JP5310804B2 - Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP5310804B2
JP5310804B2 JP2011168625A JP2011168625A JP5310804B2 JP 5310804 B2 JP5310804 B2 JP 5310804B2 JP 2011168625 A JP2011168625 A JP 2011168625A JP 2011168625 A JP2011168625 A JP 2011168625A JP 5310804 B2 JP5310804 B2 JP 5310804B2
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ammonia
derived compound
urea water
compound solution
supply valve
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JP2011214580A (en
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和浩 伊藤
富久 小田
丈和 伊藤
豊 田内
俊祐 利岡
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Description

本発明は内燃機関の排気浄化装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine.

NOx浄化用尿素水を排気ガス中に供給するために機関排気通路内に配置された尿素水供給弁と、尿素水供給弁から供給すべき尿素水を貯留している尿素水タンクとを具備しており、尿素水タンク内に機関冷却水を用いた熱交換装置を配置し、この熱交換装置によって尿素水タンク内の尿素水を尿素水の凍結温度以上であってアンモニアの発生温度以下に制御するようにした内燃機関が公知である(例えば特許文献1を参照)。 Comprising: a urea water supply valve disposed in the engine exhaust passage for supplying the NO x purification for urea water in the exhaust gas, the urea water tank that stores the urea water to be supplied from the urea water supply valve A heat exchange device using engine cooling water is arranged in the urea water tank, and the urea water in the urea water tank is made to be above the freezing temperature of urea water and below the generation temperature of ammonia by this heat exchange device. An internal combustion engine that is controlled is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開2005−90431号公報JP-A-2005-90431

しかしながら尿素水供給弁を機関排気通路内に配置した場合には、尿素水供給弁の温度は排気ガス温や外気温によって低温から高温まで大きく変化し、その結果尿素水供給弁に送り込まれた尿素水の温度も大きく変化することになる。これは、上述の内燃機関におけるように尿素水タンク内の尿素水の温度を最適な温度に制御するようにした場合でも同様である。従って上述の内燃機関においても尿素水供給弁に送り込まれた尿素水の温度は大きく変化することになり、その結果尿素水の大きな温度変化に基づく種々の不具合が発生するという問題がある。   However, when the urea water supply valve is arranged in the engine exhaust passage, the temperature of the urea water supply valve varies greatly from low temperature to high temperature depending on the exhaust gas temperature and the outside air temperature, and as a result, the urea fed into the urea water supply valve The temperature of the water will also change greatly. This is the same even when the temperature of the urea water in the urea water tank is controlled to the optimum temperature as in the above-described internal combustion engine. Therefore, even in the above-described internal combustion engine, the temperature of the urea water sent to the urea water supply valve changes greatly, and as a result, there is a problem that various problems occur due to the large temperature change of the urea water.

上記問題を解決するために本発明によれば、NOx浄化用アンモニア由来化合物溶液を排気ガス中に供給するために機関排気通路内に配置されたアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁と、アンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁から供給すべきアンモニア由来化合物溶液を貯留しているアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクとを具備した内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、アンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁とアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクとを連結するアンモニア由来化合物溶液流通管がアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁からアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクに余剰のアンモニア由来化合物溶液を返戻するためのアンモニア由来化合物溶液返戻管とアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクからアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁にアンモニア由来化合物溶液を供給するためのアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給管からなり、アンモニア由来化合物溶液返戻管とアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給管夫々冷却装置を設けている。 According to the present invention in order to solve the above problems, NO x and purifying ammonia derived compound solution ammonia derived compound disposed engine exhaust passage for supplying the exhaust gas solution supply valve, ammonia-derived compound solution In an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine having an ammonia-derived compound solution tank storing an ammonia-derived compound solution to be supplied from a supply valve, the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve is connected to the ammonia-derived compound solution tank. Ammonia-derived compound solution return pipe for returning the surplus ammonia-derived compound solution from the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve to the ammonia-derived compound solution tank and ammonia from the ammonia-derived compound solution tank to the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve Supply derived compound solution It consists of ammonia derived compound solution supply pipe because, are provided respectively cooling device to the ammonia-derived compound solution-return pipe and ammonia-derived compound solution supply pipe.

アンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁からアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクに余剰のアンモニア由来化合物溶液を返戻するためのアンモニア由来化合物溶液返戻管にアンモニア由来化合物溶液の冷却装置を設けることによってアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクに送り込まれたアンモニア由来化合物溶液の温度を調整することができ、それによってアンモニア由来化合物溶液の大きな温度変化に基づく不具合の発生を抑制することができる。   The ammonia-derived compound solution tank is fed into the ammonia-derived compound solution tank by providing a cooling device for the ammonia-derived compound solution in the ammonia-derived compound solution return pipe for returning the surplus ammonia-derived compound solution to the ammonia-derived compound solution tank from the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve. In addition, the temperature of the ammonia-derived compound solution can be adjusted, and thereby the occurrence of problems due to a large temperature change of the ammonia-derived compound solution can be suppressed.

圧縮着火式内燃機関の全体図である。1 is an overall view of a compression ignition type internal combustion engine. 圧縮着火式内燃機関の別の実施例を示す全体図である。It is a general view which shows another Example of a compression ignition type internal combustion engine. 圧縮着火式内燃機関の更に別の実施例を示す全体図である。It is a general view which shows another Example of a compression ignition type internal combustion engine.

図1に圧縮着火式内燃機関の全体図を示す。
図1を参照すると、1は機関本体、2は機関から排出される排気ガスによって駆動される排気ターボチャージャ、3は排気ターボチャージャ2の排気タービンを夫々示している。
FIG. 1 shows an overall view of a compression ignition type internal combustion engine.
Referring to FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine body, 2 denotes an exhaust turbocharger driven by exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and 3 denotes an exhaust turbine of the exhaust turbocharger 2.

図1に示されるように排気タービン3の出口は排気管4を介して酸化触媒5の入口に連結される。この酸化触媒5の下流には酸化触媒5に隣接して排気ガス中に含まれる粒子状物質を捕集するためのパティキュレートフィルタ6が配置され、このパティキュレートフィルタ6の出口は排気管7を介してNOx選択還元触媒8の入口に連結される。このNOx選択還元触媒8の出口には酸化触媒9が連結される。 As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet of the exhaust turbine 3 is connected to the inlet of the oxidation catalyst 5 via the exhaust pipe 4. Downstream of the oxidation catalyst 5, a particulate filter 6 for collecting particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas is disposed adjacent to the oxidation catalyst 5, and the outlet of the particulate filter 6 is connected to the exhaust pipe 7. To the inlet of the NO x selective reduction catalyst 8. An oxidation catalyst 9 is connected to the outlet of the NO x selective reduction catalyst 8.

排気管7内にはNOx浄化用のアンモニア由来化合物溶液、例えば尿素水を排気ガス内に供給するための尿素水供給弁10が配置されており、この尿素水供給弁10は尿素水流通管11を介して尿素水を貯留している尿素水タンク12に連結されている。この尿素水流通管11には尿素水の温度を調整するための温度調整装置13が設けられている。 Ammonia-derived compound solution for the NO x purification in the exhaust pipe 7, for example, is arranged urea water supply valve 10 for supplying urea water into the exhaust gas, the urea water supply valve 10 urea water distribution pipe 11 is connected to a urea water tank 12 storing urea water. The urea water flow pipe 11 is provided with a temperature adjusting device 13 for adjusting the temperature of the urea water.

尿素水タンク12内には貯留されている尿素水が凍結するのを防止するために加熱装置14が配置されており、尿素水タンク12内に貯留されている尿素水はこの加熱装置14によって尿素水の凍結温度以上に維持されている。尿素水タンク12内に貯蔵されている尿素水は尿素水供給弁10から排気管7内を流れる排気ガス中に噴射され、尿素から発生したアンモニア((NH22CO+H2O→2NH3+CO2)によって排気ガス中に含まれるNOxがNOx選択還元触媒8において還元される。 A heating device 14 is disposed in the urea water tank 12 in order to prevent the urea water stored therein from freezing, and the urea water stored in the urea water tank 12 is converted into urea by the heating device 14. Maintained above the freezing temperature of water. The urea water stored in the urea water tank 12 is injected into the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 7 from the urea water supply valve 10 and ammonia generated from urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO + H 2 O → 2NH 3 + CO 2 ), the NO x contained in the exhaust gas is reduced in the NO x selective reduction catalyst 8.

さて、図1に示される実施例では尿素水流通管11が尿素水タンク12から尿素水供給弁10に尿素水を供給するための尿素水供給管からなり、温度調整装置13が冷却装置から構成されている。なお、図1に示される実施例ではこの冷却装置13は例えば車両の床下に配置されかつ走行風によって冷却される尿素水供給管11の一部から形成されている。   In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the urea water circulation pipe 11 is constituted by a urea water supply pipe for supplying urea water from the urea water tank 12 to the urea water supply valve 10, and the temperature adjusting device 13 is constituted by a cooling device. Has been. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cooling device 13 is formed, for example, from a part of the urea water supply pipe 11 that is disposed under the floor of the vehicle and is cooled by traveling wind.

前述したように尿素水供給弁10の温度は排気ガス温や外気温によって低温から高温まで大きく変化し、その結果尿素水供給弁10に送り込まれた尿素水の温度も大きく変化する。この場合、尿素水供給弁10は特に排気ガス温の影響を強く受けるので排気ガス温が高くなると尿素水の温度も高くなる。   As described above, the temperature of the urea water supply valve 10 changes greatly from a low temperature to a high temperature depending on the exhaust gas temperature and the outside air temperature. As a result, the temperature of the urea water sent to the urea water supply valve 10 also changes greatly. In this case, since the urea water supply valve 10 is particularly strongly influenced by the exhaust gas temperature, the temperature of the urea water increases as the exhaust gas temperature increases.

尿素水の温度が高くなると尿素水中の尿素が形態変化を生じて変質し、その結果尿素水供給弁が目詰まりするという問題を生ずる。また、尿素水の温度が高くなると尿素水からアンモニアが発生する。その結果、一方では尿素水中のアンモニア濃度が低下してNOx浄化率が低下するという問題を生じ、他方では発生したアンモニアが尿素水タンク内に充満し、この充満したアンモニアが尿素水の補給時に外気中に放出されるという問題を生じる。 When the temperature of the urea water rises, the urea in the urea water undergoes a shape change and changes its quality, resulting in a problem that the urea water supply valve is clogged. Further, when the temperature of the urea water becomes high, ammonia is generated from the urea water. As a result, the ammonia concentration in the urea water decreases and the NO x purification rate decreases. This causes a problem of being released into the outside air.

図1に示される実施例では尿素水供給弁10に送り込まれた尿素水が高温になり、その結果、上述の如き問題が生じるのを抑制するために冷却装置13によって尿素水供給弁10に送り込まれる尿素水を冷却するようにしている。このように尿素水供給弁10に送り込まれる尿素水を冷却するとたとえ尿素水供給弁10において尿素水の温度が上昇せしめられたとしても尿素水の温度はさほど高温にはならず、斯くして上述の如き問題が生じるのが抑制されることになる。   In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the urea water sent to the urea water supply valve 10 becomes high temperature, and as a result, the cooling device 13 sends the urea water to the urea water supply valve 10 in order to suppress the occurrence of the above problems. The urea water is cooled down. Thus, when the urea water sent to the urea water supply valve 10 is cooled, even if the temperature of the urea water is raised in the urea water supply valve 10, the temperature of the urea water does not become so high. Such a problem is suppressed from occurring.

図2に別の実施例を示す。この実施例では尿素水流通管11が尿素水タンク12から尿素水供給弁10に尿素水を供給するための尿素水供給管11aと、尿素水供給弁10から尿素水タンク12に余剰の尿素水を返戻するための尿素水返戻管11bからなり、温度調整装置13が尿素水返戻管11bに配置された冷却装置から構成されている。この実施例でも冷却装置13は例えば車両の床下に配置されかつ走行風によって冷却される尿素水返戻管11bの一部から形成されている。   FIG. 2 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the urea water distribution pipe 11 supplies urea water from the urea water tank 12 to the urea water supply valve 10, and excess urea water from the urea water supply valve 10 to the urea water tank 12. The temperature adjusting device 13 is composed of a cooling device disposed in the urea water return pipe 11b. Also in this embodiment, the cooling device 13 is formed, for example, from a part of the urea water return pipe 11b that is disposed under the floor of the vehicle and cooled by the traveling wind.

この実施例では高温の尿素水を冷却装置13により冷却することによって高温の尿素水が尿素水タンク12内に返戻されるのが阻止される。その結果、尿素水からアンモニアが発生するのが抑制され、斯くしてNOx浄化率が低下するのを抑制することができると共に尿素水の補給時にアンモニアが外気中に放出するのを抑制することができる。なお、この実施例において冷却装置13を更に尿素水供給管11aにも設けることができる。 In this embodiment, the high temperature urea water is cooled by the cooling device 13 to prevent the high temperature urea water from being returned to the urea water tank 12. As a result, it is suppressed to ammonia generated from the urea water, the ammonia during replenishment of the urea water with the NO x purification rate can be prevented from being lowered is prevented from releasing to the outside air and thus Can do. In this embodiment, the cooling device 13 can be further provided in the urea water supply pipe 11a.

図3に更に別の実施例を示す。この実施例では尿素水流通管11が尿素水タンク12から尿素水供給弁10に尿素水を供給するための尿素水供給管からなり、温度調整装置13は加熱作用および冷却作用のいずれの作用も行うように構成されている。この温度調整装置13では例えばペルチェ素子を用いて尿素水の加熱作用および冷却作用が行われる。この実施例では冷却作用に加えて加熱作用も行うことができるので例えば寒冷地において尿素水供給弁10に送り込まれた尿素水が凍結するのを阻止することもできる。   FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment. In this embodiment, the urea water circulation pipe 11 is composed of a urea water supply pipe for supplying urea water from the urea water tank 12 to the urea water supply valve 10, and the temperature adjusting device 13 performs both the heating action and the cooling action. Configured to do. In the temperature adjusting device 13, for example, a Peltier element is used to perform heating and cooling operations of urea water. In this embodiment, since the heating operation can be performed in addition to the cooling operation, it is possible to prevent the urea water sent to the urea water supply valve 10 from being frozen in a cold region, for example.

2 排気ターボチャージャ
5,9 酸化触媒
6 パティキュレートフィルタ
8 NOx選択還元触媒
10 尿素水供給弁
11 尿素水流通管
12 尿素水タンク
13 温度調整装置
2 Exhaust turbocharger 5,9 Oxidation catalyst 6 Particulate filter 8 NO x selective reduction catalyst 10 Urea water supply valve 11 Urea water flow pipe 12 Urea water tank 13 Temperature control device

Claims (1)

NOx浄化用アンモニア由来化合物溶液を排気ガス中に供給するために機関排気通路内に配置されたアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁と、アンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁から供給すべきアンモニア由来化合物溶液を貯留しているアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクとを具備した内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、アンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁とアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクとを連結するアンモニア由来化合物溶液流通管がアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁からアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクに余剰のアンモニア由来化合物溶液を返戻するためのアンモニア由来化合物溶液返戻管とアンモニア由来化合物溶液タンクからアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給弁にアンモニア由来化合物溶液を供給するためのアンモニア由来化合物溶液供給管からなり、該アンモニア由来化合物溶液返戻管と該アンモニア由来化合物溶液供給管夫々冷却装置を設けた内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 And engine exhaust ammonia derived compound disposed within the passageway solution supply valve, ammonia-derived compound solution to be supplied from the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve was stored in order to supply the NO x purification for ammonia-derived compound solution into the exhaust gas In the exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine having an ammonia-derived compound solution tank, an ammonia-derived compound solution flow pipe connecting the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve and the ammonia-derived compound solution tank is connected to the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve by ammonia. Ammonia-derived compound solution supply pipe for supplying the ammonia-derived compound solution supply pipe from the ammonia-derived compound solution return pipe to the ammonia-derived compound solution supply valve to return the surplus ammonia-derived compound solution to the derived compound solution tank tube Rannahli An exhaust purification device of an internal combustion engine provided with a respective cooling device to the ammonia-derived compound solution-return pipe and the ammonia-derived compound solution supply pipe.
JP2011168625A 2011-08-01 2011-08-01 Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related JP5310804B2 (en)

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JP5834773B2 (en) * 2011-10-28 2015-12-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine
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JP5799001B2 (en) 2012-10-25 2015-10-21 株式会社小松製作所 Cooling structure for urea aqueous solution piping
KR101592701B1 (en) 2014-06-03 2016-02-15 현대자동차주식회사 Device and method for heating urea of SCR system
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