JP5179278B2 - Switch - Google Patents

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JP5179278B2
JP5179278B2 JP2008189402A JP2008189402A JP5179278B2 JP 5179278 B2 JP5179278 B2 JP 5179278B2 JP 2008189402 A JP2008189402 A JP 2008189402A JP 2008189402 A JP2008189402 A JP 2008189402A JP 5179278 B2 JP5179278 B2 JP 5179278B2
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engagement device
movable electrode
terminal
movable
switch according
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JP2010027479A (en
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伸治 佐藤
隆一 井上
忠広 吉田
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Description

この発明は、電力会社の変電所や一般需要家受電点に設置される開閉器に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a switch installed at a substation of a power company or a general consumer power receiving point.

開閉器の電流遮断性能を向上させるための技術として、電気学会論文誌B、110巻、10号(平成二年)の808頁には、従来の遮断器、断路器、接地開閉器に適用された消弧方式が紹介されている。この中に掲載されている早切り方式は可動電極棒および可動電極棒側の端子に早切り機構(速動機構)を備えており、接点開路速度を上昇させて接点損傷が生じない時間内で消弧に必要な長さにまでアークを伸ばし、遮断性能を向上させる技術である。
その駆動原理は次のとおりである。可動電極棒の内部にはバネが内装され、そのバネは可動電極棒先端から突出した補助接点と連動している。可動電極棒が固定電極の最奥部に挿入された閉路状態では、補助接点は固定電極内部の補助接点受け内部に挿入されている。この状態は可動電極棒が開路する途中まで続き、可動電極棒の開路距離が大きくなるにつれて前記バネが蓄勢されていく。バネがある反発力に達すると、補助接点受けと補助接点の間の摩擦力よりもバネ反発力が上回り、補助接点が勢い良く抜ける。このときに大きな接点開離速度が得られる。
As a technology to improve the current interrupting performance of the switch, the pp. 808 of the IEEJ Transaction B, Vol. 110, No. 10 (Heisei 2) is applied to conventional circuit breakers, disconnectors and grounding switches. The arc extinguishing method is introduced. The quick-cutting method listed in this section is equipped with a quick-cutting mechanism (fast-moving mechanism) on the movable electrode bar and the terminal on the movable electrode bar side, and within a period of time when contact opening speed is increased and no contact damage occurs. It is a technology that extends the arc to the length required for arc extinction and improves the interruption performance.
The driving principle is as follows. A spring is built in the movable electrode rod, and the spring is interlocked with an auxiliary contact protruding from the tip of the movable electrode rod. In the closed state in which the movable electrode rod is inserted in the innermost part of the fixed electrode, the auxiliary contact is inserted into the auxiliary contact receiver inside the fixed electrode. This state continues until the movable electrode rod is opened, and the spring is accumulated as the open distance of the movable electrode rod increases. When the spring reaches a certain repulsive force, the spring repulsive force is greater than the frictional force between the auxiliary contact receiver and the auxiliary contact, and the auxiliary contact is pulled out vigorously. At this time, a large contact breaking speed can be obtained.

電気学会論文誌B、110巻、10号(平成二年)808頁IEEJ Transactions B, 110, 10 (Heisei 2) 808

従来技術では可動電極側に速動機構を設け、この速動機構を利用して電流遮断をおこなっている。しかし、特許文献1のように可動電極棒の駆動機構が可動電極内部の大半のスペースを占めるような場合、速動機構のバネの装着場所を十分確保できなくなるという問題点がある。
また、製造コストを削減するため、可動電極側は遮断機能のない断路器と部材を共通化したいという要求があったが、速動機構の構造上、共通化が難しいという問題があった。
In the prior art, a fast moving mechanism is provided on the movable electrode side, and current interruption is performed using this fast moving mechanism. However, when the drive mechanism of the movable electrode rod occupies most of the space inside the movable electrode as in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that it is not possible to secure a sufficient place for mounting the spring of the fast motion mechanism.
Further, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost, there has been a demand for the movable electrode side to share a disconnector and a member having no breaking function, but there is a problem that it is difficult to share the structure due to the structure of the fast moving mechanism.

この発明は、可動電極棒の設置スペースと無関係に電流遮断用の速動機構を設置でき、固定側端子と可動側端子との間の電流を安定して遮断できる開閉器の提供を目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a switch that can install a fast-acting mechanism for interrupting a current regardless of the installation space of a movable electrode rod, and can stably interrupt a current between a fixed terminal and a movable terminal. .

この発明に係る開閉器は、
固定側端子と、
固定側端子と対向配置され、固定側端子と電気的導通を確保するため接離可能な可動電極棒を備えた可動側端子と、
可動電極棒と
固定側端子間の電気的導通を遮断する速動機構とを固定側端子に備えた開閉器において、
速動機構は、
固定側端子に電気的に接続された軸棒と、
軸棒の先端に備えられ、開路時に発生するアークを受ける補助接点と、
軸棒に接続され、軸棒と可動電極棒を係合する電導性の第1の係合器と、
軸棒を可動側端子と反対方向に弾性付勢する主バネとからなり、
可動電極棒には、第1の係合器と係合する電導性の第2の係合器を備え、
固定側端子と可動側端子の間を閉路する時には、
可動電極棒が可動側端子から突出して、第1の係合器と第2の係合器を係合することにより、固定側端子と、可動側端子の電気的導通を確保し、
固定側端子と可動側端子の間を開路する時には、
第1の係合器と第2の係合器を係合したまま可動電極棒を可動側端子方向に移動することにより主バネを蓄勢し、
所定の位置で主バネを放勢して第1の係合器と第2の係合器との係合を解放し、軸棒を可動電極棒から開離させて可動電極棒と軸棒間の電流を遮断するものである。
The switch according to the present invention is
A fixed terminal,
A movable side terminal provided with a movable electrode bar disposed opposite to the fixed side terminal and capable of contacting / separating to secure electrical continuity with the fixed side terminal;
A movable electrode rod ;
In a switch equipped with a fast-moving mechanism that shuts off electrical continuity between the fixed-side terminals and the fixed-side terminals ,
The fast-acting mechanism
A shaft rod electrically connected to the fixed terminal;
An auxiliary contact that is provided at the tip of the shaft rod and receives an arc generated at the time of opening;
An electrically conductive first engagement device connected to the shaft rod and engaging the shaft rod and the movable electrode rod;
It consists of a main spring that elastically biases the shaft rod in the direction opposite to the movable terminal,
The movable electrode bar includes a conductive second engagement device that engages with the first engagement device,
When closing between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal,
The movable electrode bar protrudes from the movable terminal and engages the first and second engagement devices to ensure electrical continuity between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal,
When opening the circuit between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal,
The main spring is energized by moving the movable electrode bar toward the movable side terminal while engaging the first and second engagement devices,
The main spring is released at a predetermined position to release the engagement between the first engagement device and the second engagement device, the shaft rod is separated from the movable electrode rod, and the distance between the movable electrode rod and the shaft rod is reached. The current is cut off.

この発明に係る開閉器の速動機構は、
固定側端子に電気的に接続された軸棒と、
軸棒の先端に備えられ、開路時に発生するアークを受ける補助接点と、
軸棒に接続され、軸棒と可動電極棒を係合する電導性の第1の係合器と、
軸棒を可動側端子と反対方向に弾性付勢する主バネとからなり、
可動電極棒には、第1の係合器と係合する電導性の第2の係合器を備え、
固定側端子と可動側端子の間を閉路する時には、
可動電極棒が可動側端子から突出して、第1の係合器と第2の係合器を係合することにより、固定側端子と、可動側端子の電気的導通を確保し、
固定側端子と可動側端子の間を開路する時には、
第1の係合器と第2の係合器を係合したまま可動電極棒を可動側端子方向に移動することにより主バネを蓄勢し、
所定の位置で主バネを放勢して第1の係合器と第2の係合器との係合を解放し、軸棒を可動電極棒から開離させて可動電極棒と軸棒間の電流を遮断するものなので、
補助接点と第1の係合器間に摺動部が有ることによって、補助接点と第1の係合器間の電気的導通を良好に保つことができる。
The quick moving mechanism of the switch according to the present invention is:
A shaft rod electrically connected to the fixed terminal;
An auxiliary contact that is provided at the tip of the shaft rod and receives an arc generated at the time of opening;
An electrically conductive first engagement device connected to the shaft rod and engaging the shaft rod and the movable electrode rod;
It consists of a main spring that elastically biases the shaft rod in the direction opposite to the movable terminal,
The movable electrode bar includes a conductive second engagement device that engages with the first engagement device,
When closing between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal,
The movable electrode bar protrudes from the movable terminal and engages the first and second engagement devices to ensure electrical continuity between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal,
When opening the circuit between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal,
The main spring is energized by moving the movable electrode bar toward the movable side terminal while engaging the first and second engagement devices,
The main spring is released at a predetermined position to release the engagement between the first engagement device and the second engagement device, the shaft rod is separated from the movable electrode rod, and the distance between the movable electrode rod and the shaft rod is reached. So as to cut off the current of
By providing the sliding portion between the auxiliary contact and the first engagement device, it is possible to maintain good electrical continuity between the auxiliary contact and the first engagement device.

実施の形態1.
本発明の実施の形態1について図を用いて説明する。
図1は本実施形態1の開閉器の要部断面図である。
電路を開くために必要な基本機能は、固定側端子1a、1b、可動側端子2a、2b、および可動電極棒3から構成される。同図は開路状態を示している。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the switch according to the first embodiment.
The basic functions necessary for opening the electric circuit are composed of fixed side terminals 1a and 1b, movable side terminals 2a and 2b, and a movable electrode bar 3. The figure shows an open circuit state.

図2を用いて可動電極棒3の駆動について説明する。図2は本発明の実施の形態1の可動電極棒側の要部断面図である。
可動側端子2a、2bの内部は図2左右方向に円筒状に刳り抜かれている。可動電極棒3は円筒形状で中空に成形されていて、可動側端子2a、2bの内部に挿入されている。可動電極棒3の一端部内側には雌側係合器23aが嵌め込まれて固定されている。また、反対の端部には雌ネジ23bが同様に嵌め込まれている。
雌ネジ23bの内側には駆動用雄ネジ棒41が所定の位置に螺合され、その一端に絶縁ロッド40が接続されている。
絶縁ロッド40は図示しないモーターに接続されており、その駆動力によって回転する。絶縁ロッド40と連動する駆動用雄ネジ41が回転することによって周方向への回転を規制された可動電極棒3が左右に移動する。可動電極棒3には、可動側端子2a、2bとの電気的導通を確保するために図示しない接触子が先端に設けられている。
The driving of the movable electrode rod 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part on the movable electrode bar side according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The inside of the movable terminals 2a and 2b is hollowed out in a cylindrical shape in the left-right direction in FIG. The movable electrode rod 3 has a cylindrical shape and is hollow, and is inserted into the movable terminals 2a and 2b. A female engagement device 23a is fitted and fixed inside one end of the movable electrode bar 3. A female screw 23b is similarly fitted to the opposite end.
A drive male screw rod 41 is screwed into a predetermined position inside the female screw 23b, and an insulating rod 40 is connected to one end thereof.
The insulating rod 40 is connected to a motor (not shown) and is rotated by the driving force. The movable electrode rod 3 whose rotation in the circumferential direction is restricted is moved left and right by the rotation of the driving male screw 41 interlocked with the insulating rod 40. The movable electrode rod 3 is provided with a contact (not shown) at the tip in order to ensure electrical continuity with the movable terminals 2a and 2b.

次に電流遮断時に機能する速動機構の構造を説明する。
図1の円筒導体4は、その一端が固定側端子1aと同軸に、同1bを介して機械的、電気的に接続されている。また、反対側端面は機械的・電気的にベース板5に接続されている。機械的接続方法としてボルト固定を行い、電気的接続を得るために接続面を銀メッキしている。
ピストン6は、ベース板5に対し垂直かつ固定側端子1aと同軸に機械的・電気的にベース板5に接続されている。言うまでもなくこのピストン6は固定されているので動かない。機械的接続方法としてボルト固定を行い、電気的接続を得るために接続面は銀メッキしている。
円筒形状のシリンダ7は、ピストン6に挿設されており接触子8によって相互間の電気的導通を確保している。このシリンダ7がピストン6に沿って摺動するが詳細は後述する。
Next, the structure of the fast motion mechanism that functions when the current is interrupted will be described.
One end of the cylindrical conductor 4 in FIG. 1 is mechanically and electrically connected to the fixed side terminal 1a coaxially with the fixed side terminal 1a. The opposite end face is mechanically and electrically connected to the base plate 5. Bolts are fixed as a mechanical connection method, and the connection surface is silver-plated to obtain an electrical connection.
The piston 6 is mechanically and electrically connected to the base plate 5 perpendicular to the base plate 5 and coaxially with the fixed terminal 1a. Needless to say, this piston 6 is fixed and does not move. Bolts are fixed as a mechanical connection method, and the connection surface is silver-plated to obtain an electrical connection.
The cylindrical cylinder 7 is inserted into the piston 6 and ensures electrical continuity between the contacts 8. The cylinder 7 slides along the piston 6 and will be described in detail later.

張り出し部9は、シリンダ7の開口側端部の外周部に配置され、円筒導体4の内径とほぼ同じ外径をもち、円筒導体4の内周面を左右に移動する。
ストッパ10は、内径が前記張り出し部9の外径よりも小さいものであって、円筒導体4の端子側の一端の内側、周方向に沿って配設されている。また、つるまき状の主バネ13はシリンダ7の外周部に沿って配設され、張り出し部9の端部に設けたバネ受け11に固定され、他端は固定側端子1aのバネ受け12に固定されている。
シリンダ7の先端部にはシリンダ7と同軸に機械的・電気的に接続された棒状の軸棒14が接続されている。軸棒14の右端部から軸棒14の長さの約3分の2に相当する部分は残りの部分より細い円柱形状に成形してある。そして当該端部にはボルト18を取り付ける雌ネジが内部に切ってある。雄側係合器15は軸棒14先端部から、軸棒14と同軸に挿入してある。
The overhanging portion 9 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the opening side end portion of the cylinder 7, has an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical conductor 4, and moves the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical conductor 4 to the left and right.
The stopper 10 has an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the overhanging portion 9, and is disposed along the inner side of the terminal side of the cylindrical conductor 4 along the circumferential direction. Moreover, the helical main spring 13 is disposed along the outer periphery of the cylinder 7 and is fixed to a spring receiver 11 provided at the end of the overhanging portion 9, and the other end is fixed to the spring receiver 12 of the fixed terminal 1a. It is fixed.
A rod-like shaft rod 14 that is mechanically and electrically connected coaxially with the cylinder 7 is connected to the tip of the cylinder 7. A portion corresponding to about two-thirds of the length of the shaft rod 14 from the right end portion of the shaft rod 14 is formed into a columnar shape thinner than the remaining portion. And the internal thread which attaches the volt | bolt 18 is cut inside the said edge part. The male engagement device 15 is inserted coaxially with the shaft rod 14 from the tip end portion of the shaft rod 14.

次に雄側係合器15の構造について図3を用いて説明する。
図3は雄側係合器15の斜視図である。雄側係合器15はこの部材自体で電導を担う。後述の板バネ部15bにおける弾性変形範囲を大きく取る必要があるため、材質には、例えば降伏点または耐力の高いアルミニウム青銅、高力黄銅、アルミニウム合金(合金番号A7075、A2024、A2014)等のいずれかを用いる。これらの材料を使用することにより、係合解放時の板バネ部15bの変形量を大きく設定しても永久歪が発生せず、係合解放機能の信頼性を向上することができる。
雄側係合器15には円筒状の一端近傍部分を残して割り面15cをスリット状に長手方向に設けている。図3では6片になるよう分割して板バネ部15bを構成している。板バネ部15bの正対する2片の外周面、長手方向、中央部には摺動面15eを設けている。摺動面15eは後述する補助接点17と電気的に接触するための面である。
また、その他の板バネ部15bの先端にはかぎ爪部15dを設けている。このかぎ爪部15dの機能については後述する。
Next, the structure of the male engagement device 15 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the male engagement device 15. The male side engaging device 15 carries out electrical conduction by this member itself. Since it is necessary to take a large elastic deformation range in the leaf spring portion 15b described later, the material may be any of, for example, a yield point or a high yield strength aluminum bronze, a high strength brass, an aluminum alloy (alloy numbers A7075, A2024, A2014). Is used. By using these materials, even if the deformation amount of the leaf spring portion 15b at the time of engagement release is set large, permanent distortion does not occur, and the reliability of the engagement release function can be improved.
The male engagement device 15 is provided with a slit surface 15c in the longitudinal direction in a slit shape, leaving a portion near one end of the cylindrical shape. In FIG. 3, the leaf spring portion 15b is configured by being divided into 6 pieces. A sliding surface 15e is provided on the outer peripheral surface, the longitudinal direction, and the central portion of the two pieces facing the leaf spring portion 15b. The sliding surface 15e is a surface for making electrical contact with an auxiliary contact 17 described later.
Further, a claw portion 15d is provided at the tip of the other leaf spring portion 15b. The function of the claw portion 15d will be described later.

底部15aの内径は軸棒14の先端部の外径よりやや大きい。これを軸棒14の先端から軸棒14に挿入すると、軸棒の径が大きくなる部分に突き当たり、この場所に配置される。
雄側係合器15の内径には長手方向に場所によって差をつけている。軸棒4の先端に近づく程内径が大きくなるように段差を持たせて成形してある。この形状は、軸棒14の先端側ほど次第に内径が大きくなるようにテーパー形状に加工しても良い。これによって、軸棒14と雄側係合器15の間に隙間ができる。底部15aは片持ち梁の固定端に相当し、この部位を基部として板バネ部分15bが伸びている。
The inner diameter of the bottom portion 15 a is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the tip portion of the shaft rod 14. When this is inserted into the shaft rod 14 from the tip of the shaft rod 14, it strikes a portion where the diameter of the shaft rod increases and is disposed at this location.
The inner diameter of the male engagement device 15 is different depending on the location in the longitudinal direction. A step is formed so that the inner diameter increases as it approaches the tip of the shaft rod 4. This shape may be processed into a tapered shape so that the inner diameter gradually increases toward the tip end side of the shaft rod 14. As a result, a gap is formed between the shaft rod 14 and the male engagement device 15. The bottom portion 15a corresponds to the fixed end of the cantilever, and the leaf spring portion 15b extends from this portion as a base.

以上の構造によって板バネ部分15bにバネ性が発現できる。板バネ部15bは外側から押力がかかると軸棒14との間の隙間分を限度に内側に押し下げられる。押力が解放されると元に戻る。
つるまき状の接圧バネ16は雄側係合器15の外周部に係合器15と同軸に、一端が軸棒14の径の太い部分の端面に設けた固定場所に固定され、もう一端が次に説明する補助接点17の底面174に固定されている。
With the above structure, the spring property can be developed in the leaf spring portion 15b. When a pressing force is applied from the outside to the leaf spring portion 15b, the leaf spring portion 15b is pushed down to the inside with a gap between the leaf spring portion 15b and the shaft rod 14 as a limit. When the pressing force is released, it returns.
The helical contact pressure spring 16 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the male engagement device 15 coaxially with the engagement device 15, and one end is fixed to a fixing place provided on the end surface of the thick portion of the shaft rod 14. Is fixed to the bottom surface 174 of the auxiliary contact 17 described below.

補助接点17について図5a、5b、5cを用いて説明する。図5aは補助接点17を端子2a側から見た斜視図、図5bは補助接点17をシリンダ7側から見た斜視図、図5cは補助接点17をシリンダ側から見た正面図である。補助接点17はリング形状をしており、穴175を設けている。穴175の周囲に正対して2つの突出部171を設け、突出部171の内周面には切り欠き部V溝部172が設けてある。突出部171は図のように補助接点17の径方向だけでなく、底面174からも軸方向に突出している。   The auxiliary contact 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5a, 5b, and 5c. 5A is a perspective view of the auxiliary contact 17 as viewed from the terminal 2a side, FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the auxiliary contact 17 as viewed from the cylinder 7, and FIG. 5C is a front view of the auxiliary contact 17 as viewed from the cylinder side. The auxiliary contact 17 has a ring shape and is provided with a hole 175. Two protrusions 171 are provided facing the periphery of the hole 175, and a notch V-groove 172 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the protrusion 171. The protruding portion 171 protrudes not only in the radial direction of the auxiliary contact 17 but also in the axial direction from the bottom surface 174 as shown in the figure.

V溝部172は、これに沿って前述した雄側係合器15の摺動面15eが摺動するためのものである。穴の周囲のその他の部分は切り欠き部円周部173である。この部分は雄側係合器15のかぎ爪部15dが通過できる内径を確保している。
ここで、案内部としてのV溝部172は雄側係合器15の摺動面15e上を雄側係合器15の軸方向に摺動し、補助接点17が、雄側係合器15を回転軸として回転することを防いでいる。この構造により、雄側係合器15のかぎ爪部15dが、切り欠き部円周部173に接触することなく所望の動作ができる。また、案内部はV溝構造に限られるものではなく、U型でも凹型でも補助接点17の回転を防止できれば、どのような形状でも良い。
なお、前述のように突出部171は接圧バネ16の一端を受けて固定するために補助接点底面174から突出させてある。
The V groove portion 172 is for the sliding surface 15e of the male engagement device 15 described above to slide along the V groove portion 172. The other part around the hole is a notch circumferential portion 173. This portion secures an inner diameter through which the claw portion 15d of the male engagement device 15 can pass.
Here, the V-groove portion 172 as the guide portion slides on the sliding surface 15e of the male side engaging device 15 in the axial direction of the male side engaging device 15, and the auxiliary contact 17 causes the male side engaging device 15 to move. Rotating as a rotating shaft is prevented. With this structure, the claw portion 15d of the male engagement device 15 can perform a desired operation without contacting the notch circumferential portion 173. Further, the guide portion is not limited to the V-groove structure, and may be any shape as long as it can prevent the auxiliary contact 17 from rotating even if it is U-shaped or concave.
As described above, the protruding portion 171 is protruded from the auxiliary contact bottom surface 174 in order to receive and fix one end of the contact pressure spring 16.

以上のように軸棒14に雄側係合器15を取り付け、接圧バネ16を取り付け、補助接点17で接圧バネ16を押圧しながらボルト18を軸棒の先端に固定するのであるが、補助接点17の正対する2カ所の突出部171の内径よりボルト18の外径が大きいので接圧バネ16は押圧を保持する。このような構造によって、可動電極棒3が図1右から左へ動いて補助接点17を押圧すると接圧バネ16が縮んで、補助接点17の穴部分を軸棒14と雄側係合器15が貫通し可動電極棒3内部に突入する機能を持たせてある。この点についての詳細は後述する。
なお、可動電極棒3と補助接点17の接触部には、銅タングステン合金などで構成された耐弧金属が配置されている。以上が速動機構の構造である。
As described above, the male engagement device 15 is attached to the shaft 14, the contact pressure spring 16 is attached, and the bolt 18 is fixed to the tip of the shaft rod while pressing the contact pressure spring 16 with the auxiliary contact 17. Since the outer diameter of the bolt 18 is larger than the inner diameter of the two protruding portions 171 facing the auxiliary contact 17, the contact pressure spring 16 holds the pressure. With such a structure, when the movable electrode rod 3 moves from the right to the left in FIG. 1 and presses the auxiliary contact 17, the contact pressure spring 16 is contracted, and the hole portion of the auxiliary contact 17 is connected to the shaft rod 14 and the male side engagement device 15. Has a function of penetrating and penetrating into the movable electrode rod 3. Details of this point will be described later.
Note that an arc-resistant metal made of a copper-tungsten alloy or the like is disposed at a contact portion between the movable electrode rod 3 and the auxiliary contact 17. The above is the structure of the fast moving mechanism.

次に本実施の形態の開閉器の動作を説明する。図1は完全な開路状態であり、主バネ13と接圧バネ16はそれぞれ最も伸長した状態である。シリンダ7はベース板5端面に接触し、ピストン6はシリンダ7の最も深い位置まで挿入されている。この時、補助接点17は軸棒14の先端部に位置している。   Next, the operation of the switch according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a complete open circuit state, and the main spring 13 and the contact pressure spring 16 are in the most extended state. The cylinder 7 contacts the end surface of the base plate 5, and the piston 6 is inserted to the deepest position of the cylinder 7. At this time, the auxiliary contact 17 is located at the tip of the shaft rod 14.

この状態から図6に示す完全に閉路した状態までの動作を図1、4、6を用いて説明する。
可動電極棒3が図面左側に移動していくと、まずその先端が補助接点17先端に接触する。さらに可動電極棒3が図面左側に移動すると、補助接点17が図面左側に押し込まれ、これとと共に接圧バネ16も縮む。また雄側係合器15および軸棒14が雌側係合器23aの内部に入り込んでいく。軸棒14の先端に取り付けたボルト18の外径は雌側係合器23aの内径よりも小さいのでストレス無く係合器23a内に突入する。
The operation from this state to the completely closed state shown in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to FIGS.
When the movable electrode rod 3 moves to the left side of the drawing, first, its tip comes into contact with the tip of the auxiliary contact 17. Further, when the movable electrode rod 3 moves to the left side of the drawing, the auxiliary contact 17 is pushed to the left side of the drawing, and the contact pressure spring 16 is contracted together with this. Moreover, the male side engaging device 15 and the shaft rod 14 enter the inside of the female side engaging device 23a. Since the outer diameter of the bolt 18 attached to the tip of the shaft rod 14 is smaller than the inner diameter of the female engagement device 23a, the bolt 18 enters the engagement device 23a without stress.

図4は、雄側係合器15と雌側係合器23aの係合状態を示したものである。
この図では雄側係合器15と雌側係合器23aの関係を示すために、軸棒14及びボルト18は省略している。
先述の通り、雄側係合器15の片持ち梁構造を形成するバネ板15bに弾性が与えられている。雌側係合器23aの内径は雄側係合器15のかぎ爪部15dの無い部分の外径とほぼ等しく、先端導入部15fの外径よりは大きい。先端導入部15fが雌側係合器23の内部に入ると、かぎ爪部15dが雌ネジの凸凹に合わせてバネ運動をしながら23aの内部に進み所定の位置で溝部231に係合する。
FIG. 4 shows an engaged state of the male side engaging device 15 and the female side engaging device 23a.
In this figure, in order to show the relationship between the male side engaging device 15 and the female side engaging device 23a, the shaft rod 14 and the bolt 18 are omitted.
As described above, the spring plate 15b that forms the cantilever structure of the male engagement device 15 is given elasticity. The inner diameter of the female engagement device 23a is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the portion of the male engagement device 15 where the claw portion 15d is not present, and is larger than the outer diameter of the tip introduction portion 15f. When the distal end introducing portion 15f enters the inside of the female side engaging device 23, the claw portion 15d advances into the inside of 23a while engaging in the spring movement in accordance with the irregularities of the female screw and engages with the groove portion 231 at a predetermined position.

なお、図4の雌側係合器23aには雌ネジが切ってあるが、前述のように可動電極棒3及び係合器23aは回転しないで左右に摺動するので、係合は溝231のような雌ネジの溝であっても良いし、係合専用の溝を設けても良い。本実施形態は雌ネジの溝を利用した例であるが、別形状に関しては実施の形態3で後述する。
また、かぎ爪部15dの形状は、溝部231が雌ネジの溝である場合は係合性向上のため、それに螺合するようにかぎ爪部15の位置を微調整し、挿入時に各かぎ爪部15が等しく溝部231に係合できるよう構成することが好ましい。ただし雌ネジの溝を利用しない場合はこの限りではなく、実施の形態3にて別形状を後述する。
Although the female-side engagement device 23a in FIG. 4 has a female thread, the movable electrode rod 3 and the engagement device 23a slide to the left and right without rotating as described above, so that the engagement is the groove 231. Such a female screw groove may be provided, or a groove dedicated to engagement may be provided. Although this embodiment is an example using a groove of a female screw, another shape will be described later in a third embodiment.
Further, when the groove portion 231 is a female screw groove, the shape of the claw portion 15d is finely adjusted to position the claw portion 15 so that it engages with each other to improve engagement. It is preferable that the portion 15 is configured to be able to engage with the groove portion 231 equally. However, this is not the case when the groove of the female screw is not used, and another shape will be described later in the third embodiment.

図6は可動電極棒3が固定側端子1a内部まで完全に挿入された閉路状態の要部断面図である。可動電極棒3が補助接点17を図面左方向へ完全に押し込んでおり、接圧バネ16は最も縮んでいる状態である。軸棒14と雄側係合器15は雌側係合器23aの内部に挿入され、図4に示したとおり雄側係合器15は雌側係合器23aと係合している。
図6の閉路状態では主回路電流は、可動側端子2a→可動電極棒3→固定側端子1a内部の電導面19→固定側端子1bへと流れる。
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the main part in a closed state in which the movable electrode bar 3 is completely inserted up to the inside of the fixed terminal 1a. The movable electrode rod 3 has pushed the auxiliary contact 17 completely in the left direction of the drawing, and the contact pressure spring 16 is in the most contracted state. The shaft 14 and the male side engaging device 15 are inserted into the female side engaging device 23a, and the male side engaging device 15 is engaged with the female side engaging device 23a as shown in FIG.
In the closed state of FIG. 6, the main circuit current flows from the movable side terminal 2a → the movable electrode bar 3 → the conductive surface 19 inside the fixed side terminal 1a → the fixed side terminal 1b.

次に開路動作を説明する。まず、図6の状態から可動電極棒3を図面右側に戻していく。雄側係合器15は雌側係合器23aが係合されているので、雄側係合器15が固定されている一連の部品、つまり軸棒14、補助接点17、接圧バネ16、シリンダ7も可動電極棒3および雌側係合器23aと共に図面右側に移動する。そして移動に伴って主バネ13が縮み蓄勢される。   Next, the opening operation will be described. First, the movable electrode rod 3 is returned to the right side of the drawing from the state of FIG. Since the male engagement device 15 is engaged with the female engagement device 23a, a series of parts to which the male engagement device 15 is fixed, that is, the shaft rod 14, the auxiliary contact 17, the contact pressure spring 16, The cylinder 7 also moves to the right side of the drawing together with the movable electrode rod 3 and the female side engager 23a. The main spring 13 is contracted and stored with the movement.

図7は開路直前の開閉器の要部断面図である。
雄側係合器15と雌側係合器23aが係合された状態における開路動作の最終位置を示しており、ストッパ10と張り出し部9が接触している。
またこの時、主バネ13は最も縮んだ状態である。これ以上可動電極棒3が図面右側へ移動しようとしてもシリンダ7はストッパ10に阻止されて右側へ動くことはできない。ストッパと張り出し部9が解放器として機能し、雄側係合器15と雌側係合器23aは係合を維持しきれなくなり、係合を解放し始める。
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the switch just before the circuit is opened.
The final position of the circuit opening operation in a state where the male side engaging device 15 and the female side engaging device 23a are engaged is shown, and the stopper 10 and the overhanging portion 9 are in contact with each other.
At this time, the main spring 13 is in the most contracted state. Even if the movable electrode rod 3 moves further to the right side of the drawing, the cylinder 7 is blocked by the stopper 10 and cannot move to the right side. The stopper and the overhanging portion 9 function as a releaser, and the male-side engager 15 and the female-side engager 23a can no longer maintain the engagement and start releasing the engagement.

図7の状態での主回路電流経路は、可動電極棒3→補助接点17→雄側係合器15→軸棒14→シリンダ7→ピストン6→ベース板5→円筒導体4→固定側端子1bである。機構が高速に駆動していても図示しない接触子により導通が確保できる。また軸棒14、シリンダ7、接触子、ピストン6、ベース板5、円筒導体4、固定側端子1bのそれぞれが接触する面に銀メッキ等の接触抵抗を低下させる手段を講じると、導通性がさらに向上する。   The main circuit current path in the state of FIG. 7 is: movable electrode rod 3 → auxiliary contact 17 → male side engagement device 15 → shaft rod 14 → cylinder 7 → piston 6 → base plate 5 → cylindrical conductor 4 → fixed side terminal 1b. It is. Even if the mechanism is driven at a high speed, conduction can be secured by a contact not shown. Further, if measures are taken to reduce contact resistance, such as silver plating, on the surfaces where the shaft rod 14, cylinder 7, contactor, piston 6, base plate 5, cylindrical conductor 4, and fixed side terminal 1b are in contact with each other, conductivity is improved. Further improve.

雄側係合器15が雌側係合器23aから解放されると主バネ13は伸長し始め、雄側係合器15、軸棒14、接圧バネ16、シリンダ7は図面左側へと勢い良く移動し始める。ただし接圧バネ16で可動電極棒3側への接圧が与えられている補助接点17だけは、接圧バネ16が伸びきるまでの間は可動電極棒3に接触している。接圧バネ16が伸びきるといよいよ可動電極棒3と補助接点17が開離し始め、アークが発生する。   When the male engagement device 15 is released from the female engagement device 23a, the main spring 13 begins to expand, and the male engagement device 15, the shaft rod 14, the contact pressure spring 16, and the cylinder 7 move toward the left side of the drawing. Start moving well. However, only the auxiliary contact 17 to which contact pressure is applied to the movable electrode rod 3 side by the contact pressure spring 16 is in contact with the movable electrode rod 3 until the contact pressure spring 16 is fully extended. When the contact pressure spring 16 is fully extended, the movable electrode rod 3 and the auxiliary contact 17 begin to separate and an arc is generated.

図8は開閉器の開路途中の要部断面図である。
可動電極棒3と補助接点17が開離しつつあり、アークが引き伸ばされている状態を示している。雄側係合器15、軸棒14、接圧バネ16、シリンダ7、補助接点17、接圧バネ16は、シリンダ7底部の張り出し部9がベース板5と接触する位置まで、図面左側方向に移動する。途中、アーク20がある長さに達すると、アーク電圧の上昇によりアーク20は消弧する。
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in the middle of opening of the switch.
The movable electrode rod 3 and the auxiliary contact 17 are being separated, and the arc is being stretched. The male engagement device 15, the shaft rod 14, the contact pressure spring 16, the cylinder 7, the auxiliary contact 17, and the contact pressure spring 16 are moved in the left direction of the drawing until the protruding portion 9 at the bottom of the cylinder 7 contacts the base plate 5. Moving. On the way, when the arc 20 reaches a certain length, the arc 20 is extinguished due to an increase in the arc voltage.

この時、シリンダ7とピストン6で囲まれた空間の気体は、雄側係合器15が解放されると共に圧縮され始めるため、穴21を設けてシリンダ7外部に気体を逃がし、接点開離速度の低下を防止する。穴21はシリンダ7の天井面に軸棒14を貫いて開けても良い。穴21の位置がシリンダ7の天井面に近いほど、ピストン6−シリンダ7の圧縮過程の最後まで内部気体を逃がすことができ、同過程の最後まで開離速度を高速に保つことができる。逆に穴21を天井面から離れた適切な位置に開けてやれば、張り出し部9がベース板5に衝突する直前の速度を意図的に低下させることができ、同部位における衝撃荷重を軽減することができる。また、穴をスリット状にシリンダの長手方向に設けると最初は急速に気体を排出し、終盤で排出量を抑えてシリンダスピードをコントロールすことも可能である。   At this time, since the gas in the space surrounded by the cylinder 7 and the piston 6 begins to be compressed while the male-side engagement device 15 is released, the hole 21 is provided to release the gas to the outside of the cylinder 7 and the contact breaking speed. To prevent the loss of The hole 21 may be formed through the shaft bar 14 in the ceiling surface of the cylinder 7. The closer the position of the hole 21 is to the ceiling surface of the cylinder 7, the more the internal gas can escape to the end of the compression process of the piston 6-cylinder 7, and the higher the separation speed can be kept until the end of the process. Conversely, if the hole 21 is opened at an appropriate position away from the ceiling surface, the speed immediately before the overhanging portion 9 collides with the base plate 5 can be intentionally reduced, and the impact load at the same portion is reduced. be able to. In addition, if a hole is provided in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder in a slit shape, it is possible to quickly discharge gas at the beginning and to control the cylinder speed by suppressing the discharge amount at the end.

固定側端子1aの内部にリング状の磁石22を配置すると、その磁界によりアーク20は外側へ膨らもうとする。この結果、接点間の開離距離が同じでも磁界による膨らみ分だけアーク長が長くなり、消弧条件が整いやすくなり遮断性能が向上する。
接点の開離動作は張り出し部9がベース板5に接触すると完了し、図1の状態に戻る。以上が本発明に係る開閉器の構造と開路・閉路動作である。
When the ring-shaped magnet 22 is disposed inside the fixed terminal 1a, the arc 20 tends to expand outward due to the magnetic field. As a result, even if the separation distance between the contacts is the same, the arc length is increased by the amount of swelling due to the magnetic field, the arc extinguishing conditions are easily adjusted, and the interruption performance is improved.
The contact opening operation is completed when the overhanging portion 9 contacts the base plate 5 and returns to the state shown in FIG. The above is the structure and open / close operation of the switch according to the present invention.

以上の構造により次のような効果を得られる。
1.雄側係合器15と雌側係合器23aにより可動電極棒3の閉路過程にて双方を係合し、その状態のまま可動電極棒3が開路することで、固定側端子にある主バネ13の蓄勢が可能となる。その結果、速動機構を固定側端子1a、1b側に配置することが可能になり、可動電極棒3側に速動機構を設けるスペースがなくても早切り方式を適用できる。
2.可動電極棒側から遮断機能を無くしたので断路器との部品共用ができる。
3.雄側係合器15の一部に片持ち梁構造の板バネ部15bを設けることで同部位が弾性変形できるようになる。その結果、ラッチ機構を設けずにかぎ爪部15dの係合・解放が可能になり、構造が簡略化できる。
4.補助接点17が雄側係合器15の摺動面15e上を摺動するので、開極動作時にアークが点弧している状態での電流経路は、アーク発弧部位である補助接点17→雄側係合器15→軸棒14となる。補助接点17と雄側係合器15間に摺動部が有ることによって、補助接点17と雄側係合器15間の電気的導通を良好に保つことができるという効果がある。
5.補助接点17に雄側係合器15のための案内部となる切り欠き部V溝部172を設けているので補助接点17が回転することによる動作不良を防止できる。
6.雄側係合器15の材質を、銅合金、アルミニウム合金とすることによって、雄側係合器15の体積抵抗率を低く抑え、雄側係合器15の通電性能を向上できる。また、雄側係合器15の係合時、解放時の弾性量を多くとっても永久歪が発生せず、係合、解放の信頼性を向上できる。
7.可動電極棒3内部の雌側係合器23aに溝部231を設けることで係合状態を確実にし、所定の位置以外での誤開放を防止できる。
8.張り出し部9とストッパ10が突き当たることで雄側係合器15と雌側係合器23aの係合が解放される構造なので主バネ13の品質のばらつき等に左右されず、常に所定の位置で雄側係合器15と雌側係合器23aを解放することができ、補助接点17の開離速度および開離距離を一定化し、遮断性能を安定化できる。
9.ピストン6とシリンダ7との摺動構造により、速動機構の往復動作時における径方向のズレを防止し、安定した往復動作を実現できる。
10.接触子8をピストン6−シリンダ7間の摺動面に備えることで、摺動部の接触抵抗を低減しつつ導通を確保できる。
11.円筒導体4およびベース板5が機械的に接続されていることで、速動機構の構造体としての機械強度を維持すると共に、電気的に接続されていることで導通経路の役割を果たせる。
12.接圧バネ16により、接圧不足による投入時・開路時の補助接点17と可動電極棒3との間での発弧溶着を防止することができる。
13.シリンダに通気口を設けることでシリンダ7内部の気体が穴から抜けていくので、シリンダ内圧上昇による補助接点17の開離速度低下を防ぐことができる。
14.シリンダに設けた通気口の位置、形状の変更によりシリンダ7の動作スピードをコントロールし、ベース板5に衝突する際の衝撃荷重を低減させることができる。
15.磁石22のつくる磁界によって、アークに対して電磁力が作用し、アーク長が伸びる、またはアークの接点表面上の位置(アーク足)が高速で移動する。前者は電流遮断に必要な条件の一つであるアーク電圧上昇に効果がある。後者は接点表面の局部的温度上昇を抑制し、金属蒸気放出や熱電子放出を低減して電流遮断を促進する効果がある。
With the above structure, the following effects can be obtained.
1. The male spring 15 and the female hook 23a are engaged with each other in the closing process of the movable electrode rod 3, and the movable electrode rod 3 is opened in this state, so that the main spring at the fixed terminal is opened. Thirteen accumulations are possible. As a result, the fast moving mechanism can be arranged on the fixed side terminals 1a and 1b, and the fast cutting method can be applied even if there is no space for providing the fast moving mechanism on the movable electrode rod 3 side.
2. Since the blocking function is eliminated from the movable electrode bar side, parts can be shared with the disconnector.
3. By providing a plate spring portion 15b having a cantilever structure on a part of the male engagement device 15, the same portion can be elastically deformed. As a result, it is possible to engage and release the claw portion 15d without providing a latch mechanism, and the structure can be simplified.
4). Since the auxiliary contact 17 slides on the sliding surface 15e of the male engagement device 15, the current path when the arc is ignited during the opening operation is the auxiliary contact 17 → The male engagement device 15 becomes the shaft rod 14. The presence of the sliding portion between the auxiliary contact 17 and the male engagement device 15 has an effect that electrical conduction between the auxiliary contact 17 and the male engagement device 15 can be kept good.
5. Since the notch V-groove 172 serving as a guide for the male engagement device 15 is provided in the auxiliary contact 17, it is possible to prevent malfunction due to the rotation of the auxiliary contact 17.
6). By using a copper alloy or an aluminum alloy as the material of the male side engagement device 15, the volume resistivity of the male side engagement device 15 can be suppressed low, and the energization performance of the male side engagement device 15 can be improved. Further, when the male engagement device 15 is engaged, even if the amount of elasticity at the time of release is increased, permanent distortion does not occur, and the reliability of engagement and release can be improved.
7). By providing the groove portion 231 in the female-side engagement device 23a inside the movable electrode rod 3, the engagement state can be ensured, and erroneous opening other than the predetermined position can be prevented.
8). Since the engagement between the male side engaging device 15 and the female side engaging device 23a is released when the overhanging portion 9 and the stopper 10 abut against each other, it is not affected by variations in the quality of the main spring 13 or the like, and is always at a predetermined position. The male engagement device 15 and the female engagement device 23a can be released, the separation speed and separation distance of the auxiliary contact 17 can be made constant, and the breaking performance can be stabilized.
9. Due to the sliding structure of the piston 6 and the cylinder 7, the radial displacement during the reciprocating operation of the fast moving mechanism can be prevented, and a stable reciprocating operation can be realized.
10. By providing the contact 8 on the sliding surface between the piston 6 and the cylinder 7, conduction can be ensured while reducing the contact resistance of the sliding portion.
11. Since the cylindrical conductor 4 and the base plate 5 are mechanically connected, the mechanical strength as the structure of the fast moving mechanism is maintained, and the electrical connection can serve as a conduction path.
12 The contact pressure spring 16 can prevent arc welding between the auxiliary contact 17 and the movable electrode rod 3 at the time of closing and opening due to insufficient contact pressure.
13. By providing a vent hole in the cylinder, the gas inside the cylinder 7 escapes from the hole, so that it is possible to prevent a decrease in the opening speed of the auxiliary contact 17 due to an increase in the cylinder internal pressure.
14 The operating speed of the cylinder 7 can be controlled by changing the position and shape of the vents provided in the cylinder, and the impact load when colliding with the base plate 5 can be reduced.
15. An electromagnetic force acts on the arc by the magnetic field generated by the magnet 22 and the arc length extends, or the position (arc leg) on the contact surface of the arc moves at high speed. The former is effective in increasing the arc voltage, which is one of the conditions necessary for current interruption. The latter has the effect of suppressing local temperature rise on the contact surface, reducing metal vapor emission and thermionic emission, and promoting current interruption.

実施の形態2.
図9は本発明実施形態2の開閉器の要部断面である。
固定側端子101a、101b、101c、円筒導体104、ベース板105、シリンダ107、張り出し部109、ストッパ110、主バネ113、軸棒114、補助接点117、およびボールプランジャ30から構成されている。その他の部位は図1あるいは図2と同じ部品から構成されている。図9の構成部品の中で図1と最も大きく相違する点は、図1では雄側係合器15が軸棒14の周囲に配置されているのに対し、図9ではボールプランジャ30が軸棒114の先端部に二つ配置されている点である。また、シリンダ107および円筒導体104の長さが異なっている点、ピストン6が図9にはない点である。前者二つの長さについては速動機構のストローク(可動距離)と関係しており、図9の場合は比較的短ストロークの構造である。また後者のピストン6がない理由は、短ストロークゆえに軸ズレを特に気にしなくても良いことと関係している。その他、補助接点117の形状や張り出し部109がバネ受けを兼ねている点も異なっているが、基本機能は図1記載のものと変わりはない。
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of an essential part of the switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The fixed side terminals 101a, 101b, 101c, the cylindrical conductor 104, the base plate 105, the cylinder 107, the overhanging portion 109, the stopper 110, the main spring 113, the shaft rod 114, the auxiliary contact 117, and the ball plunger 30 are configured. The other parts are composed of the same components as in FIG. 1 or FIG. 9 differs from FIG. 1 in that the male-side engagement device 15 is arranged around the shaft rod 14 in FIG. 1, whereas the ball plunger 30 in FIG. Two points are arranged at the tip of the rod 114. Further, the lengths of the cylinder 107 and the cylindrical conductor 104 are different, and the piston 6 is not shown in FIG. The former two lengths are related to the stroke (movable distance) of the fast moving mechanism, and in the case of FIG. 9, the structure has a relatively short stroke. The reason for the absence of the latter piston 6 is related to the fact that there is no need to worry about shaft misalignment because of the short stroke. In addition, although the shape of the auxiliary contact 117 and the point that the overhanging portion 109 also serves as a spring receiver are different, the basic function is the same as that shown in FIG.

ボールプランジャ30は市販品であり、その一例を図10に示す。図10のように側面部33が雄ネジとなっており、軸棒14に螺合できる。先端には鋼球製のボール31が配置され、そのボールにはバネ32によって外へ飛び出す力が常に働いている(ボール30が飛び出してしまわないように、ボールプランジャ先端の開口径はボール31の直径よりも小さくしてある)。ボールプランジャ30を軸棒114に螺合し、ちょうどボール30の先端曲面部が軸棒114の曲面部から数mmだけ突出する状態に調整して使用する。   The ball plunger 30 is a commercially available product, and an example thereof is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the side surface portion 33 is a male screw and can be screwed onto the shaft rod 14. A ball 31 made of a steel ball is arranged at the tip, and a force that always jumps out by the spring 32 is always acting on the ball (the opening diameter of the ball plunger tip is such that the ball 30 does not jump out). Smaller than the diameter). The ball plunger 30 is screwed onto the shaft rod 114, and the tip 30 is adjusted so that the tip curved surface portion of the ball 30 protrudes from the curved surface portion of the shaft rod 114 by several mm.

この構成によって図6のように可動電極棒3が端子1内部に挿入されていく際の様子を以下説明する。
軸棒114の外径は図4記載の雌側係合器23a内面の山部の内径よりやや小さく、雌側係合器23aの中に入っていくことができる。軸棒14が雌側係合器23aの中に徐々に挿入されていくとボール31は前記山部に当たる。可動電極棒3の挿入力が十分大きければ、バネ32が縮んでボール31が引っ込み、山部を乗り越えることができる。そして溝部231にてボール31は元位置まで復元する。ボール31と前記山部の間で発生する摩擦力はバネ32の力が大きいほど大きくなるが、このバネの力が適切なら係合・開放を自在にできる係合手段となる。
A state in which the movable electrode rod 3 is inserted into the terminal 1 as shown in FIG.
The outer diameter of the shaft rod 114 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the crest of the inner surface of the female engagement device 23a shown in FIG. 4, and can enter the female engagement device 23a. When the shaft rod 14 is gradually inserted into the female side engaging device 23a, the ball 31 hits the mountain portion. If the insertion force of the movable electrode rod 3 is sufficiently large, the spring 32 contracts and the ball 31 retracts, and the mountain part can be overcome. Then, the ball 31 is restored to the original position in the groove portion 231. The frictional force generated between the ball 31 and the mountain portion increases as the force of the spring 32 increases. However, if the spring force is appropriate, the engaging means can be freely engaged and released.

本実施形態の効果は実施形態1と同様であるが、加えて市販のボールプランジャを使用して係合器を構成するので製造が容易になるという利点がある。   The effect of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, but in addition, there is an advantage that manufacture is facilitated because a commercially available ball plunger is used to configure the engager.

実施の形態3.
図11、図12は実施形態3による可動電極棒103、203の先端の要部断面図である。どちらの可動電極も実施の形態1のようなネジ溝を活用した係合器ではなく、専用の雌側係合器123a、223aを備えていることを特徴としている。また、この雌側係合器123aに係合可能な雄側係合器15の1例を図13に示す。このように専用の係合器を使用することで、ネジ溝を使用する場合よりも係合力および係合安定性が向上するという効果がある。
図13のかぎ爪部15dは、先端側の角度θ1は鋭角、根元側の角度θ2は鈍角としている。こうすることで、かぎ爪の挿入力を低減しつつ、係合が外れにくい係合器を実現することができるという効果も得られる。
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIGS. 11 and 12 are cross-sectional views of the main parts of the tips of the movable electrode bars 103 and 203 according to the third embodiment. Each of the movable electrodes is not an engagement device utilizing a thread groove as in the first embodiment, but is provided with dedicated female-side engagement devices 123a and 223a. FIG. 13 shows an example of the male side engaging device 15 that can be engaged with the female side engaging device 123a. By using the dedicated engagement device in this way, there is an effect that the engagement force and the engagement stability are improved as compared with the case where the thread groove is used.
In the claw portion 15d of FIG. 13, the angle θ1 on the tip side is an acute angle, and the angle θ2 on the root side is an obtuse angle. By doing so, there is also an effect that it is possible to realize an engagement device that is difficult to disengage while reducing the insertion force of the claws.

本発明の実施の形態1における開閉器の開路状態の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the open circuit state of the switch in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1の可動電極棒側の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing by the side of the movable electrode rod of Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1の雄側係合器15の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the male side engaging device 15 of Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1における雄側係合器と雌側係合器の係合状態を示す要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the engagement state of the male side engaging device and female side engaging device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 補助接点17の斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an auxiliary contact 17. 本発明の実施の形態1における開閉器の閉路状態の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the closed circuit state of the switch in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1における開路直前の開閉器の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the switch just before the circuit opening in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1における開閉器の開路途中の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing in the middle of the open circuit of the switch in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 実施の形態2の開閉器を示す要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the switch of Embodiment 2. 実施の形態2のボールプランジャの正面図、側断面図である。It is the front view of the ball plunger of Embodiment 2, and a side sectional view. 実施の形態3の可動電極棒先端の要部断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a distal end of a movable electrode rod according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 実施の形態3の可動電極棒先端の要部断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a distal end of a movable electrode rod according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 実施の形態3の雄側係合器のかぎ爪部の断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a claw portion of a male engagement device according to a third embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1a,101a,1b,101b 固定側端子、2a,2b 可動側端子、
3,103,203 可動電極棒、4 円筒導体、5,105 ベース板、
6 ピストン、7,107 シリンダ、8 接触子、9 張り出し部、10 ストッパ、
11 バネ受け、12,112 バネ受け、13,113 主バネ、
14,114 軸棒、15 雄側係合器、15a 底部、15b 板バネ部、
15c 割り面、15d かぎ爪部、15e 摺動面、16 接圧バネ、
17,117 補助接点、171 突出部、172 切り欠き部V溝部、
173 切り欠き部円周部、174 底面、18 ボルト、19 伝導面、
20 アーク、21 穴、22 磁石、23a 雌側係合器、23b 雌ネジ、
231 溝部、30 ボールプランジャ、31 ボール、32 バネ、
40 絶縁ロッド、41 駆動用雄ネジ。
1a, 101a, 1b, 101b fixed terminal, 2a, 2b movable terminal,
3, 103, 203 Movable electrode rod, 4 Cylindrical conductor, 5,105 Base plate,
6 piston, 7, 107 cylinder, 8 contact, 9 overhang, 10 stopper,
11 Spring receiver, 12, 112 Spring receiver, 13, 113 Main spring,
14, 114 shaft rod, 15 male side engager, 15a bottom part, 15b leaf spring part,
15c split surface, 15d claw portion, 15e sliding surface, 16 contact pressure spring,
17, 117 Auxiliary contact, 171 protrusion, 172 Notch V groove,
173 Notch circumference, 174 bottom, 18 bolts, 19 conductive surfaces,
20 arc, 21 hole, 22 magnet, 23a female side engager, 23b female screw,
231 groove, 30 ball plunger, 31 ball, 32 spring,
40 Insulating rod, 41 Male screw for driving.

Claims (18)

固定側端子と、
前記固定側端子と対向配置され、前記固定側端子と電気的導通を確保するため接離可能な可動電極棒を備えた可動側端子と、
前記可動電極棒と
前記固定側端子間の電気的導通を遮断する速動機構とを前記固定側端子に備えた開閉器において、
前記速動機構は、
前記固定側端子に電気的に接続された軸棒と、
前記軸棒の先端に備えられ、開路時に発生するアークを受ける補助接点と、
前記軸棒に接続され、前記軸棒と前記可動電極棒を係合する電導性の第1の係合器と、
前記軸棒を前記可動側端子と反対方向に弾性付勢する主バネとからなり、
前記可動電極棒には、前記第1の係合器と係合する電導性の第2の係合器を備え、
前記固定側端子と前記可動側端子の間を閉路する時には、
前記可動電極棒が前記可動側端子から突出して、第1の係合器と第2の係合器を係合することにより、前記固定側端子と、前記可動側端子の電気的導通を確保し、
前記固定側端子と前記可動側端子の間を開路する時には、
前記第1の係合器と前記第2の係合器を係合したまま前記可動電極棒を前記可動側端子方向に移動することにより前記主バネを蓄勢し、
所定の位置で前記主バネを放勢して前記第1の係合器と前記第2の係合器との係合を解放し、前記軸棒を前記可動電極棒から開離させて前記可動電極棒と前記軸棒間の電流を遮断する開閉器。
A fixed terminal,
A movable side terminal provided with a movable electrode bar disposed opposite to the fixed side terminal and capable of contacting and separating to secure electrical continuity with the fixed side terminal;
The movable electrode rod ;
In the switch provided with the fixed side terminal with a fast moving mechanism that cuts off electrical conduction between the fixed side terminals ,
The fast moving mechanism is:
A shaft bar electrically connected to the fixed terminal;
An auxiliary contact provided at the tip of the shaft rod for receiving an arc generated at the time of opening;
A conductive first engagement device connected to the shaft rod and engaging the shaft rod and the movable electrode rod;
A main spring that elastically biases the shaft rod in a direction opposite to the movable terminal;
The movable electrode bar includes a conductive second engaging device that engages with the first engaging device,
When closing between the fixed side terminal and the movable side terminal,
The movable electrode bar protrudes from the movable terminal and engages the first and second engagement devices to ensure electrical continuity between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal. ,
When opening a circuit between the fixed terminal and the movable terminal,
The main spring is energized by moving the movable electrode bar toward the movable side terminal while engaging the first engagement device and the second engagement device,
The main spring is released at a predetermined position to release the engagement between the first engagement device and the second engagement device, and the shaft rod is separated from the movable electrode rod to move the movable body. It cuts off the electrode rod current between the axle opening閉器.
前記速動機構には前記第1の係合器と前記第2の係合器の係合を解放するための解放器を備え、開路過程の中途位置において前記解放器が作動し,前記速動機構の前記主バネが放勢されることを特徴とした請求項1に記載の開閉器。 The fast moving mechanism includes a releaser for releasing the engagement between the first and second engagementrs, and the releaser is operated at a midway position of the circuit opening process. The switch according to claim 1, wherein the main spring of the mechanism is released. 前記第1の係合器には凸部又は凹部を、前記第2の係合器には、前記第1の係合器に係合する凹部又は凸部を設けている請求項又は請求項2に記載の開閉器。 The projections or recesses on the first engagement device, wherein the second engagement device, according to claim 1 or claim is provided with recesses or protrusions for engaging the first engagement device The switch according to 2 . 前記凹部は溝形状、前記凸部はかぎ爪形状である請求項に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to claim 3 , wherein the concave portion has a groove shape, and the convex portion has a claw shape. 前記かぎ爪形状は先端部、爪部がそれぞれ鋭角で、この2つの角度の合計が鈍角であることを特徴とする請求項に記載の開閉器。 5. The switch according to claim 4 , wherein the claw shape has an acute angle at each of the tip and the claw, and the sum of the two angles is an obtuse angle. 係合及び係合解放時に前記第1の係合器又は前記第2の係合器の一部が弾性変形することを特徴とする請求項乃至請求項のいずれか1項に記載の開閉器。 Closing a portion of said at engagement and release the first engaging unit or the second engagement device is according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the elastic deformation vessel. 前記弾性変形は片持ち梁構造により与えられる請求項に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to claim 6 , wherein the elastic deformation is provided by a cantilever structure. 前記凸部はボールプランジャのボールである請求項に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to claim 3 , wherein the convex portion is a ball plunger ball. 前記凸部を複数備え、前記凸部は螺旋状の前記凹部に螺合するよう配置されていることを特徴とする請求項3乃至請求項5のいずれか1項、又は請求項8に記載の開閉器。 The said convex part is provided with two or more, The said convex part is arrange | positioned so that it may screw-engage with the said helical recessed part , The any one of Claim 3 thru | or 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Switch. 前記補助接点はリング形状で、閉路時にリングの穴部分を前記第1の係合器が貫通して前記第2の係合器と係合することを特徴とする請求項乃至請求項のいずれか1項に記載の開閉器。 The auxiliary contact is ring-shaped, through said first engager hole portion of the ring at the time of closing of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that to engage the second engagement device The switch according to any one of the above. 前記補助接点は前記第1の係合器の表面を摺動することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to claim 10 , wherein the auxiliary contact slides on a surface of the first engagement device. 前記補助接点は前記第1の係合器用の案内部を有することを特徴とする請求項10又は請求項11に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to claim 10 or 11 , wherein the auxiliary contact has a guide portion for the first engagement device. 前記第1の係合器は、銅合金、アルミニウム合金のいずれかからなる請求項乃至請求項12のいずれか1項に記載の開閉器。 It said first engagement unit may switch according to any one of copper alloy, according to claim 1 to claim 12 comprising any one of an aluminum alloy. 前記可動電極棒の先端と前記補助接点との接合部分に接圧を与える接圧バネが前記速動機構に備わっていることを特徴とする請求項乃至請求項13のいずれか1項に記載の開閉器。 According to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that contact pressure spring providing a contact pressure to the junction between the tip and the auxiliary contact of the movable electrode rod is provided in the kinetics mechanism Switch. 前記速動機構は前記軸棒に接続したシリンダと前記シリンダの往復運動を制御するピストンと、前記主バネとしての弦巻バネを有する請求項乃至請求項14のいずれか1項に記載の開閉器。 The quick-action mechanism is a piston which controls the reciprocating motion of the cylinder connected to the axle cylinder, switch according to any one of claims 1 to 14 with a helical spring as the main spring . 前記シリンダ側面部または天井部に通気穴を設けたことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to claim 15 , wherein a vent hole is provided in a side surface portion or a ceiling portion of the cylinder. 前記通気穴はシリンダ長手方向に開いたスリットであることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to claim 16 , wherein the vent hole is a slit opened in a longitudinal direction of the cylinder. 前記固定側端子内部に前記アーク形状を規制する磁石を設けた事を特徴とする請求項1乃至17のいずれか1項に記載の開閉器。 The switch according to any one of claims 1 to 17 , wherein a magnet for regulating the arc shape is provided inside the fixed side terminal.
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