JP5136589B2 - Reinforcement beam and reinforcement method for underwater structure - Google Patents

Reinforcement beam and reinforcement method for underwater structure Download PDF

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JP5136589B2
JP5136589B2 JP2010102853A JP2010102853A JP5136589B2 JP 5136589 B2 JP5136589 B2 JP 5136589B2 JP 2010102853 A JP2010102853 A JP 2010102853A JP 2010102853 A JP2010102853 A JP 2010102853A JP 5136589 B2 JP5136589 B2 JP 5136589B2
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pile
reinforcing beam
reinforcing
reinforcement
connecting portion
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弘之 若菜
祐人 田中
禎郎 塩崎
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JFE Engineering Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明は、既設の桟橋等の水中構造物、特に上部構造体が複数の杭によって支持された杭式桟橋等を補強するための補強部材と補強工法に関する。   The present invention relates to a reinforcing member and a reinforcing method for reinforcing an underwater structure such as an existing jetty, particularly a pile-type jetty in which an upper structure is supported by a plurality of piles.

港湾や漁港においては船舶を係留するために各種の桟橋等の水中構造物が設けられている。これらの水中構造物は水底地盤に打ち込まれて水面より上に突出した複数の杭を脚柱とする下部構造物と、これらの杭で支持され水面より上に敷設された床板等からなる上部構造物とから構成される。
上記の下部構造物である杭は一般に、海底あるいは湖底といった地盤に複数本の杭群を鉛直方向に打ち込んで構築される。また、上記の上部構造物は一般に、これら杭群の上端部に梁を複数本架設し、これら梁群の間に床板を張り渡して構築される。
In harbors and fishing ports, various underwater structures such as piers are provided for mooring ships. These underwater structures consist of a lower structure that has multiple stakes that are driven into the ground and project above the water surface, and an upper structure that is supported by these piles and laid above the water surface. Composed of things.
The piles as the above substructures are generally constructed by driving a plurality of pile groups in the vertical direction on the ground such as the seabed or lake bottom. Moreover, the above-mentioned superstructure is generally constructed by laying a plurality of beams on the upper ends of these pile groups and stretching a floor board between these beam groups.

ところで、既設水中構造物については、以下に記載する理由から水中構造物を補強する必要がある。
・腐食による杭の減厚による水中構造物の耐力の低下
・上載加重の増大への対応
・耐震性能の向上
特に、過去に設置された杭式桟橋等の水中構造物の多くは、近年、想定されるようになった大地震に耐えるための設計はなされておらず、将来、大地震によって水中構造物が損傷を受ける可能性が高く、そのような事態に至ると社会機能に大きな影響を与えることになる。また、地震後における社会機能の迅速な回復のために水中構造物は人員及び物資の輸送において非常に重要な機能を果たす。
このため、今後発生が予想される大地震に対する対策として、既設の杭式桟橋等の水中構造物を耐震補強する必要性が高まっている。
そして、上記の補強のための施工方法として従来から多くの提案がなされている。
By the way, about an existing underwater structure, it is necessary to reinforce an underwater structure for the reason described below.
・ Decrease in yield strength of underwater structures due to thickness reduction of piles due to corrosion ・ Responding to increased loading load ・ Improved seismic performance In particular, many of the submerged structures such as pile-type piers installed in the past have been assumed in recent years. It has not been designed to withstand major earthquakes that have become possible, and it is highly likely that underwater structures will be damaged by large earthquakes in the future, which will greatly affect social functions. It will be. In addition, underwater structures perform very important functions in the transportation of personnel and supplies for the rapid recovery of social functions after an earthquake.
For this reason, as a countermeasure against a large earthquake that is expected to occur in the future, there is an increasing need for seismic reinforcement of underwater structures such as existing pile-type piers.
And many proposals are conventionally made as a construction method for the above-mentioned reinforcement.

特許文献1には、既設桟橋を補強するための補強材をユニット化し、これを予め製作しておいて施工現場において杭の間に取り付けることによって現場工期の最短化をはかるようにすることが記載されている。この補強ユニットは矩形枠状のフレームと、そのフレーに設けたブレースと、そのブレースとフレームとの間に設けたダンパー8とから構成されている。   Patent Document 1 describes that a reinforcing material for reinforcing an existing pier is unitized, manufactured in advance, and attached between piles at a construction site so as to minimize the site construction period. Has been. This reinforcing unit is composed of a rectangular frame-shaped frame, a brace provided in the frame, and a damper 8 provided between the brace and the frame.

特許文献2には、桟橋の杭の補強に供するストラット部材にフロータを取り付けて水面に浮かぶようにしておき、このストラット部材を杭群の間まで曳航し、ついで杭群の上下方向所定部位においてストラット部材の両端同士を各々結合する補強工法が記載されている。また、特許文献2にはストラット部材を入れ子状にして伸縮可能とすることについても記載がある。   In Patent Document 2, a floater is attached to a strut member used to reinforce a pile on a jetty so that it floats on the water surface. A reinforcing method for joining both ends of the member is described. Patent Document 2 also describes that the strut members can be nested to make them extendable.

特許文献3には、脚柱により床組を支持した桟橋において、脚柱間に斜材としての制震ブレースを設けることにより脚柱に作用する最大曲げモーメントを低減して脚柱の負担を軽減するとともに、必要な脚柱径を小さくすることが記載されている。   In Patent Document 3, in a jetty that supports a floor set with pedestal columns, a seismic brace as diagonal material is provided between the pedestal columns to reduce the maximum bending moment acting on the pedestal and reduce the burden on the pedestal. In addition, it is described that the required pedestal diameter is reduced.

特許文献4には、各杭に鞘管を設置し、鞘管に突設した中空の連結管を隣接した杭に設置された鞘管における中空の連結管と接合することによって補強用水平部材を形成することが記載されている。
しかしながら、上記のいずれの方法も補強部材を現地杭にアジャストさせる観点からみると施工性が良いとは言えなかった。
また、従来の杭に格点を設けそれをストラットあるいはブレース部材で結ぶ補強方法は基本的には軸力を伝える機能を有し、それらを複数配置して海中部の杭をつなぎ合わせて補強するものであり、補強効果は高いが部材数が多くなるという問題があった。
In Patent Document 4, a horizontal pipe for reinforcement is installed by installing a sheath pipe on each pile, and joining a hollow connection pipe protruding from the sheath pipe with a hollow connection pipe in a sheath pipe installed on an adjacent pile. It is described to form.
However, none of the methods described above can be said to have good workability from the viewpoint of adjusting the reinforcing member to the local pile.
In addition, the conventional method of reinforcing and connecting the piles with struts or brace members has the function of transmitting axial force, and laying them together to connect the piles in the sea for reinforcement. However, although the reinforcing effect is high, there is a problem that the number of members increases.

特開2007−217952号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-217952 特開2008−223384号公報JP 2008-223384 A 特開平11−269845号公報JP-A-11-269845 特開2008−297815号公報JP 2008-297815 A

本発明は、既設水中構造物の杭同士を水中で補強梁によって連結することで水中構造物全体の剛性を上げて水中構造物の耐荷力を向上させるための施工性に優れた補強工法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention provides a reinforcing method excellent in workability for increasing the rigidity of an underwater structure by increasing the rigidity of the entire underwater structure by connecting piles of existing underwater structures with reinforcing beams underwater. The purpose is to do.

本発明者等は、補強梁を前、後、左及び右の各側面を形成する4つの壁体と、該壁体によって形成される内部空間を中央区画部と左右の第1区画部及び第2区画部とに分ける二つの仕切壁と、中央区画部の底板又は底板及び頂板とから構成して、中央の区画部を浮力函とし、第1区画部及び第2区画部のぞれぞれは、杭の鉛直方向の一部を包囲して杭に取り付け可能なように開閉可能な構造となっている第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部を構成しており、この第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部を介して補強梁を杭に取り付けた後、杭と杭連結部との取り合い部にグラウトを注入して補強梁と杭とを一体化することによって上記の課題が解決できることを見出して本発明を完成した。
すなわち、本発明は以下に記載する通りの水中構造物を補強するための補強梁及びこれを用いた補強工法である。
The inventors of the present invention have four wall bodies forming the front, rear, left and right side surfaces of the reinforcing beam, and an internal space formed by the wall bodies, the central partition section, the left and right first partition sections, and the first partition section. It consists of two partition walls that are divided into two compartments, and the bottom plate or bottom plate and top plate of the central compartment, with the central compartment as a buoyancy box, each of the first compartment and the second compartment Comprises a first pile connection portion and a second pile connection portion that are structured to be openable and closable so as to surround a part of the pile in the vertical direction and be attached to the pile. After the reinforcement beam is attached to the pile via the part and the second pile connection part, the above problem is solved by injecting the grout into the joint part between the pile and the pile connection part and integrating the reinforcement beam and the pile. The present invention was completed by finding out what can be done.
That is, the present invention is a reinforcing beam for reinforcing an underwater structure as described below, and a reinforcing method using the same.

(1)水中の地盤に下端部が埋設された複数の杭と、前記複数の杭によって支持された上部構造体とを有する水中構造物の補強を行うために杭に取り付けられる補強梁であって、該補強梁は前、後、左及び右の各側面を形成する4つの壁体と、該壁体によって形成される内部空間を中央区画部と左右の第1区画部及び第2区画部とに分ける二つの仕切壁と、中央区画部の底板又は底板及び頂板とからなり、中央区画部は浮力函部を構成し、第1区画部及び第2区画部は壁体の一部が補強梁本体に対して開閉可能な蓋部を形成しており、第1区画部及び第2区画部が杭の鉛直方向の一部を包囲して杭に取り付け可能な第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部を構成していることを特徴とする補強梁。
(2)第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の内壁の上端部及び下端部に、又は上端部のみに前記内壁と杭との間を塞ぐ塞ぎ板を設けたことを特徴とする(1)に記載の補強梁。
(3)前記補強梁の梁高は杭の直径以上の寸法であることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)に記載の補強梁。
(4)前記第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の前面の壁体が補強梁本体に対してヒンジによって開閉可能な蓋部を構成していることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の補強梁。
(5)前記蓋部の閉合が蓋部を補強梁本体に対してボルト締めすることによって行われるようになっていることを特徴とする(4)に記載の補強梁。
(6)前記第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部のそれぞれは二つの部分に分割されてヒンジを介して連結されて、一方の分割部分が他方の分割部分を備えた補強梁本体に対して開閉可能な蓋部と成っており、蓋部の閉合が蓋部及び補強梁本体の夫々に設けたかみ合わせ継手の係止片を係合させることによって行われるようになっていることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の補強梁。
(7)前記第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の内壁面にグラウトのずれ止め用のアンカー部材が設けられていることを特徴とする(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の補強梁。
(8)水中の地盤に下端部が埋設された複数の杭と、前記複数の杭によって支持された上部構造体とを有する水中構造物を補強する補強工法において、
(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の補強梁を水面に浮遊させる工程、
補強梁を取り付けようとする二つの杭の位置に補強梁を誘導する工程、
補強梁の杭連結部の壁面によって杭を包囲する工程、
杭連結部の蓋部を閉合する工程、
及び
杭と杭連結部との取り合い部にグラウトを注入して補強梁と杭とを一体化する工程、
を有することを特徴とする補強工法。
(9)補強梁の浮力函部に液体を注入して補強梁を所定の深さに沈降させる工程を含むことを特徴とする(8)に記載の補強工法。
(10)杭に支持材を取り付けておき、この支持材によって補強梁を支持することを特徴とする(8)又は(9)に記載の補強工法。
(11)補強梁を誘導するための複数本のワイヤを補強梁に取り付けて、ワイヤを操作することにより補強梁を所定の位置に誘導することを特徴とする(8)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の補強工法。
(12)補強梁として、第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の上端部のみに塞ぎ板を設けた補強梁を用い、前記支持材が下端部の塞ぎ板を兼ねるようにしたことを特徴とする(10)又は(111)に記載の補強工法。
(13)(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の補強梁によって補強したことを特徴とする水中構造物。
(14)補強梁の浮力函部に固体材料を充填することにより水中構造物の固有周期を変えたこと特徴とする(13)に記載の水中構造物。
(1) A reinforcing beam attached to a pile in order to reinforce an underwater structure having a plurality of piles whose lower ends are embedded in the underwater ground and an upper structure supported by the plurality of piles. The reinforcing beam includes four wall bodies forming the front, rear, left and right side surfaces, and an internal space formed by the wall bodies with a central partition portion and left and right first partition portions and second partition portions. It consists of two partition walls and a bottom plate or a bottom plate and a top plate of the central partition part, the central partition part constitutes a buoyancy box part, and the first partition part and the second partition part are part of the wall body as a reinforcing beam A first pile connecting portion and a second pile that form a lid portion that can be opened and closed with respect to the main body, and the first partition portion and the second partition portion surround a part of the pile in the vertical direction and can be attached to the pile. Reinforcing beam comprising a connecting part.
(2) A closing plate is provided on the upper and lower ends of the inner walls of the first pile connecting portion and the second pile connecting portion, or only on the upper end portion to close the space between the inner wall and the pile (1 ) Reinforcement beam as described in.
(3) The reinforcing beam according to (1) or (2), wherein a beam height of the reinforcing beam is not less than a diameter of a pile.
(4) The front wall of the first pile connecting portion and the second pile connecting portion constitutes a lid portion that can be opened and closed by a hinge with respect to the reinforcing beam main body (1) to (3) ) A reinforcing beam according to any one of the above.
(5) The reinforcing beam according to (4), wherein the lid is closed by bolting the lid to the reinforcing beam main body.
(6) Each of the first pile connection part and the second pile connection part is divided into two parts and connected via a hinge, and one divided part is a reinforcing beam body provided with the other divided part. The lid portion can be opened and closed, and the closure of the lid portion is performed by engaging the engagement pieces of the engagement joint provided in each of the lid portion and the reinforcing beam main body. The reinforcing beam according to any one of (1) to (3).
(7) An anchor member for preventing grout misalignment is provided on the inner wall surfaces of the first pile connecting portion and the second pile connecting portion, according to any one of (1) to (6), Reinforcement beam.
(8) In a reinforcement method for reinforcing an underwater structure having a plurality of piles whose lower ends are embedded in the underwater ground and an upper structure supported by the plurality of piles,
A step of floating the reinforcing beam according to any one of (1) to (7) on the water surface;
A step of guiding the reinforcing beam to the position of the two piles to which the reinforcing beam is to be attached;
A process of surrounding the pile by the wall surface of the pile connection part of the reinforcing beam;
The process of closing the lid of the pile connection,
And a process of injecting grout into the joint between the pile and the pile connecting portion to integrate the reinforcing beam and the pile,
Reinforcement method characterized by having.
(9) The reinforcing method according to (8), including a step of injecting a liquid into the buoyancy box of the reinforcing beam to sink the reinforcing beam to a predetermined depth.
(10) The reinforcing method according to (8) or (9), wherein a support material is attached to the pile, and the reinforcing beam is supported by the support material.
(11) Any one of (8) to (10), wherein a plurality of wires for guiding the reinforcing beam are attached to the reinforcing beam, and the reinforcing beam is guided to a predetermined position by operating the wire. Reinforcement method described in crab.
(12) As the reinforcing beam, a reinforcing beam provided with a closing plate only at the upper ends of the first pile connecting portion and the second pile connecting portion is used, and the support material also serves as a closing plate at the lower end portion. (10) or the reinforcing method according to (111).
(13) An underwater structure characterized by being reinforced by the reinforcing beam according to any one of (1) to (7).
(14) The underwater structure according to (13), wherein the natural period of the underwater structure is changed by filling the buoyancy box of the reinforcing beam with a solid material.

本発明の補強梁を用いた補強工法は補強梁そのもので杭を高さ方向に補強するため、軸力の他、曲げモーメントを伝えるため杭同士を結合する効果は従来のストラットやブレースを用いるものに比べてより高いものとなり、少ない部材数での補強が可能となるため工期を短縮することができる。また、本発明の補強工法は、水中構造物を新設することなく補強が可能であり、供用中の水中構造物の作業への影響が少ない。また、補強梁は浮力を利用しながらワイヤリング操作で杭に取り付けることができるため大型作業船を必要とせず施工が容易であり、岸壁の供用停止期間を極めて短くすることができる。   The reinforcement method using the reinforcing beam of the present invention reinforces the pile in the height direction with the reinforcing beam itself, so the effect of combining the piles to transmit the bending moment in addition to the axial force is that using conventional struts and braces Therefore, the construction period can be shortened because the reinforcement can be performed with a small number of members. Further, the reinforcing method of the present invention can be reinforced without newly installing an underwater structure, and has little influence on the work of the underwater structure in service. In addition, since the reinforcing beam can be attached to the pile by wiring operation using buoyancy, construction is easy without requiring a large work ship, and the in-service period of the quay can be extremely shortened.

本発明の補強梁を杭に取り付けた様子を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a mode that the reinforcement beam of this invention was attached to the pile. 本発明の補強梁の一つの実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the reinforcement beam of this invention. 本発明における補強梁の支持材及びグラウトシールを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the support material and grout seal of a reinforcing beam in the present invention. 本発明における補強梁の支持材及びグラウトシールの他の例を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the other example of the support material of a reinforcement beam in this invention, and a grout seal. 本発明の補強梁の他の実施形態を示す図であるIt is a figure which shows other embodiment of the reinforcement beam of this invention. 補強梁本体と蓋部とをかみ合わせ継手を用いて閉合する様子を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a mode that a reinforcement beam main body and a cover part are engaged and it closes using a coupling. 本発明におけるグラウトのずれ止めの例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the shift prevention of the grout in this invention. 杭に支持材を取り付ける工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process of attaching a support material to a pile. 補強梁をワイヤを用いて所定の杭の位置に誘導する工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process of guide | inducing a reinforcement beam to the position of a predetermined | prescribed pile using a wire. 補強梁の杭連結部材によって杭を包囲する工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process of surrounding a pile by the pile connection member of a reinforcement beam. 補強梁の杭連結部材の蓋体を閉合する工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process of closing the cover body of the pile connection member of a reinforcement beam. 補強梁の杭連結部材の蓋体を閉合を完了する工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process of completing closing of the cover body of the pile connection member of a reinforcement beam. 補強梁を所定の深さまで沈降させて支持材上に載置し、グラウトを注入して補強梁の取付を完了する工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process of dropping a reinforcement beam to predetermined depth, mounting on a support material, injecting grout, and completing attachment of a reinforcement beam.

図1は本発明の補強梁を杭に取り付けた状態を示す図であり、図2は補強梁の詳細を示す図である。
図1に示すように本発明の補強梁1の高さ(梁高)は杭11の直径よりも大きな寸法とし、その梁高を杭の直径よりも大きくすると共に補強梁を水面下の浅い杭部分に取り付けることが補強効果を高める点から好ましい。図1に示したものでは杭径が1200mmφの杭に対して補強梁は梁高さ2000mm、梁幅1500mmとしている。
FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a reinforcing beam of the present invention is attached to a pile, and FIG. 2 is a view showing details of the reinforcing beam.
As shown in FIG. 1, the height (beam height) of the reinforcing beam 1 of the present invention is larger than the diameter of the pile 11, the beam height is made larger than the diameter of the pile, and the reinforcing beam is a shallow pile below the water surface. It is preferable to attach to the part from the point of increasing the reinforcing effect. In the case shown in FIG. 1, the reinforcing beam has a beam height of 2000 mm and a beam width of 1500 mm for a pile having a pile diameter of 1200 mmφ.

図2(a)に示すように補強梁1は前後左右の4つの壁体2と、該壁体2によって形成される内部空間を中央区画部4と左右の第1区画部5及び第2区画部6とに分ける二つの仕切壁3と、中央区画部4の底板14及び頂板15とからなり、中央区画部4は浮力函部4を構成し、第1区画部5及び第2区画部6はその前面の壁体が開閉可能な蓋部8となっていて補強梁1を杭に取り付けるための第1杭連結部5及び第2杭連結部6を構成している。図2(a)に示したものでは蓋部はヒンジによって開閉可能となっており、ボルトによって補強梁本体に締結される。   As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the reinforcing beam 1 includes four wall bodies 2 on the front, rear, left and right sides, and an inner space formed by the wall body 2 as a central partition portion 4, left and right first partition portions 5 and second partitions. It consists of two partition walls 3 divided into a part 6, a bottom plate 14 and a top plate 15 of the central partition part 4. The central partition part 4 constitutes a buoyancy box part 4, and a first partition part 5 and a second partition part 6. The front wall is a lid 8 that can be opened and closed, and constitutes a first pile connecting portion 5 and a second pile connecting portion 6 for attaching the reinforcing beam 1 to the pile. In the case shown in FIG. 2A, the lid portion can be opened and closed by a hinge, and is fastened to the reinforcing beam main body by a bolt.

浮力函部4は底板のみを設けた場合には容器形状となっており、底板と頂板とを設けた場合には密閉構造となっているため、その浮力によって補強梁1を水面に浮遊させることができる。浮力函部4には注水ができるようになっており、浮力函部内の空間に水や海水などの液体を注入することによって補強梁1を水面下に沈降させることができる。浮力函部を密閉構造とすることにより、浮力函部内に適当な量の液体を注入して補強梁の重量と浮力とをバランスさせることにより補強梁の取り付け作業をし易くすることができる。なお、補強梁の通常の使用形態は、水面に浮かせて所定の場所まで移動させ、次いで所定の深さまで沈めるというものであるので、浮力函部4には底板と頂板とを設けて密閉構造とするが、沈める作業を必要としない場合もあり、この場合には必ずしも頂板は設ける必要がない。   The buoyancy box 4 has a container shape when only the bottom plate is provided, and has a sealed structure when the bottom plate and the top plate are provided, so that the reinforcing beam 1 is floated on the water surface by the buoyancy. Can do. The buoyancy box 4 can be filled with water, and the reinforcing beam 1 can be allowed to sink below the water surface by injecting liquid such as water or seawater into the space inside the buoyancy box. By making the buoyancy box part a sealed structure, an appropriate amount of liquid is injected into the buoyancy box part to balance the weight and buoyancy of the reinforcing beam, thereby facilitating the attachment work of the reinforcing beam. In addition, since the normal usage pattern of the reinforcing beam is to float on the water surface, move to a predetermined location, and then sink to a predetermined depth, the buoyancy box 4 is provided with a bottom plate and a top plate, However, there is a case where a submerging operation is not necessary, and in this case, it is not always necessary to provide a top plate.

第1杭連結部5は壁体2と、仕切壁3と、該壁体2及び仕切壁3の上端部及び下端部に設けられた塞ぎ板9とからなっており、第2杭連結部6も第1杭連結部5と同一の構造を有している。図中に示したグラウトシール10は図2(c)に示されるように補強梁1を支持する支持材12に取り付けられている部材である。第1連結部5及び第2連結部6の下端部に設けられた塞ぎ板9及び支持材12に取り付けられたグラウトシール10は、第1杭連結部5及び第2杭連結部6が杭11、11’を包囲したときに杭連結部と杭とによって形成される空間の下端部を塞ぐようになっている。塞ぎ板9及びグラウトシール10は、杭連結部5、6を杭11、11’に取り付けた後に、杭11と杭連結部5、6の取り合い部にグラウトを注入して杭11と杭連結部5、6とを一体化する際に注入したグラウトが漏出するのを防ぐ。
前記塞ぎ板9は後述するように支持材が塞ぎ板を兼ねるようにする場合には、第1及び第2杭連結部の内壁の上端部のみに設けるようにしても良い。
なお、本願明細書では補強梁と杭とを一体化するためにグラウトを用いる場合について説明しているが、グラウトの代わりにコンクリートを用いても良い。
The 1st pile connection part 5 consists of the wall body 2, the partition wall 3, and the closing board 9 provided in the upper end part and lower end part of this wall body 2 and the partition wall 3, and the 2nd pile connection part 6 Also has the same structure as the first pile connecting portion 5. The grout seal 10 shown in the figure is a member attached to a support member 12 that supports the reinforcing beam 1 as shown in FIG. The grout seal 10 attached to the closing plate 9 and the support member 12 provided at the lower ends of the first connecting part 5 and the second connecting part 6 is the first pile connecting part 5 and the second pile connecting part 6 are piles 11. , 11 'is enclosed, the lower end part of the space formed by the pile connecting part and the pile is closed. The closing plate 9 and the grout seal 10 are attached to the piles 11 and 11 ′ after the pile connection parts 5 and 6 are attached to the pile 11 and the pile connection parts 5 and 6. Prevents the grout injected when 5 and 6 are integrated together from leaking out.
As will be described later, the closing plate 9 may be provided only at the upper end portions of the inner walls of the first and second pile connecting portions when the support material also serves as the closing plate.
In addition, in this specification, although the case where grout is used in order to integrate a reinforcement beam and a pile is demonstrated, you may use concrete instead of grout.

図3、図4に補強梁を支持する支持材12の一例を示す。支持材は受け材とこの受け材を支持する支持板とから構成することができる。
図3(a)に示した例では支持材12は、4分割された受け材17と複数の支持板13とからなり、各受け材17と各支持板13は、補強梁1の施工前に水中溶接又はボルトによって杭11に取り付けておく。支持材12は補強梁の鉛直方向の位置決めをすると共に、グラウト打設時の荷重を一時的に支持する機能を有する。図3(b)は図3(a)の支持材12の上面図である。図3(c)に示すように、受け材17の上面にはグラウトシール10を取り付けておき、グラウト打設時に塞ぎ板9と支持材12との間をシールしてグラウトが漏れるのを防ぐ。
3 and 4 show an example of the support material 12 that supports the reinforcing beam. The support material can be composed of a receiving material and a supporting plate that supports the receiving material.
In the example shown in FIG. 3A, the support material 12 includes a receiving material 17 divided into four parts and a plurality of support plates 13, and each receiving material 17 and each support plate 13 are arranged before the reinforcement beam 1 is constructed. It is attached to the pile 11 by underwater welding or bolts. The support member 12 has a function of positioning the reinforcing beam in the vertical direction and temporarily supporting a load at the time of placing the grout. FIG. 3B is a top view of the support member 12 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3C, a grout seal 10 is attached to the upper surface of the receiving member 17, and the gap between the closing plate 9 and the support member 12 is sealed to prevent the grout from leaking when the grout is placed.

また、図4は支持材の他の実施態様を示す図である。この例では、支持材は図4(b)に示すように4分割された受け材17と複数の支持板13とからなり、受け材17を第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の形状に合わせて四角形状とし、その上に同じく四角形状の外観を有するグラウトシールを載置し、杭連結部の底面部の壁体端部と支持材との間をグラウトシールでシールしたものである。このように支持材が第1、第2杭連結部の塞ぎ板を兼ねることにより、図3に示したような杭連結部の底面側の塞ぎ板を省略することができる。なお、図4(c)ではシール効果を確実にするために壁体端部に端部部材16を設けたが、壁体の厚みが充分ある場合にはこの端部部材は省略することができる。
施工後の補強梁は、引張り力に対してはボルトが抵抗し、補強梁が受ける圧縮力に対してはグラウトが抵抗する。
FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the support material. In this example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the support material includes a receiving material 17 divided into four parts and a plurality of support plates 13. The grout seal having the same quadrangular appearance is placed thereon, and the gap between the wall body end of the bottom of the pile connecting portion and the support material is sealed with a grout seal. . In this way, the supporting material also serves as a closing plate for the first and second pile connecting portions, so that the closing plate on the bottom side of the pile connecting portion as shown in FIG. 3 can be omitted. In FIG. 4C, the end member 16 is provided at the end of the wall to ensure the sealing effect. However, this end member can be omitted when the wall has a sufficient thickness. .
In the reinforcing beam after construction, the bolt resists the tensile force, and the grout resists the compressive force received by the reinforcing beam.

上記の例では補強梁1の杭連結部材5、6の蓋部8を補強梁本体にボルト締めする構成としたが、補強梁1の蓋部をボルト締めする操作は施工性が悪いため、図5に他の例としてボルトを用いない補強梁の例を示す。
図5に示すものは第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部をそれぞれ二つに分割した構造を有し、補強梁本体部20に対して蓋部21を開閉可能な構造としたものである。図5(a)、(b)は補強梁の全体構成を示す図であり、補強梁1は浮力函部4、第1杭連結部5及び第2杭連結部6からなっており、浮力函部4と杭連結部5、6の一部が補強梁本体部20を構成し、杭連結部5、6の残部が蓋部21を構成し、補強梁本体部20と蓋部21とはヒンジ(ロッド)継手23によって連結され、このヒンジ(ロッド)継手によって蓋部21が補強梁本体部20に対して開閉自在となっている。補強梁本体20と蓋部21との突き合わせ部にはかみ合わせ継手が設けられており、蓋部21はかみ合わせ継手22によって補強梁本体20に対して閉合可能となっている。
図5(b)は蓋部21が閉合した状態を示したものであり、かみ合わせ継手部22は図5(c)に示すように補強梁1の高さ方向に設けられる
In the above example, the lid portions 8 of the pile connecting members 5 and 6 of the reinforcing beam 1 are bolted to the reinforcing beam main body, but the operation of bolting the lid portion of the reinforcing beam 1 is poor in workability. 5 shows an example of a reinforcing beam that does not use bolts as another example.
The structure shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which each of the first pile connection portion and the second pile connection portion is divided into two, and the lid portion 21 can be opened and closed with respect to the reinforcing beam main body portion 20. . 5 (a) and 5 (b) are diagrams showing the overall configuration of the reinforcing beam. The reinforcing beam 1 includes a buoyancy box part 4, a first pile connection part 5, and a second pile connection part 6. Part 4 and part of pile connection parts 5 and 6 constitute reinforcing beam main body part 20, the rest of pile connection parts 5 and 6 constitute lid part 21, and reinforcing beam main body part 20 and lid part 21 are hinges. It is connected by a (rod) joint 23, and the lid 21 can be opened and closed with respect to the reinforcing beam main body 20 by this hinge (rod) joint. An engagement joint is provided at the abutting portion between the reinforcing beam main body 20 and the lid portion 21, and the lid portion 21 can be closed to the reinforcing beam main body 20 by the engagement joint 22.
FIG. 5B shows a state where the lid portion 21 is closed, and the meshing joint portion 22 is provided in the height direction of the reinforcing beam 1 as shown in FIG. 5C.

図6はかみ合わせ継手22の詳細を示した図であり、かみ合わせ継手22が係合するまでの過程を示した図である。
図6(a)は蓋部21を補強梁本体部20に向かって押し込む状態を示したものであり、補強梁本体部及び蓋部のそれぞれに係止片25が設けられている。
図6(b)は補強梁本体部20に向かって蓋部21を押し込んだ結果、蓋部21の係止片25が落下した状態を示している。
この状態で杭取り合い部にグラウトが注入されると杭連結部のグラウトによる内圧によって図6(c)に示すように蓋部21が後進して蓋部21の係止片25と補強梁本体部20の係止片25とが噛み合った状態となり、その後グラウトが固化する。
図6(d)は固化が完了してかみ合い継手22が強固に固定された状態を示している。この状態では引張り力に対してはかみ合い継手22が抵抗し、圧縮力に対してはグラウトが抵抗する。
また、蓋部21の継手部が本体の継手部に進入しやすいように図6(e)に示すように、継手の先端部にテーパーを設けることが好ましい。
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing details of the meshing joint 22 and showing a process until the meshing joint 22 is engaged.
FIG. 6A shows a state in which the lid 21 is pushed toward the reinforcing beam main body 20, and a locking piece 25 is provided on each of the reinforcing beam main body and the lid.
FIG. 6B shows a state in which the locking piece 25 of the lid portion 21 has fallen as a result of pushing the lid portion 21 toward the reinforcing beam main body portion 20.
In this state, when grout is injected into the pile joint portion, the lid portion 21 moves backward as shown in FIG. 6C due to the internal pressure caused by the grout of the pile connecting portion, and the locking piece 25 of the lid portion 21 and the reinforcing beam main body portion The 20 locking pieces 25 are engaged with each other, and then the grout is solidified.
FIG. 6D shows a state in which solidification is completed and the meshing joint 22 is firmly fixed. In this state, the mesh joint 22 resists the tensile force, and the grout resists the compressive force.
Moreover, it is preferable to provide a taper at the tip of the joint as shown in FIG. 6 (e) so that the joint portion of the lid portion 21 can easily enter the joint portion of the main body.

杭連結部の内壁には図7に示すようなグラウトのずれ止め用のアンカー部材を設けることによってグラウトのずれを防ぐことができる。
図7(a)はストラット壁面にスタッドを設けたものであり、図7(b)はストラット壁面に棒鋼を溶接で固定したものであり、図7(c)はストラット壁面に溶接ビードを形成したものである。
A grout shift can be prevented by providing an anchor member for preventing a grout shift as shown in FIG. 7 on the inner wall of the pile connecting portion.
FIG. 7 (a) shows a stud provided on the strut wall surface, FIG. 7 (b) shows a steel bar fixed to the strut wall surface by welding, and FIG. 7 (c) shows a weld bead formed on the strut wall surface. Is.

次に補強梁を杭に取り付ける方法の作業手順を図2に示した補強梁を用いた場合について説明する。
図7は補強梁を杭に取り付ける位置を決めると共にグラウト打設時に補強梁の荷重を一時的に支持するための支持材を水中溶接又はボルトによって取り付ける工程を示す図であり、図7(a)は正面図、図7(b)は平面図である。
Next, the work procedure of the method of attaching the reinforcing beam to the pile will be described in the case of using the reinforcing beam shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a process of deciding a position for attaching the reinforcing beam to the pile and attaching a support material for temporarily supporting the load of the reinforcing beam at the time of grout placement by underwater welding or a bolt. Is a front view, and FIG. 7B is a plan view.

図8は補強梁を所定の杭の位置に誘導する工程を示したものである。図8(b)に示すように補強梁1の4隅には補強梁を所定の位置に誘導するための4本のワイヤ26が設けられている。補強梁1は浮力函部の浮力によって水面に浮かんだ状態とされ、ワイヤを適宜の杭に掛け回して各ワイヤをウインチ27によって巻き上げることによって補強梁1を目的の杭の位置に誘導する。   FIG. 8 shows a process of guiding the reinforcing beam to a predetermined pile position. As shown in FIG. 8B, four wires 26 for guiding the reinforcing beam to predetermined positions are provided at the four corners of the reinforcing beam 1. The reinforcing beam 1 is floated on the surface of the water by the buoyancy of the buoyancy box, and the reinforcing beam 1 is guided to the target pile position by winding the wire around an appropriate pile and winding each wire by the winch 27.

図10は補強梁1を所定の杭11の位置に誘導して杭に仮固定する工程を示す図である。蓋部8が開放され、ワイヤ操作によって所定の杭まで誘導された補強梁1の杭連結部が杭を包囲した状態を示している。
図11は蓋部を閉合する状態を示しており、図12は蓋部を閉合しボルトを締結して蓋部の閉合を完了した状態を示している。
FIG. 10 is a view showing a process of guiding the reinforcing beam 1 to a predetermined pile 11 and temporarily fixing it to the pile. The lid 8 is opened, and the pile connecting portion of the reinforcing beam 1 guided to the predetermined pile by wire operation surrounds the pile.
FIG. 11 shows a state where the lid portion is closed, and FIG. 12 shows a state where the lid portion is closed and the bolt is fastened to complete the closing of the lid portion.

図13は、浮力函部内に液体(水、海水等)を注入して補強梁を所定の深さまで沈降させて支持体によって支持した状態を示している。この後、杭連結部の杭取り合い部にグラウトを注入し固化させて補強梁と杭とを一体化させることにより、補強作業を終了する。
なお、支持体の位置を適宜に調節することにより、補強梁の一部が水面上に現れるようにしても良いし、補強梁を更に深い位置で杭に取り付けてもよいが、図13に示すように水面下の浅い位置に取り付けることにより高い補強効果が得られる。
FIG. 13 shows a state in which liquid (water, seawater, etc.) is injected into the buoyancy box and the reinforcing beam is lowered to a predetermined depth and supported by the support. Then, grout is inject | poured into the pile connection part of a pile connection part, it is made to solidify, and a reinforcement beam and a pile are integrated, A reinforcement work is complete | finished.
Note that, by appropriately adjusting the position of the support, a part of the reinforcing beam may appear on the water surface, or the reinforcing beam may be attached to the pile at a deeper position, as shown in FIG. Thus, a high reinforcing effect can be obtained by attaching to a shallow position below the water surface.

本発明の補強梁は前記したようにその材料を杭よりも大きな剛性を有するものとし、かつその梁高を杭の直径よりも大きくすることが好ましい。梁高の高い部材を杭に被せて補強梁そのもので杭を高さ方向に補強するため、軸力の他、曲げモーメントを伝えるため杭同士を結合する効果は従来のストラットやブレースを用いるものに比べてより高いものとなる。そして、こうした効果により、少ない部材数での補強が可能となるため工期を短縮することができる。既設桟橋の補強では、施工期間の短縮化が必須であるため本発明の補強工法は特に有効である。
また、地震の際には地盤は揺れの周期の特性(地震卓越周期)を示すが、補強梁によって水中構造物の杭を補強すると共に、補強梁の浮力函部内に重量のある固形材料(例えばコンクリート、礫等)を施工して水中構造物の重量付けを行い、水中構造物の固有周期を変えて地震卓越周期から水中構造物の固有周期を離すことによって耐震性を向上することができる。
As described above, it is preferable that the reinforcing beam of the present invention is made of a material having rigidity higher than that of the pile, and the height of the beam is larger than the diameter of the pile. Since the pile is covered with a member with a high beam height and the pile is reinforced in the height direction with the reinforcing beam itself, the effect of combining the piles to transmit the bending moment in addition to the axial force is that of using conventional struts and braces. It will be higher than that. And since such an effect enables reinforcement with a small number of members, the construction period can be shortened. In the reinforcement of the existing jetty, it is essential to shorten the construction period, so that the reinforcing method of the present invention is particularly effective.
In addition, in the event of an earthquake, the ground shows the characteristics of the period of shaking (earthquake-dominated period), while reinforcing piles of underwater structures are reinforced by reinforcing beams, and heavy solid materials (for example, in the buoyancy box of the reinforcing beams) Concrete, gravel, etc.) can be constructed to weight the underwater structure, and the seismic resistance can be improved by changing the natural period of the underwater structure and separating the natural period of the underwater structure from the seismic dominant period.

本発明の補強工法によれば、作業が容易でかつ急速施工が可能であるため、供用中の水中構造物の作業への影響が少く、また、補強体は浮力を利用しながらワイヤ操作で杭に取り付けるため大型作業船を必要とせず施工が容易で施工期間を短縮することができるので、杭式水中構造物の補強工法として好適である。   According to the reinforcing method of the present invention, the work is easy and rapid construction is possible, so there is little influence on the work of the underwater structure in service, and the reinforcing body is piled by wire operation while utilizing buoyancy. Therefore, the construction work is easy and the construction period can be shortened without requiring a large work boat, so that it is suitable as a reinforcing method for pile-type underwater structures.

1 補強梁
2 壁体
3 仕切壁
4 浮力函部(中央区画部)
5 第1杭連結部(第1区画部)
6 第2杭連結部(第2区画部)
7 ヒンジ
8 蓋部
9 塞ぎ板
10 グラウトシール
11,11’ 杭(既設杭)
12 支持材
13 支持板
14 底板
15 頂板
16 端部部材
17 受け材
20 補強梁本体部
21 蓋部
22 かみ合わせ継手
23 ヒンジ(ロッド)継手
24 杭取り合い部
25 係止片
26 ワイヤ
27 ウインチ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reinforcement beam 2 Wall body 3 Partition wall 4 Buoyancy box part (central partition part)
5 1st pile connection part (1st division part)
6 2nd pile connection part (2nd division part)
7 Hinge 8 Lid 9 Closing plate 10 Grout seal 11, 11 'Pile (existing pile)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Support material 13 Support plate 14 Bottom plate 15 Top plate 16 End member 17 Receiving material 20 Reinforcement beam main body part 21 Cover part 22 Engagement joint 23 Hinge (rod) joint 24 Pile joint part 25 Locking piece 26 Wire 27 Winch

Claims (14)

水中の地盤に下端部が埋設された複数の杭と、前記複数の杭によって支持された上部構造体とを有する水中構造物の補強を行うために杭に取り付けられる補強梁であって、該補強梁は前、後、左及び右の各側面を形成する4つの壁体と、該壁体によって形成される内部空間を中央区画部と左右の第1区画部及び第2区画部とに分ける二つの仕切壁と、中央区画部の底板又は底板及び頂板とからなり、中央区画部は浮力函部を構成し、第1区画部及び第2区画部は壁体の一部が補強梁本体に対して開閉可能な蓋部を形成しており、第1区画部及び第2区画部が杭の鉛直方向の一部を包囲して杭に取り付け可能な第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部を構成していることを特徴とする補強梁。   A reinforcing beam attached to a pile to reinforce an underwater structure having a plurality of piles having lower ends embedded in the underwater ground and an upper structure supported by the plurality of piles, the reinforcement The beam is divided into four walls forming the front, rear, left and right side surfaces, and an internal space formed by the walls is divided into a central partition and first and second partitions. It consists of two partition walls and the bottom plate or the bottom plate and the top plate of the central partition part, the central partition part constitutes a buoyancy box part, and the first partition part and the second partition part are part of the wall body with respect to the reinforcing beam body The lid part which can be opened and closed is formed, the 1st division part and the 2nd division part enclose a part of the vertical direction of a pile, and can attach the 1st pile connection part and the 2nd pile connection part which can be attached to a pile. Reinforcement beam characterized by comprising. 第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の内壁の上端部及び下端部に、又は上端部のみに前記内壁と杭との間を塞ぐ塞ぎ板を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の補強梁。   The closing plate which plugs between the said inner wall and a pile is provided in the upper end part and lower end part of the inner wall of a 1st pile connection part and a 2nd pile connection part, or only in an upper end part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Reinforcement beam. 前記補強梁の梁高は杭の直径以上の寸法であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の補強梁。   The reinforcing beam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a beam height of the reinforcing beam is not less than a diameter of a pile. 前記第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の前面の壁体が補強梁本体に対してヒンジによって開閉可能な蓋部を構成していることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の補強梁。   The front wall of each of the first pile connecting portion and the second pile connecting portion constitutes a lid portion that can be opened and closed by a hinge with respect to the reinforcing beam main body. Reinforcement beam as described. 前記蓋部の閉合が蓋部を補強梁本体に対してボルト締めすることによって行われるようになっていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の補強梁。   The reinforcing beam according to claim 4, wherein the closing of the lid portion is performed by bolting the lid portion to the reinforcing beam main body. 前記第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部のそれぞれは二つの部分に分割されてヒンジを介して連結されて、一方の分割部分が他方の分割部分を備えた補強梁本体に対して開閉可能な蓋部と成っており、蓋部の閉合が蓋部及び補強梁本体の夫々に設けたかみ合わせ継手の係止片を係合させることによって行われるようになっていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の補強梁。   Each of the first pile connection part and the second pile connection part is divided into two parts and connected via a hinge, and one of the divided parts can be opened and closed with respect to the reinforcing beam body provided with the other divided part. A lid portion is formed, and the closure of the lid portion is performed by engaging a locking piece of a meshing joint provided on each of the lid portion and the reinforcing beam main body. The reinforcing beam according to any one of 1 to 3. 前記第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の内壁面にグラウトのずれ止め用のアンカー部材が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の補強梁。   The reinforcing beam according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an anchor member for preventing grout displacement is provided on inner wall surfaces of the first pile connecting portion and the second pile connecting portion. 水中の地盤に下端部が埋設された複数の杭と、前記複数の杭によって支持された上部構造体とを有する水中構造物を補強する補強工法において、
請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の補強梁を水面に浮遊させる工程、
補強梁を取り付けようとする二つの杭の位置に補強梁を誘導する工程、
補強梁の杭連結部の壁面によって杭を包囲する工程、
杭連結部の蓋部を閉合する工程、
及び
杭と杭連結部との取り合い部にグラウトを注入して補強梁と杭とを一体化する工程、
を有することを特徴とする補強工法。
In a reinforcement method for reinforcing an underwater structure having a plurality of piles whose lower ends are embedded in the underwater ground and an upper structure supported by the plurality of piles,
A step of floating the reinforcing beam according to any one of claims 1 to 7 on a water surface;
A step of guiding the reinforcing beam to the position of the two piles to which the reinforcing beam is to be attached;
A process of surrounding the pile by the wall surface of the pile connection part of the reinforcing beam;
The process of closing the lid of the pile connection,
And a process of injecting grout into the joint between the pile and the pile connecting portion to integrate the reinforcing beam and the pile,
Reinforcement method characterized by having.
補強梁の浮力函部に液体を注入して補強梁を所定の深さに沈降させる工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の補強工法。 The reinforcing method according to claim 8, further comprising a step of injecting a liquid into a buoyancy box of the reinforcing beam to sink the reinforcing beam to a predetermined depth. 杭に支持材を取り付けておき、この支持材によって補強梁を支持することを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の補強工法。   The reinforcing method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a support material is attached to the pile, and the reinforcing beam is supported by the support material. 補強梁を誘導するための複数本のワイヤを補強梁に取り付けて、ワイヤを操作することにより補強梁を所定の位置に誘導することを特徴とする請求項8〜10のいずれかに記載の補強工法。 11. The reinforcement according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of wires for guiding the reinforcing beam are attached to the reinforcing beam, and the reinforcing beam is guided to a predetermined position by operating the wire. Construction method. 補強梁として、第1杭連結部及び第2杭連結部の上端部のみに塞ぎ板を設けた補強梁を用い、前記支持材が下端部の塞ぎ板を兼ねるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項10又は11に記載の補強工法。   A reinforcing beam having a closing plate provided only at the upper end portions of the first pile connecting portion and the second pile connecting portion is used as the reinforcing beam, and the support material also serves as a closing plate at the lower end portion. Item 10. The reinforcing method according to item 10 or 11. 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の補強梁によって補強したことを特徴とする水中構造物。 An underwater structure reinforced by the reinforcing beam according to claim 1. 補強梁の浮力函部に固体材料を充填することにより水中構造物の固有周期を変えたこと特徴とする請求項13に記載の水中構造物。
The underwater structure according to claim 13, wherein the natural period of the underwater structure is changed by filling the buoyancy box of the reinforcing beam with a solid material.
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