthermore, laser-arc hybrid welding combining laser welding and MIG welding has been attempted for the joining. However, high dimensional accuracy is required for joints that perform laser welding, and in particular, recently, the performance of lasers has increased, passing through a slight gap in the joint. If it does so, sufficient heat | fever will not be given to a junction part but it will cause a joint failure, and also the laser which passed will be irradiated to the opposite faceplate, and will also have a bad influence.

そこで、下記特許文献１では、接合する面板に形成された継手が、突き合わせ端面を平行なものではレーザ光が通過してしまうため、突き当てられる接合端面を斜面とした継手や、上下に段差部が噛み合うようにした継手が開示されている。これにより、面板に対して直交する方向（端面の突き合わせ方向に直交するレーザの照射方向）には、必ず重なる部分が存在するため、同方向から照射されるレーザ光がそのまま通過してしまうことが防止できる。
特開平９−２２５６６３号公報 Therefore, in the following Patent Document 1, since the laser beam passes through the joint formed on the face plates to be joined when the butted end faces are parallel to each other, the joint having the joined end face to be abutted as an inclined surface or a stepped portion up and down Is disclosed. As a result, there is always an overlapping portion in the direction orthogonal to the face plate (the laser irradiation direction orthogonal to the end face butting direction), so that the laser light irradiated from the same direction may pass through as it is. Can be prevented.
JP 9-225663 A

しかし、接合端面を傾斜させたり段差にする継手形状を採用したとしても、レーザ光が通過してしまう隙間を無くすことはできるものの、突き合わせ方向には隙間が生じてしまい、接合部分の材料が不足してしまう。そうした状態でレーザ溶接が行われると、溶接部の材料不足によってアンダーフィルが生じてしまうことになる。溶接部に生じるアンダーフィルは、表面の凹部が外観を損なうほか、その部分に応力集中が生じてしまうため強度低下が懸念される。特に、高速鉄道車両のように２０〜２５ｍもの長い距離を接合する場合には、ダブルスキンパネルの寸法管理が困難であり、隙間の発生によってアンダーフィルが生じ易くなる。   However, even if a joint shape with a slanted joint end face or a step is adopted, the gap through which the laser beam passes can be eliminated, but a gap is created in the abutting direction, and the material of the joint portion is insufficient. Resulting in. If laser welding is performed in such a state, an underfill will occur due to a lack of material in the weld. The underfill generated in the welded portion has a problem that the concave portion on the surface impairs the appearance, and stress concentration occurs in that portion, so there is a concern that the strength may be reduced. In particular, when a long distance of 20 to 25 m is joined as in a high-speed railway vehicle, it is difficult to manage the dimensions of the double skin panel, and an underfill is likely to occur due to the occurrence of a gap.

そこで、本発明は、かかる課題を解決すべく、アンダーフィルを防止したダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a laser-welded joint for a double skin panel that prevents underfill in order to solve the above-described problems.

本発明に係るダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手は、略平行な２枚の第１面板と第２面板とを複数のリブによって連結した押出中空形材のダブルスキンパネル同士を、その押出し方向である長手方向と直交する幅方向に突き合わせ、レーザ溶接又はレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接によって前記突き合わせ部分を接合するため、前記第１面板及び第２面板の幅方向端部に形成されたものであって、前記ダブルスキンパネルの幅方向端部には、前記第１面板及び第２面板に略直交する端部リブを有し、その端部リブと前記第１面板と第２面板との各交点部分に、前記第１面板同士及び前記第２面板同士を突き合わせる一対の継手部が形成され、前記一対の継手部には、前記第１面板や第２面板の外面との直交方向に突出した突起部と、前記第１面板同士及び前記第２面板同士の突き合わせ時に、前記直交方向に重なるように前記幅方向に突出した外側凸部と内側凸部のいずれか一方ずつが形成され、前記外側凸部又は内側凸部の端面が対となる前記継手部に当たる前記突き合わせ状態で前記一対の継手部の突起部の間には前記幅方向に隙間が生じ、前記外側凸部及び内側凸部の端面が対となる前記継手部に一部当たらない前記突き合わせ状態でも、当該部分の前記外側凸部と内側凸部とが前記直交方向に重なりを生じさせるものであり、前記外側凸部及び内側凸部は、その端面が傾斜面であって、前記一対の継手部は、前記傾斜面同士を当てて前記第１面板同士及び前記第２面板同士を突き合わせるものであることを特徴とする。 The double-skin panel laser welded joint according to the present invention has an extruded direction of double-skin panels of extruded hollow shapes in which two substantially parallel first face plates and second face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs. Butted in the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, and joined to the butted portion by laser welding or laser-arc hybrid welding, is formed at the width direction end of the first face plate and the second face plate, At the end in the width direction of the double skin panel, there is an end rib substantially orthogonal to the first face plate and the second face plate, and at each intersection part of the end rib, the first face plate and the second face plate, A pair of joint portions for abutting the first face plates and the second face plates is formed, and the pair of joint portions includes a protruding portion protruding in a direction orthogonal to the outer surfaces of the first face plate and the second face plate. The first When the face plates and the second face plates are abutted with each other, either the outer convex portion or the inner convex portion protruding in the width direction so as to overlap in the orthogonal direction is formed, and the outer convex portion or the inner convex portion The joint portion in which a gap is generated in the width direction between the protrusions of the pair of joint portions in the abutting state where the end surfaces hit the pair of joint portions, and the end surfaces of the outer convex portion and the inner convex portion are paired Even in the abutting state where a part does not hit, the outer convex portion and the inner convex portion of the portion are caused to overlap in the orthogonal direction , and the outer convex portion and the inner convex portion have inclined end surfaces. And a pair of said joint parts contact said 1st face plates and said 2nd face plates by contacting said inclined surfaces, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

また、本発明に係るダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手は、前記一対の継手部が、前記第１面板側と第２面板側とで対称形状であることが好ましい。
また、本発明に係るダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手は、前記内側凸部が形成された前記継手部には、対となる前記継手部の前記外側凸部の先端部分が入り込む嵌合凹部が形成されたものであることが好ましい。 Moreover , in the laser welded joint for a double skin panel according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pair of joint portions are symmetrical on the first face plate side and the second face plate side.
Further, in the laser welded joint for a double skin panel according to the present invention, a fitting concave portion into which a tip portion of the outer convex portion of the joint portion to be paired enters is formed in the joint portion where the inner convex portion is formed. It is preferred that

よって、本発明によれば、前記第１面板同士及び前記第２面同士の突き合わせが十分な場合にでも突起部の間に隙間があり、その突起部を通してレーザ光を照射するため、接合部を溶融するための時間ロスを無くすことができ、また、突き合わせが十分でない場合にでも前記外側凸部と内側凸部とが重なり部分を有するため、レーザ光が通過してしまわずに接合部を溶融するエネルギーロスを無くした接合が可能になる。そして、突起部を有することでアンダーフィルを防止した接合が可能になる。   Therefore, according to the present invention, there is a gap between the protrusions even when the first face plates and the second surfaces are sufficiently abutted with each other, and laser light is irradiated through the protrusions. Time loss for melting can be eliminated, and even if the butt is not sufficient, the outer convex portion and the inner convex portion have overlapping portions, so the laser beam does not pass and the joint portion is melted. Bonding with no loss of energy is possible. And the joining which prevented the underfill was attained by having a projection part.

次に、本発明に係るダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手の一実施形態について図面を参照しながら以下に説明する。本実施形態のレーザ溶接継手は、ダブルスキンパネルの面板同士を突き合わせ、その突き合わせ部分をレーザ溶接や、レーザ溶接とＭＩＧ溶接或いはＴＩＧ溶接を併用したレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接が行われるものである。そして、こうしたダブルスキンパネル同士の接合によって、例えば図３に示す鉄道車両構体が構成される。   Next, an embodiment of a laser welded joint for a double skin panel according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the laser welded joint of the present embodiment, the face plates of the double skin panel are butted together, and the butted portion is subjected to laser welding or laser / arc hybrid welding using both laser welding and MIG welding or TIG welding. And the railway vehicle structure shown, for example in FIG. 3 is comprised by joining of such double skin panels.

この鉄道車両８０は、左右の面を形成する側構体８１と、屋根を形成する屋根構体８２と、車体長手方向に対して両端を閉鎖する面を形成する妻構体８３と、床面を形成する台枠８４とから構成されている。そして、その側構体８１や屋根構体８２は、車体一両分の長さで押出し成形されたダブルスキンパネル１００が幅方向に複数接合されている。従って、一枚のダブルスキンパネル１００は２０〜２５メートルもの長さになり、その全長にわたってレーザ溶接などによる接合が行われる。   This railway vehicle 80 forms a floor structure, a side structure 81 that forms left and right surfaces, a roof structure 82 that forms a roof, a wife structure 83 that forms surfaces that close both ends with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. And a frame 84. The side structure 81 and the roof structure 82 are joined together in the width direction by a plurality of double skin panels 100 extruded by a length corresponding to one of the vehicle bodies. Accordingly, one double skin panel 100 has a length of 20 to 25 meters, and the entire length is joined by laser welding or the like.

こうした長尺なダブルスキンパネル１００では、その接合端部全体において完全な加工精度を維持することは困難であり、そのため前記課題でも述べたように、接合端面同士の隙間によって接合不良が生じないように、端面を傾斜させたり、段差にする継手形状が提案されてきた。しかし、それではアンダーフィルの問題を解決できないため、本実施形態では、図１及び図２に示すようなダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手を提案する。   In such a long double-skin panel 100, it is difficult to maintain complete processing accuracy in the entire joining end portion. Therefore, as described in the above problem, a joining defect is not caused by a gap between joining end surfaces. In addition, joint shapes have been proposed in which the end surfaces are inclined or stepped. However, since this does not solve the problem of underfill, the present embodiment proposes a laser-welded joint having a double skin panel as shown in FIGS.

図１は、第１実施形態のレーザ溶接継手であって、レーザ溶接する一対のダブルスキンパネル端部の嵌合状態を示した図である。図１（ａ）は、ダブルスキンパネルの幅方向への突き合わせが十分な場合を示し、図１（ｂ）は、ダブルスキンパネルの幅方向への突き合わせが十分でない場合を示している。
図示する一対のダブルスキンパネル１，１は、図３に示す鉄道車両８０を構成するダブルスキンパネル１００に相当するものであり、図面左右の幅方向の端部に図示するようなレーザ溶接継手が形成されている。ダブルスキンパネル１は、図示するように右側端部用継手部１０Ａと左側端部用の継手部１０Ｂによってーザ溶接継手１０が構成され、幅方向に並べられた隣り合うもの同士が突き合わされ、レーザ溶接が行われるようになっている。 FIG. 1 is a laser welded joint according to the first embodiment and is a view showing a fitting state of a pair of double skin panel end portions to be laser welded. FIG. 1A shows a case where the double skin panel is sufficiently matched in the width direction, and FIG. 1B shows a case where the double skin panel is not sufficiently matched in the width direction.
The pair of double skin panels 1 and 1 shown in the figure correspond to the double skin panel 100 constituting the railway vehicle 80 shown in FIG. 3, and laser welded joints as shown in the left and right end portions in the width direction of the drawing are provided. Is formed. As shown in the figure, the double skin panel 1 is composed of a right end joint portion 10A and a left end joint portion 10B. Laser welding is performed.

ダブルスキンパネル１は、ほぼ平行な上面板１０１と下面板１０２とが幅方向に傾斜した複数のリブ１０３によって連結され、トラス状の断面が形成されている。ダブルスキンパネル１が、幅方向に並んだ複数のリブ１０３のうち最端部に位置する端部リブ１０５は、上面板１０１及び下面板１０２に対して直交して形成されている。そして、端部リブ１０５と上面板１０１又は下面板１０２との交点部分に継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂが形成されている。なお、継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂからなるレーザ溶接継手１０は、上面板１０１と下面板１０２とで上下対称になるように形成されている。   In the double skin panel 1, a substantially parallel upper surface plate 101 and lower surface plate 102 are connected by a plurality of ribs 103 inclined in the width direction to form a truss-shaped cross section. Of the plurality of ribs 103 in which the double skin panel 1 is arranged in the width direction, the end rib 105 positioned at the end is formed orthogonal to the upper surface plate 101 and the lower surface plate 102. And joint part 10A, 10B is formed in the intersection part of the edge part rib 105 and the upper surface board 101 or the lower surface board 102. As shown in FIG. The laser welded joint 10 including the joint portions 10A and 10B is formed so as to be vertically symmetrical between the upper surface plate 101 and the lower surface plate 102.

継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂは、共に上面板１０１や下面板１０２から、そのパネル外面に直交する方向（以下、「面外方向」という）に突き出した突起部１１が形成され肉厚になっている。この突起部１１は、上面板１０１や下面板１０２の端部にあって、レーザ溶接継手１０が構成されるダブルスキンパネル１の長手方向に連続して形成されている。そして、上面板１０１や下面板１０２に沿った幅方向（以下、「面内方向」という）には継手部１０Ａの外側凸部１３と、継手部１０Ｂに形成された内側凸部１４とが形成されている。この外側凸部１３と内側凸部１４は、図示するように断面が矩形であって、継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂを突き合わせた場合に、面外方向に重なるように形成されている。   The joint portions 10A and 10B are both thickened with protrusions 11 protruding from the upper surface plate 101 and the lower surface plate 102 in a direction orthogonal to the panel outer surface (hereinafter referred to as “out-of-plane direction”). This protrusion 11 is formed at the end of the upper surface plate 101 and the lower surface plate 102 and is formed continuously in the longitudinal direction of the double skin panel 1 in which the laser welded joint 10 is formed. And in the width direction (henceforth "in-plane direction") along the upper surface board 101 and the lower surface board 102, the outer side convex part 13 of the joint part 10A and the inner side convex part 14 formed in the joint part 10B are formed. Has been. As shown in the drawing, the outer convex portion 13 and the inner convex portion 14 have a rectangular cross section, and are formed so as to overlap in the out-of-plane direction when the joint portions 10A and 10B are abutted.

そして、継手部１０Ｂ側には、突起部１１の肉厚によって、反対の継手部１０Ａ側に形成された外側凸部１３が入り込む嵌合凹部１５が形成されている。この継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂは、精度良く突き合わされた場合には図１（ａ）に示すように、外側凸部１３と内側凸部１４が他方に突き当てられた状態で重なり合い、突起部１１の間にレーザ光Ｌが通る隙間１６が形成されるようになっている。   And the fitting recessed part 15 in which the outer side convex part 13 formed in the opposite joint part 10A side enters by the thickness of the protrusion part 11 is formed in the joint part 10B side. When the joint portions 10A and 10B are abutted with high precision, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the outer convex portion 13 and the inner convex portion 14 are overlapped with each other while being abutted against each other. A gap 16 through which the laser beam L passes is formed.

また、端部リブ１０５からは、幅方向外側に向けて上下の２箇所において受け突起１０６が突設されている。継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂに形成された受け突起１０６は、継手部１０Ｂ側の端部リブ１０５から突き出し、継手部１０Ａの端部リブ１０５側へ伸び、レーザ溶接時には、図示するように接合部をレーザ光Ｌの反照射面側から塞ぐように形成されている。受け突起１０６は、レーザ接合時にシールドガスを溜める空間を形成する。   Further, from the end rib 105, receiving projections 106 are projected at two locations on the upper and lower sides toward the outer side in the width direction. The receiving projections 106 formed on the joint portions 10A and 10B protrude from the end rib 105 on the joint portion 10B side and extend toward the end rib 105 side of the joint portion 10A. The light L is formed so as to be closed from the side opposite to the irradiation surface. The receiving protrusion 106 forms a space for storing a shielding gas during laser bonding.

そこで、本実施形態のレーザ溶接継手１０によってダブルスキンパネル１同士をレーザ溶接する場合、長い距離の溶接部分には継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂが図１（ａ）に示すように突き合わせが十分な箇所や、図１（ｂ）に示すように突き合わせが十分でない箇所が生じる。しかし、図１（ｂ）に示すような接合箇所であっても、対向する継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂの外側凸部１３と内側凸部１４とが面外方向に重なり部分を有しているため、その面外方向から照射されるレーザ光Ｌがそのまま継手部分を通り過ぎてしまうことはない。   Therefore, when the laser welding joint 10 of the present embodiment is used to laser weld the double skin panels 1 to each other, the joint portions 10A and 10B have a sufficient amount of contact as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), a portion where the butt is insufficient is generated. However, even in the joint location as shown in FIG. 1B, the outer convex portion 13 and the inner convex portion 14 of the joint portions 10A and 10B facing each other have overlapping portions in the out-of-plane direction. The laser beam L irradiated from the out-of-plane direction does not pass through the joint as it is.

継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂの接合部にはレーザ光Ｌが照射され、それと同時に照射側からシールドガスが噴射される。レーザ溶接では、集中的な加熱による溶融によって溶接が行われるが、その際、レーザ光Ｌの照射部分には端面間の隙間があって、その隙間からシールドガスが入り込む。そのため、シールドガスが受け突起１０６の空間や、端部リブ１０５によって囲まれた空間内に充填されてバックシールドガスとなる。   Laser light L is applied to the joints of the joints 10A and 10B, and at the same time, shield gas is injected from the irradiation side. In laser welding, welding is performed by melting by intensive heating. At that time, there is a gap between the end faces in the irradiated portion of the laser beam L, and the shield gas enters from the gap. Therefore, the shielding gas fills the space of the receiving projection 106 and the space surrounded by the end ribs 105 to become the back shielding gas.

そして、図１（ａ），（ｂ）に示すいずれの突き合わせ状態でも、外側凸部１３と内側凸部１４とが重なっているため、照射されたレーザ光Ｌが接合部分に当たり、当該部分を加熱することで突起部１１を含む周辺を溶融する。その際、図１（ｂ）の場合には、外側凸部１３と嵌合凹部１５との隙間を埋めるように、特に溶融した突起部１１の材料が流れて接合が行われる。溶接後は、面板表面に沿って突起部１１が切削加工によって削り取られ、接合された上面板１０１同士或いは下面板１０２同士の平面仕上げが行われる。   1A and 1B, since the outer convex portion 13 and the inner convex portion 14 overlap each other, the irradiated laser beam L hits the bonded portion and heats the portion. By doing so, the periphery including the protrusion 11 is melted. At that time, in the case of FIG. 1B, the melted material of the protrusion 11 flows and is joined so as to fill the gap between the outer protrusion 13 and the fitting recess 15. After welding, the protrusions 11 are scraped off along the surface of the face plate, and planar finishing of the joined upper surface plates 101 or lower surface plates 102 is performed.

従って、図１（ａ）の場合には隙間１６からレーザ光Ｌが入って接合部を直接溶融するため、突起部１５が存在していても時間ロスを抑えることができ、図１（ｂ）の場合には、レーザ光Ｌを外側凸部１３や内側凸部１４に当て通過させてしまうことがないため、エネルギーロスを無くすことができた。その結果、図１（ｂ）のように突き合わせが十分でない箇所でも溶接時間を無駄にすることなく、全体での溶接速度を上げることが可能になった。
また、図１（ｂ）の場合に、突起部１１が外側凸部１３と嵌合凹部１５との隙間を埋めるので、アンダーフィルを防止することができるようになった。
また、継手部１０Ａ，１０Ｂをそれぞれ上下対称に形成したので、ダブルスキンパネル１同士が嵌合し、レーザ溶接に当たって組み付けやすくなった。 Accordingly, in the case of FIG. 1 (a), the laser beam L enters from the gap 16 and the joint is directly melted, so that time loss can be suppressed even if the protrusion 15 is present, and FIG. 1 (b). In this case, the laser beam L is not allowed to pass through the outer convex portion 13 or the inner convex portion 14, and thus energy loss can be eliminated. As a result, it is possible to increase the overall welding speed without wasting welding time even in a location where the butting is not sufficient as shown in FIG.
Further, in the case of FIG. 1B, the protrusion 11 fills the gap between the outer convex portion 13 and the fitting concave portion 15, so that underfill can be prevented.
Further, since the joint portions 10A and 10B are formed symmetrically in the vertical direction, the double skin panels 1 are fitted to each other and can be easily assembled by laser welding.

このレーザ溶接継手１０に対しては、レーザ溶接の他、ＭＩＧ溶接或いはＴＩＧ溶接を併用したレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接であってもよい。レーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接は、レーザ光Ｌの照射と接合部の前方からレーザ用シールドガスが供給され、その後方からは例えばＭＩＧトーチを使用したＭＩＧ溶接が行われる。これによれば、前述したレーザ溶接と同様に、時間を無駄にすることなく、欠陥を生じさせないことが可能になり、図１（ｂ）の場合のように外側凸部１３と嵌合凹部１５との隙間が大きい場合でも、ＭＩＧ溶接のフィラーワイヤで埋めていくので、確実にアンダーフィルを防止することができる。   The laser welding joint 10 may be laser / arc hybrid welding using MIG welding or TIG welding together with laser welding. In laser / arc hybrid welding, laser shield gas is supplied from the front of the laser beam L and the joint, and MIG welding using, for example, a MIG torch is performed from the rear. According to this, as in the laser welding described above, it becomes possible to prevent the occurrence of defects without wasting time, and the outer convex portion 13 and the fitting concave portion 15 as in the case of FIG. Even when the gap is large, the filler wire is filled with MIG welding, so that underfill can be reliably prevented.

次に、図２は、第２実施形態のレーザ溶接継手であって、レーザ溶接する一対のダブルスキンパネル端部の嵌合状態を示した図である。図２（ａ）は、ダブルスキンパネルの幅方向への突き合わせが十分な場合を示し、図２（ｂ）は、ダブルスキンパネルの幅方向への突き合わせが十分でない場合を示している。
図示する一対のダブルスキンパネル２，２も、図３に示す鉄道車両８０を構成するダブルスキンパネル１００に相当するものであり、図面左右の幅方向の端部に図示するようなレーザ溶接継手が形成されている。ダブルスキンパネル２は、図示するように右側端部用の継手部２０Ａと左側端部用の継手部２０Ｂによってレーザ溶接継手２０が構成され、幅方向に並べられた隣り合うもの同士が突き合わされ、レーザ溶接が行われるようになっている。 Next, FIG. 2 is a laser welded joint according to the second embodiment and is a diagram showing a fitted state of a pair of double skin panel end portions to be laser welded. FIG. 2A shows a case where the double skin panel is sufficiently matched in the width direction, and FIG. 2B shows a case where the double skin panel is not sufficiently matched in the width direction.
The pair of double skin panels 2 and 2 shown in the figure also correspond to the double skin panel 100 constituting the railway vehicle 80 shown in FIG. 3, and laser welded joints as shown in the left and right end portions in the width direction of the drawing are provided. Is formed. As shown in the figure, the double skin panel 2 has a laser welded joint 20 constituted by a joint portion 20A for the right end and a joint portion 20B for the left end, and the adjacent ones arranged in the width direction are abutted with each other. Laser welding is performed.

ダブルスキンパネル２は、第１実施形態と同様に、ほぼ平行な上面板１０１と下面板１０２とが幅方向に傾斜した複数のリブ１０３によって連結され、トラス状の断面が形成されている。ダブルスキンパネル２は、幅方向に並んだ複数のリブ１０３のうち最端部に位置する端部リブ１０５が、上面板１０１及び下面板１０２に対して直交して形成されている。そして、端部リブ１０５と上面板１０１又は下面板１０２との交点部分に継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂが形成されている。継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂからなるレーザ溶接継手２０も、上面板１０１と下面板１０２とで上下対称になるように形成されている。   As in the first embodiment, the double skin panel 2 has a substantially parallel upper surface plate 101 and lower surface plate 102 connected by a plurality of ribs 103 that are inclined in the width direction to form a truss-shaped cross section. In the double skin panel 2, end ribs 105 positioned at the end of the plurality of ribs 103 arranged in the width direction are formed orthogonal to the upper surface plate 101 and the lower surface plate 102. And joint part 20A, 20B is formed in the intersection part of the edge part rib 105 and the upper surface board 101 or the lower surface board 102. As shown in FIG. The laser welding joint 20 including the joint portions 20A and 20B is also formed so as to be vertically symmetrical between the upper surface plate 101 and the lower surface plate 102.

継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂには、上面板１０１や下面板１０２の端部に突起部２１があって、レーザ溶接継手２０が構成されるダブルスキンパネル２の長手方向に連続した肉厚部分が形成されている。その肉厚の継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂは、端部リブ１０５から面内方向に突出した外側凸部２３と内側凸部２４が形成され、端面には同じ角度で斜面が形成されている。こうして外側凸部２３と内側凸部２４を形成することによって、継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂは、突き合わせた場合に、面外方向に重なるようになる。継手部２０Ｂ側には、突起部２１の肉厚によって、反対の継手部２０Ａ側に形成された外側凸部２３の先端部が入り込む嵌合凹部２５が形成されている。   The joint portions 20A and 20B have protrusions 21 at the ends of the upper surface plate 101 and the lower surface plate 102, and are formed with a thick portion continuous in the longitudinal direction of the double skin panel 2 in which the laser welded joint 20 is formed. ing. The thick joint portions 20A and 20B are formed with an outer convex portion 23 and an inner convex portion 24 protruding in the in-plane direction from the end rib 105, and the end surfaces are formed with inclined surfaces at the same angle. By forming the outer convex portion 23 and the inner convex portion 24 in this manner, the joint portions 20A and 20B overlap in the out-of-plane direction when they are abutted. On the joint portion 20B side, a fitting concave portion 25 into which the distal end portion of the outer convex portion 23 formed on the opposite joint portion 20A side enters is formed by the thickness of the protruding portion 21.

そこで、本実施形態のレーザ溶接継手２０によってダブルスキンパネル２同士をレーザ溶接する場合、長い距離の溶接部分には継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂが図２（ａ）に示すように突き合わせが十分な箇所や、図２（ｂ）に示すように突き合わせが十分でない箇所が生じる。しかし、図２（ｂ）に示すような接合箇所であって、対向する継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂの外側凸部２３と内側凸部２４とに斜めの隙間が空いていても、面外方向に重なり部分を有しているため、その面外方向から照射されるレーザ光Ｌがそのまま継手部分を通り過ぎてしまうことはない。 Therefore, when the double skin panels 2 are laser welded to each other by the laser welded joint 20 of the present embodiment, the joint portions 20A and 20B have a sufficient contact as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), a portion where the butting is not sufficient is generated. However, a joint as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the opposed joint portions 20A, even if the vacant clearance Me oblique to the outer protrusions 23 and the inner convex portion 24 of the 20B, the out-of-plane direction Since it has an overlapping part, the laser light L irradiated from the out-of-plane direction does not pass through the joint part as it is.

継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂの接合部にはレーザ光Ｌが照射され、それと同時に照射側からシールドガスが噴射される。レーザ溶接では、集中的な加熱による溶融によって溶接が行われるが、その際、レーザ光Ｌの照射部分には端面間の隙間があって、その隙間からシールドガスが入り込む。そのため、シールドガスが受け突起１０６の空間や、端部リブ１０５によって囲まれた空間内に充填されてバックシールドガスとなる。   Laser light L is applied to the joints of the joints 20A and 20B, and at the same time, shield gas is injected from the irradiation side. In laser welding, welding is performed by melting by intensive heating. At that time, there is a gap between the end faces in the irradiated portion of the laser beam L, and the shield gas enters from the gap. Therefore, the shielding gas fills the space of the receiving projection 106 and the space surrounded by the end ribs 105 to become the back shielding gas.

そして、図２（ａ），（ｂ）に示すいずれの突き合わせ状態でも、照射されたレーザ光Ｌが外側凸部２３や内側凸部２４に当たり、当該部分を加熱することで突起部２１を含む周辺を溶融する。その際、図２（ｂ）の場合には、外側凸部２３と嵌合凹部２５との隙間を埋めるように、特に溶融した突起部２１の材料が流れて接合が行われる。溶接後は、面板表面に沿って突起部２１が切削加工によって削り取られ、接合された上面板１０１同士或いは下面板１０２同士の平面仕上げが行われる。   2A and 2B, the irradiated laser beam L hits the outer convex portion 23 and the inner convex portion 24, and the peripheral portion including the protruding portion 21 by heating the portion. Melt. At that time, in the case of FIG. 2B, the molten material of the protruding portion 21 flows and joins so as to fill the gap between the outer protruding portion 23 and the fitting recessed portion 25. After welding, the protrusions 21 are cut off by cutting along the surface of the face plate, and planar finishing of the joined upper surface plates 101 or lower surface plates 102 is performed.

従って、図２（ａ）の場合には隙間２６からレーザ光Ｌが入って接合部を直接溶融するため、突起部２１が存在していても時間ロスを抑えることができ、図２（ｂ）の場合には、レーザ光Ｌを確実に継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂに当てるため、エネルギーロスを無くすことができた。その結果、図２（ｂ）のように突き合わせが十分でない箇所でも溶接時間を無駄にすることなく、全体での溶接速度を上げることが可能になった。
また、図２（ｂ）の場合に、突起部２１が外側凸部２３と内側凸部２４の隙間を埋めるので、アンダーフィルを防止することができるようになった。
また、継手部２０Ａ，２０Ｂをそれぞれ上下対称に形成したので、ダブルスキンパネル２同士が嵌合し、レーザ溶接に当たって組み付けやすくなった。 Therefore, in the case of FIG. 2 (a), the laser beam L enters from the gap 26 and the joint is directly melted, so that time loss can be suppressed even if the protrusion 21 is present, and FIG. 2 (b). In this case, energy loss can be eliminated because the laser beam L is reliably applied to the joint portions 20A and 20B. As a result, it is possible to increase the overall welding speed without wasting welding time even in a location where the butting is not sufficient as shown in FIG.
Further, in the case of FIG. 2B, the protrusion 21 fills the gap between the outer protrusion 23 and the inner protrusion 24, so that underfill can be prevented.
In addition, since the joint portions 20A and 20B are formed symmetrically in the vertical direction, the double skin panels 2 are fitted to each other and can be assembled easily upon laser welding.

また、このレーザ溶接継手２０に対しては、レーザ溶接の他、ＭＩＧ溶接或いはＴＩＧ溶接を併用したレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接であってもよい。レーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接は、レーザ光Ｌの照射と接合部の前方からレーザ用シールドガスが供給され、その後方からは例えばＭＩＧトーチを使用したＭＩＧ溶接が行われる。これによれば、前述したレーザ溶接と同様に、時間を無駄にすることなく、欠陥を生じさせないことが可能になり、図２（ｂ）の場合のように外側凸部２３と内側凸部２４の隙間が大きい場合でも、ＭＩＧ溶接のフィラーワイヤで埋めていくので、確実にアンダーフィルを防止することができる。   The laser weld joint 20 may be laser / arc hybrid welding using MIG welding or TIG welding in addition to laser welding. In laser / arc hybrid welding, laser shield gas is supplied from the front of the laser beam L and the joint, and MIG welding using, for example, a MIG torch is performed from the rear. According to this, like the laser welding described above, it becomes possible to prevent the occurrence of defects without wasting time, and the outer convex portion 23 and the inner convex portion 24 as in the case of FIG. Even when the gap is large, it is filled with a filler wire of MIG welding, so that underfill can be reliably prevented.

以上、本発明に係るダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、これに限定されることなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で様々な変更が可能である。
例えば、前記実施形態では、受け突起１０６を形成していたが、本発明ではレーザ光Ｌが継手部分をそのまま通過してしまうことはないため、受け突起１０６を無くした形状のものであってもよい。 As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of the laser welding joint of the double skin panel which concerns on this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the above embodiment, the receiving protrusion 106 is formed. However, in the present invention, the laser light L does not pass through the joint portion as it is, and therefore the receiving protrusion 106 may be omitted. Good.

第１実施形態のレーザ溶接継手を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the laser weld joint of 1st Embodiment. 第２実施形態のレーザ溶接継手を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the laser weld joint of 2nd Embodiment. レーザ溶接継手を有するダブルスキンパネルによって構成された鉄道車両用構体を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the structure for rail vehicles comprised by the double skin panel which has a laser welding joint.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ダブルスキンパネル
１０ レーザ溶接継手
１０Ａ，１０Ｂ 継手部
１１ 突起部
１３ 外側凸部
１４ 内側凸部
１５ 嵌合凹部
１６ 隙間
１０１ 上面板
１０２ 下面板
１０３ リブ
１０５ 端部リブ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Double skin panel 10 Laser welding joint 10A, 10B Joint part 11 Protrusion part 13 Outer convex part 14 Inner convex part 15 Fitting recessed part 16 Crevice 101 Upper surface board 102 Lower surface board 103 Rib 105 End part rib

Claims (3)

略平行な２枚の第１面板と第２面板とを複数のリブによって連結した押出中空形材のダブルスキンパネル同士を、その押出し方向である長手方向と直交する幅方向に突き合わせ、レーザ溶接又はレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接によって前記突き合わせ部分を接合するため、前記第１面板及び第２面板の幅方向端部に形成されたレーザ溶接継手において、
前記ダブルスキンパネルの幅方向端部には、前記第１面板及び第２面板に略直交する端部リブを有し、その端部リブと前記第１面板と第２面板との各交点部分に、前記第１面板同士及び前記第２面板同士を突き合わせる一対の継手部が形成され、
前記一対の継手部には、前記第１面板や第２面板の外面との直交方向に突出した突起部と、前記第１面板同士及び前記第２面板同士の突き合わせ時に、前記直交方向に重なるように前記幅方向に突出した外側凸部と内側凸部のいずれか一方ずつが形成され、
前記外側凸部又は内側凸部の端面が対となる前記継手部に当たる前記突き合わせ状態で前記一対の継手部の突起部の間には前記幅方向に隙間が生じ、前記外側凸部及び内側凸部の端面が対となる前記継手部に一部当たらない前記突き合わせ状態でも、当該部分の前記外側凸部と内側凸部とが前記直交方向に重なりを生じさせるものであり、
前記外側凸部及び内側凸部は、その端面が傾斜面であって、前記一対の継手部は、前記傾斜面同士を当てて前記第１面板同士及び前記第２面板同士を突き合わせるものであることを特徴とするダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手。 Double skin panels of extruded hollow shapes in which two substantially parallel first face plates and second face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs are butted together in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction that is the push direction, laser welding or In order to join the butt portion by laser-arc hybrid welding, in the laser weld joint formed at the width direction end of the first face plate and the second face plate,
At the end in the width direction of the double skin panel, there is an end rib substantially orthogonal to the first face plate and the second face plate, and at each intersection portion of the end rib, the first face plate, and the second face plate. , A pair of joint portions that abut the first face plates and the second face plates are formed,
The pair of joint portions overlap with each other in the orthogonal direction when the projections projecting in the direction orthogonal to the outer surfaces of the first face plate and the second face plate and the first face plates and the second face plates are brought into contact with each other. Either one of the outer convex portion and the inner convex portion protruding in the width direction is formed,
A gap is generated in the width direction between the protrusions of the pair of joint portions in the abutting state where the end surfaces of the outer convex portion or the inner convex portion are in contact with the joint portion, and the outer convex portion and the inner convex portion. Even in the abutting state where the end faces of the part do not partially contact the joint part, the outer convex part and the inner convex part of the part cause an overlap in the orthogonal direction ,
The outer convex portion and the inner convex portion have inclined end surfaces, and the pair of joint portions abut the first face plates and the second face plates against each other by the inclined surfaces. A laser welding joint of a double skin panel characterized by that . 請求項１に記載するダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手において、
前記一対の継手部は、前記第１面板側と第２面板側とで対称形状であることを特徴とするダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手。 In the laser welding joint of the double skin panel according to claim 1 ,
The pair of joint portions are symmetrical with respect to the first face plate side and the second face plate side, and are a laser welding joint for a double skin panel. 請求項１又は請求項２に記載するダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手において、
前記内側凸部が形成された前記継手部には、対となる前記継手部の前記外側凸部の先端部分が入り込む嵌合凹部が形成されたものであることを特徴とするダブルスキンパネルのレーザ溶接継手。 In the laser welded joint of the double skin panel according to claim 1 or claim 2 ,
A laser for a double skin panel, wherein the joint portion formed with the inner convex portion is formed with a fitting concave portion into which a tip portion of the outer convex portion of the joint portion to be paired enters. Welded joints.
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