JP5298289B2 - Removal equipment - Google Patents

Removal equipment Download PDF

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JP5298289B2
JP5298289B2 JP2008081676A JP2008081676A JP5298289B2 JP 5298289 B2 JP5298289 B2 JP 5298289B2 JP 2008081676 A JP2008081676 A JP 2008081676A JP 2008081676 A JP2008081676 A JP 2008081676A JP 5298289 B2 JP5298289 B2 JP 5298289B2
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elastic blade
rotating bodies
pair
elastic
blades
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JP2009232730A (en
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克典 後藤
哲史 ▲高▼橋
淳 山川
宏幸 遠藤
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YAMAGATA PREFECTURAL GOVERNMENT
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YAMAGATA PREFECTURAL GOVERNMENT
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shelling apparatus suitable for high-speed operation while maintaining high shelling performance. <P>SOLUTION: An upper rotator 3a and a lower rotator 3b are vertically arranged in parallel at an interval for insertion of green soybean stock and rotated in mutually reverse directions. Four elastic blades of an upper and a lower elastic blades 30a and 30b alternately equipped with projected parts 31a and 31b and recessed parts 32a and 32b in the axial direction are fixed in the peripheral direction of each rotator at intervals on a pair of the upper and lower rotators 3a and 3b. The rotators 3a and 3b are rotated and synchronized so that at the shelling position, the projected part 31a of the upper elastic blade 30a and the projected part 31b of the lower elastic blade 30b are superimposed at an fixed interval L in the peripheral directions of the rotators 3a and 3b. The fixed interval L is an interval in which the upper elastic blade 30a is brought into contact with the lower elastic blade 30b and supported when the projected part 31a of the upper elastic blade 30a is elastically deformed by reaction force of pod in shelling. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、莢付きの茎体を有する作物の株より莢をもぎ取る脱莢装置に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dehulling device that strips straw from a crop stock having a stem with a hook.

特許文献１では、エダマメの脱莢装置において、先端部が平らな弾性体で形成された上下一対の回転ブレードを並行に配置し、莢付きの茎体を有するエダマメ株が挟みこめる隙間を空け、回転同期させている。
そして、脱莢位置にて、上下一対のブレード先端部によりエダマメ株の茎体を挟みこみ、ブレード先端部の弾性摩擦力を莢に作用させ、あるいは、各回転ブレードを直接的に莢に衝突させて、エダマメ株の上下側の莢をもぎ取っている。
特開平０６−００７１３４号公報 In Patent Document 1, in the edamame removal apparatus, a pair of upper and lower rotating blades formed of an elastic body having a flat tip is arranged in parallel, and a gap is inserted between the edamame stock having a stalk with a hook, The rotation is synchronized.
Then, at the unhulling position, the stems of Edamame strain are sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower blade tips, and the elastic frictional force of the blade tips is applied to the kite, or each rotating blade is directly collided with the kite. The upper and lower buds of the Edamame strain are being scraped off.
JP-A-06-007134

しかしながら、特許文献１記載の技術では、以下の問題点が残る。
分枝の多いエダマメ株では、莢が枝と枝との間に挟まれるので、ブレード先端部の弾性摩擦力が莢に作用しづらくなり、脱莢性能が低下する。
また、ブレード先端部が平らであるので、一対のブレード先端部の隙間に複数のエダマメ株を供給する際、株の供給速度を上げるほど、株と株との時間的間隔が短くなり、一対のブレード先端部の隙間が小さく復元しないまま次の莢を迎えることになる。このため、一対のブレード先端部の隙間を通過する莢が増加し、脱莢性能が低下する。 However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
In the Edamame strain with many branches, since the cocoon is sandwiched between the branches, the elastic frictional force of the blade tip portion is difficult to act on the cocoon, and the dehulling performance is lowered.
Also, since the blade tip is flat, when supplying a plurality of Edamame strains to the gap between the pair of blade tips, the time interval between the strain and the strain decreases as the strain supply speed increases. The gap between the blade tips will be small and will not be restored. For this reason, the wrinkles that pass through the gap between the pair of blade tips increase, and the dehulling performance decreases.

本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑みて、脱莢性能を高く維持しつつ、高速作業にも適した脱莢装置を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a dehuller suitable for high-speed work while maintaining high dehulling performance.

そのため本発明では、莢付きの茎体を有する作物の株を挿入可能な間隔で並行に配置され、互いに逆方向に回転する一対の第１及び第２の回転体と、第１及び第２の回転体にそれぞれ固定され、第１及び第２の回転体の半径方向外側にそれぞれ延び、第１及び第２の回転体の軸方向にそれぞれに所定の隙間を有する少なくとも一対の凸部を備えた第１及び第２の弾性ブレードと、を備える。   Therefore, in the present invention, a pair of first and second rotating bodies, which are arranged in parallel at intervals that allow insertion of crop stock having a stem with a hook, and rotate in opposite directions, and the first and second At least a pair of convex portions each fixed to the rotating body, extending outward in the radial direction of the first and second rotating bodies, and having a predetermined gap in the axial direction of the first and second rotating bodies, respectively. First and second elastic blades.

そして、第１及び第２の弾性ブレードが、脱莢位置にて、第１及び第２の回転体の周方向に所定間隔を空けて重なるように、第１及び第２の回転体を回転同期させる。
ここにおいて、所定間隔とは、脱莢時の莢の反力により第１の弾性ブレードの凸部が弾性変形する際に、第１の弾性ブレードが第２の弾性ブレードに当接支持される間隔である。 Then, the first and second rotating bodies are rotationally synchronized so that the first and second elastic blades overlap each other at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the first and second rotating bodies at the unwinding position. Let
Here, the predetermined interval is an interval at which the first elastic blade comes into contact with and is supported by the second elastic blade when the convex portion of the first elastic blade is elastically deformed by the reaction force of the heel at the time of removal. It is.

本発明によれば、第１及び第２の弾性ブレードが、第１及び第２の回転体の軸方向に所定の隙間を有する少なくとも一対の凸部を備えているので、この所定の隙間に茎体を挟みこみつつ、凸部を直接的に莢に衝突させて、莢をもぎ取ることができる。この場合、凸部はより深く作物の株の中に侵入することができ、莢の取り残しを少なくすることができる。   According to the present invention, since the first and second elastic blades include at least a pair of convex portions having a predetermined gap in the axial direction of the first and second rotating bodies, the stem is placed in the predetermined gap. While sandwiching the body, the convex part can be directly collided with the heel to tear off the heel. In this case, the convex portion can penetrate deeper into the crop stock, and the amount of leftovers can be reduced.

また本発明によれば、脱莢時の莢の反力により第１の弾性ブレードの凸部が弾性変形する際に、第１の弾性ブレードが第２の弾性ブレードに当接支持されることにより、各弾性ブレードが独立して莢をもぎ取る場合に比べ、強い弾性摩擦力で莢をもぎ取ることができる。このため、枝と枝との間に挟まれた莢をも効果的にもぎ取ることができる。   Further, according to the present invention, when the convex portion of the first elastic blade is elastically deformed by the reaction force of the heel at the time of removal, the first elastic blade is abutted and supported by the second elastic blade. As compared with the case where each elastic blade independently tears off the wrinkles, the wrinkles can be removed with a strong elastic frictional force. For this reason, the wrinkles sandwiched between the branches can be effectively removed.

以下に本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。尚、本明細書及び図面において、符号の添え字「ａ」は上側を示し、「ｂ」は下側を示す。
図１は本発明の一実施形態における脱莢装置を示す。
本実施形態における脱莢装置は、莢付きの茎体を有するエダマメ株から莢をもぎ取るものであり、複数のエダマメ株１の茎体の根元部を挟持しつつ、連続的に移送する移送装置２と、エダマメ株１を挿入可能な間隔で並行に配置され、互いに逆方向に回転する上下一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂと、各回転体３ａ、３ｂにそれぞれ固定され、エダマメ株１より莢をもぎ取る弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂと、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの駆動源である回転駆動装置４と、を主に備えている。ここで、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂは、第１の回転体である上側の回転体３ａと、第２の回転体である下側の回転体３ｂと、を示す。また、弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂは、第１の弾性ブレードである上側の弾性ブレード３０ａと、第２の弾性ブレードである下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂと、を示す。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present specification and drawings, the subscript “a” indicates the upper side, and “b” indicates the lower side.
FIG. 1 shows a dehulling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The dehulling device in the present embodiment is a device that tears off the pods from the edamame stock having a stalk with a rod, and the transfer device 2 that continuously transfers the pedicles of a plurality of edamame strains 1 while sandwiching the roots thereof. And a pair of upper and lower rotating bodies 3a and 3b that are arranged in parallel at intervals that can be inserted, and are fixed to the rotating bodies 3a and 3b, respectively. It mainly includes elastic blades 30a and 30b and a rotation driving device 4 that is a driving source for the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b. Here, the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b represent an upper rotating body 3a that is a first rotating body and a lower rotating body 3b that is a second rotating body. The elastic blades 30a and 30b indicate an upper elastic blade 30a that is a first elastic blade and a lower elastic blade 30b that is a second elastic blade.

本実施形態では、移送装置２の搬入側２Ａから搬出側２Ｂへ向かうほど、移送装置２と一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂとの対向距離が近接するように、移送装置２の移送方向と一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向とを傾斜させている。そして、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂ間に挿入されたエダマメ株１は、その茎体の根元部が移送装置２により挟持されて、移送される。従って、エダマメ株１が移送装置２により移送されるほど、エダマメ株１の脱莢位置は、株の先端側から根元側へ移動する。   In this embodiment, the transfer direction of the transfer device 2 and the pair of the transfer devices 2 are set so that the facing distance between the transfer device 2 and the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b becomes closer toward the carry-out side 2B from the carry-in side 2A of the transfer device 2. The rotating bodies 3a and 3b are inclined with respect to the axial direction. Then, the green soybean stock 1 inserted between the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b is transported while the root portion of the stem body is sandwiched by the transport device 2. Therefore, as the green soybean stock 1 is transferred by the transfer device 2, the unhulled position of the green soybean stock 1 moves from the tip side to the root side of the stock.

ここで、移送装置２の構成について、図２を用いて説明する。
移送装置２に備えられた駆動スプロケット２１、従動スプロケット２２、スプロケット２３及びガイドスプロケット２４には、ローラチェーン２５が巻き掛けられている。このローラチェーン２５には、図示しない駆動装置の回転が、駆動スプロケット２１を介して伝達される。 Here, the structure of the transfer apparatus 2 is demonstrated using FIG.
A roller chain 25 is wound around the drive sprocket 21, the driven sprocket 22, the sprocket 23, and the guide sprocket 24 provided in the transfer device 2. The rotation of a driving device (not shown) is transmitted to the roller chain 25 via the driving sprocket 21.

ローラチェーン２５の上方には、ローラチェーン２５の上側にてエダマメ株１の茎体の根元部を挟持するために用いられる挟持装置２６が設けられている。この挟持装置２６は、ローラチェーン２５と、スプリング等の付勢手段によりローラチェーン２５に向けて押圧付勢される挟持部材２７と、の間にエダマメ株１の茎体の根元部を挟持する。
図１に戻り、回転駆動装置４の回転は、動力伝達機構５を介して、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂに伝達され、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂは、互いに逆方向に回転する。 Above the roller chain 25, there is provided a clamping device 26 that is used to clamp the root portion of the stem of the green soybean stock 1 on the upper side of the roller chain 25. This clamping device 26 clamps the root portion of the stem of the green bean stock 1 between the roller chain 25 and a clamping member 27 that is pressed and biased toward the roller chain 25 by biasing means such as a spring.
Returning to FIG. 1, the rotation of the rotation driving device 4 is transmitted to the pair of rotating bodies 3 a and 3 b via the power transmission mechanism 5, and the pair of rotating bodies 3 a and 3 b rotate in directions opposite to each other.

次に、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの詳細について、図３及び図４を用いて説明する。
図３に示すように、上側の回転体３ａには、その一端部から他端部に延び、軸方向に凸部３１ａと凹部３２ａとを交互に備え、半径方向外側に延びる上側の弾性ブレード３０ａが、上側の回転体３ａの周方向に複数個（４個）、中心角９０°毎の間隔を介して固定されている。これと同様に、凸部３１ｂと凹部３２ｂとを備える下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂが、下側の回転体３ｂに固定されている。弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂはゴム製であり、弾性ブレード用のゴムは、脱莢性能の他、莢への損傷を考慮して選定される。 Next, the detail of a pair of rotary body 3a, 3b is demonstrated using FIG.3 and FIG.4.
As shown in FIG. 3, the upper rotating body 3 a has an upper elastic blade 30 a that extends from one end portion to the other end portion, and alternately includes convex portions 31 a and concave portions 32 a in the axial direction and extends radially outward. Are fixed in the circumferential direction of the upper rotating body 3a by a plurality (four pieces) at intervals of 90 ° of the central angle. Similarly, a lower elastic blade 30b having a convex portion 31b and a concave portion 32b is fixed to the lower rotating body 3b. The elastic blades 30a and 30b are made of rubber, and the rubber for the elastic blade is selected in consideration of the demolding performance and damage to the heel.

本実施形態では、弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂに備えられた一対の凸部３１ａ、３１ｂの所定の隙間として凹部３２ａ、３２ｂが設けられている。
弾性ブレードの凸部３１ａ、３１ｂは、各々の先端が、先細まり形状になっている。これにより、エダマメ株１の茎体を、弾性ブレードの凹部３２ａ、３２ｂの入口部から内部へと円滑に導くことが可能である。 In the present embodiment, concave portions 32a and 32b are provided as predetermined gaps between the pair of convex portions 31a and 31b provided in the elastic blades 30a and 30b.
The convex portions 31a and 31b of the elastic blade are tapered at their tips. As a result, the stem body of Edamame strain 1 can be smoothly guided from the inlet portions of the recesses 32a and 32b of the elastic blade to the inside.

本実施形態では、弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂとして、図４（イ）に示すように、一対の凸部３１ａ、３１ｂが凹部３２ａ、３２ｂを介して一体に形成されたものを単体構成として用い、これを一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向に複数個設けることも可能である。この場合は、弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂを、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向にそれぞれ複数個、連続してもしくは間隔を介して設ける。   In this embodiment, as the elastic blades 30a and 30b, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), a pair of convex portions 31a and 31b formed integrally via the concave portions 32a and 32b is used as a single unit configuration. It is also possible to provide a plurality of these in the axial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b. In this case, a plurality of elastic blades 30a and 30b are provided in the axial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b, respectively, continuously or at intervals.

本実施形態では、図４（ロ）に示すように、弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂを一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの周方向にそれぞれ複数個（４個）、中心角９０°毎の間隔を介して固定する固定部材３３を複数備え、これら固定部材３３を一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向に間隔を介して並べて一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂに装着することも可能である。この際、隣り合う固定部材３３の間にスペーサー３４を配設することで、隣り合う固定部材３３の間隔の調整を行うことが可能である。   In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4B, a plurality (four) of elastic blades 30a and 30b are provided in the circumferential direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b, respectively, at intervals of 90 ° of the central angle. It is also possible to provide a plurality of fixing members 33 to be fixed, and to fix the fixing members 33 to the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b in a line in the axial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b. At this time, by arranging the spacer 34 between the adjacent fixing members 33, it is possible to adjust the interval between the adjacent fixing members 33.

上側の弾性ブレード３０ａの凸部３１ａと、下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂの凸部３１ｂとは、図３に示すように、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの間の脱莢位置にて、回転方向つまり一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの周方向に所定間隔Ｌ（後述の図５参照）を空けて重なるように、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂを回転同期させる。
次に、脱莢位置での弾性ブレードの状態と所定間隔Ｌについて、図５及び図６を用いて説明する。 As shown in FIG. 3, the convex portion 31a of the upper elastic blade 30a and the convex portion 31b of the lower elastic blade 30b are rotated in the unwinding position between the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b. The pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b are rotationally synchronized so as to overlap each other with a predetermined interval L (see FIG. 5 described later) in the circumferential direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b.
Next, the state of the elastic blade at the unhulling position and the predetermined interval L will be described with reference to FIGS.

図５と図６とは共に、脱莢位置での弾性ブレードの位置関係及び脱莢状態を示す。ここで、図５及び図６に示す矢印は、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂのそれぞれの回転方向を示しており、本実施形態では、弾性ブレードの凸部３１ａ、３１ｂが、エダマメ株１の根元側から先端側へ向かって莢に衝突するように、回転方向を設定している。これにより、回転する弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂにより、エダマメ株１の先端側に向けて、莢がもぎ取られる。   Both FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the positional relationship of the elastic blade and the dehulled state at the unhulled position. Here, the arrows shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 indicate the respective rotation directions of the pair of rotating bodies 3 a and 3 b, and in this embodiment, the convex portions 31 a and 31 b of the elastic blade are the roots of the green soybean stock 1. The direction of rotation is set so as to collide with the heel from the side toward the tip side. As a result, the wrinkles are scraped off toward the tip of the green soybean stock 1 by the rotating elastic blades 30a and 30b.

一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの間にエダマメ株１が挿入されていない場合は、図５に示すように、脱莢位置にて、上側の弾性ブレード３０ａの凸部３１ａと、下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂの凸部３１ｂとの間に、所定間隔Ｌを空けて、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂを回転同期させる。
ここで、所定間隔Ｌは、以下のように設定する。 When the shrimp strain 1 is not inserted between the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b, as shown in FIG. 5, the convex portion 31a of the upper elastic blade 30a and the lower elastic blade are removed at the unwinding position. The pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b are rotationally synchronized with a predetermined interval L between the convex portion 31b of 30b.
Here, the predetermined interval L is set as follows.

一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの間にエダマメ株１が挿入されている場合は、図６に示すように、上側の弾性ブレード３０ａの凸部３１ａが莢に衝突し、反り返る。この反り返りを、下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂの凸部３１ｂで支えることが可能な間隔を、所定間隔Ｌとして設定する。すなわち、所定間隔Ｌは、脱莢時の莢の反力により上側の弾性ブレード３０ａの凸部３１ａが弾性変形する際に、上側の弾性ブレード３０ａが下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂに当接支持される間隔である。   When the green soybean stock 1 is inserted between the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b, as shown in FIG. 6, the convex portion 31a of the upper elastic blade 30a collides with the ridge and warps. An interval at which this warping can be supported by the convex portion 31b of the lower elastic blade 30b is set as a predetermined interval L. That is, the predetermined interval L is such that when the convex portion 31a of the upper elastic blade 30a is elastically deformed by the reaction force of the heel at the time of detachment, the upper elastic blade 30a is abutted and supported by the lower elastic blade 30b. It is an interval.

次に、本実施形態における脱莢装置の動作について、図１、図２及び図６を参照しつつ、説明する。
エダマメ株１は、移送装置２の搬入側２Ａにてローラチェーン２５と挟持装置２６とにより株の茎体の根元部を挟持され、搬出側２Ｂに向かって移送される（図１、図２）。エダマメ株１は、移送されながら、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの間に挿入される（図１、図６）。本実施形態では、移送装置２の搬入側２Ａから搬出側２Ｂへ向かうほど、移送装置２と一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂとの対向距離が近接するように、移送装置２と一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂとを配置しているので、エダマメ株１の移送が進むほど、上下一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの間の脱莢位置はエダマメ株１の根元側に移っていく（図１）。脱莢位置では、上側の弾性ブレード３０ａと下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂとが協働してエダマメ株１から莢をもぎ取る（図６）。この際、莢に当たる衝撃は、上側の弾性ブレード３０ａの凸部３１ａの反り返りで吸収し、その反り返りを、下側の弾性ブレード３０ｂの凸部３１ｂで支え、強い弾性摩擦力で莢をもぎ取る（図６）。これは、エダマメ株１の枝と枝との間に挟まれた莢をも強力にもぎ取ることを可能にしている。従って、莢の損傷を抑えかつ脱莢性能が低下しないので、エダマメ株１の供給速度を上げることができる。 Next, operation | movement of the dehulling apparatus in this embodiment is demonstrated, referring FIG.1, FIG.2 and FIG.6.
The shrimp strain 1 is sandwiched between the roller chain 25 and the clamping device 26 at the carry-in side 2A of the transfer device 2 and is transferred toward the carry-out side 2B (FIGS. 1 and 2). . The green soybean stock 1 is inserted between the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b while being transferred (FIGS. 1 and 6). In the present embodiment, the transfer device 2 and the pair of rotators 3a are arranged such that the facing distance between the transfer device 2 and the pair of rotators 3a and 3b becomes closer toward the unload side 2B from the carry-in side 2A of the transfer device 2. 3b is arranged, so that the removal position between the pair of upper and lower rotating bodies 3a, 3b moves to the root side of the Edamame strain 1 as the transfer of the Edamame strain 1 proceeds (FIG. 1). At the unhulling position, the upper elastic blade 30a and the lower elastic blade 30b cooperate to tear off the straw from the shrimp strain 1 (FIG. 6). At this time, the impact hitting the heel is absorbed by the warping of the convex portion 31a of the upper elastic blade 30a, the warping is supported by the convex portion 31b of the lower elastic blade 30b, and the heel is removed by a strong elastic frictional force (see FIG. 6). This makes it possible to powerfully tear off the ridges sandwiched between the branches of Edamame strain 1. Therefore, since the damage of the cocoon is suppressed and the dehulling performance is not lowered, the supply speed of the green soybean stock 1 can be increased.

弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂは、少なくとも一対の凸部３１ａ、３１ｂが凹部３２ａ、３２ｂを介して一体に形成されていることにより、凹部３２ａ、３２ｂでの莢のもぎ取りが可能となり、脱莢性能を向上させることができる。しかし、必ずしも凹部を要することなく、少なくとも一対の凸部を独立構成してもよい。
弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂは、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向にそれぞれ複数設けられていることにより、凸部３１ａ、３１ｂが損傷した場合、損傷した凸部３１ａ、３１ｂを含む弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂのみを交換するだけで済むので、弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂの有効活用が図れる。 The elastic blades 30a and 30b have at least a pair of convex portions 31a and 31b formed integrally with the concave portions 32a and 32b, so that it is possible to tear off the wrinkles at the concave portions 32a and 32b, thereby improving the dehulling performance. Can be made. However, at least a pair of convex portions may be independently configured without necessarily requiring a concave portion.
By providing a plurality of elastic blades 30a and 30b in the axial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b, when the convex portions 31a and 31b are damaged, the elastic blade 30a including the damaged convex portions 31a and 31b, Since only 30b needs to be replaced, the elastic blades 30a and 30b can be effectively used.

弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂは、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの周方向にそれぞれ複数個（４個）、間隔を介して設けられるので、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの単位回転あたりの脱莢回数を複数回にすることができ、高効率な脱莢を実現することができる。
弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂを一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの周方向にそれぞれ複数個、間隔を介して固定する固定部材３３を複数備え、これら固定部材３３をそれぞれ一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向に並べて装着する。これにより、弾性ブレードの凸部３１ａ、３１ｂの軸方向の位置決めが容易となり、相対する弾性ブレード相互が最適な位置で重なるようにすることができる。 Since the elastic blades 30a and 30b are provided in plural (4 pieces) in the circumferential direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b with a space therebetween, the number of unwinding times per unit rotation of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b is determined. It can be performed a plurality of times, and highly efficient dehulling can be realized.
A plurality of elastic members 30a, 30b are provided in the circumferential direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a, 3b, and a plurality of fixing members 33 are provided at intervals, and these fixing members 33 are respectively arranged in the axial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a, 3b. Install side by side. This facilitates the positioning of the convex portions 31a and 31b of the elastic blade in the axial direction, and the opposing elastic blades can overlap at an optimum position.

弾性ブレードの凸部３１ａ、３１ｂは、その先端が先細まり形状であることにより、エダマメ株１の茎体を、弾性ブレードの凹部３２ａ、３２ｂの入口部から内部へと円滑に導くことができる。
エダマメの少なくとも１つの茎体を挟持してエダマメ株１を移送する移送装置２を備え、移送装置２の移送方向と、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向とを傾斜させるので、複数のエダマメ株１から連続的に莢をもぎ取ることができると共に、株の脱莢位置を茎方向に連続的に移動させることができる。 The convex portions 31a and 31b of the elastic blade have a tapered tip, so that the stem of the shrimp strain 1 can be smoothly guided from the inlet portions of the concave portions 32a and 32b of the elastic blade to the inside.
A transfer device 2 that transfers at least one stem of green beans is transferred and the transfer direction of the transfer device 2 and the axial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b are inclined, so that a plurality of green beans It is possible to continuously tear off the cocoon from the strain 1 and to continuously move the dehulling position of the strain in the stem direction.

弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂを、各回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向に設ける他、各回転体３ａ、３ｂに、らせん状に配設することも可能である。
弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂとして、プラスチック製の弾性ブレードを用いることも可能である。この場合、弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂの表面に粗面加工を施すことにより、その表面での摩擦抵抗が増え、脱莢性能を向上させることが可能である。 In addition to providing the elastic blades 30a and 30b in the axial direction of the rotating bodies 3a and 3b, the rotating blades 3a and 3b can be spirally arranged.
It is also possible to use plastic elastic blades as the elastic blades 30a and 30b. In this case, by subjecting the surfaces of the elastic blades 30a and 30b to roughening, it is possible to increase the frictional resistance on the surfaces and improve the dehulling performance.

尚、本実施形態では、一対の第１及び第２の回転体を上下方向に配置した場合で説明したが、これに限定するものではなく、例えば左右方向に配置する等、配置方向を特定するものではない。
また、本実施形態では、移送装置の移送方向と一対の回転体の軸方向とを傾斜させて配置し、移送装置を用いてエダマメ株を移送させることにより株の脱莢位置を移動させてエダマメ株の全体脱莢を実現しているが、エダマメ株の脱莢位置を移動させる手法はこれに限るものではない。すなわち、エダマメ株の全体脱莢のためにエダマメ株の脱莢位置を移動させる際、エダマメ株の位置と一対の回転体の位置とが相対的に移動すればよく、例えば、エダマメ株の茎体の根元部を挟持して固定しつつ、一対の回転体をエダマメ株の茎方向に移動させることにより、エダマメ株の位置と一対の回転体の位置とを相対的に移動させることもできる。 In the present embodiment, the case where the pair of first and second rotating bodies are arranged in the vertical direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the arrangement direction is specified, for example, in the horizontal direction. It is not a thing.
Further, in the present embodiment, the transfer device and the pair of rotating bodies are arranged so as to be inclined with respect to each other, and the stock is transferred using the transfer device to move the stock removal position so that Although the entire stock removal has been realized, the method of moving the removal position of Edamame stock is not limited to this. That is, when moving the green soybean stocks to move the whole green soybean roots, the position of the green soybean strains and the position of the pair of rotating bodies need only be relatively moved. By moving the pair of rotating bodies in the direction of the stem of the green soybean stock while sandwiching and fixing the root portion of the green soybean, the position of the green soybean stock and the position of the pair of rotating bodies can be relatively moved.

また、本実施形態では、莢付きの茎体を有する作物としてエダマメを用いたが、これに限るものではなく、例えばソラマメなどの豆類のように、莢付きの茎体を有する作物について、本発明は適用可能である。
以上のように、莢付きの茎体を有する作物の株を挿入可能な間隔で並行に配置され、互いに逆方向に回転する一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂと、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂにそれぞれ固定され、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの半径方向外側にそれぞれ延び、一対の回転体３ａ、３ｂの軸方向にそれぞれに所定の隙間（例えば、凹部３２ａ、３２ｂ）を有する少なくとも一対の凸部３１ａ、３１ｂを備えた弾性ブレード３０ａ、３０ｂと、を備えるので、弾性ブレードの所定の隙間（例えば、凹部３２ａ、３２ｂ）に茎体を挟みこみつつ、弾性ブレードの凸部３１ａ、３１ｂを直接的に莢に衝突させて、莢をもぎ取ることができる。この場合、凸部３１ａ、３１ｂはより深く作物の株の中に侵入することができ、莢の取り残しを少なくすることができる。 Further, in the present embodiment, green soybeans are used as a crop having a stem with a stem, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is applied to a crop having a stem with a stem, such as beans such as broad beans. Is applicable.
As described above, a pair of rotators 3a and 3b and a pair of rotators 3a and 3b that are arranged in parallel at intervals that allow insertion of crop stocks having a stem with a hook and rotate in opposite directions to each other, respectively. At least a pair of convex portions 31a that are fixed and extend outward in the radial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b and have predetermined gaps (for example, concave portions 32a and 32b) in the axial direction of the pair of rotating bodies 3a and 3b, respectively. , 31b, and elastic blades 30a, 30b, 31b, so that the protruding portions 31a, 31b of the elastic blade are directly connected to the elastic blades while sandwiching the stem body in a predetermined gap (for example, the concave portions 32a, 32b). You can hit the heel and tear it off. In this case, the convex portions 31a and 31b can penetrate deeper into the crop stock, and the amount of leftovers can be reduced.

本発明の一実施形態を示す脱莢装置の平面図The top view of the dehulling device which shows one Embodiment of this invention 移送装置の正面図Front view of transfer device 一対の回転体の斜視図A perspective view of a pair of rotating bodies 弾性ブレードの一例を示す図Diagram showing an example of an elastic blade 作物の株非挿入時の脱莢位置での弾性ブレードの位置関係及び脱莢状態を示す図The figure which shows the positional relationship and the dehulled state of the elastic blade at the unhulled position when the crop is not inserted 作物の株挿入時の脱莢位置での弾性ブレードの位置関係及び脱莢状態を示す図The figure which shows the positional relationship and the dehulled state of the elastic blade at the dehulling position when inserting the crop stock

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 莢付きの作物（エダマメ）の株
２ 移送装置
３ａ 上側の回転体（第１の回転体）
３ｂ 下側の回転体（第２の回転体）
４ 回転駆動装置
５ 動力伝達機構
２５ ローラチェーン
２６ 挟持装置
２７ 挟持部材
３０ａ 上側の弾性ブレード（第１の弾性ブレード）
３０ｂ 下側の弾性ブレード（第２の弾性ブレード）
３１ａ、３１ｂ 凸部
３２ａ、３２ｂ 凹部
３３ 固定部材
３４ スペーサー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Straw crop (edamame) 2 Transfer device 3a Upper rotating body (first rotating body)
3b Lower rotating body (second rotating body)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 Rotation drive device 5 Power transmission mechanism 25 Roller chain 26 Clamping device 27 Clamping member 30a Upper elastic blade (first elastic blade)
30b Lower elastic blade (second elastic blade)
31a, 31b Convex part 32a, 32b Concave part 33 Fixing member 34 Spacer

Claims (11)

莢付きの茎体を有する作物の株を挿入可能な間隔で並行に配置され、互いに逆方向に回転する一対の第１及び第２の回転体と、
前記第１及び第２の回転体にそれぞれ固定され、前記第１及び第２の回転体の半径方向外側にそれぞれ延び、前記第１及び第２の回転体の軸方向にそれぞれに所定の隙間を有する少なくとも一対の凸部を備えた第１及び第２の弾性ブレードと、
を備え、
前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードが、脱莢位置にて、前記第１及び第２の回転体の周方向に所定間隔を空けて重なるように、前記第１及び第２の回転体を回転同期させ、
前記所定間隔は、脱莢時の莢の反力により前記第１の弾性ブレードの凸部が弾性変形する際に、前記第１の弾性ブレードが前記第２の弾性ブレードに当接支持される間隔であることを特徴とする脱莢装置。 A pair of first and second rotating bodies that are arranged in parallel at intervals allowing insertion of a crop stock having a stem with a hook and rotate in opposite directions;
The first and second rotating bodies are fixed to the first and second rotating bodies, respectively, extend outward in the radial direction of the first and second rotating bodies, and a predetermined gap is provided in the axial direction of the first and second rotating bodies. First and second elastic blades having at least a pair of convex portions,
With
The first and second rotating blades rotate at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction of the first and second rotating bodies so that the first and second elastic blades overlap each other at a predetermined position. Synchronize,
The predetermined interval is an interval at which the first elastic blade comes into contact with and is supported by the second elastic blade when the convex portion of the first elastic blade is elastically deformed by the reaction force of the heel at the time of removal. A dehulling device, characterized in that 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードは、各々の少なくとも一対の前記凸部が凹部を介して一体に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の脱莢装置。   The said 1st and 2nd elastic blade, The at least pair of said convex part of each is integrally formed through the recessed part, The stripping apparatus of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードは、前記第１及び第２の回転体の軸方向にそれぞれ複数個設けられていることを特徴とする請求項２記載の脱莢装置。   3. The dehulling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the first and second elastic blades are provided in the axial direction of the first and second rotating bodies, respectively. 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードは、前記第１及び第２の回転体の周方向にそれぞれ複数個、間隔を介して設けられることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項３のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   The said 1st and 2nd elastic blade is provided in multiple numbers in the circumferential direction of the said 1st and 2nd rotary body respectively via the space | interval, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Dehatching device as described in one. 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードを前記第１及び第２の回転体の周方向にそれぞれ複数個、間隔を介して固定する固定部材を複数個備え、これら固定部材をそれぞれ前記第１及び第２の回転体に、その軸方向に並べて装着することを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項３のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   A plurality of fixing members for fixing the first and second elastic blades in the circumferential direction of the first and second rotating bodies and a plurality of fixing members are provided, respectively, and the fixing members are respectively provided for the first and second rotating blades. 4. The dehulling device according to claim 1, wherein the derotation device is attached to the two rotating bodies side by side in the axial direction thereof. 5. 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードは、前記第１及び第２の回転体に、らせん状に配設されることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項５のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   The said 1st and 2nd elastic blade is helically arrange | positioned by the said 1st and 2nd rotary body, The removal | desorption as described in any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Dredge equipment. 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードは、前記凸部の先端が先細まり形状であることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項６のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   The said 1st and 2nd elastic blade is a dehulling apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-6 in which the front-end | tip of the said convex part is a tapered shape. 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードは、ゴム又はプラスチックにより形成されることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項７のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   The said 1st and 2nd elastic blade is formed with rubber | gum or plastic, The dehulling apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-7 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記第１及び第２の弾性ブレードは、表面に粗面加工が施されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜８のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   The said 1st and 2nd elastic blade is roughening-processed on the surface, The dehulling apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-8 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記作物の少なくとも１つの茎体を挟持して前記作物の株を移送する移送装置を備え、前記移送装置の移送方向と、前記一対の第１及び第２の回転体の軸方向とを傾斜させることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項９のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   A transfer device that transfers the crop stock by sandwiching at least one stem of the crop is provided, and the transfer direction of the transfer device and the axial direction of the pair of first and second rotating bodies are inclined. The degaussing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: 前記作物は、エダマメであることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項１０のいずれか１つに記載の脱莢装置。   11. The dehulling device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the crop is green soybean.
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JP7283666B2 (en) * 2020-06-23 2023-05-30 株式会社クボタ crop harvester

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JP3018240B2 (en) * 1997-08-22 2000-03-13 株式会社ミツワ Edamame stripping device
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