JP5152668B2 - Drying and carbonization equipment - Google Patents

Drying and carbonization equipment Download PDF

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JP5152668B2
JP5152668B2 JP2008272634A JP2008272634A JP5152668B2 JP 5152668 B2 JP5152668 B2 JP 5152668B2 JP 2008272634 A JP2008272634 A JP 2008272634A JP 2008272634 A JP2008272634 A JP 2008272634A JP 5152668 B2 JP5152668 B2 JP 5152668B2
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cylinder
drying
drying chamber
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exhaust
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JP2010101543A (en
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俊男 大山
政美 星
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MUTSUWA KOGYO KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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Description

本発明は、水分の多い生ゴミ、汚水処理場の汚泥、鶏糞、おから等のような食品廃棄物等の被乾燥物を効果的に加熱し効率よく乾燥および炭化させることができる乾燥装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a drying apparatus capable of effectively heating and efficiently drying and carbonizing food to be dried such as food waste such as raw garbage with a lot of water, sludge from a sewage treatment plant, chicken manure, and okara. .

生ゴミ分別機で分別されると共に、破砕された生ゴミについて言えば、従来の生ゴミの乾燥機は、乾燥室内に生ゴミを収容し、撹拌して乾燥させるか或いは乾燥室内を通過させて生ゴミを乾燥させていた。   For garbage that has been separated by a garbage separator and is crushed, conventional garbage dryers store garbage in a drying chamber and dry it by stirring or passing it through the drying chamber. The garbage was dried.

ところが、生ゴミは多量の水分を含有するため、生ゴミを固形化燃料等として利用する場合は、十分に乾燥させなければならない。   However, since raw garbage contains a large amount of moisture, when using raw garbage as a solidified fuel or the like, it must be sufficiently dried.

しかし、長時間乾燥させるためには大きな乾燥室を必要とし、そのため設置スペースに問題点を有すると共に、燃料の消費量も多くなるのである。また、燃焼ガス中に含まれる有害物質が大気中に放出されることによる公害の発生という環境問題に関しても課題を有している。   However, in order to dry for a long time, a large drying chamber is required, so that there is a problem in the installation space and the amount of fuel consumption increases. There is also a problem with respect to environmental problems such as the generation of pollution due to the release of harmful substances contained in combustion gases into the atmosphere.

一方、生ゴミ以外のもので、汚水処理場の汚泥、鶏糞、おから等のような食品廃棄物では、乾燥機を使用しない場合は、例えば、天日に干したり、風乾燥させたりすることも行われているが、極めて効率が悪い。   On the other hand, food waste such as sludge, chicken manure, okara, etc., other than raw garbage, should be dried in the sun or wind-dried, for example, when the dryer is not used. Is also performed, but it is extremely inefficient.

下記特許文献１は、生ゴミ分別機で分別されると共に、破砕された生ゴミを乾燥するための生ゴミ乾燥機である。
特許第３５９５２０１号 The following Patent Document 1 is a garbage drying machine for drying garbage that has been crushed and separated by a garbage sorting machine.
Japanese Patent No. 3595201

前記特許文献１の生ゴミ乾燥機は、図１０に示すように、乾燥室２は、薄い方形体であり、内部に多段（図面では８段）に横方向に延長した筒体６が水平に設けられ、この筒体６は端部が上または下の筒体６の端部に交互に連結部６Ａにより連通されて一本に形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 10, in the garbage dryer of Patent Document 1, the drying chamber 2 is a thin rectangular body, and a cylindrical body 6 extending horizontally in multiple stages (eight stages in the drawing) is horizontally disposed therein. The cylindrical body 6 is formed as a single piece with the end portions thereof being alternately communicated with the end portions of the upper or lower cylindrical body 6 by the connecting portions 6A.

そして、最上部の筒体６に乾燥室２外に通じる投入口７が設けられ、また最下部の筒体６に乾燥室２外に通じる排出口８が設けられている。   The uppermost cylindrical body 6 is provided with an inlet 7 that communicates with the outside of the drying chamber 2, and the lowermost cylindrical body 6 is provided with an outlet 8 that communicates with the outside of the drying chamber 2.

図示は省略するが、投入口７の上方に生ゴミ投入管口より投入された生ゴミを筒体６に押し込むための押圧シリンダーが設けられている。また、排出口８の下方に搬送用のベルトコンベアが設けられている。   Although not shown in the drawing, a pressing cylinder for pushing the garbage introduced from the garbage input pipe port into the cylindrical body 6 is provided above the input port 7. Further, a conveyor belt for conveyance is provided below the discharge port 8.

各段の筒体６内に夫々スクリューコンベア１２が内蔵され、各段のスクリューコンベア１２は往路と復路が上下に交互になるよう配設されている。各スクリューコンベア１２はモーター１３の回転がチェーン１４とスプロケット１５による連動機構により伝達され、同一回転する。   Screw conveyors 12 are built in the cylinders 6 at the respective stages, and the screw conveyors 12 at the respective stages are arranged so that the forward path and the return path are alternately arranged up and down. Each screw conveyor 12 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 13 by the interlocking mechanism formed by the chain 14 and the sprocket 15.

また、乾燥室２内の筒体６の周囲に耐熱性材料のガラスまたはセラミックス等の細粒体１６が充填されている。   In addition, fine particles 16 such as glass or ceramics of a heat resistant material are filled around the cylinder 6 in the drying chamber 2.

また、筒体６の連結部６Ａに筒体６内で発生した蒸気が送出される蒸気送出口１７が設けられ、この蒸気送出口１７に蒸気送出管の一端が連結され、各蒸気送出管の他端は一本にもとめられ、一次燃焼室の上部に設けた蒸気導入管に連結されている。   Further, a steam outlet 17 through which steam generated in the cylinder 6 is sent out is provided in the connecting portion 6A of the cylinder 6, and one end of the steam delivery pipe is connected to the steam outlet 17, and each steam delivery pipe The other end is fixed to one and is connected to a steam introduction pipe provided at the upper part of the primary combustion chamber.

このようにして、筒体６内の生ゴミは投入口７より押し込まれ、スクリューコンベア１２により圧搾されながら搬送されるので、生ゴミ中に含まれる水分は筒体６内で分離される。そして、分離された水分は筒体６が受ける熱気で蒸気と化し、筒体６から送給手段により一次燃焼室に送り込まれ、一次燃焼室で気化される。   Thus, the garbage in the cylinder 6 is pushed in from the insertion port 7 and conveyed while being squeezed by the screw conveyor 12, so that moisture contained in the garbage is separated in the cylinder 6. The separated moisture is converted into steam by the hot air received by the cylinder 6, and is sent from the cylinder 6 to the primary combustion chamber by the feeding means, and is vaporized in the primary combustion chamber.

前記特許文献１の生ゴミ乾燥機は、生ゴミが搬送される筒体が多段に設けられて端部が交互に上又は下の筒体の端部に連通されて一本に形成されるようにしたものであり、そのため、生ゴミは長距離搬送され、乾燥時間も長くなり、小さな乾燥室であっても十分な乾燥を受けることができ、設置スペースも小さくて済むものである。   In the garbage dryer of Patent Document 1, the cylinders to which the garbage is conveyed are provided in multiple stages so that the ends are alternately communicated with the ends of the upper and lower cylinders. For this reason, the garbage is transported for a long distance, the drying time becomes long, and it can be sufficiently dried even in a small drying chamber, and the installation space can be reduced.

また、筒体は間接熱で熱せられることと、筒体の周囲が細粒体で充填されていることにより、熱による変形が防止され、耐久性が増大する。   Further, since the cylinder is heated by indirect heat and the periphery of the cylinder is filled with fine particles, deformation due to heat is prevented and durability is increased.

しかし、生ゴミでも含水率が数十パーセントから高いものでは９０％程度のものもあり、汚水処理場の汚泥、鶏糞、おから等のような食品廃棄物でも同様である。このような含水率高いものでは筒体６内に蒸気が大量に発生して燃焼効率が極めて悪くなる。いわば、蒸し焼き状態となるものであり、筒体６内での蒸気の発生で、筒体６内の温度が下がってしまい、被燃焼物をうまく炭化させることができないことになる。   However, some raw garbage has a moisture content of several tens of percent to as high as 90%, and the same applies to food waste such as sludge, chicken manure, and okara in sewage treatment plants. When the water content is high, a large amount of steam is generated in the cylindrical body 6 and the combustion efficiency is extremely deteriorated. In other words, it is in a steamed state, and the temperature in the cylinder 6 decreases due to the generation of steam in the cylinder 6, and the combustible cannot be carbonized well.

なお、前記特許文献１でも筒体６内で発生した蒸気の排出手段はある。これは、筒体６の連結部６Ａに蒸気送出口１７を設けたものであるが、このような連結部６Ａからの筒体６内の蒸気の排出では十分な排出を行うことができない。   Note that, in Patent Document 1 as well, there is a means for discharging steam generated in the cylindrical body 6. In this case, the steam delivery port 17 is provided in the connecting portion 6A of the cylindrical body 6, but sufficient discharge cannot be performed by discharging the steam in the cylindrical body 6 from such a connecting portion 6A.

けだし、筒体６内の被燃焼物からの蒸気の発生は、スクリューコンベア１２に沿って長い範囲となり、筒体６の端部に連結する連結部６Ａからの排出では不完全なものとなる。また、排出のために、吸引圧や送気圧をかけると風の流れを生じ、筒体６の温度上昇に支障をきたすことになる。   However, the generation of steam from the combusted material in the cylinder 6 is in a long range along the screw conveyor 12, and the discharge from the connecting portion 6 </ b> A connected to the end of the cylinder 6 is incomplete. Further, when a suction pressure or a supply air pressure is applied for discharging, a wind flow is generated, which hinders the temperature rise of the cylindrical body 6.

その結果、筒体６は上下方向に多段に設けられ、端部が交互に上下に連通されて一本に形成されているため、長距離搬送され、乾燥時間も長くなり、小さな乾燥室であっても十分な乾燥を受けることができるが、その分バーナー燃焼のための燃料費が高騰する。   As a result, the cylindrical body 6 is provided in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and the end portions are alternately communicated with each other in the vertical direction, so that the cylindrical body 6 is transported over a long distance, the drying time is increased, and a small drying chamber is formed. However, the fuel cost for burner combustion rises accordingly.

また、筒体６内に蒸気排出のための吸引管を配設することも考えられなくはないが、そのスペース分筒体６の径を大きく取らなければならず、装置全体が大型化してしまう。   In addition, it is not considered that a suction pipe for discharging steam is provided in the cylinder 6, but the diameter of the space cylinder 6 must be increased to increase the size of the entire apparatus. .

本発明の目的は前記従来例の不都合を解消し、粘度が高い被燃焼物や固体を多く含む被燃焼物（一例としては、汚泥や鶏糞や食品廃棄物等）等であってもそれから発生する蒸気を除去して被燃焼物をうまく炭化させることができ、その結果として、燃料費も節約できる乾燥・炭化装置を提供することにある。   The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned conventional examples, and even burnable materials with high viscosity and burned materials containing a large amount of solids (for example, sludge, chicken manure, food waste, etc.) are generated therefrom. An object of the present invention is to provide a drying / carbonizing apparatus that can remove steam and carbonize a combusted material well, and as a result, can save fuel costs.

前記目的を達成するため請求項１記載の本発明は、乾燥室内に、上下方向に多段に横方向に延長する内部にスクリューコンベアが内蔵された筒体が設けられると共に、各筒体は端部が上または下の筒体の端部と交互に連通されて一本に形成され、前記スクリューコンベアは往路と復路が上下に交互になるよう配設され、端部の筒体に乾燥室外に通じる投入口が設けられると共に、他の端部の筒体に乾燥室外に通じる排出口が設けられる乾燥・炭化装置において、スクリューコンベアの筒体の上半分に排気分岐管を長さ方向に適宜間隔で取付け、これら排気分岐管を筒体にその長さ方向に併設する蛇行排気管に接続したことを要旨とするものである。   In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention according to claim 1 is provided with a cylindrical body in which a screw conveyor is incorporated in a drying chamber and is extended in the horizontal direction in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and each cylindrical body has an end portion. Are connected to the end of the upper or lower cylinder alternately and formed into one, and the screw conveyor is arranged so that the forward path and the return path are alternated vertically, and the end cylinder communicates with the outside of the drying chamber. In the drying / carbonization apparatus in which a discharge port leading to the outside of the drying chamber is provided in the cylindrical body at the other end while being provided with a charging port, an exhaust branch pipe is arranged at an appropriate interval in the length direction in the upper half of the cylindrical body of the screw conveyor. The gist of the invention is that these exhaust branch pipes are connected to a meandering exhaust pipe that is provided along the length of the cylindrical body.

請求項１記載の本発明によれば、筒体内の被乾燥物は投入口より押し込まれ、スクリューコンベアにより圧搾されながら搬送されるので、被乾燥物中に含まれる水分は筒体内で分離される。そして、分離された水分は筒体が受ける熱気で蒸気等のガス化し、筒体から送給手段により一次燃焼室に送り込まれ、一次燃焼室で気化される。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the material to be dried in the cylinder is pushed in from the inlet and conveyed while being squeezed by the screw conveyor, so that the moisture contained in the material to be dried is separated in the cylinder. . The separated moisture is gasified as steam or the like by the hot air received by the cylinder, is sent from the cylinder to the primary combustion chamber by the feeding means, and is vaporized in the primary combustion chamber.

また、筒体は上下方向に多段に設けられ、端部が交互に上下に連通されて一本に形成されているため、被乾燥物は長距離搬送され、乾燥時間も長くなり、小さな乾燥室であっても十分な乾燥を受け、かつ炭化される。   In addition, since the cylinders are provided in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and the ends are alternately communicated with each other in a vertical direction, the object to be dried is transported over a long distance, the drying time is increased, and a small drying chamber Even it is sufficiently dried and carbonized.

さらに、筒体は直接火炎が当たらず、間接熱によること及び筒体の周囲を細粒体で充填してあることにより、筒体の熱による変形が防止されると共に、細粒体により保温性を有し、燃料の節約になる。   In addition, the cylindrical body is not directly exposed to flames, and due to indirect heat and the periphery of the cylindrical body is filled with fine particles, the cylindrical body is prevented from being deformed by heat, and the fine particles maintain heat retention. Which saves fuel.

これに加えて、筒体内で被乾燥物から発生する蒸気は筒体の上半分に適宜間隔で取付けた排気分岐管を介して蛇行排気管に排出することができる。この排気分岐管は筒体の長さ方向に設けられるものであり、長い範囲で被乾燥物から発生する蒸気もまんべんなく吸い取ることができる。   In addition, the steam generated from the material to be dried in the cylinder can be discharged to the meandering exhaust pipe through an exhaust branch pipe attached to the upper half of the cylinder at an appropriate interval. This exhaust branch pipe is provided in the length direction of the cylindrical body, and it is possible to evenly suck out the steam generated from the material to be dried over a long range.

また、蛇行排気管が蛇行することは重要であり、これにより、十分な距離を乾燥室内で確保して、その間に水蒸気の水分を消失させ、ガスのみを取り出すことができる。このガスは燃料として利用できる。 In addition, it is important that the meandering exhaust pipe meanders, so that a sufficient distance can be ensured in the drying chamber, during which water vapor can be lost and only gas can be taken out. This gas can be used as fuel.

請求項２記載の本発明は、上下に並ぶ筒体のうち、最上段の筒体の排気分岐管の数をそれより下段の筒体の排気分岐管の数よりも多くしたことを要旨とするものである。   The gist of the present invention described in claim 2 is that the number of exhaust branch pipes of the uppermost cylinder among the cylinders arranged vertically is larger than the number of exhaust branch pipes of the lower cylinder. Is.

請求項２記載の本発明によれば、一番水蒸気が多く発生しやすい最上段の筒体の排気分岐管の数をそれより下段の筒体の排気分岐管の数よりも多くすることにより、端部が上または下の筒体の端部に交互に連結部により連通されて一本に形成されている筒体の水蒸気を効率良く排出することができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, by increasing the number of exhaust branch pipes of the uppermost cylindrical body where water vapor is most likely to be generated more than the number of exhaust branch pipes of the lower cylindrical body, It is possible to efficiently discharge the water vapor of the cylindrical body in which the end portions are alternately connected to the end portions of the upper or lower cylindrical body by the connecting portions.

請求項３記載の本発明は、蛇行排気管は、給気配管と排気配管間に架設され、排気配管はその排気口端をバーナーまたは乾燥室へのバーナー接続部に開口することを要旨とするものである。   The gist of the present invention described in claim 3 is that the meandering exhaust pipe is installed between the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe opens at the end of the exhaust port to the burner or the burner connecting portion to the drying chamber. Is.

請求項３記載の本発明によれば、前記のように蛇行排気管が蛇行することで十分な距離を乾燥室内で確保して、その間に水蒸気の水分を消失させ、ガスのみを取り出すことができるが、このガスは燃料として燃やすことができる。また、排気配管の排気口端をバーナーまたは乾燥室へのバーナー接続部に開口することで、乾燥室内で再燃焼させることができる。 According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to secure a sufficient distance in the drying chamber by meandering the meandering exhaust pipe as described above, and to dissipate water vapor in the meantime and to extract only the gas. However, this gas can be burned as fuel. Further, by opening the exhaust port end of the exhaust pipe to the burner or the burner connection part to the drying chamber, it is possible to re-combust in the drying chamber.

請求項４記載の本発明は、蛇行排気管は、扁平な角パイプであり、断面横長矩形とすることを要旨とするものである。   The gist of the present invention described in claim 4 is that the meandering exhaust pipe is a flat rectangular pipe having a horizontally long cross section.

請求項４記載の本発明によれば、蛇行排気管の形状を乾燥室内で十分下からの熱を受け易く設定でき、効果的に水蒸気の水分を消失させることを実現できる。   According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the shape of the meandering exhaust pipe can be set to be easily subjected to heat from below in the drying chamber, and the water vapor can be effectively eliminated.

以上述べたように本発明の乾燥・炭化装置は、粘度が高い被燃焼物や固体を多く含む被燃焼物（一例としては、汚泥や鶏糞や食品廃棄物等）等であってもそれから発生する蒸気を効率よく除去して被燃焼物をうまく炭化させることができ、その結果として、ガスを取り出し、燃料として利用できるので、燃料費も節約できるものである。 As described above, the drying / carbonizing apparatus of the present invention generates a combustible material having a high viscosity or a combustible material containing a large amount of solids (for example, sludge, chicken manure, food waste, etc.). Steam can be efficiently removed and the combusted material can be successfully carbonized. As a result, the gas can be taken out and used as fuel, so that fuel costs can be saved.

以下、図面について本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の縦断正面図、図２は同上縦断背面図、図３は同上縦断側面図で、前記従来技術と同一構成要素には同一参照符号を付したものである。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view of a drying / carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal rear view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view thereof. .

図中２は燃焼用バーナー５を付設した立長方形体の乾燥室で、内部に多段（図面では８段）に横方向に延長した筒体６を水平に設け、これら筒体６は端部が上又は下の筒体６の端部に交互に連結部６Ａにより連通して全体として一本に形成する。   In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a vertical rectangular drying chamber provided with a combustion burner 5, which is provided internally with horizontally extending cylinders 6 extending in multiple stages (eight stages in the drawing). The ends of the upper or lower cylindrical body 6 are alternately communicated by the connecting portions 6A to form a single unit as a whole.

そして、最上部の筒体６に乾燥室２外に通じる投入口７を設け、また、最下部の筒体６には乾燥室２外に通じる排出口８を設ける。   The uppermost cylindrical body 6 is provided with an inlet 7 that leads to the outside of the drying chamber 2, and the lowermost cylindrical body 6 is provided with an outlet 8 that leads to the outside of the drying chamber 2.

さらに、本実施形態では、前記８段の横方向に延長した筒体６の縦の列は２組を乾燥室２内に並べて設けた。   Furthermore, in this embodiment, two sets of the vertical rows of the cylinders 6 extending in the horizontal direction of the eight stages are arranged in the drying chamber 2.

各段の筒体６内には夫々スクリューコンベア１２を内蔵している。図中１２ａはスクリュー軸、１２ｂはスクリュー羽根である。   A screw conveyor 12 is built in each cylinder 6 at each stage. In the figure, 12a is a screw shaft, and 12b is a screw blade.

各段のスクリューコンベア１２は往路と復路が上下に交互になるよう配設されていて、各スクリューコンベア１２はモーター１３の回転がチェーン１４とスプロケット１５による連動機構により伝達され、同一回転する。   The screw conveyors 12 at each stage are arranged so that the forward path and the return path are alternated up and down, and the rotation of the motor 13 is transmitted to the screw conveyors 12 by the interlocking mechanism of the chain 14 and the sprocket 15 to rotate the same.

図中１は脱臭処理室で、これは乾燥室２と二室接続ダクトで接続され、バーナーで乾燥室２の燃焼ガスを加熱して、ダイオキシンを分解する（８００℃）。乾燥室２も脱臭処理室１も負圧（ブロアー吸引）をかけるが、３は吸引用のブロアーである。   In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a deodorizing treatment chamber, which is connected to the drying chamber 2 by a two-chamber connecting duct, and the combustion gas in the drying chamber 2 is heated by a burner to decompose dioxins (800 ° C.). Both the drying chamber 2 and the deodorizing treatment chamber 1 apply negative pressure (blower suction), and 3 is a blower for suction.

前記スクリューコンベア１２を収めた筒体６の上半分には、適宜に小孔を形成し、この小孔を利用して円形パイプによる排気分岐管９を長さ方向に適宜間隔で取付けた。   Small holes were appropriately formed in the upper half of the cylinder 6 containing the screw conveyor 12, and exhaust branch pipes 9 made of circular pipes were attached at appropriate intervals in the length direction using the small holes.

これら排気分岐管９を筒体６にその長さ方向に併設する蛇行排気管１０に接続した。（なお、図３ではこれら排気分岐管９は蛇行排気管１０は省略している。）   These exhaust branch pipes 9 are connected to a meandering exhaust pipe 10 provided along the length of the cylindrical body 6. (In FIG. 3, the exhaust branch pipe 9 and the meandering exhaust pipe 10 are omitted.)

蛇行排気管１０は角パイプであり、断面横長矩形とする扁平なパイプによるもので、図７に示すように端部をつづら折りに折り返して筒体６の長さ方向に沿うように配設する。なお、この蛇行排気管１０は扁平なものであれば、楕円形のパイプによるものでもよい。   The meandering exhaust pipe 10 is a square pipe, and is a flat pipe having a horizontally long cross section. As shown in FIG. 7, the end portions are folded back and arranged along the length direction of the cylindrical body 6. The meandering exhaust pipe 10 may be an elliptical pipe as long as it is flat.

排気分岐管９は、蛇行排気管１０よりも細い径のパイプであり、適宜な曲率を有する。   The exhaust branch pipe 9 is a pipe having a diameter smaller than that of the meandering exhaust pipe 10 and has an appropriate curvature.

上下に並ぶ筒体６のうち、最上段の筒体６の排気分岐管９の数をそれより下段の筒体の排気分岐管９の数よりも多くした。図５が上段の筒体６の排気分岐管９の例であり、図６がそれ以外の筒体６の排気分岐管９の例である。   Among the upper and lower cylinders 6, the number of exhaust branch pipes 9 in the uppermost cylinder 6 is larger than the number of exhaust branch pipes 9 in the lower cylinder. FIG. 5 is an example of the exhaust branch pipe 9 of the upper cylinder 6, and FIG. 6 is an example of the exhaust branch pipe 9 of the other cylinder 6.

乾燥室２内には、比較的太径のパイプである給気配管１８と排気配管１９とを立ち上げ、このうち給気配管１８はその端部を乾燥室２へ出し、ここに手動ダンパー２０をした給気口を形成する。該手動ダンパー２０は手動でなく、電動でもよいが、給気口の空気取り込み量を調整する。   In the drying chamber 2, an air supply pipe 18 and an exhaust pipe 19 which are relatively large-diameter pipes are set up. Among these, the air supply pipe 18 has its end portion exposed to the drying chamber 2, and a manual damper 20 is provided here. Form an air supply port. The manual damper 20 may be electrically operated instead of manually, but the air intake amount of the air supply port is adjusted.

また、排気配管１９はこれを一旦乾燥室２外へ導出し、この導出部分１９ａ内中間ファン２１を配設するとともに導出部分１９ａの先の排気口端は乾燥室２内に開口させる。導出部分１９ａに中間ファン２１を配設するのは乾燥室２内の熱を直接受けないためである。中間ファン２１に変えてブロアーを用いることもできる。   Further, the exhaust pipe 19 once leads out of the drying chamber 2, the intermediate fan 21 in the lead-out portion 19 a is disposed, and the exhaust port end of the lead-out portion 19 a is opened in the drying chamber 2. The reason why the intermediate fan 21 is disposed in the lead-out portion 19a is that the heat in the drying chamber 2 is not directly received. A blower can be used instead of the intermediate fan 21.

前記蛇行排気管１０は、前記給気配管１８と排気配管１９間に架設される。   The meandering exhaust pipe 10 is installed between the air supply pipe 18 and the exhaust pipe 19.

給気配管１８と排気配管１９はそれぞれ一対の筒体６の縦の列に対応して２本づつ立ち上げ、相互に連通させた。   Two air supply pipes 18 and two exhaust pipes 19 were set up corresponding to the vertical rows of the pair of cylinders 6 and communicated with each other.

このようにして、生ゴミ、汚泥等の被乾燥物は投入口７より筒体６内に押し込まれ、スクリューコンベア１２により搬送され、乾燥室２内で加熱（約５００℃）される。   In this way, to-be-dried materials such as raw garbage and sludge are pushed into the cylindrical body 6 from the insertion port 7, conveyed by the screw conveyor 12, and heated (about 500 ° C.) in the drying chamber 2.

なお、前記上下方向に多段に横方向に延長する筒体６の内部に設けるスクリューコンベア１２のスクリュー軸１２ａを中空とし、このスクリュー軸１２ａ内に電気ヒーターを配設してもよい。このようにすれば、スクリューコンベア１２の内側からもスクリュー軸１２ａ内に電気ヒーターで加熱され（約３５０℃）、乾燥が行われる。   In addition, the screw shaft 12a of the screw conveyor 12 provided in the inside of the cylindrical body 6 that extends in the horizontal direction in multiple stages in the vertical direction may be hollow, and an electric heater may be provided in the screw shaft 12a. If it does in this way, it will be heated by the electric heater (about 350 degreeC) in the screw shaft 12a also from the inner side of the screw conveyor 12, and drying will be performed.

このように、筒体６は上下方向に多段に設けられ、端部が交互に上下に連通されて一本に形成されているため、被乾燥物は長距離搬送され、乾燥時間も長くなり、小さな乾燥室であっても十分な乾燥を受ける。   In this way, the cylindrical body 6 is provided in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and since the end portions are alternately communicated in the vertical direction, the object to be dried is transported over a long distance, and the drying time is also increased. Even in a small drying room, it is sufficiently dried.

筒体６内の被乾燥物は投入口７より押し込まれ、スクリューコンベア１２により圧搾されながら搬送されるので、被乾燥物中に含まれる水分及びガスは水蒸気として筒体６内で分離される。そして、分離された水分及びガスは筒体６が受ける熱気で蒸気等のガス化し、排気分岐管９から蛇行排気管１０へと排出される。   Since the material to be dried in the cylinder 6 is pushed in from the insertion port 7 and conveyed while being squeezed by the screw conveyor 12, the moisture and gas contained in the material to be dried are separated in the cylinder 6 as water vapor. The separated moisture and gas are gasified into steam or the like by hot air received by the cylindrical body 6, and are discharged from the exhaust branch pipe 9 to the meandering exhaust pipe 10.

蛇行排気管１０ではさらにガス化した蒸気等は、水蒸気の水分を消失させ、ガスのみを取り出すことができる。このガスは燃料として利用でき、例えば、バーナー５または乾燥室２へのバーナー接続部（管）に送られ、再燃焼させることができる。 Further gasified steam etc. In serpentine exhaust pipe 10, abolished the water vapor, Ru can be taken out only gas. This gas can be used as fuel, for example, sent to the burner 5 or the burner connection (pipe) to the drying chamber 2 and recombusted.

このように、筒体６は上下方向に多段に設けられ、端部が交互に上下に連通されて一本に形成されているため、被乾燥物は長距離搬送され、乾燥時間も長くなり、小さな乾燥室であっても十分な乾燥を受け、かつ炭化される。   In this way, the cylindrical body 6 is provided in multiple stages in the vertical direction, and since the end portions are alternately communicated in the vertical direction, the object to be dried is transported over a long distance, and the drying time is also increased. Even a small drying room is sufficiently dried and carbonized.

さらに、筒体６は直接火炎が当たらず、間接熱によること及び筒体の周囲を細粒体で充填してあることにより、筒体の熱による変形が防止される。   Furthermore, since the cylinder 6 is not directly exposed to flame, it is prevented from being deformed by heat of the cylinder because of indirect heat and by filling the periphery of the cylinder with fine particles.

なお、被乾燥物が、水分の多い生ゴミや、汚泥や鶏糞や食品廃棄物等粘度が高いものであるが、これを単に乾燥させるに留めるか、炭化させるまで加熱させるかは、加える温度の高さや時間の選択による。   The material to be dried is a high-viscosity product such as raw garbage with a lot of moisture, sludge, chicken manure, food waste, etc. Depending on height and time selection.

本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の１実施形態を示す縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view which shows one Embodiment of the drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の１実施形態を示す縦断背面図である。It is a vertical rear view which shows one Embodiment of the drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の１実施形態を示す縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view which shows one Embodiment of the drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の全体の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the whole drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の最上段の筒体の排気分岐管の状態と示す平面図である。It is a top view shown with the state of the exhaust branch pipe of the uppermost cylinder of the drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の最上段の筒体以下の筒体の排気分岐管の状態と示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the state of the exhaust branch pipe of the cylinder below the uppermost cylinder of the drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の１実施形態を示す要部の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the important section showing one embodiment of the drying and carbonization apparatus of the present invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の１実施形態を示す乾燥室の概要を示す縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view which shows the outline | summary of the drying chamber which shows one Embodiment of the drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 本発明の乾燥・炭化装置の１実施形態を示す乾燥室の概要を示す縦断背面図である。It is a vertical rear view which shows the outline | summary of the drying chamber which shows one Embodiment of the drying and carbonization apparatus of this invention. 従来例である生ゴミ乾燥機の一実施の形態を示す部分縦断側面図である。It is a partial vertical side view which shows one Embodiment of the garbage dryer which is a prior art example.

１…脱臭処理室 ２…乾燥室
３…吸引用のブロアー
５…バーナー ６…筒体
６Ａ…連結部
７…投入口 ８…排出口
９…排気分岐管 １０…蛇行排気管
１２…スクリューコンベア １２ａ…スクリュー軸
１２ｂ…スクリュー羽根
１３…モーター １４…チェーン
１５…スプロケット
１６…細粒体 １７…蒸気送出口
１８…給気配管 １９…排気配管
１９ａ…導出部分 ２０…手動ダンパー
２１…中間ファン DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Deodorizing process chamber 2 ... Drying chamber 3 ... Suction blower 5 ... Burner 6 ... Cylindrical body 6A ... Connection part 7 ... Input port 8 ... Discharge port 9 ... Exhaust branch pipe 10 ... Serpentine exhaust pipe 12 ... Screw conveyor 12a ... Screw shaft 12b ... Screw blade 13 ... Motor 14 ... Chain 15 ... Sprocket 16 ... Fine granule 17 ... Steam outlet 18 ... Air supply pipe 19 ... Exhaust pipe 19a ... Outlet part 20 ... Manual damper 21 ... Intermediate fan

Claims (4)

乾燥室内に、上下方向に多段に横方向に延長する内部にスクリューコンベアが内蔵された筒体が設けられると共に、各筒体は端部が上または下の筒体の端部と交互に連通されて一本に形成され、前記スクリューコンベアは往路と復路が上下に交互になるよう配設され、端部の筒体に乾燥室外に通じる投入口が設けられると共に、他の端部の筒体に乾燥室外に通じる排出口が設けられる乾燥・炭化装置において、スクリューコンベアの筒体の上半分に排気分岐管を長さ方向に適宜間隔で取付け、これら排気分岐管を筒体にその長さ方向に併設する蛇行排気管に接続したことを特徴とする乾燥・炭化装置。   In the drying chamber, there are provided cylinders with screw conveyors built in a multi-stage extending vertically in the vertical direction, and each cylinder is alternately communicated with the end of the upper or lower cylinder. The screw conveyor is arranged so that the forward path and the backward path are alternately arranged up and down, and the end cylinder is provided with a charging port leading to the outside of the drying chamber, and the other end cylinder is provided in the cylinder. In a drying / carbonization apparatus provided with a discharge port leading to the outside of the drying chamber, exhaust branch pipes are attached to the upper half of the screw conveyor cylinder at appropriate intervals in the length direction, and these exhaust branch pipes are attached to the cylinder in the length direction. A drying and carbonizing device connected to a meandering exhaust pipe. 上下に並ぶ筒体のうち、最上段の筒体の排気分岐管の数をそれより下段の筒体の排気分岐管の数よりも多くした請求項１記載の乾燥・炭化装置。   2. The drying / carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of exhaust branch pipes in the uppermost cylinder among the upper and lower cylinders is greater than the number of exhaust branch pipes in the lower cylinder. 蛇行排気管は、給気配管と排気配管間に架設され、排気配管はその排気口端をバーナーまたは乾燥室へのバーナー接続部に開口する請求項１または請求項２記載の乾燥・炭化装置。   3. The drying / carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the meandering exhaust pipe is provided between the supply pipe and the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe opens at an exhaust port end to a burner or a burner connection part to the drying chamber. 蛇行排気管は、扁平な角パイプであり、断面横長矩形とする請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれかに記載の乾燥・炭化装置。   The drying / carbonizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the meandering exhaust pipe is a flat rectangular pipe having a rectangular shape in cross section.
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