JP5321008B2 - Package for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers and method for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers - Google Patents
Package for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers and method for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers Download PDFInfo
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- JP5321008B2 JP5321008B2 JP2008296757A JP2008296757A JP5321008B2 JP 5321008 B2 JP5321008 B2 JP 5321008B2 JP 2008296757 A JP2008296757 A JP 2008296757A JP 2008296757 A JP2008296757 A JP 2008296757A JP 5321008 B2 JP5321008 B2 JP 5321008B2
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- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 title claims description 139
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 11
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、菊の切り花を包装して、１０℃より高く３０℃以下で保存する際の菊の切り花の保存方法及び菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋に関するものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for preserving chrysanthemum cut flowers when packaging chrysanthemum cut flowers and storing them at a temperature higher than 10 ° C. and lower than 30 ° C., and a packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers.
菊の切り花をはじめとする青果物は、周囲のガス雰囲気が大気よりも適度に低酸素濃度、高二酸化炭素濃度になると、大気中にある場合に比べて呼吸量が少なくなり、長持ちするようになる。しかし、青果物を過度な低酸素濃度、高二酸化炭素濃度条件下に置くと、呼吸障害を起こして、劣化しやすくなる。 Fruits and vegetables such as chrysanthemum flowers will last longer if their surrounding gas atmosphere has a moderately low oxygen concentration and high carbon dioxide concentration compared to the air, resulting in less breathing than in the air. . However, if the fruits and vegetables are placed under excessively low oxygen concentration and high carbon dioxide concentration conditions, they cause respiratory problems and are likely to deteriorate.
そのため、青果物を包装して、貯蔵、出荷、運搬、店頭陳列する際には、適度なガス条件で青果物を保存しなければならない。 Therefore, when packaging fruits and vegetables for storage, shipment, transportation, and store display, the fruits and vegetables must be stored under appropriate gas conditions.
ところが、最適なガス条件は、青果物の種類により異なるため、菊の切り花以外の青果物では、良好な保存条件であったとしても、菊の切り花に応用できるとは限らない。特に、菊の切り花は、包装袋で包装して保存する場合、保存中に開花、しおれ、葉の黄化といった問題が生じやすく、包装袋を開封後に菊の切り花を開花させる必要があるため、菊の切り花以外の青果物での保存条件を、そのまま適用することはできない。 However, since the optimum gas conditions vary depending on the type of fruits and vegetables, fruits and vegetables other than chrysanthemum cut flowers are not always applicable to chrysanthemum cut flowers even under good storage conditions. In particular, when chrysanthemum cut flowers are packaged and stored in a packaging bag, problems such as flowering, wilting, and yellowing of the leaves are likely to occur during storage, and it is necessary to open chrysanthemum flowers after opening the packaging bag. Preservation conditions for fruits and vegetables other than cut chrysanthemum flowers cannot be applied as they are.
菊は、冠婚葬祭などに広く使用されており、その需要は高温期を含めて年中ある。冷蔵設備が不足しているので、単価の安い菊は、常温で流通・販売されることが多く、葉の黄化、しおれ、花が開きすぎるといった問題が生じやすい。
また、菊の切り花は、盆、暮、彼岸に需要が集中するため、これに合わせて数量を調節するのは非常に困難であり、収穫後に使用できる簡易な短期出荷調整方法が需要と供給の両方の関係者より熱望されている。菊は、通常全ての花弁が完全に閉じた状態で収穫、流通されており、市場着荷時の段階で花弁が開きすぎていると商品価値が著しく低下してしまう。特に１０℃より高い温度では、これらの現象が生じやすく、これまで有効な鮮度保持方法が見当たらなかった。
Chrysanthemum is widely used for ceremonial occasions and the like, and its demand is around the year including the high temperature period. Because of the lack of refrigeration equipment, cheap chrysanthemums are often distributed and sold at room temperature, and problems such as yellowing of leaves, wilting, and excessive flowering tend to occur.
In addition, the demand for chrysanthemum cut flowers is concentrated on the basin, the night, and the bank, so it is very difficult to adjust the quantity accordingly. Enthusiasm from both parties. Chrysanthemum is normally harvested and distributed with all petals completely closed, and if the petals are too open at the time of market arrival, the value of the product will be significantly reduced. Particularly at temperatures higher than 10 ° C., these phenomena are likely to occur, and no effective freshness maintaining method has been found so far.
特開平９−１０７８７９号公報（特許文献１）には、菊の貯蔵方法として酸素及び二酸化炭素透過量が菊１ｋｇ当たり４，０００〜８，０００ｃｃ／袋・２４ｈ・ａｔｍの合成樹脂フィルムにより密封包装し、雰囲気を０〜５℃で酸素濃度１０〜１９％、二酸化炭素濃度１〜１０％にする菊の貯蔵方法が記載されている。この方法であれば、菊の開花を少し遅らせることができるが、貯蔵時の温度が０〜５℃に限られているため冷蔵設備が必要であり、１０℃より高い温度帯でも菊の切花を簡単に保存・出荷できる方法が求められていた。 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-107879 (patent document 1) discloses a method for storing chrysanthemums in a hermetically sealed manner using a synthetic resin film having an oxygen and carbon dioxide permeation rate of 4,000 to 8,000 cc / bag / 24 h · atm per kg of chrysanthemums. In addition, a method for storing chrysanthemums having an atmosphere of 0 to 5 ° C. and an oxygen concentration of 10 to 19% and a carbon dioxide concentration of 1 to 10% is described. With this method, the flowering of chrysanthemums can be delayed a little, but since the temperature at the time of storage is limited to 0-5 ° C, refrigeration equipment is necessary. There was a need for a method that could be easily stored and shipped.
菊を１０℃より高い温度帯で保存、輸送する場合において、特許文献１にて開示されている菊の貯蔵方法では、温度が０〜５℃に限られており適用することができなかった。本発明では、特許文献１に開示された条件よりも菊の切り花の鮮度保持が難しい高温域で菊の開花を遅らせ、葉の黄化を遅らせ、しおれを遅らせることにより、より高温域でも、菊を保存できる包装袋を提供することを目的とする。 When storing and transporting chrysanthemums in a temperature range higher than 10 ° C., the chrysanthemum storage method disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied because the temperature is limited to 0 to 5 ° C. In the present invention, the chrysanthemum flower is delayed in the high temperature range where it is difficult to keep the freshness of the chrysanthemum flowers under the conditions disclosed in Patent Document 1, the yellowing of the leaves is delayed, and the wilting is delayed, so even in the higher temperature range, the chrysanthemum It aims at providing the packaging bag which can preserve | save.
本発明は、開花しやすく、葉が黄化しやすく、市場流通段階では、蕾が開き出すと商品価値が著しく低下するという菊の切り花の鮮度保持に関する課題を解決する。また、特に葬祭で用いるので、菊の切り花の鮮度保持においては、花弁の褐変が少ないこと、腐敗が少ないこと、カビの発生が少ないこと、葉の黄化が少ないことという外観と異臭が少ないことに関する菊の切り花固有の課題を解決する。 The present invention solves the problem relating to maintaining the freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers, which is easy to bloom, leaves tend to yellow, and in the market distribution stage, the commercial value is significantly reduced when the buds open. In addition, because it is used especially at funerals, the appearance of freshness of the chrysanthemum cut flowers, less petal browning, less decay, less mold, less yellowing of leaves and less off-flavors Resolve the challenges inherent to chrysanthemum cut flowers.
本発明者は、上記従来技術における課題を解決すべく、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、菊を低温保存することなく、菊の切り花１００ｇ当りの酸素透過量を特定の範囲の包装袋にて包装することにより、菊の切り花の鮮度保持効果が高くなり、長期の保存や輸送ができることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-described problems in the prior art, the present inventor packs the oxygen permeation amount per 100 g of chrysanthemum cut flowers in a specific range of packaging bags without preserving the chrysanthemums at low temperatures. As a result, it was found that the effect of maintaining the freshness of chrysanthemum flowers was enhanced, and that it could be stored and transported for a long time, and the present invention was completed.
すなわち、本発明（１）は、
高分子フィルムからなる菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋であって、前記鮮度保持用包装袋には微細孔を有し、菊の切り花の平均保存温度Ｔ（℃）が１０℃より高く３０℃以下であり、２３℃における菊１００ｇあたりの前記鮮度保持用包装袋の酸素透過量Ｐ（ｃｃ／１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）が２００〜４５００ｃｃ／１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍであることを特徴とする菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋である。
That is, the present invention (1)
A packaging bag for maintaining freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers made of a polymer film, wherein the packaging bag for maintaining freshness has fine holes, and the average storage temperature T (° C) of the chrysanthemum cut flowers is higher than 10 ° C and 30 ° C. The oxygen permeation amount P (cc / 100 g · day · atm) of the freshness-keeping packaging bag per 100 g of chrysanthemum at 23 ° C. is 200 to 4500 cc / 100 g · day · atm. This is a packaging bag for maintaining the freshness of cut flowers.
更に本発明は、
（２）前記菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋の微細孔の総開孔面積が、菊の切り花１００ｇあたり１×１０−３ｍｍ２／１００ｇより大きく３×１０−１ｍｍ２／１００ｇ以下である前記（１）に記載の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋、
（３）前記菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋の微細孔が、平均孔径５〜１０００μｍの微細孔である請求項１又は２に記載の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋である。
更に、上記（１）〜（３）のいずれかに記載の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋を用いて菊の切り花を保存する菊の切り花の鮮度保持保存方法である。
Furthermore, the present invention provides
(2) The total opening area of the micropores of the cut flowers Freshness packaging bag of the chrysanthemum is greater than 1 × 10 -3 mm 2 / 100g per cut flowers 100g chrysanthemum 3 × 10 -1 mm 2 / 100g or less A packaging bag for keeping freshness of cut chrysanthemum flowers according to (1) above,
(3) The chrysanthemum cut flower freshness-keeping packaging bag according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fine holes of the chrysanthemum cut flower freshness keeping packaging bag are fine holes having an average pore diameter of 5 to 1000 µm.
Further, the present invention is a method for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers, which preserves chrysanthemum cut flowers using the packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers according to any one of the above (1) to (3).
本発明によれば、菊の切り花を包装して、１０℃より高い温度で長期間の間、菊の開花を防いで、菊を均一の状態で保存することができ、その後の出荷、運搬、店頭陳列されても商品価値が下がること無く、優れた鮮度保持効果を発揮する菊の切り花の保存方法及び菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋を提供することができる。従って、本発明により、開花しやすく、葉が黄化しやすく、市場流通段階では、蕾が開きすぎると商品価値が著しく低下するという菊の切り花の鮮度保持についての課題を解決することができる。また、菊は特に葬祭で用いられるので、菊の切り花の鮮度保持においては、花弁の褐変が少ないこと、腐敗が少ないこと、葉の黄化が少ないこと等の外観と異臭に関する菊の切り花の固有の課題を解決することができる。 According to the present invention, cut chrysanthemum flowers can be packaged to prevent chrysanthemum flowering for a long period of time at a temperature higher than 10 ° C., and the chrysanthemum can be stored in a uniform state. It is possible to provide a method for preserving chrysanthemum cut flowers and a packaging bag for maintaining the freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers that exhibit an excellent freshness-keeping effect without deteriorating the commercial value even if they are displayed in stores. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to solve the problem of maintaining the freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers that the flower value is easy to bloom, the leaves are easily yellowed, and the commercial value is significantly reduced if the buds are opened too much in the market distribution stage. Chrysanthemum is used especially at funerals, so in keeping the freshness of chrysanthemum, the chrysanthemum cuts are unique in terms of appearance and off-flavor, such as less petal browning, less rot, less leaf yellowing, etc. The problem can be solved.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法は、菊の切り花を高分子フィルムで包装して保存する菊の切り花の保存方法において、保存時の菊の切り花の鮮度保持包装用袋の２３℃における酸素透過量を菊１００ｇあたり、２００〜４５００[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]とする菊の切り花の保存方法である。 The method for preserving cut chrysanthemums according to the present invention is a method for preserving cut chrysanthemum flowers by packaging the chrysanthemum cut flowers with a polymer film, and maintaining the freshness of the chrysanthemum cut flowers during storage. This is a method for preserving cut chrysanthemum flowers in an amount of 200 to 4500 [cc / (100 g · day · atm)] per 100 g of chrysanthemum.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法は、該菊の切り花を収穫後、高分子フィルムで包装し、菊を貯蔵（保存）するが、その後、菊の切り花は出荷、運搬、店頭陳列される。概高分子フィルムで包装後の平均保存温度は１０℃より高く３０℃以下である。出荷、運搬、店頭陳列でも上記の温度範囲内に置かれることが好ましいが、状況によっては難しい場合もあり、保存時の温度も含めて平均保存温度として１０℃より高く３０℃以下の範囲に置かれることが好ましく、少なくとも保存時は上記の範囲にて保存される。なお、本発明においては、包装体とは、該高分子フィルムで包装された該菊の切り花のことを指す。 In the method for preserving chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the present invention, the chrysanthemum cut flowers are harvested and then wrapped with a polymer film, and the chrysanthemum is stored (preserved). Thereafter, the chrysanthemum cut flowers are shipped, transported, and displayed in stores. The average storage temperature after packaging with a polymer film is generally higher than 10 ° C and lower than 30 ° C. Although it is preferable to be within the above temperature range for shipping, transportation, and store display, it may be difficult depending on the situation, and the average storage temperature including the temperature during storage is higher than 10 ° C and lower than 30 ° C. It is preferable to be stored, and at least during storage, it is stored in the above range. In the present invention, the package refers to the chrysanthemum cut flowers packaged with the polymer film.
本発明に使用される菊は、キク科の多年草であり、花の直径が１６ｃｍ以上の大菊、６ｃｍ以下の小菊、これらの中間の大きさの中菊のいずれでもかまわないが、特に切り花１本に花がひとつの一輪菊の鮮度保持に適しているが、切り花として使用可能なものであればなんら差し支えない。菊１本あたりの包装資材費や包装の手間を考慮すると、１０本以上１００本以下を１袋で包装することが好ましい。さらに好ましくは、３０本以上１００本以下を１袋で包装することが好ましい。 The chrysanthemum used in the present invention is a perennial plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, which may be either a large chrysanthemum having a flower diameter of 16 cm or more, a small chrysanthemum having a diameter of 6 cm or less, or a middle chrysanthemum having an intermediate size. The flower is suitable for maintaining the freshness of a single chrysanthemum, but it can be used as long as it can be used as a cut flower. Considering the packaging material cost per chrysanthemums and the packaging effort, it is preferable to package 10 or more and 100 or less in one bag. More preferably, it is preferable to package 30 or more and 100 or less in one bag.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法に係る該高分子フィルムは、特に制限されず、青果物の包装に用いられている高分子フィルムであればよく、材質としては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリ乳酸等、あるいは、これらの複合材料が挙げられる。これらは、防曇加工や印刷を施したものでもよい。また、延伸したフィルムでも、未延伸のフィルムでも良い。これらの材質の中で、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンなど透湿度が３０（ｇ／ｍ２・日）（測定方法：ＪＩＳ Ｚ ０２０８）以下のものが鮮度保持の点で好ましい。更にポリプロピレンやポリエチレンテレフタレートとポリエチレンなどのラミネートフィルムは、強度の点で好ましい。 The polymer film according to the method for preserving chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer film used for packaging fruits and vegetables. Examples of the material include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polychlorinated Examples thereof include vinyl, polyamide, polyester, polylactic acid, and the like, or composite materials thereof. These may be subjected to antifogging processing or printing. Further, it may be a stretched film or an unstretched film. Among these materials, those having a moisture permeability of 30 (g / m 2 · day) (measurement method: JIS Z 0208) or less, such as polypropylene and polyethylene, are preferable in terms of maintaining freshness. Furthermore, laminate films such as polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene are preferable in terms of strength.
該高分子フィルムの厚さは、特に制限されないが、通常、１５〜６０μｍであり、取り扱い及びコストの観点から、２５〜５２μｍが好ましい。 The thickness of the polymer film is not particularly limited, but is usually 15 to 60 μm, and preferably 25 to 52 μm from the viewpoint of handling and cost.
本発明の菊の切り花の包装体の平均保存温度は、１０℃より高く３０℃以下がよい。１０℃以下では、開花抑制効果が不十分になる恐れがあり、３０℃を超えた温度では、切り花の腐敗などが早くなり、著しく保存が難しくなる可能性がある。好ましくは、１２℃以上、２８℃以下である。なお、この温度範囲で保存されるのであれば、恒温設備を有する場所で保存しなくても良いが、恒温設備を有する場所で保存しても良い。 The average storage temperature of the chrysanthemum cut flower package of the present invention is preferably higher than 10 ° C and not higher than 30 ° C. If it is 10 ° C. or less, the flowering suppression effect may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 30 ° C., the decay of cut flowers will be accelerated, and it may be extremely difficult to preserve. Preferably, they are 12 degreeC or more and 28 degrees C or less. In addition, as long as it preserve | saves in this temperature range, it is not necessary to preserve | save in the place which has a thermostat, but you may preserve | save in the place which has a thermostat.
なお、本発明は、菊の切り花の出荷を目的としたものであるが、当然のことながら、この条件内であれば数日程度の短期の保存も可能であり、保存期間や目的により何らの制約を受けるものではない。 The present invention is intended for the shipment of chrysanthemum cut flowers, but it should be understood that short-term storage of several days is possible within this condition, depending on the storage period and purpose. There are no restrictions.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法では、高分子フィルムよりなる鮮度保持用包装袋の酸素透過量は、２３℃において、菊の切り花１００ｇあたり２００〜４５００[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]である。該保存時の酸素透過量が上記範囲にあることで、優れた鮮度保持効果が得られ、開花の抑制、葉の黄化抑制等の効果が得られる。一方、該保存時の酸素透過量が少な過ぎると花弁の褐変、異臭の発生が多くなる。逆に酸素透過量が多すぎると、開花しやすくなったり、葉が黄化しやすくなったりする。
好ましくは、菊の切り花１００ｇあたりの酸素透過量は２００〜３０００[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]であり、更に好ましくは、菊の切り花１００ｇあたりの酸素透過量は２００〜１２００[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]である。
In the method for storing chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention, the oxygen permeation amount of the freshness-maintaining packaging bag made of a polymer film is 200 to 4500 [cc / (100 g · day · atm)] per 100 g of chrysanthemum cut flowers at 23 ° C. It is. When the oxygen permeation amount at the time of storage is in the above range, an excellent freshness maintaining effect is obtained, and effects such as suppression of flowering and suppression of leaf yellowing are obtained. On the other hand, if the amount of oxygen permeation during storage is too small, petal browning and off-flavor generation will increase. Conversely, if there is too much oxygen permeation, it will be easy to flower or the leaves will become yellow.
Preferably, the oxygen transmission amount per 100 g of chrysanthemum cut flowers is 200 to 3000 [cc / (100 g · day · atm)], and more preferably, the oxygen transmission amount per 100 g of chrysanthemum cut flowers is 200 to 1200 [cc / (100 g · day · atm)].
菊の切り花は、開花しやすく、葉が黄化しやすい。市場流通段階では、蕾が動き出す（花が開花し始める）と商品価値が著しく低下する。また、特に葬祭で用いるので、菊の切り花の鮮度保持においては、花弁の褐変が少ないこと、腐敗が少ないこと、カビの発生が少ないこと、葉の黄化が少ないことという外観などが特に重視される。 Chrysanthemum cut flowers are easy to blossom and the leaves tend to yellow. In the market distribution stage, the value of the product is significantly reduced when the buds start to move (flowers start to bloom). In addition, since it is used especially at funerals, the importance of maintaining the freshness of cut chrysanthemums is particularly important for the appearance of petals with less browning, less rot, less mold, and less yellowing of leaves. The
本発明において、該保存時の酸素透過量Ｐ[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]とは、２３℃における、包装される菊の切り花１００ｇ当りの、１日当りの、包装体の内と外との酸素圧力差１気圧当りの酸素透過量である。 In the present invention, the oxygen permeation amount P [cc / (100 g · day · atm)] during storage is the inside and outside of the package per day per 100 g of chrysanthemum cut flowers to be packaged at 23 ° C. Is the oxygen permeation amount per one atmospheric pressure difference.
２３℃における単位面積当りの酸素透過量がＦ[ｃｃ／（ｍ２・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]の高分子フィルムを用いて、菊の切り花を包装する場合、該保存時の酸素透過量Ｐ[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]は、２３℃における該高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量Ｆ[ｃｃ／（ｍ２・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]に、該高分子フィルムの有効表面積Ｓ（ｍ２）を乗じて得た値を、包装される菊の切り花の質量Ｗ（ｇ）で除し、１００を乗じた値である。例えば、２３℃における高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量がｆ[ｃｃ／（ｍ２・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]、高分子フィルムの有効表面積がｓ（ｍ２）、包装された菊の切り花の質量がｗ（ｇ）であった場合、保存時の酸素透過量Ｐは、
Ｐ＝ｆ×ｓ×（１００／ｗ）
となる。なお、該高分子フィルムの有効表面積とは、該高分子フィルムのうち、酸素透過に関与できる部分の表面積を指し、密封のために張り合わせられている部分のような、酸素透過に関与できない部分を除く表面積のことである。例えば、長方形の２枚の高分子フィルムを、４辺をヒートシールして密封して、該菊の切り花を包装する場合、密封後の包装袋の内側の表面積が、該高分子フィルムの有効表面積である。
When packaging chrysanthemum cut flowers using a polymer film having an oxygen transmission rate per unit area at 23 ° C. of F [cc / (m 2 · day · atm)], the oxygen transmission rate P [cc / (100 g · day · atm)] is the oxygen permeation amount F [cc / (m 2 · day · atm)] per unit area of the polymer film at 23 ° C., and the effective surface area S ( The value obtained by multiplying m 2 ) is divided by the mass W (g) of the chrysanthemum cut flowers to be wrapped, and multiplied by 100. For example, the oxygen permeation amount per unit area of the polymer film at 23 ° C. is f [cc / (m 2 · day · atm)], the effective surface area of the polymer film is s (m 2 ), and the packaged cut chrysanthemum flowers When the mass of is w (g), the oxygen permeation amount P during storage is
P = f × s × (100 / w)
It becomes. The effective surface area of the polymer film refers to the surface area of the part of the polymer film that can participate in oxygen permeation, and the part that cannot participate in oxygen permeation, such as the part that is bonded for sealing. It is the surface area to exclude. For example, in the case where two rectangular polymer films are sealed by heat-sealing four sides and the chrysanthemum cut flowers are packaged, the inner surface area of the sealed packaging bag is the effective surface area of the polymer film. It is.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法では、該高分子フィルムに平均孔径５〜１０００μｍ、好ましくは平均孔径２０〜４００μｍ、更に好ましくは、平均孔径２０〜１００μｍの微孔を開け、該微孔の大きさ及び数の選択により、該保存時の酸素透過量Ｐを前記範囲内に調整することができる。 In the method for storing chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention, micropores having an average pore size of 5 to 1000 μm, preferably an average pore size of 20 to 400 μm, more preferably an average pore size of 20 to 100 μm are formed in the polymer film, and the size of the micropores is determined. By selecting the thickness and number, the oxygen permeation amount P during storage can be adjusted within the above range.
該高分子フィルムを用いて作成した鮮度保持用包装袋の形状は、特に制限されない。 The shape of the packaging bag for maintaining freshness prepared using the polymer film is not particularly limited.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法では、該菊の切り花を、該高分子フィルムに入れ、密封するが、該高分子フィルムを密封する方法としては、ヒートシール、結束帯、輪ゴム、かしめ等、特に制限されない。この場合、菊の切り花を通気性のある容器に入れた状態で該高分子フィルムに入れても良い。また、本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法では、包装形態としては、袋詰めの形態だけではなく、例えば、トレイ容器にトップシールする形態であってもよく、あるいは、ダンボール箱と該高分子フィルムとを一体化させた形態であってもよい。 In the method of preserving chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention, the chrysanthemum cut flowers are put in the polymer film and sealed, and as a method of sealing the polymer film, heat sealing, banding band, rubber band, caulking, etc. There is no particular limitation. In this case, the chrysanthemum cut flowers may be put in the polymer film in a state of being placed in a breathable container. Further, in the method for preserving cut chrysanthemum flowers of the present invention, the packaging form is not limited to a bag-packed form, for example, a form that is top-sealed in a tray container, or a cardboard box and the polymer film May be integrated with each other.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法では、該菊の切り花を収穫後、該高分子フィルムで包装し、該菊の切り花が該高分子フィルムで包装された包装体を保存するが、その後、菊の切り花は出荷、運搬、店頭陳列される。本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法は、貯蔵庫などでの保存のみではなく、出荷、運搬等にも適用される。該高分子フィルムで包装後の平均保存温度は１０℃より高く３０℃以下である。出荷、運搬、店頭陳列でも上記の温度範囲内に置かれることが好ましいが、状況によっては難しい場合もあり、保存時の温度も含めて平均保存温度として１０℃より高く３０℃以下の範囲に置かれることが好ましい。つまり、本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法は、上記平均保存温度条件下における保存方法である。 In the method for preserving chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the present invention, the chrysanthemum cut flowers are harvested and then packaged with the polymer film, and the package in which the chrysanthemum cut flowers are packaged with the polymer film is preserved. Cut flowers are shipped, transported and displayed in stores. The method for preserving cut chrysanthemums according to the present invention is applied not only to storage in a storage room but also to shipping, transportation, and the like. The average storage temperature after packaging with the polymer film is higher than 10 ° C and lower than 30 ° C. Although it is preferable to be within the above temperature range for shipping, transportation, and store display, it may be difficult depending on the situation, and the average storage temperature including the temperature during storage is higher than 10 ° C and lower than 30 ° C. It is preferred that That is, the method for storing chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention is a storage method under the above average storage temperature conditions.
本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法は、次に述べる本発明の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋により、好適に行なわれる。 The method for preserving chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the present invention is suitably performed by the following packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the present invention.
本発明の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋は、高分子フィルムからなる菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋であって、
２３℃において、菊の切り花保存時の該鮮度保持用包装袋の酸素透過量Ｐが、２００〜４５００[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋である。好ましくは２００〜３０００[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]であり、更に好ましくは２００〜１２００[ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]である。
該菊の切り花の保存時の該鮮度保持用包装袋の酸素透過量Ｐが上記範囲にあることにより、鮮度保持効果が高くなる。特に、該菊の切り花保存時の該鮮度保持用包装袋の酸素透過量Ｐが上記範囲にあることにより、該菊の切り花の開花の進行が抑制され、葉の黄化が少なくなるなど外観の劣化が少なくなり、異臭の発生が少なくなる。
The packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention is a packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers made of a polymer film,
At 23 ° C., the freshness-keeping packaging bag P at the time of preservation of cut chrysanthemum has an oxygen permeation amount P of 200 to 4500 [cc / (100 g · day · atm)]. Preferably, it is 200 to 3000 [cc / (100 g · day · atm)], and more preferably 200 to 1200 [cc / (100 g · day · atm)].
When the oxygen permeation amount P of the freshness-keeping packaging bag during storage of the chrysanthemum cut flowers is within the above range, the freshness-keeping effect is enhanced. In particular, when the oxygen permeation amount P of the freshness-keeping packaging bag during storage of the cut chrysanthemum flowers is within the above range, the progress of flowering of the chrysanthemum cut flowers is suppressed, and yellowing of the leaves is reduced. Deterioration is reduced and generation of off-flavors is reduced.
本発明の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋に係る該菊の切り花は、本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法に係る該菊の切り花と同様である。菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋は、菊の切り花を包装した後、平均保存温度として１０℃より高く３０℃以下の範囲で保存される菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋である。 The chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the present invention are the same as the cut chrysanthemum flowers according to the preservation method of chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the present invention. The packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers is a packaging bag for keeping freshness of cut chrysanthemum flowers, which is stored in the range of higher than 10 ° C. and not higher than 30 ° C. as an average storage temperature after packaging the cut flowers of chrysanthemum.
本発明の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋に係る該高分子フィルムの材質は、本発明の菊の切り花の保存方法に係る該高分子フィルムの材質と同様である。 The material of the polymer film according to the packaging bag for keeping freshness of chrysanthemum flowers according to the present invention is the same as the material of the polymer film according to the preservation method of chrysanthemum flowers according to the present invention.
該高分子フィルムの厚さは、特に制限されないが、通常、１５〜６０μｍであり、取り扱い及びコストの観点から、２５〜５２μｍが好ましい。 The thickness of the polymer film is not particularly limited, but is usually 15 to 60 μm, and preferably 25 to 52 μm from the viewpoint of handling and cost.
該鮮度保持用包装袋は、該菊の切り花保存時の該鮮度保持用包装袋の酸素透過量Ｐ、又は該高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量Ｆを調節するために、微孔を有してもよく、この場合、該微孔の平均孔径は、５〜１０００μｍ、好ましくは２０〜４００μｍであり、更に好ましくは２０〜１００μｍである。 The freshness-keeping packaging bag has micropores in order to adjust the oxygen permeation amount P of the freshness-keeping packaging bag during storage of the chrysanthemum cut flowers or the oxygen permeation amount F per unit area of the polymer film. In this case, the average pore diameter of the micropores is 5 to 1000 μm, preferably 20 to 400 μm, and more preferably 20 to 100 μm.
該微孔の開孔面積は、菊の切り花１００ｇあたり１×１０−３ｍｍ２／１００ｇより大きく３×１０−１ｍｍ２／１００ｇ以下であり、好ましくは１×１０−３ｍｍ２／１００ｇより大きく７×１０−２ｍｍ２／１００ｇ以下、更に好ましくは１×１０−３ｍｍ２／１００ｇより大きく３×１０−２ｍｍ２／１００ｇ以下である。なお、菊の切り花１００ｇあたりの該微孔の開孔面積とは、該鮮度保持用包装袋で包装した菊の切り花の質量Ｗ（ｇ）で、該高分子フィルムの有効表面積にあけた該微孔の総面積（ｍｍ２）を除して１００を積算した値である（｛微孔の総面積／包装した菊の切り花の質量｝×１００）。 Opening area of the fine pores is at 3 × 10 -1 mm 2 / 100g or less larger than the cut flowers 100g per 1 × 10 -3 mm 2 / 100g chrysanthemum, more preferably 1 × 10 -3 mm 2 / 100g large 7 × 10 -2 mm 2 / 100g or less, more preferably not more than 1 × 10 -3 mm 2 / greater than 100g 3 × 10 -2 mm 2 / 100g. The opening area of the micropores per 100 g of chrysanthemum cut flowers is the mass W (g) of chrysanthemum cut flowers packed in the freshness-keeping packaging bag, and the fine holes opened in the effective surface area of the polymer film. It is a value obtained by dividing 100 by dividing the total area (mm 2 ) of holes ({total area of micropores / mass of wrapped chrysanthemum cut flowers} × 100).
本発明の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋が、１０〜１００本（５００〜１２０００ｇ）の菊の切り花包装用の鮮度保持用包装袋である場合、すなわち、本発明の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋が、１袋当りに１０〜１００本の該菊の切り花を詰めて包装する際の包装袋として用いられる場合、２３℃における該高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量Ｆは、１０００〜１３００００[ｃｃ／（ｍ２・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]、好ましくは１３００〜７００００[ｃｃ／（ｍ２・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]であり、該高分子フィルムの有効表面積は、０．４〜２．１ｍ２、好ましくは０．６〜２．０ｍ２である。本発明の菊の切り花の鮮度保持用包装袋を、１０〜１００本の菊の切り花の包装用の鮮度保持用包装袋として用いる場合、該高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量Ｆ及び有効表面積を上記範囲内とすることにより、該菊の切り花保存時の該鮮度保持用包装袋の酸素透過量Ｐを上記範囲内にできるので、鮮度保持効果が高くなる。 When the packaging bag for maintaining freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention is a packaging bag for maintaining freshness for packaging 10 to 100 (500 to 12000 g) chrysanthemum cut flowers, that is, maintaining the freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers of the present invention. When the packaging bag for use is used as a packaging bag for packing 10 to 100 chrysanthemum cut flowers per bag, the oxygen permeation amount F per unit area of the polymer film at 23 ° C. is: 1000 to 130,000 [cc / (m 2 · day · atm)], preferably 1300 to 70000 [cc / (m 2 · day · atm)], and the effective surface area of the polymer film is 0.4 to 2 0.1 m 2 , preferably 0.6 to 2.0 m 2 . When the packaging bag for maintaining freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers according to the present invention is used as a packaging bag for maintaining freshness for packaging 10 to 100 chrysanthemum cut flowers, the oxygen permeation amount F per unit area of the polymer film and effective By setting the surface area within the above range, the oxygen permeation amount P of the freshness-keeping packaging bag at the time of storing the chrysanthemum cut flowers can be within the above range, so that the freshness holding effect is enhanced.
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、これは単に例示であって、本発明を制限するものではない。 EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated more concretely, this is only an illustration and does not restrict | limit this invention.
（実施例１〜１１、比較例１〜３）
表１に示す厚みと素材の高分子フィルム（ＯＰＰ：延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム）の３辺をヒートシールして、表１に示した大きさの方形の包装袋を作製し、表１に示す微細孔を開けた。次いで、該包装袋に、菊の切り花（開花度１で収穫、品種は、神馬）を表１に記載した量の通り詰め、袋開口部をシール巾１０ｍｍでヒートシールして密封し、菊の切り花が包装された包装体を得た。このとき、該高分子フィルムの有効表面積Ｓは、ヒートシール部を除いた該包装体の内側の表面積であり、保存時の酸素透過量Ｐは、表１に示す値となる。なお、該保存時の酸素透過量Ｐは、以下の式で求められる。
Ｐ＝Ｆ×Ｓ×（１００／Ｗ）
Ｐ：包装した菊の切り花１００ｇあたりの包装袋の酸素透過量
[（ｃｃ／（１００ｇ・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ））（２３℃）
Ｆ：２３℃における高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量[ｃｃ／（ｍ２・ｄａｙ
・ａｔｍ）]
Ｓ：高分子フィルムの有効表面積（ｍ２）
Ｗ：包装体に詰められている菊の切り花の質量（ｇ）
である。
(Examples 1-11, Comparative Examples 1-3)
Three sides of the polymer film (OPP: stretched polypropylene film) of the thickness and material shown in Table 1 are heat-sealed to produce a rectangular packaging bag having the size shown in Table 1, and the micropores shown in Table 1 are formed. I opened it. Next, the chrysanthemum cut flowers (harvested at a flowering degree of 1 and the variety is Shinma) were packed in the packaging bag as shown in Table 1, and the bag opening was heat-sealed and sealed with a seal width of 10 mm. A package with cut flowers was obtained. At this time, the effective surface area S of the polymer film is the inner surface area of the package excluding the heat seal portion, and the oxygen permeation amount P during storage is a value shown in Table 1. The oxygen permeation amount P at the time of storage is determined by the following formula.
P = F × S × (100 / W)
P: Oxygen permeation amount of packaging bag per 100 g of packed chrysanthemum cut flowers
[(Cc / (100 g · day · atm)) (23 ° C.)
F: Oxygen permeation amount per unit area of polymer film at 23 ° C. [cc / (m 2 · day
・ Atm)]
S: Effective surface area of polymer film (m 2 )
W: Mass of chrysanthemum cut flowers packed in the package (g)
It is.
次いで、該包装体を、表１に示した温度で所定の日数保存した。各保存日数毎の菊の切り花の品質評価等の結果を表２に示す。なお、該品質評価では、各保存日数毎に２個の包装体を用意した。 Next, the package was stored at the temperature shown in Table 1 for a predetermined number of days. Table 2 shows the results of quality evaluation of chrysanthemum cut flowers for each storage period. In the quality evaluation, two packages were prepared for each storage day.
＜高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量Ｆの測定＞
（１）包装袋の準備
表１に示す開孔面積比率の高分子フィルムで、４辺がヒートシールで密封された方形の包装袋を作成する。このとき、ヒートシール後の包装袋の内側の表面積が、高分子フィルムの有効表面積Ｓ（ｍ２）であり、Ｓが０．０６ｍ２以上となるように包装袋を作成する。なお、以下全ての作業は、大気のガス雰囲気（２３℃）中で行う。
<Measurement of oxygen permeation amount F per unit area of polymer film>
(1) Preparation of packaging bag A rectangular packaging bag having four sides sealed by heat sealing with a polymer film having a hole area ratio shown in Table 1 is prepared. At this time, the packaging bag is prepared so that the inner surface area of the packaging bag after heat sealing is the effective surface area S (m 2 ) of the polymer film, and S is 0.06 m 2 or more. All the following operations are performed in an atmospheric gas atmosphere (23 ° C.).
（２）窒素ガスの封入
ヒートシールで包装袋を密封した後、アスピレーターを用いて包装袋を脱気する。脱気は、包装袋の両面が貼りつくまで行う。次に、この包装袋に白硬注射筒を用いて窒素ガス（純窒素ガス）を充填する。窒素ガスの充填量は、袋サイズによるが、包装フィルムにテンションがかからない範囲で極力多く入れ、注射筒の目盛りを用いて、窒素ガスの注入量を測定する。なお、注射針を包装袋に突き刺して、ガスの出し入れを行う。針を刺す際は、高分子フィルムに両面テープを貼り、この上からポリプロピレンフィルム製の粘着テープ（以下「ＰＰテープ」という）を貼り付ける。また、針を抜いた後は、速やかにＰＰテープで針穴を塞ぐ。包装袋に貼るテープは、４．５ｃｍ２以下の面積に収まるようにする。また、ＰＰテープにより微孔を塞がないように注意する。
(2) Enclosing nitrogen gas After sealing the packaging bag with heat sealing, the packaging bag is deaerated using an aspirator. Deaerate until both sides of the packaging bag are stuck. Next, this packaging bag is filled with nitrogen gas (pure nitrogen gas) using a white hard syringe. The filling amount of nitrogen gas depends on the bag size, but as much as possible is put in a range where tension is not applied to the packaging film, and the injection amount of nitrogen gas is measured using the scale of the syringe barrel. In addition, the injection needle is inserted into the packaging bag and the gas is taken in and out. When piercing the needle, a double-sided tape is attached to the polymer film, and an adhesive tape made of polypropylene film (hereinafter referred to as “PP tape”) is attached thereon. Moreover, after removing the needle, the needle hole is immediately closed with PP tape. The tape to be attached to the packaging bag should be within an area of 4.5 cm 2 or less. Be careful not to block the micropores with PP tape.
（３）初期酸素濃度の測定
窒素ガス充填直後に、ガスクロマトグラフィー（ＴＣＤ）で測定して、包装袋内の酸素量を求め、酸素濃度Ｃ０（体積％）を算出した。このとき、Ｃ０が０．２体積％超えている場合は、上記（１）及び（２）作業をやり直す。なお、酸素濃度測定用のサンプリングガス量は、１０ｃｃ以下とする。ガスクロマトグラフィーには、１ｃｃ程度を注入する。
(3) Measurement of initial oxygen concentration Immediately after nitrogen gas filling, it measured by gas chromatography (TCD), the amount of oxygen in a packaging bag was calculated | required, and oxygen concentration C0 (volume%) was computed. In this case, if C 0 is greater than 0.2 vol%, the (1) and (2) repeat the operations. The sampling gas amount for measuring the oxygen concentration is 10 cc or less. About 1 cc is injected into the gas chromatography.
（４）包装袋の保存
初期酸素濃度を測定した包装袋を、２３℃のインキュベーター中で保存する。このとき、袋の上に物が載ったり、インキュベーターのファンの風が直撃したりしないように静置する。
(4) Storage of packaging bag The packaging bag whose initial oxygen concentration was measured is stored in an incubator at 23 ° C. At this time, it is left to stand so that no objects are placed on the bag or the wind of the incubator fan is hit directly.
（５）保存中の包装袋内の酸素濃度の測定及び酸素透過量の計算
少なくとも２点以上経時時間を代えて、包装袋内のガスをサンプリングし、包装袋内の酸素濃度を測定する。このとき、経時時間は、窒素ガス充填直後から３時間以上経過後であり、且つ、包装袋内の酸素濃度が１％以上７％以下の範囲内でなれければならない。そして、経時時間ｔ（時間）と包装袋内の酸素濃度との間に比例関係(相関係数が０．９８以上)が成り立つ必要がある。もし、包装袋内の酸素濃度が１％以上７％以下の範囲内からはずれていた場合、あるいは、比例関係が成り立たない場合は再試験を行う。なお、高分子フィルムの酸素透過量が大きすぎて包装袋内の酸素濃度の上昇が速すぎ、この条件をクリアできない場合は、高分子フィルムの一部を酸素透過量が小さい既知である同じ材質のフィルムと張り合わせて袋を作成して同様に行えばよい。この際、袋の表面積は既知である別のフィルムと張り合わせた部分は除く。
(5) Measurement of oxygen concentration in packaging bag and calculation of oxygen permeation amount during storage At least two points or more, changing the elapsed time, sampling the gas in the packaging bag, and measuring the oxygen concentration in the packaging bag. At this time, the elapsed time must be 3 hours or more immediately after nitrogen gas filling, and the oxygen concentration in the packaging bag must be in the range of 1% to 7%. A proportional relationship (correlation coefficient of 0.98 or more) needs to be established between the elapsed time t (time) and the oxygen concentration in the packaging bag. If the oxygen concentration in the packaging bag deviates from the range of 1% or more and 7% or less, or if the proportional relationship does not hold, retest. If the oxygen transmission amount of the polymer film is too large and the oxygen concentration in the packaging bag rises too quickly, and this condition cannot be cleared, a part of the polymer film is the same known material with a small oxygen transmission amount The bag may be made in the same manner by pasting it with the film. At this time, the surface area of the bag is excluded from the part pasted with another known film.
次いで、高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量Ｆを、下記式により計算する。
Ｆ＝｛１．１４３×（Ｃｔ−Ｃ０）×Ｖ｝／（ｔ×Ｓ）
Ｆ ： ２３℃における単位面積当りの酸素透過量[（ｃｃ／（ｍ２・ｄａｙ・ａｔｍ）]
Ｃｔ ： 窒素ガス充填時から経時時間ｔ時間後の包装袋内の酸素濃度（体積％）１）
Ｃ０ ： 窒素ガス充填直後の包装袋内の酸素濃度（体積％）
Ｖ ： 充填した窒素ガスの量（ｃｃ）
ｔ ： 窒素ガス充填直後からの経過時間（時間）１）
Ｓ ： 包装袋の内側の表面積（高分子フィルムの有効表面積）（ｍ２）
１）Ｃｔ及びｔとしては、最も長い経時時間の値を用いて計算する。
Next, the oxygen permeation amount F per unit area of the polymer film is calculated by the following formula.
F = {1.143 × (C t −C 0 ) × V} / (t × S)
F: Oxygen permeation amount per unit area at 23 ° C. [(cc / (m 2 · day · atm)]
C t : Oxygen concentration (volume%) in the packaging bag after time t from the time of filling with nitrogen gas 1)
C 0 : oxygen concentration (volume%) in the packaging bag immediately after nitrogen gas filling
V: Amount of nitrogen gas charged (cc)
t: Elapsed time immediately after nitrogen gas filling (hours) 1)
S: Surface area inside packaging bag (effective surface area of polymer film) (m 2 )
1) Ct and t are calculated using the longest elapsed time value.
なお、高分子フィルムの一部を酸素透過量が小さい既知である同じ材質のフィルムと張り合わせて袋を作成した場合は、上記測定により得られる単位面積当りの酸素透過量から、該既知のフィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量を減じた値が、対象となる高分子フィルムの単位面積当りの酸素透過量である。 In addition, when a bag is made by pasting a part of a polymer film with a film of the same material that has a small oxygen permeation amount, the oxygen permeation amount per unit area obtained by the above measurement is used. A value obtained by subtracting the oxygen permeation amount per unit area is the oxygen permeation amount per unit area of the target polymer film.
＜花の開花度＞
保存日数の間保存した後包装袋を開封して菊の切り花を取り出し評価を行った結果を表２に示す。
花の蕾は、次に記載した開花度（下記の数値）の基準に準じて保存後の評価を行った。
１：蕾（花弁が丸まった状態）
３：外側の花弁が数枚広がった状態
５：外側の花弁全体が広がった状態（中心部の花弁は、閉じている）
７：中心部の花弁も広がり始めた状態（７以上は、全て７と記載）
花の直径（ｍｍ）は、保存前と保存後に測定し、その比（保存後の直径／保存前の直径）を表２に示す。
なお、試験を開始する前の菊の切り花（蕾）の直径は１４〜１７ｍｍであり、これらの切り花（蕾）は開花度１の菊であり、開花度１の菊を用いて試験を行った。
<Flower bloom>
Table 2 shows the results obtained by opening the packaging bag after storage for the number of storage days, taking out the chrysanthemum cut flowers, and performing the evaluation.
The flower buds were evaluated after storage according to the criteria for flowering degree (the following numerical values) described below.
1: Amber (with petals curled up)
3: A state in which several outer petals have spread 5: A state in which the entire outer petals have spread (the central petal is closed)
7: The state where the petals in the center have begun to spread (7 and above are all described as 7)
The diameter (mm) of the flower was measured before and after storage, and the ratio (diameter after storage / diameter before storage) is shown in Table 2.
In addition, the diameter of the chrysanthemum cut flowers (蕾) before starting the test is 14 to 17 mm, and these cut flowers (蕾) are chrysanthemums having a flowering degree of 1, and the test was conducted using chrysanthemums having a flowering degree of 1. .
＜官能評価＞
表１に記載の保存日数の間保存した後包装袋を開封して菊の切り花を取り出し外観と臭気の評価を行い、その結果を表２に示す。葉の黄化、花弁の褐変、しおれ、カビ、腐敗、臭気について、官能評価により、４段階（４：良好、３：普通、２：やや劣る、１：劣る）の点数を付けた。なお、官能試験では、３点以上の点数であれば、鮮度保持効果は良好である。
<Sensory evaluation>
After storing for the storage days shown in Table 1, the packaging bag is opened, the chrysanthemum cut flowers are taken out, the appearance and odor are evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 2. Leaf yellowing, petal browning, wilting, mold, rot, and odor were scored in four stages (4: good, 3: normal, 2: slightly inferior, 1: inferior) by sensory evaluation. In the sensory test, if the score is 3 or more, the freshness maintaining effect is good.
Claims (3)
A method for preserving and maintaining the freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers, wherein the chrysanthemum cut flowers are preserved using the packaging bag for maintaining freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers according to claim 1 or 2 .
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| JPH0630695A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-02-08 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corp | Freshness retaining film |
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| JP3573544B2 (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 2004-10-06 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | How to store chrysanthemum |
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