JP5310035B2 - Gas shut-off device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ガス遮断装置に関し、特に器具自体の流量制御により使用流量が変化した場合でも使用時間制限機能による誤遮断を防止するガス遮断装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a gas shut-off device, and more particularly to a gas shut-off device that prevents erroneous shut-off due to a use time limiting function even when the use flow rate is changed by flow control of the instrument itself.
従来、この種のガス遮断装置としては、通過ガス量に対応した流量信号を出力する流量測定手段と、流量信号が増減したときに使用中の個別器具の増減を推定し、増減した器具の推定個別演算流量と使用した時間を出力する個別器具推定手段と、あらかじめ使用する個別器具の流量を登録し登録個別流量と使用時間を出力する個別流量登録手段と、登録個別流量を記憶する個別流量記憶手段と、増減した器具の推定個別演算流量が個別流量記憶手段の登録個別流量に含まれず、かつ増減した器具の継続使用時間が第１の所定時間以上続いた場合に個別異常信号を出力する異常流量判定部と、前記個別異常信号を受信して、ガス流量の異常を警告報知する報知手段、またはガス通路を遮断する遮断手段と、個別器具推定手段の器具の推定個別演算流量が個別流量記憶手段の登録個別流量に含まれず、かつ個別器具推定手段の器具の使用した時間が第２の所定時間よりも長く第１の所定時間よりも短い場合個別流量推定手段の推定個別演算流量を個別流量記憶手段に登録する常時個別流量登録手段とを備えたガス遮断装置が開示されていた（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, as this type of gas shut-off device, the flow rate measuring means that outputs a flow rate signal corresponding to the amount of gas passing through, and the increase / decrease of the individual appliances in use when the flow rate signal increases / decreases are estimated. Individual instrument estimation means for outputting the individual calculation flow rate and the used time, individual flow registration means for registering the flow rate of the individual instrument to be used in advance and outputting the registered individual flow rate and usage time, and individual flow memory for storing the registered individual flow rate And an error that outputs an individual abnormality signal when the estimated individual calculation flow rate of the increased / decreased appliance is not included in the registered individual flow rate of the individual flow rate storage means and the continued use time of the increased / decreased appliance continues for the first predetermined time or more A flow rate determination unit, a notification unit that receives the individual abnormality signal and gives a warning notification of an abnormality in the gas flow rate, or a blocking unit that blocks the gas passage, and an estimated individual performance of the individual instrument estimation unit When the flow rate is not included in the registered individual flow rate of the individual flow rate storage means and the time used by the device of the individual device estimation means is longer than the second predetermined time and shorter than the first predetermined time, the estimated individual flow estimation means There has been disclosed a gas shut-off device provided with a constant individual flow rate registering means for registering the calculated flow rate in the individual flow rate storage means (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
前記従来のガス遮断装置について図４を用いて簡単に構成を説明すると、１０１は流量測定手段で、ガスメーターに取り付けられた流量センサである。１０２は個別器具推定手段で、流量センサ１の流量信号を一定計測期間（３０秒）の平均流量として演算し、この平均流量の増減をもとに使用中の個別流量の増減を推定し、増減した器具の推定個別演算流量Ｑと使用した時間を出力する。この個別器具推定手段１０２は、平均流量が増加した場合はその増加分のガス器具が使用されたと判断し、平均流量が減少した場合はその減少分のガス器具を止めたと判断し、使用中の個別器具を推定する。各種制御による減少補正で流量変化分と一致する器具流量が時、例えば登録流量と流量変化分との差が、所定流量範囲内に入れば該当流量と判定し減少補正する。１０３は個別流量登録手段で、その家庭で使用する個別器具の流量（Ｑｉ）を予めインプットする設定器である。１０４は個別流量記憶手段で、個別流量登録手段１０３の個別器具の流量（Ｑｉ）と常時個別流量登録手段１０７の流量を順次Ｑ１，Ｑ２，Ｑ３，・・・，Ｑｎと記憶する。１０５は異常流量判定部で、個別器具推定手段１０２から出力される推定個別流量Ｑが個別流量記憶手段１０４の｛Ｑ１，Ｑ２，Ｑ３，・・・，Ｑｎ｝に含まれず、かつ推定個別流量Ｑが第１の所定時間（１０分）以上続けば、個別異常信号Ｅを出力する。１０６は報知手段あるいは遮断手段で、個別異常信号Ｅを受けて警告報知するＬＣＤやＬＥＤ、またはガス通路を遮断する遮断弁を備えている。１０７は常時個別流量登録手段で、個別流量推定手段１０２から出力される推定個別流量Ｑが第２の所定時間（３分）以上かつ第１の所定時間（１０分）以内の場合前記推定個別流量Ｑを個別流量記憶手段１０４に出力する。 The configuration of the conventional gas shut-off device will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 4. Reference numeral 101 denotes a flow rate measuring means, which is a flow rate sensor attached to a gas meter. Reference numeral 102 denotes an individual appliance estimation means that calculates the flow rate signal of the flow rate sensor 1 as an average flow rate for a fixed measurement period (30 seconds), estimates the increase or decrease of the individual flow rate in use based on the increase or decrease of this average flow rate, The estimated individual calculation flow rate Q and the time used are output. When the average flow rate increases, the individual device estimation means 102 determines that the increased amount of gas device has been used, and when the average flow rate decreases, determines that the decreased amount of gas device has been stopped, Estimate individual equipment. When the flow rate of the appliance coincides with the flow rate change amount by the reduction correction by various controls, for example, if the difference between the registered flow rate and the flow rate change amount falls within a predetermined flow rate range, the flow rate is determined as the corresponding flow rate and the correction is made. Reference numeral 103 denotes an individual flow rate registration means, which is a setter for inputting in advance the flow rate (Qi) of an individual appliance used in the home. Reference numeral 104 denotes individual flow rate storage means for sequentially storing the flow rate (Qi) of the individual appliance of the individual flow rate registration means 103 and the flow rate of the individual flow rate registration means 107 as Q1, Q2, Q3,. 105 is an abnormal flow rate determination unit, and the estimated individual flow rate Q output from the individual appliance estimation unit 102 is not included in {Q1, Q2, Q3,..., Qn} of the individual flow rate storage unit 104, and the estimated individual flow rate Q Continues for the first predetermined time (10 minutes) or more, the individual abnormality signal E is output. Reference numeral 106 denotes a notification means or a cutoff means, which is provided with an LCD or LED for receiving a warning in response to the individual abnormality signal E, or a cutoff valve for blocking the gas passage. 107 is an always individual flow rate registering means, and when the estimated individual flow rate Q output from the individual flow rate estimating means 102 is not less than the second predetermined time (3 minutes) and within the first predetermined time (10 minutes), the estimated individual flow rate Q is output to the individual flow rate storage means 104.
次に従来例の構成の動作を説明する。流量測定手段１０１の流量信号をもとに平均流量を計算する。この平均流量と前前回の計測の平均流量との変化流量をもとめ、増加の変化か減少の変化かを判断し、それぞれの処理により推定個別演算流量Ｑをもとめる。増加減少処理の結果あらたに出現したこの推定個別演算流量Ｑが、個別流量記憶手段１０４に含まれるかどうかかつ、第１の所定時間（１０分間）使用されたかどうかの判断をする。含まれずかつ、１０分以上使用されれば報知手段または遮断手段１０６を動作させる。含まれずまたは、１０分以上使用されなければ、それぞれ未登録流量か、３分以上使用されたか、１０分以下の使用時間であるかを判断し、すべてに合致していれば、常時個別流量登録手段１０７は、個別流量記憶手段１０４に登録の処理を行なう。 Next, the operation of the configuration of the conventional example will be described. Based on the flow rate signal of the flow rate measuring means 101, the average flow rate is calculated. A change flow rate between this average flow rate and the previous average flow rate is obtained to determine whether the change is an increase or a decrease, and an estimated individual calculation flow rate Q is obtained by each process. It is determined whether this estimated individual calculation flow rate Q newly appearing as a result of the increase / decrease process is included in the individual flow rate storage means 104 and whether it has been used for the first predetermined time (10 minutes). If it is not included and is used for 10 minutes or more, the notification means or blocking means 106 is operated. If it is not included or is not used for 10 minutes or more, it is judged whether it is an unregistered flow rate, 3 minutes or more, or 10 minutes or less. The means 107 performs registration processing in the individual flow rate storage means 104.
いま、複数器具の同時使用により、Ｑｔ（例としてＱ２＋Ｑ３）という平均流量の増加があり、使用時間がたとえば７分、すなわち、７分後に平均流量が減少した場合には、個別器具推定手段１０２より推定個別流量Ｑｔを出力される。この推定個別流量Ｑｔは、常時個別流量登録手段１０７により使用時間が３分以上かつ１０分以下ということで個別流量記憶手段１０４に登録される。以降、個別流量記憶手段１０４に登録されるので、この流量が１０分以上出現しても、遮断することはない。すなわち、同時立ち上げするケースの多いガス器具による誤遮断を低減することができる。また、買い替え器具等による、新しい個別流量Ｑｋ（３分以上１０分以下）があった場合には、個別器具推定手段１０２より推定個別流量Ｑｋが出力される。この推定個別流量Ｑｋは、常時個別流量登録手段１０７により使用時間が３分以上かつ１０分以下ということで個別流量記憶手段１０４に登録される。 If there is an increase in the average flow rate of Qt (for example, Q2 + Q3 as an example) due to simultaneous use of a plurality of devices, and the usage time is 7 minutes, for example, the average flow rate decreases after 7 minutes, the individual device estimation means 102 The estimated individual flow rate Qt is output. The estimated individual flow rate Qt is registered in the individual flow rate storage unit 104 by the individual flow rate registration unit 107 at all times because the usage time is 3 minutes or more and 10 minutes or less. Thereafter, since it is registered in the individual flow rate storage means 104, even if this flow rate appears for 10 minutes or more, it is not blocked. That is, it is possible to reduce erroneous interruption due to gas appliances that are often started up simultaneously. Further, when there is a new individual flow rate Qk (3 minutes or more and 10 minutes or less) due to a replacement device or the like, the estimated individual flow rate Qk is output from the individual device estimation means 102. The estimated individual flow rate Qk is registered in the individual flow rate storage unit 104 by the individual flow rate registration unit 107 at all times because the usage time is 3 minutes or more and 10 minutes or less.
以降、個別流量記憶手段１０４に登録されるので、この流量が１０分以上出現しても遮断することはない。それぞれの家庭で使用する個別器具をあらかじめ記憶し、個別器具以外の流量によるガス漏れによる事故を未然に防ぐことができ、器具の同時立ち上げあるいは器具の買い替え等による誤遮断を防止できる。
しかしながら、上記従来の構成では、個別流量記憶手段に登録された以外の流量が新たに検出された場合のガス通路の遮断、あるいは登録個別流量として新たに登録することで誤遮断を防止するという機能は有しているものの、個別器具推定手段は個別器具を推定する際、登録個別流量として登録している器具が器具自身の流量制御により正常範囲内で流量が少しずつ変化した状態で使用を停止した場合、登録時の個別流量と異なる値となり、登録個別流量を削除する際に間違って違う登録個別流量を削除してしまうケースがあり、この場合、登録個別流量の少ない方を削除し、多い方が残ってしまうと、器具を連続して使用可能な制限時間が短縮されることになり、予想以上に短い時間でガス遮断弁が作動してガスの供給を停止してしまうことになり、反対に登録個別流量の多い方を削除し、少ない方が残ってしまうと、連続使用制限時間が延長されることになり、使用流量の大きな器具を使用する場合等は安全性の面で課題を有することになる。 However, in the above-described conventional configuration, the function of preventing a gas passage when a flow rate other than that registered in the individual flow rate storage means is newly detected or by erroneously registering as a registered individual flow rate is prevented. However, when the individual device estimation means estimates the individual device, the device registered as the registered individual flow rate stops using when the flow rate gradually changes within the normal range due to the flow control of the device itself. If this happens, the value will be different from the individual flow rate at the time of registration, and there may be cases where the registered individual flow rate will be deleted by mistake when deleting the registered individual flow rate. If one remains, the time limit for continuous use of the instrument will be shortened, and the gas shut-off valve will operate in a shorter time than expected to stop the gas supply. On the other hand, if the one with the larger registered individual flow rate is deleted and the smaller one remains, the continuous use time limit will be extended. It will have a problem in terms.
例えばシャワーなどを使用するとき給湯器は設定湯温に保つ為にガス流量を温度偏差に応じて制御し燃焼量を可変する場合があり、またファンヒータ等は一定室温に保つ為にガス流量を制御し燃焼量を可変する場合がある。このような場合、器具使用開始時に個別器具推定手段で求め個別流量登録手段に登録された推定個別演算流量が負荷変動に対応した燃焼量制御によりガス流量が徐々に減少し時間経過と共に初期の推定個別演算流量と差異が生じる場合がある。通常、複数器具使用中に他方の器具が使用停止或いは大きな流量変化が発生すると、その変化量に基づいて個別流量登録手段の推定個別演算流量を登録し直すが、上記使用形態の如く小さい変化率で徐々に変化する場合は推定個別演算流量の登録し直し処理が実行されず、器具使用停止や器具使用追加のタイミングで推定個別演算流量の登録し直し処理を行った場合に、燃焼量制御等で減少した実際の流量と登録された流量の合計値とが異なる場合があり、このような場合、登録された流量の合計値が実際の流量より多めの状態で監視されることになり、器具連続使用制限時間が短めにシフトされ誤遮断に繋がることになる。つまり、実使用流量とは異なった監視を行うため誤遮断を防止できないという課題を有していた。 For example, when using a shower, the water heater may control the gas flow rate according to the temperature deviation in order to keep the set hot water temperature, and the combustion amount may be varied, and the fan heater etc. may have a gas flow rate to keep it at a constant room temperature. There are cases where the amount of combustion is controlled and variable. In such a case, the estimated individual calculation flow rate obtained by the individual device estimation unit at the start of the use of the device and registered in the individual flow rate registration unit gradually decreases the gas flow rate by the combustion amount control corresponding to the load fluctuation, and the initial estimation is performed over time. There may be a difference from the individual calculation flow rate. Normally, when the other instrument stops using or a large flow rate change occurs while using multiple devices, the estimated individual calculation flow rate of the individual flow rate registration means is re-registered based on the change amount. If the estimated individual calculation flow rate is changed gradually, the re-registration process of the estimated individual calculation flow rate is not executed. In some cases, the actual flow rate that has been reduced in step 1 and the total value of the registered flow rate may be different. In such a case, the total value of the registered flow rate will be monitored in a state larger than the actual flow rate. The continuous use time limit is shifted to a short time, leading to erroneous interruption. In other words, there is a problem that erroneous interruption cannot be prevented because monitoring different from the actual use flow rate is performed.
本発明は、上記課題を解決するもので、器具使用停止を検出したとき、所定の登録個別流量を削除した後の登録個別流量と流量演算手段で求められる平均流量値を比較し所定以
上の差が有る場合にその差分データに基づいて登録個別流量を補正することで、小さい変化率でガス流量が徐々に変化するような使用形態においても登録個別流量を実際の使用流量に近づけることができ、誤遮断がなく、安全性の高いガス遮断装置を提供するものである。
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem. When detecting the stop of use of the instrument, the registered individual flow rate after deleting the predetermined registered individual flow rate is compared with the average flow rate value obtained by the flow rate calculation means, and a difference of a predetermined value or more is obtained. By correcting the registered individual flow rate based on the difference data, the registered individual flow rate can be brought close to the actual used flow rate even in the usage mode in which the gas flow rate gradually changes with a small change rate, The present invention provides a highly safe gas shut-off device without erroneous shut-off.
上記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明のガス遮断装置は、流量を所定周期ごとに計測する流量検出手段と、検出値より瞬時流量値を流量演算手段で演算し、求めた所定個数の瞬時流量より平均流量を求める平均流量演算手段と、求めた平均流量の今回値と前回値より流量変化有か否かを判定する流量変化判定手段と、検出した流量変化が増加変化判定時は流量変化分を流量登録し、又、減少変化判定時は流量変化分に近い登録流量を削除する流量登録手段と、登録流量の合計値を演算する登録流量合計手段と、登録流量の合計値と平均流量とから流量差を求める流量差演算手段と、流量変化判定手段で減少変化を判定した時、登録流量の合計値よりも平均流量の前回値が大きい場合は、登録流量の合計値と平均流量の前回値で求めた流量差を先に流量登録の最大流量値に加算処理し、その後検出した減少流量に近い登録流量の削除を行う流量補正判定手段と、器具の使用状態を監視する判定値を記憶する監視値記憶手段と、流量登録手段の登録流量と監視値記憶手段の判定値とから異常の有無を判定する異常判定手段と、前記異常判定手段で異常判定成立時ガスの供給を遮断する遮断手段とからなる。
In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the gas shutoff device according to the present invention includes a flow rate detection unit that measures a flow rate every predetermined period, and a flow rate calculation unit that calculates an instantaneous flow rate value based on the detected value . the average and the flow rate computation unit, a flow change determination unit that determines whether the flow rate changes chromatic than the present value and the previous value of the average flow rate determined, at decision detected flow change is an increase change rate to obtain the average flow rate from the instantaneous flow rate the variation flow rate registration, also mean reduction change determination at the time of the flow rate registration unit for deleting the registered flow rate near the flow rate change amount, a registration total flow rate means for calculating a total value of registered flow rate, the total value of the registered flow rate a flow rate difference calculating means for calculating a flow rate difference from the flow rate, when determining the decrease change in flow rate change decision unit, when than the sum of the registered flow rate is large previous value of the average flow, the average flow rate and the total value of registered flow rate flow rate obtained in the previous value of the The added processing to the maximum flow rate value of previously flow registration, then detected and line Cormorant flow correction determining means to delete the close registration flow to decrease the flow rate, the monitoring value storage unit for storing a determination value for monitoring the use state of the device And an abnormality determining means for determining the presence / absence of an abnormality from the registered flow rate of the flow rate registering means and the determination value of the monitoring value storage means, and a shutting means for shutting off the gas supply when the abnormality determination is established by the abnormality determining means.
上記発明によれば、器具が使用され器具流量が登録されている時、流量変化判定手段で流量変化と判定されない微少な増加流量変化が継続した後何らかの器具が使用停止あるいは大幅に流量を絞ったり等の場合初めて流量変化と判定されるが、流量変化検出前の登録流量合計値と平均流量との流量差がある場合登録前に流量変化が発生したと判定し、まず登録流量合計値と平均流量との流量差を求め、登録された流量のうち最も大きい登録流量に加算補正し、次に流量変化検出手段で検出した減少流量より流量登録手段に登録された登録流量のうち最も近い登録流量を減少補正することにより、使用器具の合計流量と監視する流量登録値合計とが一致し対応した使用時間で監視することができ、誤って微少流量変化した流量を器具と間違って再登録しその流量を使用時間監視し早期に使用時間遮断し、ガス事業者の不要な出動回数が増大したり、暖房器具のように本来長時間使用可能であるのに短時間で停止し使い勝手の低下するのを防止することができ、かつ安全性の高い。 According to the above invention, when a device is used and the flow rate of the device is registered, after a slight increase in flow rate change that is not determined as a flow rate change by the flow rate change determination means, some device stops using or significantly reduces the flow rate. However, if there is a flow rate difference between the registered flow total value before the flow rate change detection and the average flow rate, it is determined that the flow rate change has occurred before registration. The flow rate difference from the flow rate is calculated, added to the largest registered flow rate among the registered flow rates, corrected, and then the closest registered flow rate registered in the flow rate registration unit from the reduced flow rate detected by the flow rate change detection unit By correcting the decrease, the total flow rate of the equipment used and the total registered flow value to be monitored can be monitored in the corresponding usage time, and the flow rate that has changed slightly by mistake is mistaken for the equipment. Register and monitor the flow rate for the usage time, cut off the usage time early, increase the number of unnecessary dispatches of gas companies, or stop for a short time although it can be used for a long time like a heater, etc. It is possible to prevent the deterioration and high safety.
本発明のガス遮断装置は、複数器具使用し複数の器具流量が登録されている時、器具制御により流量変化判定手段で変化判定されない微小な流量増加が継続している状態で、何らかの器具が使用停止、或いは大幅流量減少制御がなされた場合、流量変化検出前の使用している全器具流量の平均流量と流量登録手段の合計流量との流量差で登録された流量値を加算補正を優先して行い、ついで検出した減少変化量より最も近い登録流量を探し減少補正することにより、常に全使用器具の平均流量と流量監視する流量登録手段の合計流量とを常に一致させた状態で監視しており、実際の全器具使用量と登録流量合計との差が存在した状態で流量変化時の流量登録を行わないので、実際にありえない流量登録を引き起こすこともなく、ありえない登録流量で使用時間監視し早期に使用時間遮断したりという不具合もなく、早期遮断によるガス事業者の不要な出動回数が増大することもなく、特に冬季暖房器具のように本来長時間使用可能であるのに短時間で停止し使い勝手の低下するのを防止でき、信頼性や安全性の高い効果がある。 The gas shut-off device of the present invention is used when a plurality of appliances are used and a plurality of appliance flow rates are registered. If stop or drastic flow reduction control is performed, priority is given to the correction of the flow rate value registered by the flow rate difference between the average flow rate of all the instrument flows used before detection of the flow rate change and the total flow rate of the flow rate registration means. Next, by looking for the registered flow rate that is closest to the detected decrease change amount, and correcting the decrease, it is always possible to monitor the average flow rate of all devices used and the total flow rate of the flow rate registration means that always monitors the flow rate. Since the flow rate registration is not performed when there is a difference between the actual total device usage and the total registered flow rate, the flow rate registration at the time of the flow rate change is not performed. There is no trouble of monitoring the usage time with the flow rate and shutting off the usage time early, and there is no increase in the number of unnecessary turnouts of gas companies due to early shutdown, and it can be used for a long time, especially in the winter heating equipment. However, it can be prevented from being stopped in a short time and the usability is lowered, and there is an effect of high reliability and safety.
本発明は上記目的を達成する為に、複数のガス器具の使用状況を監視するとともに、異常発生時にガスの供給を遮断するガス遮断装置であって、流量を所定周期ごとに計測する流量検出手段と、前記流量検出手段の検出値より瞬時流量値を演算する流量演算手段と、前記流量演算手段で求めた所定個数の瞬時流量より平均流量を求める平均流量演算手段と、求めた平均流量の今回値と前回値より器具変化流量の有無を判定する流量変化判定手段と、前記流量変化判定手段で増加変化判定時は流量変化分を流量登録し、又、減少変化判定時は流量変化分に近い登録流量を削除する流量登録手段と、登録流量の合計値を演算する登録流量合計手段と、前記登録流量合計手段の登録流量の合計値と前記平均流量で求めた平均流量とから流量差を求める流量差演算手段と、前記流量変化判定手段で減少変化を判定した時、登録流量の合計値よりも平均流量の前回値が大きい場合は、登録流量の合計値と平均流量の前回値で求めた流量差を先に流量登録の最大流量値に加算処理し、その後検出した減少流量に近い登録流量の削除を行う流量補正判定手段と、器具の使用状態を監視する判定値を記憶する監視値記憶手段と、流量登録手段の登録流量と監視値記憶手段の判定値とから異常の有無を判定する異常判定手段と、前記異常判定手段で異常判定成立時ガスの供給を遮断する遮断手段ととからなる。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a gas shut-off device that monitors the use status of a plurality of gas appliances and shuts off the supply of gas when an abnormality occurs , and is a flow rate detecting means for measuring the flow rate at predetermined intervals. A flow rate calculation means for calculating an instantaneous flow rate value from a detection value of the flow rate detection means, an average flow rate calculation means for calculating an average flow rate from a predetermined number of instantaneous flow rates obtained by the flow rate calculation means, and a current time of the obtained average flow rate The flow rate change judging means for judging the presence or absence of the appliance change flow rate from the value and the previous value, and when the increase change judgment is made by the flow rate change judgment means, the flow rate change amount is registered, and when the decrease change judgment is made, it is close to the flow rate change amount. determined and the flow rate registration unit for deleting the registration flow rate, and the registration total flow rate means for calculating a total value of registered flow rate, the flow rate difference from the average flow rate total value of registered flow rate and determined in the mean flow rate of the registered flow summing means A flow rate difference calculating means, when determining the decrease changes in the flow rate change decision unit, when than the sum of the registered flow rate is large previous value of the average flow rate was determined in the previous value of the average flow rate and the total value of registered flow rate the flow rate difference is the addition processing to the maximum flow rate value of previously flow registration, storing and subsequent detected close to reduce the flow rate registration flow line power sale rate correction determination means the removal of the determination value for monitoring the use state of the device monitoring value Storage means, abnormality determination means for determining the presence / absence of an abnormality from the registered flow rate of the flow rate registration means and the determination value of the monitoring value storage means, and a blocking means for cutting off the supply of gas when the abnormality determination is established by the abnormality determination means; Consists of.
そして、器具使用開始したのを流量検出手段で検出し、流量演算手段で瞬時流量に換算し、平均流量を求め流量登録手段により流量登録されるが、複数の器具が使用され器具流量が登録されている時、器具の流量制御により流量変化判定手段で流量変化と判定されない微少な流量増加変化が長時間継続した後使用中の何らかの器具が流量を絞ったり停止した初めて流量変化と判定されるが、微少な流量増加による登録流量合計値と平均流量との流量差がある場合流量変化前に微少流量変化が発生したと判定し、登録流量合計値と平均流量との流量差を求め、既に登録された流量のうち最も近い登録流量より加算補正し、使用器具の合計流量と監視する流量登録値合計とを一致させ、その後流量補正手段により流量検出手段で検出した減少流量分を流量登録手段より減少補正させることにより、全ての使用器具の流量を流量登録させ、対応した使用時間で監視することができ、誤って微少流量変化した流量を器具と間違って再登録しその流量を使用時間監視し早期に使用時間遮断し、ガス事業者の不要な出動回数が増大したり、暖房器具のように本来長時間使用可能であるのに短時間で停止し使い勝手の低下するのを防止することができ、かつ安全性の高い。 Then, the start of use of the instrument is detected by the flow rate detection means, converted to an instantaneous flow rate by the flow rate calculation means, and the average flow rate is obtained and registered by the flow rate registration means. However, a plurality of instruments are used and the instrument flow rate is registered. However, the flow rate change is not determined by the flow rate change judging means by the flow rate control of the device, and after a slight flow increase change continues for a long time, it is determined that the flow rate change is the first time that any device in use is throttled or stopped. If there is a flow rate difference between the registered total flow rate and the average flow rate due to a slight increase in flow rate, it is determined that a small flow rate change has occurred before the flow rate change, and the flow rate difference between the registered flow rate total value and the average flow rate is obtained and registered The corrected flow rate is corrected from the nearest registered flow rate, and the total flow rate of the equipment used is matched with the monitored flow rate registered value sum, and then the reduced flow rate detected by the flow rate detection unit by the flow rate correction unit By using the flow rate registration means to reduce the flow rate, the flow rate of all the instruments used can be registered and monitored at the corresponding usage time. The usage time is monitored and the usage time is cut off early, and the number of unnecessary dispatches of the gas company increases, while it can be used for a long time like a heater, but it stops in a short time and the usability is reduced. It can be prevented and is highly safe.
また、前記ガス遮断装置の手段の全てもしくは一部をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムである。 Further, it is a program for causing a computer to execute all or part of the means of the gas cutoff device.
そして、プログラムであるのでマイコン等を用いて本発明の遮断装置の一部あるいは全てを容易に実現することができる。また記録媒体に記録したり通信回線を用いてプログラムを配信したりすることでプログラムの配布やインストール作業が簡単にできる。 And since it is a program, a part or all of the interruption | blocking apparatus of this invention can be easily implement | achieved using a microcomputer etc. Also, program distribution and installation can be simplified by recording on a recording medium or distributing a program using a communication line.
（実施の形態１）
図１は本発明の実施の形態１におけるガス遮断装置とガス器具の設置形態を示す構成図、図２は同ガス遮断装置の制御ブロック図である。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an installation mode of a gas cutoff device and a gas appliance in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the gas cutoff device.
各家庭のガス供給管１の入口部分にガス遮断装置２が設置され、このガス遮断装置２を経由した後のガス配管３から分岐して、各家庭で使用する種々のガス器具が設置された場所まで配管され、ガスが供給される。例えば、屋外には給湯器４が設置され、この給湯器４で生成される湯が水配管を介して台所の給湯栓５、浴槽やシャワー装置が設置された風呂６、リビング等に設置された床暖房７に供給され、種々の使用形態を形成している。 A gas shut-off device 2 is installed at the entrance of the gas supply pipe 1 in each household, and various gas appliances used in each home are installed by branching from the gas pipe 3 after passing through the gas shut-off device 2. Piping to place and gas is supplied. For example, a water heater 4 is installed outdoors, and hot water generated by the water heater 4 is installed in a kitchen hot water tap 5, a bath 6 in which a bathtub and a shower device are installed, a living room and the like through a water pipe. It is supplied to the floor heating 7 and forms various usage forms.
また、屋内にあっては、台所に設置されたガステーブル８、リビングや寝室等に設置されたガスファンヒータ９にガスが供給され、必要に応じて適宜使用される。 In addition, when indoors, gas is supplied to a gas table 8 installed in a kitchen, a gas fan heater 9 installed in a living room, a bedroom, or the like, and is used as needed.
そして、設置されたガス器具が使用されガスの消費が発生するとガス遮断装置２でその使用量が計測され、その使用量が検針値として累積記憶されている。このガス遮断装置２に記憶されたデータはガス事業者からの定期的なデータ要求指令に基づいて所定の情報処理を行った後、ガス料金やガス使用量あるいはガス事業者が提供する割引サービス等の情
報として需要家及びガス事業者に使用される。
When the installed gas appliance is used and gas consumption occurs, the amount of use is measured by the gas shutoff device 2, and the amount of use is accumulated and stored as a meter reading value. The data stored in the gas shut-off device 2 is subjected to predetermined information processing based on a periodic data request command from the gas company, and then the gas fee, gas usage, discount service provided by the gas company, etc. This information is used by consumers and gas companies.
そして、ガス遮断装置２には、ガス入口とガス出口を有したガス流路が形成され、ガス流量を計測する流量検出手段１０が設けられている。なお、流量検出手段１０としては種々の方式があり、本実施の形態で示す流路内に設置された一対の超音波センサで超音波信号を一方から他方に発信しその伝搬時間より使用ガス流量を検出するものや、流路内に熱線式センサを設け流れにより変化するインピーダンスより流量を求めるもの、さらには計量膜によりガス量を検出し計量膜の機械的動作を磁石とリードスイッチあるいは磁気抵抗素子等により電気的パルス信号として流量を検出するものがある。 The gas shut-off device 2 has a gas flow path having a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and is provided with a flow rate detection means 10 for measuring the gas flow rate. Note that there are various methods as the flow rate detection means 10, and an ultrasonic signal is transmitted from one to the other with a pair of ultrasonic sensors installed in the flow path shown in the present embodiment, and the gas flow rate used is determined from the propagation time. For detecting the flow rate, or for determining the flow rate from the impedance that changes depending on the flow with a hot-wire sensor installed in the flow path, and for detecting the amount of gas with a metering membrane, Some devices detect the flow rate as an electrical pulse signal.
そこで、超音波センサを用いた流量検出手段１０について簡単に説明すると、超音波を送信または受信する第１送受信器と受信または送信する第２送受信器が流れ方向に対抗して配置され、制御回路によって送受信の切り換えが可能になっている。この第１送受信器と第２送受信器の信号を処理して流量を計測するもので、上流から下流に超音波を送信する。そして第２送受信器で受信し計時手段で伝搬時間を計測する。 Accordingly, the flow rate detection means 10 using an ultrasonic sensor will be briefly described. A first transmitter / receiver for transmitting or receiving ultrasonic waves and a second transmitter / receiver for receiving or transmitting ultrasonic waves are arranged in opposition to the flow direction, and a control circuit is provided. Can be switched between transmission and reception. The flow rate is measured by processing signals from the first transceiver and the second transceiver, and ultrasonic waves are transmitted from upstream to downstream. And it receives with a 2nd transmitter / receiver, and measures propagation time by a time measuring means.
次に、切換手段で下流から上流に向かって超音波信号を送信し、伝搬時間を計測する。そして、第１送受信器と第２送受信器との超音波の伝搬時間差から流路の大きさや流体の流れ状態に対応した流量係数を掛けて流量演算手段１１で流量値を求める。流量は瞬時流量値として予め定めた周期毎に求められる。 Next, an ultrasonic signal is transmitted from the downstream to the upstream by the switching means, and the propagation time is measured. Then, the flow rate calculation means 11 obtains the flow rate value by multiplying the difference in ultrasonic propagation time between the first transmitter / receiver and the second transmitter / receiver by the flow rate coefficient corresponding to the size of the flow path and the fluid flow state. The flow rate is obtained every predetermined cycle as an instantaneous flow rate value.
そして、所定周期毎計測し求めた瞬時流量値は平均流量演算手段１２に入力され、所定個数の瞬時流量値を集合して平均流量値として算出される。この平均流量値より流量変化判定手段１３で器具流量有無の変化を判定する。今回求めた平均流量と前回の平均流量より変化判定を行う。その後今回の平均流量は時系列的に流量変化判定手段１３に記憶される。即ち流量変化判定手段１３では、今回平均流量演算手段１２で算出された平均流量値と前回の平均流量とを比較して、予め定めた以上の変化流量或いは流量変化率があるか否かを判定し、器具の使用開始有無、或いは流量変化有無を判断する。例えば、需要家が給湯器４を使用すると流量値はゼロから所定の流量まで変化、あるいは他の器具を使用中に給湯器４等が使用されると求めた平均流量と前回の平均流量とから流量変化率あるいは流量変化量が所定以上あったか否かで器具の使用／停止、或いは流量変化の有無を判断する。 Then, the instantaneous flow rate value obtained by measuring every predetermined cycle is input to the average flow rate calculation means 12, and a predetermined number of instantaneous flow rate values are collected to be calculated as an average flow rate value. The flow rate change determining means 13 determines the change in the presence or absence of the appliance flow rate from the average flow rate value. The change is determined from the average flow rate obtained this time and the previous average flow rate. Thereafter, the current average flow rate is stored in the flow rate change determination means 13 in time series. That is, the flow rate change determination unit 13 compares the average flow rate value calculated by the current average flow rate calculation unit 12 with the previous average flow rate, and determines whether or not there is a change flow rate or a flow rate change rate that exceeds a predetermined value. Then, it is determined whether or not the appliance has been used or whether or not the flow rate has changed. For example, when the customer uses the water heater 4, the flow rate value changes from zero to a predetermined flow rate, or from the average flow rate obtained when the water heater 4 is used while using other appliances and the previous average flow rate. The use / stop of the device or the presence / absence of the flow rate change is determined based on whether the flow rate change rate or the flow rate change amount is greater than or equal to a predetermined value.
そして、流量変化判定手段１３で流量変化が検出されると、器具の使用開始か、あるいは器具の使用停止かを判断し、具体的には器具が使用された場合は流量変化分を流量登録手段１４に登録流量値として設定する。ここで流量登録手段１４は、増加流量登録手段１４ａと減少流量登録手段１４ｂとからなる。流量増加側の変化が検出される度に器具が追加使用されたと判定して、都度流量変化分を新規に流量登録値として設定する。反対に、器具の使用が停止された場合は流量登録手段１４に登録されている登録流量値のうち流量変化分に近い登録流量値をその器具が停止されたと判定し流量登録値より削除し、登録流量を大きい順番に再度変更登録する。この削除処理も同様に、流量減少側の変化が検出される度に器具の使用が停止されたと判断して都度、登録流量値の削除処理を実行する。流量変化量が登録流量値と一致しない場合、各登録流量と流量変化量との差で最も小さい登録流量、或いは各登録流量と流量変化量との差と登録流量との比から変化割合を求め、最も小さい変化割合の流量値を流量変化値で減少補正し、最も近い器具の流量変化と判定し登録値を昇順に変更する。 When the change in flow rate is detected by the flow rate change determination means 13, it is determined whether the use of the instrument is started or the use of the instrument is stopped. Specifically, when the instrument is used, the change in the flow rate is registered as the flow rate registration means. 14 is set as a registered flow rate value. Here, the flow rate registration unit 14 includes an increase flow rate registration unit 14a and a decrease flow rate registration unit 14b. Every time a change on the flow rate increase side is detected, it is determined that the appliance has been additionally used, and each time the flow rate change is newly set as a flow rate registration value. On the other hand, when the use of the appliance is stopped, it is determined that the registered flow value that is close to the flow rate change amount among the registered flow values registered in the flow registration means 14 is deleted from the registered flow value. Change and register the registered flow again in descending order. Similarly, in this deletion process, every time a change on the flow rate decrease side is detected, it is determined that the use of the appliance has been stopped, and the deletion process of the registered flow rate value is executed each time. If the flow rate change amount does not match the registered flow rate value, obtain the change rate from the registered flow rate that is the smallest difference between each registered flow rate and the flow rate change amount, or the ratio between each registered flow rate and the flow rate change amount and the registered flow rate. The flow rate value with the smallest change rate is corrected to decrease with the flow rate change value, and the flow rate value of the closest instrument is determined to be changed, and the registered values are changed in ascending order.
次に登録流量合計手段１５では、流量登録手段１４で登録された流量値の合計流量を求める。流量差演算手段１６は、登録流量合計手段１５での登録流量の合計値と平均流量演算手段１２で求めた使用器具全体の平均流量とから流量差の有無を求め、及びその流量差を求める。１７は流量補正判定手段で、流量変化判定手段１３で減少側の流量変化検出信号を入力し、かつ登録流量合計手段１５と平均流量演算手段１２の出力とより流量差演算
手段１６で検出したプラスの流量差とを入力すると、次の手順の流量登録補正要求を出力する。第１に、この場合流量差が流量変化直前までに発生しており、流量変化判定手段１３で検出されない微小な変化が継続して発生したと判定し、その流量差分を既に登録されている登録流量のうち最も大きい流量値に優先的に加算補正する。第２に実際の流量との流量差が補正された新しい流量登録値に対し、流量変化判定手段１３で検出した減少流量に相当する器具を減少流量登録手段１４ｂにより探し、流量登録手段１４より減少補正する。この流量差がなくなるまで実施する。
Next, the registered flow rate summing unit 15 obtains a total flow rate of the flow rate values registered by the flow rate registering unit 14. The flow rate difference calculating means 16 determines the presence or absence of a flow rate difference from the total value of the registered flow rates in the registered flow rate summing means 15 and the average flow rate of the entire device used by the average flow rate calculating means 12, and determines the flow rate difference. Reference numeral 17 denotes a flow rate correction determination means. The flow rate change determination means 13 inputs a decrease-side flow rate change detection signal and is detected by the flow rate difference calculation means 16 from the outputs of the registered flow rate summation means 15 and the average flow rate calculation means 12. Is input, the flow registration correction request of the next procedure is output. First, in this case, it is determined that a flow rate difference has occurred immediately before the flow rate change, and a minute change that is not detected by the flow rate change determination means 13 has continued, and the flow rate difference is already registered. Precisely add and correct the largest flow rate value among the flow rates. Secondly, with respect to a new flow rate registration value in which the flow rate difference from the actual flow rate is corrected, the reduced flow rate registration unit 14b searches for a device corresponding to the reduced flow rate detected by the flow rate change determination unit 13 and decreases from the flow rate registration unit 14. to correct. Continue until this flow rate difference disappears.
そして、異常判定手段１８は、設定された登録流量で使用器具の監視を行う。監視値記憶手段１９は、流量域毎に対応した使用時間の制限時間値、あるいは使用最大流量の監視判定値等が記憶されている。例えばストーブ等へガスを供給するホースが何らかの原因で外れた時、異常な大流量が発生するが、そのような状態を監視するための合計流量遮断値や、器具の通常使用する最大使用時間よりはるかに長く使用された場合に対応して使用時間の制限時間を規定した使用時間遮断の制限時間等を監視値記憶手段１９に記憶している。この設定値と流量登録手段１４の登録流量値とを異常判定手段１８で比較判定することで、登録流量値が使用最大流量値を超えていないか、或いは器具の使用時間が登録流量に対応した連続使用の制限時間を超えていないか等監視する。この異常判定手段１８で異常成立と判定した時遮断手段２０に遮断信号を送ってガス供給を停止する。また、報知通信手段２１は、遮断状態や遮断内容を液晶表示素子等に表示すると共にガスの安全監視を行っているガス事業者のセンターに電話回線等の通信により通報する。 And the abnormality determination means 18 monitors an apparatus used by the set registration flow volume. The monitoring value storage means 19 stores a time limit value for use time corresponding to each flow rate range, a monitoring judgment value for the maximum use flow rate, or the like. For example, when the hose that supplies gas to a stove or the like is disconnected for some reason, an abnormally large flow rate is generated, but the total flow cutoff value for monitoring such a condition and the maximum use time of the appliance normally The monitoring time storage means 19 stores the usage time cutoff time limit that defines the usage time limit time corresponding to the case where it has been used for a much longer time. By comparing and determining this set value and the registered flow rate value of the flow rate registration unit 14 by the abnormality determination unit 18, the registered flow rate value does not exceed the maximum use flow rate value or the usage time of the appliance corresponds to the registered flow rate. Monitor whether the time limit for continuous use is exceeded. When the abnormality determination means 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred, a cutoff signal is sent to the cutoff means 20 to stop the gas supply. In addition, the notification communication means 21 displays the shut-off state and shut-off content on a liquid crystal display element and the like, and notifies the center of the gas company that is monitoring the safety of the gas by communication such as a telephone line.
次に、以上のように構成されたガス遮断装置２の動作を説明する。需要家宅で保有しているガス器具、例えば給湯器４やガスストーブ９等が使用されるとその流量を流量検出手段１０で検出する。例えば超音波センサを用いた場合は超音波信号の伝搬時間が検出値として計測され、この信号が流量演算手段１１に送られて瞬時流量値として換算され、平均流量演算手段１２で所定個数毎の平均流量値として演算される。求められた平均流量は流量変化判定手段１３で定期的に器具流量変化有無の判定を行う。流量変化判定手段１３では流量変化判定後、時系列的に複数個記憶される。この流量変化判定手段１３に記憶された過去の平均流量（例えば、前回、或いは前々回とか、Ｎ回前の平均流量記憶値等）と今回の平均流量とから流量変化の有無を求める。つまり、所定間隔で出力される平均流量値を用いてその変化状態から器具の使用あるいは器具の停止を判断するとともに、その変化時の流量変化分をもって使用器具の登録流量とし、流量登録手段１４に新規登録したり、既に登録済みの登録流量を減少補正、或いは削除したりすることで、変化時点の使用器具に対応した登録流量を正確に設定することができる。減少変化時器具停止や各種制御による流量変化の場合もあり、流量変化分と登録流量が一致しない場合があり、所定流量範囲内もしくは所定率以内に入れば流量登録手段１４は該当器具と判定し減少補正する。所定以内の場合登録流量と減少流量との差分が、実流量と登録流量との誤差となる。 Next, operation | movement of the gas interruption | blocking apparatus 2 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. When a gas appliance held at a customer's house, such as a water heater 4 or a gas stove 9, is used, the flow rate is detected by the flow rate detection means 10. For example, when an ultrasonic sensor is used, the propagation time of the ultrasonic signal is measured as a detected value, and this signal is sent to the flow rate calculation means 11 and converted into an instantaneous flow rate value. Calculated as the average flow value. The obtained average flow rate is periodically determined by the flow rate change determination means 13 for the presence or absence of changes in the appliance flow rate. The flow rate change determining means 13 stores a plurality of time-series data after determining the flow rate change. The presence or absence of a flow rate change is obtained from the past average flow rate stored in the flow rate change determination means 13 (for example, the previous or previous time or the average flow rate stored N times before) and the current average flow rate. That is, using the average flow rate value output at a predetermined interval, the use of the appliance or the stoppage of the appliance is determined from the change state, and the flow rate change at the time of change is used as the registered flow rate of the appliance to be used. By newly registering or by correcting or deleting the registered flow rate that has already been registered, it is possible to accurately set the registered flow rate corresponding to the device used at the time of change. There may be a change in flow rate due to instrument stop or various controls when there is a decrease, and the change in flow rate may not match the registered flow rate. If it falls within a predetermined flow rate range or within a predetermined rate, the flow rate registration means 14 will determine that the device is a corresponding device. Decrease correction. If it is within the predetermined range, the difference between the registered flow rate and the reduced flow rate becomes an error between the actual flow rate and the registered flow rate.
例えば、給湯器４を使用すると例えば過去流量が零の場合、１５００Ｌ／ｈ等の流量に変化するが、その変化を今回の平均流量と過去の平均流量とを比較し変化有無を求める。その変化率或いは変化量が所定以上の場合変化有として、何らかの器具使用有と判定して流量登録手段１４に登録する。或いはガステーブル８使用中に給湯器４を使用すると流量変化判定手段１３の過去流量にガステーブル８の流量が記憶されており、流量変化判定手段１３では今回の平均流量と過去流量記憶値とから変化流量を求め、同様に現在の流量からの変化率、或いは変化流量が所定以上の場合に変化有りとして変化流量を流量登録手段１４に登録する。ここで流量登録手段１４では流量変化有時求めた平均流量が、増加流量登録手段１４ａと減少流量再登録手段１４ｂに入力される。流量変化判定手段１３で流量増加と判定信号が入力されると前回の平均流量との増加流量が流量登録される。又複数の
器具使用中に、いずれかの器具が使用停止されたり、流量が変化すると流量変化判定手段１３では過去の流量記憶値と平均流量とから減少変化かを判定しその減少変化流量を出力し、流量登録手段１４は減少変化流量より登録された流量のうち最も近い流量登録値を削除したり、或いは削減する。流量変化量が登録流量値と一致しない場合、各登録流量と流量変化量との差で最も小さい登録流量、或いは各登録流量と流量変化量との差と登録流量との変化割合を求め、最も小さい流量値を流量変化値で減少補正し、最も近い器具の流量変化と判定し登録値を昇順に変更する。
For example, when the water heater 4 is used, for example, when the past flow rate is zero, the flow rate changes to 1500 L / h or the like, and the change is compared with the current average flow rate and the past average flow rate to determine whether there is a change. If the rate of change or the amount of change is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, it is determined that there is a change, and some device is used, and is registered in the flow rate registration means 14. Alternatively, when the water heater 4 is used while the gas table 8 is used, the flow rate of the gas table 8 is stored in the past flow rate of the flow rate change determination unit 13, and the flow rate change determination unit 13 calculates the current average flow rate and the past flow rate stored value. Similarly, the change flow rate is obtained, and similarly, the change rate from the current flow rate or the change flow rate is registered in the flow rate registration means 14 when there is a change when the change flow rate is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. Here, in the flow rate registration means 14, the average flow rate obtained when the flow rate changes is input to the increase flow rate registration means 14a and the decrease flow rate re-registration means 14b. When a flow rate increase and determination signal is input by the flow rate change determination means 13, an increased flow rate with the previous average flow rate is registered. When any of the devices is stopped or the flow rate is changed during use of a plurality of devices, the flow rate change judging means 13 determines whether the change is a decrease from the past flow rate stored value and the average flow rate, and outputs the reduced change flow rate. Then, the flow rate registration means 14 deletes or reduces the closest flow rate registration value among the flow rates registered from the decreasing change flow rate. If the flow rate change amount does not match the registered flow rate value, find the smallest registered flow rate or the change rate between the registered flow rate and the difference between each registered flow rate and flow rate change amount. The small flow rate value is corrected to decrease by the flow rate change value, and it is determined as the flow rate change of the nearest instrument, and the registered value is changed in ascending order.
そして登録された全ての流量値は、登録流量合計手段１５で加算され合計流量が求められる。流量差演算手段１６では求めた平均流量と登録流量合計値とから流量差を求める。流量差が零でない場合、使用器具流量が監視されるべき流量登録手段１４に流量登録されていないと判定し、流量補正判定手段１７に流量差信号を出力する。複数の器具が使用され流量登録手段１４に流量登録されている時、登録されている器具流量が微小な流量増加変化を生じている時に、使用中の何らかの器具が停止したり或いは流量減少変化を行った場合、その減少変化挙動を流量変化判定手段１３で検出すると流量登録手段１４、及び流量補正判定手段１７に出力する。
All the registered flow rate values are added by the registered flow rate summing unit 15 to obtain the total flow rate. The flow rate difference calculating means 16 calculates the flow rate difference from the calculated average flow rate and the registered flow rate total value. If the flow rate difference is not zero, it is determined that the flow rate of the appliance used is not registered in the flow rate registration unit 14 to be monitored, and a flow rate difference signal is output to the flow rate correction determination unit 17. When a plurality of devices are used and registered in the flow rate registering means 14, when the registered device flow rate has a slight flow rate increase change, any device in use stops or changes in flow rate decrease. If it is performed, when the decrease change behavior is detected by the flow rate change determination means 13, it is output to the flow rate registration means 14 and the flow rate correction determination means 17.
流量補正判定手段１７は流量差信号と流量変化検出信号が入力された場合、次の手順で流量登録の制御指示を行う。プラスの流量差があり、減少流量変化分の場合、減少変化が生ずる直前まで既に使用している器具が流量制御され、流量変化判定手段１３で検出されない微少な流量増加変化が長時間継続されていた場合、減少変化検出時点で、登録合計流量と平均流量とが異なっている。即ち、登録合計流量より器具使用の平均流量を差し引いた流量差がプラスの場合、登録されている器具流量のいずれかが流量変化し少なくなっていると判定する。先に求めた流量差で流量登録手段１４の増加流量登録手段１４ａにより流量差分を流量登録されている最大流量値に加算補正される。比較的流量制御機能を搭載した器具である場合が多いためである。この処理により登録流量合計値と減少変化検出直前の平均流量とが一致する。次に流量変化判定手段１３で検出した流量減少量に相当する器具流量の減少補正を行う。監視している器具流量合計と流量登録合計値が一致させているので、流量減少量に相当する器具流量を減少流量登録手段１４ｂにより、最も近い登録流量を探索し、削除もしくは減少補正する。例えば、登録流量と減少流量との差と登録流量との比を求め登録流量からの変化度合いを求め、最も小さい流量の器具が流量変化を生じたと判定される。検出した減少流量を流量変化を起したと判定される登録流量より減少補正する。もし減少補正し、流量差が残った場合、次に近い流量登録値より減少補正する。結果、流量差が無くなるまで補正する。
When the flow rate difference signal and the flow rate change detection signal are input, the flow rate correction determination unit 17 issues a flow rate registration control instruction according to the following procedure. When there is a positive flow rate difference and the amount of change in the decrease flow rate, the flow control is performed on the instrument that is already used until just before the decrease change occurs, and a slight increase in flow rate that is not detected by the flow rate change determination means 13 is continued for a long time. In this case, the registered total flow rate is different from the average flow rate at the time when the decrease change is detected. That is, when the difference in flow rate obtained by subtracting the average flow rate for using the appliance from the registered total flow rate is positive, it is determined that any of the registered device flow rates has changed and decreased. The flow rate difference is added and corrected to the maximum flow rate value registered by the increased flow rate registering unit 14a of the flow rate registering unit 14 with the previously obtained flow rate difference. This is because there are many cases where the instrument is relatively equipped with a flow control function. By this process, the registered flow rate total value matches the average flow rate immediately before the decrease change is detected. Next, a decrease correction of the instrument flow rate corresponding to the flow rate decrease detected by the flow rate change determination means 13 is performed. Since the monitored instrument flow rate total and the flow rate registration total value are matched, the appliance flow rate corresponding to the flow rate reduction amount is searched for the nearest registered flow rate by the reduced flow rate registration means 14b and deleted or corrected for reduction. For example, the ratio between the registered flow rate and the difference between the registered flow rate and the reduced flow rate is obtained to determine the degree of change from the registered flow rate, and it is determined that the instrument having the smallest flow rate has caused the flow rate change. The detected decreased flow rate is corrected to decrease from the registered flow rate determined to have caused the flow rate change. If a decrease correction is made and the flow rate difference remains, a decrease correction is made from the next closest flow rate registration value. As a result, the flow rate is corrected until there is no difference.
ガステーブル８やガスファンヒータ９を使用中に給湯器４の使用形態において、床暖房等に使用した場合は運転初期の負荷が大きい場合と安定状態の負荷が小さい場合、或いはシャワー等で最初水温と設定温度との差が大きい時から湯温が安定すると燃焼量が大きく変化する。このような場合、流量登録手段１４の増加流量登録手段１４ａによりガステーブル８やガスファンヒータ９の増加流量が登録され、更に給湯器４の流量が登録される。給湯器４の運転初期に流量変化有として給湯器４の使用流量が、即ちこの時点の平均流量値が登録流量として流量登録手段１４に登録される。そして、運転が継続されると室温が安定化すると、燃焼量すなわちガス流量が比例制御により減少方向に制御される。その後部屋のドアや窓を開放されたりすると、室温が徐々に低下しガス流量が比例制御により増加方向に制御される。この時流量変化判定手段１３で検出されない程度の増加流量の場合がある。このような流量変化判定手段１３で変化有りと判定できない微小な変化が長時間継続している時は、流量登録手段１４に登録されている流量と定期的に求めた平均流量とが不一致となる。このような時に別の器具が使用された場合、まず流量変化による変化流量分を、器具流量として流量登録手段１４に先に登録し、次に徐々に増加した流量分を登録流量合計値と平均流量との流量差分として流量差演算手段１６で求める。この流量差分は新しく流量登録する前に既に登録されていた器具の流量の変化流量として、流量補正判定手段１７によりまず先に流量差分を加算させるために出力する。流量登録手段１４の増加流量登録手段１４ａでは新規登録せずに前述の過去の登録流量に加算する。結果平均流量と登録合計流量とが一致する。また新しく登録する前の登録流量が複数存在する場合、徐々に増加した流量差分は登録流量のうちの大きい方に加算する。即ち大きい流量の器具の方が比例制御等の電子制御搭載の場合が多いためである。 When using the water heater 4 while the gas table 8 or the gas fan heater 9 is in use, when it is used for floor heating or the like, the initial water temperature is high when the load at the initial stage of operation is large, when the load at the stable state is small, or at the shower. When the hot water temperature stabilizes when the difference between the temperature and the set temperature is large, the amount of combustion changes greatly. In such a case, the increased flow rate registration unit 14a of the flow rate registration unit 14 registers the increased flow rate of the gas table 8 and the gas fan heater 9, and further registers the flow rate of the water heater 4. In the initial stage of operation of the water heater 4, the flow rate of use of the water heater 4 is changed and the average flow rate value at this time is registered in the flow rate registration means 14 as a registered flow rate. When the operation is continued, when the room temperature is stabilized, the combustion amount, that is, the gas flow rate is controlled in a decreasing direction by proportional control. Thereafter, when the door or window of the room is opened, the room temperature gradually decreases, and the gas flow rate is controlled in the increasing direction by proportional control. At this time, there is a case where the flow rate increases so as not to be detected by the flow rate change determination means 13. When such a minute change that cannot be determined by the flow rate change determination unit 13 continues for a long time, the flow rate registered in the flow rate registration unit 14 and the average flow rate obtained periodically do not match. . When another device is used at such a time, first, the flow rate change due to the flow rate change is first registered in the flow rate registration means 14 as the device flow rate, and then the gradually increased flow rate amount is added to the registered flow rate total value and the average. The flow rate difference calculating means 16 obtains the flow rate difference from the flow rate. This flow rate difference is output as a change flow rate of the flow rate of the instrument already registered before newly registering the flow rate so that the flow rate correction determination means 17 first adds the flow rate difference first. The increased flow rate registering unit 14a of the flow rate registering unit 14 adds to the previous registered flow rate without newly registering. The result average flow rate matches the registered total flow rate. When there are a plurality of registered flow rates before new registration, the gradually increased flow rate difference is added to the larger of the registered flow rates. In other words, a large flow rate instrument is often equipped with electronic control such as proportional control.
そして、異常判定手段１８はこの再設定された登録流量で監視値記憶手段１９内の該当の使用時間制限時間を参照して使用器具を監視する。監視時間が経過し異常発生時、遮断手段２０を作動させてガスの供給を停止することで安全性を確保するようにしている。 Then, the abnormality determination means 18 monitors the used appliance with reference to the corresponding use time limit time in the monitor value storage means 19 with the reset registered flow rate. When the monitoring time elapses and an abnormality occurs, safety is ensured by operating the shut-off means 20 and stopping the gas supply.
なお、本実施の形態に使用した数値限定は一例であり、又使用形態も本実施の形態に限定されるものではない。 It should be noted that the numerical limitation used in the present embodiment is an example, and the usage pattern is not limited to this embodiment.
以上のように、流量変化判定手段１３で所定以上の流量変化が検出されない時に徐々に流量の増加変化がある場合、何らかの器具使用のタイミングにより、既に登録されている器具の制御による変化流量と判定して、まず流量差分を登録された器具流量に加算補正し、流量登録手段１４の合計値と変化検出直前の実際の使用中の器具流量とを一致させた状態で流量変化に対応した流量登録処理を行い、その上で最大の登録流量を異常判定手段１８で監視することができ、使用器具に対応した適切な使用制限機能を確保することでき、微少流量変化した流量の器具を使用停止、或いは流量減少された場合、誤って微少流量変化した流量値を器具と間違って再登録しその流量で使用時間監視することによる誤遮断を防止でき、又器具の異常使用であるのに遅くする遮断したり、逆に早期に遮断するのを防止でき、安全性や信頼性が極めて高く、かつ早期遮断によるガス事業者の不要な出動を削減することができ、使い勝手が高い。 As described above, when there is a gradual increase in the flow rate when the flow rate change determination unit 13 does not detect a flow rate change greater than or equal to the predetermined value, it is determined that the flow rate has changed due to the control of the already registered device depending on the timing of using the device. First, the flow rate difference is added and corrected to the registered appliance flow rate, and the flow rate registration corresponding to the flow rate change is performed in a state where the total value of the flow rate registration means 14 and the actual appliance flow rate in use immediately before the change detection are matched. The processing can be performed, and the maximum registered flow rate can be monitored by the abnormality determination means 18, and an appropriate use restriction function corresponding to the device used can be secured. Alternatively, if the flow rate is reduced, erroneously re-registering the flow value that has changed slightly due to the minute flow rate and monitoring the usage time at that flow rate can prevent erroneous shut-off. However, it is possible to prevent late shut-off and early shut-off, which is extremely safe and reliable, and can reduce unnecessary dispatch of gas companies due to early shut-off. .
以上のように、本発明に係るガス遮断装置は、使用量が微少に変化する器具の使用時間の制限機能を適切化に図るものであり、微少な水量制御が生ずる水道メータでの水量監視や器具の電流制御による器具毎の電流監視を行うディジタル電力メータの器具毎の使用電気量監視等の器具監視装置全般に適用できるものである。 As described above, the gas shut-off device according to the present invention is intended to optimize the function of limiting the usage time of appliances whose usage is slightly changed. The present invention can be applied to all appliance monitoring devices such as monitoring the amount of electricity used for each appliance of a digital power meter that monitors the current for each appliance by controlling the current of the appliance.
１０ 流量検出手段
１１ 流量演算手段
１２ 平均流量演算手段
１３ 流量変化判定手段
１４ 流量登録手段
１５ 登録流量合計手段
１６ 流量差演算手段
１７ 流量補正判定手段
１８ 異常判定手段
１９ 監視値記憶手段
２０ 遮断手段
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Flow rate detection means 11 Flow rate calculation means 12 Average flow rate calculation means 13 Flow rate change determination means 14 Flow rate registration means 15 Registered flow rate total means 16 Flow rate difference calculation means 17 Flow rate correction determination means 18 Abnormality determination means 19 Monitor value storage means 20 Shut off means
Claims (2)
流量を所定周期ごとに計測する流量検出手段と、
前記流量検出手段の検出値より瞬時流量値を演算する流量演算手段と、
前記流量演算手段で求めた所定個数の瞬時流量より平均流量を求める平均流量演算手段と、
求めた平均流量の今回値と前回値より器具変化流量の有無を判定する流量変化判定手段と、
前記流量変化判定手段で増加変化判定時は流量変化分を流量登録し、又、減少変化判定時は流量変化分に近い登録流量を削除する流量登録手段と、
登録流量の合計値を演算する登録流量合計手段と、
前記登録流量合計手段の登録流量の合計値と前記平均流量で求めた平均流量とから流量差を求める流量差演算手段と、
前記流量変化判定手段で減少変化を判定した時、登録流量の合計値よりも平均流量の前回値が大きい場合は、登録流量の合計値と平均流量の前回値で求めた流量差を先に流量登録の最大流量値に加算処理し、その後検出した減少流量に近い登録流量の削除を行う流量補正判定手段と、
器具の使用状態を監視する判定値を記憶する監視値記憶手段と、
流量登録手段の登録流量と監視値記憶手段の判定値とから異常の有無を判定する異常判定手段と、
前記異常判定手段で異常判定成立時ガスの供給を遮断する遮断手段と、
を備えたガス遮断装置。 A gas shut-off device that monitors the usage status of a plurality of gas appliances and shuts off the gas supply when an abnormality occurs.
Flow rate detection means for measuring the flow rate at predetermined intervals ;
A flow rate calculation means for calculating an instantaneous flow rate value from a detection value of the flow rate detection means;
Average flow rate calculating means for obtaining an average flow rate from a predetermined number of instantaneous flow rates obtained by the flow rate calculating means;
A flow rate change determination means for determining the presence or absence of the appliance change flow rate from the current value and the previous value of the obtained average flow rate,
When increasing the change determination by the flow change determination unit flow rate variation and flow rate registration, also reduces the change determination time is a flow registering means for deleting the registration flow rate close to the rate variation,
A registered flow total means for calculating the total value of the registered flow;
A flow rate difference calculating means for obtaining a flow rate difference from a total value of registered flow rates of the registered flow rate summing means and an average flow rate obtained from the average flow rate ;
When it is judged the reduced change in the flow rate change decision unit, when than the sum of the registered flow rate greater previous value of the average flow, the flow rate the flow rate difference obtained in the previous value of the average flow rate and the total value of registered flow rate above and adding process to the maximum flow rate value of the registration, and then cormorant row to delete the registered flow rate near the detected decrease flow rate correction determination means,
Monitoring value storage means for storing a judgment value for monitoring the use state of the appliance;
An abnormality determination means for determining the presence or absence of abnormality from the registered flow rate of the flow rate registration means and the determination value of the monitoring value storage means;
A shut-off means for shutting off the supply of gas when the abnormality judgment is established by the abnormality judgment means ;
Gas shut-off device with
A program for causing a computer to function as all or part of means of the gas shut-off device according to claim 1.
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| EP10735657A EP2383513A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 | 2010-01-28 | Gas shutoff device |
| US13/147,032 US20120016527A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 | 2010-01-28 | Gas shutoff device |
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| JPH0567283A (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 1993-03-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Device for discriminating flow rate change |
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