JP5177110B2 - Epoxy particle composition - Google Patents

Epoxy particle composition Download PDF

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JP5177110B2
JP5177110B2 JP2009226842A JP2009226842A JP5177110B2 JP 5177110 B2 JP5177110 B2 JP 5177110B2 JP 2009226842 A JP2009226842 A JP 2009226842A JP 2009226842 A JP2009226842 A JP 2009226842A JP 5177110 B2 JP5177110 B2 JP 5177110B2
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epoxy resin
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美奈子 田中
佐喜恵 中井
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Toray Industries Inc
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Description

本発明は、少なくともエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤を反応させて得られる粒子に関する。さらに詳しくは、エポキシ樹脂本来の機械的特性、熱的特性、電気的特性を損なうことなく、取り扱い性が良好であり、かつ、接着力の向上したエポキシ系粒子に関する。   The present invention relates to particles obtained by reacting at least an epoxy resin and a curing agent. More specifically, the present invention relates to an epoxy-based particle that has good handleability and improved adhesion without impairing the original mechanical properties, thermal properties, and electrical properties of the epoxy resin.

エポキシ樹脂は、機械的特性、熱的特性、電気的特性および接着性に優れており、各種成型品、塗料、接着剤等の用途において幅広く利用されている。しかし反面では硬くて脆く強度が不十分で、亀裂が発生しやすいなどの問題点があった。   Epoxy resins are excellent in mechanical properties, thermal properties, electrical properties, and adhesiveness, and are widely used in applications such as various molded products, paints, and adhesives. On the other hand, however, there are problems such as being hard and brittle, insufficient strength, and easy to crack.

これらの問題を解決するために、従来から種々の検討が行われている。最も一般的な方法としてはゴムブレンド変性が知られている。具体的にはカルボキシル基とアミノ基を末端基とするブタジエン-アクリロニトリル共重合体などがよく用いられているが、このようなゴム成分の多くは液状のエポキシ樹脂をマトリックスとして混合した場合、分散性が悪く、期待する効果を十分に得にくいという問題を有していた。   In order to solve these problems, various studies have been made conventionally. Rubber blend modification is known as the most common method. Specifically, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers terminated with carboxyl groups and amino groups are often used, but many of these rubber components are dispersible when mixed with a liquid epoxy resin as a matrix. However, it was difficult to obtain the expected effect sufficiently.

また、微粒子状の改質剤をエポキシ樹脂に配合し、硬化エポキシ樹脂の内部応力を低下させる方法が知られている。この方法においては、ポリアミド樹脂系やアクリル系樹脂の粒子をはじめとして多くの粒子状改質剤が提案されているが、エポキシ樹脂との相溶性が低く粒子による補強効果が低い、あるいは逆に相溶性が高くエポキシ樹脂層へ溶け込みエポキシ樹脂自体の特性を低下させてしまうという問題点を持っていた。   Further, a method is known in which a particulate modifier is blended with an epoxy resin to reduce the internal stress of the cured epoxy resin. In this method, many particulate modifiers have been proposed, including polyamide resin and acrylic resin particles, but the compatibility with the epoxy resin is low and the reinforcing effect by the particles is low, or conversely. It has a problem that it has a high solubility and is dissolved in the epoxy resin layer, which deteriorates the properties of the epoxy resin itself.

特許文献1にはかかる課題を解決する例として、エポキシ化合物と硬化剤とからなる硬化エポキシ樹脂とガラス転移点が20℃以下の重合体との相分離混合物であるエポキシ系の粒子が開示され、その実施例の合成例1、2にも記載されているように、生成したエポキシ系粒子は濾過脱水し、温水で充分に洗浄し乾燥して製品としている。かかるエポキシ系粒子は、接着力がまだ充分ではなく、充分な補強効果を発揮しうるものではなかった。   Patent Document 1 discloses, as an example to solve such a problem, an epoxy-based particle that is a phase-separated mixture of a cured epoxy resin composed of an epoxy compound and a curing agent and a polymer having a glass transition point of 20 ° C. or less, As described in Synthesis Examples 1 and 2 of the embodiment, the produced epoxy particles are filtered and dehydrated, washed thoroughly with warm water and dried to obtain a product. Such epoxy-based particles still have insufficient adhesive strength and cannot exhibit a sufficient reinforcing effect.

特公平4−32109号公報Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-32109

本発明は、このような事情のもとでエポキシ樹脂の本来有する優れた特性を損なうことなく、取り扱い性が良好であり、かつ、高い接着力が付与されたエポキシ系粒子を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide an epoxy-based particle having good handleability and imparting high adhesive force without impairing the excellent properties inherent to the epoxy resin under such circumstances. And

本発明におけるエポキシ系粒子は、少なくともエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤を混合して得られるものである。このようなエポキシ系粒子の製造方法としては種々の方法が開発されているが、乳化重合法や転相乳化法、機械的粉砕法などが最もよく用いられる方法である。これらの製造方法においては、粒子が形成される際にエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤の反応を制御することは難しく、製造過程において、得られるエポキシ系粒子には未硬化のエポキシ基とは別にエポキシ系粒子の原料であるエポキシ樹脂が未反応エポキシ樹脂として存在する。ここで未硬化エポキシ基は、エポキシ樹脂分子中の反応していないエポキシ基のことをいい、未反応エポキシ樹脂は分子内のエポキシ基が1個も反応していないエポキシ系粒子製造原料であるエポキシ樹脂のことである。例えば、分子内に2個エポキシ基をもつエポキシ樹脂において、分子内のエポキシ基1個のみが反応した場合、このエポキシ樹脂中に未硬化のエポキシ基は存在するが、未反応のエポキシ樹脂は存在しないということである。製造されたエポキシ系粒子は通常洗浄工程に供されるが、洗浄されることにより、粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂成分が遊離するので、充分に洗浄されると未反応エポキシ樹脂成分は除去されることになる。   The epoxy particles in the present invention are obtained by mixing at least an epoxy resin and a curing agent. Various methods have been developed as methods for producing such epoxy-based particles, and the emulsion polymerization method, phase inversion emulsification method, mechanical pulverization method and the like are the most frequently used methods. In these production methods, it is difficult to control the reaction between the epoxy resin and the curing agent when the particles are formed. In the production process, the resulting epoxy particles are separated from the uncured epoxy groups by the epoxy particles. The raw material epoxy resin exists as an unreacted epoxy resin. Here, the uncured epoxy group means an unreacted epoxy group in the epoxy resin molecule, and the unreacted epoxy resin is an epoxy-based particle production raw material in which no epoxy group in the molecule has reacted. It is a resin. For example, in an epoxy resin having two epoxy groups in the molecule, when only one epoxy group in the molecule reacts, an uncured epoxy group exists in the epoxy resin, but an unreacted epoxy resin exists. That is not. The produced epoxy-based particles are usually subjected to a washing process, but the unreacted epoxy resin component in the particles is liberated by washing, so the unreacted epoxy resin component is removed when washed sufficiently. It will be.

粒子中の未反応のエポキシ樹脂量は、もともとエポキシ樹脂、硬化剤の当量比によって異なってくるが、それ以外にもその他反応系に存在する物質の立体障害の問題もあり、どの程度の未反応エポキシ樹脂が残存するのか正確に把握するのはこれまで困難であった。しかし、本発明者らは未反応エポキシ樹脂の量を評価する方法を見出し検討した結果、硬化反応のみでは未反応エポキシ樹脂の含有量が多く、洗浄をすれば未反応エポキシ樹脂の含有量が当然のことながら減少するが、その程度を定量的に把握できることが解った。本発明者らは、かかる知見を基に、鋭意検討した結果、エポキシ系粒子に含まれる未反応エポキシ樹脂の含有量を特定の範囲に制御することにより、高い接着力を有し、且つ、取り扱い性に優れていることを見出し、本発明を完成したものである。   The amount of unreacted epoxy resin in the particles originally varies depending on the equivalent ratio of epoxy resin and curing agent, but there is also a problem of steric hindrance of other substances present in the reaction system. Until now, it has been difficult to accurately determine whether epoxy resin remains. However, as a result of finding and examining a method for evaluating the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin, the present inventors have found that the content of the unreacted epoxy resin is large if only the curing reaction is performed. However, it was found that the degree could be quantitatively grasped. As a result of intensive studies based on such knowledge, the present inventors have a high adhesive force by controlling the content of the unreacted epoxy resin contained in the epoxy-based particles within a specific range, and handle it. The present invention has been completed by finding that it has excellent properties.

すなわち、本発明は、少なくともエポキシ当量として100〜2000を有するエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤を反応させて得られる粒子であって、粒子中に未反応エポキシ樹脂を含有し、その含有量が0.1重量%を越えて21重量%以下であることを特徴とするエポキシ系粒子である。   That is, the present invention is a particle obtained by reacting an epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 100 to 2000 and a curing agent, the particle contains an unreacted epoxy resin, and the content is 0.1 wt. It is an epoxy-based particle characterized by exceeding 21% and 21% by weight or less.

本発明のエポキシ系粒子は、エポキシ樹脂本来の機械的特性、熱的特性、電気的特性を損なうことなく、取り扱い性が良好で、かつ、優れた接着力を有している。   The epoxy-based particles of the present invention have good handleability and excellent adhesion without impairing the original mechanical properties, thermal properties, and electrical properties of the epoxy resin.

実施例3の粒子について接着面の評価を行った試料の断面部分のTEM写真TEM photograph of cross section of sample for which adhesion surface of particles of Example 3 was evaluated. 比較例2の粒子について接着面の評価を行った試料の断面部分のTEM写真A TEM photograph of a cross-sectional portion of the sample for which the adhesion surface of the particles of Comparative Example 2 was evaluated

本発明に適用されるエポキシ系粒子は、少なくともエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤とからなり、これらを反応させて得られる粒子であればよい。エポキシ樹脂としては、エポキシ当量として100〜2000を有するものを全て使用することができる。その具体例としては、例えば、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールAD型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールE型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、ナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂等が挙げられる。これらは1種単独でも2種以上を組み合わせても使用することができる。これらのうち、最も広汎に使用される点からビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂が好ましい。   The epoxy-type particle | grains applied to this invention should just consist of an epoxy resin and a hardening | curing agent, and should be a particle | grain obtained by making these react. Any epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 100 to 2000 can be used. Specific examples thereof include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol AD type epoxy resin, bisphenol E type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, naphthalene type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin and the like. These can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Of these, bisphenol A type epoxy resins are preferred because they are most widely used.

エポキシ樹脂の市販品としては“jER”(登録商標)827(ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂)、“jER”(登録商標)828(ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂)、“jER”(登録商標)806(ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂)、“jER”(登録商標)807(ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂)“jER”(登録商標)152(フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂)、“jER”(登録商標)154(フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂)(以上、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製)、“エピクロン”(登録商標)850(ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂)、“エピクロン”(登録商標)830(ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂)“エピクロン”(登録商標)N−740(フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂)(以上、DIC(株)製)、“エポトート”(登録商標)YD128(ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂)(東都化成(株)製)などが挙げられる。   Commercially available epoxy resins include “jER” (registered trademark) 827 (bisphenol A type epoxy resin), “jER” (registered trademark) 828 (bisphenol A type epoxy resin), “jER” (registered trademark) 806 (bisphenol F). Type epoxy resin), "jER" (registered trademark) 807 (bisphenol F type epoxy resin) "jER" (registered trademark) 152 (phenol novolac type epoxy resin), "jER" (registered trademark) 154 (phenol novolac type epoxy resin) (Epoxylon (registered trademark) 850 (bisphenol A type epoxy resin), "Epiclon" (registered trademark) 830 (bisphenol F type epoxy resin) "Epiclon" (registered trademark) ) N-740 (phenol novolac type epoxy resin) ( On, manufactured by DIC Corporation), "Epotohto" manufactured by (R) YD128 (bisphenol A type epoxy resin) (manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co.), and the like.

硬化剤としては、特に限定されないが、エポキシ樹脂の硬化剤として通常用いられるアミン系、酸無水物系、フェノール樹脂系、その他メルカプタン系などが用いられる。この中でも特に脂肪族アミン、芳香族アミン、ポリアミドアミンのようなアミン系化合物が好ましく用いられる。具体例としては、トリエチレンテトラミン、ジエチレントリアミン、脂肪族アミン型の(“jERキュア(登録商標)”(ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製))、ポリオキシアルキレンアミン類の(“ジェファーミン(登録商標)”(三井化学ファイン(株)製))、ポリアミドアミン類の(“ラッカマイド”(登録商標)(大日本インキ工業(株)製))、ポリアルキレンポリアミン系アミドアミン類の(“ポリマイド”(登録商標)(三洋化成工業(株)製))などが挙げられる。なかでも反応速度の点からポリアミドアミン、脂肪族アミンが好ましく、特にポリアミドアミンが好ましい。   Although it does not specifically limit as a hardening | curing agent, The amine type | system | group, acid anhydride type | system | group, phenol resin type, other mercaptan type | system | group etc. which are normally used as a hardening | curing agent of an epoxy resin are used. Of these, amine compounds such as aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, and polyamide amines are particularly preferably used. Specific examples include triethylenetetramine, diethylenetriamine, aliphatic amine type ("jER Cure (registered trademark)" (manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.)), polyoxyalkyleneamines ("Jefamine (registered trademark)") (“Mitsui Chemical Fine Co., Ltd.”), polyamidoamines (“Rakkamide” (registered trademark) (manufactured by Dainippon Ink Industries, Ltd.)), polyalkylene polyamine-based amidoamines (“Polymide” (registered trademark)) ) (Manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.)). Of these, polyamidoamines and aliphatic amines are preferred from the viewpoint of reaction rate, and polyamidoamines are particularly preferred.

粒子はその構成成分として他のポリマーを含んでいてもかまわない。ポリマー成分の例としては、ポリアミド系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、ビニル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、芳香族ポリスルホン系樹脂等が挙げられるが、これに限定されるものではない。これらポリマーの粒子中の構成比率は、95重量%以下であることが好ましい。95重量%より多い場合は、本来のエポキシ樹脂の性能である加熱硬化性能、接着性能などの機能が不十分となる傾向にある。より好ましくは90重量%以下である。下限としては特に制限はないが、ポリマーの特性を十分発揮させる観点から、5重量%以上であることが好ましい。   The particles may contain other polymers as constituents. Examples of the polymer component include, but are not limited to, polyamide resins, styrene resins, vinyl resins, polyester resins, aromatic polysulfone resins, and the like. The constituent ratio of these polymer particles is preferably 95% by weight or less. When it is more than 95% by weight, functions such as heat curing performance and adhesion performance, which are the performance of the original epoxy resin, tend to be insufficient. More preferably, it is 90 weight% or less. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a minimum, It is preferable that it is 5 weight% or more from a viewpoint of fully exhibiting the characteristic of a polymer.

次に、上記化合物から本発明のエポキシ系粒子を得る方法について説明するが、これらの方法に限定されるものではない。なお、本発明における粒子は、球状に限らず不定形状のものも含まれる。第1の方法としては、エポキシ樹脂と硬化剤をあらかじめ反応させて硬化した後、ボールミルやジェットミル等を用いて機械的に粉砕し粒子を得る方法がある。第2の方法としては、上記の混合物を水主体あるいは非水溶性の液体中に懸濁させて粒子化する方法がある。粒子の均一性、真球性などから第2の方法が好ましく用いられる。このような方法の具体例としては次のような方法が挙げられるが、これに限定されるものではない。
(1)該混合物またはその溶液を霧状に飛散させ乾燥させる(スプレードライ法)、
(2)該混合物またはその溶液を貧溶媒中に霧状に投入し、沈殿させる(スプレー再沈法)、
(3)該混合物またはその溶液を界面活性剤を用いて乳化する方法、
(4)保護コロイド性物質を含む水性液体で該混合物またはその溶液を乳化する方法。
Next, although the method to obtain the epoxy-type particle | grains of this invention from the said compound is demonstrated, it is not limited to these methods. In addition, the particle | grains in this invention are not restricted to spherical shape, The thing of an indefinite shape is also included. As a first method, there is a method in which an epoxy resin and a curing agent are reacted in advance and cured, and then mechanically pulverized using a ball mill, a jet mill or the like to obtain particles. As a second method, there is a method of suspending the mixture in a water-based or water-insoluble liquid to form particles. The second method is preferably used in view of the uniformity of particles and the true sphericity. Specific examples of such a method include the following methods, but are not limited thereto.
(1) The mixture or a solution thereof is sprayed and dried (spray drying method).
(2) The mixture or its solution is poured into a poor solvent in the form of a mist and precipitated (spray reprecipitation method).
(3) A method of emulsifying the mixture or a solution thereof using a surfactant,
(4) A method of emulsifying the mixture or a solution thereof with an aqueous liquid containing a protective colloidal substance.

上記方法において、使用される界面活性剤としては、特に限定するものではないが、ポリオキシ・エチレン・フェノール置換エーテル系やポリオキシエチレン・ポリオキシプロピレンブロック・ポリエーテル系などエーテル型非イオン界面活性剤、ポリエチレングリコールの高級脂肪酸エステルや多価アルコールの脂肪酸エステルなどエステル型の非イオン界面活性剤およびアルコキシル化ロジン類などのノニオン系のものが代表的である。また、保護コロイド性物質としては、ポリビニルアルコール、アラビアゴム、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ゼラチン、アルギン酸ナトリウムなどがあり、一般的に使用される。   In the above method, the surfactant used is not particularly limited, but is an ether type nonionic surfactant such as polyoxy / ethylene / phenol substituted ether type or polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block / polyether type. Representative are nonionic surfactants such as ester type nonionic surfactants such as higher fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol and fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, and alkoxylated rosins. Examples of protective colloidal substances include polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, sodium alginate and the like, which are generally used.

上記混合物または溶液を水性液体に乳化分散する方法としては、強く攪拌されている上記混合物またはその溶液中に水性媒体を徐々に加えるか、逆に強く攪拌されている水性媒体中に該化合物またはその溶液を徐々に加える方法が一般的である。   As a method of emulsifying and dispersing the above mixture or solution in an aqueous liquid, an aqueous medium is gradually added to the above vigorously stirred mixture or solution thereof, or conversely, the compound or the A method of gradually adding the solution is common.

最後に粒子中のエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤を反応させるために常圧あるいは加圧下で加熱硬化処理を行い、続いて、濾過や遠心分離、洗浄などを行って粒子を得る。   Finally, in order to react the epoxy resin in the particles with the curing agent, heat curing treatment is performed under normal pressure or under pressure, followed by filtration, centrifugation, washing, etc. to obtain particles.

得られた粒子の未硬化エポキシ基量と未反応エポキシ樹脂量は、次のようにして容易に分析することができる。   The amount of uncured epoxy groups and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin in the obtained particles can be easily analyzed as follows.

未反応エポキシ樹脂量を分析するには、粒子とアセトニトリルとを粒子濃度が20重量%以下となるように混合し、50℃で所定時間加熱攪拌した後、粒子を濾別する。これによって未反応エポキシ樹脂が抽出された濾液が得られ、濾液中のエポキシ樹脂濃度を測定することによって粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂量を求めることができる。加熱攪拌時間は、その条件において、例えば数時間おきに未反応エポキシ樹脂の抽出量を確認しながら、抽出量が一定となり安定した時間を任意に選択し行えばよい。エポキシ樹脂濃度の測定方法については、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)分析によって定量すればよい。   In order to analyze the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin, particles and acetonitrile are mixed so that the particle concentration is 20% by weight or less, heated and stirred at 50 ° C. for a predetermined time, and then the particles are separated by filtration. Thus, a filtrate from which unreacted epoxy resin has been extracted is obtained, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin in the particles can be determined by measuring the concentration of the epoxy resin in the filtrate. The heating and stirring time may be arbitrarily selected as long as the extraction amount becomes constant while the extraction amount of the unreacted epoxy resin is confirmed every few hours under the conditions. What is necessary is just to quantify by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis about the measuring method of an epoxy resin density | concentration.

未硬化エポキシ基量は、粒子濃度が10〜15重量%程度となるように粒子および粒子が膨潤または溶解する有機溶媒を混合し、これにトリエチルアミンを添加して均一なスラリー液とした後、使用する有機溶媒の沸点以下の温度で加熱攪拌し、経時的に反応液のアミン価を測定することによって求めることができる。アミン価が一定となった時点が終点であり、このときの反応液アミン価の減少量から粒子中に残存するエポキシ基の残量が求まる。この場合、添加するトリエチルアミンの量は分析に使用する粒子の量に応じて、粒子仕込みのエポキシ樹脂のエポキシ基が全く反応していない場合に相当する当量数分を添加するのがよい。有機溶媒はo−ニトロトルエンを用いるのが好ましいが、これに限らず粒子が膨潤しやすい溶媒を適宜選択して用いる。アミン価の測定は、JISK7237に従った測定方法が一般的に使用される。   The amount of uncured epoxy group is used after mixing particles and an organic solvent in which the particles swell or dissolve so that the particle concentration is about 10 to 15% by weight, and adding triethylamine to this to make a uniform slurry. It can be determined by heating and stirring at a temperature below the boiling point of the organic solvent to be measured, and measuring the amine value of the reaction solution over time. The end point is when the amine value becomes constant, and the remaining amount of epoxy groups remaining in the particles is determined from the amount of decrease in the amine value of the reaction liquid at this time. In this case, the amount of triethylamine to be added is preferably an equivalent number corresponding to the case where the epoxy groups of the epoxy resin charged with particles are not reacted at all, according to the amount of particles used in the analysis. The organic solvent is preferably o-nitrotoluene, but is not limited to this, and a solvent in which particles easily swell is appropriately selected and used. For the measurement of the amine value, a measurement method according to JISK7237 is generally used.

本発明では、上記方法によって粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量および未反応エポキシ樹脂量を測定し、最終的に得るエポキシ系粒子の未反応エポキシ樹脂量が0.1重量%超21重量%以下となるように制御する。   In the present invention, the amount of the uncured epoxy group and the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin in the particles is measured by the above method, and the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin of the epoxy-based particles finally obtained is more than 0.1% by weight and 21% by weight or less. Control to be.

得られたエポキシ系粒子は、マトリックス樹脂に分散して用いることができる。あるいはエポキシ系粒子を単独で接着剤用として用いても良いが、この場合は粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂量が14重量%から25重量%未満であるのが好ましい。   The obtained epoxy particles can be used by being dispersed in a matrix resin. Alternatively, the epoxy particles may be used alone for the adhesive, but in this case, the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin in the particles is preferably 14% by weight to less than 25% by weight.

またエポキシ系粒子に存在している未反応エポキシ樹脂量が0.1重量%以下では、接着力が低下する。そして、この領域はHPLCにおける検出限界以下となる。一方、未反応エポキシ樹脂量が25重量%を超えると、エポキシ系粒子の流動性の低下、粒子表面のベタツキが増す等の取り扱い性の悪化が起こり好ましくない。好ましくは1.5重量%以上であり、21重量%以下であることが好ましい。   Further, when the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin present in the epoxy-based particles is 0.1% by weight or less, the adhesive strength is lowered. And this area | region becomes below the detection limit in HPLC. On the other hand, when the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin exceeds 25% by weight, handling properties such as a decrease in the fluidity of the epoxy-based particles and an increase in the stickiness of the particle surfaces are undesirable. Preferably it is 1.5 weight% or more, and it is preferable that it is 21 weight% or less.

本発明のエポキシ系粒子は、マトリックス樹脂中に分散させて組成物とすることができる。   The epoxy particles of the present invention can be dispersed in a matrix resin to form a composition.

ここで用いられるマトリックス樹脂としては、具体的には、エポキシ樹脂、ベンゾオキサジン樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、マレイミド樹脂、シアン酸エステル樹脂および尿素樹脂などが挙げられるが、この中でも特にエポキシ樹脂が好適に用いられる。   Specific examples of the matrix resin used here include epoxy resins, benzoxazine resins, vinyl ester resins, unsaturated polyester resins, urethane resins, phenol resins, melamine resins, maleimide resins, cyanate ester resins and urea resins. Among them, an epoxy resin is particularly preferably used.

このようにエポキシ系粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂量を適当な範囲に制御すると取り扱い性は良好なまま優れた接着性が得られる。これは、粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂はエポキシ樹脂分子内のエポキシ基がまだ1つも他の成分と反応していないために、反応部位が比較的制限されずに有効であり、マトリックス樹脂や材質との接着の際に化学結合して高い接着力をもたらすものと推定される。一方、粒子中には未硬化エポキシ基も存在するが、これについてはエポキシ樹脂分子内のエポキシ基の少なくとも1つがすでに粒子構成成分と反応しているため立体的にそれ以上の反応が進みにくく、接着の際の反応部位が制限されるため接着力に対する寄与は小さいと推定される。   Thus, when the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin in the epoxy-based particles is controlled within an appropriate range, excellent adhesiveness can be obtained while the handleability is good. This is because the unreacted epoxy resin in the particles is effective because the epoxy group in the epoxy resin molecule has not yet reacted with the other components, and the reactive sites are relatively limited. It is presumed that a high bond strength is obtained by chemical bonding during bonding. On the other hand, there are also uncured epoxy groups in the particles. However, since at least one of the epoxy groups in the epoxy resin molecule has already reacted with the particle constituents, it is difficult for further reaction to proceed sterically. Since the reaction site at the time of bonding is limited, the contribution to the adhesive force is estimated to be small.

硬化直後のエポキシ系粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂量は、例えばエポキシ樹脂のエポキシ基1当量に対して硬化剤のアミン化合物の活性水素基が0.1〜10当量となるように硬化剤を用い上記方法によって製造したとき通常25〜50重量%程度である。かかるエポキシ系粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂量を本発明で規定する範囲内に制御する方法としては、上記の如くして得たエポキシ系粒子をエポキシ樹脂が溶解性を示す溶媒で処理し、粒子中から未反応エポキシ樹脂を抽出する方法が用いられる。溶媒としては水及び又は有機溶媒が用いられる。使用できる有機溶媒としては、エポキシ樹脂が溶解する有機溶媒の中で抽出中にエポキシ樹脂と反応しないもの、粒子自体の形状や特性を変化させないものであれば適用できる。なかでも未反応エポキシ樹脂と蒸留分離可能なものが好ましい。このような条件を満足する溶媒としては、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、アセトニトリル、イソプロピルアルコール、エタノール、クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン、トルエン、キシレンから選ばれる1種の溶媒または2種以上の混合した溶媒が好ましく挙げられる。これら溶媒のうちでは特に、アセトニトリルを用いると粒子から未反応エポキシ樹脂を効率良く抽出できるが、除去効率が高すぎず、また低すぎない溶媒が未反応エポキシ樹脂量の制御がしやすい点で好ましく、具体的には水が好ましい。   The amount of unreacted epoxy resin in the epoxy-based particles immediately after curing is, for example, using a curing agent such that the active hydrogen group of the amine compound of the curing agent is 0.1 to 10 equivalents with respect to 1 equivalent of epoxy group of the epoxy resin. When manufactured by the above method, it is usually about 25 to 50% by weight. As a method for controlling the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin in the epoxy particle within the range specified in the present invention, the epoxy particle obtained as described above is treated with a solvent in which the epoxy resin is soluble, and the particle A method of extracting unreacted epoxy resin from the inside is used. As the solvent, water and / or an organic solvent are used. As the organic solvent that can be used, any organic solvent that does not react with the epoxy resin during extraction or that does not change the shape or characteristics of the particles themselves can be used. Among these, those which can be separated from unreacted epoxy resin by distillation are preferable. Preferred examples of the solvent that satisfies such conditions include one solvent selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, toluene, and xylene, or a mixture of two or more solvents. Among these solvents, in particular, acetonitrile can be used to efficiently extract unreacted epoxy resin from particles, but the removal efficiency is not too high, and a solvent that is not too low is preferable in terms of easy control of the amount of unreacted epoxy resin. Specifically, water is preferable.

未反応エポキシ樹脂の抽出量の程度は溶媒量、温度、時間の組み合わせで調節することが可能である。ある一定の抽出量を得るためには、抽出温度が低いほど長時間を要する。したがって、短時間で効率よく抽出を行うためには溶媒の沸点以下の温度で適宜加温して行うのが好ましい。抽出時の粒子濃度は粒子の分散状態によって適宜選択され、十分に分散させるためには20重量%以下、好ましくは10重量%以下で行うのがよい。下限としては1重量%が好ましい。粒子中の未反応のエポキシ樹脂含有量を制御するためには、その粒子について抽出条件(例えば時間あるいは温度等)を振って作成した検量線に基づき、所望の残存量とするため条件を設定し行えばよく、最終的に望ましい量の未反応エポキシ樹脂を含有したエポキシ系粒子が得られる。   The degree of extraction of the unreacted epoxy resin can be adjusted by a combination of the amount of solvent, temperature and time. In order to obtain a certain amount of extraction, the lower the extraction temperature, the longer it takes. Therefore, in order to extract efficiently in a short time, it is preferable to carry out the heating appropriately at a temperature below the boiling point of the solvent. The particle concentration at the time of extraction is appropriately selected depending on the dispersion state of the particles, and in order to sufficiently disperse, it is 20% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less. The lower limit is preferably 1% by weight. In order to control the content of unreacted epoxy resin in the particles, conditions are set to obtain the desired residual amount based on a calibration curve created by varying the extraction conditions (such as time or temperature) for the particles. What is necessary is just to carry out, and finally the epoxy-type particle | grains containing a desired quantity of unreacted epoxy resins are obtained.

以下、実施例に基づき本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these.

なお、以下実施例中におけるエポキシ当量、粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂および未硬化エポキシ基量は次に示す方法で測定した値である。   In addition, the epoxy equivalent in an Example, the unreacted epoxy resin in a particle | grain, and the amount of uncured epoxy groups are the values measured by the method shown next.

(エポキシ当量測定法)
ビーカーに試料0.1gを精秤し、ジクロロメタン80mlと氷酢酸20mlを加え溶解する。さらにセチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド(CTBA)2.0gを加えて混合する。この液を電位差自動滴定装置(京都電子(株)社製)により、0.1N過塩素酸で滴定する。エポキシ当量は次式によって計算する。
エポキシ当量(g/eq)=(1000×試料の重量(g))/(滴定量(ml)×0.1×0.1N過塩素酸のファクター)。
(Epoxy equivalent measurement method)
Weigh accurately 0.1 g of sample in a beaker, add 80 ml of dichloromethane and 20 ml of glacial acetic acid to dissolve. Further, 2.0 g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTBA) is added and mixed. This solution is titrated with 0.1N perchloric acid using an automatic potentiometric titrator (manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Co., Ltd.). The epoxy equivalent is calculated by the following formula.
Epoxy equivalent (g / eq) = (1000 × sample weight (g)) / (titration amount (ml) × 0.1 × 0.1 N perchloric acid factor).

(未反応エポキシ樹脂残量測定法)
粒子2gとアセトニトリル50gをナスフラスコに精秤し、50℃で8時間加熱攪拌後、吸引濾過する。この濾液を用いて以下に示す分析条件で高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)分析により定量した値である。
(Measurement method for remaining unreacted epoxy resin)
2 g of particles and 50 g of acetonitrile are precisely weighed in an eggplant flask, heated and stirred at 50 ° C. for 8 hours, and then suction filtered. It is a value quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis under the analysis conditions shown below using this filtrate.

分析条件
カラム:Inertsil ODS−3 4.6mmI.D.×25cm
カラム温度:40℃
移動相:アセトニトリル/水=0.6/0.4
流速:1.0ml/min
検出:UV254nm。
Analysis condition column: Inertsil ODS-3 4.6 mmI. D. × 25cm
Column temperature: 40 ° C
Mobile phase: acetonitrile / water = 0.6 / 0.4
Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min
Detection: UV254 nm.

(未硬化エポキシ基測定法)
粒子20g、トリエチルアミン0.07〜0.1g、o−ニトロトルエン100mlをナスフラスコに精秤し、しばらく混合して均一なスラリー液とする。これを80℃で加熱攪拌し、経時的に反応液20gをビーカーにサンプリングし、o−ニトロトルエン10mlと酢酸10mlを加え、自動電位差滴定装置(京都電子(株)社製)により、0.1N過塩素酸で滴定し、反応液全体のアミン価を求める。未硬化エポキシ基量は、求めた反応液アミン価の減少量から下記式を用いて算出した値である。
アミン価(meq/g)=反応液全体の重量×(滴定量(ml)×0.1×0.1N過塩素酸のファクター)/サンプルの重量(g)
未硬化エポキシ基(meq/g)=アミン価の減少量(meq)/粒子の重量(g)。
(Uncured epoxy group measurement method)
20 g of particles, 0.07 to 0.1 g of triethylamine, and 100 ml of o-nitrotoluene are precisely weighed in an eggplant flask and mixed for a while to obtain a uniform slurry. This was heated and stirred at 80 ° C., 20 g of the reaction solution was sampled in a beaker over time, 10 ml of o-nitrotoluene and 10 ml of acetic acid were added, and 0.1 N excess was added by an automatic potentiometric titrator (manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Co., Ltd.). Titrate with chloric acid to determine the amine value of the entire reaction solution. The amount of the uncured epoxy group is a value calculated from the calculated reduction amount of the reaction solution amine value using the following formula.
Amine value (meq / g) = weight of the whole reaction solution × (titration amount (ml) × 0.1 × 0.1 N perchloric acid factor) / weight of sample (g)
Uncured epoxy group (meq / g) = reduction amount of amine value (meq) / weight of particle (g).

(実施例1)
市販のビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテルタイプのエポキシ樹脂(商品名「jER828」、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、エポキシ当量186)10gを100ccの3つ口フラスコにとり、これに市販のポリオキシエチレン・フェノール置換エーテル系界面活性剤(商品名「ノイゲンEA−137」、第一工業製薬(株)製)を0.8g加えた。“テフロン(登録商標)”製の板状翼を先端に付けた攪拌棒で800rpm、1分間混練した。続いて注射器に入れた6ccの水を1.5ccずつ1分間隔で、800rpmの攪拌をしながら順次加えた。フラスコ内には乳白色のエマルジョンが得られた。
Example 1
10 g of a commercially available bisphenol A diglycidyl ether type epoxy resin (trade name “jER828”, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 186) was placed in a 100 cc three-necked flask, and this was replaced with a commercially available polyoxyethylene / phenol substituted 0.8 g of an ether surfactant (trade name “Neugen EA-137”, manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was added. The mixture was kneaded at 800 rpm for 1 minute with a stirring rod having a plate-like blade made of “Teflon (registered trademark)” attached to the tip. Subsequently, 6 cc of water placed in a syringe was added in increments of 1.5 cc at 1 minute intervals while stirring at 800 rpm. A milky white emulsion was obtained in the flask.

この未硬化エポキシエマルジョンに、0.5当量のピペラジンを8ccの水に溶解した硬化液を加え、ゆるやかに攪拌して均一化した。   To this uncured epoxy emulsion, a curing solution obtained by dissolving 0.5 equivalent of piperazine in 8 cc of water was added, and the mixture was gently stirred to homogenize.

この液を25℃で3日間静置放置して、平均粒子径約6μmの球状粒子に硬化させた。硬化粒子を吸引濾過で濾取した。分析の結果、得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は2.3meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は25重量%(エポキシ基1.5meq/g相当)であった。   This solution was allowed to stand at 25 ° C. for 3 days to be cured into spherical particles having an average particle size of about 6 μm. The cured particles were collected by suction filtration. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 2.3 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 25% by weight (equivalent to 1.5 meq / g epoxy groups).

上記濾取した粒子をナス型フラスコに入れ、アセトニトリル400mlを加えて再分散させた。これにコンデンサーを付け50℃のウォーターバス中で加熱攪拌下、1時間抽出を行った。抽出後、粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は1.6meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は14重量%(エポキシ基0.82meq/g相当)であった。   The particles collected by filtration were placed in an eggplant-shaped flask and re-dispersed by adding 400 ml of acetonitrile. A condenser was attached to this, and extraction was carried out in a water bath at 50 ° C. for 1 hour with heating and stirring. After extraction, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the particles was 1.6 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 14% by weight (corresponding to epoxy groups of 0.82 meq / g).

(実施例2)
ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「jER806」、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、エポキシ当量170)70重量部、硬化剤としてポリアミドアミン(商品名「ラッカマイドTD−960」、大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)12重量部およびポリアミド樹脂(商品名「グリルアミド−TR55」、EMSER WERKE社製)18重量部をクロロホルム300重量部とメタノール100重量部の混合溶媒中に添加して均一溶液を得た。次に該溶液を塗装用のスプレーガンを用いて霧状にして、よく攪拌した3000重量部のn−へキサンの液面に向かって吹き付けて溶質を析出させた。析出した固体を濾別し、24時間真空乾燥し粉末粒子を得た。分析の結果、粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は3.7meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は31重量%(エポキシ基1.8meq/g相当)であった。その後、粒子をナス型フラスコに入れ、アセトニトリル500mlを加えて再分散し、コンデンサーを付けて50℃のウォーターバス中で加熱攪拌下、3時間抽出を行った。抽出後、粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は2.0meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は1.5重量%(エポキシ基0.088meq/g相当)であった。
(Example 2)
70 parts by weight of bisphenol F type epoxy resin (trade name “jER806”, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 170), polyamidoamine as a curing agent (trade name “Racamamide TD-960”, Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. )) 12 parts by weight and 18 parts by weight of a polyamide resin (trade name “Grillamide-TR55”, manufactured by EMSER WERKE) were added to a mixed solvent of 300 parts by weight of chloroform and 100 parts by weight of methanol to obtain a uniform solution. Next, the solution was atomized using a spray gun for coating, and sprayed toward the liquid surface of 3000 parts by weight of n-hexane, which was well stirred, to precipitate a solute. The precipitated solid was separated by filtration and vacuum dried for 24 hours to obtain powder particles. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the particles was 3.7 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 31% by weight (equivalent to 1.8 meq / g epoxy groups). Thereafter, the particles were placed in an eggplant type flask, 500 ml of acetonitrile was added and redispersed, and a condenser was attached, followed by extraction with heating and stirring in a 50 ° C. water bath for 3 hours. After extraction, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the particles was 2.0 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 1.5% by weight (equivalent to 0.088 meq / g epoxy groups).

(実施例3)
ポリエーテルスルホン(商品名「ビクトレックスユーデル100p」、ICI社製)31.7重量部、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「jER152」、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、エポキシ当量176)60重量部および硬化剤としてジアミノジフェニルメタン8.3重量部を塩化メチレン388重量部とメタノール12重量部の混合溶媒中に添加、溶解して粘稠なポリマー溶液を得た。該溶液を室温で600rpmの回転速度で攪拌しながら、5%濃度のポリビニルアルコール水溶液400重量部を15分間で連続的に添加し、初期の油中水滴型乳化液から最終的に水中油滴型乳化液を得た。次に、該乳化液を300rpmで攪拌しながら60℃に昇温し、塩化メチレンおよびメタノールを揮発除去した。さらに、該乳化液をオートクレーブ中85℃で2.5時間、続いて150℃で2時間加熱処理しエポキシ樹脂を硬化させた。室温まで冷却して濾過し平均粒径が11μmの粒子を得た。分析の結果、得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は2.9meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は26重量%(エポキシ基1.5meq/g相当)であった。その後、粒子をナス型フラスコに入れ、アセトニトリル500mlを加えて再分散し、コンデンサーを付けて50℃のウォーターバス中で加熱攪拌下、1時間抽出を行った。抽出後、粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は1.8meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は6.2重量%(エポキシ基0.36meq/g相当)であった。
(Example 3)
Polyethersulfone (trade name “Victorex Udel 100p”, manufactured by ICI) 31.7 parts by weight, phenol novolac type epoxy resin (trade name “jER152”, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resins Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 176) 60 weights And 8.3 parts by weight of diaminodiphenylmethane as a curing agent were added and dissolved in a mixed solvent of 388 parts by weight of methylene chloride and 12 parts by weight of methanol to obtain a viscous polymer solution. While stirring the solution at a rotational speed of 600 rpm at room temperature, 400 parts by weight of a 5% strength polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution was continuously added for 15 minutes, and finally from the initial water-in-oil emulsion to the oil-in-water type. An emulsion was obtained. Next, the emulsion was heated to 60 ° C. while stirring at 300 rpm, and methylene chloride and methanol were removed by volatilization. Further, the emulsion was heated in an autoclave at 85 ° C. for 2.5 hours and then at 150 ° C. for 2 hours to cure the epoxy resin. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered to obtain particles having an average particle diameter of 11 μm. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 2.9 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 26% by weight (equivalent to 1.5 meq / g epoxy groups). Thereafter, the particles were put into an eggplant-shaped flask, 500 ml of acetonitrile was added and redispersed, and a condenser was attached, followed by extraction with heating and stirring in a 50 ° C. water bath for 1 hour. After extraction, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the particles was 1.8 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 6.2% by weight (equivalent to epoxy group 0.36 meq / g).

(実施例4)
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「jER828」、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、エポキシ当量186)30重量部、ジアミノジフェニルメタン8.3重量部およびポリアミド樹脂(商品名「グリルアミド−TR70LX」、EMSERWERKE社製)61.7重量部をクロロホルム300重量部とエタノール100重量部の混合溶媒中に添加し、溶解してポリマー溶液を得た。該溶液を室温で、700rpmの回転速度で攪拌しながら、4%濃度のポリビニルアルコール水溶液300重量部を5分間で連続的に添加し、初期の油中水滴型乳化液から最終的に水中油滴型乳化を得た。該分散液を500rpmで攪拌しながら、70℃に昇温し、クロロホルムおよびエタノールを揮発させた。該乳化液をオートクレーブ中に投入し、90℃で2時間、続いて140℃で2時間加熱硬化処理を行って、平均粒径が14μmの球状粒子を得た。分析の結果、得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は3.5meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は29重量%(エポキシ基1.6meq/g相当)であった。その後、粒子をナス型フラスコに入れ、アセトニトリル500mlを加えて再分散し、コンデンサーを付けて50℃のウォーターバス中で加熱攪拌下、5時間抽出を行った。抽出後、粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は2.0meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は1.3重量%(エポキシ基0.076meq/g相当)であった。
Example 4
30 parts by weight of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (trade name “jER828”, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 186), 8.3 parts by weight of diaminodiphenylmethane and polyamide resin (trade name “Grillamide-TR70LX”, manufactured by EMSERWERKE) 61.7 parts by weight was added to a mixed solvent of 300 parts by weight of chloroform and 100 parts by weight of ethanol and dissolved to obtain a polymer solution. While stirring the solution at room temperature at a rotation speed of 700 rpm, 300 parts by weight of a 4% strength polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution was continuously added over 5 minutes, and finally the oil-in-water droplets were finally discharged from the initial water-in-oil emulsion. A mold emulsification was obtained. While stirring the dispersion at 500 rpm, the temperature was raised to 70 ° C. to volatilize chloroform and ethanol. The emulsion was put into an autoclave and heat-cured at 90 ° C. for 2 hours and then at 140 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 14 μm. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 3.5 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 29% by weight (equivalent to 1.6 meq / g epoxy groups). Thereafter, the particles were placed in an eggplant-shaped flask, 500 ml of acetonitrile was added and redispersed, and a condenser was attached, followed by extraction with heating and stirring in a 50 ° C. water bath for 5 hours. After extraction, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the particles was 2.0 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 1.3% by weight (equivalent to epoxy group 0.076 meq / g).

(実施例5)
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「jER828」、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製)30重量部、ジアミノジフェニルメタン6重量部およびn−ブチルアクリレート64重量部に酢酸エチル300重量部を添加、混合し均一な溶液を得た。該溶液を30℃で700rpmの回転速度で攪拌しながら8%濃度のポリビニルアルコール(商品名「ゴーセノールGL−05」日本合成化学(株)製)水溶液300重量部を10分間で連続的に添加し、初期の油中水滴型乳化液から最終的に水中油滴型乳化液を得た。該乳化液を200rpmで攪拌しながら減圧下50℃に昇温し酢酸エチルを揮発除去した。さらに該乳化液をオートクレーブ中に投入し、ゆっくり攪拌しながら90℃で2時間、続いて150℃で2時間加熱硬化処理を行い、室温まで冷却後、容器内から取り出し、平均粒径約19μmの球状粒子を得た。分析の結果、得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は4.2meq/gであり、未反応のエポキシ樹脂量は34重量%(エポキシ基2.0meq/g相当)であった。さらに、この粒子を80℃の温水1L中で3時間攪拌洗浄し濾過する操作を2回繰り返して洗浄を行った後、最終的に未硬化エポキシ基量が3.4meq/g、未反応エポキシ樹脂量が21重量%(エポキシ基1.2meq/g相当)の粒子を得た。
(Example 5)
30 parts by weight of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (trade name “jER828”, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.), 6 parts by weight of diaminodiphenylmethane, and 64 parts by weight of n-butyl acrylate are mixed with 300 parts by weight of ethyl acetate and mixed uniformly. A solution was obtained. While stirring the solution at 30 ° C. at a rotation speed of 700 rpm, 300 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of 8% polyvinyl alcohol (trade name “GOHSENOL GL-05” manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.) was continuously added for 10 minutes. The oil-in-water emulsion was finally obtained from the initial water-in-oil emulsion. While stirring the emulsion at 200 rpm, the temperature was raised to 50 ° C. under reduced pressure to volatilize and remove ethyl acetate. Further, the emulsion is put into an autoclave, heat-cured at 90 ° C. for 2 hours and then at 150 ° C. for 2 hours with slow stirring, cooled to room temperature, taken out from the container, and having an average particle size of about 19 μm. Spherical particles were obtained. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 4.2 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 34% by weight (equivalent to 2.0 meq / g epoxy groups). Further, the particles were washed by stirring twice in 1 L of warm water at 80 ° C. for 3 hours and filtered twice, and finally the uncured epoxy group amount was 3.4 meq / g. Particles having an amount of 21% by weight (equivalent to epoxy group 1.2 meq / g) were obtained.

(比較例1)
アセトニトリルによる抽出を行わなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で粒子を得た。分析の結果、得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は2.3meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は25重量%(エポキシ基1.5meq/g相当)であった。
(Comparative Example 1)
Particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that extraction with acetonitrile was not performed. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 2.3 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 25% by weight (equivalent to 1.5 meq / g epoxy groups).

(比較例2)
ポリエーテルスルホン(商品名「ビクトレックスユーデル100p」、ICI社製)35重量部、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「jER828」、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、エポキシ当量186)60重量部および硬化剤としてジアミノジフェニルメタン5重量部を用いて実施例3と同様の方法で得た粒子を、水に再分散し、4Nリン酸を加えて0.4Nのリン酸溶液とし、90℃で4時間加熱攪拌し残存エポキシ基を失活処理した。アンモニア水による中和処理後、濾過、洗浄を行って粒子を得た。分析の結果、得られた粒子中に未硬化エポキシ基は検出されず、また未反応エポキシ樹脂量も0.1重量%以下であった。
(Comparative Example 2)
35 parts by weight of polyethersulfone (trade name “Victrex Udel 100p”, manufactured by ICI), 60 parts by weight of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (trade name “jER828”, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 186) and Particles obtained by the same method as in Example 3 using 5 parts by weight of diaminodiphenylmethane as a curing agent are redispersed in water, and 4N phosphoric acid is added to form a 0.4N phosphoric acid solution, which is then heated at 90 ° C. for 4 hours. The remaining epoxy groups were deactivated by heating and stirring. After neutralization with aqueous ammonia, filtration and washing were performed to obtain particles. As a result of analysis, uncured epoxy groups were not detected in the obtained particles, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 0.1% by weight or less.

(比較例3)
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「jER828」、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、エポキシ当量186)72重量部、ジアミノジフェニルメタン18重量部およびポリアミド樹脂(商品名「グリルアミド−TR70LX」、EMSERWERKE社製)10重量部を用い、実施例4と同様の方法で粒子を得た。分析の結果、得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は2.4meq/gであり、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は26重量%(エポキシ基1.5meq/g)であった。
(Comparative Example 3)
72 parts by weight of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (trade name “jER828”, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 186), 18 parts by weight of diaminodiphenylmethane, and polyamide resin (trade name “Grillamide-TR70LX”, manufactured by EMSERWERKE) 10 Particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 using parts by weight. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 2.4 meq / g, and the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 26% by weight (epoxy groups 1.5 meq / g).

(比較例4)
実施例1と同様の方法で濾取した粒子をナス型フラスコに入れ、アセトニトリル400gを加えて再分散させ、これにコンデンサーを付けて50℃のウォーターバス中で加熱攪拌下、12時間抽出を行った後に粒子を得た。分析の結果、得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は0.8meq/gであったが、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は0.1重量%以下であった。
(Comparative Example 4)
The particles collected by filtration in the same manner as in Example 1 are placed in an eggplant-shaped flask, and 400 g of acetonitrile is added and redispersed. A condenser is attached to this and extraction is performed for 12 hours with heating and stirring in a 50 ° C. water bath. After that, particles were obtained. As a result of analysis, the amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 0.8 meq / g, but the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 0.1% by weight or less.

(比較例5)
実施例5と同様の方法で粒子を製造し、95℃の温水1L中で3時間攪拌洗浄し濾過する操作を5回繰り返すことにより充分洗浄した後に粒子を得た。得られた粒子中の未硬化エポキシ基量は2.2meq/gであったが、未反応エポキシ樹脂量は0.1重量%以下であった。
(Comparative Example 5)
Particles were produced in the same manner as in Example 5, and washed sufficiently by repeating the operation of stirring, washing and filtering in 1 L of warm water at 95 ° C. for 3 hours for 5 hours to obtain particles. The amount of uncured epoxy groups in the obtained particles was 2.2 meq / g, but the amount of unreacted epoxy resin was 0.1% by weight or less.

(評価方法)
得られた粒子は次に示す方法により評価し、結果を表1に示す。
(Evaluation method)
The obtained particles were evaluated by the following method, and the results are shown in Table 1.

(1)粒子の表面状態
減圧乾燥機で0.5kPa以下、50℃、3時間乾燥し、室温まで冷却した後の粒子の表面状態について、指触によるベタツキ度合から以下の基準で判定した。
◎:完全に乾燥、○:ほとんど乾燥、△:ややベタツキ、×:ベタツキ激しい。
(1) Surface condition of particles The surface condition of the particles after drying at 0.5 kPa or less, 50 ° C. for 3 hours with a vacuum dryer and cooling to room temperature was determined based on the degree of stickiness due to touch with the following criteria.
A: Completely dry, O: Almost dry, Δ: Slightly sticky, ×: Sticky and intense

(2)接着性
以下に示す手順で接着性を評価した。
(2) Adhesiveness Adhesiveness was evaluated by the following procedure.

濾過風乾後の粒子をスライドガラス(75mm×25mm、厚さ1mm)に10mg計量し、片端から30mmまでのところに均一に散布してから、もう一枚のスライドガラスで同じ面積だけ覆い、セロハンテープで両スライドガラスを固定して、180℃の熱風乾燥機で2時間処理した後、冷却後セロハンテープを除去してから手で接着性を観察した。接着物の破壊様式から以下の基準で接着性を判定した。
◎:接着部は破断せずにその他の部分のスライドガラスが破壊、○:接着部はほとんど破断せずにその他の部分のスライドガラスが破壊、△:接着部がやや破断する、×:接着部が完全に破断。
Weigh 10 mg of particles after filtration and air drying onto a slide glass (75 mm x 25 mm, thickness 1 mm), spread evenly from 30 mm to one end, cover the same area with another slide glass, and use cellophane tape. Both glass slides were fixed and treated with a hot air dryer at 180 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling, the cellophane tape was removed and the adhesiveness was observed by hand. The adhesiveness was judged from the adhesive breakage pattern according to the following criteria.
◎: The other part of the slide glass is broken without breaking the bonded part, ○: The other part of the glass slide is broken almost without breaking, Δ: The bonded part is broken slightly, X: Bonded part Is completely broken.

(3)接着面の透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)観察
TEM観察試料作成のためのマトリックス樹脂(エポキシ樹脂“アラルダイト”(登録商標)ニチバン(株)製)と上記記載の粒子とを混練し、室温で24時間放置してエポキシ樹脂組成物を得た。これらの樹脂組成物について、ミクロトームを用いて超薄切片を切り出すことによりTEM観察用の試料を作製し、TEM(日立H−7100)にて粒子とマトリックス樹脂との接着面の観察を行い、粒子の接着性について評価を行った。TEM写真の代表例を図1および図2に示した。図1は実施例3の粒子についての写真であり、図2は比較例2の粒子についての写真である。実施例3では接着面が良好であったが、比較例2では粒子とマトリックス樹脂との接着面に剥離(写真の白い部分)がみられた。このように、接着面の剥離の度合いを以下の基準で判定した。
○:接着面に剥離が認められない、△:接着面にわずかな剥離が認められる、×:接着面にかなりの剥離が認められる。
(3) Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Observation of Bonded Surface A matrix resin (epoxy resin “Araldite” (registered trademark) manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) for preparing a TEM observation sample and the above-described particles are kneaded, and room temperature For 24 hours to obtain an epoxy resin composition. About these resin compositions, a sample for TEM observation is prepared by cutting out an ultrathin section using a microtome, and the adhesion surface between the particles and the matrix resin is observed with TEM (Hitachi H-7100). The adhesiveness of each was evaluated. Representative examples of TEM photographs are shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a photograph of the particles of Example 3, and FIG. 2 is a photograph of the particles of Comparative Example 2. In Example 3, the adhesion surface was good, but in Comparative Example 2, peeling (white portion in the photograph) was observed on the adhesion surface between the particles and the matrix resin. Thus, the degree of peeling of the adhesive surface was determined according to the following criteria.
○: No peeling is observed on the adhesive surface, Δ: Slight peeling is observed on the adhesive surface, ×: Considerable peeling is observed on the adhesive surface.

Figure 0005177110
Figure 0005177110

表1において、粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂の含有量(重量%)が本発明の範囲内にない比較例では、評価項目の少なくとも何れかについて劣るのに対し、粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂の含有量(重量%)が本発明の範囲内にある実施例では、各評価項目について優れていることがわかった。   In Table 1, the comparative example in which the content (% by weight) of the unreacted epoxy resin in the particles is not within the scope of the present invention is inferior for at least one of the evaluation items, whereas the unreacted epoxy resin in the particles is inferior. In Examples where the content (% by weight) is within the range of the present invention, it was found that each evaluation item was excellent.

Claims (6)

少なくともエポキシ当量として100〜2000を有するエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤を反応させて得られる粒子であって、粒子中に未反応エポキシ樹脂を含有し、その含有量が0.1重量%を越えて21重量%以下であることを特徴とするエポキシ系粒子。 Particles obtained by reacting an epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 100 to 2000 and a curing agent, the particles containing unreacted epoxy resin, the content of which exceeds 0.1% by weight and is 21% by weight % Epoxy-based particles, characterized by 粒子中の未反応エポキシ樹脂量が14重量%以上21重量%以下である請求項1に記載のエポキシ系粒子。 2. The epoxy particle according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the unreacted epoxy resin in the particle is 14 wt% or more and 21 wt% or less. トリックス樹脂中に分散させて用いることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のエポキシ系粒子。 Epoxy-based particles according to claim 1, wherein the use is dispersed in a Matrix resin. エポキシ樹脂がビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のエポキシ系粒子。 Epoxy-based particles according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy resin is a bisphenol A type epoxy resin. 硬化剤がアミン化合物である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のエポキシ系粒子。 The epoxy particle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the curing agent is an amine compound. 請求項1〜のいずれか記載のエポキシ系粒子をマトリックス樹脂中に分散させてなる組成物。 The composition formed by disperse | distributing the epoxy-type particle | grains in any one of Claims 1-5 in matrix resin.
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JPS59170114A (en) * 1983-03-18 1984-09-26 Toray Ind Inc Epoxy fine particles and their preparation
JPH06908B2 (en) * 1988-01-19 1994-01-05 東レ株式会社 Spherical powder adhesive and method for producing the same
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