JP5268152B2 - Hot water storage water heater - Google Patents

Hot water storage water heater Download PDF

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JP5268152B2
JP5268152B2 JP2009088799A JP2009088799A JP5268152B2 JP 5268152 B2 JP5268152 B2 JP 5268152B2 JP 2009088799 A JP2009088799 A JP 2009088799A JP 2009088799 A JP2009088799 A JP 2009088799A JP 5268152 B2 JP5268152 B2 JP 5268152B2
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hot water
water storage
storage tank
port
pipe
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JP2010242983A (en
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人司 下田
哲哉 斎藤
智 堀本
雅史 篠崎
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株式会社長府製作所
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a storage water heater capable of improving the COP (coefficient of performance) of the storage water heater and preventing accumulation of separated air within a hot water storage tank. <P>SOLUTION: First and second piping is communicated and connected with upper and lower parts of the hot water storage tank 1. The first piping is connected to a first port of a three-way valve 8 with three first to third ports, and the second piping is connected to the second port. A vent tube 26 for releasing overpressure within the hot water storage tank 1 is connected to the third port. An overpressure relief valve 10 is provided in the vent tube 26. A control device 33 performs opening control of the three-way valve 8 so that the second port and the third port are communicated with each other and the first port is blocked and switch control so that the first port and third port are intermittently communicated with each other, when hot water within the hot water storage tank 1 is boiled up by a heat pump 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、貯湯式給湯装置に関し、特に貯湯タンクの過圧を解放する際に過圧逃し弁から高温水が排水されることを極力防止し且つ貯湯タンク内に析出空気が蓄積されることも防止できる貯湯式給湯装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, and in particular, when releasing the overpressure of a hot water storage tank, high temperature water is prevented from being drained from an overpressure relief valve as much as possible, and the precipitated air is accumulated in the hot water storage tank. The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply device that can be prevented.

ヒートポンプ式給湯器や電気温水器のような貯湯式給湯装置では、ヒートポンプや電熱器等で沸き上げた温水を一旦貯湯タンクに蓄積しておき、必要に応じて貯湯タンクから風呂や給湯栓に温水の供給が行われる。そのため、沸上の際に貯湯タンク内の温水の温度が上昇するのに伴って、貯湯タンク内の湯水が膨張し内圧が上昇する。この上昇する内圧が一定の圧力を超えることがないように、貯湯タンクの過圧を解放するための過圧逃し弁が設けられている。この過圧逃し弁の取り付け方に関しては、特許文献１−６に記載のものが知られている。   In hot water storage water heaters such as heat pump water heaters and electric water heaters, hot water boiled by heat pumps, electric heaters, etc. is temporarily stored in hot water storage tanks, and hot water from hot water storage tanks to baths and hot water taps as needed. Is supplied. Therefore, as the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank rises during boiling, the hot water in the hot water storage tank expands and the internal pressure rises. An overpressure relief valve for releasing the overpressure of the hot water storage tank is provided so that the rising internal pressure does not exceed a certain pressure. As for how to install this overpressure relief valve, those described in Patent Documents 1-6 are known.

図４は、特許文献１に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。この貯湯式給湯装置は、成層貯湯式の２つの貯湯タンク１０１，１０２を備えている。貯湯タンク１０１が低温側の貯湯タンク、貯湯タンク１０２が高温側の貯湯タンクである。尚、図４においては、貯湯タンク１０１，１０２内の湯水の沸上回路については省略している。給水管１０３から供給される冷水は、減圧逆止弁１０４を経て低温側の貯湯タンク１０１の下部に供給される。貯湯タンク１０１の頂部と貯湯タンク１０２の底部とは、連結管１０５を介して連通されている。また、貯湯タンク１０２の頂部には、給湯管１０６が接続されており、給湯管１０６を通して貯湯タンク１０２内の温水が出湯される。各貯湯タンク１０１，１０２の頂部近傍の連結管１０５及び給湯管１０６には、ベント管１０７，１０８がそれぞれ連接されている。各ベント管１０７，１０８には、過圧逃し弁１０９，１１０がそれぞれ設けられている。ここで、過圧逃し弁１０９の作動圧力は、過圧逃し弁１１０の作動圧力よりも低く設定されている。   FIG. 4 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 1. This hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus includes two stratified hot water storage type hot water storage tanks 101 and 102. The hot water storage tank 101 is a low temperature side hot water storage tank, and the hot water storage tank 102 is a high temperature side hot water storage tank. In FIG. 4, the hot water boiling circuit in the hot water storage tanks 101 and 102 is omitted. The cold water supplied from the water supply pipe 103 is supplied to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 on the low temperature side through the pressure reducing check valve 104. The top of the hot water storage tank 101 and the bottom of the hot water storage tank 102 are communicated with each other via a connecting pipe 105. A hot water supply pipe 106 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 102, and hot water in the hot water storage tank 102 is discharged through the hot water supply pipe 106. Vent pipes 107 and 108 are connected to the connecting pipe 105 and the hot water supply pipe 106 near the tops of the hot water storage tanks 101 and 102, respectively. The vent pipes 107 and 108 are provided with overpressure relief valves 109 and 110, respectively. Here, the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 109 is set lower than the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 110.

貯湯タンク１０１，１０２内の湯水の沸上を行う場合、貯湯タンク１０１の底部の水を沸上回路に送水し、沸上回路に於いて沸上を行った後に、高温となった温水が貯湯タンク１０２の頂部に戻される。加熱された温水によって貯湯タンク１０１，１０２内の内圧が上昇すると、過圧逃し弁１０９の作動圧力が過圧逃し弁１１０の作動圧力よりも低いので、先に過圧逃し弁１０９が開弁して、ベント管１０７を通して貯湯タンク１０１内の過圧水が排出される。ここで、貯湯タンク１０１内の温水は、貯湯タンク１０２内の温水よりも温度が低い。従って、排出される過圧水は、比較的低温の温水となるため、過圧水の排出による熱損失は抑えられる。   When boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tanks 101 and 102, the water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the boiling circuit, and after boiling in the boiling circuit, the hot water having a high temperature is stored in the hot water. Returned to the top of the tank 102. When the internal pressure in the hot water storage tanks 101 and 102 rises due to the heated hot water, the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 109 is lower than the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 110, so the overpressure relief valve 109 is opened first. Thus, the overpressure water in the hot water storage tank 101 is discharged through the vent pipe 107. Here, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101 is lower than that of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 102. Therefore, since the discharged overpressure water becomes a relatively low temperature hot water, heat loss due to discharge of the overpressure water can be suppressed.

図５は、特許文献２，３に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。尚、図５においては、要部の配管のみを示し、それ以外は省略してある。この貯湯式給湯装置においては１つの成層貯湯式の貯湯タンク１０１を備えており、貯湯タンク１０１の底部には給水管１０３，頂部には給湯管１０６が連通接続されている。図４と同様、給水管１０３には減圧逆止弁１０４が配設されている。この貯湯式給湯装置では、ベント管１１１は、貯湯タンク１０１の底部近傍の給水管１０３に分岐して連通接続され、このベント管１１１に過圧逃し弁１１２が設けられている。   FIG. 5 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Literatures 2 and 3. In FIG. 5, only the main part of the piping is shown, and the other parts are omitted. This hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus includes one stratified hot water storage tank 101, and a hot water supply pipe 103 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101, and a hot water supply pipe 106 is connected to the top. As in FIG. 4, the water supply pipe 103 is provided with a pressure reducing check valve 104. In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, the vent pipe 111 is branched and connected to the water supply pipe 103 near the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101, and the vent pipe 111 is provided with an overpressure relief valve 112.

この場合、貯湯タンク１０１内の湯水の沸上によって貯湯タンク１０１内の圧力が上昇すると、過圧逃し弁１１２が開弁して貯湯タンク１０１の底部の温度の低い過圧水が排出される。従って、この場合も排出される過圧水は、低温の水となるため、過圧水の排出による熱損失は抑えられる。   In this case, when the pressure in the hot water storage tank 101 rises due to boiling of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, the overpressure relief valve 112 is opened, and the low pressure water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 is discharged. Accordingly, since the overpressure water discharged in this case also becomes low-temperature water, heat loss due to the discharge of the overpressure water can be suppressed.

図６は、特許文献４に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。尚、図６においては、要部の配管のみを示し、それ以外は省略してある。この貯湯式給湯装置においては１つの成層貯湯式の貯湯タンク１０１を備えており、貯湯タンク１０１の底部には給水管１０３が連通接続されている。図４と同様、給水管１０３には減圧逆止弁１０４が配設されている。図６の貯湯式給湯装置では、貯湯タンク１０１の頂部に出湯管１１３が接続され、給水管１０３からは分岐水管１１４が分岐して設けられ、出湯管１１３と分岐水管１１４とは混合弁１１５を介して給湯管１０６に接続されている。また、貯湯タンク１０１の過圧を解放するため、貯湯タンク１０１の頂部近傍の出湯管１１３及び貯湯タンク１０１の底部近傍の給水管１０３に、それぞれベント管１０７，１１１が連通接続されている。各ベント管１０７，１１１には、それぞれ過圧逃し弁１０９，１１２が設けられている。ここで、過圧逃し弁１１２の作動圧力は、過圧逃し弁１０９の作動圧力よりの低く設定されている。   FIG. 6 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 4. In addition, in FIG. 6, only the piping of the principal part is shown and other than that is omitted. This hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus includes one stratified hot water storage tank 101, and a hot water supply pipe 103 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101. As in FIG. 4, the water supply pipe 103 is provided with a pressure reducing check valve 104. In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of FIG. 6, a hot water discharge pipe 113 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 101, a branch water pipe 114 is branched from the water supply pipe 103, and the hot water discharge pipe 113 and the branch water pipe 114 have a mixing valve 115. To the hot water supply pipe 106. Further, in order to release the overpressure of the hot water storage tank 101, vent pipes 107 and 111 are connected to the hot water discharge pipe 113 near the top of the hot water storage tank 101 and the water supply pipe 103 near the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101, respectively. The vent pipes 107 and 111 are provided with overpressure relief valves 109 and 112, respectively. Here, the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 112 is set lower than the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 109.

この場合、貯湯タンク１０１内の湯水の沸上によって貯湯タンク１０１内の圧力が上昇すると、過圧逃し弁１１２の作動圧力が過圧逃し弁１０９の作動圧力よりも低いので、先に過圧逃し弁１１２が開弁して、ベント管１１１を通して貯湯タンク１０１内の過圧水が排出される。従って、排出される過圧水は、貯湯タンク１０１底部の水となるため、過圧水の排出による熱損失は抑えられる。   In this case, when the pressure in the hot water storage tank 101 rises due to boiling of hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 112 is lower than the operating pressure of the overpressure relief valve 109. The valve 112 is opened, and the overpressure water in the hot water storage tank 101 is discharged through the vent pipe 111. Therefore, since the discharged overpressure water becomes water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101, heat loss due to discharge of the overpressure water can be suppressed.

図７は、特許文献５に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。尚、図７においては要部の配管のみを示し、それ以外は省略してある。この貯湯式給湯装置においては１つの成層貯湯式の貯湯タンク１０１を備えており、貯湯タンク１０１の底部には給水管１０３が連通接続されている。図４と同様、給水管１０３には減圧逆止弁１０４が配設されている。図７の貯湯式給湯装置では、貯湯タンク１０１の頂部に出湯管１１３が連通接続され、貯湯タンク１０１の中央部付近に中温水取水管１１６が連通接続されている。出湯管１１３と中温水取水管１１６とは、混合弁１１７を介して出湯管１１８に接続されている。更に、給水管１０３からは分岐水管１１４が分岐して設けられ、出湯管１１８と分岐水管１１４とは混合弁１１５を介して給湯管１０６に接続されている。出湯管１１８には、ベント管１０７が分岐接続されている。ベント管１０７には、過圧逃し弁１０９が設けられている。   FIG. 7 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 5. In FIG. 7, only the main part of the piping is shown, and the other parts are omitted. This hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus includes one stratified hot water storage tank 101, and a hot water supply pipe 103 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101. As in FIG. 4, the water supply pipe 103 is provided with a pressure reducing check valve 104. In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of FIG. 7, a hot water discharge pipe 113 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 101, and an intermediate hot water intake pipe 116 is connected to the vicinity of the center of the hot water storage tank 101. The hot water outlet pipe 113 and the intermediate temperature water intake pipe 116 are connected to the hot water outlet pipe 118 via the mixing valve 117. Further, a branch water pipe 114 is branched from the water supply pipe 103, and the hot water discharge pipe 118 and the branch water pipe 114 are connected to the hot water supply pipe 106 via the mixing valve 115. A vent pipe 107 is branchedly connected to the hot water outlet pipe 118. The vent pipe 107 is provided with an overpressure relief valve 109.

貯湯タンク１０１内の湯水を沸き上げる際には、混合弁１１７を、中温水取水管１１６と出湯管１１８とが連通する方向に開度制御される。これにより、貯湯タンク１０１内の湯水の沸上によって貯湯タンク１０１内の圧力が上昇すると、過圧逃し弁１０９が開弁して、ベント管１０７を通して貯湯タンク１０１内の中央部付近の温水が過圧水として排出される。従って、排出される過圧水は、貯湯タンク１０１中央部の中温水となるため、過圧水の排出による熱損失は比較的低く抑えられる。   When boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, the opening degree of the mixing valve 117 is controlled in a direction in which the intermediate hot water intake pipe 116 and the hot water discharge pipe 118 communicate with each other. As a result, when the pressure in the hot water storage tank 101 rises due to boiling of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, the overpressure relief valve 109 is opened, and hot water near the center of the hot water storage tank 101 passes through the vent pipe 107. It is discharged as pressurized water. Therefore, since the discharged overpressure water becomes middle temperature water in the central portion of the hot water storage tank 101, heat loss due to discharge of the overpressure water can be suppressed to be relatively low.

図８は、特許文献６に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。尚、図８においては要部の配管のみを示し、それ以外は省略してある。この貯湯式給湯装置においては１つの成層貯湯式の貯湯タンク１０１を備えており、貯湯タンク１０１の底部には給水管１０３が連通接続されている。図４と同様、給水管１０３には減圧逆止弁１０４が配設されている。図８の貯湯式給湯装置では、貯湯タンク１０１の頂部に出湯管１１３が連通接続され、出湯管１１３は、風呂側出湯管１１３ａと給湯栓側出湯管１１３ｂの２つに分岐している。一方、給水管１０３からは分岐水管１１４が分岐して設けられ、この分岐水管１１４も、風呂側分岐水管１１４ａと給湯栓側分岐水管１１４ｂの２つに分岐している。風呂側出湯管１１３ａと風呂側分岐水管１１４ａとは、混合弁１１５ａを介して風呂側給湯管１０６ａに接続されている。給湯栓側出湯管１１３ｂと給湯栓側出湯管１１６ｂとは、混合弁１１５ｂを介して給湯栓側給湯管１０６ｂに接続されている。風呂側給湯管１０６ａには、開閉弁１１９，１２０が設けられており、この開閉弁１１９，１２０よりも上流側にベント管１０７が分岐接続され、ベント管１０７には過圧逃し弁１０９が設けられている。   FIG. 8 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 6. In addition, in FIG. 8, only the piping of the principal part is shown and other than that is omitted. This hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus includes one stratified hot water storage tank 101, and a hot water supply pipe 103 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101. As in FIG. 4, the water supply pipe 103 is provided with a pressure reducing check valve 104. In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of FIG. 8, a hot water discharge pipe 113 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 101, and the hot water discharge pipe 113 is branched into two, a bath side hot water discharge pipe 113a and a hot water tap side hot water discharge pipe 113b. On the other hand, a branch water pipe 114 is branched from the water supply pipe 103, and this branch water pipe 114 is also branched into two, a bath side branch water pipe 114a and a hot water tap side branch water pipe 114b. The bath side hot water discharge pipe 113a and the bath side branch water pipe 114a are connected to the bath side hot water supply pipe 106a through a mixing valve 115a. The hot-water tap side hot water outlet pipe 113b and the hot-water tap side hot water outlet pipe 116b are connected to the hot-water tap side hot water supply pipe 106b through the mixing valve 115b. The bath-side hot water supply pipe 106 a is provided with on-off valves 119, 120. A vent pipe 107 is branched on the upstream side of the on-off valves 119, 120, and an overpressure relief valve 109 is provided on the vent pipe 107. It has been.

貯湯タンク１０１内の湯水を沸き上げる際には、混合弁１１５ａを、風呂側分岐水管１１４ａと風呂側給湯管１０６ａとが連通する方向に開度制御される。これにより、貯湯タンク１０１内の湯水の沸上によって貯湯タンク１０１内の圧力が上昇すると、貯湯タンク１０１の内圧は給水管１０３，分岐水管１１４，風呂側分岐水管１１４ａ，及び風呂側給湯管１０６ａを通じてベント管１０７に伝わる。そして、過圧逃し弁１０９が開弁し、ベント管１０７を通して貯湯タンク１０１内の下部付近の温水に押されて風呂側分岐水管１１４ａから風呂側給湯管１０６ａ内に貯留した水が過圧水として排出される。従って、排出される過圧水は、管内残留水となるため、過圧水の排出による熱損失は抑えられる。また、沸上が終了した場合には、混合弁１１５ａを、風呂側出湯管１１３ａと風呂側給湯管１０６ａとが連通する方向に開度制御される。   When boiling hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, the opening of the mixing valve 115a is controlled in a direction in which the bath side branch water pipe 114a and the bath side hot water supply pipe 106a communicate with each other. As a result, when the pressure in the hot water storage tank 101 rises due to the boiling of hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, the internal pressure of the hot water storage tank 101 passes through the water supply pipe 103, the branch water pipe 114, the bath side branch water pipe 114a, and the bath side hot water supply pipe 106a. It is transmitted to the vent pipe 107. Then, the overpressure relief valve 109 is opened, and the water stored in the bath side hot water supply pipe 106a from the bath side branch water pipe 114a by being pushed by the hot water near the lower part in the hot water storage tank 101 through the vent pipe 107 is used as overpressure water. Discharged. Accordingly, since the discharged overpressure water becomes residual water in the pipe, heat loss due to discharge of the overpressure water can be suppressed. In addition, when boiling is finished, the opening of the mixing valve 115a is controlled in a direction in which the bath-side hot water discharge pipe 113a and the bath-side hot water supply pipe 106a communicate with each other.

特開平１０−２０５８８５号公報JP-A-10-205858 実用新案登録第３０５７４９０号公報Utility Model Registration No. 3057490 特開２００７−１５５１９７号公報JP 2007-155197 A 特開２００４−８５０６０号公報JP 2004-85060 A 特開２００６−６４３４４号公報JP 2006-64344 A 特開２００６−１４５０４７号公報JP 2006-145047 A

上記従来の各貯湯式給湯装置は、貯湯タンク内の内圧が上昇すると、各過圧逃し弁が圧力を解放するため、貯湯タンク内の圧力が過剰圧となることは防止されている。また、図５〜図８の方式では、貯湯タンクの過圧を解放する際に、タンク底部又は中央部の温度の低い湯水を過圧水として放出させるため、過圧解放に伴う熱損失が抑えられ、貯湯式給湯装置のＣＯＰ（coefficient of performance）を向上させることができる。   In each of the above conventional hot water storage type hot water supply devices, when the internal pressure in the hot water storage tank rises, each overpressure relief valve releases the pressure, so that the pressure in the hot water storage tank is prevented from becoming an excessive pressure. 5 to 8, when releasing the overpressure of the hot water storage tank, hot water having a low temperature at the bottom or center of the tank is discharged as overpressure water, so that heat loss due to overpressure release is suppressed. Therefore, the COP (coefficient of performance) of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus can be improved.

しかしながら、上記図４〜図７の方式の従来の貯湯式給湯装置は、加熱時に貯湯タンクの上部に析出空気が貯まるという問題がある。即ち、貯湯タンク内の湯水の沸上を行った場合、湯水の温度が上昇するに従って、湯水の気体の溶解度は小さくなる。そのため、湯水中に溶解していた気体成分が分離析出して貯湯タンクの上部に貯まる。貯湯タンクの上部に析出空気が貯まった状態のまま給湯管の先の給湯栓を開くと、給湯栓から空気と湯とが一緒に放出され、ゴボゴボといった夾雑音を生じさせ、使用者を喫驚させる。これを防止するためには、貯湯タンクの上部に自動空気抜き弁を取り付けなければならないが、その場合コストがかかってしまうという問題がある。   However, the conventional hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the above-described method shown in FIGS. That is, when boiling of hot water in the hot water storage tank is performed, the solubility of hot water gas decreases as the temperature of the hot water rises. Therefore, the gas component dissolved in the hot water is separated and deposited and stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank. If the hot water tap at the end of the hot water pipe is opened while the precipitated air is stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank, air and hot water are released together from the hot water tap, causing a noise such as a gobogobo, which surprises the user. . In order to prevent this, an automatic air vent valve must be attached to the upper part of the hot water storage tank, but in that case, there is a problem that costs are increased.

その点、図８に示した特許文献６の貯湯式給湯装置においては、貯湯タンク１０１の上部に貯まる空気を抜くことが必要な場合には、混合弁１１５ａを風呂側出湯管１１３ａと風呂側給湯管１０６ａとが連通するように開度設定するとされている。これにより加熱による圧力上昇が生じたときは、膨張水と空気を貯湯タンク１０１上部に接続された配管を通して風呂側出湯管１１３ａ側に開度が設定された混合弁１１５ａ及び過圧力逃がし弁１０９を介してベント管１０７から装置外へ排出する。これにより、貯湯タンク１０１上部のエア溜まりを極力抑えることができる。   In that respect, in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of Patent Document 6 shown in FIG. 8, when it is necessary to vent the air stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101, the mixing valve 115a is connected to the bath side hot water discharge pipe 113a and the bath side hot water supply. The opening is set so as to communicate with the pipe 106a. Thus, when a pressure increase due to heating occurs, the mixing valve 115a and the overpressure relief valve 109 whose opening degree is set on the bath side hot water discharge pipe 113a side through the pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 for the expanded water and air are opened. Through the vent pipe 107. Thereby, the air pool of the hot water storage tank 101 upper part can be suppressed as much as possible.

しかしながら、貯湯タンク１０１の上部の空気を抜くために混合弁１１５ａを風呂側出湯管１１３ａと風呂側給湯管１０６ａとが連通するように開度設定した状態で、貯湯タンク１０１内の湯水の沸上を行った場合、貯湯タンク１０１の上部の高温水が膨張水として過圧力逃がし弁１０９を介してベント管１０７から排出されることになる。従って、過圧解放に伴う熱損失が大きくなり、貯湯式給湯装置のＣＯＰが低下するという問題が生じる。   However, the boiling of hot water in the hot water storage tank 101 is performed in a state in which the mixing valve 115a is set to open so that the bath side hot water discharge pipe 113a and the bath side hot water supply pipe 106a communicate with each other in order to evacuate the air above the hot water storage tank 101. In this case, the high temperature water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 is discharged from the vent pipe 107 through the overpressure relief valve 109 as expanded water. Therefore, the heat loss accompanying overpressure release becomes large, resulting in a problem that the COP of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus is lowered.

そこで、本発明の目的は、貯湯式給湯装置のＣＯＰを向上させつつ、且つ貯湯タンク内に析出空気が蓄積されることも防止できる貯湯式給湯装置を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus capable of improving the COP of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus and preventing accumulation of precipitated air in the hot water storage tank.

本発明に係る貯湯式給湯装置の第１の構成は、温水を貯湯する貯湯タンクと、
前記貯湯タンク内に貯留された湯水の沸上を行う沸上手段と、
前記貯湯タンクの上部に連通接続された第１の配管と、
前記貯湯タンクの下部に連通接続された第２の配管と、
前記貯湯タンク内の過圧を解放するためのベント管と、
前記ベント管に設けられた過圧逃し弁と、
第１ポート，第２ポート，第３ポートの３つのポートを備え、第１ポートには前記第１の配管が接続され、第２ポートには前記第２の配管が接続され、第３ポートにはベント管が連通された三方弁と、
前記沸上手段により前記貯湯タンク内の湯水の沸上を行う際には、前記三方弁を、前記第２ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通し前記第１ポートが遮断された状態に開度制御するとともに、間歇的に前記第１ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通するように切替制御する制御手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする。 A first configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention includes a hot water storage tank for storing hot water,
A boiling means for boiling hot water stored in the hot water storage tank;
A first pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank;
A second pipe connected in communication with the lower part of the hot water storage tank;
A vent pipe for releasing the overpressure in the hot water storage tank;
An overpressure relief valve provided in the vent pipe;
There are three ports, a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is connected to the first port, the second port is connected to the second port, and the third port is connected to the third port. Is a three-way valve with a vent pipe,
When boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tank by the boiling means, the three-way valve is opened to the state where the second port and the third port communicate with each other and the first port is shut off. Control means for controlling and switching control so that the first port and the third port communicate intermittently;
It is provided with.

この構成によれば、沸上手段により貯湯タンク内の湯水の沸上を行う際には、三方弁は第２の配管とベント管とが連通した状態となっているため、貯湯タンク内の湯水の温度上昇に伴い、貯湯タンク下部の温度の低い水（又は湯）が第２の配管を通してベント管から排出されて放圧される。これにより、過圧解放に伴う熱損失が抑えられ、貯湯式給湯装置のＣＯＰを向上させることができる。   According to this configuration, when boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tank by the boiling means, the three-way valve is in a state where the second pipe and the vent pipe communicate with each other. As the temperature rises, the low temperature water (or hot water) at the lower part of the hot water storage tank is discharged from the vent pipe through the second pipe and released. Thereby, the heat loss accompanying overpressure release is suppressed, and the COP of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus can be improved.

一方、制御手段により、三方弁を、間歇的に第１ポートと第３ポートとが連通するように切替制御することで、貯湯タンク上部に溜まった空気は、この切り替わり時に第１の配管を通してベント管から排出される。これにより、貯湯タンク上部に空気が溜ることによる弊害を極力抑えることができる。また、この空気抜き動作の際には、貯湯タンク上部の高温の湯がベント管から排出されるが、空気抜き動作は間歇的に行われるため、空気抜きに伴う熱損失は僅かである。従って、貯湯式給湯装置のＣＯＰを高く維持することができる。   On the other hand, the control means controls the three-way valve so that the first port and the third port communicate with each other intermittently, so that the air accumulated in the upper part of the hot water tank is vented through the first pipe at the time of the switching. Discharged from the tube. As a result, it is possible to suppress as much as possible the adverse effects of air accumulating on the hot water storage tank. In this air venting operation, the hot water at the upper part of the hot water storage tank is discharged from the vent pipe. However, since the air venting operation is performed intermittently, the heat loss due to the air venting is small. Therefore, the COP of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus can be kept high.

本発明に係る貯湯式給湯装置の第２の構成は、前記第１の構成に於いて、前記制御手段は、所定の時間おきに、前記三方弁を一時的に前記第１ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通するように開度制御することを特徴とする。   According to a second configuration of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, in the first configuration, the control means temporarily connects the three-way valve to the first port and the third port every predetermined time. The opening degree is controlled so as to communicate with the port.

このように、所定の時間おきに空気抜きを行うことによって、貯湯タンク上部に空気が溜ることによる弊害を極力抑えることができる。   In this way, by performing air venting at predetermined intervals, it is possible to suppress as much as possible the adverse effects caused by the accumulation of air in the upper part of the hot water storage tank.

本発明に係る貯湯式給湯装置の第３の構成は、前記第１の構成に於いて、前記制御手段は、前記貯湯タンク内の温度上昇の積算値が所定の値増加する毎に、前記三方弁を一時的に前記第１ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通するように開度制御することを特徴とする。   According to a third configuration of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention, in the first configuration, the control means is configured so that each time the integrated value of the temperature rise in the hot water storage tank increases by a predetermined value, the three-way The opening degree of the valve is temporarily controlled so that the first port and the third port communicate with each other.

貯湯タンク内の湯水の気体の溶解度は、温度が上昇するに従って減少する。従って、湯水の温度が一定温度だけ変化する毎に貯湯タンク内には空気が析出すると考えられる。従って、貯湯タンク内の温度が所定の温度変化する毎に空気抜きを行うことによって、貯湯タンク上部に空気が溜ることによる弊害を極力抑えることができる。   The solubility of the hot water gas in the hot water storage tank decreases as the temperature increases. Therefore, it is considered that air is deposited in the hot water storage tank every time the temperature of the hot water changes by a certain temperature. Accordingly, by performing air venting every time the temperature in the hot water storage tank changes by a predetermined temperature, it is possible to suppress as much as possible the adverse effects caused by the accumulation of air in the upper part of the hot water storage tank.

本発明に係る貯湯式給湯装置の第４の構成は、前記第１乃至３の何れか一の構成に於いて、前記貯湯タンクは、複数の貯湯タンクからなり、各貯湯タンクは、給水側の前段の貯湯タンクの上部がその後段の貯湯タンクの底部に配管接続された直列接続とされており、
前記第１の配管は、最後段の貯湯タンクの上部に連通接続され、
前記第２の配管は、最前段の貯湯タンクの下部に連通接続されていることを特徴とする。 According to a fourth configuration of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention, in any one of the first to third configurations, the hot water storage tank includes a plurality of hot water storage tanks, and each of the hot water storage tanks is provided on the water supply side. The upper part of the previous hot water storage tank is connected in series with the bottom of the subsequent hot water storage tank,
The first pipe is connected in communication with the upper part of the last hot water storage tank,
The second pipe is connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank in the foremost stage.

以上のように、本発明によれば、沸上の際に、貯湯タンク下部に連通接続された第２の配管とベント管とを接続して貯湯タンク下部の温度の低い水（又は湯）を排出して貯湯タンクの放圧を行うことにより、過圧解放に伴う熱損失が抑えられ、貯湯式給湯装置のＣＯＰを向上させることができる。一方、三方弁を、間歇的に第１の流入ポートと第３の流出ポートとが連通するように切替制御して、貯湯タンク上部に溜まった空気を、第１の配管を通してベント管から排出することにより、貯湯タンク上部に空気が溜ることによる弊害を極力抑えることができる。また、空気抜き動作は間歇的に行われるため、空気抜きに伴う熱損失は僅かであり、貯湯式給湯装置のＣＯＰを高く維持することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, when boiling, the second pipe connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank and the vent pipe are connected to supply water (or hot water) having a lower temperature at the lower part of the hot water storage tank. By discharging and releasing the hot water storage tank, heat loss due to overpressure release can be suppressed, and the COP of the hot water storage hot water supply apparatus can be improved. On the other hand, the three-way valve is controlled to be intermittently connected to the first inflow port and the third outflow port, and the air accumulated in the upper part of the hot water storage tank is discharged from the vent pipe through the first pipe. As a result, it is possible to suppress as much as possible the harmful effects caused by the accumulation of air in the upper part of the hot water storage tank. Further, since the air venting operation is performed intermittently, the heat loss associated with air venting is small, and the COP of the hot water storage type hot water supply device can be kept high.

本発明の実施例１に係る貯湯式給湯装置の構成を表す要部配管図である。It is a principal part piping diagram showing the structure of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 追焚回路のない場合の実施例１に係る貯湯式給湯装置の構成を表す要部配管図である。It is a principal part piping diagram showing the structure of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus which concerns on Example 1 when there is no memorial circuit. 本発明の実施例２に係る貯湯式給湯装置の構成を表す要部配管図である。It is a principal part piping diagram showing the structure of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. 特許文献１に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。6 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 1. FIG. 特許文献２，３に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。It is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Literatures 2 and 3. 特許文献４に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。6 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 4. FIG. 特許文献５に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。6 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 5. FIG. 特許文献６に記載の貯湯式給湯装置における過圧逃し弁の取り付け方を表した概略配管図である。FIG. 10 is a schematic piping diagram showing how to install an overpressure relief valve in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 6.

以下、本発明を実施するための形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の実施例１に係る貯湯式給湯装置の構成を表す要部配管図である。本実施例では、温水を貯湯する成層貯湯式の貯湯タンク１を１台備えた貯湯式給湯装置の例を示す。   FIG. 1 is a main part piping diagram showing a configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, an example of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus including one stratified hot water storage tank 1 for storing hot water is shown.

本実施例の貯湯式給湯装置は、貯湯タンク１、ヒートポンプ２、追焚熱交換器３、沸上ポンプ４、追焚ポンプ５、風呂循環ポンプ６、切替三方弁７，８、過圧逃し弁１０、三方混合弁１１，１２、逆止弁１３，１４及び開閉弁１５を備えている。   The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the present embodiment includes a hot water storage tank 1, a heat pump 2, a memorial heat exchanger 3, a boiling pump 4, a memorial pump 5, a bath circulation pump 6, a switching three-way valve 7, 8, an overpressure relief valve. 10, three-way mixing valves 11 and 12, check valves 13 and 14, and on-off valve 15 are provided.

貯湯タンク１は、温水を貯湯する成層貯湯式の貯湯タンクである。ヒートポンプ２は、貯湯タンク１内に貯留された湯水の沸上を行う沸上手段である。ヒートポンプ２は、空気との熱交換によって熱の汲み上げを行うヒートポンプ１６と、ヒートポンプ１６で汲み上げられた熱を貯湯タンク１内の湯水に給熱する沸上熱交換器１７とを備えている。追焚熱交換器３は、貯湯タンク１内の温水と浴槽Ｂ内の浴槽水との熱交換を行う熱交換器である。   The hot water storage tank 1 is a stratified hot water storage tank that stores hot water. The heat pump 2 is a boiling means for boiling hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1. The heat pump 2 includes a heat pump 16 that pumps up heat by exchanging heat with air, and a boiling heat exchanger 17 that heats the heat pumped up by the heat pump 16 to hot water in the hot water storage tank 1. The memorial heat exchanger 3 is a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 and bathtub water in the bathtub B.

貯湯タンク１の側面には、タンク内の湯水の温度を検出する温度センサ３２ａ，３２ｂ，３２ｃ，３２ｄが上部から下部にかけてのそれぞれの高さに設置されている。   On the side surface of the hot water storage tank 1, temperature sensors 32a, 32b, 32c and 32d for detecting the temperature of hot water in the tank are installed at respective heights from the upper part to the lower part.

貯湯タンク１の底部には、上水からの水を供給するための給水管２７が接続されている。給水管２７には減圧逆止弁２８が設けられている。貯湯タンク１の頂部には、図示しない給湯栓等に貯湯タンク１内の湯を出湯するための給湯管２９が接続されている。給湯管２９の途中には、２つの流入ポートと１つの流出ポートを備えた三方混合弁１１が設けられている。三方混合弁１１の一方の流入ポートと流出ポートは給湯管２９に接続されており、もう一方の流入ポートには分岐管３０が接続されている。この分岐管３０は、上流側の管端が減圧逆止弁２８と貯湯タンク１との間の給水管２７に連通接続されている。三方混合弁１１は、上流側の給湯管２９から送水される温水と分岐管３０から送水される水とを所望の割合で混合して、下流側の給湯管２９へ送水するための弁である。   A water supply pipe 27 for supplying water from the tap water is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1. The water supply pipe 27 is provided with a pressure reducing check valve 28. A hot water supply pipe 29 for discharging hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 is connected to a hot water tap or the like (not shown) at the top of the hot water storage tank 1. In the middle of the hot water supply pipe 29, a three-way mixing valve 11 having two inflow ports and one outflow port is provided. One inflow port and outflow port of the three-way mixing valve 11 are connected to a hot water supply pipe 29, and a branch pipe 30 is connected to the other inflow port. The branch pipe 30 has an upstream pipe end connected to a water supply pipe 27 between the pressure reducing check valve 28 and the hot water storage tank 1. The three-way mixing valve 11 is a valve for mixing hot water fed from the upstream hot water supply pipe 29 and water fed from the branch pipe 30 at a desired ratio and feeding the water to the downstream hot water supply pipe 29. .

貯湯タンク１の底部から沸上ポンプ４，沸上熱交換器１７，切替三方弁７を経由して貯湯タンク１の上部にかけて沸上回路が配管されている。貯湯タンク１の底部から沸上ポンプ４を経由して沸上熱交換器１７に至る配管を沸上往管１８といい、沸上熱交換器１７から切替三方弁７を経由して貯湯タンク１の頂部に至る配管を沸上戻管１９という。また、切替三方弁７から貯湯タンク１の底部へバイパス管２０が配管されている。ヒートポンプ１６と沸上熱交換器１７との間は、熱媒が循環するための熱媒循環管２１が環状に配管されている。   A boiling circuit is connected from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 via the boiling pump 4, the boiling heat exchanger 17, and the switching three-way valve 7. A pipe from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 to the boiling heat exchanger 17 via the boiling pump 4 is called a boiling forward pipe 18, and the hot water storage tank 1 passes from the boiling heat exchanger 17 via the switching three-way valve 7. The pipe that reaches the top of the tube is referred to as a boiling return pipe 19. A bypass pipe 20 is connected from the switching three-way valve 7 to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1. Between the heat pump 16 and the boiling heat exchanger 17, a heat medium circulation pipe 21 for circulating the heat medium is provided in an annular shape.

また、貯湯タンク１の上部から切替三方弁８，追焚熱交換器３，追焚ポンプ５を経由して貯湯タンク１の下部にかけて追焚回路が配管されている。貯湯タンク１の上部から切替三方弁８を経由して追焚熱交換器３に至る配管を追焚往管２２といい、追焚熱交換器３から追焚ポンプ５を経由して貯湯タンク１の下部に至る配管を追焚戻管２３という。切替三方弁８は、第１ポート，第２ポート，第３ポートの３つのポートを備えている。第１ポート，第２ポートは夫々追焚往管２２に接続されている。第３ポートには、過圧を解放するためのベント管（vent tube）２６が接続されている。ベント管２６の途中には、過圧逃し弁１０が設けられており、その末端は大気圧に解放されている。   In addition, a remedy circuit is connected from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 via the switching three-way valve 8, the remedy heat exchanger 3, and the remedy pump 5. A pipe from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 to the remedy heat exchanger 3 via the switching three-way valve 8 is called a remedy forward pipe 22, and the hot water storage tank 1 from the remedy heat exchanger 3 through the remedy pump 5. The piping leading to the lower part of the pipe is called the memorial return pipe 23. The switching three-way valve 8 includes three ports, a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port and the second port are each connected to the tracking tube 22. A vent tube 26 for releasing overpressure is connected to the third port. An overpressure relief valve 10 is provided in the middle of the vent pipe 26, and its end is released to atmospheric pressure.

また、追焚熱交換器３と浴槽Ｂとの間には、浴槽水循環管２４，２５が配管されている。浴槽水循環管２４は、浴槽Ｂから追焚熱交換器３に至る配管であり、浴槽水循環管２５は、追焚熱交換器３から風呂循環ポンプ６を経由して浴槽Ｂに至る配管である。   In addition, bath water circulation pipes 24 and 25 are piped between the memory heat exchanger 3 and the bathtub B. The bathtub water circulation pipe 24 is a pipe extending from the bathtub B to the follow-up heat exchanger 3, and the bathtub water circulation pipe 25 is a pipe extending from the follow-up heat exchanger 3 to the bathtub B via the bath circulation pump 6.

貯湯タンク１と三方混合弁１１との間の給湯管２９には湯張管３１が分岐接続されている。湯張管３１の下流側の管端は浴槽水循環管２５に接続されている。湯張管３１には、上流側から下流側にかけて、逆止弁１３，三方混合弁１２，開閉弁１５，逆止弁１４がこの順で設けられている。三方混合弁１２は、２つの流入ポートと１つの流出ポートを備えている。三方混合弁１２の一方の流入ポートと流出ポートは湯張管３１に接続されており、もう一方の流入ポートは分岐管３０に連通接続されている。三方混合弁１２は、上流側の湯張管３１を通して給湯管２９から送水される温水と分岐管３０から送水される水とを所望の割合で混合して、下流側の湯張管３１へ送水するための弁である。   A hot-water pipe 31 is branchedly connected to a hot water supply pipe 29 between the hot water storage tank 1 and the three-way mixing valve 11. The pipe end on the downstream side of the hot water pipe 31 is connected to the bathtub water circulation pipe 25. The hot water filled pipe 31 is provided with a check valve 13, a three-way mixing valve 12, an on-off valve 15, and a check valve 14 in this order from the upstream side to the downstream side. The three-way mixing valve 12 has two inflow ports and one outflow port. One inflow port and outflow port of the three-way mixing valve 12 are connected to the hot water filled pipe 31, and the other inflow port is connected to the branch pipe 30. The three-way mixing valve 12 mixes hot water supplied from the hot water supply pipe 29 through the upstream hot water pipe 31 and water supplied from the branch pipe 30 at a desired ratio, and supplies water to the downstream hot water pipe 31. It is a valve to do.

また、沸上ポンプ４、追焚ポンプ５、ヒートポンプ１６、風呂循環ポンプ６、切替三方弁７，８、及び三方混合弁１１，１２等の貯湯式給湯装置全体の制御を行う制御装置３３が設けられている。   Further, a control device 33 is provided for controlling the entire hot water storage hot water supply device such as the boiling pump 4, the recuperation pump 5, the heat pump 16, the bath circulation pump 6, the switching three-way valves 7 and 8, and the three-way mixing valves 11 and 12. It has been.

以上のように構成された本実施例に係る貯湯式給湯装置において、以下その沸上時の動作について説明する。尚、以下の説明に於いて、風呂において温水の使用がされておらず、風呂循環ポンプ６は停止しているとする。   In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to this embodiment configured as described above, the operation during boiling will be described below. In the following description, it is assumed that hot water is not used in the bath and the bath circulation pump 6 is stopped.

貯湯タンク１内の温度は、温度センサ３２ａ，３２ｂ，３２ｃ，３２ｄにより常時制御装置３３が監視している。貯湯タンク１内の温水の温度が所定の温度以下に低下した場合や、電気代の安価な夜間時間帯になった場合、制御装置３３は貯湯タンク１内の温水の沸上を開始する。沸上時においては、制御装置３３は、ヒートポンプ１６を起動して熱媒循環管２１に高温の熱媒を循環させる。バイパス管２０は、ヒートポンプ２の起動初期において、沸上熱交換器１７通過後の沸上戻管１９内の水温が十分に上がっていないとき沸上ポンプ４を駆動して循環水を貯湯タンク１の上部に戻すと、貯湯タンク１内が冷水の流入により攪拌され成層貯湯が乱れてしまうので、沸上戻管１９内の水温が上がるまでの間循環水を貯湯タンク１の下部に戻すための配管である。そして、切替三方弁７を沸上戻管１９が連通する方向に切り替えた状態で、沸上ポンプ４を起動する。これにより、貯湯タンク１の底部の温度の低い湯水は、沸上熱交換器１７で加熱されて貯湯タンク１の上部に送られ、貯湯タンク１に蓄熱される。   The temperature in the hot water storage tank 1 is constantly monitored by the control device 33 by the temperature sensors 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d. When the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 falls below a predetermined temperature, or when it becomes a cheap night time zone for electricity bills, the control device 33 starts boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1. At the time of boiling, the control device 33 activates the heat pump 16 to circulate a high-temperature heat medium in the heat medium circulation pipe 21. The bypass pipe 20 drives the boiling pump 4 when the water temperature in the boiling return pipe 19 after passing through the boiling heat exchanger 17 is not sufficiently raised at the initial start of the heat pump 2, and supplies the circulating water to the hot water storage tank 1. Is returned to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1, the stratified hot water is disturbed by the inflow of cold water and the stratified hot water is disturbed, so that the circulating water is returned to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 until the water temperature in the boiling return pipe 19 rises. It is piping. And the boiling pump 4 is started in the state which switched the switching three-way valve 7 in the direction where the boiling return pipe 19 communicates. As a result, the hot water having a low temperature at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 is heated by the boiling heat exchanger 17 and sent to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1, and is stored in the hot water storage tank 1.

更に、沸上を開始すると、制御装置３３は、切替三方弁８を、追焚熱交換器３側の追焚往管２２が接続されたポート（以下「第２ポート」という。）とベント管２６が接続されたポート（以下「第３ポート」という。）とが連通し、貯湯タンク１上部に接続する側の追焚往管２２が接続されたポート（以下「第１ポート」という。）が遮断された状態に切り替える。そして、制御装置３３は、一定の時間ごと（例えば、１時間に１回ごと）に、一時的に（例えば５秒間）、切替三方弁８を第１ポートと第３ポートが連通する方向に切り替える制御を行う。   Further, when boiling is started, the control device 33 causes the switching three-way valve 8 to be connected to a port (hereinafter referred to as a “second port”) to which the follow-up outgoing pipe 22 on the side of the add-on heat exchanger 3 is connected and a vent pipe. 26 is connected to a port (hereinafter referred to as “third port”) 26, and is connected to a tracking pipe 22 on the side connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 (hereinafter referred to as “first port”). Switch to the state where is blocked. Then, the control device 33 switches the switching three-way valve 8 in a direction in which the first port and the third port communicate with each other at regular intervals (for example, once every hour) temporarily (for example, for 5 seconds). Take control.

このような制御を行うことにより、貯湯タンク１内の放圧が次のように行われる。まず、貯湯タンク１内の湯水の温度が沸上により上昇し、貯湯タンク１内の湯水の体積が膨張すると、貯湯タンク１内の圧力が上昇する。上昇した圧力は、追焚戻管２３内及び追焚往管２２内の水を介してベント管２６内の水に伝達する。圧力が所定圧を越えたとき、過圧逃し弁１０が開弁してベント管２６から外部に膨張水を逃して放圧が行われる。このとき、切替三方弁８は、第２ポートと第３ポートが連通した状態にあるため、追焚戻管２３内及び追焚往管２２内の水又は貯湯タンク１の底部の温度の低い水が膨張水として放出される。従って、放圧に伴う熱損失は最小限に抑えられる。   By performing such control, the pressure release in the hot water storage tank 1 is performed as follows. First, when the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 rises due to boiling and the volume of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 expands, the pressure in the hot water storage tank 1 increases. The increased pressure is transmitted to the water in the vent pipe 26 through the water in the tracking return pipe 23 and the tracking outgoing pipe 22. When the pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure, the overpressure relief valve 10 is opened, and the expansion water is released from the vent pipe 26 to the outside, and the pressure is released. At this time, since the switching three-way valve 8 is in a state where the second port and the third port communicate with each other, the water in the retrace return pipe 23 and the retrace forward pipe 22 or the water having a low temperature at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 is used. Is released as expanded water. Therefore, heat loss due to pressure release is minimized.

一方、貯湯タンク１内の温水の温度が上昇すると、水の気体溶解度が減少することにより、貯湯タンク１内の水に溶け込んでいた空気が析出して貯湯タンク１上部からその上部に接続されている配管内に蓄積する。しかし、制御装置３３が一定の時間毎に切替三方弁８を第１ポートと第３ポートが連通する方向に切り替えることにより、溜まった空気は温水と共に追焚往管２２を通ってベント管２６に流入し、過圧逃し弁１０を通って外部に排出される。従って、一定の時間毎に貯湯タンク１上部の空気抜きがされ、貯湯タンク１上部に多量の空気が溜まることがなくなる。従って、使用者が給湯管２９の末端の給湯栓（図示せず）を開栓したときに、給湯栓から空気と湯とが一緒に放出されるような事態が防止される。   On the other hand, when the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 rises, the gas solubility of the water decreases, so that the air dissolved in the water in the hot water storage tank 1 is deposited and connected from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 to the upper part thereof. Accumulate in existing pipes. However, when the control device 33 switches the switching three-way valve 8 in a direction in which the first port and the third port communicate with each other at regular intervals, the accumulated air passes through the follow-up pipe 22 and the vent pipe 26 together with hot water. It flows in and is discharged to the outside through the overpressure relief valve 10. Accordingly, the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 is vented at regular intervals, and a large amount of air does not accumulate in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1. Therefore, when the user opens a hot water tap (not shown) at the end of the hot water supply pipe 29, a situation in which air and hot water are discharged together from the hot water tap is prevented.

尚、本実施例に於いては、制御装置３３は、一定の時間ごとに、一時的に、切替三方弁８を第１ポートと第３ポートが連通する方向に切り替える制御を行うこととしたが、これ以外の制御の例として、制御装置３３は、温度センサ３２ａ，３２ｂ，３２ｃ，３２ｄにより検出される貯湯タンク１内の温度上昇の積算値が所定の値増加する毎に、一時的に、切替三方弁８を第１ポートと第３ポートが連通する方向に切り替える制御を行うようにすることもできる。ここで、時刻ｔから時刻ｔ＋Δｔの間の温度変化をΔθ（ｔ）としたときに、関数ｆ（ｔ）を、Δθ（ｔ）＞０のときｆ（ｔ）＝Δθ（ｔ）、Δθ（ｔ）≦０のときｆ（ｔ）＝０と定義すると、温度上昇の積算値とは、ｆ（ｔ）を時間で積算した値をいう。   In the present embodiment, the control device 33 temporarily controls the switching three-way valve 8 in a direction in which the first port and the third port communicate with each other at regular intervals. As an example of other control, the control device 33 temporarily changes the accumulated value of the temperature rise in the hot water storage tank 1 detected by the temperature sensors 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d every time a predetermined value increases. It is also possible to perform control for switching the switching three-way valve 8 in a direction in which the first port and the third port communicate with each other. Here, when the temperature change from time t to time t + Δt is Δθ (t), the function f (t) is expressed as f (t) = Δθ (t), Δθ (when Δθ (t)> 0. If f (t) = 0 is defined when t) ≦ 0, the integrated value of temperature rise refers to a value obtained by integrating f (t) over time.

また、本実施例に於いては、風呂の追焚回路の付いた貯湯式給湯装置について説明したが、追焚回路のない貯湯式給湯装置においても本発明は同様に適用することができる。図２に追焚回路のない場合の実施例１に係る貯湯式給湯装置の構成を表す要部配管図を示す。この場合、追焚熱交換器３、追焚ポンプ５、風呂循環ポンプ６、逆止弁１３，１４、開閉弁１５、浴槽水循環管２４，２５、及び湯張管３１がないこと以外は、図１と同様であり、制御装置３３の動作についても同様である。   In the present embodiment, the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus provided with a bath chase circuit has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus without a chase circuit. The principal part piping diagram showing the structure of the hot water storage type hot-water supply apparatus which concerns on Example 1 in case there is no memorial circuit in FIG. 2 is shown. In this case, except that there is no remedy heat exchanger 3, remedy pump 5, bath circulation pump 6, check valves 13 and 14, on-off valve 15, bath water circulation pipes 24 and 25, and hot water pipe 31. 1 and the operation of the control device 33 is the same.

本実施例に於いては、貯湯タンクを複数個備えた貯湯式給湯装置について本発明を適用した例について説明する。図３は、本発明の実施例２に係る貯湯式給湯装置の構成を表す要部配管図である。 In this embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus having a plurality of hot water storage tanks will be described. FIG. 3 is a principal piping diagram showing a configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

図３において、ヒートポンプ２、追焚熱交換器３、沸上ポンプ４、追焚ポンプ５、風呂循環ポンプ６、切替三方弁７，８、過圧逃し弁１０、三方混合弁１１，１２、逆止弁１３，１４、開閉弁１５、ヒートポンプ１６、沸上熱交換器１７、沸上往管１８、沸上戻管１９、バイパス管２０、熱媒循環管２１、追焚往管２２、追焚戻管２３、浴槽水循環管２４，２５、ベント管２６、給水管２７、減圧逆止弁２８、給湯管２９、分岐管３０、湯張管３１、温度センサ３２ａ，３２ｂ，３２ｃ，３２ｄ、制御装置３３、及び浴槽Ｂは図１と同様である。   In FIG. 3, heat pump 2, recuperation heat exchanger 3, boiling pump 4, recuperation pump 5, bath circulation pump 6, switching three-way valves 7 and 8, overpressure relief valve 10, three-way mixing valves 11 and 12, reverse Stop valves 13, 14, open / close valve 15, heat pump 16, boiling heat exchanger 17, boiling forward pipe 18, boiling up return pipe 19, bypass pipe 20, heat medium circulation pipe 21, follow-up forward pipe 22, follow-up Return pipe 23, bathtub water circulation pipes 24 and 25, vent pipe 26, water supply pipe 27, pressure reducing check valve 28, hot water supply pipe 29, branch pipe 30, hot water filled pipe 31, temperature sensors 32a, 32b, 32c and 32d, control device 33 and bathtub B are the same as in FIG.

本実施例では、貯湯タンクは、低温側貯湯タンク１ａと高温側貯湯タンク１ｂとの２つに分割されている。低温側貯湯タンク１ａの頂部と高温側貯湯タンク１ｂの底部は、ベンド管（bend tube）４１により直列に連通接続されている。温度センサ３２ａ，３２ｂ，３２ｃ，３２ｄは、低温側貯湯タンク１ａの上部から下部にかけてのそれぞれの高さに設置されている。また、高温側貯湯タンク１ｂの上部から下部にかけてのそれぞれの高さには、温度センサ３２ｅ，３２ｆ，３２ｇがそれぞれ設置されている。   In the present embodiment, the hot water storage tank is divided into two, a low temperature side hot water storage tank 1a and a high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b. The top of the low temperature side hot water storage tank 1 a and the bottom of the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1 b are connected in series by a bend tube 41. The temperature sensors 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d are installed at respective heights from the upper part to the lower part of the low temperature side hot water storage tank 1a. Further, temperature sensors 32e, 32f, and 32g are installed at respective heights from the upper part to the lower part of the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b.

給湯管２９は、上流側が給湯管２９ａ，２９ｂに分岐している。給湯管２９ａは低温側貯湯タンク１ａの頂部に連通接続され、給湯管２９ｂは高温側貯湯タンク１ｂの頂部に連通接続されている。給湯管２９が給湯管２９ａ，２９ｂに分岐する分岐点には、三方混合弁４２が設けられている。   The upstream side of the hot water supply pipe 29 is branched into hot water supply pipes 29a and 29b. The hot water supply pipe 29a is connected to the top of the low temperature side hot water storage tank 1a, and the hot water supply pipe 29b is connected to the top of the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b. A three-way mixing valve 42 is provided at a branch point where the hot water supply pipe 29 branches into the hot water supply pipes 29a and 29b.

三方混合弁４２では、給湯温度設定装置（図示せず）と湯張り温度設定装置（図示せず）で設定した給湯設定温度と湯張り温度とを比較し、いずれか高い方の温度より所定温度（実施例では３℃）以上高い温度のお湯を出湯し、三方混合弁１１で給湯温度設定装置で設定した給湯設定温度に、三方混合弁１２で湯張り温度に調節して出湯する。三方混合弁４２は、温度センサ４７で検知する温度により、前述の所定温度以上に調節して出湯する。この際、低温側貯湯タンク１ａのお湯を優先して使用するように制御しているが、これは、風呂追焚運転を効率よく行うためである。すなわち、追焚熱交換器３に送るお湯の温度が高い方が早く、しかも効率よく追焚きできるからである。従って、高温側貯湯タンク１ｂのお湯の温度を高く保つために、低温側貯湯タンク１ａを優先して使用するようにしている。   In the three-way mixing valve 42, the hot water set temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting device (not shown) and the hot water temperature setting device (not shown) is compared with the hot water temperature, and the predetermined temperature is higher than the higher temperature. Hot water having a temperature higher than (3 ° C. in the embodiment) is discharged, adjusted to the hot water supply temperature set by the hot water supply temperature setting device with the three-way mixing valve 11 and adjusted to the hot water temperature with the three-way mixing valve 12 and discharged. The three-way mixing valve 42 is adjusted to a temperature equal to or higher than the aforementioned predetermined temperature according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 47 and discharges hot water. At this time, the hot water of the low temperature side hot water storage tank 1a is controlled so as to be used preferentially, for the purpose of efficiently performing the bath chasing operation. That is, the higher the temperature of hot water sent to the memory heat exchanger 3 is, the faster and more efficient it can be. Therefore, in order to keep the temperature of the hot water in the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b high, the low temperature side hot water storage tank 1a is preferentially used.

また、給湯管２９ａ，２９ｂには、それぞれ、逆止弁４３，４４が設けられている。   The hot water supply pipes 29a and 29b are provided with check valves 43 and 44, respectively.

また、給湯管２９において、湯張管３１の分岐点と三方混合弁１１との間に逆止弁４５が設けられ、分岐管３０において、三方混合弁１１の近傍に逆止弁４６が設けられている。また、配管の各所に温度センサ４７，４８，４９，５０，５１が配設されている。   Further, in the hot water supply pipe 29, a check valve 45 is provided between the branch point of the hot water filled pipe 31 and the three-way mixing valve 11, and in the branch pipe 30, a check valve 46 is provided in the vicinity of the three-way mixing valve 11. ing. Further, temperature sensors 47, 48, 49, 50, and 51 are disposed at various locations on the piping.

本実施例では、追焚往管２２の上流側端部は高温側貯湯タンク１ｂの上部、追焚戻管２３の下流側端部は低温側貯湯タンク１ａの下部にそれぞれ連通接続されており、沸上往管１８の上流側端部は低温側貯湯タンク１ａの下部、沸上戻管１９の下流側端部は高温側貯湯タンク１ｂの上部にそれぞれ連通接続されている。   In this embodiment, the upstream end of the follow-up pipe 22 is connected to the upper part of the high-temperature hot water storage tank 1b, and the downstream end of the follow-up return pipe 23 is connected to the lower part of the low-temperature hot water storage tank 1a. The upstream end of the boiling outlet pipe 18 is connected to the lower part of the low temperature hot water storage tank 1a, and the downstream end of the boiling return pipe 19 is connected to the upper part of the high temperature hot water storage tank 1b.

尚、本実施例に於いて、制御装置３３は、
低温側貯湯タンク１ａ，高温側貯湯タンク１ｂ内の湯水の沸上時においては、実施例１で説明した制御と同様の制御を行う。 In this embodiment, the control device 33 is
When boiling the hot water in the low temperature side hot water storage tank 1a and the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b, the same control as that described in the first embodiment is performed.

このような構成とすることにより、貯湯タンクが複数の場合であっても、実施例１と同様、過圧逃し弁１０による放圧に伴う熱損失は最小限に抑えられるとともに、高温側貯湯タンク１ｂの頂部に空気が溜まるのを防止し、使用者が給湯管２９末端の給湯栓を開栓したときに、給湯栓から空気と湯とが一緒に放出されるような事態が防止される。   By adopting such a configuration, even when there are a plurality of hot water storage tanks, the heat loss due to the pressure release by the overpressure relief valve 10 can be minimized and the high temperature side hot water storage tank as in the first embodiment. Air is prevented from accumulating at the top of 1b, and when the user opens the hot water tap at the end of the hot water supply pipe 29, the situation where air and hot water are discharged together from the hot water tap is prevented.

尚、本実施例に於いては、沸上された高温の温水は高温側貯湯タンク１ｂに戻されるため、高温側貯湯タンク１ｂにおいて空気の析出が生じ、低温側貯湯タンク１ａでは空気の析出が殆ど生じない。従って、高温側貯湯タンク１ｂのみの空気抜きを行えばよい。   In this embodiment, since the hot hot water boiled is returned to the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b, air precipitation occurs in the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b, and air precipitation occurs in the low temperature side hot water storage tank 1a. It hardly occurs. Therefore, it is only necessary to vent the high temperature side hot water storage tank 1b.

１ 貯湯タンク
１ａ 低温側貯湯タンク
１ｂ 高温側貯湯タンク
２ ヒートポンプ
３ 追焚熱交換器
４ 沸上ポンプ
５ 追焚ポンプ
６ 風呂循環ポンプ
７，８ 切替三方弁
１０ 過圧逃し弁
１１，１２，４２ 三方混合弁
１３，１４，４３，４４，４５，４６ 逆止弁
１５ 開閉弁
１６ ヒートポンプ
１７ 沸上熱交換器
１８ 沸上往管
１９ 沸上戻管
２０ バイパス管
２１ 熱媒循環管
２２ 追焚往管
２３ 追焚戻管
２４，２５ 浴槽水循環管
２６ ベント管
２７ 給水管
２８ 減圧逆止弁
２９，２９ａ，２９ｂ 給湯管
３０ 分岐管
３１ 湯張管
３２ａ，３２ｂ，３２ｃ，３２ｄ，３２ｅ，３２ｆ，３２ｇ 温度センサ
３３ 制御装置
４１ ベンド管
４７，４８，４９，５０，５１ 温度センサ
Ｂ 浴槽 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot water storage tank 1a Low temperature side hot water storage tank 1b High temperature side hot water storage tank 2 Heat pump 3 Remembrance heat exchanger 4 Boiling pump 5 Remembrance pump 6 Bath circulation pumps 7, 8 Switching three-way valve 10 Overpressure relief valves 11, 12, 42 Three-way Mixing valve 13, 14, 43, 44, 45, 46 Check valve 15 On-off valve 16 Heat pump 17 Boiling heat exchanger 18 Boiling forward pipe 19 Boiling return pipe 20 Bypass pipe 21 Heating medium circulation pipe 22 Tracking pipe 23 Remembrance return pipes 24, 25 Bath water circulation pipe 26 Vent pipe 27 Water supply pipe 28 Depressurization check valve 29, 29a, 29b Hot water supply pipe 30 Branch pipe 31 Hot water pipe 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d, 32e, 32f, 32g Sensor 33 Control device 41 Bend pipe 47, 48, 49, 50, 51 Temperature sensor B Bathtub

Claims (4)

温水を貯湯する貯湯タンクと、
前記貯湯タンク内に貯留された湯水の沸上を行う沸上手段と、
前記貯湯タンクの上部に連通接続された第１の配管と、
前記貯湯タンクの下部に連通接続された第２の配管と、
前記貯湯タンク内の過圧を解放するためのベント管と、
前記ベント管に設けられた過圧逃し弁と、
第１ポート，第２ポート，第３ポートの３つのポートを備え、第１ポートには前記第１の配管が接続され、第２ポートには前記第２の配管が接続され、第３ポートにはベント管が連通された三方弁と、
前記沸上手段により前記貯湯タンク内の湯水の沸上を行う際には、前記三方弁を、前記第２ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通し前記第１ポートが遮断された状態に開度制御するとともに、間歇的に前記第１ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通するように切替制御する制御手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする貯湯式給湯装置。 A hot water storage tank for storing hot water,
A boiling means for boiling hot water stored in the hot water storage tank;
A first pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank;
A second pipe connected in communication with the lower part of the hot water storage tank;
A vent pipe for releasing the overpressure in the hot water storage tank;
An overpressure relief valve provided in the vent pipe;
There are three ports, a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is connected to the first port, the second port is connected to the second port, and the third port is connected to the third port. Is a three-way valve with a vent pipe,
When boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tank by the boiling means, the three-way valve is opened to the state where the second port and the third port communicate with each other and the first port is shut off. Control means for controlling and switching control so that the first port and the third port communicate intermittently;
A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising: 前記制御手段は、所定の時間おきに、前記三方弁を一時的に前記第１ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通するように開度制御することを特徴とする請求項１記載の貯湯式給湯装置。   The hot water storage hot water supply according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls the opening degree of the three-way valve so that the first port and the third port are temporarily communicated with each other at predetermined time intervals. apparatus. 前記制御手段は、前記貯湯タンク内の温度上昇の積算値が所定の値増加する毎に、前記三方弁を一時的に前記第１ポートと前記第３ポートとが連通するように開度制御することを特徴とする請求項１記載の貯湯式給湯装置。   The control means controls the opening degree of the three-way valve so that the first port and the third port are temporarily communicated each time the integrated value of the temperature rise in the hot water tank increases by a predetermined value. The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1. 前記貯湯タンクは、複数の貯湯タンクからなり、各貯湯タンクは、給水側の前段の貯湯タンクの上部がその後段の貯湯タンクの底部に配管接続された直列接続とされており、
前記第１の配管は、最後段の貯湯タンクの上部に連通接続され、
前記第２の配管は、最前段の貯湯タンクの下部に連通接続されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れか一記載の貯湯式給湯装置。 The hot water storage tank is composed of a plurality of hot water storage tanks, and each hot water storage tank has a series connection in which the upper part of the preceding hot water storage tank on the water supply side is connected to the bottom of the subsequent hot water storage tank,
The first pipe is connected in communication with the upper part of the last hot water storage tank,
The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second pipe is connected in communication with a lower portion of the hot water storage tank in the foremost stage.
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