JP5221927B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

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JP5221927B2
JP5221927B2 JP2007273653A JP2007273653A JP5221927B2 JP 5221927 B2 JP5221927 B2 JP 5221927B2 JP 2007273653 A JP2007273653 A JP 2007273653A JP 2007273653 A JP2007273653 A JP 2007273653A JP 5221927 B2 JP5221927 B2 JP 5221927B2
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crushing
crushing chamber
chamber
processed material
blade
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JP2009101268A (en
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大樹 佐藤
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三愛エコシステム株式会社
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Description

本発明は、工作機械などにおいて発生した切粉などの処理対象物を破砕するとともに、混入したチップやワークなどの異物を除去する破砕処理装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus for crushing a processing object such as chips generated in a machine tool or the like and removing foreign matters such as mixed chips and workpieces.

従来、工作機械による機械加工などにおいて発生した切粉などの処理対象物を、切断して減容処理する破砕処理装置が知られている。本出願人は、処理対象物を破砕する刃のメンテナンスを容易にするために、先端の鋭利な固定刃および回転刃を用いて破砕対象物を切断するのではなく、回転体の周囲に形成された突起状の破砕刃に、破砕対象物を引掛け、回転体の外側に配置された固定破砕部材に開けられた孔と協働して、破砕対象物を折り曲げ或いは引き延ばし、その繰り返しによって、破砕対象物を細かくする装置を提案している（特許文献１）。これにより、刃の欠損や破損のおそれを著しく小さくでき、かつ、刃の磨耗があっても処理能力がそれほど悪化しないような破砕処理装置を提供することができた。
特開２００３−１２６７１８号公報 特開２００５−２９６７９５号公報 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a crushing apparatus that cuts and reduces the volume of a processing object such as chips generated in machining by a machine tool. In order to facilitate the maintenance of the blade for crushing the object to be processed, the present applicant does not cut the object to be crushed using a fixed blade and a rotary blade with a sharp tip but is formed around the rotating body. The object to be crushed is hooked on the protruding crushing blade, and the object to be crushed is folded or stretched in cooperation with a hole opened in the fixed crushing member arranged outside the rotating body, and the crushing object is repeatedly broken. The apparatus which makes a target fine is proposed (patent document 1). As a result, it was possible to provide a crushing apparatus that can significantly reduce the risk of blade breakage and breakage, and that does not deteriorate processing ability so much even if the blade is worn.
JP 2003-126718 A JP-A-2005-296895

処理対象物にはチップやワークなどの異物が混入することが多く、破砕処理装置は、異物による刃の欠損や破損を防止することが望ましい。たとえば、特許文献１に開示された破砕処理装置においては、異物が挟まり、回転刃の回転が阻害され、モータに過電流が流れた際に、モータを逆回転させて、異物を戻すように動作させている。この手法においては、刃の破損を防止することはできるものの、異物を簡単に除去することは容易ではなかった。   In many cases, foreign substances such as chips and workpieces are mixed into the object to be processed, and it is desirable for the crushing processing apparatus to prevent the blade from being damaged or broken by the foreign substances. For example, in the crushing processing apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, when a foreign object is caught and rotation of the rotary blade is obstructed and an overcurrent flows through the motor, the motor is reversely rotated to return the foreign object. I am letting. Although this method can prevent the blade from being damaged, it has not been easy to remove the foreign matters.

特許文献２には、処理対象物の送り込み側に傾斜して配置された誘導板に沿って異物が下方に移動し、当該誘導板の下端に配置された孔から排出されるような破砕処理装置が開示されている。このように、異物は異物で回転刃と固定破砕板との間に挟まることなく、装置外に円滑に排出させるような破砕処理装置が望ましい。   Patent Document 2 discloses a crushing processing apparatus in which a foreign object moves downward along a guide plate arranged to be inclined to the processing object feed-in side and is discharged from a hole arranged at the lower end of the guide plate. Is disclosed. In this way, it is desirable to use a crushing apparatus that allows the foreign matter to be smoothly discharged outside the apparatus without being sandwiched between the rotary blade and the fixed crushing plate.

たとえば、ＮＣ自動盤からは、切粉のほか、軸端（先端カット材）とよばれる２０ｍｍ〜７０ｍｍ程度の長さのシャフトの端材が、１本の棒材あたり１つは確実に異物として混入される。このような端材を円滑に排出することが特に望まれている。   For example, from the NC automatic board, in addition to chips, shaft end material of about 20mm to 70mm length called shaft end (tip cutting material) is surely used as one foreign material per bar. It is mixed. It is particularly desired to smoothly discharge such end materials.

本発明は、処理対象物に混入した異物をより確実に除去できる破砕処理装置を提供することを目的とする。   An object of this invention is to provide the crushing processing apparatus which can remove the foreign material mixed in the process target object more reliably.

本発明の目的は、上流側に配置され、上側が開口し、投入された処理物を受け入れる第１の破砕室と、前記第１の破砕室内を貫くように配置され、前記第１の破砕室に投入された処理物を、破砕しつつ下流側に搬送する破砕・搬送手段と、前記第１の破砕室の下流側に隣接して配置された第２の破砕室と、前記第２の破砕室に配置され、前記破砕・搬送手段により搬送された処理物をさらに破砕する破砕手段と、前記破砕・搬送手段および前記破砕手段を回転駆動する駆動手段とを備え、
前記破砕・搬送手段が、前記破砕手段の回転軸と同軸上に設けられ、前記駆動手段により回転駆動される軸部と、その周囲に形成されたスクリュー羽根とを有し、
前記破砕手段が、前記軸部から半径方向に突出した回転破砕刃を有し、
前記第２の破砕室が、前記第１の破砕室と連なって配置され、かつ、少なくともその下側部分の断面形状が円弧状であり、当該下側部分に異物排出孔を有することを特徴とする破砕処理装置により達成される。 The object of the present invention is to arrange the first crushing chamber, which is arranged on the upstream side, the upper crushing chamber is open, the first crushing chamber is received through the first crushing chamber. A crushing / conveying means for crushing the processed material that has been input to the downstream side while crushing, a second crushing chamber disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the first crushing chamber, and the second crushing A crushing means disposed in a chamber and further crushing the processed product conveyed by the crushing / conveying means, and a driving means for rotationally driving the crushing / conveying means and the crushing means,
The crushing / conveying means is provided coaxially with the rotation shaft of the crushing means, and has a shaft portion that is rotationally driven by the driving means, and screw blades formed around the shaft portion,
The crushing means has a rotary crushing blade protruding in a radial direction from the shaft portion,
The second crushing chamber is arranged continuously with the first crushing chamber, and at least the lower portion thereof has an arcuate cross section, and has a foreign matter discharge hole in the lower portion. Achieved by a crushing apparatus.

好ましい実施態様においては、前記破砕手段が、軸方向に第２の破砕室の長さにわたって位置する回転破砕刃を有する。   In a preferred embodiment, the crushing means has a rotary crushing blade positioned in the axial direction over the length of the second crushing chamber.

また、好ましい実施態様においては、前記破砕手段が、単一の回転破砕刃を有する。   In a preferred embodiment, the crushing means has a single rotary crushing blade.

別の好ましい実施態様においては、前記第２の破砕室の軸方向の長さが、前記第１の破砕室の軸方向の長さよりも十分に小さい。   In another preferred embodiment, the axial length of the second crushing chamber is sufficiently smaller than the axial length of the first crushing chamber.

また、好ましい実施態様においては、前記第２の破砕室が、前記下側部分の中央部、および、中央部から周方向に沿った両側に３つの異物排出孔を有する。   In a preferred embodiment, the second crushing chamber has a central portion of the lower portion and three foreign matter discharge holes on both sides along the circumferential direction from the central portion.

さらに別の好ましい実施態様においては、前記第１の破砕室の上流に、前記破砕・搬送手段の軸部を受け入れる軸受を有し、かつ、前記第１の破砕室の上流端部の壁に小孔が形成され、かつ、前記軸受と前記上流端部の壁との間に隙間が形成される。   In still another preferred embodiment, a bearing for receiving the shaft portion of the crushing / conveying means is provided upstream of the first crushing chamber, and a small wall is provided on the upstream end portion of the first crushing chamber. A hole is formed, and a gap is formed between the bearing and the wall at the upstream end.

また、別の好ましい実施態様においては、前記第１の破砕室の下流端部の壁と前記軸部との間に隙間が形成され、かつ、前記駆動部材と前記下流端部の壁との間に隙間が形成される。   In another preferred embodiment, a gap is formed between the wall of the downstream end portion of the first crushing chamber and the shaft portion, and between the drive member and the wall of the downstream end portion. A gap is formed.

さらに別の好ましい実施態様においては、前記第１の破砕室において、前記破砕・搬送手段が処理物を下流側に搬送するために正転している際に、処理物が前記第１の破砕室の下部から移動される側の面に、前記第２の破砕室との連結部付近でかつ開口付近に、所定の長さの誘導板が取り付けられる。   In still another preferred embodiment, in the first crushing chamber, when the crushing / conveying means is rotating forward to convey the processed material downstream, the processed material is in the first crushing chamber. A guide plate having a predetermined length is attached to the surface on the side moved from the lower portion of the guide plate, in the vicinity of the connecting portion with the second crushing chamber and in the vicinity of the opening.

本発明によれば、処理対象物に混入した異物をより確実に除去できる破砕処理装置を提供することが可能となる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the crushing processing apparatus which can remove the foreign material mixed in the process target object more reliably.

以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。図１は、本実施の形態にかかる破砕処理装置の平面図、図２は、破砕処理装置の部分断面略正面図、図３は、破砕処理装置のＡ−Ａ断面図である。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a crushing treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a schematic partial front view of the crushing treatment apparatus, and FIG. 3 is an AA cross-sectional view of the crushing treatment apparatus.

図１に示すように、破砕処理装置１０は、上側に開口１１を有し、投入された処理物を受け入れるとともに、後述する破砕・搬送部材１４と協働して、受け入れた処理物を予備的に破砕する第１の破砕室１２と、第１の破砕室１２および後述する第２の破砕室１６を貫くように配置され、第１の破砕室１２に投入された処理物を、下流側に搬送するとともに、処理物を破砕する破砕・搬送部材１４と、第１の破砕室１２の下流側に隣接して配置され、破砕・搬送部材１４により破砕されつつ搬送された処理物を、後述する回転破砕刃２０と協働して、さらに破砕する第２の破砕室１８と、破砕・搬送部材１４を回転駆動する駆動装置１８と、を備えている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the crushing processing apparatus 10 has an opening 11 on the upper side, and accepts an inputted processed material, and cooperates with a crushing / conveying member 14 described later to preliminarily receive the processed material. The first crushing chamber 12 to be crushed, the first crushing chamber 12 and a second crushing chamber 16 to be described later are disposed so as to pass the processed material introduced into the first crushing chamber 12 to the downstream side. The crushing / conveying member 14 that conveys and crushes the processed material, and the processed material that is disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the first crushing chamber 12 and is crushed by the crushing / conveying member 14 will be described later. In cooperation with the rotary crushing blade 20, a second crushing chamber 18 for further crushing, and a driving device 18 that rotationally drives the crushing / conveying member 14 are provided.

第１の破砕室１２の上側には、その下部が開口１１と整合するようなホッパ（図示せず）を取り付けることができる。   On the upper side of the first crushing chamber 12, a hopper (not shown) whose lower part is aligned with the opening 11 can be attached.

図１ないし図３に示すように、破砕・搬送部材１４の軸１９は、第１の破砕室１２および第２の破砕室１６を貫いて延び、第２の破砕室１６の下流側の端部で駆動装置１８に連結される。これにより、駆動装置１８の正方向の回転（正転）および逆方向の回転（逆転）にともなって、破砕・搬送部材１４も回転する。   As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shaft 19 of the crushing / conveying member 14 extends through the first crushing chamber 12 and the second crushing chamber 16, and the downstream end of the second crushing chamber 16. To the drive unit 18. As a result, the crushing / conveying member 14 also rotates as the drive device 18 rotates in the forward direction (forward rotation) and in the reverse direction (reverse rotation).

第２の破砕室１６において、破砕・搬送部材１４の軸１９には、当該軸１９の半径方向に延びる回転破砕刃２０が取り付けられている。本実施の形態においては、単一の回転破砕刃２０が軸１９に取り付けられる。回転破砕刃２０は、軸方向に、第２の破砕室１６より若干小さい程度の長さを有するため、第２の破砕室１６の軸方向ほぼ全体にわたって位置することになる。   In the second crushing chamber 16, a rotary crushing blade 20 extending in the radial direction of the shaft 19 is attached to the shaft 19 of the crushing / conveying member 14. In the present embodiment, a single rotary crushing blade 20 is attached to the shaft 19. Since the rotary crushing blade 20 has a length that is slightly smaller than the second crushing chamber 16 in the axial direction, the rotary crushing blade 20 is positioned over substantially the entire axial direction of the second crushing chamber 16.

第１の破砕室１２において、破砕・搬送手段１４は、軸１９の周囲に取り付けられたスクリュー２２を有する。スクリュー２２は、第１の破砕室１２の最上流部から最下流部まで、第１の破砕室１２の軸方向（長手方向）の全体にわたって配置されている。   In the first crushing chamber 12, the crushing / conveying means 14 has a screw 22 attached around the shaft 19. The screw 22 is disposed over the entire axial direction (longitudinal direction) of the first crushing chamber 12 from the most upstream portion to the most downstream portion of the first crushing chamber 12.

図４は、本実施の形態にかかる破砕処理装置のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。図４に示すように、第１の破砕室１２は、上側に開口１１が設けられたフレーム２３を有する、フレーム２３の上側半部においては、ほぼ垂直な側壁を有する側部２４、２６を有する。また、フレーム２３の下側半部においては、断面形状が円弧状の下部２８を有する。スクリュー２２と下部２８との間には隙間２９が存在する。 FIG. 4 is a BB cross-sectional view of the crushing treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the first crushing chamber 12 has a frame 23 with an opening 11 provided on the upper side. In the upper half of the frame 23, the first crushing chamber 12 has side parts 24 and 26 having substantially vertical side walls. . In the lower half of the frame 23, the cross-sectional shape having an arcuate bottom 28. A gap 29 exists between the screw 22 and the lower portion 28.

また、図１、２および４に示すように、第１の破砕室１２の下流側において、フレーム２３の側部２４の上側に、軸１９と平行に所定の長さの誘導板３０が取り付けられている。   As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, a guide plate 30 having a predetermined length is attached in parallel to the shaft 19 on the upper side of the side portion 24 of the frame 23 on the downstream side of the first crushing chamber 12. ing.

誘導板３０は、破砕・搬送手段１４が処理物を下流側に搬送するために正転している際に、処理物が第１の破砕室１２の下部２８から移動される側の面（側部２６）に、第２の破砕室１６との連結部付近でかつ開口１１の付近に取り付けられる。また、誘導板３０の下端は、第２の破砕室１６の上端（つまり、カバー４８の下端）より下側に位置している。   When the crushing / conveying means 14 is rotating forward to convey the processed material downstream, the guide plate 30 is a surface (side) on which the processed material is moved from the lower portion 28 of the first crushing chamber 12. Attached to the part 26) near the connection with the second crushing chamber 16 and in the vicinity of the opening 11. Further, the lower end of the guide plate 30 is located below the upper end of the second crushing chamber 16 (that is, the lower end of the cover 48).

誘導板３０は、破砕・搬送手段１４の正転時（図３の矢印Ａ方向）に、第１の破砕室１２の下部を通った処理物が、誘導板３０の上側に移動するのを規制する。すなわち、破砕・搬送手段１４の正転により、第１の破砕室の下部２８を通った処理物は、第１の破砕室１２の側壁４２に沿って上方に移動する。しかしながら、処理物は、誘導板３０の下面に接触して、さらに上方に移動することが困難になる。その結果、切粉は、破砕・搬送手段１４のスクリュー２２により第２の破砕室１６の方向に移動され、円滑に第２の破砕室１６内に送り込まれる。 The guide plate 30 restricts the processed material passing through the lower portion of the first crushing chamber 12 from moving to the upper side of the guide plate 30 when the crushing / conveying means 14 is rotated forward (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3). To do. That is, due to the normal rotation of the crushing / conveying means 14, the processed material passing through the lower portion 28 of the first crushing chamber moves upward along the side wall 42 of the first crushing chamber 12. However, it becomes difficult for the processed material to contact the lower surface of the guide plate 30 and move further upward. As a result, chips are by the screw 22 of the crushing and conveying means 14 is moved in the direction of the second crushing chamber 16 is fed into the second crushing chamber 16 in a circular smooth.

上述したように、誘導板３０によって、開口１１から落下し、第１の破砕室１２において予備的に破砕される処理物が、第１の破砕室１２から第２の破砕室１６に移動することが促進される。   As described above, the processing object that falls from the opening 11 and is preliminarily crushed in the first crushing chamber 12 is moved from the first crushing chamber 12 to the second crushing chamber 16 by the guide plate 30. Is promoted.

第１の破砕室１６の最上流には軸受３２が設けられ、軸１９の端部を受け入れるようになっている。また、第１の破砕室１６の上流端部３４には、小孔３６、３７が形成される。また、上流端部３４と軸受３２との間には隙間３５が設けられ、かつ、上流端部３４と軸受３２の下側連結部には排出口３８が設けられる。   A bearing 32 is provided in the uppermost stream of the first crushing chamber 16 to receive the end of the shaft 19. Small holes 36 and 37 are formed in the upstream end 34 of the first crushing chamber 16. Further, a gap 35 is provided between the upstream end portion 34 and the bearing 32, and a discharge port 38 is provided at the lower connection portion of the upstream end portion 34 and the bearing 32.

次に、本実施の形態にかかる第２の破砕室１６について説明する。図１ないし図３に示すように、第２の破砕室１６も、上側半部においては、ほぼ垂直な側壁を有する側部４０、４２を有する。また、第２の破砕室１６は、下側半部においては、断面形状が円弧状の下部４４を有する。側部４０、４２の内壁は、第１の破砕室１２の側部２４、２６の側壁と連なっている。また、下部４４の内壁も、第１の破砕室１２の下部２８の内壁と連なっている。後述するように、下部４４は、回転破砕刃２０と協働して、処理物を破砕する機能を有するため、下部４４を、固定破砕部材とも称する。   Next, the 2nd crushing chamber 16 concerning this Embodiment is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the second crushing chamber 16 also has side portions 40 and 42 having substantially vertical side walls in the upper half. The second crushing chamber 16 has a lower portion 44 having a circular cross section in the lower half. The inner walls of the side portions 40 and 42 are connected to the side walls of the side portions 24 and 26 of the first crushing chamber 12. The inner wall of the lower portion 44 is also connected to the inner wall of the lower portion 28 of the first crushing chamber 12. As will be described later, since the lower portion 44 has a function of crushing the processed material in cooperation with the rotary crushing blade 20, the lower portion 44 is also referred to as a fixed crushing member.

図５は、本実施の形態にかかる第２の破砕室１６において、破砕・搬送部材１４（軸１９および回転破砕刃２０）を取り除いた状態を示す平面図である。図３および図５に示すように、本実施の形態において、第２の破砕室１６の固定破砕部材４４には、その中央部および回転破砕刃２０の回転方向（固定破砕部材４４の周方向）の両側に、３つの排出孔４５、４６、４７が形成されている。３つの排出孔４５、４６、４７は、等間隔（たとえば、４５度の角度間隔）で形成され、それぞれは円形である。回転破砕刃２０と固定破砕部材４４の内壁との間にも隙間４９が存在する。この隙間４９は、スクリュー２２と下部２８との間の隙間２９よりも小さい。   FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which the crushing / conveying member 14 (the shaft 19 and the rotary crushing blade 20) is removed from the second crushing chamber 16 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the fixed crushing member 44 of the second crushing chamber 16 has a central portion and a rotation direction of the rotary crushing blade 20 (a circumferential direction of the fixed crushing member 44). Three discharge holes 45, 46, 47 are formed on both sides. The three discharge holes 45, 46, 47 are formed at equal intervals (for example, an angular interval of 45 degrees), and each is circular. A gap 49 also exists between the rotary crushing blade 20 and the inner wall of the fixed crushing member 44. This gap 49 is smaller than the gap 29 between the screw 22 and the lower part 28.

また、第２の破砕室１６の頂部にはカバー４８が取り付けられ、第２の破砕室１６に入ってきた処理物が上部から外部に飛び出すことを防止する。   Also, a cover 48 is attached to the top of the second crushing chamber 16 to prevent the processed material that has entered the second crushing chamber 16 from jumping out from the top.

図１、図２に示すように、第２の破砕室１６の下流端部５０において、軸１９と下流端部５０との間に隙間５１、５２が設けられる。また、下流端部５０と駆動装置１８との間には隙間５３が設けられ、かつ、下流端部５０と駆動装置１８の下側連結部には排出口５４が設けられる。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the downstream end 50 of the second crushing chamber 16, gaps 51 and 52 are provided between the shaft 19 and the downstream end 50. Further, a gap 53 is provided between the downstream end 50 and the driving device 18, and a discharge port 54 is provided at the lower connecting portion of the downstream end 50 and the driving device 18.

駆動装置１８は、モータ（図示せず）およびギアなどの動力伝達部材（図示せず）を有し、モータの駆動を軸１９に伝達させる。   The drive device 18 includes a motor (not shown) and a power transmission member (not shown) such as a gear, and transmits the drive of the motor to the shaft 19.

本実施の形態にかかる破砕処理装置１０の部材は、以下のようなサイズを有し、また、以下に述べる材料で形成されている。なお、部材のサイズおよび材料は、以下に記載するものに限定されないことは言うまでもない。   The member of the crushing processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment has the following size and is formed of the material described below. Needless to say, the size and material of the members are not limited to those described below.

第１の破砕室１２は、高さ１７５ｍｍ、幅１２６ｍｍで、開口１１は、軸方向に４５０ｍｍの長さを有する。スクリュー２２は、軸方向に１００ｍｍのピッチとなっている。また、誘導板３０は、軸方向に１３０ｍｍの長さを有する。   The first crushing chamber 12 has a height of 175 mm and a width of 126 mm, and the opening 11 has a length of 450 mm in the axial direction. The screw 22 has a pitch of 100 mm in the axial direction. The guide plate 30 has a length of 130 mm in the axial direction.

第２の破砕室１６も、幅は第１の破砕室と同様であるが、カバー４８により上部が塞がれるため、内部の高さは、第１の破砕室１２より、カバー４８の厚みだけ小さくなる。第２の破砕室１６は、軸方向に１００ｍｍの長さを有する。また、固定破砕部材４４に設けられた排出孔４５〜４７の半径は５０ｍｍである。   The width of the second crushing chamber 16 is the same as that of the first crushing chamber. However, since the upper portion is closed by the cover 48, the inner height is equal to the thickness of the cover 48 from the first crushing chamber 12. Get smaller. The second crushing chamber 16 has a length of 100 mm in the axial direction. Moreover, the radius of the discharge holes 45-47 provided in the fixed crushing member 44 is 50 mm.

回転破砕刃２０の軸方向の長さは６０ｍｍであり、回転破砕刃２０の先端と、固定破砕部材４４の内壁との間の隙間４９は、２ｍｍ〜３ｍｍとなっている。   The axial length of the rotary crushing blade 20 is 60 mm, and the gap 49 between the tip of the rotary crushing blade 20 and the inner wall of the fixed crushing member 44 is 2 mm to 3 mm.

また、第1の破砕室１２のフレーム２３、第２の破砕室１６のカバー４８は、ＳＳ４００のような一般構造用圧延鋼材で作られている。また、スクリュー２２および軸１９は、Ｓ４５Ｃのような機械構造用炭素鋼で作られている。回転破砕刃２０および固定破砕部材４４は、ＳＫＤ６１のような合金工具鋼で作られている。   The frame 23 of the first crushing chamber 12 and the cover 48 of the second crushing chamber 16 are made of a general structural rolled steel material such as SS400. The screw 22 and the shaft 19 are made of mechanical structural carbon steel such as S45C. The rotary crushing blade 20 and the fixed crushing member 44 are made of an alloy tool steel such as SKD61.

このように構成された破砕処理装置１０の動作について以下に説明する。   The operation of the crushing apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described below.

加工機械から排出された切粉などの処理物は、ホッパ（図示せず）を経て第１の破砕室１２内に投入される。たとえば、ＮＣ自動盤からは、切粉のほか、軸端と呼ばれるシャフトの端材が異物として混入される。一般的には、この軸端は２０ｍｍ〜７０ｍｍ程度である。   A processed material such as chips discharged from the processing machine is put into the first crushing chamber 12 through a hopper (not shown). For example, from an NC automatic board, in addition to chips, shaft end materials called shaft ends are mixed as foreign matter. Generally, the shaft end is about 20 mm to 70 mm.

駆動装置１８の制御装置（図示せず）は、１サイクルにおいて所定の時間（たとえば４５秒）モータを正転させることにより、破砕・搬送部材１４の軸１９を正転させ（図３、図４の矢印Ａ方向）、処理物を下流側に搬送し、その後、所定の時間（たとえば５秒）モータを逆転させることにより、破砕・搬送部材１４の軸１９を逆転させる（図３、図４の矢印Ｂ方向）。このように、正転および逆転を繰り返すことで、処理物を詰まらせることなく、円滑に第１の破砕室から第２の破砕室まで少しずつ送り込むことが可能となる。   A control device (not shown) of the driving device 18 causes the shaft 19 of the crushing / conveying member 14 to rotate normally by rotating the motor normally for a predetermined time (for example, 45 seconds) in one cycle (FIGS. 3 and 4). In the direction of arrow A), the workpiece is conveyed downstream, and then the motor 19 is reversed for a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds) to reverse the shaft 19 of the crushing / conveying member 14 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Arrow B direction). In this way, by repeating forward rotation and reverse rotation, it is possible to smoothly feed from the first crushing chamber to the second crushing chamber little by little without clogging the processed material.

第１の破砕室１２内の処理物は、搬送・破砕部材１４の正転により徐々に、下流側、つまり、第２の破砕室１６の方向に移動させられる。この際に、切粉はスクリュー２２の端部に引っかかった状態で、スクリュー２２の回転に伴って、第１の破砕室１２の側部２４と接触し、折れ曲がり或いは引きちぎられる。さらに、一部の切粉は、スクリュー２２の回転に伴って、第１の破砕室１２の下部２８を通過して、第１の破砕室１２の反対側の側部２６の側に移動される。下部２８を通過する際にも、切粉は破砕される。   The processed material in the first crushing chamber 12 is gradually moved downstream, that is, in the direction of the second crushing chamber 16 by the forward rotation of the conveying / crushing member 14. At this time, in a state where the chips are caught on the end portion of the screw 22, as the screw 22 rotates, it comes into contact with the side portion 24 of the first crushing chamber 12 and is bent or torn. Furthermore, a part of the chips passes through the lower portion 28 of the first crushing chamber 12 as the screw 22 rotates, and is moved to the side portion 26 opposite to the first crushing chamber 12. . The chips are also crushed when passing through the lower portion 28.

その一方、軸端などの異物は、スクリュー２２に引っかかることがないため、第１の破砕室１２の上部や、スクリュー２２の軸方向の空間に位置し、徐々に下流に向けて移動する。   On the other hand, since foreign matter such as the shaft end is not caught by the screw 22, it is located in the upper part of the first crushing chamber 12 or in the axial space of the screw 22 and gradually moves toward the downstream.

第１の破砕室１２の下流側に配置された誘導板３０は、スクリュー２２の正転によって回転されつつ下流側に送り込まれる処理物が、上側に向かって飛び出すことを防止し、処理物は、誘導板３０に沿って、カバー４８によって上部を塞がれた第２の破砕室１６の内部に向けて移動する。これにより、処理物を円滑に第１の破砕室１２から第２の破砕室１６に移動させることが可能となる。   The guide plate 30 arranged on the downstream side of the first crushing chamber 12 prevents the processed material that is sent to the downstream side while being rotated by normal rotation of the screw 22 from jumping out upward, It moves along the guide plate 30 toward the inside of the second crushing chamber 16 whose upper portion is blocked by the cover 48. Thereby, it becomes possible to smoothly move the processed material from the first crushing chamber 12 to the second crushing chamber 16.

第２の破砕室１６においては、処理物は、回転破砕刃２０に引っ掛けられ、その状態で、固定破砕部材４４の内壁との間の隙間４９に挟みこまれ、固定破砕部材４４に形成された排出孔４５〜４７の周囲に接触することにより、引っ張られ、折り曲げられ、また、引きちぎられる。これにより、処理物はさらに細かく破砕され、排出孔４５〜４７から落下する。破砕処理装置１０の固定破砕部材４４の下側には、たとえば、上方が開口した収容箱（図示せず）を配置しておく。これにより、破砕されて、排出孔４５〜４７から落下した処理物を収容することができる。   In the second crushing chamber 16, the processed material is caught by the rotary crushing blade 20, and in that state, is sandwiched in a gap 49 between the inner wall of the fixed crushing member 44 and formed in the fixed crushing member 44. By contacting the periphery of the discharge holes 45 to 47, the holes are pulled, bent, or torn. Thereby, a processed material is further crushed finely and falls from the discharge holes 45-47. Under the fixed crushing member 44 of the crushing processing apparatus 10, for example, a storage box (not shown) having an open top is disposed. Thereby, the processed material which has been crushed and dropped from the discharge holes 45 to 47 can be accommodated.

本実施の形態によれば、処理物は、第１の破砕室１２において、第２の破砕室１６に向けて搬送されつつ破砕され、かつ、第２の破砕室１６において、回転破砕刃２０と固定破砕部材４４との間で、より細かく破砕されて排出される。このように第１の破砕室１２における予備的な破砕があるため、第２の破砕室１６のサイズ（特に軸方向の長さ）を小さくしても、十分な小ささに処理物を破砕することが可能となる。   According to the present embodiment, the processed material is crushed in the first crushing chamber 12 while being conveyed toward the second crushing chamber 16, and in the second crushing chamber 16, From the fixed crushing member 44, it is crushed more finely and discharged. Since there is preliminary crushing in the first crushing chamber 12 in this way, even if the size (particularly the length in the axial direction) of the second crushing chamber 16 is reduced, the processed product is crushed to a sufficiently small size. It becomes possible.

また、第２の破砕室１６のサイズを小さくすることで、回転破砕刃２０のサイズ（特に軸方向の長さ）を小さくすることができる。回転破砕刃２０のサイズを小さくすることに伴って、モータの出力を小さくすることもできる。したがって、破砕処理装置１０の小型化および省電力化を実現できる。   Further, by reducing the size of the second crushing chamber 16, the size (particularly the length in the axial direction) of the rotary crushing blade 20 can be reduced. As the size of the rotary crushing blade 20 is reduced, the output of the motor can be reduced. Therefore, size reduction and power saving of the crushing apparatus 10 can be realized.

処理物に含まれる軸端などの異物も、第１の破砕室１２を下流に向けて移動した後、第２の破砕室１６に到達する。第２の破砕室１６においては、単一の回転破砕刃２０が、軸方向に、第２の破砕室１６のほぼ全体にわたって位置している。したがって、異物は回転破砕刃２０の側面によって、その回転方向に誘導され、排出孔４５〜４７が配置された位置に達する。ここで、排出孔４５〜４７は、それぞれ、異物が排出可能なサイズを有している。前述したように、ＮＣ自動盤から出てくる可能性のある２０ｍｍ〜７０ｍｍ程度の軸端を排出するためには、排出孔４５〜４７は、５０ｍｍ径のサイズを有していれば良い。特に、中央の排出孔４６は、孔が真下に向けて形成されているため、特に異物を排出するのに好適である。   Foreign matters such as shaft ends contained in the processed material also move to the first crushing chamber 12 downstream and then reach the second crushing chamber 16. In the second crushing chamber 16, a single rotary crushing blade 20 is positioned over substantially the entire second crushing chamber 16 in the axial direction. Accordingly, the foreign matter is guided in the rotation direction by the side surface of the rotary crushing blade 20 and reaches the position where the discharge holes 45 to 47 are arranged. Here, each of the discharge holes 45 to 47 has a size capable of discharging foreign matter. As described above, in order to discharge the shaft end of about 20 mm to 70 mm which may come out from the NC automatic board, the discharge holes 45 to 47 may have a size of 50 mm diameter. In particular, the central discharge hole 46 is particularly suitable for discharging foreign matter because the hole is formed directly below.

本実施の形態においては、回転破砕刃２０は、第２の破砕室１６の軸方向のほぼ全体にわたって位置している。その一方、単一の回転破砕刃２０が軸から半径方向に延びているにすぎない。したがって、第２の破砕室１６に入った軸端などの異物は、いったんは排出孔４５〜４７から排出されなかった場合であっても、回転破砕刃２０と固定破砕部材４４や、第２の破砕室の側部４０、４２との間に挟まれることなく、回転破砕刃２０の回転に伴って、第２の破砕室１６内で、円を描いて移動する。したがって、異物は、何度かの回転（円を描いた移動）の後、最終的に、排出孔４５〜４７から排出される。   In the present embodiment, the rotary crushing blade 20 is located over substantially the entire axial direction of the second crushing chamber 16. On the other hand, only a single rotary crushing blade 20 extends radially from the shaft. Therefore, even if the foreign matter such as the shaft end that has entered the second crushing chamber 16 is not once discharged from the discharge holes 45 to 47, the rotary crushing blade 20 and the fixed crushing member 44, As the rotary crushing blade 20 rotates, it moves in a circle in the second crushing chamber 16 without being sandwiched between the side portions 40 and 42 of the crushing chamber. Therefore, the foreign matter is finally discharged from the discharge holes 45 to 47 after being rotated several times (moving in a circle).

このように、本実施の形態によれば、異物は、第２の破砕室において、回転破砕刃２０と固定破砕部材４４や、第２の破砕室の側部４０、４２との間に挟まれることなく、適切に排出孔４５〜４７から排出される。したがって、異物が挟まることにより破砕処理装置１０の停止などの事態が起こる可能性を著しく低減することができ、破砕処理装置１０の連続運転が可能となる。   Thus, according to this Embodiment, a foreign material is pinched | interposed between the rotary crushing blade 20, the fixed crushing member 44, and the side parts 40 and 42 of a 2nd crushing chamber in a 2nd crushing chamber. Without being discharged appropriately from the discharge holes 45 to 47. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the possibility that the crushing apparatus 10 is stopped due to the foreign matter being caught, and the crushing apparatus 10 can be continuously operated.

また、処理物が第１の破砕室１２に投入され、破砕・搬送部材１４により破砕されるときに、細かい金属の粉塵が生じる。生じた金属の粉塵は、第１の破砕室１２の上流端部３４に形成された孔３６、３７から第１の破砕室１２の外側に排出される。本実施の形態においては、上流端部３４の壁と軸受３２との間には隙間３５が形成されている。したがって、粉塵は隙間３５から落下して排出口３８から破砕処理装置１０の外部に排出される。   Further, when the processed material is put into the first crushing chamber 12 and is crushed by the crushing / conveying member 14, fine metal dust is generated. The generated metal dust is discharged to the outside of the first crushing chamber 12 through holes 36 and 37 formed in the upstream end portion 34 of the first crushing chamber 12. In the present embodiment, a gap 35 is formed between the wall of the upstream end portion 34 and the bearing 32. Therefore, the dust falls from the gap 35 and is discharged from the discharge port 38 to the outside of the crushing processing apparatus 10.

さらに、第２の破砕室１６においても、処理物が破砕されるときには粉塵が生じる。生じた金属の粉塵は、第２の破砕室１６の下流端部５０において、軸１９と下流端部５０との間に設けられた隙間５１、５２から第２の破砕室１６の外側に排出される。本実施の形態においては、下流端部５０の壁と駆動装置１８との間には隙間５３が形成されている。したがって、粉塵は隙間５３から落下して排出口５４から、破砕処理装置１０の外部に輩出される。   Further, dust is also generated in the second crushing chamber 16 when the processed product is crushed. The generated metal dust is discharged outside the second crushing chamber 16 from the gaps 51 and 52 provided between the shaft 19 and the downstream end 50 at the downstream end 50 of the second crushing chamber 16. The In the present embodiment, a gap 53 is formed between the wall of the downstream end portion 50 and the driving device 18. Therefore, the dust falls from the gap 53 and is produced from the discharge port 54 to the outside of the crushing apparatus 10.

このように、本実施の形態によれば、第１の破砕室１２と軸受３２との間、および、第２の破砕室と駆動装置１８との間に隙間を設け、粉塵が隙間から落下して装置の外に排出されるようになっている。これにより、粉塵が軸と軸受との間に詰まり、或いは、軸と駆動装置の部材との間に詰まり、軸の回転に支障をきたすおそれを著しく小さくすることが可能となる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, a gap is provided between the first crushing chamber 12 and the bearing 32 and between the second crushing chamber and the driving device 18, and dust falls from the gap. Is discharged out of the device. As a result, it is possible to remarkably reduce the possibility that dust is clogged between the shaft and the bearing, or clogged between the shaft and the member of the driving device, which hinders rotation of the shaft.

本発明は、以上の実施の形態に限定されることなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の範囲内で、種々の変更が可能であり、それらも本発明の範囲内に包含されるものであることは言うまでもない。   The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

たとえば、前記実施の形態においては、第２の破砕室１６において、軸１９には半径方向に延びる単一の固定破砕刃２０が取り付けられている。しかしながら、これに限定されることはなく、軸に、所定の角度間隔で複数の固定破砕刃が取り付けられていても良い。この場合には、上記固定破砕刃の間隔は、隣接する固定破砕刃の間に軸端などの異物が収容できるようなものであれば良い。   For example, in the above-described embodiment, in the second crushing chamber 16, a single fixed crushing blade 20 extending in the radial direction is attached to the shaft 19. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of fixed crushing blades may be attached to the shaft at predetermined angular intervals. In this case, the interval between the fixed crushing blades may be any as long as foreign matter such as a shaft end can be accommodated between the adjacent fixed crushing blades.

また、前記実施の形態において、第１の破砕室１２は、軸方向に４５０ｍｍの長さを有し、その一方、第２の破砕室１６は、軸方向に１００ｍｍの長さを有する。しかしながら、第１の破砕室および第２の破砕室の軸方向の長さは上述したものに限定されるものではなく、第２の破砕室の軸方向の長さは、第１の破砕室の軸方向の長さと比較して十分に小さければよい。第２の破砕室の軸方向の長さを十分に小さくできることで、回転破砕刃のサイズも小さくすることができる。したがって、小さい出力のモータにより、回転破砕刃や破砕・搬送手段を駆動することが可能となる。   In the embodiment, the first crushing chamber 12 has a length of 450 mm in the axial direction, while the second crushing chamber 16 has a length of 100 mm in the axial direction. However, the axial lengths of the first crushing chamber and the second crushing chamber are not limited to those described above, and the axial length of the second crushing chamber is the same as that of the first crushing chamber. It only needs to be sufficiently small compared to the length in the axial direction. Since the axial length of the second crushing chamber can be sufficiently reduced, the size of the rotary crushing blade can also be reduced. Therefore, the rotary crushing blade and the crushing / conveying means can be driven by a small output motor.

図１は、本実施の形態にかかる破砕処理装置の平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a crushing apparatus according to the present embodiment. 図２は、本実施の形態にかかる破砕処理装置の部分断面略正面図である。FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional schematic front view of the crushing treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment. 図３は、本実施の形態にかかる破砕処理装置のＡ−Ａ断面図である。FIG. 3 is an AA cross-sectional view of the crushing treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment. 図４は、本実施の形態にかかる破砕処理装置のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。FIG. 4 is a BB cross-sectional view of the crushing treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment. 図５は、本実施の形態にかかる第２の破砕室において、破砕・搬送部材を取り除いた状態を示す平面図である。FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which the crushing / conveying member is removed in the second crushing chamber according to the present embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 破砕処理装置
１１ 開口
１２ 第１の破砕室
１４ 破砕・搬送部材
１６ 第２の破砕室
１８ 駆動装置
１９ 破砕・搬送部材の軸
２０ 回転破砕刃
２２ スクリュー
２３ 第１の破砕室のフレーム
２４、２６ 第１の破砕室の側部
２８ 第１の破砕室の下部
２９ スクリューと下部との間の隙間
３０ 誘導板
３２ 軸受
３４ 第１の破砕室１６の上流端部
３５ 上流端部３４と軸受３２との間の隙間
３６、３７ 小孔
３８ 排出口
４０、４２ 第２の破砕室の側部
４４ 第２の破砕室の下部（固定破砕部材）
４５〜４７ 排出孔
４８ 第２の破砕室のカバー
４９ 回転破砕刃と固定破砕部材との間の隙間
５０ 下流端部
５１、５２ 下流端部と軸との間の隙間
５３ 下流端部と駆動装置との間の隙間
５４ 排出口 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Crushing processing apparatus 11 Opening 12 1st crushing chamber 14 Crushing / conveying member 16 2nd crushing chamber 18 Drive apparatus 19 Shaft | crushing / conveying member axis | shaft 20 Rotary crushing blade 22 Screw 23 Frames 24 and 26 of the 1st crushing chamber Side portion 28 of the first crushing chamber Lower portion 29 of the first crushing chamber 30 Clearance 30 between the screw and the lower portion Guide plate 32 Bearing 34 Upstream end portion 35 of the first crushing chamber 16 Upstream end portion 34 and the bearing 32 Gap 36, 37 Small hole 38 Discharge port 40, 42 Side part 44 of second crushing chamber Lower part of second crushing chamber (fixed crushing member)
45 to 47 Discharge hole 48 Cover 49 of second crushing chamber 49 Clearance 50 between rotary crushing blade and fixed crushing member Downstream end 51, 52 Clearance 53 between downstream end and shaft Downstream end and drive device Gap 54 between and outlet

Claims (7)

上流側に配置され、上側が開口し、投入された処理物を受け入れる第１の破砕室と、前記第１の破砕室内を貫くように配置され、前記第１の破砕室に投入された処理物を、破砕しつつ下流側に搬送する破砕・搬送手段と、前記第１の破砕室の下流側に隣接して配置された第２の破砕室と、前記第２の破砕室に配置され、前記破砕・搬送手段により搬送された処理物をさらに破砕する破砕手段と、前記破砕・搬送手段および前記破砕手段を回転駆動する駆動手段とを備え、
前記破砕・搬送手段が、前記破砕手段の回転軸と同軸上に設けられ、前記駆動手段により回転駆動される軸部と、その周囲に形成されたスクリュー羽根とを有し、
前記破砕手段が、前記軸部から半径方向に突出した回転破砕刃を有し、
前記第２の破砕室が、前記第１の破砕室と連なって配置され、かつ、少なくともその下側部分の断面形状が円弧状であり、当該下側部分に周方向に沿って複数の異物排出孔を有することを特徴とする破砕処理装置。 A first crushing chamber that is disposed on the upstream side and that opens on the upper side and receives the input processed material, and a processed material that is disposed so as to penetrate the first crushing chamber and is input to the first crushing chamber. , Crushing and conveying means for crushing and conveying to the downstream side, a second crushing chamber disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the first crushing chamber, and the second crushing chamber, Crushing means for further crushing the processed material conveyed by the crushing / conveying means, and a driving means for rotationally driving the crushing / conveying means and the crushing means,
The crushing / conveying means is provided coaxially with the rotation shaft of the crushing means, and has a shaft portion that is rotationally driven by the driving means, and screw blades formed around the shaft portion,
The crushing means has a rotary crushing blade protruding in a radial direction from the shaft portion,
The second crushing chamber is arranged continuously with the first crushing chamber, and at least a lower portion of the second crushing chamber has an arc shape, and a plurality of foreign substances are discharged along the circumferential direction in the lower portion. A crushing apparatus characterized by having holes . 前記異物排出孔は、前記第２の破砕室の下側部分の中央部、および、中央部から周方向に沿った両側に３つ設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の破砕処理装置。2. The crushing according to claim 1, wherein three foreign substance discharge holes are provided on a central portion of a lower portion of the second crushing chamber and on both sides along a circumferential direction from the central portion. Processing equipment. 前記破砕手段が、軸方向に第２の破砕室の長さにわたって位置する回転破砕刃を有することを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の破砕処理装置。 It said crushing means, crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 characterized by having a crushing rotary blade positioned over the length of the second crushing chamber in the axial direction. 前記破砕手段が、単一の回転破砕刃を有することを特徴とする請求項１ないし３の何れか一項に記載の破砕処理装置。 The said crushing means has a single rotary crushing blade, The crushing processing apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記第２の破砕室の軸方向の長さが、前記第１の破砕室の軸方向の長さよりも十分に小さいことを特徴とする請求項１ないし４の何れか一項に記載の破砕処理装置。 The crushing process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein an axial length of the second crushing chamber is sufficiently smaller than an axial length of the first crushing chamber. apparatus. 前記第１の破砕室の上流に、前記破砕・搬送手段の軸部を受け入れる軸受を有し、かつ、前記第１の破砕室の上流端部の壁に小孔が形成され、かつ、前記軸受と前記上流端部の壁との間に隙間が形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１ないし５の何れか一項に記載の破砕処理装置。 A bearing for receiving a shaft portion of the crushing / conveying means upstream of the first crushing chamber; and a small hole is formed in a wall of an upstream end portion of the first crushing chamber; and the bearing The crushing processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a gap is formed between the upper end wall and the upstream end wall. 前記第１の破砕室において、前記破砕・搬送手段が処理物を下流側に搬送するために正転している際に、処理物が前記第１の破砕室の下部から移動される側の面に、前記第２の破砕室との連結部付近でかつ開口付近に、前記軸部の軸方向と平行に所定の長さの誘導板が取り付けられることを特徴とする請求項１ないし６の何れか一項に記載の破砕処理装置。 In the first crushing chamber, when the crushing / conveying means is rotating forward to convey the processed material downstream, the surface on which the processed material is moved from the lower portion of the first crushing chamber to, in the second and the opening near the near connection portions of the crushing chamber, one of the to guide plate in the axial direction parallel to the predetermined length of the shank claims 1, characterized in that mounted 6 The crushing processing apparatus according to claim 1.
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