JP5161147B2 - Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide and soil fumigation method - Google Patents
Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide and soil fumigation method Download PDFInfo
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- JP5161147B2 JP5161147B2 JP2009106529A JP2009106529A JP5161147B2 JP 5161147 B2 JP5161147 B2 JP 5161147B2 JP 2009106529 A JP2009106529 A JP 2009106529A JP 2009106529 A JP2009106529 A JP 2009106529A JP 5161147 B2 JP5161147 B2 JP 5161147B2
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 163
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- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 title claims description 49
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Description
本発明は、酵素付着カプセル化農薬、および土壌くん蒸方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical and a soil fumigation method.
一般に果樹及び蔬菜類に見られる立ち枯れ病、萎ちょう病、つる割れ病、白絹病、紋羽病、黒根病などの土壌病害及び線虫類、ハリガネムシ、ネキリムシなどの土壌害虫は、果樹蔬菜類の連作を妨げる大きな原因となっている。以上の様な土壌病害虫が存在する土壌において、土壌病原菌、害虫、線虫を防除して連作を可能とする方法としては、土壌を蒸気や熱により消毒する方法やクロルピクリン（ＣＰ）、１，３−ジクロロプロペン（Ｄ−Ｄ）などの薬剤による消毒方法が知られている。これら薬剤による土壌消毒方法の内、例えば、クロルピクリンによる土壌くん蒸方法は、殺菌殺虫効果が高く、また作物及び土壌に対する残留の心配がないために、現在、最も広範囲に実施されている。しかしながら、例えば、クロルピクリンは沸点が１１２℃、蒸気圧は２４４０Ｐａ（２０℃）の強い刺激性と催涙性を有する劇物相当の有害な液体であり、その取扱は容易ではないため、改善が強く望まれている。 In general, soil diseases such as withering disease, wilt disease, vine cracking disease, white silk disease, coat feather disease, black root disease and soil pests such as nematodes, bark beetles, and bark beetles are commonly found in fruit trees and sugar beet. It is a big cause that hinders continuous production. In soils with soil pests as described above, methods for controlling soil pathogens, pests, and nematodes to enable continuous cropping include disinfection of soil with steam and heat, chlorpicrin (CP), 1, 3 -Disinfection methods using drugs such as dichloropropene (DD) are known. Among the soil disinfection methods using these drugs, for example, the soil fumigation method using chloropicrin has the highest bactericidal and insecticidal effect and is free from concerns about residues on crops and soil. However, for example, chloropicrin is a harmful liquid equivalent to a deleterious substance having a boiling point of 112 ° C. and a vapor pressure of 2440 Pa (20 ° C.), and is not easy to handle. It is rare.
上記問題点である刺激性と催涙性を抑制して、その取扱性を改善するための方法として、低温下での水溶性を向上させたゼラチン皮膜に土壌くん蒸剤を封入した土壌くん蒸用カプセル化製剤が開示されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
一方、ゼラチンカプセルの崩壊性を改良する方法として、ゼラチンカプセルにタンパク分解酵素を含有したコーティング材で被覆することにより崩壊性を改良したゼラチンカプセルが開示されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
また、最内層と該最内層を覆うように順次積層された１または２以上の皮膜層を有し、少なくとも１つの皮膜層が酵素または微生物を含有し、所定条件下、該酵素または微生物がこれを含有する皮膜層あるいは他の皮膜層を分解するように構成されたソフトカプセルが開示している（例えば、特許文献３参照）。
Encapsulation for soil fumigation with soil fumigant encapsulated in gelatin film with improved water solubility at low temperatures as a method to suppress irritation and tearing, which are the above problems, and improve handling A preparation is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
On the other hand, as a method for improving the disintegration property of a gelatin capsule, a gelatin capsule whose disintegration property is improved by coating the gelatin capsule with a coating material containing a proteolytic enzyme is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2).
In addition, it has an innermost layer and one or more coating layers sequentially laminated so as to cover the innermost layer, and at least one coating layer contains an enzyme or a microorganism, and the enzyme or the microorganism is under a predetermined condition. A soft capsule is disclosed that is configured to decompose a coating layer containing selenium or other coating layer (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
特許文献１に記載の製剤では低温下での土壌くん蒸剤の放出を促進するために、低温下で水溶性を向上したゼラチンとしてコハク化ゼラチンを用いており、このような修飾ゼラチンは一般的な未修飾ゼラチンと比べ高価であるため、修飾ゼラチンを用いることは製造コスト的に不利である。また、低温下での放出をある程度促進することが可能となることが開示されているものの、放出期間を制御することは困難であった。
また特許文献２に記載のゼラチンカプセルでは、ゼラチンカプセル表面に酵素を含有するコーティング材で被覆する際に、加温下、コーティング液に酵素を均一に分散させる必要があり、更にはコーティングパン中で５０℃乃至６０℃の熱風を送りながらコーティングするといった加熱冷却工程を経るため、熱安定性の低い封入物または熱安定性の低い酵素を使用するには不向きであるだけでなく、製造工程が煩雑であるといった問題があった。
さらに特許文献３に記載のソフトカプセルでは、最外層に酵素もしくは微生物を含有する皮膜層を形成するために、例えば、糖液に溶解した溶液をコーティング後、速やかに乾燥させるなどと記載されている通り、酵素を含有する皮膜層を１層形成させる必要があり、コーティング工程や乾燥工程といった製造工程が煩雑になるといった問題があった。また、用途として、農薬を開示しているものの、具体的な農薬に関する例示はなく、土壌くん蒸成分を封入した場合の、放出期間の制御に関する内容も何ら開示していない。
In the preparation described in Patent Document 1, succinylated gelatin is used as gelatin having improved water solubility at low temperatures in order to promote the release of soil fumigant at low temperatures. Since it is more expensive than unmodified gelatin, the use of modified gelatin is disadvantageous in production cost. Further, although it has been disclosed that release at a low temperature can be promoted to some extent, it has been difficult to control the release period.
In addition, in the gelatin capsule described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to uniformly disperse the enzyme in the coating solution under heating when the gelatin capsule surface is coated with the coating material containing the enzyme. Since the coating is heated and cooled while sending hot air of 50 ° C. to 60 ° C., not only is it unsuitable for using a low heat stability inclusion or an enzyme with low heat stability, but also the production process is complicated. There was a problem such as.
Furthermore, in the soft capsule described in Patent Document 3, in order to form a film layer containing an enzyme or a microorganism in the outermost layer, for example, as described in, after coating a solution dissolved in a sugar solution, it is quickly dried. There is a problem that it is necessary to form a single coating layer containing the enzyme, and the manufacturing process such as the coating process and the drying process becomes complicated. Moreover, although the agrochemical is disclosed as an application, there is no specific example regarding the agrochemical, and there is no disclosure regarding the control of the release period when the soil fumigation component is enclosed.
本発明の課題は、農薬使用者と土壌くん蒸成分の接触を避けることができ、かつ、放出期間を制御することが可能な酵素付着カプセル化農薬及びその使用方法を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide an enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide capable of avoiding contact between a pesticide user and a soil fumigation component and controlling the release period, and a method for using the same.
本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために検討を重ねた結果、以下に述べる新たな知見を見出し、本発明を完成した。
すなわち、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に土壌殺菌成分や土壌くん蒸成分を含有しない疎水性液体（例えば、揮発性のある有機溶媒）を封入したカプセルを土壌中もしくは土壌表面に処理した場合、土壌水分によりゼラチンを含有する皮膜が膨潤し、封入物を僅かに放出するだけではなく、数日〜１週間程度で土壌中の微生物によりゼラチンを含有する皮膜が分解を開始することにより、封入物が放出される。これに対して、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体（例えば、クロルピクリン）を封入したカプセルを土壌中もしくは土壌表面に処理した場合、理由は定かではないが、土壌中の微生物によるゼラチンを含有する皮膜の分解が極度に抑制され、３０日以上経過後も、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に封入した封入物が残存することが確認された。そこで、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面にタンパク質分解酵素を付着させたところ、封入物が速やかに放出されるようになったばかりか、酵素量を増減することで放出期間を１週間〜５週間程度の間で容易に制御することが可能であることを見出した。すなわち、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に土壌くん蒸成分を封入することにより、農薬使用者と土壌くん蒸成分の接触を避けるとともに、取り扱い性に優れたカプセル農薬とすることができることを見出した。
本発明者らは、更に、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面にタンパク質分解酵素を含有する皮膜層を形成させるため、加温溶融したコーティング液を皮膜形成後に冷却するといった工程や、糖液を拭き付け後、水分を乾燥させるなどの工程を経なくとも、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体を封入したカプセルとタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体とを混合して、該カプセル表面に、該粉体を付着させることで、酵素付着カプセル化農薬を構成することができ、これを土壌に処理した場合に、１週間〜５週間程度の間で土壌くん蒸成分の放出期間が制御できることを見出して本発明を完成した。
すなわち、本発明は以下のとおりである。
As a result of repeated studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found the following new knowledge and completed the present invention.
That is, when capsules in which a hydrophobic liquid (for example, a volatile organic solvent) that does not contain soil sterilizing components or soil fumigation components is treated in the soil or on the soil surface are coated with gelatin, The film containing swells not only slightly but releases the inclusions, but the inclusions are released when the film containing gelatin starts to decompose by microorganisms in the soil within a few days to a week. . In contrast, when a capsule containing a gelatin-containing film encapsulating a hydrophobic liquid containing a soil fumigation component (eg, chloropicrin) is treated in the soil or on the soil surface, the reason is not clear, It was confirmed that the degradation of the film containing gelatin by microorganisms was extremely suppressed, and the inclusions sealed in the film containing gelatin remained after 30 days or more. Therefore, when a proteolytic enzyme was attached to the surface of the gelatin-containing film, the inclusion was not only released quickly, but the release period was set between 1 week and 5 weeks by increasing or decreasing the amount of enzyme. It was found that it can be easily controlled by That is, it has been found that by encapsulating a soil fumigation component in a film containing gelatin, it is possible to avoid a contact between the pesticide user and the soil fumigation component and to provide a capsule pesticide with excellent handling properties.
The present inventors further have a step of cooling the heated and melted coating liquid after forming the film in order to form a film layer containing a proteolytic enzyme on the surface of the film containing gelatin, or after wiping the sugar liquid The capsule surface is obtained by mixing a capsule containing a gelatin-containing film with a hydrophobic liquid containing a soil fumigation component and a powder containing a proteolytic enzyme without going through a process such as drying the moisture. In addition, by adhering the powder, an enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide can be constituted, and when this is treated on the soil, the release period of the soil fumigation component can be controlled for about 1 to 5 weeks. And the present invention was completed.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
［１］ ゼラチンを含有する皮膜からなるカプセル皮膜と、前記カプセル皮膜内に封入され、土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体と、前記カプセル皮膜の表面に付着したタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体と、を含む酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［２］ 前記土壌くん蒸成分が、クロルピクリンおよび１，３−ジクロロプロペンから選ばれる少なくとも１種である前記［１］に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［３］ 前記タンパク質分解酵素が、枯草菌由来のプロテアーゼまたは麹菌由来のプロテアーゼである前記［１］または［２］に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［４］ 前記タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体は、少なくとも１種の鉱物質粉を含有する前記［１］〜［３］のいずれか１項に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［５］ 前記タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体の付着量が、酵素付着カプセル化農薬の重量に対して０．０１重量％〜０．５重量％である前記［１］〜［４］のいずれか１項に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［６］ 前記ゼラチンを含有する皮膜は、含水率が皮膜重量に対して３重量％〜１０重量％である前記［１］〜［５］のいずれか１項に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［７］ 前記土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体の封入量が、０．１ｍｌ〜３ｍｌである前記［１］〜［６］のいずれか１項に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［８］ ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に、土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体を、ロータリーダイ法によって封入してカプセルを形成する工程と、前記カプセルの皮膜表面に、タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体を付着する工程と、を含む酵素付着カプセル化農薬の製造方法によって製造された前記［１］〜［７］のいずれか１項に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。
［９］ 前記［１］〜［８］のいずれか１項に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬を、土壌表面に配置する工程、または土壌中に埋設する工程を含む土壌くん蒸方法。
[1] A capsule film composed of a film containing gelatin, a hydrophobic liquid encapsulated in the capsule film and containing a soil fumigation component, and a powder containing a proteolytic enzyme attached to the surface of the capsule film Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticides, including.
[2] The enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical according to [1], wherein the soil fumigation component is at least one selected from chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene.
[3] The enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical according to [1] or [2], wherein the proteolytic enzyme is a protease derived from Bacillus subtilis or a protease derived from Aspergillus.
[4] The enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the powder containing the proteolytic enzyme contains at least one mineral powder.
[5] Any of [1] to [4] above, wherein the amount of the powder containing the proteolytic enzyme is 0.01% to 0.5% by weight based on the weight of the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical. The enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide according to claim 1.
[6] The enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the gelatin-containing film has a moisture content of 3% to 10% by weight with respect to the film weight.
[7] The enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein an amount of the hydrophobic liquid containing the soil fumigation component is 0.1 ml to 3 ml.
[8] A step of forming a capsule by encapsulating a hydrophobic liquid containing a soil fumigation component in a gelatin-containing film by a rotary die method, and a powder containing a proteolytic enzyme on the surface of the capsule film The enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide according to any one of [1] to [7], which is produced by a method for producing an enzyme-attached encapsulated agrochemical comprising:
[9] A soil fumigation method including a step of placing the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical according to any one of [1] to [8] on a soil surface or a step of embedding in the soil.
本発明によれば、農薬使用者と土壌くん蒸成分の接触を避けることができ、放出期間を制御することが可能な酵素付着カプセル化農薬及びその使用方法を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the contact of an agricultural chemical user and a soil fumigation component can be avoided, and the enzyme adhesion encapsulation agricultural chemical which can control a discharge | release period, and its usage method can be provided.
［酵素付着カプセル化農薬］
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬はゼラチンを含有する皮膜に土壌くん蒸成分を封入したカプセル化製剤である。そのため、土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体を封入しているにもかかわらず、土壌くん蒸成分に対するバリアー性を有するゼラチンを含有する皮膜により、取り扱い性に優れた固形製剤として使用することが可能である。これにより農薬使用者と土壌くん蒸成分の接触を避けることができる。
[Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticides]
The enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention is an encapsulated preparation in which a soil fumigation component is enclosed in a film containing gelatin. Therefore, it is possible to use it as a solid preparation with excellent handleability due to the film containing gelatin that has a barrier property against soil fumigation components, despite the inclusion of hydrophobic liquid containing soil fumigation components. is there. This avoids contact between the pesticide user and the soil fumigation component.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬は、土壌の水分により、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜が膨潤し、また、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面に付着したタンパク質分解酵素により、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜が分解して、封入物の土壌くん蒸成分が放出され、生物効果を発揮すると推察される。皮膜に含有されるゼラチンは土壌中で極めて良好な生分解性を有しているため、土壌くん蒸成分が揮散もしくは分解により消失した後は、微生物によるゼラチンの分解が進行し、土壌蓄積、土壌残留などのリスクが低いばかりでなく、微生物による分解物は肥料としての効果も期待できる。 In the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention, the film containing gelatin swells due to the moisture of the soil, and the film containing gelatin is decomposed by the proteolytic enzyme attached to the surface of the film containing gelatin, It is presumed that the soil fumigation component of the inclusions is released and exerts a biological effect. Since gelatin contained in the film has extremely good biodegradability in the soil, after the soil fumigation component has disappeared due to volatilization or decomposition, the decomposition of gelatin by microorganisms proceeds, soil accumulation, soil residue In addition to the low risk such as, the degradation product by microorganisms can be expected to be effective as a fertilizer.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬に封入される土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体とは、例えば、液体の土壌くん蒸成分、液体または固体の土壌くん蒸成分を疎水性液体に溶解した溶液、液体の土壌くん蒸成分を、これと相溶しない疎水性液体に乳化した乳化液、および、固体の土壌くん蒸成分を、これを溶解しない疎水性液体に分散した分散液などのことをさす。 The hydrophobic liquid containing the soil fumigation component encapsulated in the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide of the present invention is, for example, a liquid soil fumigation component, a solution obtained by dissolving a liquid or solid soil fumigation component in a hydrophobic liquid, This refers to an emulsion obtained by emulsifying a soil fumigation component in a hydrophobic liquid that is not compatible with the soil fumigation component, a dispersion in which a solid soil fumigation component is dispersed in a hydrophobic liquid that does not dissolve the component.
前記土壌くん蒸成分としては、通常用いられる土壌くん蒸剤を特に制限なく用いることができる。中でも、土壌くん蒸効果の観点から、クロルピクリンおよび１，３−ジクロルプロペンから選ばれる少なくとも１種であることが好ましい。
さらに、土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体として、具体的には、クロルピクリン（化学名；トリクロロニトロメタン）、１，３−ジクロロプロペン（例えば、商品名；Ｄ−Ｄ）、クロルピクリンと１，３−ジクロロプロペンとの混合製剤（例えば、商品名；ソイリーン、三井化学アグロ（株）製）、クロルピクリンと灯油の混合製剤（例えば、商品名；ドロクロール、三井化学アグロ（株）製）、クロルピクリンとＤＣＩＰ〔化学名；ビス（２−クロロ−１−メチルエチル）エーテル〕混合製剤（例えば、商品名；ルーテクト油剤、（株）エス・ディー・エス バイオテック製）などを挙げることができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
As the soil fumigation component, a commonly used soil fumigant can be used without particular limitation. Among these, from the viewpoint of soil fumigation effect, at least one selected from chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene is preferable.
Further, as a hydrophobic liquid containing a soil fumigation component, specifically, chloropicrin (chemical name: trichloronitromethane), 1,3-dichloropropene (for example, trade name: DD), chloropicrin and 1,3- Mixed preparation with dichloropropene (for example, trade name: Soyline, Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.), mixed preparation of chlorpicrin and kerosene (for example, trade name: Droclor, Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.), chlorpicrin and DCIP [ Chemical name; bis (2-chloro-1-methylethyl) ether] mixed preparation (for example, trade name; Lutetto oil, manufactured by SDS Biotech Co., Ltd.) Is not to be done.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬におけるゼラチンを含有する皮膜に使用するゼラチンとしては、一般的なゼラチンカプセル化法（例えば、ロータリーダイ法、平板法、滴下法など）に使用可能なゼラチンであれば特に制限はない。具体的には例えば、牛骨、牛皮、豚骨、豚皮、他のほ乳類の骨、皮、更には魚などから酸処理、アルカリ処理または熱水処理などによって工業的に得られるものが挙げられる。また、これらのゼラチンを更に精製し、例えば、日本薬局方のゼラチンまたは精製ゼラチンの規格を満たすようにしたものでもよい。またさらに、ゼラチンの側鎖を例えば、コハク化、カルボキシメチル化、カルボキシエチル化、メチル化、ヒドロキシエチル化、アセチル化などの化学修飾した誘導体であってもよい。 The gelatin used in the film containing gelatin in the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide of the present invention can be any gelatin that can be used in general gelatin encapsulation methods (eg, rotary die method, plate method, dropping method, etc.). There is no particular limitation. Specifically, for example, those obtained industrially from cow bone, cow skin, pig bone, pig skin, other mammalian bones, skin, and fish by acid treatment, alkali treatment or hot water treatment, etc. . Further, these gelatins may be further purified so as to meet, for example, Japanese Pharmacopoeia gelatin or purified gelatin standards. Furthermore, the side chain of gelatin may be a derivative obtained by chemically modifying, for example, succination, carboxymethylation, carboxyethylation, methylation, hydroxyethylation, acetylation or the like.
これらゼラチンの中でも、牛骨、牛皮、豚骨、豚皮から工業的に得られるゼラチンが好ましく、牛骨のアルカリ処理または豚皮の酸処理により工業的に得られるゼラチンがより好ましいが、これらに限定されるものではない。 Among these gelatins, gelatin that is industrially obtained from cow bone, cow skin, pork bone, and pig skin is preferred, and gelatin that is industrially obtained by alkali treatment of cow bone or acid treatment of pig skin is more preferred. It is not limited.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬におけるゼラチンを含有する皮膜に使用するゼラチンのゼリー強度としては、一般的なゼラチンのゼリー強度が５０ｇ（ブルーム）〜３００ｇ（ブルーム）程度であり、８０ｇ（ブルーム）〜２５０ｇ（ブルーム）が好ましく、１００ｇ（ブルーム）〜２２０ｇ（ブルーム）がより好ましく、１２０ｇ（ブルーム）〜２００ｇ（ブルーム）が更に好ましい。８０ｇ（ブルーム）以上であることで、例えば、ロータリーダイ法において、ゼラチンを含有するシートの作成時にシート形成に要する時間を短縮することができ、製造効率が向上する。また、得られたカプセル化農薬の粒同士が付着しやすくなることを抑制することができる。一方、２５０ｇ（ブルーム）以下であることで、ゼラチンを含有するシートを調製するためのゼラチンを含有する溶液の粘度が高くなりすぎることを抑制し、該溶液のハンドリングが向上する。
また、本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬におけるゼラチンを含有する皮膜に使用するゼラチンは、１種類を単独で使用しても、複数種のゼラチンを併用[例えば、１２０ｇ（ブルーム）の牛骨ゼラチンと２００ｇ（ブルーム）の豚皮ゼラチンの併用など]してもよい。
尚、ゼラチンのゼリー強度はＪＩＳ Ｋ６５０３−１９９６に準拠して測定される。
As the gelatin jelly strength used for the gelatin-containing film in the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention, the general gelatin jelly strength is about 50 g (bloom) to 300 g (bloom), and 80 g (bloom) to 250 g (bloom) is preferable, 100 g (bloom) to 220 g (bloom) is more preferable, and 120 g (bloom) to 200 g (bloom) is still more preferable. By being 80 g (bloom) or more, for example, in the rotary die method, it is possible to reduce the time required to form a sheet when preparing a sheet containing gelatin, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved. Moreover, it can suppress that the particle | grains of the obtained encapsulated pesticide become easy to adhere. On the other hand, when it is 250 g (bloom) or less, the viscosity of the solution containing gelatin for preparing a sheet containing gelatin is suppressed from becoming too high, and the handling of the solution is improved.
In addition, the gelatin used for the film containing gelatin in the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with a plurality of types of gelatin [for example, 120 g (bloom) of bovine bone gelatin and 200 g (bloom) of pig skin gelatin may be used.
The jelly strength of gelatin is measured according to JIS K6503-1996.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬におけるゼラチンを含有する皮膜は、ゼラチン以外の成分として、カプセル皮膜に使用される公知の成分を適宜選択して含有することができる。例えば、カプセルの成形性、耐荷重性、熱安定性、光安定性、弾力性、水への溶解もしくは膨潤性、分解性、耐腐食性、付着防止などの各種効果を付与または調整する目的で、例えば、水、水溶性コラーゲン、デンプン、デンプンの誘導体、セルロース、デキストリン、カラギーナン、アラビアガム、グアーガム、ペクチン、オリゴ糖、グリセリン、Ｄ−ソルビトール、白糖、プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、有機酸（クエン酸、アスパラギン酸、コハク酸など）、植物油（大豆油、綿実油、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリドなど）、鉱物油（ミネラルオイル、流動パラフィンなど）、紫外線吸収剤、防腐剤、着色剤などを必要に応じ使用することができる。 The film containing gelatin in the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention can contain a known component used for the capsule film as a component other than gelatin as appropriate. For example, for the purpose of imparting or adjusting various effects such as capsule formability, load resistance, thermal stability, light stability, elasticity, solubility or swelling in water, decomposability, corrosion resistance, and adhesion prevention. For example, water, water-soluble collagen, starch, starch derivatives, cellulose, dextrin, carrageenan, gum arabic, guar gum, pectin, oligosaccharide, glycerin, D-sorbitol, sucrose, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, organic acid (Citric acid, aspartic acid, succinic acid, etc.), vegetable oil (soybean oil, cottonseed oil, medium chain fatty acid triglycerides, etc.), mineral oil (mineral oil, liquid paraffin, etc.), UV absorber, preservative, coloring agent, etc. are required Can be used according to.
本発明におけるゼラチンを含有する皮膜は、ゼラチンに加えて水を含有することが好ましい。水の含有量としてはゼラチンを含有する皮膜の全重量に対して例えば、３重量％〜１２重量％とすることができる。中でも皮膜の全重量に対して３重量％〜１０重量％の水を含有することが好ましく、４重量％〜８重量％の水を含有することがより好ましい。３重量％以上とすることで、乾燥工程の負荷を低減することができ、生産性が向上する。また１０重量％以下とすることで、ゼラチンおよび水以外の成分の含有量にもよるが、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜が柔らかくなることを抑制し、酵素付着カプセル化農薬のカプセル粒の形状が安定化する。また、長期間の保存（例えば、１年）もしくは加温状態で保存（例えば、５０℃）した場合における形状変化を抑制することができる。さらに保管中において、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面に付着したタンパク質分解酵素と皮膜中の水分との作用による皮膜の分解を抑制し、保管時における封入物の漏洩を抑制できる。 The film containing gelatin in the present invention preferably contains water in addition to gelatin. The water content can be, for example, 3% to 12% by weight with respect to the total weight of the film containing gelatin. Among them, it is preferable to contain 3% by weight to 10% by weight of water with respect to the total weight of the film, and it is more preferable to contain 4% by weight to 8% by weight of water. By setting it as 3 weight% or more, the load of a drying process can be reduced and productivity improves. Also, by making it 10% by weight or less, depending on the content of components other than gelatin and water, it suppresses the softening of the gelatin-containing film and stabilizes the shape of the capsule particles of the enzyme-attached pesticide. To do. Moreover, the shape change at the time of a long-term storage (for example, 1 year) or a warmed state (for example, 50 degreeC) can be suppressed. Further, during storage, degradation of the film due to the action of proteolytic enzymes adhering to the surface of the film containing gelatin and moisture in the film can be suppressed, and leakage of inclusions during storage can be suppressed.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬のゼラチンを含有する皮膜厚は乾燥状態（ゼラチンを含有する皮膜の水分率が８％程度）で０．１ｍｍ〜１ｍｍが好ましく、０．１５ｍｍ〜０．８ｍｍがより好ましい。
０．１ｍｍ以上とすることでカプセルの強度が向上し、取扱時に破損などの問題を生じることを抑制し、取り扱い性がより向上する。また１ｍｍ以下とすることで、取り扱い性と生産効率の向上とを両立することができる。さらに、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜厚を厚くするとカプセルは壊れにくくなるものの、製剤中に占めるゼラチンの含有量が増え、単位重量当りに占めるゼラチンの使用量が増加し、コストが上昇するため好ましくない場合がある。
The thickness of the film containing gelatin of the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention is preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, more preferably 0.15 mm to 0.8 mm in a dry state (the water content of the film containing gelatin is about 8%). preferable.
By setting the thickness to 0.1 mm or more, the strength of the capsule is improved, and problems such as breakage during handling are suppressed, and handling properties are further improved. Moreover, by making it 1 mm or less, it is possible to achieve both handleability and improvement in production efficiency. In addition, if the film thickness containing gelatin is increased, the capsule will be harder to break, but the gelatin content in the formulation will increase, the amount of gelatin used per unit weight will increase, and the cost will increase. There is.
本発明のゼラチンを含有する皮膜への土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体の封入量は、カプセルの製造方法に応じて適宜選択できる。例えば、ロータリーダイ法でカプセルを製造する場合、０．１ｍｌ〜１０ｍｌ程度の封入量とすることができるが、０．１ｍｌ〜３ｍｌが好ましい。０．１ｍｌ以上とすることでカプセルの強度を保つために酵素付着カプセル化農薬中のゼラチンを含有する皮膜使用割合が少なくなり、単位重量当りに占めるゼラチン使用割合が減り、所望の効果を得るための酵素付着カプセル化農薬の必要量を抑制することができる。また、コストの上昇も抑制できる。また、３ｍｌ以下とすることで、酵素付着カプセル化農薬の１粒あたりの大きさを抑制することができ、単位面積あたり一定重量を処理する場合における処理間隔が広がりすぎることを抑制し、土壌表面もしくは土壌中への土壌くん蒸成分の均一拡散がより容易になる。 The amount of the hydrophobic liquid containing the soil fumigation component contained in the gelatin-containing film of the present invention can be appropriately selected according to the capsule production method. For example, when a capsule is produced by a rotary die method, the amount of encapsulation can be set to about 0.1 ml to 10 ml, but 0.1 ml to 3 ml is preferable. In order to maintain the strength of the capsule by making it 0.1 ml or more, the ratio of the film containing gelatin in the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide decreases, the ratio of gelatin used per unit weight decreases, and the desired effect is obtained. The required amount of encapsulated pesticide with enzyme can be suppressed. Further, an increase in cost can be suppressed. Moreover, by making it 3 ml or less, it is possible to suppress the size per one particle of the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide, and to prevent the processing interval from being too wide when processing a constant weight per unit area, Alternatively, the uniform diffusion of the soil fumigation component into the soil becomes easier.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬の形状は特に限定されるものでなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。例えば、手撒き、動力散布機、手動散布機、または肥料散粒機で散布、施用しやすく、かつ保管及び輸送などで問題のないものであればよい。一般的にはフットボール型、球型、長楕円（オブロング）型、なみだ型、またはその変形体（例えば、カプセルの強度を増すために接合面積を広くした淵付きタイプ、および、残ネット量を軽減するように設計された六角形、四角形、または三角形の連続する金型で打ち抜いたネットレス型など）が挙げられる。中でも、フットボール型、球型、長楕円型、残ネット量を軽減するように設計された六角形、または四角形の連続する金型で打ち抜いたネットレス型が好ましいが、これらに限定されるものではない。
尚、残ネット量とは、例えば、ロータリーダイ法においてロール状の金型でゼラチンシートを打ち抜いた後のゼラチンシートの残った部分のことをさす。
The shape of the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, any material may be used as long as it is easy to spread and apply by hand, a power spreader, a manual spreader, or a fertilizer duster and has no problem in storage and transportation. Generally, football type, sphere type, oblong type, sleek type, or a variant thereof (for example, a hooked type with a wide joint area to increase the strength of the capsule, and the remaining net amount) Hexagonal, quadrangular, or triangular netless molds that are designed to alleviate the above). Among them, a football type, a sphere type, an ellipse type, a hexagonal shape designed to reduce the amount of remaining net, or a netless type punched with a continuous rectangular die is preferable, but it is not limited to these. Absent.
The residual net amount refers to, for example, the remaining portion of the gelatin sheet after the gelatin sheet is punched out with a roll die in the rotary die method.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬に使用するタンパク質分解酵素とは、プロテアーゼ類（ＥＣ３．４群）に属する酵素であれば特に制限はない。前記プロテアーゼ類としては、例えば、枯草菌由来のプロテアーゼ、麹菌由来のプロテアーゼ、黒麹菌由来のプロテアーゼ、高温細菌由来のプロテアーゼ、パパイン、トリプシン、キモトリプシンなど一般的なタンパク質分解酵素（プロテアーゼ）が挙げられる。中でも、枯草菌由来のプロテアーゼ、麹菌由来のプロテアーゼ、黒麹菌由来のプロテアーゼ、高温細菌由来のプロテアーゼが好ましく、枯草菌由来のプロテアーゼ、麹菌由来のプロテアーゼがより好ましい。
また、本発明においては１種類のプロテアーゼを用いても、複数種のプロテアーゼを併用（例えば、枯草菌由来プロテアーゼと麹菌由来プロテアーゼの併用など）してもよい。
The proteolytic enzyme used in the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an enzyme belonging to proteases (EC 3.4 group). Examples of the proteases include common proteases (proteases) such as protease derived from Bacillus subtilis, protease derived from Aspergillus oryzae, protease derived from Aspergillus niger, protease derived from high-temperature bacteria, papain, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and the like. Among them, a protease derived from Bacillus subtilis, a protease derived from Aspergillus, a protease derived from Aspergillus niger, and a protease derived from high-temperature bacteria are preferable, and a protease derived from Bacillus subtilis and a protease derived from Aspergillus are more preferable.
In the present invention, one type of protease may be used, or a plurality of types of protease may be used in combination (for example, a combination of Bacillus subtilis-derived protease and koji mold-derived protease).
さらに本発明におけるタンパク質分解酵素は、通常用いられる各種安定剤や増量剤等の助材の少なくとも１種を含んでいてもよい。助材としては例えば、硫酸カルシウム、塩化ナトリウム、デキストリン、乳糖、グアーガム、エチレングリコールなどを挙げることができる。本発明においては、これらの各種安定剤や増量剤等の助材を数％〜数十％含有する粉体、顆粒もしくは液体の市販酵素製剤を、タンパク質分解酵素として用いることもできる。 Furthermore, the proteolytic enzyme in the present invention may contain at least one kind of auxiliary agents such as various stabilizers and extenders that are usually used. Examples of the auxiliary material include calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, dextrin, lactose, guar gum, and ethylene glycol. In the present invention, a powder, granule or liquid commercially available enzyme preparation containing several to several tens of percent of auxiliary agents such as these various stabilizers and extenders can be used as a proteolytic enzyme.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬に使用するタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体とは、タンパク質分解酵素の少なくとも１種を数ｐｐｍ〜数十％（重量基準）含有する粉体であれば特に制限はない。例えば、液体の市販酵素製剤を鉱物質粉に含浸した粉体、粉体の市販酵素製剤、粉体の市販酵素製剤と鉱物質粉を混合した粉体、顆粒の市販酵素製剤を粉砕した粉体、顆粒の市販酵素製剤を粉砕した粉体と鉱物質粉を混合した粉体などが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明においては、タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体が、タンパク質分解酵素を０．１〜１００重量％含むことが好ましく、０．５〜５０重量％含むことがより好ましい。
The powder containing the proteolytic enzyme used in the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention is not particularly limited so long as it contains at least one kind of proteolytic enzyme of several ppm to several tens% (by weight). Absent. For example, powder obtained by impregnating mineral powder with a liquid commercial enzyme preparation, powdered enzyme preparation, powder obtained by mixing powdered commercial enzyme preparation and mineral powder, powder obtained by pulverizing granule commercial enzyme preparation Examples include, but are not limited to, powders obtained by pulverizing granular enzyme enzyme preparations and powders obtained by mixing mineral powders.
In this invention, it is preferable that the powder containing a proteolytic enzyme contains 0.1-100 weight% of proteolytic enzymes, and it is more preferable that it contains 0.5-50 weight%.
本発明におけるタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体は、カプセル表面へのタンパク質分解酵素の均一付着性の観点から、少なくとも１種の鉱物質粉を含むことが好ましい。前記鉱物質粉とは、農薬用キャリアとして一般的に使用される鉱石を原料とする担体または合成品のことを指す。鉱石を原料とする担体としては、例えば、タルク、クレー（ろう石クレー、カオリンクレー、珪石クレー）、炭酸カルシウム、珪藻土、ゼオライト、ベントナイト、酸性白土、活性白土、アタパルガスクレー、バーミキュライト、パーライト、軽石等を挙げることができる。また、合成品としては、例えば、ホワイトカーボン（親水性シリカ、疎水性シリカ、ケイ酸カルシウム）、酸化チタンなどが挙げられる。本発明においては、鉱物質粉として、タルク、カオリンクレー、ベントナイト、炭酸カルシウム、およびホワイトカーボンから選ばれる少なくとも１種を含むことが好ましく、タルク、およびホワイトカーボンの少なくとも１種を含むことがより好ましい。 The powder containing the proteolytic enzyme in the present invention preferably contains at least one mineral powder from the viewpoint of uniform adhesion of the proteolytic enzyme to the capsule surface. The mineral powder refers to a carrier or synthetic product made of ore generally used as a carrier for agricultural chemicals. As a carrier made of ore, for example, talc, clay (waxite clay, kaolin clay, silica clay), calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, bentonite, acidic clay, activated clay, attapulgus clay, vermiculite, pearlite, Pumice etc. can be mentioned. Examples of synthetic products include white carbon (hydrophilic silica, hydrophobic silica, calcium silicate), titanium oxide, and the like. In the present invention, the mineral powder preferably includes at least one selected from talc, kaolin clay, bentonite, calcium carbonate, and white carbon, and more preferably includes at least one of talc and white carbon. .
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬において、タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体の粒子径としては特に制限はない。例えば０．１μｍ〜５００μｍとすることができ、０．５μｍ〜３００μｍが好ましく、１μｍ〜１００μｍがより好ましい。粒子径を０．１μｍ以上とすることで粉体の舞い上がりを抑制し、取り扱い性が向上する。また、５００μｍ以下とすることでゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面へのタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体の付着性が向上する。 In the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention, the particle size of the powder containing the proteolytic enzyme is not particularly limited. For example, the thickness can be 0.1 μm to 500 μm, preferably 0.5 μm to 300 μm, and more preferably 1 μm to 100 μm. When the particle diameter is 0.1 μm or more, the powder rise is suppressed, and the handleability is improved. Moreover, the adhesiveness of the powder containing a proteolytic enzyme to the film surface containing gelatin improves by setting it as 500 micrometers or less.
本発明におけるタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体としては、枯草菌由来プロテアーゼ、麹菌由来プロテアーゼ、黒麹菌由来プロテアーゼ、および高温細菌由来のプロテアーゼから選ばれる少なくとも１種と、鉱物質粉の少なくとも１種とを含み、タンパク質分解酵素の含有率が０．１〜１００重量％であって、粉体の粒子径が０．５μｍ〜３００μｍであることが好ましい。
また、枯草菌由来プロテアーゼ、麹菌由来プロテアーゼ、黒麹菌由来プロテアーゼ、および高温細菌由来のプロテアーゼから選ばれる少なくとも１種と、タルク、カオリンクレー、ベントナイト、炭酸カルシウムおよびホワイトカーボンから選ばれる鉱物質粉の少なくとも１種とを含み、タンパク質分解酵素の含有率が０．５〜５０重量％であって、粉体の粒子径が０．５μｍ〜３００μｍであることがより好ましい。
さらに、枯草菌由来プロテアーゼおよび麹菌由来プロテアーゼから選ばれる少なくとも１種と、タルク、カオリンクレー、ベントナイト、炭酸カルシウムおよびホワイトカーボンから選ばれる鉱物質粉の少なくとも１種とを含み、タンパク質分解酵素の含有率が０．５〜５０重量％であって、粉体の粒子径が１μｍ〜１００μｍであることがさらに好ましい。
かかる態様のタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体であることで、取り扱い性がより向上し、封入された土壌くん蒸成分の放出期間の制御性がより向上する。
The powder containing the proteolytic enzyme in the present invention includes at least one selected from Bacillus subtilis-derived protease, Aspergillus-derived protease, Aspergillus niger-derived protease, and protease derived from high-temperature bacteria, and at least one mineral powder. The content of the proteolytic enzyme is preferably 0.1 to 100% by weight, and the particle diameter of the powder is preferably 0.5 μm to 300 μm.
And at least one selected from Bacillus subtilis-derived protease, Aspergillus-derived protease, Aspergillus niger-derived protease, and protease derived from high-temperature bacteria, and at least mineral powder selected from talc, kaolin clay, bentonite, calcium carbonate and white carbon More preferably, the content of the proteolytic enzyme is 0.5 to 50% by weight, and the particle diameter of the powder is 0.5 to 300 μm.
Furthermore, it contains at least one selected from Bacillus subtilis derived protease and Aspergillus derived protease and at least one mineral powder selected from talc, kaolin clay, bentonite, calcium carbonate and white carbon, and the content of proteolytic enzyme Is more preferably 0.5 to 50% by weight, and the particle diameter of the powder is more preferably 1 μm to 100 μm.
By using the powder containing the proteolytic enzyme of this aspect, the handleability is further improved, and the controllability of the release period of the encapsulated soil fumigation component is further improved.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬において、タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体のカプセル皮膜表面への付着量には特に制限はない。例えば所望の放出期間等に応じて適宜選択することができる。具体的には、酵素付着カプセル化農薬の全重量に対して、０．００１重量％〜０．５重量％であることが好ましく、０．００５重量％〜０．３重量％であることがより好ましい。付着量が０．００１重量％以上であることで均一付着性が向上する。また０．５重量％以下であることで付着したタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体の剥離による舞い上がりが抑制できる。 In the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention, the amount of the powder containing the proteolytic enzyme attached to the capsule film surface is not particularly limited. For example, it can be appropriately selected according to a desired release period. Specifically, it is preferably 0.001% to 0.5% by weight, more preferably 0.005% to 0.3% by weight, based on the total weight of the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide. preferable. Uniform adhesion is improved when the adhesion amount is 0.001% by weight or more. Further, when the content is 0.5% by weight or less, it is possible to suppress the rising due to the peeling of the powder containing the proteolytic enzyme attached.
［酵素付着カプセル化農薬の製造方法］
本発明の酵素付着カプセル農薬の製造方法としては、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体を封入してカプセルを得る工程と、前記カプセルを構成する皮膜表面に、タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体を付着させる工程とを含む製造方法であることが好ましい。
かかる製造方法であることで、加熱処理による封入物または酵素への影響を低減することができ、また、製造工程が煩雑になることを避けることができる。
[Production method of encapsulated pesticide with enzyme]
The method for producing an enzyme-attached capsule pesticide of the present invention includes a step of obtaining a capsule by encapsulating a hydrophobic liquid containing a soil fumigation component in a gelatin-containing film, and a proteolytic enzyme on the surface of the film constituting the capsule. It is preferable that it is a manufacturing method including the process of attaching the powder containing this.
By being such a production method, the influence on the inclusions or the enzyme due to the heat treatment can be reduced, and the production process can be prevented from becoming complicated.
前記カプセル化する工程としては、ロータリーダイ法（スタンピング法）、平板法、滴下法などの一般的なカプセル化法が挙げられる。生産性およびカプセル粒の形状自由度が高いなどの観点から、ロータリーダイ法（スタンピング法）が好ましいが、これに限定されるものではない。
本発明でいうロータリーダイ法（スタンピング法）とは、２本のダイロール（ロール状の金型）間に２枚のゼラチンを含有するシートを通し、ダイロール（ロール状の金型）でカプセル形状に打ち抜く方法であり、切断、圧着、溶着および封入物充填を同時に行うカプセル化方法をいう。
また平板法とはスタンピング法で用いる金型がロール状ではなく平板の金型を使用する方法である。また、滴下法とは多重ノズルの内側ノズルからカプセル封入液を、外側ノズルからカプセル皮膜液を一定速度で流し、この多層液を一定間隔で切断し、液滴とした後、外側の皮膜層をゲル化（固化）させるカプセル化法である。
Examples of the encapsulation step include general encapsulation methods such as a rotary die method (stamping method), a flat plate method, and a dropping method. The rotary die method (stamping method) is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity and high shape freedom of capsule grains, but is not limited thereto.
In the present invention, the rotary die method (stamping method) means that a sheet containing two gelatins is passed between two die rolls (roll-shaped molds) and is formed into a capsule shape by the die roll (roll-shaped molds). This is a method of punching, which is an encapsulation method in which cutting, pressure bonding, welding, and filling of an inclusion are performed simultaneously.
The flat plate method is a method in which the mold used in the stamping method is not a roll but a flat mold. In addition, the dripping method means that the encapsulated liquid is flown from the inner nozzle of the multi-nozzle and the capsule film liquid is flowed from the outer nozzle at a constant speed, and this multilayer liquid is cut at regular intervals to form droplets, and then the outer film layer is formed. This is an encapsulation method in which gelation (solidification) occurs.
前記カプセルを構成するゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面に酵素を含有する粉体を付着させる方法としては、カプセル粒子表面に粉体を付着させることが可能な方法であれば特に制限はない。例えば、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜を有するカプセル化農薬と酵素を含有する粉体とを、例えば、袋もしくはフラスコなどの容器に充填し、該容器を振蕩することにより付着させるなどの容器混合による方法、パン型などの転動回転機器内に充填し、回転させて付着させる方法、攪拌羽を備えた容器内に充填し、攪拌羽を回転させて混合付着させる方法などが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
また、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面に酵素を含有する粉体を付着させる際に、付着性を向上させるためにゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面に疎水性液体を付着させた後に、酵素を含有する粉体を付着させてもよい。この場合の疎水性液体としては、常温常圧で不揮発性もしくは揮発しにくい疎水性液体が好ましく、例えば、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド、大豆油、菜種油、流動パラフィン、ミネラルオイル、その他半合成オイルや合成オイルなどが挙げられる。
The method for attaching the enzyme-containing powder to the surface of the film containing gelatin constituting the capsule is not particularly limited as long as the powder can be attached to the capsule particle surface. For example, a method by mixing a container such as filling an encapsulated agricultural chemical having a film containing gelatin and a powder containing an enzyme into a container such as a bag or a flask, and attaching the container by shaking the container, Examples include, but are not limited to, a method of filling in a rotating rotating device such as a bread mold and rotating and adhering, a method of filling in a container equipped with a stirring blade, and rotating and mixing the stirring blade to adhere and adhere. Is not to be done.
In addition, when an enzyme-containing powder is adhered to the gelatin-containing film surface, a hydrophobic liquid is adhered to the gelatin-containing film surface in order to improve adhesion, and then the enzyme-containing powder. May be attached. In this case, the hydrophobic liquid is preferably a non-volatile or non-volatile hydrophobic liquid at normal temperature and pressure, such as medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, liquid paraffin, mineral oil, other semi-synthetic oils and synthetic oils. Etc.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬の保管に関しては高温、高湿度を避けて、防湿素材の包装中で冷暗所にて保存することが望ましい。 Regarding the storage of the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention, it is desirable to store it in a cool and dark place in a package of moisture-proof material while avoiding high temperature and high humidity.
［土壌くん蒸方法］
本発明の土壌くん蒸方法は、本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬を、土壌表面に配置する工程、または土壌中に埋設する工程を含むものである。
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬を土壌表面に配置、または土壌中に埋設する施用方法としては、一般的な農薬粒剤と同様の方法で散布・施用できる。例えば、畑に処理する場合では、手撒き、動力散布機、手動散布機、肥料散粒機などで土壌表面に均一に散布する方法、土壌表面に均一に散布後トラクター、管理機、鍬などで土壌混和する方法、苗植え付け個所に溝を堀り、該溝に酵素付着カプセル化農薬を施用後覆土する方法、苗植え付け個所に穴を堀り、該穴に酵素付着カプセル化農薬を施用後覆土する方法などが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬を薬剤処理した後は、通常の土壌消毒剤と同様に、安全性ならびに土壌くん蒸効果を高めるために、ガスバリアー性フィルムで土壌表面を被覆することが好ましい。
[Soil fumigation method]
The soil fumigation method of the present invention includes a step of placing the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention on the soil surface or a step of embedding it in the soil.
As an application method in which the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide of the present invention is arranged on the soil surface or embedded in the soil, it can be sprayed and applied in the same manner as general pesticide granules. For example, in the case of processing in the field, a method that spreads evenly on the soil surface by hand, power spreader, manual spreader, fertilizer duster, etc. Method of mixing soil, digging a groove at the seedling planting area, applying soil with enzyme-encapsulated encapsulated pesticide in the groove, drilling a hole at the seedling planting site, applying enzyme-encapsulated encapsulated pesticide to the hole and covering with soil However, it is not limited to these.
After chemical treatment of the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention, it is preferable to cover the soil surface with a gas barrier film in order to enhance safety and soil fumigation effect, as in the case of ordinary soil disinfectants.
従来、土壌くん蒸剤（特にクロルピクリン）は刺激性があるため、固形肥料、殺虫剤、殺菌剤、または除草剤等の他の固形製剤と土壌くん蒸剤を同時に処理することはあまり行われていない。本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬は散布・施用前には、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜のガスバリアー性により土壌くん蒸成分の放出が極端に抑制されている製剤であるため、前記他の固形製剤と同時に処理することができる。酵素付着カプセル化農薬を土壌表面に散布した後、前記他の固形製剤を散布し、土壌混和してもよく、前記他の固形製剤を散布した後、酵素付着カプセル化農薬を散布し、土壌混和してもよい。あるいは、酵素付着カプセル化農薬と前記他の固形製剤を予め混合して、混合剤として散布後土壌混和してもよい。 Conventionally, soil fumigants (especially chlorpicrin) are irritating, so it is not often done simultaneously with other solid preparations such as solid fertilizers, insecticides, fungicides or herbicides and soil fumigants. Since the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention is a preparation in which the release of soil fumigation components is extremely suppressed by the gas barrier property of the gelatin-containing film before spraying and application, Can be processed. After the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide is sprayed on the soil surface, the other solid preparation may be sprayed and mixed with the soil. After the other solid preparation is sprayed, the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide is sprayed and mixed with the soil. May be. Alternatively, the enzyme-adhered encapsulated agricultural chemical and the other solid preparation may be mixed in advance, and mixed with the soil after spraying as a mixture.
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。尚、特に断りのない限り、「部」及び「％」は重量基準である。 EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Unless otherwise specified, “part” and “%” are based on weight.
（実施例１）
［酵素付着カプセル化農薬１の調製］
−カプセル化農薬の調製−
ロータリーダイ法（スタンピング法）にて、下記構成のカプセル化農薬Ａを得た。
皮膜組成：１５０ブルーム牛骨ゼラチン１００部、グリセリン３８部、水８．８部（皮膜水分６％）
皮膜厚 ： ０．３ｍｍ（平均値）
形状 ： ネットレス（四角形）型
封入液 ：クロルピクリン
封入液量：０．５ｍｌ
Example 1
[Preparation of encapsulated pesticide 1 with enzyme]
-Preparation of encapsulated pesticides-
Encapsulated pesticide A having the following constitution was obtained by a rotary die method (stamping method).
Film composition: 150 Bloom beef bone gelatin 100 parts, glycerin 38 parts, water 8.8 parts (film moisture 6%)
Film thickness: 0.3 mm (average value)
Shape: Netless (Rectangle) Filling liquid: Chlorpicrin Filling liquid volume: 0.5ml
−酵素含有粉体の調製−
下記組成比となるように、酵素（製剤）および鉱物質粉をガラス製容器に量りこみ、容器を振って酵素含有粉体ａを調製した。
酵素製剤 ：ヌクレイシン（ＨＢＩ社製、枯草菌由来のプロテアーゼ３％、硫酸カルシウム３０％、塩化ナトリウム６７％含有酵素製剤）
酵素製剤量：２５部
鉱物質粉 ：Ｓタルク（日本滑石製錬株式会社製）
鉱物質粉量：７５部
-Preparation of enzyme-containing powder-
Enzyme (formulation) and mineral powder were weighed into a glass container so as to have the following composition ratio, and the container was shaken to prepare enzyme-containing powder a.
Enzyme preparation: Nucleicin (manufactured by HBI, enzyme preparation containing 3% protease derived from Bacillus subtilis, 30% calcium sulfate, 67% sodium chloride)
Enzyme preparation amount: 25 parts Mineral powder: S talc (Nippon Taishi Smelting Co., Ltd.)
Mineral powder: 75 parts
−酵素付着カプセル化農薬の調製−
上記で得られたカプセル化農薬Ａ １００部、および、酵素含有粉体ａ ０．２部をガラス製容器に量りこみ、容器を１０分間、上下反転を繰り返して、カプセル化農薬Ａの表面に酵素含有粉体ａを付着させ、本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を調製した。
-Preparation of encapsulated pesticides with enzyme-
100 parts of the encapsulated pesticide A obtained above and 0.2 part of the enzyme-containing powder a are weighed into a glass container, and the container is inverted upside down for 10 minutes, so that the enzyme is encapsulated on the surface of the encapsulated pesticide A. The contained powder a was adhered to prepare the enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical 1 of the present invention.
（実施例２〜１０）
−カプセル化農薬の調製−
実施例１におけるカプセル化農薬の調製において、カプセル化農薬の構成を表１に示した構成に変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして、カプセル化農薬Ｂ〜Ｆをそれぞれ調製した。
(Examples 2 to 10)
-Preparation of encapsulated pesticides-
Encapsulated pesticides B to F were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the encapsulated pesticide was changed to the configuration shown in Table 1 in the preparation of the encapsulated pesticide in Example 1.
表１中、三井ソイリーン（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）は、クロルピクリン４１．５％、１，３−ジクロロプロペン５４．５％を含有する混合製剤である。また、ドロクロール（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）は、クロルピクリン８０％を含有する灯油希釈製剤である。 In Table 1, Mitsui Soyleen (Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) is a mixed preparation containing 41.5% chloropicrin and 54.5% 1,3-dichloropropene. In addition, Droclor (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) is a kerosene diluted preparation containing 80% chlorpicrin.
−酵素含有粉体の調製−
実施例１における酵素含有粉体の調製において、酵素製剤として表２に示した酵素製剤を用い、表３に示した組成比となるようにしたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、酵素含有粉体ａ〜ｆをそれぞれ調製した。
-Preparation of enzyme-containing powder-
In preparation of the enzyme-containing powder in Example 1, the enzyme preparation shown in Table 2 was used as the enzyme preparation, and the enzyme-containing powder was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition ratio shown in Table 3 was obtained. Powders a to f were respectively prepared.
表３中、Ｓタルクは、タルク（日本滑石製錬株式会社製）であり、カオリンクレーは、カオリン（関東化学株式会社製の試薬）であり、ベントナイトは、豊順穂高ベントナイト（株式会社ホージュン製）であり、炭酸カルシウムは、ＮＳ＃３０００（日東粉化工業株式会社製）である。 In Table 3, S talc is talc (manufactured by Nippon Taishi Smelting Co., Ltd.), kaolin clay is kaolin (reagent manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), and bentonite is Toyoshunho Takaben bentonite (manufactured by Hojun Co., Ltd.). ) And calcium carbonate is NS # 3000 (manufactured by Nitto Flour Chemical Co., Ltd.).
−酵素付着カプセル化農薬の調製−
実施例１における酵素付着カプセル化農薬の調製において、表４に示した構成となるように、上記で得られたカプセル化農薬Ｂ〜Ｆ、および酵素含有粉体ａ〜ｆを用いたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、酵素付着カプセル化農薬２〜１２を調製した。
-Preparation of encapsulated pesticides with enzyme-
In preparation of the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide in Example 1, except that the encapsulated pesticides B to F obtained above and the enzyme-containing powders a to f were used so as to have the configuration shown in Table 4. In the same manner as in Example 1, enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticides 2 to 12 were prepared.
（比較例１）
実施例１におけるカプセル化農薬の調製と同様にして、カプセル化農薬Ａを調製し、これを酵素未付着カプセル化農薬とした。
(Comparative Example 1)
Encapsulated pesticide A was prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of the encapsulated pesticide in Example 1, and this was used as the enzyme-unencapsulated encapsulated pesticide.
［試験例１］
トマト萎凋病菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍ ｆ．ｓｐ．ｌｙｃｏｐｅｒｓｉｃｉ）で汚染された畑地から採取した土壌を、金属篩（メッシュ６：３.３６ｍｍ）を通したものを供試土壌とし、１/２，０００アールのポットに深さ１５ｃｍの部位まで入れた。そこに実施例1記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬１、実施例５記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬５、実施例６記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬６および比較例１記載の酵素未付着カプセル化農薬を封入液量として３０Ｌ／１０アール相当量の製剤をポット中央に施用した後、表面が供試土壌で覆われるまで入れた後、ポリエチレンフィルム（０．０３ｍｍ）で被覆した。
また対照においては、ポットの表面が供試土壌で覆われるまで入れ、ポット中央かつ深さ１５ｃｍ部位に３０Ｌ／１０アール相当量の三井東圧クロールピクリン剤（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）を注入処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルム（０．０３ｍｍ）で被覆した。
薬剤処理後、ポットを２３℃に制御した温室内に、被覆期間が１週間、３週間、５週間となるようにそれぞれ置いた後、ポリエチレンフィルムを除去した。ポット内の土壌を金属篩（メッシュ６：３.３６ｍｍ）にて通した後、金属篩に残った物も一緒に再度ポット内に入れた。以上のようにして薬剤処理した供試土壌の入ったポットを被覆期間毎に各１０個、合計３０個用意した。
用意したポットの中央部に２葉期のトマト（品種：桃太郎）を１本移植した。また、移植したトマトの周囲にキュウリの種子（品種：相模半白）を５粒播種した。
播種１４日後にキュウリの発芽数（発芽総数）を調査した。また、移植４５日後にトマトの地際部を切断し、導管褐変の有無を調査し、発病株数から防除価を算出した。結果を表５に示した。
−防除価の算出方法−
防除価＝（無処理の発病株数−薬剤処理区の発病株数）÷（無処理の発病株数）×１００
[Test Example 1]
A soil sampled from a field contaminated with Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Lycopersici through a metal sieve (mesh 6: 3.36 mm) was used as a test soil. The pot was placed up to a depth of 15 cm. Enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 1 described in Example 1, enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 5 described in Example 5, enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 6 described in Example 6, and enzyme-unencapsulated encapsulated pesticide described in Comparative Example 1 After applying a formulation corresponding to 30 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid in the center of the pot, it was added until the surface was covered with the test soil, and then covered with a polyethylene film (0.03 mm).
Also, in the control, put the pot surface until it is covered with the test soil, and inject the Mitsui Toatsu chlorpicrin (Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) equivalent to 30L / 10 are in the center of the pot and at a depth of 15cm. Then, it was covered with a polyethylene film (0.03 mm).
After the chemical treatment, the pot was placed in a greenhouse controlled at 23 ° C. so that the coating period was 1 week, 3 weeks, and 5 weeks, respectively, and then the polyethylene film was removed. The soil in the pot was passed through a metal sieve (mesh 6: 3.36 mm), and the material remaining on the metal sieve was again put into the pot together. Ten pots each containing the test soil treated with the chemical as described above were prepared for each covering period, for a total of 30 pots.
One tomato (variety: Momotaro) in the second leaf stage was transplanted in the center of the prepared pot. In addition, 5 seeds of cucumber seeds (variety: Sagamihanjiro) were sown around the transplanted tomatoes.
The number of germinated cucumbers (total number of germination) was investigated 14 days after sowing. Further, the ground part of tomato was cut 45 days after transplantation, the presence or absence of conduit browning was investigated, and the control value was calculated from the number of diseased strains. The results are shown in Table 5.
-Calculation method of control value-
Control value = (number of diseased strains not treated-number of diseased strains in the drug treatment area) / (number of diseased strains not treated) x 100
被覆期間が１週間では、酵素付着カプセル化農薬５のキュウリ発芽数は無処理と同等、トマト萎凋病に対する防除効果は対照と同等であった。一方、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１、酵素付着カプセル化農薬６および比較例１記載の酵素未付着カプセル化農薬は、薬害のためにキュウリは発芽せず、トマトも枯死した。
被覆期間３週間では、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１および酵素付着カプセル化農薬５のキュウリ発芽数は無処理と同等、トマト萎凋病に対する防除効果は対照と同等であった。一方、酵素付着カプセル化農薬６および比較例１記載の酵素未付着カプセル化農薬は、薬害のためにキュウリは発芽せず、トマトも枯死した。
被覆期間５週間では、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１、酵素付着カプセル化農薬５および酵素付着カプセル化農薬６のキュウリ発芽数は無処理と同等、トマト萎凋病に対する防除効果は対照と同等であった。一方、比較例１記載の酵素未付着カプセル化農薬は、薬害のためにキュウリは発芽せず、トマトも枯死した。
以上の結果から、酵素付着量を調整することで薬剤の放出性を１週間〜５週間で制御できることが明らかとなった。
When the coating period was 1 week, the number of cucumber germinations of the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 5 was the same as that of no treatment, and the control effect against tomato wilt disease was equivalent to that of the control. On the other hand, the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1, the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 6 and the enzyme-unattached encapsulated pesticide described in Comparative Example 1 did not germinate cucumber and the tomatoes died due to chemical damage.
In the coating period of 3 weeks, the number of germinated cucumbers of enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1 and enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 5 was equivalent to that of no treatment, and the control effect on tomato wilt disease was equivalent to that of the control. On the other hand, the enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 6 and the enzyme-unencapsulated pesticide described in Comparative Example 1 did not germinate cucumber and the tomatoes died due to chemical damage.
In the coating period of 5 weeks, the number of germinated cucumbers of enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1, enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 5 and enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 6 was equivalent to that of no treatment, and the control effect on tomato wilt disease was equivalent to that of the control. On the other hand, in the non-enzyme-encapsulated pesticide described in Comparative Example 1, cucumber did not germinate due to chemical damage, and tomatoes died.
From the above results, it became clear that the drug release can be controlled in 1 to 5 weeks by adjusting the enzyme adhesion amount.
［試験例２］
予めトマト萎凋病菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍ ｆ．ｓｐ．ｌｙｃｏｐｅｒｓｉｃｉ）で汚染された畑地を耕起し、各区０．０９アール（１．８ｍ×５ｍ）に区割りを行い、そこに実施例1記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように土壌表面に散布後、ポリエチレンフィルム（０．０３ｍｍ）で被覆した。
また別の区に上記と同様にして、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を土壌表面に散布後、小型管理機で深さ１５ｃｍ程度混和した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
またそれぞれ別の区に、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように６０または９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に均一に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
また対照として、クロピクテープ剤（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）をクロルピクリン液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
薬剤処理３週間後にポリエチレンフィルムを取り除き、３葉期のトマト（品種：桃太郎）を移植した。移植６０日後にトマトの地際部を切断し、下記評価基準に従い０〜３の４段階で導管褐変を調査し、発病指数から発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表６に示した。尚、発病度の算出式における程度別発病株数は、発病指数に対応する発病状態を示した株数を意味する。
[Test Example 2]
Cultivated fields previously contaminated with Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Lycopersici and divided into 0.09 ares (1.8 m × 5 m), and the enzyme-attached capsule described in Example 1 The chemical pesticide 1 was sprayed on the soil surface as an encapsulated liquid amount so as to be equivalent to 17 L / 10 are and then covered with a polyethylene film (0.03 mm).
Further, in the same manner as described above, the enzyme-adhered encapsulated agricultural chemical 1 was sprayed on the soil surface in another section, mixed with a small management machine by a depth of about 15 cm, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
In addition, each of the encapsulated pesticides 1 with an enzyme-attached solution was embedded in a 15 cm depth portion at 60 or 90 cm intervals so that the amount of the encapsulated liquid was 17 L / 10 are equivalent, and then covered with a polyethylene film. did.
In addition, as a control, clopic tape (Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) was embedded in 15 cm deep portions at 90 cm intervals so as to be equivalent to 17 L / 10 are as the amount of chloropicrin solution, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
Three weeks after the drug treatment, the polyethylene film was removed, and a three-leaf stage tomato (variety: Momotaro) was transplanted. 60 days after transplanting, the border part of the tomato was cut, and the browning of the conduit was investigated in 4 stages from 0 to 3 according to the following evaluation criteria, and the disease severity and the control value were calculated from the disease index. The results are shown in Table 6. In addition, the number of disease-causing strains according to the degree in the expression formula for disease severity means the number of strains showing the disease-causing state corresponding to the disease index.
〜評価基準〜
発病指数０：導管褐変なし。
発病指数１：導管褐変１／４未満。
発病指数２：導管褐変１／４以上１／２未満。
発病指数３：導管褐変１／２以上１／２未満。
~Evaluation criteria~
Disease index 0: No conduit browning.
Disease index 1: Less than 1/4 of the browning of the conduit.
Disease index 2: Conduit browning 1/4 or more and less than 1/2.
Disease index 3: conduit browning 1/2 or more and less than 1/2.
発病度の算出方法
発病度＝Σ（程度別発病株数×発病指数）÷（調査株数×３）×１００
防除価の算出方法
防除価＝（無処理の発病度−薬剤処理区の発病度）÷（無処理の発病度）×１００
Method of calculating disease severity Disease severity = Σ (number of disease strains by degree × morbidity index) ÷ (number of strains studied × 3) × 100
Control Value Calculation Method Control Value = (Untreated Disease Level−Disease Level in Drug Treatment Zone) ÷ (Untreated Disease Level) × 100
酵素付着カプセル化農薬１は、トマト萎凋病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 1 has an excellent control effect on tomato wilt disease, equivalent to soil surface treatment of soil surface treatment, soil surface treatment, 60cm and 90cm soil embedding treatment, and cropic tape soil embedding treatment (90cm interval). Indicated.
［試験例３］
試験例２において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬２を用い、処理量を封入液量として２０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例２と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表７に示した。
[Test Example 3]
In Test Example 2, instead of enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 1, enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 2 was used, and the treatment amount was changed to 20 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. The degree and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 7.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬２は、トマト萎凋病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 2 has the same excellent control effect against tomato wilt disease as soil surface treatment, admixture after soil surface treatment, and 60cm and 90cm soil embedding treatment, equivalent to soil embedding treatment (interval of 90cm) of kuropic tape. Indicated.
［試験例４］
試験例２において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬３を用いたこと以外は試験例２と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表８に示した。
[Test Example 4]
In Test Example 2, the disease severity and the control value were calculated in the same manner as in Test Example 2, except that enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 3 was used instead of enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1. The results are shown in Table 8.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬３は、トマト萎凋病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 3 has an excellent control effect on tomato wilt disease, equivalent to soil surface treatment of soil surface treatment, soil surface treatment, 60cm and 90cm soil embedding treatment, and cropic tape soil embedding treatment (90cm interval). Indicated.
［試験例５］
予めキュウリつる割病菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍ ｆ．ｓｐ．ｃｕｃｕｍｅｒｉｎｕｍ）で汚染された畑地を耕起し、各区０．０９アール（１．８ｍ×５ｍ）に区割りを行い、そこに実施例４記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬４を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように土壌表面に散布後、ポリエチレンフィルム（０．０３ｍｍ）で被覆した。
また別の区に上記と同様にして、酵素付着カプセル化農薬４を土壌表面に散布後、小型管理機で深さ１５ｃｍ程度混和した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
またそれぞれ別の区に、酵素付着カプセル化農薬４を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように６０または９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に均一に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
また対照として、クロピクテープ剤（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）をクロルピクリン液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
薬剤処理３週間後にポリエチレンフィルムを取り除き、２葉期のキュウリ（品種：相模半白）を移植し、移植６０日後にキュウリの地際部を切断し、下記評価基準に従い０〜３の４段階で導管褐変を調査し、発病指数から発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表９に示した。
[Test Example 5]
Cultivate a field previously contaminated with Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Cucumerinum and divide it into 0.09 ares (1.8 m × 5 m), and attach the enzyme described in Example 4 thereto. The encapsulated pesticide 4 was sprayed on the soil surface so as to be equivalent to 17 L / 10 are as the amount of the encapsulated liquid, and then covered with a polyethylene film (0.03 mm).
In the same manner as described above, the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 4 was sprayed on the soil surface in another section, mixed with a small management machine by a depth of about 15 cm, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
In addition, each of the encapsulated pesticides 4 encapsulated with enzyme was encapsulated uniformly at 15 cm depth at 60 or 90 cm intervals so that the amount of the encapsulated liquid was 17 L / 10 are equivalent, and then covered with a polyethylene film. did.
In addition, as a control, clopic tape (Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) was embedded in 15 cm deep portions at 90 cm intervals so as to be equivalent to 17 L / 10 are as the amount of chloropicrin solution, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
After 3 weeks of drug treatment, the polyethylene film is removed, a 2 leaf stage cucumber (variety: Sagamihanjiro) is transplanted, and 60 days after transplanting, the cucumber is cut off at the ground, and is divided into 4 stages from 0 to 3 according to the following evaluation criteria. Pipe browning was investigated, and the disease severity and control value were calculated from the disease index. The results are shown in Table 9.
〜評価基準〜
発病指数０：導管褐変なし。
発病指数１：導管褐変１／４未満。
発病指数２：導管褐変１／４以上１／２未満。
発病指数３：導管褐変１／２以上１／２未満。
~Evaluation criteria~
Disease index 0: No conduit browning.
Disease index 1: Less than 1/4 of the browning of the conduit.
Disease index 2: Conduit browning 1/4 or more and less than 1/2.
Disease index 3: conduit browning 1/2 or more and less than 1/2.
発病度の算出方法
発病度＝Σ（程度別発病株数×発病指数）÷（調査株数×３）×１００
防除価の算出方法
防除価＝（無処理の発病度−薬剤処理区の発病度）÷（無処理の発病度）×１００
Method of calculating disease severity Disease severity = Σ (number of disease strains by degree × morbidity index) ÷ (number of strains studied × 3) × 100
Control Value Calculation Method Control Value = (Untreated Disease Level−Disease Level in Drug Treatment Zone) ÷ (Untreated Disease Level) × 100
酵素付着カプセル化農薬４は、キュウリつる割病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 4 has excellent control effects on cucumber vine split disease, equivalent to soil surface treatment with cropic tape by soil surface treatment, admixture after soil surface treatment, and 60 cm and 90 cm soil embedding treatment. showed that.
［試験例６］
試験例５において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬４の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬５を用い、処理量を封入液量として２０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例５と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１０に示した。
[Test Example 6]
In Test Example 5, instead of enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 4, enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 5 was used, and the treatment amount was changed to 20 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. The degree and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 10.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬５は、キュウリつる割病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 5 has excellent control effect on cucumber vine split disease, equivalent to soil surface treatment of cropic tape by soil surface treatment, admixture after soil surface treatment, 60 cm and 90 cm soil embedding treatment (90 cm interval) showed that.
［試験例７］
試験例５において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬４の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬６を用い、処理量を封入液量として２０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例５と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１１に示した。
[Test Example 7]
In Test Example 5, instead of the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 4, enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 6 was used, and the treatment amount was changed to 20 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. The degree and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 11.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬６は、キュウリつる割病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-encapsulated pesticide 6 has excellent control effects on cucumber vine split disease, equivalent to soil surface treatment of soil surface treatment, admixture after soil surface treatment, soil embedding treatment of 60 cm and 90 cm (90 cm interval) showed that.
［試験例８］
予めホウレンソウ萎凋病菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍ ｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍ ｆ．ｓｐ．ｓｐｉｎａｃｉａｅ）で汚染された畑地を耕起し、各区０．０２７アール（０．９ｍ×３ｍ）に区割りを行い、そこに実施例７記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬７を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように土壌表面に散布後、ポリエチレンフィルム（０．０３ｍｍ）で被覆した。
また別の区に上記と同様にして、酵素付着カプセル化農薬７を土壌表面に散布後、小型管理機で深さ１５ｃｍ程度混和した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
またそれぞれ別の区に、酵素付着カプセル化農薬７を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように６０または９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に均一に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
また対照として、クロピクテープ剤（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）をクロルピクリン液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
薬剤処理３週間後にポリエチレンフィルムを取り除き、ホウレンソウ種子（品種：プリウス）を播種し、播種４５日後にホウレンソウ萎凋病の発病の有無を以下評価基準に従って調査し、発病指数から発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１２に示した。
[Test Example 8]
Cultivated fields previously contaminated with Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Spinaciae, divided into sections of 0.027 are (0.9 m × 3 m), and the enzyme-attached capsule described in Example 7 The chemical pesticide 7 was sprayed on the soil surface as an encapsulated liquid amount so as to be equivalent to 17 L / 10 are and then covered with a polyethylene film (0.03 mm).
In the same manner as described above, the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 7 was sprayed on the soil surface in another section, mixed with a small management machine by a depth of about 15 cm, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
In addition, each of the encapsulated pesticides 7 encapsulated with enzyme is encapsulated uniformly in 15 cm depth parts at intervals of 60 or 90 cm so that the amount of the encapsulated liquid is 17 L / 10 are equivalent, and then covered with a polyethylene film. did.
In addition, as a control, clopic tape (Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) was embedded in 15 cm deep portions at 90 cm intervals so as to be equivalent to 17 L / 10 are as the amount of chloropicrin solution, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
After 3 weeks of drug treatment, the polyethylene film was removed, seeded with spinach seeds (variety: Prius), 45 days after sowing, the presence or absence of spinach wilt disease was investigated according to the following evaluation criteria, and the disease severity and control value were calculated from the disease index. did. The results are shown in Table 12.
〜評価基準〜
発病指数０：無病徴
発病指数１：地上部にしおれが見られないが根または地際部の維管束に褐変がある
発病指数２：下葉の１〜２枚にしおれがある
発病指数３：葉の３枚以上にしおれがある
発病指数４：枯死
~Evaluation criteria~
Disease index 0: Symptom free Disease index 1: No wilting on the ground part but browning in the root or border vascular pathogenesis index 2: There is wilting on 1-2 sheets of lower leaves Disease index 3: There are wilting on 3 or more leaves. Disease index 4: Death
発病度の算出方法
発病度＝Σ（程度別発病株数×発病指数）÷（調査株数×４）×１００
防除価の算出方法
防除価＝（無処理の発病度−薬剤処理区の発病度）÷（無処理の発病度）×１００
Method of calculating disease severity Disease severity = Σ (number of diseased strains by degree × disease index) ÷ (number of investigated strains × 4) × 100
Control Value Calculation Method Control Value = (Untreated Disease Level−Disease Level in Drug Treatment Zone) ÷ (Untreated Disease Level) × 100
酵素付着カプセル化農薬７は、ホウレンソウ萎凋病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 7 has the same excellent control effect against spinach wilt disease as soil surface treatment, mixing after soil surface treatment, 60cm and 90cm soil embedding treatment, and cropic tape soil embedding treatment (90cm interval). Indicated.
［試験例９］
試験例８において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬７の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬８を用い、処理量を封入液量として２０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例８と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１３に示した。
[Test Example 9]
In Test Example 8, instead of enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 7, enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 8 was used, and the treatment amount was changed to 20 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. The degree and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 13.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬８は、ホウレンソウ萎凋病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 8 has the same excellent control effect against spinach wilt disease as soil surface treatment, mixing after soil surface treatment, 60cm and 90cm soil embedding treatment, and cropic tape soil embedding treatment (90cm interval). Indicated.
［試験例１０］
試験例８において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬７の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬９を用い、処理量を封入液量として２０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例８と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１４に示した。
[Test Example 10]
In Test Example 8, instead of enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 7, enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 9 was used, and the treatment amount was changed to 20 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. The degree and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 14.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬９は、ホウレンソウ萎凋病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 9 has the same excellent control effect against spinach wilt disease as soil surface treatment, mixing after soil surface treatment, and 60cm and 90cm soil embedding treatment, which is equivalent to the soil embedding treatment of cropic tape (90cm interval). Indicated.
［試験例１１］
予めネコブセンチュウ類で汚染された畑地を耕起し、各区０．０２７アール（０．９ｍ×３ｍ）に区割りを行い、そこに実施例１記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように土壌表面に散布後、ポリエチレンフィルム（０．０３ｍｍ）で被覆した。
また別の区に上記と同様にして、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を土壌表面に散布後、小型管理機で深さ１５ｃｍ程度混和した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
またそれぞれ別の区に、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように６０または９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に均一に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
また対照として、クロピクテープ剤（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）をクロルピクリン液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に埋設処理した後、ポリエチレンフィルムで被覆した。
薬剤処理３週間後にポリエチレンフィルムを取り除き、ホウレンソウ種子（品種：プリウス）を播種し、播種４５日後にホウレンソウの根部の被害程度を以下評価基準に従って調査し、被害指数から発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１５に示した。
[Test Example 11]
Cultivated fields previously contaminated with root-knot nematodes are divided into sections of 0.027 are (0.9 m × 3 m), and the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1 described in Example 1 is used as an encapsulated liquid amount of 17 L / After spraying on the soil surface to an amount equivalent to 10 ares, it was covered with a polyethylene film (0.03 mm).
Further, in the same manner as described above, the enzyme-adhered encapsulated agricultural chemical 1 was sprayed on the soil surface in another section, mixed with a small management machine by a depth of about 15 cm, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
In addition, each of the encapsulated pesticides 1 with an enzyme-attached solution was embedded in a 15 cm depth portion at 60 or 90 cm intervals so that the amount of the encapsulated liquid was 17 L / 10 are equivalent, and then covered with a polyethylene film. did.
In addition, as a control, clopic tape (Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) was embedded in 15 cm deep portions at 90 cm intervals so as to be equivalent to 17 L / 10 are as the amount of chloropicrin solution, and then covered with a polyethylene film.
After 3 weeks of drug treatment, the polyethylene film was removed, seeded with spinach seeds (variety: Prius), 45 days after sowing, the degree of damage to the roots of spinach was investigated according to the following evaluation criteria, and the disease severity and control value were calculated from the damage index. . The results are shown in Table 15.
〜評価基準〜
被害指数０：健全。
被害指数１：わずかに根りゅう形成を認める。
被害指数２：中程度に根りゅう形成を認める。
被害指数３：多数に根りゅう形成を認める。
被害指数４：連続して根りゅう形成を認める。
~Evaluation criteria~
Damage index 0: Healthy.
Damage index 1: Slight formation of roots.
Damage index 2: Moderate root formation is recognized.
Damage index 3: Many roots are recognized.
Damage index 4: Root formation is recognized continuously.
発病度の算出方法
発病度＝Σ（程度別発病株数×被害指数）÷（調査株数×４）×１００
防除価の算出方法
防除価＝（無処理の発病度−薬剤処理区の発病度）÷（無処理の発病度）×１００
Method of calculating disease severity Disease severity = Σ (number of diseased strains by degree × damage index) ÷ (number of investigated strains × 4) × 100
Control Value Calculation Method Control Value = (Untreated Disease Level−Disease Level in Drug Treatment Zone) ÷ (Untreated Disease Level) × 100
酵素付着カプセル化農薬１は、ネコブセンチュウ類に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1 has excellent control effects on root-knot nematodes, equivalent to soil embedding treatment with 90 cm and 90 cm soil embedding treatment after mixing with soil surface treatment, soil surface treatment, and 60 cm and 90 cm soil embedding treatment. It was.
［試験例１２］
試験例１１において、土壌表面処理した区を設けず、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１０を用い、処理量を封入液量として３０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例１１と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１６に示した。
[Test Example 12]
In Test Example 11, except that the soil surface-treated section was not provided, the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 10 was used instead of the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1, and the treatment amount was changed to 30 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. In the same manner as in Test Example 11, the disease severity and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 16.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬１０は、ネコブセンチュウ類に対して、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-adhered encapsulated pesticide 10 showed excellent control effects on root-knot nematodes, which were mixed after soil surface treatment and were embedded in 60 cm and 90 cm soils, equivalent to the soil embedding treatment (90 cm intervals) of kuropic tape.
［試験例１３］
試験例１１において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１１を用い、処理量を封入液量として３０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例１１と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１７に示した。
[Test Example 13]
In Test Example 11, instead of enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1, enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 11 was used, and the treatment amount was changed to 30 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. The degree and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 17.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬１１は、ネコブセンチュウ類に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 11 shows excellent control effects on root-knot nematodes, equivalent to soil embedding treatment (90-cm intervals) of cropic tape by soil surface treatment, mixing after soil surface treatment, and 60 cm and 90 cm soil embedding treatment. It was.
［試験例１４］
試験例８において、酵素付着カプセル化農薬７の代わりに、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１２を用い、処理量を封入液量として３０Ｌ／１０アールに変更したこと以外は試験例８と同様にして、発病度と防除価を算出した。結果を表１８に示した。
[Test Example 14]
In Test Example 8, instead of enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 7, enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 12 was used, and the treatment amount was changed to 30 L / 10 are as the amount of encapsulated liquid. The degree and control value were calculated. The results are shown in Table 18.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬１２は、ホウレンソウ萎凋病に対して、土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理でクロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた防除効果を示した。 Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 12 has the same excellent control effect against spinach wilt disease as soil surface treatment, mixing after soil surface treatment, 60cm and 90cm soil embedding treatment, and cropic tape soil embedding treatment (90cm interval). Indicated.
［試験例１５］
圃場においてトラクターにて深度２０ｃｍで起耕砕土し、各区０．０２７アール（０．９ｍ×３ｍ）に区割りを行い、そこに実施例１記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように土壌表面に散布処理した。
また別の区に上記と同様にして、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を土壌表面に散布後、小型管理機で深さ１５ｃｍ程度混和処理した。
またそれぞれ別の区に、酵素付着カプセル化農薬１を封入液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように６０または９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に均一に埋設処理した。
また対照として、クロピクテープ剤（三井化学アグロ株式会社製）をクロルピクリン液量として１７Ｌ／１０アール相当量となるように９０ｃｍ間隔で深さ１５ｃｍの部位に埋設処理した。
各区において薬剤を処理後、土壌表面にメヒシバ、アオビユの種子を播種し、さらにポリエチレンフィルム（０．０３ｍｍ）で被覆した。薬剤処理３週間後にポリエチレンフィルムを取り除き、一定面積（０．２ｍ×０．２ｍ）内のメヒシバ、アオビユの発芽数を観察した。調査は各区３箇所行った。結果を表１９に示した。
[Test Example 15]
In the field, cultivated and crushed at a depth of 20 cm with a tractor, divided into sections of 0.027 are (0.9 m × 3 m), and the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1 described in Example 1 was used as an encapsulated liquid amount of 17 L / The soil surface was sprayed so as to be equivalent to 10 ares.
In the same manner as described above, the enzyme-adhered encapsulated pesticide 1 was sprayed on the soil surface in another section and then mixed with a small management machine to a depth of about 15 cm.
In each of the different sections, the enzyme-adhered encapsulated agricultural chemical 1 was uniformly embedded in sites of 15 cm depth at 60 or 90 cm intervals so that the amount of the encapsulated liquid was 17 L / 10 are.
Further, as a control, clopic tape (Mitsui Chemicals Agro Co., Ltd.) was embedded in 15 cm depth portions at 90 cm intervals so that the amount of chloropicrin solution was equivalent to 17 L / 10 are.
After treatment with the drug in each section, seeds of barnyard grass and aoubi were sown on the soil surface and further covered with a polyethylene film (0.03 mm). After 3 weeks of drug treatment, the polyethylene film was removed, and the number of germinating mosquito and aoubi within a certain area (0.2 m × 0.2 m) was observed. The survey was conducted at three locations in each ward. The results are shown in Table 19.
酵素付着カプセル化農薬１の土壌表面処理、土壌表面処理後混和、６０ｃｍと９０ｃｍの土壌埋設処理は、クロピクテープの土壌埋設処理（９０ｃｍ間隔）と同等の優れた除草効果を示した。 The soil surface treatment of the enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticide 1, the admixture after the soil surface treatment, and the soil embedding treatment of 60 cm and 90 cm showed an excellent herbicidal effect equivalent to the soil embedding treatment (90 cm interval) of clopic tape.
本発明の酵素付着カプセル化農薬は、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜に土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体を封入し、更に、ゼラチンを含有する皮膜表面にタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体を付着したことにより、農薬使用者と土壌くん蒸成分の接触を避けることが可能となり、使用時の取扱性および使用者安全性が大幅に改善されるのみならず、土壌くん蒸成分の放出期間がタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体の付着により制御することが可能となった。 The enzyme-attached encapsulated agricultural chemical of the present invention has a hydrophobic liquid containing a soil fumigation component enclosed in a film containing gelatin, and further a powder containing a proteolytic enzyme attached to the surface of the film containing gelatin. Makes it possible to avoid contact between pesticide users and soil fumigation components, which not only greatly improves handling and user safety during use, but also releases soil fumigation components containing proteolytic enzymes. It became possible to control by the adhesion of the powder.
Claims (9)
前記カプセル皮膜内に封入され、土壌くん蒸成分を含有する疎水性液体と、
前記カプセル皮膜の表面に付着したタンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体と、
を含む酵素付着カプセル化農薬。 A capsule film made of a film containing gelatin;
A hydrophobic liquid encapsulated in the capsule film and containing a soil fumigation component;
A powder containing a proteolytic enzyme attached to the surface of the capsule film;
Enzyme-attached encapsulated pesticides.
前記カプセルの皮膜表面に、タンパク質分解酵素を含有する粉体を付着する工程と、を含む酵素付着カプセル化農薬の製造方法によって製造された請求項１〜請求項７のいずれか１項に記載の酵素付着カプセル化農薬。 A step of encapsulating a hydrophobic liquid containing a soil fumigation component in a film containing gelatin by a rotary die method to form a capsule;
The method of any one of Claims 1-7 manufactured by the manufacturing method of the enzyme-attachment encapsulated pesticide including the process of attaching the powder containing a proteolytic enzyme to the film | membrane surface of the said capsule. Enzyme-encapsulated pesticide.
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