JP5254660B2 - Control method for hot water heater - Google Patents

Control method for hot water heater Download PDF

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JP5254660B2
JP5254660B2 JP2008125496A JP2008125496A JP5254660B2 JP 5254660 B2 JP5254660 B2 JP 5254660B2 JP 2008125496 A JP2008125496 A JP 2008125496A JP 2008125496 A JP2008125496 A JP 2008125496A JP 5254660 B2 JP5254660 B2 JP 5254660B2
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hot water
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JP2009275941A (en
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真典 上田
勝巳 諸我
亮 荒木
佳広 野村
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Corona Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps

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Description

本発明は、熱源機で加熱した温水を建物内に配置された複数の温水暖房端末器へ循環させて暖房を行う温水暖房装置の制御方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for controlling a hot water heating apparatus that performs heating by circulating hot water heated by a heat source machine to a plurality of hot water heating terminals arranged in a building.

従来よりこの種の温水暖房装置おいては、特許文献１に示すように、熱源機で加熱した温水を建物内に配置された複数の床暖房パネルへ並列に循環させて暖房を行う温水暖房装置において、床の温度設定が一番高い暖房系統の温水の戻り温度が設定温度になるように温水往き温度を増減させ、この温水往き温度となるように熱源機の加熱量を制御すると共に、床温設定が一番高い暖房系統以外の暖房系統では、温水戻り温度が設定温度付近の所定範囲に入るように熱動弁を開閉するようにし、温水往き温度をできるだけ低下させて熱ロスを減らすようにしたものがあった。   Conventionally, in this type of hot water heating apparatus, as shown in Patent Document 1, hot water heating apparatus that circulates hot water heated by a heat source machine in parallel to a plurality of floor heating panels arranged in a building for heating is provided. In this case, the warm water going temperature is increased or decreased so that the return temperature of the hot water in the heating system having the highest floor temperature setting becomes the set temperature, and the heating amount of the heat source unit is controlled so as to be the warm water going temperature, and the floor In heating systems other than the heating system with the highest temperature setting, the heat valve is opened and closed so that the return temperature of the hot water falls within a predetermined range near the set temperature, and the heat loss temperature is reduced as much as possible to reduce heat loss. There was something to do.

一方、温水コンベクターや温水ラジエーターを用いた暖房システムにおいては、特許文献２に示すように、温水コンベクターや温水ラジエーターの温度を高めに保持して、各端末の温水出入口に設けたサーモバルブおよびサーモヘッドで雰囲気温度が設定室温を超えると温水の循環量を抑制することによって室温を制御するようにしているものがあった。
特開２００８−２５９４５号公報 特開平０８−１５２１５１号公報 On the other hand, in a heating system using a hot water convector or a hot water radiator, as shown in Patent Document 2, the temperature of the hot water convector or the hot water radiator is kept high, and a thermo valve provided at the hot water inlet / outlet of each terminal and Some thermo heads control the room temperature by suppressing the circulation rate of hot water when the ambient temperature exceeds the set room temperature.
JP 2008-25945 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-152151

しかし、この特許文献１のものにおいては、床暖房パネルがユーザーにより設定される設定温水戻り温度近傍の温度になるように、温水の戻り温度に基づいて熱源機が制御されるのみであるので、外気温度の変動による暖房負荷の増減については全く考慮されていないため過乗暖房や暖房不足が生じ、室温を制御することができないものであった。   However, in the thing of this patent document 1, since a heat source machine is only controlled based on the return temperature of warm water so that a floor heating panel may become the temperature of the setting warm water return temperature set by the user, Since the increase or decrease of the heating load due to fluctuations in the outside air temperature is not considered at all, overheating or insufficient heating occurs, and the room temperature cannot be controlled.

また、特許文献２のものにおいては、サーモバルブおよびサーモヘッドで室温が制御できるものの、温水往き温度あるいは温水戻り温度を高くせざるを得ないため、放熱ロスが多く発生してしまうものであった。   Moreover, in the thing of patent document 2, although room temperature can be controlled with a thermo valve and a thermo head, since a warm water going-out temperature or a warm water return temperature must be made high, many heat dissipation loss will generate | occur | produce. .

そこで、本発明は、温水往き温度をできるだけ低下させて熱ロスを減らすと共に、室温を制御することができるようにし、温水コンベクターや温水ラジエーターを用いた全館暖房に特に好適な温水暖房装置の制御方法を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention reduces the heat loss by reducing the hot water going temperature as much as possible, and can control the room temperature, and controls the hot water heating apparatus particularly suitable for the whole building heating using the hot water convector or the hot water radiator. It aims to provide a method.

本発明は、上記目的を達するため、熱源機で加熱した温水を複数の温水暖房端末器へ循環させて建物の暖房を行う温水暖房装置において、下記の式１から端末１台当たりの平均暖房出力ｗを算出し、（式１）ｗ＝ＱＡ（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）／Ｎ、（ｗ：端末１台当たりの平均暖房出力、Ｑ：建物の熱損失係数、Ａ：建物の床面積、Ｔｓ：設定暖房室温、Ｔａ：外気温度、Ｎ：建物に設置された温水暖房端末器の数）、予め記憶されている温水暖房端末器１台当たりの暖房出力と端末内部の平均温度から設定室温を差し引いた値との相関データを用い、下記の式２から端末内部平均温度Ｔを導出し、（式２）Ｔ＝ｆ（ｗ）＋Ｔｓ、（Ｔ：端末内部平均温度、ｆ（ｗ）：相関データのｗでの値）、下記の式３から端末出入口温度差ΔＴを算出し、（式３）ΔＴ＝ＱＡ（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）／Ｆ・ｋ、（ΔＴ：端末出入口温度差、Ｆ：温水循環流量、ｋ：係数）、下記の式４から目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを算出し、（式４）Ｔｏｓ＝Ｔ＋（ΔＴ／２）、（Ｔｏｓ：目標温水往き温度）、熱源機から送出する温水往き温度Ｔｏがこの目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓになるように熱源機の出力を制御すると共に、熱源機に戻ってくる温水戻り温度Ｔｉの安定後に、下記の式５によってＱＡの値を算出し、（式５）ＱＡ＝（Ｔｏ−Ｔｉ）Ｆ・ｋ／（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）、（Ｔｏ：温水往き温度、Ｔｉ：温水戻り温度）、前記式５で算出されたＱＡの値を用いて前記式１〜式４によって目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを再度算出するようにした。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an average heating output per terminal from the following formula 1 in a hot water heating apparatus for heating a building by circulating hot water heated by a heat source device to a plurality of hot water heating terminals. w is calculated, (Equation 1) w = QA (Ts−Ta) / N, (w: average heating output per terminal, Q: heat loss coefficient of building, A: floor area of building, Ts: setting Heating room temperature, Ta: outside air temperature, N: number of hot water heating terminals installed in the building), pre-stored heating output per hot water heating terminal and the average temperature inside the terminal were subtracted the set room temperature Using the correlation data with the value, the terminal internal average temperature T is derived from Equation 2 below, (Equation 2) T = f (w) + Ts, ( T : terminal internal average temperature, f (w): correlation data the value at w), the terminal inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT is calculated from Equation 3 below, ) ΔT = QA (Ts−Ta) / F · k, (ΔT: terminal inlet / outlet temperature difference, F: hot water circulation flow rate, k: coefficient), and the target hot water going-out temperature Tos is calculated from the following equation (4) ) Tos = T + (ΔT / 2), (Tos: target warm water going temperature), controlling the output of the heat source machine so that the warm water going temperature To sent from the heat source machine becomes this target hot water going temperature Tos, and the heat source After the warm water return temperature Ti returning to the machine is stabilized, the value of QA is calculated by the following formula (5): (Formula 5) QA = (To−Ti) F · k / (Ts−Ta), (To: hot water) The target warm water going temperature Tos is recalculated by the above formulas 1 to 4 using the QA value calculated by the above formula 5 (the going temperature, Ti: warm water return temperature).

さらに、下記の式６から目標温水戻り温度Ｔｉｓを算出し、（式６）Ｔｉｓ＝Ｔ−（ΔＴ／２）、（Ｔｉｓ：目標温水戻り温度）熱源機に戻ってくる温水の実際の温水戻り温度Ｔｉが前記目標温水戻り温度Ｔｉｓから一定値以上離れて安定した後に、前記式５によってＱＡの値を算出するようにした。 Further, the target warm water return temperature Tis is calculated from the following equation (6). (Equation 6) Tis = T− (ΔT / 2), (Tis: target warm water return temperature) The actual warm water return of the hot water returning to the heat source unit. After the temperature Ti stabilizes away from the target warm water return temperature Tis by a predetermined value or more, the value of QA is calculated by the equation 5.

前記熱源機として、圧縮機と冷媒−水熱交換器と減圧手段と空気熱交換器を有したヒートポンプ式加熱手段を用いるようにした。   As the heat source unit, a heat pump type heating unit having a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a decompression unit, and an air heat exchanger is used.

以上の制御方法とすることで、温水往き温度をできるだけ低下させて熱ロスを減らすと共に、室温を制御することができるようになった。   By adopting the above control method, it is possible to control the room temperature while reducing the hot water going temperature as much as possible to reduce heat loss.

次に、本発明の第１の実施形態であるヒートポンプ式の貯湯式給湯暖房装置について、図面に基づいて説明する。
１は湯水を貯湯する貯湯タンク、２は貯湯タンク１底部に接続された給水管、３は貯湯タンク１上部に接続された給湯管、４は貯湯タンク１内の湯水を循環加熱するヒートポンプ式加熱手段、５は貯湯タンク１底部とヒートポンプ式加熱手段４の入水側を接続するＨＰ往き管６とヒートポンプ式加熱手段４の出湯側と貯湯タンク１上部とを接続するＨＰ戻り管７から構成されるヒーポン循環回路である。 Next, a heat pump hot water storage type hot water supply / room heating apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, 2 is a water supply pipe connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1, 3 is a hot water supply pipe connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1, and 4 is a heat pump type heating that circulates and heats hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 Means 5 comprises an HP forward pipe 6 connecting the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 and the water inlet side of the heat pump type heating means 4, and an HP return pipe 7 connecting the hot water side of the heat pump type heating means 4 and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1. It is a heat-pump circuit.

８は温水コンベクターや温水ラジエーター等の温水を循環させて暖房を行うための温水暖房端末器、９は貯湯タンク１内の湯またはヒートポンプ式加熱手段４で加熱した湯を循環させて温水暖房端末器８を循環する二次側暖房循環水を加熱するための暖房用熱交換器、１０は温水暖房端末器８と暖房用熱交換器９とを暖房循環水を循環させる二次側循環回路、１１は二次側循環回路１０に設けられた二次側循環ポンプである。   8 is a hot water heating terminal for heating by circulating hot water such as a hot water convector or a hot water radiator, and 9 is a hot water heating terminal for circulating hot water in the hot water storage tank 1 or hot water heated by the heat pump heating means 4. A heating heat exchanger for heating the secondary side heating circulating water circulating in the water heater 8, and a secondary side circulation circuit for circulating the heating circulating water between the hot water heating terminal 8 and the heating heat exchanger 9, Reference numeral 11 denotes a secondary circulation pump provided in the secondary circulation circuit 10.

ここで、前記複数の温水暖房端末器８は温水往きヘッダー１２と温水戻りヘッダー１３によって二次側循環回路１０に並列に接続されて建物内の必要な箇所に配置されていると共に、各温水暖房端末器８の温水出入口には、雰囲気温度に応じて温水暖房端末器８内部へ流通する温水流量を調整するためのサーモバルブ１４およびサーモヘッド１５が設けられ、温水暖房端末器８の設置されている雰囲気温度がサーモヘッド１５で設定された温度になるようにサーモバルブ１４の開度が調整される。   Here, the plurality of hot water heating terminals 8 are connected in parallel to the secondary side circulation circuit 10 by a hot water going-out header 12 and a hot water return header 13 and arranged at necessary locations in the building, and each hot water heating The hot water inlet / outlet of the terminal 8 is provided with a thermo valve 14 and a thermo head 15 for adjusting the flow rate of the hot water flowing into the hot water heating terminal 8 according to the ambient temperature, and the hot water heating terminal 8 is installed. The opening degree of the thermo valve 14 is adjusted so that the ambient temperature becomes the temperature set by the thermo head 15.

１６は暖房用熱交換器９に湯を供給するための熱交往き管１７と暖房用熱交換器９を流出した湯を貯湯タンク１の下部へ戻すための熱交戻り管１８を備えた一次側循環回路、１９は一次側循環回路に設けられた一次側循環ポンプ、２０はＨＰ戻り管７と熱交往き管１１と接続した位置に設けられた分配弁で、ヒートポンプ式加熱手段４で加熱した湯を暖房用熱交換器９と貯湯タンク１とに任意の割合で分流するものである。   16 is a primary unit provided with a heat exchange pipe 17 for supplying hot water to the heating heat exchanger 9 and a heat exchange return pipe 18 for returning the hot water flowing out of the heating heat exchanger 9 to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1. The side circulation circuit, 19 is a primary side circulation pump provided in the primary side circulation circuit, and 20 is a distribution valve provided at a position connected to the HP return pipe 7 and the heat transfer pipe 11, and is heated by the heat pump heating means 4 The hot water is diverted to the heating heat exchanger 9 and the hot water storage tank 1 at an arbitrary ratio.

２１は暖房用熱交換器９の一次側の入口側に設けられれ一次側入口温度Ｔ１ｉを検出する一次側入口温度センサ、２２は一次側の出口側に設けられ一次側出口温度Ｔ１ｏを検出する一次側出口温度センサ、２３は二次側の入口側に設けられて温水暖房端末器９からの戻り温度である二次側入口温度Ｔｉを検出する二次側入口温度センサ、２４は二次側の出口側に設けられて温水暖房端末器９への往き温度である二次側出口温度Ｔｏを検出する二次側出口温度センサ、２５は二次側全体の温水循環流量を検出する流量センサである。   21 is a primary side inlet temperature sensor that is provided on the primary inlet side of the heating heat exchanger 9 and detects a primary side inlet temperature T1i, and 22 is a primary side that is provided on the primary side outlet side and detects a primary side outlet temperature T1o. The side outlet temperature sensor 23 is provided on the secondary side inlet side to detect the secondary side inlet temperature Ti which is the return temperature from the hot water heating terminal 9, and 24 is the secondary side temperature sensor. A secondary-side outlet temperature sensor 25 is provided on the outlet side and detects a secondary-side outlet temperature To which is a temperature going to the hot water heating terminal 9, and 25 is a flow rate sensor that detects a hot water circulation flow rate of the entire secondary side. .

次に、前記ヒートポンプ式加熱手段４について詳細に説明すると、２６は冷媒を圧縮して高圧にする圧縮機、２７は冷媒と水との間で熱交換させる冷媒−水熱交換器、２８は開度調整可能な電子膨張弁よりなる温度低下した冷媒を減圧する減圧手段、２９は低温低圧の冷媒と空気とを熱交換させて蒸発させる空気熱交換器、３０は空気熱交換器２９に空気を強制的に送る送風機であり、これらによってヒートポンプサイクル３１を構成している。   Next, the heat pump type heating means 4 will be described in detail. 26 is a compressor that compresses the refrigerant to a high pressure, 27 is a refrigerant-water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water, and 28 is open. Decompressing means for depressurizing the temperature-reduced refrigerant comprising an electronic expansion valve capable of adjusting the temperature, 29 is an air heat exchanger that evaporates by heat-exchanging the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and air, and 30 is the air heat exchanger 29 The blower is forcibly sent, and the heat pump cycle 31 is constituted by these.

３２はヒーポン循環回路５の途中に設けられたヒーポン循環ポンプ、３３は外気温度Ｔａを検出する外気温度センサ、３４は冷媒−水熱交換器２７の水入口側に設けられ入水温度Ｔｈｐｉを検出するヒーポン入水温度センサ、３５は冷媒−水熱交換器２７の水出口側に設けら出湯温度Ｔｈｐｏを検出するヒーポン出湯温度センサである。   32 is a heat pump circulation pump provided in the middle of the heat pump circulation circuit 5, 33 is an outside air temperature sensor for detecting the outside air temperature Ta, and 34 is provided on the water inlet side of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 27 to detect the incoming water temperature Thpi. A heat pump incoming water temperature sensor 35 is a heat pump hot water temperature sensor provided on the water outlet side of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 27 for detecting the hot water temperature Thpo.

そして、３６は貯湯タンク１の側面上下に複数設けられ貯湯タンク１内の貯湯温度を検出する貯湯温度センサ、３７は暖房運転の指示を行う運転スイッチ３８と全館の設定温度を設定する温度設定スイッチ３９と温度表示器４０を備えると共に、装置全体の初期設定値の入力を行うことが可能な暖房リモコン、４１は各センサの検出値が入力されて演算を行い各アクチュエータの作動を制御する制御装置で、試験等によって決められた各種のデータが設定記憶されているものである。   A plurality of hot water storage sensors 36 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the hot water storage tank 1 to detect the hot water storage temperature in the hot water storage tank 1, 37 is an operation switch 38 for instructing heating operation, and a temperature setting switch for setting the set temperature of the entire building. 39 and a temperature indicator 40, and a heating remote controller 41 capable of inputting initial set values for the entire apparatus, and 41 is a control device for controlling the operation of each actuator by calculating the values detected by the sensors. Thus, various data determined by a test or the like are set and stored.

次に、本発明のヒートポンプ式の貯湯式給湯暖房装置の作動について説明する。
まず、深夜時間帯になると、制御装置４１は、ヒートポンプ式加熱手段４とヒーポン循環ポンプ３２を作動し、貯湯タンク１下部から取り出した水を加熱して貯湯タンク１上部へ戻すようにして貯湯運転を行う。このとき、分配弁２０は貯湯タンク１側を全開として沸き上げた温水が全て貯湯タンク１の上部から戻るようにしている。 Next, the operation of the heat pump type hot water storage type hot water supply and heating apparatus of the present invention will be described.
First, at midnight, the control device 41 operates the heat pump heating means 4 and the heat pump circulation pump 32 to heat the water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 and return it to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1. I do. At this time, the distribution valve 20 fully opens the hot water storage tank 1 side so that all hot water boiled up returns from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1.

そして、蛇口（図示せず）が開かれると、給水管２から市水が貯湯タンク１底部に流入し、貯湯タンク１上部から湯が給湯管３を介して蛇口から給湯され給湯運転が行われるものである。   When the faucet (not shown) is opened, city water flows from the water supply pipe 2 into the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1, hot water is supplied from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 through the hot water supply pipe 3, and a hot water supply operation is performed. Is.

次に、暖房運転を行う際の作動について説明する。暖房運転の要求があると、制御装置４１は、ヒートポンプ式加熱手段４とヒーポン循環ポンプ３２と一次側循環ポンプ１９を作動させると共に、二次側循環ポンプ１１を一定の能力で作動させる。このとき、分配弁２０は暖房用熱交換器９側を全開とする。これにより、一次側では貯湯タンク１の底部からの低温水がヒートポンプ式加熱手段４で加熱され、加熱された高温水が暖房用熱交換器９へ流通し、温度低下した温水が貯湯タンク１の下部へ戻されると共に、二次側では暖房用熱交換器９で熱交換して加熱された暖房循環水が温水暖房端末器８へ循環して暖房を行い、温度低下した暖房循環水が再度暖房用熱交換器９へ循環する。   Next, the operation | movement at the time of performing heating operation is demonstrated. When there is a request for the heating operation, the control device 41 operates the heat pump type heating means 4, the heat pump circulation pump 32, and the primary side circulation pump 19, and activates the secondary side circulation pump 11 with a certain capacity. At this time, the distribution valve 20 fully opens the heating heat exchanger 9 side. Thereby, on the primary side, the low-temperature water from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1 is heated by the heat pump heating means 4, the heated high-temperature water flows to the heating heat exchanger 9, and the hot water whose temperature has decreased is stored in the hot water storage tank 1. While returning to the lower part, on the secondary side, the heated circulating water heated by exchanging heat in the heating heat exchanger 9 is circulated to the hot water heating terminal 8 for heating, and the heated circulating water whose temperature has decreased is heated again. It circulates to the heat exchanger 9 for use.

このとき、二次側出口温度センサ２４が検出する温水往き温度Ｔｏが後述する二次側の目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓとなるように一次側の加熱能力が制御される。本実施形態の場合は、ヒートポンプ式加熱手段４の加熱能力を増減することで温水往き温度Ｔｏを制御しているものである。   At this time, the heating capacity on the primary side is controlled so that the warm water going temperature To detected by the secondary side outlet temperature sensor 24 becomes the secondary target hot water going temperature Tos described later. In the case of this embodiment, the warm water going-to temperature To is controlled by increasing or decreasing the heating capacity of the heat pump heating means 4.

ここで、前記制御手段４１は前記目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを決定する方法のプログラムが記憶されており、これを図２に示すフローチャートに基づいて説明する。   Here, the control means 41 stores a program of a method for determining the target hot water going-out temperature Tos, and this will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG.

先ずは、ステップ１（以下、Ｓ１と略す）で、暖房リモコン３７を用いて定数の初期設定を行う。建物の熱損失係数Ｑ（Ｗ／ｍ２Ｋ）と建物の暖房面積Ａ（ｍ２）と温水暖房端末器８の設置台数Ｎ（台）を入力設定する。なお、このＳ１のステップはこの温水暖房装置の設置時の設定および試運転時に行われるものである。 First, in step 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as S1), constant initialization is performed using the heating remote controller 37. The heat loss coefficient Q (W / m 2 K) of the building, the heating area A (m 2 ) of the building, and the number N (units) of the hot water heating terminals 8 are set. In addition, this step of S1 is performed at the time of setting and trial operation at the time of installation of this hot water heating apparatus.

Ｓ２では、暖房リモコン３７でユーザーが設定した全館の設定暖房室温Ｔｓ（℃）と、外気温度センサ３３で検出した外気温度Ｔａ（℃）と、Ｓ１で設定されたＱＡの値およびＮの値から以下の式１で温水暖房端末器８の１台当たりの平均暖房出力ｗ（Ｗ）を算出する。
（式１）ｗ＝ＱＡ（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）／Ｎ In S2, from the setting heating room temperature Ts (° C.) of the entire building set by the user with the heating remote controller 37, the outside air temperature Ta (° C.) detected by the outside air temperature sensor 33, the QA value and the N value set in S1 The average heating output w (W) per one hot water heating terminal 8 is calculated by the following formula 1.
(Formula 1) w = QA (Ts-Ta) / N

次に、Ｓ３では、予め制御装置４１に記憶されている温水暖房端末器８の１台当たりの平均暖房出力に対する温水暖房端末器８の端末内部平均温度Ｔ（℃）と設定暖房室温Ｔｓの差の相関データｆ（ｗ）から平均暖房出力ｗに対するＴ−Ｔｓの値を導出し、以下の式２で現在必要な温水暖房端末器８の端末内部平均温度Ｔを算出する。
（式２）Ｔ＝ｆ（ｗ）＋Ｔｓ Next, in S3, the difference between the terminal internal average temperature T (° C.) of the hot water heating terminal 8 and the set heating room temperature Ts with respect to the average heating output per unit of the hot water heating terminal 8 stored in the control device 41 in advance. The value of T- Ts with respect to the average heating output w is derived from the correlation data f (w), and the terminal internal average temperature T of the hot water heating terminal 8 currently required is calculated by the following equation 2.
(Formula 2) T = f (w) + Ts

Ｓ４では、前記ＱＡの値と、設定暖房室温Ｔｓと、外気温度Ｔａと、流量センサ２５で検出する二次側の温水循環流量Ｆ（Ｌ／ｍｉｎ）とから以下の式３で暖房用熱交換器９の二次側温水の端末出入口温度差ΔＴを算出する。ここで、ｋは係数である。
（式３）ΔＴ＝ＱＡ（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）／Ｆ・ｋ In S4, the heat exchange for heating is performed by the following formula 3 from the value of the QA, the set heating room temperature Ts, the outside air temperature Ta, and the secondary-side hot water circulation flow rate F (L / min) detected by the flow sensor 25. The terminal inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT of the secondary hot water of the vessel 9 is calculated. Here, k is a coefficient.
(Expression 3) ΔT = QA (Ts−Ta) / F · k

次に、Ｓ５では、前記Ｓ３およびＳ４で算出した端末内部平均温度Ｔと端末出入口温度差ΔＴから以下の式４で目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓ（℃）を算出する。
（式４）Ｔｏｓ＝Ｔ＋（ΔＴ／２） Next, in S5, the target warm water going-out temperature Tos (° C.) is calculated from the terminal internal average temperature T calculated in S3 and S4 and the terminal inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT by the following equation 4.
(Formula 4) Tos = T + (ΔT / 2)

そして、制御装置４１は、前記二次側出口温度センサ２４で検出する温水往き温度Ｔｏが前記目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓになるように暖房用熱交換器９の一次側の加熱能力を制御すると共に、前記二次側入口温度センサ２３が検出する温水戻り温度Ｔｉが安定するかを監視する（Ｓ６）。   The control device 41 controls the heating capacity on the primary side of the heating heat exchanger 9 so that the hot water going temperature To detected by the secondary side outlet temperature sensor 24 becomes the target hot water going temperature Tos, It is monitored whether the warm water return temperature Ti detected by the secondary side inlet temperature sensor 23 is stabilized (S6).

ここで、実際の温水戻り温度Ｔｉが安定したと判断されると（Ｓ６でＹｅｓ）、実際の温水往き温度Ｔｏ、実際の温水戻り温度Ｔｉ、温水循環流量Ｆ、設定暖房室温Ｔｓ、外気温度Ｔａから以下の式５でＱＡの値を算出する。
（式５）ＱＡ＝（Ｔｏ−Ｔｉ）Ｆ・ｋ／（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ） If it is determined that the actual warm water return temperature Ti is stable (Yes in S6), the actual warm water return temperature To, the actual warm water return temperature Ti, the warm water circulation flow rate F, the set heating room temperature Ts, and the outside air temperature Ta. From the above, the QA value is calculated by the following equation (5).
(Formula 5) QA = (To-Ti) F.k / (Ts-Ta)

そして、算出したＱＡの値を用いて再度Ｓ２〜Ｓ５の計算を行い、その時点で最適な目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを算出することができ、温水往き温度Ｔｏをできるだけ低下させて熱ロスを減らすと共に、室温を設定暖房温度Ｔｓ付近に制御することができる。   Then, the calculation of S2 to S5 is performed again using the calculated QA value, and the optimum target hot water going-out temperature Tos can be calculated at that time, and the hot water going-up temperature To is reduced as much as possible to reduce heat loss. The room temperature can be controlled in the vicinity of the set heating temperature Ts.

さらに、実際の温水戻り温度Ｔｉが安定した際に再度ＱＡの値を再計算するので、例えば、サーモヘッド１５の設定温度が低く設定されることが多い玄関やホールに設けられている温水暖房端末器８のサーモバルブ１４およびサーモヘッド１５の閉止動作あるいは開動作によって暖房する住宅面積が急変するような状況の変化があっても、ＱＡの値を再計算することで、その時点の状況に最適な目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを算出することができ、温水往き温度Ｔｏをできるだけ低下させて熱ロスを減らすと共に、室温を設定暖房室温Ｔｓ付近に制御することができる。   Further, since the QA value is recalculated again when the actual hot water return temperature Ti is stabilized, for example, the hot water heating terminal provided at the entrance or hall where the set temperature of the thermo head 15 is often set low. Even if there is a change in the situation where the house area to be heated changes suddenly due to the closing operation or opening operation of the thermo valve 14 and the thermo head 15 of the vessel 8, the value of QA is recalculated and is optimal for the situation at that time The target warm water going temperature Tos can be calculated, the hot water going temperature To is reduced as much as possible to reduce heat loss, and the room temperature can be controlled in the vicinity of the set heating room temperature Ts.

なお、前記Ｓ３およびＳ４で算出した端末内部平均温度Ｔと端末出入口温度差ΔＴから以下の式６で目標温水戻り温度Ｔｉｓ（℃）を算出するようにしてもよい。
（式６）Ｔｉｓ＝Ｔ−（ΔＴ／２） The target hot water return temperature Tis (° C.) may be calculated by the following formula 6 from the terminal internal average temperature T calculated in S3 and S4 and the terminal inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT.
(Formula 6) Tis = T− (ΔT / 2)

この式６で求めた目標温水戻り温度Ｔｉｓから実際の温水戻り温度Ｔｉが一定値以上離れて安定した時点でＱＡの値を計算するようにすれば、状況が大きく変化した時を明確に認識させることができ、再計算の頻度を減らすことができる。   If the QA value is calculated when the actual hot water return temperature Ti is separated from the target hot water return temperature Tis obtained by the equation 6 by a predetermined value or more and stabilized, it is clearly recognized when the situation has changed greatly. And the frequency of recalculation can be reduced.

また、温水戻り温度Ｔｉが目標温水戻り温度Ｔｉｓ付近に安定していても、外気温度Ｔａが一定以上変化した場合、あるいは設定暖房室温Ｔｓが変更された場合には、即時目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを再度算出するようにして、再計算の頻度を減らしつつも、暖房負荷の変動に即時対応することができる。   Even if the warm water return temperature Ti is stable near the target warm water return temperature Tis, if the outside air temperature Ta changes more than a certain value, or if the set heating room temperature Ts is changed, the immediate target warm water return temperature Tos is set. By calculating again, it is possible to immediately cope with the fluctuation of the heating load while reducing the frequency of recalculation.

このように、温水往き温度Ｔｏをできるだけ低下させられるので、ヒートポンプ式加熱手段４で温水を加熱する際のＣＯＰ（加熱効率）を向上させることができる。   Thus, since the warm water going temperature To can be lowered as much as possible, the COP (heating efficiency) when heating the warm water by the heat pump heating means 4 can be improved.

以上のように、本発明によれば、温水往き温度をできるだけ低下させて熱ロスを減らすと共に、室温を制御することができるようにし、温水コンベクターや温水ラジエーターを用いた全館暖房に特に好適な温水暖房装置の制御方法を提供することできたものである。   As described above, according to the present invention, the warm water going temperature is reduced as much as possible to reduce the heat loss, and the room temperature can be controlled, which is particularly suitable for the whole building heating using the warm water convector or the warm water radiator. The control method of the hot water heater was able to be provided.

なお、本実施形態においては、流量センサ２５にて実際の温水循環流量Ｆを検出するようにしたが、流量センサ２５を用いずに、Ｓ１のステップにて設計流量を入力設定し、設計流量を温水循環流量Ｆとして用いるようにしてもよい。   In the present embodiment, the actual hot water circulation flow rate F is detected by the flow rate sensor 25, but the design flow rate is input and set at step S1 without using the flow rate sensor 25, and the design flow rate is set. The hot water circulation flow rate F may be used.

また、各温水暖房端末器８の全てにサーモバルブ１４およびサーモヘッド１５を設けているが、玄関やホール等の暖房要求温度の低い一部を除いて、設定暖房温度Ｔｓに保持しようとする部屋等の温水暖房端末器８からサーモバルブ１４およびサーモヘッド１５を設けないようにすることもできる。   Moreover, although the thermo valve 14 and the thermo head 15 are provided in all the hot-water heating terminals 8, the room which is going to hold | maintain to setting heating temperature Ts except a part with low heating required temperature, such as an entrance and a hall. It is also possible not to provide the thermo valve 14 and the thermo head 15 from the hot water heating terminal 8 such as the above.

また、二次側の温水を加熱する構成をヒートポンプ式加熱手段４による間接加熱としたが、貯湯タンク１の貯湯温水による間接加熱や、ヒートポンプ式加熱手段４による直接加熱や、ガス燃料あるいは石油燃料の燃焼による直接加熱としてもよいもので、温水暖房端末器８へ循環させる温水の温水往き温度Ｔｉが目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓになるように制御できる加熱手段であればよいものである。   Moreover, although the structure which heats the secondary side warm water was indirect heating by the heat pump type heating means 4, indirect heating by the hot water storage hot water of the hot water storage tank 1, direct heating by the heat pump type heating means 4, gas fuel or petroleum fuel Any heating means can be used as long as it can be controlled so that the warm water warming temperature Ti circulated to the warm water heating terminal 8 becomes the target warm water warming temperature Tos.

また、本発明は、前記式２〜式４を１つの式としてまとめて以下の式７を用いて計算するようにしてもよいものである。
（式７）Ｔｏｓ＝ｆ（ｗ）＋Ｔｓ＋ＱＡ（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）／Ｆ・ｋ・２ In the present invention, the formulas 2 to 4 may be combined into one formula and calculated using the following formula 7.
(Expression 7) Tos = f (w) + Ts + QA (Ts−Ta) / F · k · 2

本発明の一実施形態のシステム図。1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 同一実施形態の制御方法を説明するフローチャート。The flowchart explaining the control method of the same embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

４ ヒートポンプ式加熱手段（熱源機）
８ 温水暖房端末器 4 Heat pump type heating means (heat source machine)
8 Hot water heating terminal

Claims (3)

熱源機で加熱した温水を複数の温水暖房端末器へ循環させて建物の暖房を行う温水暖房装置において、
下記の式１から端末１台当たりの平均暖房出力ｗを算出し、
（式１）ｗ＝ＱＡ（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）／Ｎ
ｗ：端末１台当たりの平均暖房出力
Ｑ：建物の熱損失係数
Ａ：建物の床面積
Ｔｓ：設定暖房室温
Ｔａ：外気温度
Ｎ：建物に設置された温水暖房端末器の数
予め記憶されている温水暖房端末器１台当たりの暖房出力と端末内部の平均温度から設定室温を差し引いた値との相関データを用い、下記の式２から端末内部平均温度Ｔを導出し、
（式２）Ｔ＝ｆ（ｗ）＋Ｔｓ
Ｔ：端末内部平均温度
ｆ（ｗ）：相関データのｗでの値
下記の式３から端末出入口温度差ΔＴを算出し、
（式３）ΔＴ＝ＱＡ（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）／Ｆ・ｋ
ΔＴ：端末出入口温度差
Ｆ：温水循環流量
ｋ：係数
下記の式４から目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを算出し、
（式４）Ｔｏｓ＝Ｔ＋（ΔＴ／２）
Ｔｏｓ：目標温水往き温度
熱源機から送出する温水往き温度Ｔｏがこの目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓになるように熱源機の出力を制御すると共に、
熱源機に戻ってくる温水戻り温度Ｔｉの安定後に、下記の式５によってＱＡの値を算出し、
（式５）ＱＡ＝（Ｔｏ−Ｔｉ）Ｆ・ｋ／（Ｔｓ−Ｔａ）
Ｔｏ：温水往き温度
Ｔｉ：温水戻り温度
前記式５で算出されたＱＡの値を用いて前記式１〜式４によって目標温水往き温度Ｔｏｓを再度算出するようにしたことを特徴とする温水暖房装置の制御方法。 In a hot water heating apparatus for heating a building by circulating hot water heated by a heat source machine to a plurality of hot water heating terminals,
Calculate the average heating output w per terminal from Equation 1 below.
(Formula 1) w = QA (Ts-Ta) / N
w: Average heating output per terminal
Q: Building heat loss coefficient
A: Building floor area
Ts: Set heating room temperature
Ta: outside air temperature
N: Number of hot water heating terminals installed in the building Using the correlation data between the heating output per hot water heating terminal stored in advance and the value obtained by subtracting the set room temperature from the average temperature inside the terminal, Deriving the terminal internal average temperature T from Equation 2,
(Formula 2) T = f (w) + Ts
T : Terminal internal average temperature
f (w): value at w of the correlation data The terminal inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT is calculated from the following Equation 3;
(Expression 3) ΔT = QA (Ts−Ta) / F · k
ΔT: Terminal inlet / outlet temperature difference
F: Hot water circulation flow rate
k: coefficient The target hot water going-out temperature Tos is calculated from Equation 4 below,
(Formula 4) Tos = T + (ΔT / 2)
Tos: Control of the output of the heat source machine so that the hot water going temperature To sent from the target hot water going temperature heat source machine becomes the target hot water going temperature Tos,
After the warm water return temperature Ti returning to the heat source machine is stabilized, the value of QA is calculated by the following formula 5,
(Formula 5) QA = (To-Ti) F.k / (Ts-Ta)
To: Warm water temperature
Ti: Hot water return temperature A control method for a hot water heating apparatus, wherein the target hot water going-out temperature Tos is recalculated by the equations 1 to 4 using the QA value calculated by the equation 5. 下記の式６から目標温水戻り温度Ｔｉｓを算出し、
（式６）Ｔｉｓ＝Ｔ−（ΔＴ／２）
Ｔｉｓ：目標温水戻り温度
熱源機に戻ってくる温水の実際の温水戻り温度Ｔｉが前記目標温水戻り温度Ｔｉｓから一定値以上離れて安定した後に、前記式５によってＱＡの値を算出するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の温水暖房装置の制御方法。 The target warm water return temperature Tis is calculated from the following formula 6,
(Formula 6) Tis = T− (ΔT / 2)
Tis: target warm water return temperature After the actual warm water return temperature Ti returned to the heat source machine is stabilized away from the target warm water return temperature Tis by a predetermined value or more, the QA value is calculated by the above equation 5. The method for controlling a hot water heater according to claim 1. 前記熱源機として、圧縮機と冷媒−水熱交換器と減圧手段と空気熱交換器を有したヒートポンプ式加熱手段を用いていることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の温水暖房装置の制御方法。   The control of the hot water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a heat pump heating means having a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a decompression means, and an air heat exchanger is used as the heat source device. Method.
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