JP5148224B2 - Lubricating oil for press working and press working method of metal material using the same - Google Patents
Lubricating oil for press working and press working method of metal material using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP5148224B2 JP5148224B2 JP2007243633A JP2007243633A JP5148224B2 JP 5148224 B2 JP5148224 B2 JP 5148224B2 JP 2007243633 A JP2007243633 A JP 2007243633A JP 2007243633 A JP2007243633 A JP 2007243633A JP 5148224 B2 JP5148224 B2 JP 5148224B2
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- oil
- lubricating oil
- lubricating
- metal material
- weight
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 76
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 47
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 34
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 16
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003558 thiocarbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical class FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didodecyl thiobispropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003508 Dilauryl thiodipropionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002656 Distearyl thiodipropionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004164 Wax ester Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AVVIDTZRJBSXML-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-carboxyphenolate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O AVVIDTZRJBSXML-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;diphenoxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N distearyl thiodipropionate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Description
本発明は、防錆鋼板のプレス加工、中でもめっき付着量の少ない電気亜鉛めっき鋼板のプレス加工にも好適に用いられ、加工後の被加工物に残留物を殆ど残さず速乾性及び潤滑性に優れた非塩素系の潤滑油と、該潤滑油を用いた金属材料の加工方法に関する。 The present invention is also suitably used for press-working of rust-proof steel sheets, especially electrogalvanized steel sheets with a small amount of coating, and is capable of quick drying and lubricity with almost no residue remaining on the work piece after processing. The present invention relates to an excellent non-chlorine lubricant and a method for processing a metal material using the lubricant.
自動車、建材、家電、電子機器等用として使用される金属材料は、絞り加工、曲げ加工、ブランク加工、ピアス加工、トリミング加工、カシメ加工、コンパウンド加工、バーリング加工などの、主にプレス加工によって所定形状に加工される。ところで、このような金属材料のプレス加工では、被加工物と金型又は工具との間における摩擦熱、及び被加工物の割れや加工面のバリ、ダレなどの発生を抑制するために、加工に際して金属材料と金型又は工具との間に潤滑油を供給する。これによって、摩擦熱による金型や工具の摩耗抑制、及び加工品の精度向上が図られている。 Metal materials used for automobiles, building materials, home appliances, electronic devices, etc. are specified mainly by pressing, such as drawing, bending, blanking, piercing, trimming, caulking, compounding, and burring. Processed into shape. By the way, in the press working of such a metal material, in order to suppress the generation of frictional heat between the work piece and the mold or the tool, and cracks of the work piece, burrs and sag of the work surface, At this time, lubricating oil is supplied between the metal material and the mold or tool. As a result, wear of the mold and tool due to frictional heat is suppressed, and accuracy of the processed product is improved.
自動車部品等の金属材料としては圧延鋼板が使用されることが多いが、圧延鋼板のなかでも防錆鋼板の需要が高まってきている。防錆鋼板には、電気亜鉛めっき鋼板、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、亜鉛−ニッケル合金電気めっき鋼板、及び有機複合めっき鋼板などがあるが、特に電気亜鉛めっき鋼板は表面が平滑美麗、溶接容易、塗装容易、加工性良好、比較的安価などの特徴から自動車用鋼板や自動車用部品として多用されている。ここで、電気亜鉛メッキ鋼板の中でもめっき付着量の異なる種々のグレードのものがあり、ＪＩＳ Ｇ３３１３では電気亜鉛めっき鋼板における標準めっき付着量が３〜５０ｇ／ｍ２の間で段階的に規定されている。電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工するとき、被膜層の軟金属（亜鉛）が潤滑性に寄与するので、基本的には他の圧延鋼板などと比べて加工性が良い。しかし、電気亜鉛めっき鋼板は、そのめっき付着量が少なくなるにつれて加工性が低下することが知られている。すなわち、めっき付着量の比較的少ない電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工すると、加工面におけるバリや被加工物の割れなどが生じ易い。また、防錆鋼板をプレス加工する際の潤滑性が悪いと、パンチなどの加工工具との摩擦力によってカスが発生し、被加工物や工具などの表面に付着堆積する。被加工物の表面にカスが付着していると、品質向上のためカスを洗浄する必要があるが、当該洗浄工程が煩雑でありコストも嵩む。また、工具や金型の表面にカスが堆積すると、短い期間で洗浄や部品交換を行う必要があり、型保全費が嵩む。したがって、めっき付着量の少ない電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工する際は、一般的な圧延鋼板をプレス加工する際の潤滑油よりもさらに良好な潤滑性及び耐焼付性が求められる。 Rolled steel sheets are often used as metal materials for automobile parts and the like, but the demand for rust-proof steel sheets is increasing among the rolled steel sheets. Anti-corrosion steel sheets include electrogalvanized steel sheets, hot dip galvanized steel sheets, zinc-nickel alloy electroplated steel sheets, and organic composite plated steel sheets. Especially, electrogalvanized steel sheets have a smooth surface, are easy to weld, and are easy to paint. It is widely used as a steel sheet for automobiles and parts for automobiles because of its good workability and relatively low cost. Here, among the electrogalvanized steel sheets, there are various grades having different plating adhesion amounts. In JIS G3313, the standard plating adhesion amount in the electrogalvanized steel sheets is defined in a stepwise manner between 3 to 50 g / m 2. Yes. When press-working an electrogalvanized steel sheet, the soft metal (zinc) of the coating layer contributes to lubricity, so that the workability is basically better than other rolled steel sheets. However, it is known that the workability of the electrogalvanized steel sheet decreases as the amount of plating adhesion decreases. That is, when an electrogalvanized steel sheet with a relatively small amount of plating is pressed, burrs on the processed surface and cracks on the workpiece are likely to occur. Moreover, when the lubricity at the time of press-working a rust-proof steel plate is bad, debris will generate | occur | produce with the frictional force with processing tools, such as a punch, and it will adhere and accumulate on the surface of a workpiece or a tool. If debris adheres to the surface of the work piece, it is necessary to wash the debris for quality improvement, but the washing process is complicated and expensive. In addition, when debris accumulates on the surface of a tool or a mold, it is necessary to perform cleaning or replacement of parts in a short period of time, which increases mold maintenance costs. Therefore, when press-working an electrogalvanized steel sheet with a small coating amount, better lubricity and seizure resistance are required than the lubricating oil used when pressing a general rolled steel sheet.
これに対し従来では、金属材料のプレス加工の際に使用される潤滑油として、耐焼付性や潤滑性に優れている塩素系潤滑油が使用されることが多かった。しかし、塩素系潤滑油は、加工時あるいは経時的にその中に含まれる塩素系添加剤成分が分解して被加工物や工具を錆びさせる問題点が指摘されている。また、塩素系潤滑油は、焼却処理時におけるダイオキシン等の有害物質の発生や、焼却炉の腐食・損傷等の問題が指摘されている。したがって、塩素系の物質を含有せず、しかも、塩素系潤滑油と同等の耐焼付性や潤滑性を有する金属材料加工用潤滑油が望まれている。そこで、塩素系の添加剤を含有しない金属材料加工用潤滑油として、例えば特許文献１及び２に記載のものが提案されている。特許文献１に記載の潤滑油は、潤滑油基油に（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤、（ｂ）有機亜鉛化合物及び／又は有機モリブデン化合物、及び（ｃ）イミド系添加剤を配合してなる切削加工用の潤滑油である。特許文献２に記載の潤滑油は、過塩基性金属のスルホネートと硫黄系極圧剤等を含有した切削加工油剤組成物について開示されている。 On the other hand, conventionally, a chlorine-based lubricating oil that is excellent in seizure resistance and lubricity is often used as a lubricating oil used in the press working of a metal material. However, it has been pointed out that the chlorine-based lubricating oil has a problem that the chlorine-based additive component contained therein is decomposed during processing or over time to rust the work piece or tool. In addition, chlorinated lubricants have been pointed out as problems such as the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin during incineration and corrosion / damage of incinerators. Therefore, there is a demand for a lubricating oil for processing a metal material that does not contain a chlorine-based substance and has seizure resistance and lubricity equivalent to that of a chlorine-based lubricating oil. Thus, for example, those disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed as lubricants for processing metal materials that do not contain chlorine-based additives. The lubricating oil described in Patent Document 1 is obtained by blending (a) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, (b) an organic zinc compound and / or an organic molybdenum compound, and (c) an imide-based additive into a lubricating base oil. Lubricating oil for cutting. The lubricating oil described in Patent Document 2 is disclosed for a cutting oil composition containing an overbased metal sulfonate and a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent.
また、一般に金属材料加工用の潤滑油は不揮発性であるが、近年、生産工程の簡略化や環境問題の観点から、後工程における洗浄工程を省略できるタイプの加工用潤滑油が開発されている。具体的には、潤滑油基油が常温常圧の室内環境にて数時間〜数日放置すると、自然蒸発して不揮発分がほとんど無くなる基油を使用して、後工程を無洗浄にした速乾性潤滑油が実用化されている。しかし、この自然蒸発可能な速乾性潤滑油は潤滑性が低い傾向にあり、被加工物の欠損や金型寿命の低下を防ぐため、やはり従来では潤滑性能が良好な塩素系添加剤を添加した塩素系速乾性潤滑油が一般的であった。しかし、このような速乾性潤滑油も、塩素系であることにより上記と同様の問題を有する。そこで、非塩素系とした速乾性潤滑油が例えば特許文献３に提案されている。特許文献３の非塩素系速乾性潤滑油は、炭素数が６〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素の１または２以上の混合物を主成分とする基油に、この基油に対して０．１〜１重量％のフッ化黒鉛を配合している。 In general, lubricating oil for processing metal materials is non-volatile, but in recent years, a type of processing lubricating oil has been developed that can eliminate the cleaning process in the subsequent process from the viewpoint of simplifying the production process and environmental issues. . Specifically, when the base oil of the lubricating oil is left for several hours to several days in a room temperature and normal pressure indoor environment, it uses a base oil that spontaneously evaporates and has almost no non-volatile content. Dry lubricating oil has been put into practical use. However, this self-evaporable quick-drying lubricating oil tends to have low lubricity, and in order to prevent the loss of workpieces and the decrease in mold life, a chlorine-based additive with good lubricating performance has been added. Chlorine quick-drying lubricants were common. However, such a quick-drying lubricating oil also has the same problem as described above due to being chlorine-based. Therefore, for example, Patent Document 3 proposes a quick-drying lubricating oil that is non-chlorine. The non-chlorine quick-drying lubricating oil of Patent Document 3 is a base oil mainly composed of a mixture of one or two or more paraffinic hydrocarbons having 6 to 16 carbon atoms. 1% by weight of fluorinated graphite is blended.
しかし、上記特許文献１及び２に記載の金属材料加工用潤滑油は、鉱油を主体成分としているので臭気が悪く、鉱油は一般的に動粘度が高いので加工機器でのフィルター詰まりや洗浄性が悪い。また、特許文献１や２に記載の潤滑油は切削加工用の潤滑油であり、金属材料のプレス加工、特に、めっき付着量の少ない電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工用するための潤滑油として使用するには、耐焼付性や潤滑性が不十分であり、生産性が低下することが懸念される。そもそも特許文献１や２に記載の潤滑油は速乾性潤滑油ではないので、加工後に洗浄工程を要する。 However, since the lubricating oil for metal material processing described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 has mineral oil as a main component, the odor is bad, and mineral oil generally has a high kinematic viscosity, so filter clogging and detergency in processing equipment are poor. bad. Further, the lubricating oil described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a lubricating oil for cutting, and is used as a lubricating oil for pressing metal materials, particularly for electrogalvanized steel sheets with a small amount of plating adhesion. Therefore, there is a concern that the seizure resistance and lubricity are insufficient and the productivity is lowered. In the first place, since the lubricating oil described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is not a quick-drying lubricating oil, a cleaning step is required after processing.
特許文献３の非塩素系速乾性潤滑油は、曲げ加工において求められる潤滑性を満足するものの、やはりめっき付着量の少ない電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工用するための潤滑油として使用するには、耐焼付性や潤滑性が不十分である。そこで、これの解決策として、単純には潤滑成分の添加量を増加させることが考えられる。しかし、比較的多量の添加剤を添加すると、基油が蒸発した後に潤滑成分が被加工物や工具などの表面に残留し、結局は洗浄工程が必要になるという問題を有する。すなわち、潤滑油の速乾性を最大限発揮させて加工後の洗浄工程を不要とするなら、潤滑成分はできるだけ少ない方が良い。反面、加工時の潤滑性や耐焼付性を重視すると、潤滑成分はできるだけ多い方が良い。 Although the non-chlorine quick-drying lubricating oil of Patent Document 3 satisfies the lubricity required in bending, to use it as a lubricating oil for press working an electrogalvanized steel sheet with a small amount of plating, Seizure resistance and lubricity are insufficient. Therefore, as a solution to this, it is conceivable to simply increase the amount of the lubricating component added. However, when a relatively large amount of additive is added, the lubricating component remains on the surface of the workpiece or tool after the base oil evaporates, which eventually requires a cleaning process. That is, it is preferable that the lubricating component is as small as possible if the quick-drying property of the lubricating oil is maximized to eliminate the need for a cleaning step after processing. On the other hand, when emphasizing lubricity and seizure resistance during processing, it is better to have as many lubricating components as possible.
そこで、このような事情に鑑みて本発明者らが鋭意検討の結果、速乾性に優れる基油に、できるだけ潤滑性及び耐焼付性などに優れる潤滑成分を、加工後の洗浄工程に悪影響を及ぼさない程度の最低限の量添加することで、上記課題を解決できることを知見し、本発明を完成させるに至った。すなわち本発明の目的は、加工性が劣るめっき付着量の低い電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工する場合においても、良好な耐焼付性や潤滑性を有するとともに、臭気が良好で速乾性にも優れる環境に優しい非塩素系の潤滑油を提供することにある。 Therefore, in view of such circumstances, as a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, a lubricating component that is as excellent in lubricity and seizure resistance as possible in a base oil excellent in quick-drying is adversely affected in the cleaning process after processing. The inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by adding a minimum amount so that the present invention is completed. That is, the object of the present invention is to provide an environment that has good seizure resistance and lubricity, good odor and excellent quick drying even when press-working electrogalvanized steel sheets with low coating weight and poor workability. It is to provide a non-chlorine lubricant that is gentle to the environment.
本発明のプレス加工用の潤滑油は、めっき付着量が４０ｇ／ｍ２未満の電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工する際に使用される。当該潤滑油は、パラフィン系炭化水素からなる基油に、潤滑成分として潤滑油全量基準で４〜７重量％の調整油を配合して成る。その調整油は、（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤と、（ｂ）カルシウム系添加剤とを含み、以下の条件、
（ａ）成分の硫黄含有量が、調整油全量基準で、６〜７重量％、
（ｂ）成分のカルシウム含有量が、調整油全量基準で、０．５〜１．０重量％、
を満たしている。
The lubricating oil for press working of the present invention is used when press-working an electrogalvanized steel sheet having a plating adhesion amount of less than 40 g / m 2 . The lubricating oil is formed by blending 4 to 7% by weight of a conditioning oil as a lubricating component with a base oil composed of paraffinic hydrocarbons based on the total amount of lubricating oil. The conditioning oil contains (a) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent and (b) a calcium-based additive,
(A) The sulfur content of the component is 6 to 7% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil,
(B) The calcium content of the component is 0.5 to 1.0% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil,
Meet.
潤滑油の基油は、炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素の１種または２種以上の混合油で、かつ沸点が２１０℃以下であることが好ましく、金属材料をプレス加工後、被加工材料に付着している油が常温常圧下で２４時間以内に自然蒸発することが好ましい。 The base oil of the lubricating oil is a mixed oil of one or more paraffinic hydrocarbons having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, and preferably has a boiling point of 210 ° C. or lower, and after the metal material is pressed, the workpiece is processed It is preferable that the oil adhering to the material evaporates spontaneously within 24 hours at room temperature and normal pressure.
また、本発明によれば、金属材料と該金属材料をプレス加工するための工具との間に、上記プレス加工用の潤滑油を供給する工程を有する、金属材料のプレス加工方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, there is also provided a metal material pressing method comprising the step of supplying the press working lubricant between a metal material and a tool for pressing the metal material. Can do.
本発明の潤滑油は非塩素系なので、加工時あるいは経時的に工具や金型などを錆びさせることがなく、環境にも優しい。そのうえで、潤滑成分として優れた潤滑性及び耐焼付性を有するような組成に調整された調整油を、潤滑油全量基準で４〜７重量％配合しているので、加工時に良好な潤滑性及び耐焼付性を担保できる。これにより、加工性に劣るめっき付着量の少ない電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工する場合にも、加工面のバリやダレ、被加工物の割れなどが生じていない品質の高い製品を得ることができる。しかも、潤滑成分が多くても潤滑油全量基準で７重量％しか配合されていないことから、基油の速乾性が阻害されることがなく、かつ蒸発後に被加工物の表面などに残留する残留物量が少ないので、加工後の洗浄工程を省略することができる。潤滑油基油としてパラフィン系炭化水素を使用しているので、臭気も良好である。 Since the lubricating oil of the present invention is non-chlorine, it does not rust tools or molds during processing or over time, and is environmentally friendly. In addition, since 4 to 7% by weight of the adjustment oil adjusted to a composition having excellent lubricity and seizure resistance as a lubricating component is blended based on the total amount of the lubricating oil, good lubricity and anti-resistance during processing. The seizure property can be secured. This makes it possible to obtain a high-quality product that does not cause burrs or sagging on the processed surface or cracks in the work piece even when press-working an electrogalvanized steel sheet with a low coating amount that is inferior in workability. . Moreover, even if there are many lubricating components, only 7% by weight based on the total amount of lubricating oil is blended, so that the quick-drying property of the base oil is not hindered and remains on the surface of the workpiece after evaporation. Since the quantity is small, the cleaning step after processing can be omitted. Odor is also good because paraffinic hydrocarbons are used as the lubricating base oil.
炭素数が８〜１６で沸点が２１０℃以下のパラフィン系炭化水素を使用すれば、より臭気が良好であり、かつ沸点が低いので速乾性に優れる。また、常温常圧下で２４時間以内に蒸発すれば、一般的な金属材料の生産過程において次工程への移行時間の最大である２４時間以内に被加工物に付着した潤滑油を蒸発させることができ、生産ラインを被加工物の乾燥のためにストップする必要がない。 If a paraffinic hydrocarbon having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and a boiling point of 210 ° C. or lower is used, the odor is better and the boiling point is low, so that quick drying is excellent. Also, if it evaporates within 24 hours under normal temperature and normal pressure, the lubricating oil adhering to the workpiece can be evaporated within 24 hours, which is the maximum time for transition to the next process in the production process of general metal materials. And there is no need to stop the production line to dry the workpiece.
金属材料の生産工程において、金属材料と該金属材料をプレス加工するための工具との間に、上記のうような潤滑油を供給する工程を有していれば、被加工物の加工性や金型及び工具の寿命を向上できる。 In the production process of the metal material, if there is a step of supplying the lubricating oil as described above between the metal material and a tool for pressing the metal material, the workability of the work piece and The life of molds and tools can be improved.
［金属材料について］
本発明の加工対象となる金属材料としては、自動車、建材、家電、電子機器などの分野で広く使用されている、ステンレス鋼、合金鋼、炭素鋼などの一般的な圧延鋼板を使用できるが、中でも厳しい環境に晒される自動車においてよく使用され、被膜層の軟金属が潤滑性に寄与することで加工性の良い防錆鋼板が好適である。防錆鋼板としては、電気亜鉛めっき鋼板、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、亜鉛−ニッケル合金鋼板、有機複合めっき鋼板などがあるが、中でも表面が平滑美麗、溶接容易、塗装容易、加工性良好、比較的安価などの特徴から近年その需要が高まっている電気亜鉛めっき鋼板が好ましい。電気亜鉛めっき鋼板のめっき付着量も種々のものがあり、ＪＩＳ Ｇ３３１３では標準めっき付着量が３ｇ／ｍ２のＥＢ、標準めっき付着量が１０ｇ／ｍ２のＥ８、標準めっき付着量が２０ｇ／ｍ２のＥ１６、標準めっき付着量が３０ｇ／ｍ２のＥ２４、標準めっき付着量が４０ｇ／ｍ２のＥ３２、標準めっき付着量が５０ｇ／ｍ２のＥ４０が規定されている。電気亜鉛めっき鋼板を加工するとき、皮膜層の軟金属である亜鉛が潤滑性に寄与し得るが、反面、めっき付着量が少なくなるにつれて加工性が低下する。しかし、本発明の潤滑油は良好な潤滑性が担保されているので、めっき付着量が４０ｇ／ｍ２未満、少なくともめっき付着量が２０ｇ／ｍ２の電気亜鉛めっき鋼板の加工に際しても問題なく加工できる。したがって、本発明の潤滑油は、特にめっき付着量が４０ｇ／ｍ２未満の電気亜鉛めっき鋼板の加工に対して好適に使用できる。なお、外国製の電気亜鉛めっき鋼板にはめっき付着量が上記ＪＩＳ規格外のものも存在し得るが、めっき付着量が４０ｇ／ｍ２未満の電気亜鉛めっき鋼板であれば、ＪＩＳ規格品とＪＩＳ規格外品とを問わず好適に使用できる。
[About metal materials]
As a metal material to be processed of the present invention, a general rolled steel sheet such as stainless steel, alloy steel, carbon steel, which is widely used in the fields of automobiles, building materials, home appliances, electronic equipment, etc. can be used. Among them, a rust-proof steel plate that is often used in automobiles exposed to harsh environments and has good workability because the soft metal of the coating layer contributes to lubricity is suitable. Examples of rust-proof steel sheets include electrogalvanized steel sheets, hot-dip galvanized steel sheets, zinc-nickel alloy steel sheets, and organic composite plated steel sheets, but the surface is smooth and beautiful, easy to weld, easy to paint, good workability, and relatively inexpensive. Electrogalvanized steel sheets, whose demand has been increasing in recent years due to such features as these, are preferred. There are various types of electrogalvanized steel sheet coatings. In JIS G3313, standard plating deposition is 3g / m 2 EB, standard plating deposition is 10g / m 2 E8, and standard plating deposition is 20g / m. 2 of E16, E24 standard coating weight of 30 g / m 2, a standard coating weight of 40 g / m 2 E32, standard coating weight is defined the E40 of 50 g / m 2. When processing an electrogalvanized steel sheet, zinc, which is a soft metal of the coating layer, can contribute to lubricity, but on the other hand, the workability decreases as the coating amount decreases. However, since the lubricating oil of the present invention ensures good lubricity, there is no problem even when processing an electrogalvanized steel sheet having a plating adhesion amount of less than 40 g / m 2 and at least a plating adhesion amount of 20 g / m 2. it can. Therefore, the lubricating oil of the present invention can be suitably used particularly for processing an electrogalvanized steel sheet having a plating adhesion amount of less than 40 g / m 2 . In addition, foreign electrogalvanized steel sheets may have a coating adhesion amount other than the above JIS standard, but if the electroplating steel sheet has a plating adhesion amount of less than 40 g / m 2 , it is a JIS standard product and JIS standard product. It can be suitably used regardless of non-standard products.
また、本発明の潤滑油は、ファインブランキング加工（ＦＢ加工）、絞り加工、曲げ加工、ブランク加工、ピアス加工、トリミング加工、カシメ加工、コンパウンド加工、バーリング加工などのプレス加工で使用することができる。このように、電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工することによって、例えばハウジングバルブ、オイルフィルタ、プレートエンド、プレートロックなどの自動車製品を成形することができる。 Further, the lubricating oil of the present invention can be used in press processing such as fine blanking processing (FB processing), drawing processing, bending processing, blank processing, piercing processing, trimming processing, caulking processing, compound processing, and burring processing. it can. Thus, by pressing the electrogalvanized steel sheet, automobile products such as a housing valve, an oil filter, a plate end, and a plate lock can be formed.
プレス加工後の処理工程としては、一般的には加工物に付着した潤滑油を脱脂・洗浄する工程、防錆油を塗布して加工物の錆対策をする工程、めっき処理や塗装をする工程、熱処理をして加工物の強度を確保する工程、他の金属部品との溶接工程などがある。しかし本発明の潤滑油は、主体成分である基油は自然蒸発により消失し、その際の残留物も少量なので洗浄工程を省略することができる。また、残留物量が少ないので、加工後に被加工物表面を塗装をする場合でも、塗装斑が生じ難い。 Processes after pressing are generally degreasing and washing the lubricating oil adhering to the workpiece, applying rust preventive oil to prevent rust on the workpiece, and plating and painting There are a process for securing the strength of the workpiece by heat treatment, a welding process with other metal parts, and the like. However, in the lubricating oil of the present invention, the base oil, which is the main component, disappears by natural evaporation, and the residue at that time is small, so that the washing step can be omitted. Further, since the amount of the residue is small, even when the surface of the workpiece is painted after the processing, it is difficult to generate coating spots.
次に潤滑油について詳しく説明する。本発明の潤滑油は、パラフィン系炭化水素からなる基油に、潤滑成分として適量の調整油を配合して成る。調整油には、（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤及び（ｂ）カルシウム系添加剤とを必須成分として添加されている。 Next, the lubricating oil will be described in detail. The lubricating oil of the present invention is formed by blending an appropriate amount of adjusting oil as a lubricating component with a base oil composed of paraffinic hydrocarbons. To the adjustment oil, (a) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent and (b) a calcium-based additive are added as essential components.
［基油について］
本発明の主体成分である基油は、一般式ＣｎＨ２ｎ＋２で表されるパラフィン系炭化水素（鎖式飽和炭化水素）であり、直鎖状炭化水素（ノルマルパラフィン）、分枝鎖状炭化水素（イソパラフィン）、及び環状炭化水素（シクロパラフィン）を含む。中でも炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素が好ましく、具体的には、オクタン（炭素数８）、ノナン（炭素数９）、デカン（炭素数１０）、ウンデカン（炭素数１１）、ドデカン（炭素数１２）、トリデカン（炭素数１３）、テトラデカン（炭素数１４）、ペンタデカン（炭素数１５）、ヘキサデカン（炭素数１６）とこれらの異性体であって、これらから選ばれる１種を使用してもよいし、２種以上の混合油を使用してもよい。しかし、１種のパラフィン系炭化水素のみで基油とする場合は、後述の特性により炭素数１３以下とすることが好ましい。なお、炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素は、常温において液体状である。
[About base oil]
The base oil which is the main component of the present invention is a paraffinic hydrocarbon (chain saturated hydrocarbon) represented by the general formula C n H 2n + 2 , a straight chain hydrocarbon (normal paraffin), a branched chain carbonization. Includes hydrogen (isoparaffin) and cyclic hydrocarbons (cycloparaffin). Among them, paraffin hydrocarbons having 8 to 16 carbon atoms are preferable. Specifically, octane (carbon number 8), nonane (carbon number 9), decane (carbon number 10), undecane (carbon number 11), dodecane (carbon). 12), tridecane (carbon number 13), tetradecane (carbon number 14), pentadecane (carbon number 15), hexadecane (carbon number 16) and their isomers, using one selected from these Alternatively, two or more mixed oils may be used. However, when the base oil is made of only one kind of paraffinic hydrocarbon, the number of carbon atoms is preferably 13 or less due to the characteristics described later. In addition, a C8-C16 paraffin hydrocarbon is a liquid state at normal temperature.
パラフィン系炭化水素は、これの炭素数が高いほどその沸点も高くなる傾向にある。したがって、炭素数が１６より大きいパラフィン系炭化水素は沸点が高く蒸発速度が遅いことに加え、一般的に常温において固体なので、これだけでは潤滑油基油として不適である。また、同様の理由から炭素数が１６に近いパラフィン系炭化水素も単体で使用するには難があるので、混合油として使用することが好ましい。炭素数が８より小さいパラフィン系炭化水素は、沸点が低い点では好ましいが、臭気が悪いという不都合がある。したがって、臭気さえ気にしなければ、炭素数５〜７のパラフィン系炭化水素も本実施形態の潤滑油基油として使用することも不可能ではない。しかし、炭素数１〜４のパラフィン系炭化水素は常温において気体なので、潤滑油基油として使用不可能である。炭素数８〜１３のパラフィン系炭化水素であれば、速乾性が特に優れる。 Paraffinic hydrocarbons tend to have higher boiling points as their carbon number increases. Accordingly, paraffinic hydrocarbons having a carbon number greater than 16 have a high boiling point and a low evaporation rate, and are generally solid at room temperature, so that they are not suitable as a lubricating base oil. For the same reason, paraffinic hydrocarbons having a carbon number close to 16 are difficult to use alone, and are therefore preferably used as a mixed oil. Paraffin hydrocarbons having a carbon number of less than 8 are preferable in terms of low boiling point, but have the disadvantage of bad odor. Therefore, it is not impossible to use paraffinic hydrocarbons having 5 to 7 carbon atoms as the lubricating base oil of this embodiment unless the odor is concerned. However, since C1-C4 paraffin hydrocarbon is a gas at normal temperature, it cannot be used as a lubricating base oil. If it is a C8-C13 paraffin hydrocarbon, quick-drying property is especially excellent.
よって、炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素を基油とすれば、臭気及び速乾性が良好な潤滑油とすることができる。その場合、パラフィン系炭化水素の沸点は２１０℃以下とすることが好ましい。沸点が２１０℃以下であれば、常温常圧における揮発性が高くなるので、加工物に付着した潤滑油を数時間〜２４時間以内に自然蒸発させることができる。これにより、一般的な金属材料の生産過程において、加工した後、次工程へ移行させるまでに加工物に付着した潤滑油をほとんど揮発させることができ、生産ラインを加工物の乾燥のためにストップする必要がない。揮発性が高い、すなわち速乾性が良ければ、沸点の下限は特に限定されることはないが、本実施形態の潤滑油の中で最も沸点の低い炭素数８のパラフィン系炭化水素の沸点は、約７０℃である。 Therefore, if the paraffinic hydrocarbon having 8 to 16 carbon atoms is used as the base oil, a lubricating oil having good odor and quick drying property can be obtained. In that case, the boiling point of the paraffinic hydrocarbon is preferably 210 ° C. or lower. If the boiling point is 210 ° C. or lower, the volatility at normal temperature and normal pressure is increased, so that the lubricating oil adhering to the workpiece can be naturally evaporated within several hours to 24 hours. As a result, in the production process of general metal materials, the lubricating oil adhering to the work piece can be almost volatilized after processing and before moving to the next process, and the production line is stopped for drying the work piece. There is no need to do. If the volatility is high, that is, quick drying is good, the lower limit of the boiling point is not particularly limited, but the boiling point of the C8 paraffinic hydrocarbon having the lowest boiling point in the lubricating oil of the present embodiment is About 70 ° C.
［調製油について］
本発明の調製油は、上記基油に付加的な性能を付与するために必要最低限量配合されるものである。潤滑油全量に対する調整油量が少量であることから、潤滑油全体に対する調整油の臭気の影響は小さい。したがって、調整油の基油となる油は特に制限されることなく、一般的に金属加工油として用いられている鉱油、合成油、及び油脂の中から選ばれる１種又は２種以上の混合油を使用できる。とくに、臭気の悪い鉱油であっても、潤滑油としての臭気には影響が小さい。
[Regarding prepared oil]
The prepared oil of the present invention is blended in the minimum amount necessary for imparting additional performance to the base oil. Since the amount of the adjustment oil relative to the total amount of the lubricating oil is small, the influence of the odor of the adjustment oil on the entire lubricating oil is small. Therefore, the oil used as the base oil of the adjustment oil is not particularly limited, and one or more mixed oils selected from mineral oils, synthetic oils and fats and oils generally used as metalworking oils Can be used. In particular, even a mineral oil having a bad odor has little influence on the odor as a lubricating oil.
鉱油としては、石油精製業の潤滑油製造プロセスで常法を用いて精製される鉱油を使用することができる。より具体的には、原油を常圧蒸留および減圧蒸留して得られた潤滑油留分を、溶剤脱れき、溶剤抽出、水素化分解、溶剤脱ろう、接触脱ろう、水素化精製、硫酸洗浄、白土処理などの処理を１つ以上行って精製したものなどが挙げられる。合成油としては、例えばポリα−オレフィン、α−オレフィンコポリマー、ポリブテン、アルキルベンゼン、ポリオキシアルキレングリコール、ポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル、シリコーンオイルなどを挙げることができる。油脂としては、例えば牛脂、豚脂、大豆油、菜種油、米ぬか油、ヤシ油、パーム油、パーム核油、並びにこれらの水素化物などを挙げることができる。 As mineral oil, mineral oil refine | purified using a conventional method in the lubricating oil manufacturing process of a petroleum refinery industry can be used. More specifically, a lubricating oil fraction obtained by subjecting crude oil to atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation is subjected to solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, and sulfuric acid washing. , Purified by performing one or more treatments such as white clay treatment. Examples of the synthetic oil include poly α-olefin, α-olefin copolymer, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene glycol ether, and silicone oil. Examples of the fats and oils include beef tallow, lard, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, and hydrides thereof.
次に、調製油に配合される必須成分、すなわち（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤と（ｂ）カルシウム系添加剤とについて説明する。これらの添加剤を適量添加することで、潤滑性や耐焼付性に優れた調製油を得ることができる。 Next, the essential components blended in the prepared oil, that is, (a) the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent and (b) the calcium-based additive will be described. By adding an appropriate amount of these additives, a prepared oil excellent in lubricity and seizure resistance can be obtained.
［（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤について］
硫黄系極圧剤としては、硫黄原子を有し、極圧効果を発揮しうるものを使用することができる。硫黄系極圧剤の具体例としては、例えば、硫化油脂、硫化脂肪酸、硫化エステル、硫化オレフィン、ポリサルファイド類、チオカーバメート類、硫化鉱油などを挙げることができる。ここで、硫化油脂は硫黄と油脂（ラード油，鯨油，植物油，魚油等）を反応させて得られるものである。その具体例としては、硫化ラード、硫化なたね油、硫化ひまし油、硫化大豆油などを挙げることができる。硫化脂肪酸の例としては、硫化オレイン酸などを、硫化エステルの例としては、硫化オレイン酸メチルや硫化米ぬか脂肪酸オクチルなどを挙げることができる。
[(A) Sulfur-based extreme pressure agent]
As a sulfur type extreme pressure agent, what has a sulfur atom and can exhibit an extreme pressure effect can be used. Specific examples of the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent include sulfurized fats and oils, sulfurized fatty acids, sulfurized esters, sulfurized olefins, polysulfides, thiocarbamates, and sulfurized mineral oils. Here, sulfurized fats and oils are obtained by reacting sulfur with fats and oils (lard oil, whale oil, vegetable oil, fish oil, etc.). Specific examples thereof include sulfurized lard, sulfurized rapeseed oil, sulfurized castor oil, and sulfurized soybean oil. Examples of the sulfurized fatty acid include sulfurized oleic acid, and examples of the sulfurized ester include sulfurized methyl oleate and sulfurized rice bran fatty acid octyl.
その他、硫黄系極圧剤の具体例としては、その分子内に硫黄原子を有する有機亜鉛化合物、例えば、ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛（以下、ＺｎＤＴＰという。）、及び、ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛（以下、ＺｎＤＴＣという。）を挙げることができる。ＺｎＤＴＰ、及び、ＺｎＤＴＣのアルキル基は、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。すなわち、ＺｎＤＴＰの構造式では、リン原子に対して酸素原子を介して２つのアルキル基が結合しているが、これらのアルキル基は、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。また、ＺｎＤＴＣの構造式では、窒素原子に対して２つのアルキル基が結合しているが、これらのアルキル基は、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。ＺｎＤＴＰ及びＺｎＤＴＣのアルキル基は、炭素数３以上のアルキル基又はアリール基が好ましい。 Other specific examples of sulfur-based extreme pressure agents include organozinc compounds having sulfur atoms in their molecules, such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (hereinafter referred to as ZnDTP) and zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate (hereinafter referred to as ZnDTC). .). The alkyl groups of ZnDTP and ZnDTC may be the same or different. That is, in the structural formula of ZnDTP, two alkyl groups are bonded to the phosphorus atom via an oxygen atom, and these alkyl groups may be the same or different. In the structural formula of ZnDTC, two alkyl groups are bonded to the nitrogen atom, but these alkyl groups may be the same or different. The alkyl group of ZnDTP and ZnDTC is preferably an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms or an aryl group.
硫化オレフィンは、炭素数２〜１５のオレフィン又はその２〜４量体を、硫黄、塩化硫黄等の硫化剤と反応させることによって得られる。ポリサルファイド類の具体例としては、ジベンジルポリサルファイド、ジ−ｔｅｒｔ−ノニルポリサルファイド、ジドデシルポリサルファイド、ジ−ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルポリサルファイド、ジオクチルポリサルファイド、ジフェニルポリサルファイド、ジシクロヘキシルポリサルファイドなどを挙げることができる。チオカーバメート類の具体例としては、ジンクジチオカーバメート、ジラウリルチオジプロピオネート、ジステアリルチオジプロピオネートなどを挙げることができる。硫化鉱油とは、鉱油に単体硫黄を溶解させたものをいう。単体硫黄を溶解させる鉱油は特に制限はないが、例えば、上記基油の説明において例示された鉱油系潤滑油基油を使用することができる。 The sulfurized olefin is obtained by reacting an olefin having 2 to 15 carbon atoms or a dimer or tetramer thereof with a sulfurizing agent such as sulfur or sulfur chloride. Specific examples of the polysulfides include dibenzyl polysulfide, di-tert-nonyl polysulfide, didodecyl polysulfide, di-tert-butyl polysulfide, dioctyl polysulfide, diphenyl polysulfide, and dicyclohexyl polysulfide. Specific examples of thiocarbamates include zinc dithiocarbamate, dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, and the like. Sulfided mineral oil refers to one obtained by dissolving elemental sulfur in mineral oil. The mineral oil that dissolves the elemental sulfur is not particularly limited, and for example, the mineral oil base oil exemplified in the description of the base oil can be used.
本発明において、上記（ａ）成分は１種用いてもよく、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、その硫黄含有量は、調製油全量基準で６〜７重量％とすることが好ましい。硫黄含有量が調整油全量基準で６重量％未満であると、潤滑性能を有効に発揮できない場合がある。硫黄含有量が調整油全量基準で７重量％を超えると、潤滑性能は向上するが、防錆性が低下したり、潤滑油の速乾性を阻害するおそれがある。 In this invention, the said (a) component may be used 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Moreover, it is preferable that the sulfur content shall be 6-7 weight% on the basis of preparation oil whole quantity. If the sulfur content is less than 6% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil, the lubricating performance may not be exhibited effectively. If the sulfur content exceeds 7% by weight on the basis of the total amount of the adjustment oil, the lubrication performance is improved, but the rust prevention property may be deteriorated or the quick drying property of the lubricating oil may be impaired.
［（ｂ）カルシウム系添加剤について]
カルシウム系添加剤の好ましいものとして、カルシウムスルフォネート、カルシウムサリシレート、カルシウムフェネートが挙げられる。特に動粘度、価格の点より、カルシウムスルフォネートが好ましい。より好ましくは、塩基性カルシウムスルフォネートである。更に好ましくは、塩基価が３００ｍｇＫＯＨ／ｇ以上の塩基性カルシウムスルフォネートである。
[(B) Calcium-based additive]
Preferred examples of the calcium-based additive include calcium sulfonate, calcium salicylate, and calcium phenate. In particular, calcium sulfonate is preferable from the viewpoint of kinematic viscosity and price. More preferably, it is a basic calcium sulfonate. More preferably, it is a basic calcium sulfonate having a base number of 300 mgKOH / g or more.
本発明においては、上記（ｂ）成分は１種用いてもよく、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、そのカルシウム含有量は、調製油全量基準で０．５〜１．０重量％が好ましい。カルシウム含有量が調整油全量基準で０．５重量％未満であると、潤滑性能を有効に維持できない場合がある。カルシウム含有量が調整油全量基準で１．０重量％を超えると、潤滑性能は向上するが潤滑油の速乾性を阻害するおそれがある。 In the present invention, the component (b) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The calcium content is preferably 0.5 to 1.0% by weight based on the total amount of the prepared oil. If the calcium content is less than 0.5% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil, the lubricating performance may not be effectively maintained. When the calcium content exceeds 1.0% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil, the lubricating performance is improved, but the quick drying property of the lubricating oil may be hindered.
［潤滑油について］
このように、上記（ａ）、（ｂ）成分を適量添加することで調整された調製油は、基油に対して潤滑油全量基準で４〜７重量％配合できる。潤滑成分としての調整油の配合量が潤滑油全量基準で４〜７重量％であれば、良好な潤滑性や耐焼付性などを確保しながらも、速乾性に優れ指で触っただけでは残留物を感じないほど乾燥している、いわゆる指触乾燥とできる。調整油の配合量が潤滑油全量基準で４重量％未満であると、速乾性は良いが潤滑性などが悪化し、高い加工性の要求される金属材料の加工には不向きとなる。調整油の配合量が潤滑油全量基準で７重量％を超えると、残留物の量が多くなって加工後に洗浄工程が必要となるだけでなく、加工後に被加工物の表面に塗装を施す場合に塗装斑が生じるおそれが高くなる。また、潤滑油の速乾性が阻害されるおそれもある。
[About lubricating oil]
Thus, the prepared oil prepared by adding appropriate amounts of the above components (a) and (b) can be blended in an amount of 4 to 7% by weight based on the total amount of the lubricating oil with respect to the base oil. If the blending amount of the adjustment oil as the lubricating component is 4 to 7% by weight based on the total amount of the lubricating oil, it is excellent in quick-drying while remaining good if touched with a finger while ensuring good lubricity and seizure resistance. It is so-called dry to touch that is so dry that you do not feel anything. When the blending amount of the adjusting oil is less than 4% by weight based on the total amount of the lubricating oil, quick drying is good, but lubricity is deteriorated, and it is unsuitable for processing a metal material requiring high workability. When the blending amount of the adjustment oil exceeds 7% by weight based on the total amount of the lubricating oil, the amount of residue increases and not only a cleaning process is required after processing, but also the surface of the workpiece is coated after processing There is a high risk of paint spots on the surface. In addition, the quick drying property of the lubricating oil may be hindered.
潤滑油の４０℃動粘度は、２．０ｃｍ２／ｓ以下であることが好ましい。潤滑油の４０℃動粘度が２．０ｃｍ２／ｓ以下であれば、流動性が高いので被加工物への付着量が低減され、常温常圧において効率的な自然蒸発が可能である。好ましくは１．８ｃｍ２／ｓ以下、より好ましくは１．５ｃｍ２／ｓ以下である。一方、４０℃動粘度が２．０ｃｍ２／ｓより大きくなると、流動性が悪くなって被加工物への付着量が多くなり、効率的な自然蒸発が阻害される。４０℃動粘度の下限は、４０℃動粘度が低いほど効率的な蒸発が可能なので特に限定されることはない。但し、４０℃動粘度があまりに低いと潤滑性を担保できないという問題も生じ得るので、少なくとも１．０ｃｍ２／ｓ程度はあった方がよい。 The 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil is preferably 2.0 cm 2 / s or less. If the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil is 2.0 cm 2 / s or less, the fluidity is high, so the amount of adhesion to the workpiece is reduced, and efficient natural evaporation is possible at room temperature and normal pressure. Preferably it is 1.8 cm < 2 > / s or less, More preferably, it is 1.5 cm < 2 > / s or less. On the other hand, when the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity is higher than 2.0 cm 2 / s, the fluidity is deteriorated and the amount of adhesion to the workpiece is increased, so that efficient natural evaporation is inhibited. The lower limit of the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity is not particularly limited because the lower the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity, the more efficient evaporation is possible. However, if the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is too low, there may be a problem that the lubricity cannot be ensured, so it is better to have at least about 1.0 cm 2 / s.
さらに、潤滑油の引火点が４０℃以上、発火点が２４０℃以上の範囲を満たすことが好ましい。引火点が４０℃以上であれば、常温において安全に使用できる。逆に引火点が４０℃未満であると、常温において引火し易くなり、特に気温の高くなる夏季や亜熱帯地域での取り扱い時の危険性が高くなるので好ましくない。発火点が２４０℃以上であれば、金属材料の加工時に発生する火花や加工熱により引火するなどの危険性が低く、安全に加工できる。 Furthermore, it is preferable that the lubricating oil has a flash point of 40 ° C. or higher and an ignition point of 240 ° C. or higher. If the flash point is 40 ° C or higher, it can be used safely at room temperature. On the contrary, if the flash point is less than 40 ° C., it is easy to ignite at normal temperature, and the risk of handling in the summer and subtropical areas where the temperature is high is particularly undesirable. If the ignition point is 240 ° C. or higher, the risk of ignition by a spark generated during processing of a metal material or processing heat is low, and processing can be performed safely.
なお、本発明の調整油には、金属材料加工油としての基本的な性能を維持するために、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で、その他公知の各種添加剤を適宜配合することができる。その添加剤としては、防錆剤、酸化防止剤、防食剤、着色剤、消泡剤、香料等が挙げられる。例えば防錆剤を適量添加しておけば、加工後の被加工物の錆の発生を防ぎ、加工後に被加工物表面を防錆処理する必要がなくなる。 In addition, in order to maintain the basic performance as a metal material processing oil, other well-known various additives can be suitably mix | blended with the adjustment oil of this invention in the range which does not inhibit the objective of this invention. Examples of the additive include a rust inhibitor, an antioxidant, an anticorrosive, a colorant, an antifoaming agent, and a fragrance. For example, if an appropriate amount of a rust preventive agent is added, rusting of the workpiece after processing is prevented, and there is no need to rust prevent the surface of the workpiece after processing.
防錆剤の種類は特に限定されるものでなく、具体例としては、カルシウム（Ｃａ），バリウム（Ｂａ），ナトリウム（Ｎａ）の各スルフォネート及びスルホン酸化合物、酸化ワックスのエステル化合物及びそれらのＣａ，Ｂａ，Ｎａの各塩のような酸化ワックス化合物、ソルビタンモノオレートのような多価アルコールエステル、ラノリン及びラノリンの金属石鹸、などを挙げることができる。なかでも、Ｃａ系防錆剤やＢａ系防錆剤が好ましい。本発明においては、上記防錆剤は１種用いてもよく、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。なお、このような防錆剤は、調製油に溶け易くするため、鉱物油や合成油、エステルなどと混合されているのが一般的である。防錆剤は、調製油全量基準で１〜７重量％の範囲で配合することが好ましい。防錆剤の含有量が調整油全量基準で１重量％未満であると、加工後の被加工物の防錆性能を有効に維持できないおそれがある。防錆剤の含有量が調整油全量基準で７重量％を超えると、防錆性は向上するが、潤滑油の速乾性を阻害するおそれがある。 The kind of rust preventive agent is not particularly limited, and specific examples include calcium (Ca), barium (Ba), sodium (Na) sulfonates and sulfonic acid compounds, oxidized wax ester compounds and their Ca. , Ba, Na salts, oxidized wax compounds, sorbitan monooleate, polyhydric alcohol esters, lanolin and lanolin metal soaps, and the like. Especially, Ca type | system | group rust preventive agent and Ba type | system | group anticorrosive agent are preferable. In the present invention, the rust preventive may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In general, such a rust preventive is mixed with mineral oil, synthetic oil, ester, or the like in order to easily dissolve in the prepared oil. It is preferable to mix | blend a rust preventive agent in the range of 1 to 7 weight% on the basis of preparation oil whole quantity. If the content of the rust inhibitor is less than 1% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil, the rust preventive performance of the workpiece after processing may not be effectively maintained. When the content of the rust inhibitor exceeds 7% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil, the rust prevention property is improved, but the quick drying property of the lubricating oil may be hindered.
酸化防止剤としてはアミン系化合物やフェノール系化合物などを、防食剤としてはベンゾトリアゾール、トリルトリアゾール、メルカプトベンゾチアゾールなどを、着色剤としては染料や顔料などを、必要に応じて適宜添加することができる。 Addition of amine compounds and phenolic compounds as antioxidants, benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, mercaptobenzothiazole, etc. as anticorrosive agents, dyes and pigments as coloring agents, as appropriate it can.
金属材料をプレス加工する場合、本発明の潤滑油を被加工物である金属材料とダイスやパンチ等の工具との間に供給することによって、被加工物の割れやカジリを防いで加工精度が向上すると共に、工具寿命も長くなる。特に本発明の潤滑油は、他の鋼板と比べて加工に困難を伴う電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をファインブランキング加工する場合に、特に好適に使用できる。潤滑油の供給方法は特に限定されないが、例えばローラーによる金属材料表面への塗布、スプレーによる金属材料表面への塗布などの方法を使用することができる。また、加工時の温度設定は、一般的に使用されている周知の方法で行なえばよい。 When pressing metal materials, the lubricating oil of the present invention is supplied between the metal material, which is the workpiece, and a tool such as a die or punch, thereby preventing the workpiece from cracking or galling and improving machining accuracy. The tool life is increased with the improvement. In particular, the lubricating oil of the present invention can be particularly suitably used when fine blanking an electrogalvanized steel sheet that is more difficult to process than other steel sheets. The method for supplying the lubricating oil is not particularly limited, and for example, a method such as application to the surface of the metal material by a roller or application to the surface of the metal material by spraying can be used. Moreover, the temperature setting at the time of a process should just be performed by the well-known method generally used.
（実施例）
以下、本発明に係る金属材料加工用の潤滑油の具体的な実施例について説明する。
(Example)
Hereinafter, specific examples of the lubricating oil for processing a metal material according to the present invention will be described.
［基油選定試験］
まず、潤滑油の基油として好ましいものを選定するため、自然蒸発可能な各種油の臭気を評価した。なお、基油選定試験では、添加剤を一切添加していない油１００％で評価した。基油選定試験で使用した各種油の種類は表１に示す通りである。
[Base oil selection test]
First, in order to select a preferable base oil for the lubricating oil, the odor of various oils that can be naturally evaporated was evaluated. In the base oil selection test, the evaluation was made with 100% oil to which no additives were added. Table 1 shows the types of oil used in the base oil selection test.
臭気の評価は、５００ｍｌガラス製ビーカーに各実施例及び比較例を１００ｍｌ入れ、臭気を５人以上にて嗅ぎ、評価を行った。その結果を表２に示す。なお、表２における評価基準は以下の通りである。
○：不快感なく問題なし △：臭気を感じる ×：不快臭が強い
The odor was evaluated by putting 100 ml of each Example and Comparative Example in a 500 ml glass beaker and sniffing the odor with 5 or more people. The results are shown in Table 2. The evaluation criteria in Table 2 are as follows.
○: No problem with no discomfort △: Feeling odor ×: Strong unpleasant odor
表２から明らかなように、鉱油である基油４〜６は臭気が悪いが、炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素からなる合成混合油である基油１〜３は、臭気が良好であった。また、鉱油でなくとも炭素数が８〜１６以外のパラフィン系炭化水素を含む合成混合油である基油７は臭気を感じる。 As is clear from Table 2, the base oils 4 to 6 which are mineral oils have bad odors, but the base oils 1 to 3 which are synthetic mixed oils composed of paraffinic hydrocarbons having 8 to 16 carbon atoms have good odors. there were. Moreover, even if it is not mineral oil, the base oil 7 which is a synthetic mixed oil containing paraffinic hydrocarbons other than those having 8 to 16 carbon atoms feels odor.
（乾燥試験）
次に、蒸発速度すなわち速乾性に関する試験を行った。
各基油を、ＪＩＳ Ｇ３１４１に規定されるＳＰＣＣ鋼板（８０×６０×１．０ｍｍ）に０．５ｇ塗布後、水平に放置したときの潤滑油の蒸発時間を測定した。その結果を表３に示す。
(Drying test)
Next, a test on the evaporation rate, that is, the quick drying property was performed.
After 0.5 g of each base oil was applied to an SPCC steel plate (80 × 60 × 1.0 mm) defined in JIS G3141, the evaporation time of the lubricating oil was measured when it was left horizontally. The results are shown in Table 3.
表３からも明らかなように、炭素数が低い程蒸発時間が早くなる傾向がある。これは、炭素数が低い程沸点が低いことに依存している。中でも、炭素数が１３以下のパラフィン系炭化水素であれば、極めて短時間での乾燥が可能であることがわかる。また、炭素数が１６以下でも乾燥するまでに１日強しか要せず、効果的な速乾性を有することがわかる。すなわち、炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素１００重量％の潤滑油であれば速乾性が良好であり、炭素数８〜１３潤滑油のパラフィン系炭化水素であれば速乾性に優れ２４時間以内で完全蒸発が可能であることがわかる。この表１及び表２の結果により、炭素数８〜１６、特に炭素数８〜１３の合成油であるパラフィン系炭化水素であれば、臭気及び速乾性が良好であり、潤滑油の基油として好適であることがわかった。 As is apparent from Table 3, the lower the carbon number, the faster the evaporation time. This depends on the lower the carbon number, the lower the boiling point. In particular, it can be seen that paraffinic hydrocarbons having 13 or less carbon atoms can be dried in an extremely short time. Further, it can be seen that even if the number of carbon atoms is 16 or less, it takes only a day to dry, and it has an effective quick drying property. That is, a quick drying property is good if the lubricating oil is 100% by weight of paraffinic hydrocarbons having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, and quick drying properties are excellent if it is a paraffinic hydrocarbon having 8 to 13 carbon atoms within 24 hours. It can be seen that complete evaporation is possible. According to the results of Tables 1 and 2, paraffinic hydrocarbons, which are synthetic oils having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly 8 to 13 carbon atoms, have good odor and quick drying properties. It has been found suitable.
［調製油選定試験］
次に、上記基油選定試験で使用した基油１に各種潤滑成分を潤滑油全量基準で１０重量％添加したときの各潤滑油の潤滑性及び耐焼付性を評価するため、焼付き荷重及び被加工物表面に付着したカスの有無を評価した。その結果を表４に示す。なお、潤滑油１には、エステル系潤滑剤としてジエチルカーボネートを添加した。潤滑油２には、りん系潤滑剤として酸性りん酸エステルアミン塩を添加した。また、潤滑油３には、次に示す組成からなる調整油を配合した。
＜調整油組成＞
鉱物油 ４８．９重量％
（ａ）成分
ポリサルファイド（硫黄含有量：３０重量％） ５重量％
硫化油脂（硫黄含有量：１５重量％） ２５重量％
ＺｎＤＴＰ（硫黄含有量：１６質量％） １０重量％
（ｂ）成分：高塩基性Ｃａスルフォネート化合物（カルシウム含有量：１５重量％） ５重量％
（その他）防錆剤：６．１重量％
なお、上記調整油中の硫黄分は、調整油全量基準で６．８重量％であり、カルシウム分は、調整油全量基準で０．７５重量％である。
[Prepared oil selection test]
Next, in order to evaluate the lubricity and seizure resistance of each lubricating oil when 10% by weight of various lubricating components are added to the base oil 1 used in the base oil selection test, The presence or absence of debris adhering to the workpiece surface was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 4. In addition, diethyl carbonate was added to the lubricating oil 1 as an ester lubricant. To the lubricating oil 2, an acidic phosphate amine salt was added as a phosphorus lubricant. In addition, the lubricating oil 3 was blended with an adjustment oil having the following composition.
<Adjusted oil composition>
Mineral oil 48.9% by weight
(A) Component Polysulfide (Sulfur content: 30% by weight) 5% by weight
Sulfurized oil (sulfur content: 15% by weight) 25% by weight
ZnDTP (Sulfur content: 16% by mass) 10% by weight
(B) Component: Highly basic Ca sulfonate compound (calcium content: 15% by weight) 5% by weight
(Others) Rust preventive agent: 6.1% by weight
In addition, the sulfur content in the adjustment oil is 6.8% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil, and the calcium content is 0.75% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil.
＜試験条件＞
加工物１：一般電気亜鉛めっき鋼板（ＳＥＣＣ） めっき付着量２０ｇ／ｍ２
板厚０．３ｍｍ
加工物２：一般電気亜鉛めっき鋼板（ＳＥＣＣ） めっき付着量４０ｇ／ｍ２
板厚０．３ｍｍ
成形品 ：オイルフィルタ部品
加工条件：プレス加工 ６０〜７０ｓｐｍ
加工工具：パンチ・ダイス ＳＫＤ１１
＜カスの有無＞
プレス成形後の被加工物表面を目視にて観察した。
＜焼付き荷重測定＞
ＪＩＳ Ｋ２５１９に規定する四球試験にて測定した。
測定素材：上球、下球共にＳＵＪ２
<Test conditions>
Workpiece 1: General electrogalvanized steel sheet (SECC) Plating adhesion 20 g / m 2
Plate thickness 0.3mm
Workpiece 2: General electrogalvanized steel sheet (SECC) Plating adhesion 40 g / m 2
Plate thickness 0.3mm
Molded product: Oil filter parts Processing conditions: Press processing 60-70 spm
Processing tool: Punch / Die SKD11
<Presence of residue>
The surface of the workpiece after press molding was visually observed.
<Measurement of seizure load>
It was measured by a four-ball test specified in JIS K2519.
Measurement material: SUJ2 for both upper and lower balls
表４から明らかなように、潤滑成分量が同じでも、エステル系潤滑剤を添加した潤滑油１は焼付き荷重が低い、すなわち潤滑性が悪く、カスも付着していた。また、りん系潤滑剤を添加した潤滑油２は、潤滑油１よりは焼付き荷重が良好ではあるが、めっき付着量が少なく加工性の劣る加工物１ではカスが付着しており、潤滑性が十分ではないことがわかる。これに対し、主に硫黄系潤滑成分が添加され適切な組成に調整された調整油が配合された潤滑油３では最も潤滑性に優れ、加工性に劣る加工物１に対しても、問題なくプレス加工できることがわかった。すなわち、潤滑成分として（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤と（ｂ）カルシウム系添加剤とを含み、（ａ）成分の硫黄含有量が、調整油全量基準で６〜７重量％、及び（ｂ）成分のカルシウム含有量が、調整油全量基準で０．５〜１．０重量％を満たす調整油を配合することが好ましいことがわかる。 As is apparent from Table 4, even when the amount of the lubricating component was the same, the lubricating oil 1 to which the ester lubricant was added had a low seizure load, that is, poor lubricity, and debris adhered. In addition, the lubricating oil 2 to which the phosphorus-based lubricant is added has a seizure load better than that of the lubricating oil 1, but the work piece 1 with a small amount of plating and inferior workability is attached with debris. Is not enough. On the other hand, the lubricating oil 3 mainly containing a sulfur-based lubricating component and blended with an adjusting oil adjusted to an appropriate composition has the most excellent lubricity and has no problem even on the work piece 1 which is inferior in workability. It was found that press working was possible. That is, (a) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent and (b) a calcium-based additive as a lubricating component, the sulfur content of the component (a) is 6 to 7% by weight based on the total amount of the adjusted oil, and (b) It turns out that it is preferable to mix | blend the adjustment oil with which the calcium content of a component satisfy | fills 0.5 to 1.0 weight% on the adjustment oil whole quantity basis.
（潤滑性試験）
上記表４の結果により、潤滑成分として主に硫黄系潤滑成分を含有する調整油を基油に配合すれば、良好な潤滑性及び耐焼付性が得られることがわかった。しかし、速乾性潤滑油を使用してプレス加工後の洗浄工程を省略するには、潤滑成分ができるだけ少ないほうが好ましい。そこで、調整油の配合量を段階的に変化させて、めっき付着量２０ｇ／ｍ２の加工物１をプレス加工したときの、それぞれの潤滑性及びカス付着の有無を評価した。なお、ここでの潤滑性及びカス付着の有無も、上記調整油選定試験と同様の条件によって評価した。その結果を表５に示す。
(Lubricity test)
From the results shown in Table 4 above, it was found that good lubricating properties and seizure resistance can be obtained by blending a base oil with a conditioning oil mainly containing a sulfur-based lubricating component as a lubricating component. However, in order to omit the cleaning step after press working using the quick-drying lubricating oil, it is preferable that the lubricating component is as small as possible. Therefore, the lubrication property and the presence or absence of residue adhesion were evaluated when the work 1 having a plating adhesion amount of 20 g / m 2 was pressed by changing the blending amount of the adjustment oil stepwise. Here, the lubricity and the presence or absence of residue adhesion were also evaluated under the same conditions as in the above-mentioned adjustment oil selection test. The results are shown in Table 5.
表５から明らかなように、調整油の配合量が１０重量％の潤滑油３や、調整油の配合量が５重量％の潤滑油４は良好な潤滑性を有し、プレス加工に問題がなかった。これにより、良好な潤滑性を担保するには、調整油の配合量を潤滑油全量基準で少なくとも４重量％以上とする必要があることがわかった。 As is apparent from Table 5, the lubricating oil 3 having a blending amount of the adjusting oil of 10% by weight and the lubricating oil 4 having a blending amount of the adjusting oil of 5% by weight have good lubricity and have a problem in press working. There wasn't. Thereby, in order to ensure favorable lubricity, it turned out that the compounding quantity of adjustment oil needs to be at least 4 weight% or more on the basis of the total quantity of lubricating oil.
（蒸発試験）
一方、潤滑成分としての調整油の配合量が多くなる程、潤滑油の速乾性やその後の塗装などに悪影響を及ぼし得る。そこで、上記潤滑油３〜６の蒸発試験を行って、試験片表面の残留物付着量の経時的変化を測定した。その結果を図１に示す。また、蒸発試験の試験条件は次の通りである。
試験片：ＳＰＣＣ鋼板 ８０ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ×２ｍｍ
環境 ：２６℃の室内にて自然乾燥
方法 ：各潤滑油中に試験片を浸漬後取りだし、精密天秤にて蒸発重量を測定
(Evaporation test)
On the other hand, as the blending amount of the adjusting oil as the lubricating component increases, it may adversely affect the quick drying property of the lubricating oil and the subsequent coating. Therefore, an evaporation test of the lubricating oils 3 to 6 was performed, and a change with time in the amount of residue attached to the surface of the test piece was measured. The result is shown in FIG. The test conditions for the evaporation test are as follows.
Test piece: SPCC steel plate 80mm x 100mm x 2mm
Environment: Natural drying in a room at 26 ° C Method: Take out the test piece after immersing it in each lubricating oil and measure the evaporation weight with a precision balance.
図１の結果より、調整油の配合量が少ない程蒸発速度が速く、残留物の付着量が少ないことがわかる。具体的には、潤滑油４〜６は１時間後には付着量が０．００１ｍｇ／ｃｍ２以下になったが、潤滑油３は１時間後でも付着量が０．００２ｍｇ／ｃｍ２を超えていた。これにより、速乾性の観点からは、調整油の配合量を潤滑油全量基準で少なくとも７重量％以下とすることが好ましいことがわかった。 From the results of FIG. 1, it can be seen that the smaller the blending amount of the adjustment oil, the faster the evaporation rate and the smaller the amount of residue attached. Specifically, the amount of adhesion of the lubricating oils 4 to 6 was 0.001 mg / cm 2 or less after 1 hour, but the amount of the lubricating oil 3 exceeded 0.002 mg / cm 2 even after 1 hour. It was. Thereby, it turned out that it is preferable to make the compounding quantity of adjustment oil into at least 7 weight% or less on the basis of lubricating oil whole quantity from a quick-drying viewpoint.
以上の結果から、炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素からなる基油に、（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤と（ｂ）カルシウム系添加剤とを含み（ａ）成分の硫黄含有量が、調整油全量基準で６〜７重量％、（ｂ）成分のカルシウム含有量が、調整油全量基準で０．５〜１．０重量％を満たす調整油を、潤滑油全量基準で４〜７重量％配合すれば、めっき付着量が４０ｇ／ｍ２未満の電気亜鉛めっき鋼板をプレス加工する場合でも、良好な潤滑性を担保できると共に、速乾性に優れた潤滑油とすることができることがわかった。 From the above results, the base oil composed of paraffinic hydrocarbons having 8 to 16 carbon atoms includes (a) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent and (b) a calcium-based additive, and the sulfur content of the component (a) 6 to 7% by weight based on the total amount of the adjusted oil, and 4 to 7% by weight of the adjusted oil satisfying 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of the calcium content of the component (b) based on the total amount of the adjusted oil. %, It was found that even when an electrogalvanized steel sheet having a coating adhesion of less than 40 g / m 2 is pressed, good lubricity can be ensured and a lubricating oil having excellent quick drying properties can be obtained. .
Claims (3)
炭素数８〜１６のパラフィン系炭化水素の１種または２種以上の混合油からなる基油に、潤滑成分として潤滑油全量基準で４〜７重量％の調整油を配合してなり、
前記調整油は、（ａ）硫黄系極圧剤と、（ｂ）カルシウム系添加剤とを含み、以下の条件、
（ａ）成分の硫黄含有量が、調整油全量基準で、６〜７重量％、
（ｂ）成分のカルシウム含有量が、調整油全量基準で、０．５〜１．０重量％、
を満たすことを特徴とするプレス加工用の潤滑油。 A lubricating oil for press-working an electrogalvanized steel sheet with a coating weight of less than 40 g / m 2 ,
A base oil composed of one or more mixed oils of paraffinic hydrocarbons having 8 to 16 carbon atoms is blended with 4 to 7% by weight of a conditioning oil as a lubricating component based on the total amount of lubricating oil,
The conditioning oil contains (a) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent and (b) a calcium-based additive, and the following conditions:
(A) The sulfur content of the component is 6 to 7% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil,
(B) The calcium content of the component is 0.5 to 1.0% by weight based on the total amount of the adjustment oil,
A lubricating oil for press working, characterized by satisfying
A method for pressing a metal material, comprising a step of supplying a lubricating oil for pressing according to claim 1 or 2 between the metal material and a tool for pressing the metal material.
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