JP5158855B2 - Antenna, antenna device and rearview mirror - Google Patents

Antenna, antenna device and rearview mirror Download PDF

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JP5158855B2
JP5158855B2 JP2007334978A JP2007334978A JP5158855B2 JP 5158855 B2 JP5158855 B2 JP 5158855B2 JP 2007334978 A JP2007334978 A JP 2007334978A JP 2007334978 A JP2007334978 A JP 2007334978A JP 5158855 B2 JP5158855 B2 JP 5158855B2
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antenna
radiation electrode
ground plane
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room mirror
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洋一 磯
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THE FURUKAW ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
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本発明は、アンテナ、アンテナ装置及びルームミラーに関し、特に、自動車等の車両に搭載され、車車間通信等のＩＴＳ（Intelligent Transport System）通信を行うために用いられるアンテナ、アンテナ装置及びルームミラーに関する。   The present invention relates to an antenna, an antenna device, and a rearview mirror, and more particularly to an antenna, an antenna device, and a rearview mirror that are mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile and used for performing ITS (Intelligent Transport System) communication such as inter-vehicle communication.

近年、自動車等の車両同士が通信を行う車車間通信システムが開発され、実用化されようとしている。車車間通信システムでやり取りされる情報としては、例えば各車両の位置情報や車速情報、各車両で取得したセンサ情報や撮像情報等がある。   In recent years, an inter-vehicle communication system in which vehicles such as automobiles communicate with each other has been developed and put to practical use. Examples of information exchanged in the inter-vehicle communication system include position information and vehicle speed information of each vehicle, sensor information acquired by each vehicle, imaging information, and the like.

日本においては、テレビ放送の地上デジタル化への完全移行後、空いたＵＨＦ帯周波数（７１５ＭＨｚ〜７２５ＭＨｚ）の帯域を車車間通信等のＩＴＳ通信に割り当てることが予定されている。また、すでにＣ帯周波数（５．７７〜５．８５ＧＨｚ）の帯域もＩＴＳ通信に割り当てられている。   In Japan, after the complete transition to terrestrial digital broadcasting, it is planned to allocate a free UHF band frequency (715 MHz to 725 MHz) to ITS communications such as inter-vehicle communications. In addition, the band of the C band frequency (5.77 to 5.85 GHz) has already been assigned to ITS communication.

ところで、車車間通信等のＩＴＳ通信は移動体通信であるので垂直偏波が好ましい。そのため、車両に搭載される通信用のアンテナとしては、ルーフを備えたポールアンテナが好ましいが、外観上目立ってしまうという問題点がある。   By the way, since ITS communication such as inter-vehicle communication is mobile communication, vertical polarization is preferable. Therefore, a pole antenna provided with a roof is preferable as a communication antenna mounted on a vehicle, but there is a problem that it is conspicuous in appearance.

そこで、例えば特許文献１には、内部にアンテナを設けたアンテナ内蔵ルームミラーが提案されている（以下、この技術を従来例という）。従来例のアンテナ内蔵ルームミラーでは、ＥＴＣ（Electronic Toll Collection System）の路側アンテナからの電波信号を受信するアンテナが用いられており、そのアンテナがルームミラーの内部に設置されているので、外観上目立つことがなくなり、また、車内の高い位置で設置されるため、送受信特性を向上させることができる、としている。
特開２００７−１２８３２１号公報 Thus, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes an antenna built-in room mirror provided with an antenna therein (hereinafter, this technique is referred to as a conventional example). In the conventional mirror with a built-in antenna, an antenna that receives a radio signal from an ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) roadside antenna is used, and the antenna is installed inside the room mirror. In addition, since it is installed at a high position in the vehicle, the transmission / reception characteristics can be improved.
JP 2007-128321 A

しかし、従来例では、アンテナを設置すべきルームミラー内の設置スペースが狭いため、アンテナの大きさも制限される。そのため、ＵＨＦ帯の帯域で垂直偏波を作成することは非常に困難であるという課題があった。   However, in the conventional example, since the installation space in the room mirror where the antenna is to be installed is small, the size of the antenna is also limited. Therefore, there is a problem that it is very difficult to create vertical polarization in the UHF band.

また、ＥＴＣ用のアンテナのように比較的高周波の帯域には対応できるが、ＥＴＣの使用帯域よりも低い場合には、最適な特性が得られないという課題があった。   Further, although it can cope with a relatively high frequency band like an antenna for ETC, there is a problem that an optimum characteristic cannot be obtained when it is lower than the band used for ETC.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、設置スペースが狭い場合であってもＵＨＦ帯の帯域で垂直偏波を容易に作成することができるアンテナ、アンテナ装置及びルームミラーを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and includes an antenna, an antenna device, and a room mirror that can easily create vertical polarization in the UHF band even when the installation space is small. The purpose is to provide.

本発明のルームミラーは、地板と、その地板に間隔を隔てて配置され、給電導体を介して給電される放射電極とを有するアンテナと、
前記アンテナを収容する中空の本体とを有し、
前記地板の一方の端部と前記放射電極の一方の端部とがショート板によって接続され、
前記地板の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さは、前記放射電極の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さよりも長く形成され、
前記地板及び前記放射電極の一方の端部と他方の端部との間は、内側に向かって凹状に湾曲して形成され、
前記地板は、前記放射電極よりも内側に配置されており、
前記本体のミラー部以外の部分で、前記地板及び前記放射電極の他方の端部側から、電波が入出力するように形成されている、
ことを特徴とするものである。 The room mirror of the present invention includes an antenna having a ground plane, and a radiation electrode that is arranged at a distance from the ground plane and that is fed via a feed conductor ,
A hollow main body for accommodating the antenna;
One end of the ground plate and one end of the radiation electrode are connected by a short plate,
The length between one end and the other end of the ground plate is formed longer than the length between one end and the other end of the radiation electrode,
Between the one end and the other end of the ground plate and the radiation electrode is formed to be curved in a concave shape toward the inside,
The ground plane is disposed inside the radiation electrode ,
The part other than the mirror part of the main body is formed so that radio waves are input and output from the other end side of the ground plane and the radiation electrode.
It is characterized by this.

前記地板及び前記放射電極は、前記本体に形成された内側に向かって凹状に湾曲した部分に沿って配置されていてもよい。
前記地板と前記放射電極との間に誘電体が挿入されていてもよい。 The ground plane and the radiation electrode may be disposed along a concavely curved portion formed in the main body.
A dielectric may be inserted between the ground plane and the radiation electrode.

本発明のルームミラーは、前記アンテナを含む複数のアンテナを有してもよい。The room mirror of the present invention may have a plurality of antennas including the antenna.

請求項１に係る発明によれば、地板及び放射電極を湾曲させて形成されているので、ルームミラー等のように設置スペースが狭い場合であっても、ＵＨＦ帯の帯域で垂直偏波を容易に作成することが可能となる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the ground plane and the radiation electrode are formed to be curved, vertical polarization can be easily performed in the UHF band even when the installation space is narrow such as a room mirror. Can be created.

請求項１に係る発明によれば、地板及び放射電極をルームミラー内に収容しても、送受信される電波が入出力することができるので、送受信特性を向上させることができる。
また、上記アンテナを内部に設置しているので、外観上目立つことがなくなり、また、車内の高い位置で設置されるため、送受信特性を向上させることができる。
請求項２に係る発明によれば、設置スペースが狭い本体内であっても地板及び放射電極を設置することができる。
請求項３に係る発明によれば、地板と放射電極との間に誘電体が挿入されているので、地板と放射電極のサイズを小さくでき、アンテナ及びルームミラーの小型化を図ることができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, even if the ground plane and the radiation electrode are accommodated in the room mirror, the transmitted / received radio waves can be input / output, so that the transmission / reception characteristics can be improved.
In addition, since the antenna is installed inside, it does not stand out in appearance, and is installed at a high position in the vehicle, so that transmission / reception characteristics can be improved.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2 , even in the main body with a small installation space, a ground plane and a radiation electrode can be installed.
According to the invention of claim 3 , since the dielectric is inserted between the ground plane and the radiation electrode, the size of the ground plane and the radiation electrode can be reduced, and the antenna and the rearview mirror can be miniaturized.

請求項４に係る発明によれば、周波数帯の電波を送受信することが可能となり、例えばＥＴＣ用、ＧＰＳ用、移動体電話用のアンテナとして用いることができ、使用用途を広げることができる。 According to the fourth aspect of the invention, it is possible to transmit and receive radio waves in the frequency band. For example, the antenna can be used as an antenna for ETC, GPS, and mobile telephone, and the usage can be expanded.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。図１（Ａ）は本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ及びルームミラーを示す側面断面図、（Ｂ）は本発明の実施形態例に係るルームミラーの外観を示す正面図である。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a side sectional view showing an antenna and a room mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view showing an appearance of the room mirror according to the embodiment of the present invention.

図１（Ａ）に示すように、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１は、地板２と、その地板２に間隔を隔てて配置され、給電導体３を介して給電される放射電極４とを有する。給電導体３は、例えば同軸ケーブルが用いられ、同軸ケーブル外導体は地板２に接地され、内導体は放射電極４に接続されている。   As shown in FIG. 1 (A), an antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a ground plane 2 and a radiation electrode 4 that is arranged at a distance from the ground plane 2 and is fed via a feed conductor 3. Have For example, a coaxial cable is used as the feeding conductor 3, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is grounded to the ground plane 2, and the inner conductor is connected to the radiation electrode 4.

放射電極４の一方の端部と地板２の一方の端部とはショート板５によって接続され、ショート（短絡）している。   One end of the radiation electrode 4 and one end of the ground plane 2 are connected by a short plate 5 and are short-circuited.

図１（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）に示すように、本発明の実施形態例に係るルームミラー６は、上記アンテナ１を内部に収容する中空の本体７と、本体７の正面側に設けられたミラー部８と、本体７を支持した状態で車室天井部に固定されるステー９とを有する。   As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a room mirror 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided on a hollow main body 7 that houses the antenna 1 inside, and on the front side of the main body 7. It has the mirror part 8 and the stay 9 fixed to a vehicle interior ceiling part in the state which supported the main body 7. FIG.

本体７の正面側の下部には、アンテナ１によって送受信される電波が入出力するための開口部７ａが幅方向に延びて形成されている。   An opening 7 a for inputting and outputting radio waves transmitted and received by the antenna 1 is formed in the lower part on the front side of the main body 7 so as to extend in the width direction.

また、ステー９の内部は中空に構成され、給電導体３が収容されるようになっている。   Further, the inside of the stay 9 is configured to be hollow so that the power supply conductor 3 is accommodated therein.

一般に、ＵＨＦ帯７２０ＭＨｚではλ＝４１６ｍｍであり、λ／４＝１０４ｍｍであるので、アンテナ１を構成する地板２や放射電極４を湾曲して形成すれば、ルームミラー６のように設置スペースが狭い場合であっても収納可能である。   Generally, in the UHF band 720 MHz, λ = 416 mm and λ / 4 = 104 mm. Therefore, if the ground plate 2 and the radiation electrode 4 constituting the antenna 1 are formed to be curved, the installation space is narrow like the room mirror 6. Even in cases, it can be stored.

また、通常はマイクロストリップアンテナは帯域２〜３％であるので、７２０ＭＨｚ近辺では１５〜２０ＭＨｚで十分である。   Usually, since the microstrip antenna has a bandwidth of 2 to 3%, 15 to 20 MHz is sufficient in the vicinity of 720 MHz.

そこで、本発明者は、アンテナ１の地板２と放射電極４の形状、サイズ及び配置を種々に変えた時にアンテナとして正常に動作するか否かの実験を行った。
（実験１）
まず、地板２を湾曲することなく、小型化することを検討した。 Therefore, the inventor conducted an experiment as to whether or not the antenna 1 normally operates when the shape, size, and arrangement of the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 of the antenna 1 are variously changed.
(Experiment 1)
First, the miniaturization of the ground plane 2 was examined without bending.

地板２を放射電極４と同じ大きさのサイズにすると、インピーダンス実成分が低くなり、正常に動作しないことがわかった。   It has been found that when the size of the ground plane 2 is the same as that of the radiation electrode 4, the actual impedance component is lowered and the operation is not normally performed.

給電点をずらせばインピーダンスは調整可能であるが、通常の給電位置（ショート板５から約３０％）では困難である。   The impedance can be adjusted by shifting the feeding point, but it is difficult at the normal feeding position (about 30% from the short plate 5).

また、地板２は極端に小さくするとマイクロストリップアンテナとしての動作が正常でなくなることがわかった。   Further, it has been found that if the ground plane 2 is made extremely small, the operation as a microstrip antenna is not normal.

従って、地板２の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さＬ２（例えば１４０ｍｍ）は、放射電極４の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さＬ１（例えば１０４ｍｍ）よりも長く形成されていることが必要である（図２（Ａ）参照）。
（実験２）
次に、湾曲前に動作する地板２のサイズに形成して、通常のコンフォーマルマイクロストリップアンテナと同じく正方向に湾曲（地板２及び放射電極４を外側に凸状に湾曲させ、地板２を放射電極４よりも内側に配置）させると（図２（Ｂ）参照）、インピーダンス実成分が低くなり、正常に動作しないことがわかった。これは、地板２が放射電極４から逃げる方向に曲がっているため、地板２が小さい場合と同じ現象がおきているためと考えられる。
（実験３）
次に、湾曲前に動作する地板２のサイズに形成して、地板２及び放射電極４を通常のコンフォーマルマイクロストリップアンテナとは逆方向に湾曲（地板２及び放射電極４を内側に凹状に湾曲させ、地板２を放射電極４よりも内側に配置）させると（図２（Ｂ）参照）、正常に動作した。 Accordingly, a length L2 (for example, 140 mm) between one end portion and the other end portion of the ground plane 2 is a length L1 (for example, 104 mm) between one end portion and the other end portion of the radiation electrode 4. 2) (see FIG. 2A).
(Experiment 2)
Next, it is formed in the size of the ground plane 2 that operates before bending, and is curved in the positive direction in the same manner as a normal conformal microstrip antenna (the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 are curved outwardly to radiate the ground plane 2). It was found that when the electrode 4 was disposed (inside the electrode 4) (see FIG. 2B), the actual impedance component was lowered and the device did not operate normally. This is probably because the ground plate 2 is bent in the direction of escaping from the radiation electrode 4, and the same phenomenon as that when the ground plate 2 is small occurs.
(Experiment 3)
Next, the base plate 2 and the radiating electrode 4 are formed in the size of the ground plate 2 that operates before bending, and the ground plate 2 and the radiating electrode 4 are bent in a direction opposite to that of a normal conformal microstrip antenna. When the base plate 2 is disposed inside the radiation electrode 4) (see FIG. 2B), it operates normally.

図３は、図２の地板２及び放射電極４を伸ばした状態（Ａ）、正方向に湾曲した状態（Ｂ）及び逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ｃ）におけるスミスチャートを示すグラフである。   FIG. 3 is a graph showing a Smith chart in a state (A) in which the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 in FIG. 2 are extended (A), a state curved in the forward direction (B), and a state curved in the reverse direction (C).

図３から、地板２及び放射電極４を伸ばした状態（Ａ）と逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ｃ）では、スミスチャートで中心付近を通過してマッチングがとれているのに対し、正方向に湾曲した状態（Ｂ）では、スミスチャートの外側を動いており、マッチングがとれていないことがわかる。   From FIG. 3, in the state (C) in which the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 are extended in the opposite direction (C), the matching is obtained by passing through the vicinity of the center in the Smith chart. In the curved state (B), it moves outside the Smith chart, and it can be seen that matching is not achieved.

図４は、地板２及び放射電極４を伸ばした状態（Ａ）と逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ｃ）での周波数（４００〜８００ＭＨｚ）に対するＶＳＷＲ（Voltage Standing Wave Ratio：定在波比）の特性を示すグラフである。   FIG. 4 shows the characteristics of the VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) with respect to the frequency (400 to 800 MHz) in the state (C) curved in the opposite direction to the state (A) in which the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 are extended. It is a graph which shows.

図４から、地板２及び放射電極４を逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ｃ）での中心周波数は６２０ＭＨｚであり、地板２及び放射電極４を逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ａ）と比較すると、ＶＳＷＲ帯域（ＶＳＷＲ＝２又は３）が狭くなるが、ＶＳＷＲ＝３で２０ＭＨｚ程度とれており、例えば、車車間通信等のＩＴＳ通信（７１５〜７２５ＭＨｚ）の帯域では十分に利用可能であることがわかる。   From FIG. 4, the center frequency in the state (C) in which the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 are curved in the reverse direction is 620 MHz. Compared with the state (A) in which the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 are curved in the reverse direction, Although the band (VSWR = 2 or 3) is narrow, it is about 20 MHz when VSWR = 3. For example, it can be seen that the band can be sufficiently used in the band of ITS communication (715-725 MHz) such as inter-vehicle communication.

また、逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ｃ）において、中心周波数を７１５〜７２５ＭＨｚとするには、地板２や放射電極４のサイズを適宜変更したり、インピーダンスのマッチングを行うことによって、対応可能となる。   Moreover, in the state (C) curved in the reverse direction, the center frequency can be set to 715 to 725 MHz by appropriately changing the size of the ground plane 2 or the radiation electrode 4 or performing impedance matching. .

図５（Ａ）は湾曲する前の地板２と放射電極４を概略的に示す平面図、（Ｂ）は湾曲する前の地板２と放射電極４を概略的に示す側面図、（Ｃ）は湾曲した後の地板２と放射電極４を概略的に示す側面図である。   5A is a plan view schematically showing the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 before being curved, FIG. 5B is a side view schematically showing the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 before being curved, and FIG. It is a side view which shows roughly the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 after curving.

図５（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）において、Ｌ１は放射電極４の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さ（この例では１０４ｍｍ）、Ｗ１は放射電極４の幅（デフォルトでは１２０ｍｍ）、Ｌ２は地板２の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さ、Ｗ２は地板２の幅、Ｅは放射電極４からはみ出ている地板延長量、Ｔは地板２と放射電極４との間隔、Ｌ３は放射電極４の給電点とショート板５までの距離（この例では３５ｍｍ）、Ｌ４は放射電極４を湾曲させた時の径の長さ（デフォルトでは６０ｍｍ）、Ｌ５は地板２及び放射電極４を湾曲させた時の放射電極４からはみ出ている地板延長量（デフォルトでは７ｍｍ）を示す。   5A to 5C, L1 is a length between one end of the radiation electrode 4 and the other end (104 mm in this example), and W1 is a width of the radiation electrode 4 (120 mm by default). ), L2 is the length between one end and the other end of the ground plane 2, W2 is the width of the ground plane 2, E is the amount of ground plane extension protruding from the radiation electrode 4, and T is the ground plane 2 and radiation electrode. 4, L3 is the distance from the feeding point of the radiation electrode 4 to the short plate 5 (35 mm in this example), L4 is the length of the diameter when the radiation electrode 4 is curved (default is 60 mm), and L5 is The ground plane extension amount protruding from the radiation electrode 4 when the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 are curved (7 mm by default) is shown.

ここで、発明者は、地板２の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さＬ２を１０４〜１８４ｍｍ、放射電極４からはみ出ている地板延長量Ｅを０〜８０ｍｍに変えた場合の最下周波数と最下ＶＳＷＲ値を次の３つのケースについて測定する実験を行った。
（１）ケース１（デフォルト）
放射電極４の幅Ｗ１＝１２０ｍｍ、地板２と放射電極４との間隔Ｔ＝５ｍｍ
（２）ケース２
放射電極４の幅Ｗ１＝６０ｍｍ、地板２と放射電極４との間隔Ｔ＝５ｍｍ
（３）ケース３
放射電極４の幅Ｗ１＝１２０ｍｍ、地板２と放射電極４との間隔Ｔ＝３ｍｍ
実験結果を下記の表に示す。 Here, the inventor changes the length L2 between one end and the other end of the ground plane 2 to 104 to 184 mm and the ground plane extension E protruding from the radiation electrode 4 to 0 to 80 mm. An experiment was conducted to measure the lowest frequency and the lowest VSWR value of the following three cases.
(1) Case 1 (default)
The width W1 of the radiation electrode 4 = 120 mm, and the distance T = 5 mm between the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4
(2) Case 2
The width W1 of the radiation electrode 4 = 60 mm, and the distance T = 5 mm between the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4
(3) Case 3
The width W1 of the radiation electrode 4 is 120 mm, and the distance T between the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 is 3 mm.
The experimental results are shown in the table below.

Figure 0005158855

この表から、ケース１及びケース２については、地板延長量Ｅが４０ｍｍよりも長いとＶＳＷＲが３以下となり良好であることがわかる。逆に、地板延長量が３０ｍｍ以下になると、ＶＳＷＲが３以上となり、インピーダンスがとれないことがわかる。
Figure 0005158855
From this table, it can be seen that Case 1 and Case 2 are good when the ground plane extension E is longer than 40 mm and the VSWR is 3 or less. Conversely, when the ground plane extension is 30 mm or less, VSWR is 3 or more, and it can be seen that impedance cannot be obtained.

また、ケース３のように、地板２と放射電極４との間隔Ｔを狭くすると、地板延長量Ｅが７０ｍｍよりも長くないとＶＳＷＲが３以下にならないため、地板２と放射電極４との間隔は狭すぎない方がよいことがわかる。   Further, as in the case 3, if the distance T between the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 is narrowed, the VSWR will not be 3 or less unless the ground plane extension E is longer than 70 mm, so the distance between the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4. Shows that it is better not to be too narrow.

以上の実験より、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１では、図１（Ａ）に示すように、地板２の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さは、放射電極４の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さよりも長く形成され、地板２及び放射電極４の一方の端部と他方の端部との間は、内側に向かって凹状に湾曲して形成され、地板２は、放射電極４よりも内側に配置され、湾曲している放射電極４から地板２が所定の長さ（Ｌ５）延長している。   From the above experiment, in the antenna 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), the length between one end of the ground plane 2 and the other end is the radiation electrode 4. Between the one end and the other end of the base plate 2 and the radiation electrode 4 is curved in a concave shape toward the inside. The ground plane 2 is arranged on the inner side of the radiation electrode 4, and the ground plane 2 extends from the curved radiation electrode 4 by a predetermined length (L5).

図６（Ａ）は、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１をルームミラーに内蔵したと想定したときの、車両の水平面の全周囲角度に対する垂直偏波の利得変化を示すグラフ、（Ｂ）は車両の全周囲角度を示す説明図、（Ｃ）はアンテナ１を概略的に示す説明図である。   FIG. 6A is a graph showing the change in gain of vertical polarization with respect to the entire surrounding angle of the horizontal plane of the vehicle, assuming that the antenna 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is built in a rearview mirror. Is an explanatory view showing the entire surrounding angle of the vehicle, and (C) is an explanatory view schematically showing the antenna 1.

図６（Ａ）から、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１を用いることにより、車両の全周囲角度に対して、良好な利得特性を得られることがわかる。   From FIG. 6 (A), it can be seen that by using the antenna 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, good gain characteristics can be obtained with respect to the entire surrounding angle of the vehicle.

本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１によれば、地板２及び放射電極４を湾曲させて形成されているので、ルームミラー６等のように設置スペースが狭い場合であっても、ＵＨＦ帯の帯域で垂直偏波を容易に作成することが可能となる。   According to the antenna 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 are formed by being curved, even if the installation space is narrow such as the room mirror 6 or the like, the UHF band It is possible to easily create vertical polarization in the band.

本発明の実施形態例に係るルームミラー６によれば、上記本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１を内部に設置しているので、外観上目立つことがなくなり、また、車内の高い位置で設置されるため、送受信特性を向上させることができる。   According to the room mirror 6 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed inside, so that it does not stand out in appearance and is installed at a high position in the vehicle. Therefore, transmission / reception characteristics can be improved.

図７は本発明の他の実施形態例に係るアンテナ及びルームミラーを示す側面断面図である。   FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing an antenna and a room mirror according to another embodiment of the present invention.

図７に示すように、本発明の他の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１０及びルームミラー１１では、地板２と放射電極４との間に誘電体１２が挿入されていることを特徴としている。誘電体１２としては、例えばテフロン（登録商標）、ＢＴレジン、ＰＰＯ等のように、誘電正接が小さいものを用いるのが好ましい。   As shown in FIG. 7, the antenna 10 and the room mirror 11 according to another embodiment of the present invention are characterized in that a dielectric 12 is inserted between the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4. As the dielectric 12, for example, a material having a small dielectric loss tangent such as Teflon (registered trademark), BT resin, PPO or the like is preferably used.

本発明の他の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１０及びルームミラー１１では、地板２と放射電極４との間に誘電体１２が挿入されているので、地板２と放射電極４のサイズを小さくでき、アンテナ１０及びルームミラー１１の小型化を図ることができる。   In the antenna 10 and the room mirror 11 according to another embodiment of the present invention, since the dielectric 12 is inserted between the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4, the size of the ground plane 2 and the radiation electrode 4 can be reduced, The antenna 10 and the room mirror 11 can be reduced in size.

図８及び図９は、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ装置を概略的に示す説明図である。   8 and 9 are explanatory views schematically showing an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

図８に示すように、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ装置１３は、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１（又は１０）を複数配置していることを特徴としている。   As shown in FIG. 8, the antenna device 13 according to the embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of antennas 1 (or 10) according to the embodiment of the present invention are arranged.

また、図９に示すように、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ装置１４は、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ１（又は１０）に加えて、複数の各種類のアンテナを載せることも可能である。例えば、図９において、１５は本実施形態例に係るＵＨＦ帯の垂直偏波のアンテナ、１６はＵＨＦ帯の偏波ダイバーシチ用の水平偏波のアンテナ、１７はＧＰＳ用アンテナ、１８はＥＴＣ用アンテナ、１９はＣ帯のＩＴＳ通信用アンテナ、２０は無線ＬＡＮ用アンテナ等である。   Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the antenna device 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention may carry a plurality of types of antennas in addition to the antenna 1 (or 10) according to the embodiment of the present invention. Is possible. For example, in FIG. 9, 15 is a vertically polarized antenna in the UHF band according to this embodiment, 16 is a horizontally polarized antenna for polarization diversity in the UHF band, 17 is a GPS antenna, and 18 is an ETC antenna. , 19 is a C-band ITS communication antenna, and 20 is a wireless LAN antenna.

本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ装置１３、１４によれば、広い周波数帯の電波を送受信することが可能となり、例えばＥＴＣ用、ＧＰＳ用、移動体電話用のアンテナ等として用いることができ、使用用途を広げることができる。   According to the antenna devices 13 and 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to transmit and receive radio waves in a wide frequency band, and can be used as antennas for ETC, GPS, and mobile phones, for example. Applications can be expanded.

本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されることはなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的事項の範囲内において、種々の変更が可能である。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical matters described in the claims.

本発明のアンテナ、アンテナ装置及びルームミラーは、自動車等の車両に搭載され、車車間通信等を行うために用いられる。   The antenna, the antenna device, and the rearview mirror of the present invention are mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile and are used for inter-vehicle communication and the like.

（Ａ）は本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ及びルームミラーを示す側面断面図、（Ｂ）は本発明の実施形態例に係るルームミラーの外観を示す正面図である。(A) is side sectional drawing which shows the antenna and room mirror which concern on the embodiment of this invention, (B) is a front view which shows the external appearance of the room mirror which concerns on the embodiment of this invention. （Ａ）〜（Ｃ）は、アンテナの地板と放射電極の形状、サイズ及び配置を変えた状態を示す説明図であり、（Ａ）は地板及び放射電極を伸ばした状態、（Ｂ）は正方向に湾曲した状態、（Ｃ）は逆方向に湾曲した状態を示す。(A)-(C) is explanatory drawing which shows the state which changed the shape, size, and arrangement | positioning of the ground plane and radiation electrode of an antenna, (A) is the state which extended the ground plane and the radiation electrode, (B) is positive. (C) shows a state bent in the opposite direction. 図２の地板及び放射電極を伸ばした状態（Ａ）、正方向に湾曲した状態（Ｂ）及び逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ｃ）におけるスミスチャートを示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows a Smith chart in the state (A) which extended the ground plate and the radiation electrode of FIG. 2, the state (B) curved in the forward direction, and the state (C) curved in the reverse direction. 地板及び放射電極を伸ばした状態（Ａ）と逆方向に湾曲した状態（Ｃ）での周波数（４００〜８００ＭＨｚ）に対するＶＳＷＲ（Voltage Standing Wave Ratio：定在波比）の特性を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the characteristic of VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: Standing wave ratio) with respect to the frequency (400-800 MHz) in the state (C) curved in the reverse direction (A) with the state which extended the ground plate and the radiation electrode. （Ａ）は湾曲する前の地板と放射電極を概略的に示す平面図、（Ｂ）は湾曲する前の地板と放射電極を概略的に示す側面図、（Ｃ）は湾曲した後の地板と放射電極を概略的に示す側面図である。(A) is a plan view schematically showing the ground plate and the radiation electrode before bending, (B) is a side view schematically showing the ground plate and the radiation electrode before bending, and (C) is the ground plate after being curved. It is a side view which shows a radiation electrode schematically. （Ａ）は、本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナをルームミラーに内蔵したと想定したときの、車両の水平面の全周囲角度に対する垂直偏波の利得変化を示すグラフ、（Ｂ）は車両の全周囲角度を示す説明図、（Ｃ）はアンテナを概略的に示す説明図である。(A) is a graph showing the gain change of the vertical polarization with respect to the entire circumference angle of the horizontal plane of the vehicle when it is assumed that the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention is built in the rearview mirror. Explanatory drawing which shows all the surrounding angles, (C) is explanatory drawing which shows an antenna roughly. 本発明の他の実施形態例に係るアンテナ及びルームミラーを示す側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the antenna and room mirror which concern on the other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ装置を概略的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the antenna apparatus which concerns on the example of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態例に係るアンテナ装置を概略的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the antenna apparatus which concerns on the example of embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：アンテナ
２：地板
３：給電導体
４：放射電極
５：ショート板
６：ルームミラー
７：本体
８：ミラー部
９：ステー
１０：アンテナ
１１：ルームミラー
１２：誘電体
１３：アンテナ装置
１４：アンテナ装置
１５：本実施形態例に係るＵＨＦ帯の垂直偏波のアンテナ
１６：ＵＨＦ帯の偏波ダイバーシチ用の水平偏波のアンテナ
１７：ＧＰＳ用アンテナ
１８：ＥＴＣ用アンテナ
１９：Ｃ帯のＩＴＳ通信用アンテナ
２０：無線ＬＡＮ用アンテナ 1: Antenna 2: Ground plane 3: Feeding conductor 4: Radiation electrode 5: Short plate 6: Room mirror 7: Body 8: Mirror part 9: Stay 10: Antenna 11: Room mirror 12: Dielectric 13: Antenna device 14: Antenna Device 15: UHF band vertically polarized antenna 16 according to the present embodiment 16: Horizontally polarized antenna 17 for UHF band polarization diversity 17: GPS antenna 18: ETC antenna 19: C band ITS communication Antenna 20: Antenna for wireless LAN

Claims (4)

地板と、その地板に間隔を隔てて配置され、給電導体を介して給電される放射電極とを有するアンテナと、
前記アンテナを収容する中空の本体とを有し、
前記地板の一方の端部と前記放射電極の一方の端部とがショート板によって接続され、
前記地板の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さは、前記放射電極の一方の端部と他方の端部との間の長さよりも長く形成され、
前記地板及び前記放射電極の一方の端部と他方の端部との間は、内側に向かって凹状に湾曲して形成され、
前記地板は、前記放射電極よりも内側に配置されており、
前記本体のミラー部以外の部分で、前記地板及び前記放射電極の他方の端部側から、電波が入出力するように形成されている、
ことを特徴とするルームミラー。 An antenna having a ground plane and a radiation electrode that is arranged at a distance from the ground plane and is fed via a feed conductor ;
A hollow main body for accommodating the antenna;
One end of the ground plate and one end of the radiation electrode are connected by a short plate,
The length between one end and the other end of the ground plate is formed longer than the length between one end and the other end of the radiation electrode,
Between the one end and the other end of the ground plate and the radiation electrode is formed to be curved in a concave shape toward the inside,
The ground plane is disposed inside the radiation electrode ,
The part other than the mirror part of the main body is formed so that radio waves are input and output from the other end side of the ground plane and the radiation electrode.
A room mirror characterized by that. 前記地板及び前記放射電極は、前記本体に形成された内側に向かって凹状に湾曲した部分に沿って配置されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のルームミラー。 The ground plane and the radiation electrode are disposed along a concavely curved portion formed on the inside of the main body,
View mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that. 前記アンテナの前記地板と前記放射電極との間に誘電体が挿入されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のルームミラー。 The room mirror according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a dielectric is inserted between the ground plane of the antenna and the radiation electrode. 前記アンテナを含む複数のアンテナを有することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１つの項に記載のルームミラー。 The room mirror according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a plurality of antennas including the antenna.
JP2007334978A 2007-12-26 2007-12-26 Antenna, antenna device and rearview mirror Expired - Fee Related JP5158855B2 (en)

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