JP5131659B2 - Wall surface structure and wall surface and wooden frame construction method building and heterogeneous structure building using the same - Google Patents
Wall surface structure and wall surface and wooden frame construction method building and heterogeneous structure building using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5131659B2 JP5131659B2 JP2007240462A JP2007240462A JP5131659B2 JP 5131659 B2 JP5131659 B2 JP 5131659B2 JP 2007240462 A JP2007240462 A JP 2007240462A JP 2007240462 A JP2007240462 A JP 2007240462A JP 5131659 B2 JP5131659 B2 JP 5131659B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wall surface
- wall
- building
- wooden frame
- foundation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Description
本発明は、木造軸組工法建築物または鉄筋コンクリートから成る地上部分の上に木造軸組構造が形成される異種構造建築物における壁面構造および壁面に関する。 The present invention relates to a wall surface structure and a wall surface in a different structure building in which a wooden frame structure is formed on a ground part made of a wooden frame structure building or reinforced concrete.
一般に、日本家屋の伝統的工法建築物として知られる木造軸組工法建築物は、例えば、土台、柱、胴差し、桁、筋交い等の構造材が「仕口」や「継手」等の釘を用いない連結構造により結合された木造骨組みを有する建築物であり、このような木造軸組工法建築物には、建築時には適法に建てられたものの、その後、法令の改正や都市計画変更等によって不適格となった建築物である既存不適格建築物が多数現存する。
このような既存不適格建築物は、そのまま使用していてもただちに違法というわけではないが、耐震性や耐久性を十分に備えているとはいえず、増築や建替え等を行う際には、法令に適合するよう建築する必要があった。
また、木造軸組工法建築物は、その主構成材料が木材であるため、鉄筋コンクリートからなる建築物と比較した場合、特に耐震性、耐火性、耐久性において不利である。
そこで、上述のような課題に対処するため、木造軸組工法建築物に優れた耐震性、耐火性、あるいは耐久性を有する建材であるコンクリート又はプレキャストコンクリート（ＰＣａ）を導入した建築物に関する発明が開示されている。
In general, a wooden frame construction method building known as a traditional construction method of a Japanese house, for example, a structural material such as a base, a pillar, a girder, a girder, a brace, etc. It is a building with a wooden frame that is connected by a connection structure that is not used.Such a wooden frame construction method was built legally at the time of construction, but it was not changed due to revisions to laws and regulations, city planning changes, etc. There are many existing ineligible buildings that are qualified buildings.
Such existing ineligible buildings are not illegal immediately even if they are used as they are, but they cannot be said to have sufficient earthquake resistance and durability. Therefore, it was necessary to construct it so as to comply with the law.
Moreover, since the main structural material of a wooden frame construction method building is wood, it is disadvantageous particularly in terms of earthquake resistance, fire resistance and durability when compared with a building made of reinforced concrete.
Then, in order to cope with the above-mentioned problems, an invention related to a building in which concrete or precast concrete (PCa), which is a building material having excellent earthquake resistance, fire resistance, or durability, is applied to a wooden frame construction method building. It is disclosed.
特許文献１には「耐震パネル及び耐震軸組構造」という名称で、耐熱性、耐久性、軽量、高強度、断熱性及び耐震性に優れた建物の壁材等に使用される耐震パネルと、この耐震パネルを壁の一部に組込んで構成した耐震性軸組構造に関する発明が開示されている。
特許文献１に記載される「耐震パネル及び耐震軸組構造」は、断熱材の表面を除く他の両側面、上下面、及び裏面の合計５面を、ガラスを主成分とする完全無機質焼成体を人工軽量骨材として用いた軽量コンクリートで一体的に囲繞して構成したことを特徴とするものである。
さらに、当該発明は、上述のような特許文献１に係る耐震パネルの上端をボルトで桁に、また、その下端をボルトで土台に固定して耐震軸組構造を形成している。
また、この壁面構造は水平方向に複数に分割されて、それぞれの耐震パネルがボルトにより固定されてもよい。
特許文献１に係る耐震軸組構造は、上述のような構成を有する耐震パネルを鉄骨造或は木造軸組の壁構造の一部に組込んで軸組を構成することで、軸組全体の耐力及び耐震性を著しく向上させることができるという効果を有する。
In Patent Document 1, the name “seismic panel and seismic frame structure” is used, and the seismic panel used for the wall material of the building excellent in heat resistance, durability, light weight, high strength, heat insulation and earthquake resistance, An invention relating to an earthquake-resistant frame structure in which this earthquake-resistant panel is incorporated into a part of a wall is disclosed.
The “earthquake-resistant panel and earthquake-resistant frame structure” described in Patent Document 1 is a completely inorganic fired body mainly composed of glass on a total of five surfaces, ie, both side surfaces, upper and lower surfaces, and back surface, excluding the surface of the heat insulating material. It is characterized by being integrally surrounded by lightweight concrete used as an artificial lightweight aggregate.
Further, in the present invention, the upper end of the earthquake-resistant panel according to Patent Document 1 as described above is fixed to a girder with a bolt and the lower end is fixed to a base with a bolt to form an earthquake-resistant frame structure.
Moreover, this wall surface structure may be divided into a plurality of parts in the horizontal direction, and the respective earthquake-resistant panels may be fixed by bolts.
The seismic frame structure according to Patent Document 1 is constructed by incorporating a seismic panel having the above-described structure into a part of a wall structure of a steel frame or a wooden frame, thereby forming the frame. It has the effect that the proof stress and the earthquake resistance can be remarkably improved.
また、特許文献２には「耐震コアに依る木造耐震建築」という名称で、壁式鉄筋コンクリート造の耐震構造を、在来木造軸組工法の建築物に組み込んだ建築物に関する発明が開示されている。
特許文献２に係る発明は、壁式鉄筋コンクリート造の耐震構造（耐震コア）を、１階重心附近に配置し、さらに、鉄筋コンクリート造の地中梁及び土間スラブと一体化して施工したことを特徴とするものである。
上記構成の特許文献２に記載の発明によれば、在来木造軸組工法の建築物に壁式鉄筋コンクリート造の耐震構造を組み合わせることで建物の耐震性を大幅に向上させることができるという効果を有する。
Patent Document 2 discloses an invention relating to a building in which a seismic structure of a wall-type reinforced concrete structure is incorporated into a building of a conventional wooden frame construction method under the name of “a wooden earthquake-resistant building that uses an earthquake-resistant core”. .
The invention according to Patent Document 2 is characterized in that the seismic structure (seismic core) of the wall-type reinforced concrete is arranged near the center of gravity of the first floor, and is further constructed by being integrated with the underground beam and soil slab of reinforced concrete. To do.
According to the invention described in Patent Document 2 having the above-described configuration, it is possible to significantly improve the earthquake resistance of a building by combining a conventional wooden frame construction method with a wall-type reinforced concrete earthquake-resistant structure. Have.
さらに、特許文献３には「木造構造物の耐震構造」という名称で、木造構造物の要所にコンクリート補強壁を形成し、この補強壁に木造構造物の柱をボルトで固定した木造構造物の耐震構造に関する発明が開示されている。
特許文献３に係る発明は、コンクリート基礎上に構築した木造骨組み体を有する木造建造物において、コンクリート基礎上に固定された土台と、この土台上に固定されて上下方向に延びる通し柱又は管柱と、通し柱又は管柱に固定されて水平方向に延びる胴差又は桁とを少なくとも含み、コンクリート基礎には通し柱又は管柱の側面の下端から所定高さまでの部分と接するコンクリート補強壁面が一体的に形成され、このコンクリート補強壁面には通し柱又は管柱の側面と接する箇所に少なくとも１本のアンカーボルトが埋設され、この少なくとも１本のアンカーボルトが上記通し柱又は管柱を挿通してナットに螺締されていることを特徴とするものである。
上記構成の特許文献３に記載の発明によれば、木造構造物の耐震性を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
Further, Patent Document 3 has a name of “seismic structure of a wooden structure”. A wooden structure in which a concrete reinforcing wall is formed at an important point of the wooden structure, and a pillar of the wooden structure is fixed to the reinforcing wall with a bolt. An invention relating to the seismic structure is disclosed.
The invention according to Patent Document 3 is a wooden structure having a wooden frame constructed on a concrete foundation, a foundation fixed on the concrete foundation, and a through pillar or tube pillar fixed on the foundation and extending vertically. , Including at least a trunk difference or a girder that is fixed to the through pillar or the pipe pillar and extends in the horizontal direction, and the concrete foundation is integrally formed with the concrete foundation in contact with the part from the lower end of the side face of the through pillar or the pipe pillar to a predetermined height At least one anchor bolt is embedded in the concrete reinforcing wall surface in contact with the side surface of the through column or tube column, and the at least one anchor bolt is inserted through the through column or tube column and screwed to the nut. It is characterized by that.
According to the invention described in Patent Document 3 having the above configuration, it is possible to improve the earthquake resistance of the wooden structure.
しかしながら、木造軸組構造の壁面に特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルを用いた場合、複数の特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルで壁面を構成することで壁面の構成材料を小型化することができるものの、特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルは、木造軸組構造の土台及び桁にボルトで固定されるため、万一、土台が腐朽してしまった場合には十分な耐震性及び耐久性が期待できない可能性が高かった。
また、木造軸組構造の壁面を複数の特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルで構成する場合、特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルを個別にボルトで桁や土台に固定したり、あるいは、特許文献１に記載の耐震パネル同士を個別にボルトで固定する必要があり、施工時の作業効率を向上し難いという課題があった。
さらに、土台に特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルを固定するアンカー筋を基礎に埋設し、接着剤で固定した場合には、基礎を構成するコンクリートよりも接着剤の方が先に劣化してしまう可能性が高い。
このため、万一、接着剤の劣化が進行した場合には、特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルに作用する力を基礎で受けることができず、この点からも十分な耐震性が発揮されない可能性が高かった。
加えて、特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルは土台に固定するよう構成されている。
つまり、特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルを土台に固定する場合、予め土台にアンカー筋を固定しておく必要がある。すなわち、既存の木造軸組工法建築物を改築又は改修する際に、土台を一旦取外すなどして土台にアンカー筋を固定する必要があり作業性が低下する可能性があり、特許文献１に記載の耐震パネルを既存土台に設置することは難しいという課題があった。
しかも、多大な労力をかけて建築物を改修した場合も依然として同じ場所で土台の腐朽等に伴う壁面の耐震性や耐久性の低下が生じる恐れがあり、問題の根本的な解決を図ることが難しいという課題もあった。
However, when the earthquake-resistant panel described in Patent Document 1 is used for the wall surface of the wooden frame structure, the wall-constituting material can be downsized by configuring the wall surface with the plurality of earthquake-resistant panels described in Patent Document 1. However, the earthquake-resistant panel described in Patent Document 1 is secured to the base and girders of the wooden frame structure with bolts, so that in the unlikely event that the base is corrupted, sufficient earthquake resistance and durability are expected. It was likely not possible.
Moreover, when the wall surface of a wooden frame structure is comprised with the earthquake-resistant panel of several patent document 1, the earthquake-resistant panel of patent document 1 is separately fixed to a girder or a foundation with a volt | bolt, or patent document 1 There is a problem that it is difficult to improve the work efficiency at the time of construction because it is necessary to individually fix the earthquake-resistant panels described in 1 to 3 with bolts.
Furthermore, when the anchor reinforcement which fixes the earthquake-resistant panel of patent document 1 to the foundation is embed | buried in the foundation and it fixes with an adhesive agent, the adhesive will deteriorate earlier than the concrete which comprises a foundation. Probability is high.
For this reason, if the deterioration of the adhesive progresses, the force acting on the earthquake resistant panel described in Patent Document 1 cannot be received on the basis, and sufficient earthquake resistance may not be exhibited from this point as well. The nature was high.
In addition, the earthquake-resistant panel described in Patent Document 1 is configured to be fixed to the base.
That is, when fixing the earthquake-resistant panel of patent document 1 to a base, it is necessary to fix an anchor reinforcement to a base beforehand. That is, when remodeling or refurbishing an existing wooden frame construction method building, it is necessary to fix the anchor bar to the base by temporarily removing the base and the workability may be reduced. There was a problem that it was difficult to install the seismic panels in the existing foundation.
In addition, even if a large amount of labor is applied to renovate a building, there may still be a decline in the earthquake resistance and durability of the wall due to decay of the foundation at the same location, so that the fundamental problem can be solved. There was also a problem that it was difficult.
また、上述の特許文献２に記載の発明では、在来木造軸組工法の建築物の耐震性を向上させることができると考えられるものの、耐震コア部分の剛性が他の構造に比べて大幅に高くなってしまい、地震や風圧による水平力が壁式鉄筋コンクリート造の耐震構造に作用した際に、耐震コア部分と木造軸組構造の連結部分に過剰な負荷がかかる恐れがあった。
このため、地震や風圧により建築物の局所が破損してしまう恐れがあった。
また、特許文献２に記載の発明においては、耐震構造が壁式鉄筋コンクリート造であるため、その剛性を自由に調節することが難しいという課題もあった。
Moreover, in the invention described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, although it is considered that the earthquake resistance of the building of the conventional wooden frame construction method can be improved, the rigidity of the earthquake-resistant core portion is significantly larger than that of other structures. When the horizontal force due to the earthquake or wind pressure acts on the seismic structure of the wall-type reinforced concrete structure, there is a risk that an excessive load is applied to the seismic core part and the connecting part of the wooden frame structure.
For this reason, there was a risk of local damage to the building due to earthquakes or wind pressure.
Moreover, in invention of patent document 2, since the earthquake-proof structure was wall-type reinforced concrete structure, there also existed a subject that it was difficult to adjust the rigidity freely.
さらに、上述の特許文献３に記載の発明においても、特許文献２に記載の発明の場合と同様に、コンクリート補強壁面の剛性が他の壁面の剛性に比べて大幅に高いので、地震や風圧による水平力が作用した場合に、やはり建築物の局所が破損してしまう恐れがあった。 Furthermore, in the invention described in Patent Document 3 described above, as in the case of the invention described in Patent Document 2, the rigidity of the concrete reinforcing wall surface is significantly higher than the rigidity of other wall surfaces. When horizontal force was applied, there was a risk that the local area of the building would be damaged.
本発明はかかる従来の事情に対処してなされたものであり、鉄筋コンクリートからなる壁面の利点である耐震性、耐火性、耐水性及び耐久性を備えながら、その剛性を、従来木造軸組工法建築物に用いられる土塗壁や構造用合板を用いた壁面の剛性と同程度に調整することができ、しかも、新築、既存を問わずその施工が容易な壁面構造及び壁面及びそれを用いた木造軸組工法建築物及び異種構造建築物を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in response to such a conventional situation, and has the seismic resistance, fire resistance, water resistance, and durability, which are the advantages of a wall surface made of reinforced concrete, while maintaining its rigidity in a conventional wooden frame construction method construction. Wall structure and wall surface that can be adjusted to the same degree as the wall surface using earthen walls and structural plywood used for objects, and can be easily constructed regardless of whether it is new or existing, and wooden structures using the same It is to provide a frame construction method building and a heterogeneous structure building.
請求項１に記載の発明である壁面構造は、木造軸組工法建築物における壁面構造であって、鉄筋コンクリートから成る基礎と、この基礎に埋設されるアンカーボルトと、基礎上に積み重ねられて壁面を構成するプレキャストコンクリートから成る中実な壁部材とを有し、アンカーボルトの基礎上の露出部分は、基礎の真上に配置される桁材の上面近傍まで延設され、壁部材は、その高さ方向にアンカーボルトを挿通させるための貫通孔を備えて、この貫通孔にアンカーボルトを挿通させながら基礎上に積み重ねられ、アンカーボルトは、桁材をその材成方向に貫通し、アンカーボルトの端部が桁材の上面近傍に固定され、壁部材同士の接触面は互いに接合されておらず、これにより壁面は縦横にスリットが形成された状態であることを特徴とするものである。
上記構成の壁面構造において、ＰＣａから成る壁部材は建築物の壁面を形成すると同時に、この壁面に土塗壁や構造用合板を用いた壁面よりも高い耐震性，耐火性，耐水性，耐久性を付与するという作用を有する。
また、基礎は壁部材を支持すると同時に、壁部材から伝達される水平力を地中に逃がすという作用を有する。
さらに、アンカーボルトは複数の壁部材と、基礎及び桁を鉛直方向に一体に連結するという作用を有する。
つまり、上記構成の請求項１に記載の壁面構造は、建築物の壁面に鉛直方向及び水平方向に伸びるスリットを形成させるという作用を有する。
このとき、建築物の壁面に形成されるスリットは、壁面の全体が一体のＰＣａにより構成された場合に比べて、壁面の剛性を低下させるという作用を有する。
また、壁部材を、土台を介することなく直接基礎に定着させることで、アンカーボルト及びこのアンカーボルトに延設される接合ボルトの強度を十分に発揮させるという作用を有する。
よって、請求項１記載の壁面構造は、壁面と基礎を一体化すると同時に、壁面の剛性をその周囲の構造材や請求項１記載の壁面構造以外の壁面に近づけるという作用を有する。
The wall surface structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is a wall surface structure in a wooden frame construction method building, comprising a foundation made of reinforced concrete, an anchor bolt embedded in the foundation, and a wall surface stacked on the foundation. A solid wall member made of precast concrete, and the exposed portion of the anchor bolt on the foundation is extended to the vicinity of the upper surface of the girder arranged just above the foundation, A through-hole for inserting the anchor bolt in the vertical direction is provided, and the anchor bolt is stacked on the foundation while the anchor bolt is inserted through the through-hole. end is fixed near the upper surface of the beam members, the contact surfaces of the wall members to each other is not joined to one another, thereby wall and said state der Rukoto in which slits are formed in a matrix Is shall.
In the wall structure of the above configuration, the wall member made of PCa forms the wall surface of the building, and at the same time has higher earthquake resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability than the wall surface using earthen wall or structural plywood on this wall surface It has the effect | action of providing.
Further, the foundation supports the wall member, and at the same time, has an effect of releasing the horizontal force transmitted from the wall member into the ground.
Furthermore, an anchor bolt has the effect | action of integrally connecting a some wall member, a foundation, and a girder in the perpendicular direction.
That is, the wall surface structure according to claim 1 having the above configuration has an effect of forming slits extending in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction on the wall surface of the building.
At this time, the slit formed in the wall surface of the building has an effect of reducing the rigidity of the wall surface as compared with the case where the entire wall surface is constituted by an integral PCa.
Moreover, it has the effect | action of fully exhibiting the intensity | strength of an anchor bolt and the joining bolt extended to this anchor bolt by fixing a wall member to a foundation directly, without going through a base.
Therefore, the wall surface structure described in claim 1 has an effect of bringing the wall surface and the foundation together, and at the same time, bringing the rigidity of the wall surface closer to the surrounding structural material and the wall surface other than the wall surface structure described in claim 1.
請求項２に記載の発明である壁面構造は、請求項１に記載の壁面構造であって、壁面構造は、高さの異なる第２の壁部材を有することを特徴とするものである。
上記構成の壁面構造は、請求項１に記載の壁面構造と同じ作用に加えて、例えば、壁部材を規格化して工場での量産を可能にするという作用を有する。
また、この壁部材と高さの異なる第２の壁部材を備えることで、階高の異なる建築物を構築する場合であっても基礎と桁下の間に略隙間なく壁面を形成させるという作用を有する。
この時、最上層に配置される壁部材の上面は、その真上に配置される桁及び、桁に作用する荷重を支持するという作用を有する。
A wall surface structure according to a second aspect of the present invention is the wall surface structure according to the first aspect, wherein the wall surface structure includes second wall members having different heights.
In addition to the same operation as that of the wall structure according to the first aspect, the wall structure having the above-described structure has an operation of, for example, standardizing wall members to enable mass production at a factory.
In addition, by providing the second wall member having a height different from that of the wall member, even when a building having a different floor height is constructed, the wall surface is formed without a substantial gap between the foundation and the beam. Have
At this time, the upper surface of the wall member arranged in the uppermost layer has an action of supporting a girder arranged just above it and a load acting on the girder.
請求項３に記載の発明である壁面は、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造を建築物の壁面の少なくとも一部に備えることを特徴とするものである。
上記構成の壁面は、建築物の壁面の少なくとも一部に請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造を備えるものであり、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の発明と同様の作用を有する。
また、請求項３記載の発明は、壁面において請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造を備えない部分に、例えば、窓やドア等を取付けたり、あるいは出入口や通気孔等として利用可能な開口を形成させるという作用を有する。
あるいは、壁面における所望の箇所の耐震性，耐火性，耐水性，耐久性を向上させるという作用を有する。
A wall surface according to a third aspect of the present invention comprises the wall surface structure according to the first or second aspect on at least a part of a wall surface of a building.
The wall surface of the said structure equips at least one part of the wall surface of a building with the wall surface structure of Claim 1 or Claim 2, and has the effect | action similar to the invention of Claim 1 or Claim 2. .
Further, the invention described in claim 3 can be used as, for example, a window or a door attached to a portion of the wall surface that does not have the wall surface structure described in claim 1 or 2, or used as an entrance / exit or a vent hole. It has the effect of forming an opening.
Or it has the effect | action of improving the earthquake resistance of the desired location in a wall surface, fire resistance, water resistance, and durability.
請求項４に記載の発明である木造軸組工法建築物は、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造あるいは請求項３記載の壁面を有することを特徴とするものである。
上記構成の木造軸組工法建築物において、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造あるいは請求項３記載の壁面は、請求項１乃至請求項３に記載のそれぞれの発明の作用と同じの作用を有する。
また、請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物は、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造あるいは請求項３記載の壁面を備えることで、例えば、水回りや火回りである浴室、トイレ、台所等を構成する壁面の耐水性や耐火性及び耐久性を向上させるという作用を有する。
また、請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物において、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造あるいは請求項３記載の壁面が、従来公知の壁面の剛性と近い剛性を備えることで、建築物における他の構造材や壁面と調和させることができ、この結果、建物全体の耐力を向上させて耐震性を高めるという作用を有する。
A wooden frame construction method building according to a fourth aspect of the present invention has the wall surface structure according to the first or second aspect or the wall surface according to the third aspect.
In the wooden frame construction method building having the above structure, the wall surface structure according to claim 1 or claim 2 or the wall surface according to claim 3 is the same as the function of each invention according to claims 1 to 3. Has an effect.
Moreover, the wooden frame construction method building of Claim 4 is equipped with the wall surface structure of Claim 1 or Claim 2, or the wall surface of Claim 3, for example, the bathroom which is a water circumference or a fire circumference. It has the effect of improving the water resistance, fire resistance and durability of the wall surfaces constituting toilets, kitchens and the like.
Moreover, in the wooden frame construction method building of Claim 4, the wall surface structure of Claim 1 or Claim 2 or the wall surface of Claim 3 is provided with the rigidity close | similar to the rigidity of a conventionally well-known wall surface. It can be harmonized with other structural materials and wall surfaces in the building, and as a result, it has the effect of improving the proof strength of the entire building and improving the earthquake resistance.
請求項５に記載の発明である異種構造建築物は、鉄筋コンクリートから成る地上部分と、この地上部分の上に形成される木造軸組構造とから形成される異種構造建築物であって、木造軸組構造は、請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の壁面構造又は壁面を有することを特徴とするものである。
上記構成の異種構造建築物は、請求項４に記載の発明における基礎が、鉄筋コンクリートから成る地上部分に置き換えられたものであり、請求項４に記載の発明と同じ作用を有する。
A dissimilar structure building according to claim 5 is a dissimilar structure building formed from a ground part made of reinforced concrete and a wooden frame structure formed on the ground part, The assembled structure has the wall surface structure or wall surface according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The dissimilar structure building having the above-described structure is obtained by replacing the foundation in the invention described in claim 4 with a ground portion made of reinforced concrete, and has the same action as that of the invention described in claim 4.
本発明の請求項１に記載の壁面構造によれば、壁面をＰＣａから成る壁部材により形成することで、壁面に高い耐震性，耐火性，耐水性及び耐久性を付与することができるという効果を有する。
また、壁面を個片化された壁部材で構成し、この壁部材を基礎上に積み重ねてその鉛直方向（高さ方向）のみをアンカーボルト又はアンカーボルトとそれに延設される接合ボルトにより桁材に固定することで、壁面の鉛直方向及び水平方向に少なくとも１のスリットを形成することができるという効果を有する。
そしてこのスリットを設けることで、壁面の耐震性，耐火性，耐水性及び耐久性を維持したままその剛性を低下させることができ、例えば木造軸組工法建築物において、請求項１に記載の壁面構造を備える壁面の剛性を、この構造を備えない壁面の剛性に近似させることができるという効果を有する。
また、この時、壁面を構成するＰＣａから成る壁部材１つ当たりの幅を小さくすることで、壁面の鉛直方向及び水平方向に形成されるスリットの数を増加させることができる。このため、請求項１に記載の壁面構造を有する壁面の剛性を所望の大きさに調整することができるという効果を有する。
この結果、請求項１に記載の壁面構造から成る壁面と、請求項１に記載の壁面構造を有さない壁面との間に、これらの剛性の違いによる応力の発生を防止することができるという効果を有する。よって、地震や強風時に請求項１に記載の壁面構造から成る壁面と、請求項１に記載の壁面構造を有さない壁面の間に偏った力が作用して木造軸組構造が破損するのを防止することができるという効果を有する。
また、請求項１に記載の壁面構造は、既存の木造軸組工法建築物に後付で施工することができるという効果を有する。
このため、既存不適格建築物を増築又は改築する際に、請求項１に記載の壁面構造を既存の建築物内に形成することで、この建築物の壁面の壁倍率に換算した耐力と剛性を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
この結果、既存不適格建築物を法令に適合する建築物にすることができるという効果を有する。
また、壁面を構成する壁部材を個片化することで、施工時の壁部材の持ち運びを容易にすることができるという効果を有する。さらに、この壁部材を予め工場で量産することで、請求項１に記載の壁面構造の施工にかかるコストを低減することができるという効果を有する。
According to the wall surface structure of the first aspect of the present invention, the wall surface is formed by the wall member made of PCa, so that the wall surface can be provided with high earthquake resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability. Have
Moreover, the wall surface is composed of individual wall members, the wall members are stacked on the foundation, and only the vertical direction (height direction) is anchor beams or anchor bolts and joint bolts extending to the girders. It has the effect that at least one slit can be formed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the wall surface.
And by providing this slit, the rigidity can be lowered while maintaining the earthquake resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability of the wall surface. For example, in the wooden frame construction method building, the wall surface according to claim 1 The rigidity of the wall surface provided with the structure can be approximated to the rigidity of the wall surface not provided with the structure.
At this time, the number of slits formed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the wall surface can be increased by reducing the width of each wall member made of PCa constituting the wall surface. For this reason, it has the effect that the rigidity of the wall surface which has the wall surface structure of Claim 1 can be adjusted to a desired magnitude | size.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of stress due to the difference in rigidity between the wall surface composed of the wall surface structure according to claim 1 and the wall surface not having the wall surface structure according to claim 1. Has an effect. Therefore, in the event of an earthquake or a strong wind, a biased force acts between the wall surface composed of the wall surface structure according to claim 1 and the wall surface not having the wall surface structure according to claim 1 to damage the wooden frame structure. This has the effect that it can be prevented.
Moreover, the wall surface structure of Claim 1 has the effect that it can construct to an existing wooden frame construction method building by retrofit.
For this reason, when extending or remodeling an existing ineligible building, the proof strength and rigidity converted to the wall magnification of the wall surface of this building by forming the wall structure according to claim 1 in the existing building. It has the effect that can be improved.
As a result, it has the effect that the existing unqualified building can be made into a building that complies with laws and regulations.
Moreover, it has the effect that the carrying of the wall member at the time of construction can be made easy by separating the wall member which comprises a wall surface into pieces. Furthermore, by mass-producing this wall member in a factory beforehand, it has the effect that the cost concerning construction of the wall surface structure of Claim 1 can be reduced.
本発明の請求項２に記載の壁面構造は、請求項１に記載の壁面構造と同じ効果に加え、高さの異なる第２の壁部材を有することで、例えば階高の異なる建築物を施工する場合に、基礎の上面と桁の下面の間に略隙間なく壁面を形成することができるという効果を有する。
従って、階高の異なる建築物に用いるための壁部材を規格化して量産することができるという効果を有し、この結果、請求項２に記載の壁面構造の施工にかかるコストを低減することができるという効果を有する。
また、特に、基礎上に第１及び第２の壁部材を略隙間なく積み重ねた場合、最上層に配置される壁部材の上面において、その真上に配置される桁及びこの桁に作用する荷重を支持することができるという効果を有する。
The wall surface structure according to claim 2 of the present invention has a second wall member having a different height in addition to the same effect as the wall surface structure according to claim 1, so that, for example, a building having a different floor height is constructed. When it does, it has the effect that a wall surface can be formed without a substantially gap between the upper surface of a foundation, and the lower surface of a girder.
Therefore, it has the effect that the wall member for use in buildings with different floor heights can be standardized and mass-produced, and as a result, the cost for the construction of the wall surface structure according to claim 2 can be reduced. It has the effect of being able to.
In particular, when the first and second wall members are stacked on the foundation with almost no gap, on the upper surface of the wall member arranged on the uppermost layer, the girder arranged immediately above and the load acting on the girder It has the effect that can be supported.
本発明の請求項３に記載の壁面は、壁面の少なくとも一部に請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造を有するものであり、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造と同じ効果に加え、壁面に窓やドア等を設けたり、あるいは出入り口や通気孔として利用可能な開口を形成することができるという効果を有する。
この場合、窓やドア、あるいは出入り口や通気孔として利用可能な開口を備えた壁面の、耐震性，耐火性，耐水性及び耐久性を高めることができるという効果を有する。
あるいは、請求項３に記載の壁面によれば、例えば、壁面の所望の箇所を部分的に請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造とすることができる。
この結果、壁面の所望の箇所における耐震性，耐火性，耐水性及び耐久性を高めることができるという効果を有する。
よって、例えば湿気の溜まり易い箇所に配置される壁面に予め、耐水性及び耐久性を付与しておくことができるという効果を有する。
あるいは、既存建築物の壁面において破損した箇所にのみ請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造を形成させることができると同時に、この部分に耐震性，耐火性，耐水性及び耐久性を付与して建築物全体の耐力を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
この結果、例えば、木造軸組工法による歴史的建造物等をその外観を大きく損なうことなく耐震性，耐火性，耐水性及び耐久性を付与しながら改修することができるという効果を有する。
The wall surface described in claim 3 of the present invention has the wall surface structure described in claim 1 or claim 2 on at least a part of the wall surface, and is the same as the wall surface structure described in claim 1 or claim 2. In addition to the effect, there is an effect that a window, a door, or the like can be provided on the wall surface, or an opening that can be used as an entrance / exit or a vent is formed.
In this case, it has the effect that the earthquake resistance, fire resistance, water resistance, and durability of the wall surface provided with an opening that can be used as a window or door, or an entrance / exit or a vent hole can be improved.
Or according to the wall surface of Claim 3, for example, the desired location of a wall surface can be made into the wall surface structure of Claim 1 or Claim 2 partially.
As a result, it has the effect that the seismic resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability at a desired location on the wall surface can be enhanced.
Therefore, for example, there is an effect that water resistance and durability can be imparted in advance to a wall surface arranged in a place where moisture easily accumulates.
Alternatively, the wall structure according to claim 1 or 2 can be formed only at a location where the wall surface of the existing building is damaged, and at the same time, earthquake resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability are imparted to this portion. And it has the effect that the proof stress of the whole building can be improved.
As a result, for example, there is an effect that it is possible to renovate a historical building or the like by a wooden frame construction method while providing earthquake resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability without greatly impairing the appearance.
本発明の請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物は、構造材である土台、柱（管柱，通し柱）、桁が継手や仕口により接合された木造骨組みにおいて、基礎と柱と桁とに囲まれて形成される壁面が、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造からなるものであったり、あるいは、この壁面が請求項３に記載の壁面である木造軸組工法建築物であり、請求項１乃至請求項３に記載のそれぞれの発明と同じ効果を有する。
加えて、請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物においては、例えば、火災が発生し易い台所の壁面や、湿気による腐朽や損傷が生じやすい洗面室や浴室、トイレや台所の壁面を、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造により形成したり、あるいは、この壁面を請求項３に記載の壁面とすることで、台所には耐火性及び耐水性を、また、洗面室や浴室、あるいはトイレ等の水回りには耐水性をそれぞれ付与することができるという効果を有する。
そしてこれと同時に、請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物に形成される請求項１又は請求項２に記載の壁面構造、又は、求項３に記載の壁面は、これ以外の従来公知の壁面構造や木造の軸組構造と調和して木造軸組工法建築物自体の耐力を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
この結果、請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物の耐久性及び耐震性を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
しかも、請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物においては、上述のような部分的な壁面の補強、あるいは、壁面全体の補強を、建築物の外観を損なうことなく、また、従来公知の木造軸組構造をそのまま利用して実施することができるという効果も有する。
この結果、既存不適格建築物や歴史的価値の高い木造軸組建築物を、その建築様式や外観を大幅に変更することなしに補強したり修繕したりすることができ、しかもその際の施工費用を安価にすることができるという効果を有する。
A wooden frame construction method building according to claim 4 of the present invention includes a foundation, a column and a girder in a wooden frame in which a base, a column (tube column, through column), and a girder are joined by a joint or joint. The wall surface formed by being surrounded by and comprising the wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, or the wall structure according to claim 3, wherein the wall surface is the wall structure according to claim 3. And having the same effects as the respective inventions according to claims 1 to 3.
In addition, in the wooden frame construction method building according to claim 4, for example, a wall surface of a kitchen that is prone to fire, a washroom or bathroom that is easily damaged or damaged by moisture, a wall surface of a toilet or kitchen, It is formed by the wall surface structure according to claim 1 or 2, or by making this wall surface the wall surface according to claim 3, the kitchen has fire resistance and water resistance, and also has a washroom and a bathroom. Alternatively, it has an effect that water resistance can be imparted to the water around a toilet or the like.
At the same time, the wall surface structure according to claim 1 or claim 2 or the wall surface according to claim 3 formed in the wooden frame construction method building according to claim 4 is conventionally known. This has the effect of improving the strength of the wooden frame construction method itself in harmony with the wall surface structure and the wooden frame structure.
As a result, it has the effect that the durability and earthquake resistance of the wooden frame construction method building of Claim 4 can be improved.
And in the wooden frame construction method building of Claim 4, the reinforcement of the partial wall surface as mentioned above, or the reinforcement of the whole wall surface does not impair the external appearance of a building, and is conventionally well-known. There is also an effect that the wooden frame structure can be used as it is.
As a result, it is possible to reinforce or repair existing ineligible buildings or wooden frame buildings with high historical value without significantly changing the architectural style or appearance of the building. There is an effect that the cost can be reduced.
本発明の請求項５に記載の異種構造建築物は、請求項４に記載の木造軸組工法建築物における基礎が、鉄筋コンクリート造の建築物から成る地上部分（１階部分あるいは１階及び２階部分）に置き換えられたものであり、請求項４記載の発明と同じ効果を有する。 The heterogeneous structure building according to claim 5 of the present invention is a ground part (the first floor part or the first and second floors) in which the foundation in the wooden frame construction method building according to claim 4 is a reinforced concrete building. And has the same effect as that of the fourth aspect of the present invention.
以下に本発明の最良の実施の形態に係る壁面構造及び壁面及びそれを用いた木造軸組工法建築物及び異種構造建築物について実施例１乃至実施例５を参照しながら詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, a wall surface structure and a wall surface according to a best mode of the present invention, and a wooden frame construction method building and a heterogeneous structure building using the same will be described in detail with reference to Examples 1 to 5.
本発明の実施例１に係る壁面構造について図１乃至図３を参照しながら詳細に説明する。（特に請求項１に対応。）
図１は本発明の実施例１に係る壁面構造の概念図であり、図２はそのＡ−Ａ線矢視断面図である。
図１及び図２に示すように、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａは、基礎２と、構造材である柱６（例えば、管柱や通し柱）及び桁５（あるいは、梁又は胴差し）により囲まれて形成される壁面が、複数の個片化された壁部材４ａが積み重ねられて形成されるものである。
また、この壁部材４ａは、直方体形のブロック状に予め成形されたプレキャストコンクリート（ＰＣａ）であり、基礎２の幅Ｂ、又は、その真上に配置される桁５の材幅Ｃとほぼ同じ厚みＤを有し、その高さ方向Ｆに少なくとも２の貫通孔７を備えている。
なお、壁部材４ａに形成される貫通孔７の数は、特に限定されるものではないが、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａにおいて複数の壁部材４ａから構成される壁面に外力が作用した場合でもその平坦性が維持されるようにするためには、壁部材４ａの高さ方向に少なくとも２の貫通孔７を設けることが望ましく、さらに、貫通孔７同士は互いに離れた位置に形成されることが望ましい。
さらに、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａの鉄筋コンクリートから成る基礎２には、アンカーボルト３の一の端部が埋設され、他の端部を含む露出部分は基礎２の真上に配置される桁５の上面と略同じ高さまで延設されている。
そして、壁部材４ａに形成される貫通孔７にアンカーボルト３を挿通させながら基礎２上に壁部材４ａが積み重ねられて壁面が形成され、アンカーボルト３の基礎２に埋設されない側の端部は、桁５の厚み部分を貫通して、すなわち、桁５を材成方向を貫通して固定具１３である座金１０及びナット９により桁５に固定されている。
なお、図２に示すように、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａは、基礎２の上に直接壁部材４ａが積み重ねることで壁面が形成されるので、基礎２上に土台を設ける必要がない。
このため、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａに隣接させて柱を立設する際には、基礎２に予めアンカープレート１１を埋設しておき、このアンカープレート１１の裸出部分に、例えばボルト等の固定具を用いて柱６を立設してもよい。
もちろん、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａに隣接して形成される従来公知の壁面側から延設される図示しない土台に柱６を立設しておき、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａが形成される箇所の土台を排除しておいてもよい。
A wall surface structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. (Particularly corresponding to claim 1)
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a wall surface structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wall surface structure 1 a according to the first embodiment includes a foundation 2, a column 6 (for example, a pipe column or a through column) and a girder 5 (or a beam or a waistline) that are structural materials. The wall surface surrounded and formed is formed by stacking a plurality of individual wall members 4a.
The wall member 4a is precast concrete (PCa) preliminarily formed in a rectangular parallelepiped block shape, and is substantially the same as the width B of the foundation 2 or the material width C of the girder 5 arranged immediately above it. It has a thickness D and is provided with at least two through holes 7 in the height direction F thereof.
The number of through holes 7 formed in the wall member 4a is not particularly limited, but when an external force acts on the wall surface composed of the plurality of wall members 4a in the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment. However, in order to maintain the flatness, it is desirable to provide at least two through holes 7 in the height direction of the wall member 4a, and the through holes 7 are formed at positions separated from each other. It is desirable.
Furthermore, in the foundation 2 made of reinforced concrete of the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment, one end of the anchor bolt 3 is embedded, and the exposed portion including the other end is arranged just above the foundation 2. 5 is extended to substantially the same height as the upper surface of 5.
And while inserting the anchor bolt 3 through the through-hole 7 formed in the wall member 4a, the wall member 4a is stacked on the foundation 2 to form a wall surface, and the end of the anchor bolt 3 on the side not embedded in the foundation 2 is The girder 5 is penetrated through the thickness portion, that is, the girder 5 is passed through the material forming direction and is fixed to the girder 5 by a washer 10 and a nut 9 which are fixing tools 13.
As shown in FIG. 2, the wall surface structure 1 a according to the first embodiment forms a wall surface by stacking the wall members 4 a directly on the foundation 2, so that it is not necessary to provide a foundation on the foundation 2.
For this reason, when the column is erected adjacent to the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment, the anchor plate 11 is embedded in the foundation 2 in advance, and a bolt or the like is provided in the bare portion of the anchor plate 11, for example. The pillar 6 may be erected by using the fixing tool.
Of course, a pillar 6 is erected on a base (not shown) extending from a conventionally known wall surface formed adjacent to the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment, so that the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment is formed. You may exclude the foundation of the place where it is done.
図３は本発明の実施例１に係る壁面構造の部分断面図である。なお、図１又は図２に記載されたものと同一部分については同一符号を付し、その構成についての説明は省略する。
図３に示すように、アンカーボルト３を内挿しながら積み重ねた壁部材４ａを桁５に固定するには、桁５の高さ方向、すなわち、桁５の材成方向にアンカーボルト３を挿通させるための貫通孔１４を予め形成しておき、この貫通孔１４にアンカーボルト３を挿通させながら最上層に配置される壁部材４ａ上に桁５を載置するように、かつ、桁５により柱６の上端部を繋ぐように桁５を掛渡した後、貫通孔１４から導出されるアンカーボルト３の端部を、座金１０及びナット９からなる固定具１３により桁５に固定すればよい。
この時、固定具１３が桁５の上面に突出することがないよう、貫通孔１４の桁５上面側の開口部に、固定具収容穴８を予め形成しておき、固定具１３を固定具収容穴８内に収容しながら桁５にアンカーボルト３の上端を固定しても良い。
この場合、桁５の上面を平坦にすることができ、その後の工程において造作材の取付けを容易にすることができるという効果を有する。
さらに、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａにおいては、最上層に配置される壁部材４ａの上面においてアンカーボルト３を固定具１３により固定しておいてもよい。
この場合、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａにおける壁部材４ａと基礎２との密着性を高めることができ、アンカーボルト３の強度を十分に発揮させることができるという効果を有する。
この結果、基礎２と壁部材４ａと桁５とを一体化することができるので、地震や風圧により壁面に生じる水平力に対する耐力を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the wall surface structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same part as what was described in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and the description about the structure is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 3, in order to fix the stacked wall member 4 a to the girder 5 while inserting the anchor bolt 3, the anchor bolt 3 is inserted in the height direction of the girder 5, that is, in the material forming direction of the girder 5. A through-hole 14 is formed in advance, and the beam 5 is placed on the wall member 4 a arranged in the uppermost layer while the anchor bolt 3 is inserted through the through-hole 14. After the girders 5 are bridged so as to connect the upper ends of the six bolts, the end portions of the anchor bolts 3 led out from the through holes 14 may be fixed to the girders 5 by the fixtures 13 including the washers 10 and the nuts 9.
At this time, in order to prevent the fixture 13 from projecting to the upper surface of the girder 5, the fixture accommodation hole 8 is formed in advance in the opening of the through hole 14 on the upper side of the girder 5. The upper end of the anchor bolt 3 may be fixed to the beam 5 while being accommodated in the accommodation hole 8.
In this case, the upper surface of the girder 5 can be flattened, and there is an effect that attachment of the construction material can be facilitated in the subsequent process.
Furthermore, in the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment, the anchor bolt 3 may be fixed by the fixing tool 13 on the upper surface of the wall member 4a arranged in the uppermost layer.
In this case, the adhesiveness between the wall member 4a and the foundation 2 in the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment can be improved, and the strength of the anchor bolt 3 can be sufficiently exerted.
As a result, since the foundation 2, the wall member 4a, and the girder 5 can be integrated, there is an effect that it is possible to improve the proof strength against the horizontal force generated on the wall surface by an earthquake or wind pressure.
なお、固定具収容穴８を桁５の下面側に予め設けておいても良い。この場合、最上層に配置される壁部材４ａ上に設けられる固定具１３を固定具収容穴８に収容することができ、最上層に配置される壁部材４ａの上面で桁５を支持することができるという効果を有する。
この結果、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａの耐力を一層向上させることができるという効果を有する。
Note that the fixture receiving hole 8 may be provided in advance on the lower surface side of the beam 5. In this case, the fixture 13 provided on the wall member 4a arranged in the uppermost layer can be accommodated in the fixture accommodation hole 8, and the girder 5 is supported by the upper surface of the wall member 4a arranged in the uppermost layer. Has the effect of being able to.
As a result, the proof stress of the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment can be further improved.
上述のような実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａによれば、壁面をコンクリート及びアンカーボルト３により形成することで、木造軸組工法建築物における壁面に、鉄筋コンクリートから成る壁面が有する利点、すなわち、耐火性,耐水性,耐久性を付与することができ、しかも、壁面と基礎を一体化させることで実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａの耐力を向上することができるという効果を有する。
その一方で、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａにおいては、個片化された壁部材４ａが、壁面において鉛直方向にのみ固定されている。すなわち、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａにより形成される壁面は、その鉛直方向及び水平方向に複数のスリット２９ａ，スリット２９ｂ（図１及び図２を参照）を備えているといえる。
そして、このようなスリット２９ａ，スリット２９ｂは、コンクリート製の壁面の剛性を低下させるという作用を有する。
なお、壁部材４ａの幅Ｅ（図１を参照）を小さくすることで、壁部材４ａを積み重ねて成る壁面に形成されるスリット２９ａの数を多くすることができ、また、壁部材４ａの高さＦを小さくすることでスリット２９ｂの数を多くすることができるので、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａにより形成される壁面の剛性を大幅に縮減することができるという効果を有する。
すなわち、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａによれば、壁部材４ａの幅Ｅを変更することで壁面の耐力を低下させることなくその剛性を所望の大きさに変更することができるという効果を有するのである。
この結果、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａにより形成される壁面の剛性を、従来公知の例えば土塗壁や、構造用合板からなる壁面の剛性に近づけることができるという効果を有する。
従って、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａによれば、基礎２と壁面と木造軸組構造を調和させながら一体化することができ、これにより実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａから成る壁面の耐力を大幅に向上させることができるという効果を有する。
しかも、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａは、基礎２上に木質構造材である土台を有さないので、土台の腐朽等による壁面の劣化や、壁面の耐力の低下の発生を防止することができるという効果も有する。
また、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａは、鉄筋コンクリート製の基礎２とこの基礎２の真上に配置される桁５がある場所のどこにでも施工することができるという効果を有する。
加えて、壁部材４ａを個片化することで、壁部材４ａの搬送及び積み重ね作業を容易にすることができるという効果を有する。
According to the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment as described above, the wall surface of the wooden frame construction method building has the advantage that the wall surface made of reinforced concrete has, that is, fire resistance, by forming the wall surface with concrete and anchor bolts 3. Property, water resistance and durability can be imparted, and further, the proof stress of the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment can be improved by integrating the wall surface and the foundation.
On the other hand, in the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment, the separated wall member 4a is fixed only in the vertical direction on the wall surface. That is, it can be said that the wall surface formed by the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment includes a plurality of slits 29a and slits 29b (see FIGS. 1 and 2) in the vertical and horizontal directions.
And such a slit 29a, slit 29b has the effect | action of reducing the rigidity of the wall surface made from concrete.
By reducing the width E of the wall member 4a (see FIG. 1), the number of slits 29a formed on the wall surface formed by stacking the wall members 4a can be increased, and the height of the wall member 4a can be increased. Since the number of the slits 29b can be increased by reducing the length F, there is an effect that the rigidity of the wall surface formed by the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment can be greatly reduced.
That is, according to the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment, the rigidity can be changed to a desired size without reducing the proof stress of the wall surface by changing the width E of the wall member 4a. It is.
As a result, there is an effect that the rigidity of the wall surface formed by the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment can be brought close to the rigidity of a conventionally known wall surface made of, for example, an earthen wall or a structural plywood.
Therefore, according to the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment, the foundation 2, the wall surface, and the wooden frame structure can be integrated while harmonizing with each other, thereby improving the proof stress of the wall surface including the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment. It has the effect that it can be greatly improved.
Moreover, since the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment does not have a base that is a wooden structure material on the foundation 2, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the wall surface due to decay of the base or the occurrence of a decrease in the proof stress of the wall surface. It also has the effect of being able to.
In addition, the wall surface structure 1a according to the first embodiment has an effect that it can be applied anywhere in the place where the foundation 2 made of reinforced concrete and the girder 5 arranged right above the foundation 2 are located.
In addition, by separating the wall member 4a into pieces, there is an effect that the wall member 4a can be easily transported and stacked.
実施例２に係る壁面構造について図４を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
本発明の実施例２に係る壁面構造は、実施例１に係る壁面構造とほぼ同じ構造を有するものであり、実施例２に係る壁面構造を設置しようとする木造軸組工法建築物の階高（土台の上面からその真上に配置される桁材の上面までの高さ）が異なる場合であっても、あるいは、１戸の木造軸組工法建築物において桁材の材成が異なることにより基礎の上面から桁材の下面までの距離が異なる場合であっても、桁の下面と最上層に配置される壁部材とを略隙間なく配置することができるよう構成されるものである。
ここでは実施例１に係る壁面構造との相違点に重点をおいて説明し、共通する作用・効果の記載については省略する。
図４は本発明の実施例２に係る壁面構造の部分断面図である。なお、図１乃至図３に記載されたものと同一部分については同一符号を付し、その構成についての説明は省略する。
図４に示すように、実施例２に係る壁面構造１ｂは、壁部材４ａの高さＦよりも小さい高さＧを有する壁部材４ｂを有するものである。
このように、高さの異なる２種類の壁部材４ａ,４ｂを用いることによれば、基礎２の上面と桁５の下面の間に略隙間なく壁部材４ａ,４ｂを積み重ねて壁面を形成することができるという効果を有する。
なお、実施例２に係る壁面構造１ｂを形成する壁部材の高さは、少なくとも２種類以上であればよく、例えば、高さの違う壁部材を５種類設けてもよい。
あるいは、図４にも示すように、壁部材４ｂの高さＧを壁部材４ａの高さＦよりも大幅に小さく設定しておき、壁部材４ｂを複数積み重ねることで、基礎２から最上層の壁部材４ｂまでの高さの微調整を可能にしてもよい。
いずれの場合も、実施例２に係る壁面構造１ｂを形成するための壁部材４ａ,４ｂを規格化して工場で量産することができるという効果を有する。
この結果、実施例２に係る壁面構造１ｂの施工にかかるコストを安価にすることができるという効果を有する。
しかも、実施例２に係る壁部材４ａ,４ｂを階高の異なる他の木造軸組工法建築物に用いる場合や、あるいは、１戸の木造軸組工法建築物において桁材の材成が異なることにより、基礎の上面から桁材の下面までの距離が異なる場合であっても、壁部材４ａ,４ｂにより形成される壁面上に桁５を載置するように掛渡すことができるという効果を有する。
この結果、木造軸組に作用する荷重を壁面構造１ｂによっても支持することが可能となり、木造軸組工法建築物における躯体の強度を確実に向上させることができるという効果を有する。
The wall surface structure according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
The wall surface structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention has substantially the same structure as the wall surface structure according to the first embodiment, and the floor height of the wooden frame construction method building in which the wall surface structure according to the second embodiment is to be installed. Even if the height from the top surface of the foundation to the top surface of the girders placed directly above is different, or because the material of the girders is different in a single wooden frame construction method Even when the distance from the upper surface of the foundation to the lower surface of the girders is different, the lower surface of the girders and the wall member arranged in the uppermost layer can be arranged with almost no gap.
Here, description will be made with emphasis on differences from the wall surface structure according to the first embodiment, and description of common actions and effects will be omitted.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a wall surface structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The same parts as those described in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the configuration is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 4, the wall surface structure 1b according to the second embodiment includes a wall member 4b having a height G smaller than the height F of the wall member 4a.
Thus, by using two types of wall members 4a and 4b having different heights, the wall members 4a and 4b are stacked with substantially no gap between the upper surface of the foundation 2 and the lower surface of the girder 5 to form a wall surface. It has the effect of being able to.
In addition, the height of the wall member which forms the wall surface structure 1b which concerns on Example 2 should just be at least 2 types or more, for example, you may provide five types of wall members from which height differs.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, the height G of the wall member 4b is set to be significantly smaller than the height F of the wall member 4a, and a plurality of wall members 4b are stacked, so that You may enable fine adjustment of the height to the wall member 4b.
In either case, there is an effect that the wall members 4a and 4b for forming the wall surface structure 1b according to the second embodiment can be standardized and mass-produced at a factory.
As a result, it has the effect that the cost concerning construction of the wall surface structure 1b which concerns on Example 2 can be made cheap.
In addition, when the wall members 4a and 4b according to the second embodiment are used in other wooden frame construction methods buildings having different floor heights, or the material of the girders is different in one wooden frame construction method building. Thus, even when the distance from the upper surface of the foundation to the lower surface of the girders is different, the girders 5 can be placed so as to be placed on the wall surfaces formed by the wall members 4a and 4b. .
As a result, the load acting on the wooden frame can be supported also by the wall surface structure 1b, and the strength of the frame in the wooden frame construction method can be reliably improved.
実施例３に係る壁面構造について図５を参照しながら詳細に説明する。（特に請求項３に対応。）
本発明の実施例３に係る壁面構造は、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造を壁面の少なくとも一部に備える壁面である。ここでは、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造との相違点に重点をおいて説明し、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造共通する作用・効果の記載については省略する。
図５は本発明の実施例３に係る壁面構造の部分断面図である。なお、図１乃至図４に記載されたものと同一部分については同一符号を付し、その構成についての説明は省略する。
図５に示すように、実施例３に係る壁面３０は、桁５と柱６及び基礎２により区画される空間に形成される壁面に、例えば実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａと、窓やドア等を設置したり、出入り口や通気孔等として使用可能な開口１９を備えたものである。
なお、図５には、造作材である間柱１５や間柱受１８、窓まぐさ１６及び窓台１７により窓枠を設置可能な開口１９を形成した場合を例に挙げて説明しているが、開口１９はドアを設置するための開口であっても、あるいは、出入り口や通気孔等として使用可能な開口であってもよく、この場合、間柱１５等の造作材を必ずしも設けなくともよい。
なお、図５に示す実施例３に係る壁面３０においては、実施例１に係る壁面構造１ａに代えて実施例２に係る壁面構造１ｂを設けても良い。
あるいは、実施例３に係る壁面３０は、特に図示しないが、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）と、従来公知の壁面構造である例えば、土塗壁や構造用合板を用いた壁面構造を組み合わせたもの、すなわち、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）と従来公知の壁面構造とを基礎２上に併設して１つの壁面を形成したものであってもよい。さらに、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）と従来公知の壁面構造とを基礎２上に併設して１つの壁面を形成したものに、窓やドア等を設置したり、出入り口や通気孔等として使用可能な開口１９を設けたものであってもよい。
以下本願明細書中に記載される壁面３０は、図５に示す壁面３０に加え、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）に間柱１５や窓まぐさ１６及び窓台１７を用いないで開口を形成した壁面や、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）と従来公知の壁面構造を組み合せた壁面を包含するものとする。
The wall surface structure according to the third embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. (Particularly corresponding to claim 3)
The wall surface structure according to Example 3 of the present invention is a wall surface provided with the wall surface structure according to Example 1 or Example 2 on at least a part of the wall surface. Here, description will be made with emphasis on the differences from the wall surface structure according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and description of operations and effects common to the wall surface structure according to the first or second embodiment will be omitted.
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a wall surface structure according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The same parts as those described in FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the configuration is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 5, the wall surface 30 according to the third embodiment includes, for example, a wall surface structure 1 a according to the first embodiment, a window, and a door on a wall surface formed in a space defined by the girder 5, the pillar 6, and the foundation 2. Etc., or provided with an opening 19 that can be used as an entrance / exit or a vent hole.
In addition, in FIG. 5, although the case where the opening 19 in which the window frame can be installed is formed by the spacer 15 and the spacer holder 18, the window lintel 16 and the window base 17 which are the work materials is described as an example, The opening 19 may be an opening for installing a door, or may be an opening that can be used as an entrance / exit or a vent hole. In this case, a construction material such as a spacer 15 may not necessarily be provided.
In addition, in the wall surface 30 which concerns on Example 3 shown in FIG. 5, it may replace with the wall surface structure 1a which concerns on Example 1, and may provide the wall surface structure 1b which concerns on Example 2. FIG.
Or although the wall surface 30 which concerns on Example 3 is not specifically illustrated, it is a wall surface structure (1a, 1b) which concerns on Example 1 or Example 2, and a conventionally well-known wall surface structure, for example, earthen wall and structural plywood In other words, a wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or Example 2 and a conventionally known wall surface structure are combined on the foundation 2 to form one wall surface. It may be. Furthermore, the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or Example 2 and the conventionally known wall surface structure are provided on the foundation 2 to form one wall surface, and a window or a door is installed. Alternatively, an opening 19 that can be used as an entrance / exit or a vent hole may be provided.
The wall surface 30 described in the specification of the present application is the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or Example 2 in addition to the wall surface 30 shown in FIG. It includes a wall surface in which an opening is formed without using a wall, and a wall surface obtained by combining a wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or Example 2 and a conventionally known wall surface structure.
上記構成の実施例３に係る壁面３０によれば、壁面３０の少なくとも一部に実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を備えることで、壁面３０の耐力を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
加えて、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を用いた場合には、先にも述べたように壁面に耐震性に加え、耐火性,耐水性及び耐久性を付与することができる。
このため、実施例３に係る壁面３０によれば、壁面の一部にのみ耐震性,耐火性,耐水性及び耐久性を付与することができるという効果を有する。
つまり、木造軸組工法建築物を施工する際に、例えば室内において湿気の溜まり易い箇所の壁面にのみ耐水性を付与することができるという効果を有する。あるいは、例えば台所において火回り近傍の壁面にのみ耐火性を付与することができるという効果を有する。
さらに、例えば二階建ての木造軸組工法建築物において構造上脆弱な階段周りの壁面及び躯体を補強することができるという効果も有する。
さらに、実施例３に係る壁面３０は、何らかの原因で壁面の一部あるいは全部が損傷してしまった既存の木造軸組工法建築物において、壁面の一部に対してのみ容易に施工できると同時に、それまであった壁面の外観や利便性を何ら損なうことなしに壁面に耐震性、耐火性、耐水性及び耐久性を付与することができるという効果を有する。しかもこの場合、既存の木造軸組工法建築物において壁面の一部が損傷した原因が例えば湿気等による構造材の腐朽であった場合に、同様の原因による壁面の損傷の再発を防止することができるという効果を有する。
従って、歴史的価値の高い建築物や、既存の建築物の修理や保存を効率よく行うことができるという効果を有する。
According to the wall surface 30 according to the third embodiment having the above configuration, the proof stress of the wall surface 30 is improved by providing the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to the first or second embodiment on at least a part of the wall surface 30. Has the effect of being able to.
In addition, when the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or 2 is used, as described above, in addition to earthquake resistance, the wall surface is given fire resistance, water resistance and durability. can do.
For this reason, according to the wall surface 30 which concerns on Example 3, it has the effect that earthquake resistance, fire resistance, water resistance, and durability can be provided only to a part of wall surface.
That is, when constructing a wooden frame construction method building, for example, there is an effect that water resistance can be imparted only to a wall surface of a place where moisture easily accumulates. Or it has the effect that fire resistance can be provided only to the wall surface of the vicinity of a firework, for example in a kitchen.
In addition, for example, in a two-story wooden frame construction method, there is an effect that the wall and the frame around the staircase that are structurally fragile can be reinforced.
Furthermore, the wall surface 30 according to the third embodiment can be easily constructed only on a part of the wall surface in an existing wooden frame construction method building in which part or all of the wall surface is damaged for some reason. In addition, it has an effect that it is possible to impart seismic resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability to the wall surface without impairing the appearance and convenience of the wall surface. In addition, in this case, if the cause of the damage of the wall surface in the existing wooden frame construction method building is, for example, the decay of the structural material due to moisture etc., the recurrence of the wall damage due to the same cause can be prevented. It has the effect of being able to.
Therefore, it has the effect that it is possible to efficiently repair and preserve buildings with high historical value and existing buildings.
実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物について図６及び図７を参照しながら詳細に説明する。（特に請求項４に対応。）
実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物は、建物の躯体が基礎と木質構造材である柱（管柱、通し柱）や桁（梁、胴差し）により構成され、この木質構造材が継手や仕口により連結された建築物であって、この建築物の壁面構造が実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造を備えたり、あるいは、実施例３に係る壁面を有するものである。
図６は本発明の実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物の一例を示す部分断面図である。なお、図１乃至図５に記載されたものと同一部分については同一符号を付し、その構成についての説明は省略する。
図６に示すように、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５は、例えば、地表面１２上に形成される基礎２上に、木質構造材である柱及び桁５、あるいは小屋桁２３が継手や仕口により連結されて軸組構造が形成され、さらに、基礎２とこの基礎２の真上に配置される２階床桁５、及び、図示しない柱により区画される空間に実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）や、実施例３に係る壁面３０が形成され、小屋桁２３上には図示しない小屋束を介して屋根２４が形成されるものである。
なお、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５に、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）、あるいは、実施例３に係る壁面３０を形成する際に、基礎２上に繋ぎ目のないアンカーボルト３を桁５の上面近傍まで延設する代わりに、図６に示すように、基礎２上に露出するアンカーボルト３に接合部２０を介して接合ボルト２１を延設したものを用いてもよい。
なお、上述の実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）、及び実施例３に係る壁面３０においても、基礎２上に露出するアンカーボルト３に接合部２０を介して接合ボルト２１を延設してもよい。
この場合、基礎２上に繋ぎ目のないアンカーボルト３を延設した場合と同様の効果を有するとともに、基礎２の施工を容易にすることができるという効果を有する。
また、必要に応じて、木造軸組工法建築物２５の表面には外装材２２を設けても良い。
A wooden frame construction method building according to Example 4 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. (Particularly corresponding to claim 4)
The wooden frame construction method building according to Example 4 is composed of pillars (tube pillars, through pillars) and girders (beams, girder) whose foundation of the building is the foundation and wood structure material. It is the building connected by the joint, Comprising: The wall surface structure of this building is provided with the wall surface structure which concerns on Example 1 or Example 2, or has the wall surface which concerns on Example 3. FIG.
FIG. 6: is a fragmentary sectional view which shows an example of the wooden frame construction method building based on Example 4 of this invention. The same parts as those described in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the configuration is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6, the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment includes, for example, a pillar and girder 5, which is a wooden structure material, or a shed girder 23 on a foundation 2 formed on the ground surface 12. Are connected by joints and joints to form a frame structure, and the embodiment is further provided in a space defined by a foundation 2, a second floor girder 5 arranged immediately above the foundation 2, and a pillar (not shown). A wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to 1 or Example 2 and a wall surface 30 according to Example 3 are formed, and a roof 24 is formed on the spar 23 via a shed bundle (not shown).
In addition, when forming the wall structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or Example 2 or the wall surface 30 according to Example 3 in the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to Example 4, the foundation 2 Instead of extending the anchor bolt 3 with no joints up to the vicinity of the upper surface of the girder 5, the joining bolt 21 is extended to the anchor bolt 3 exposed on the foundation 2 via the joining portion 20, as shown in FIG. You may use what was provided.
In addition, also in the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) which concerns on the above-mentioned Example 1 or Example 2, and the wall surface 30 which concerns on Example 3, it is a joint bolt via the junction part 20 to the anchor bolt 3 exposed on the foundation 2. FIG. 21 may be extended.
In this case, it has the same effect as the case where the seamless anchor bolt 3 is extended on the foundation 2 and has the effect that the construction of the foundation 2 can be facilitated.
Moreover, you may provide the exterior material 22 in the surface of the wooden frame construction method building 25 as needed.
図７は本発明の実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物の一例を示す平面図である。なお、図１乃至図６に記載されたものと同一部分については同一符号を付し、その構成についての説明は省略する。
図７に示すように、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５は、例えば、水周りである台所２６や洗面室２７、そして浴室２８を形成する壁面を、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を有する壁面や、実施例３に係る壁面３０により構成したものである。この場合、壁面に耐水性を付与することができるという効果を有する。また、特に台所２６においては耐火性も付与することができるという効果を有する。
この結果、水回りや火回りとなる室内において構造材や造作材が腐朽したり、燃える等により実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５が改修不能なまでに損壊するのを防止することができるという効果を有する。
FIG. 7: is a top view which shows an example of the wooden frame construction method building based on Example 4 of this invention. The same parts as those described in FIGS. 1 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the configuration is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment includes, for example, a wall that forms a kitchen 26, a washroom 27, and a bathroom 28 that are around water. It is comprised by the wall surface which has the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) which concerns on this, and the wall surface 30 which concerns on Example 3. FIG. In this case, it has the effect that water resistance can be provided to the wall surface. Further, particularly in the kitchen 26, fire resistance can be imparted.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment from being damaged before it can be repaired due to decay or burning of the structural material or the construction material in the room that becomes a water or fire. Has the effect of being able to.
通常、木造軸組工法建築物において躯体を構成する木質系の構造材は、繊維質の集合体からなり、この構造材が破断しない程度に撓むなどして地震や風圧による水平力に対する抵抗力が発揮される。
これに対してコンクリートは、その高い剛性により躯体の変形を妨げることで地震や風圧による水平力に対する抵抗力が発揮されるものであり、木質系の構造材とその抵抗力の特性が異なるものである。
このため、これらの特性の異なる木質系構造材とコンクリートを単につなぎ合わせて木造軸組工法建築物の躯体を形成した場合、地震や風圧による水平力が作用した際に、建築物の木質系構造材とコンクリートの接合部近傍にひずみが生じて、強度の低い木質系構造材が破断する恐れがあり、建築物としての十分な耐力が発揮されない可能性があった。
このような事情に鑑み、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５においては、剛性の高い基礎２と、可撓性を有する構造材である桁５の間に、壁面の鉛直方向にスリットを形成させてその剛性を低減させた実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）、あるいは、実施例３に係る壁面を介設することで、木質系構造材とコンクリートの接合部近傍に生じるひずみを低減することができるという効果を有する。
よって、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５においては、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）から成る壁面や、実施例３に係る壁面３０を、他の木造軸組構造から成る躯体に調和させることができ、この結果、木造軸組工法建築物２５全体の耐震性や耐久性を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
また、建築時には適法に建てられたものの、その後、法令の改正や都市計画変更等によって不適格な部分を有する建築物である既存不適格建築物に実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を有する壁面や、実施例３に係る壁面３０を設けて実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５とすることで、既存不適格建築物を適法な建築物にすることができるという効果を有する。
すなわち、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５は、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を有する壁面や、実施例３に係る壁面３０を備えることで、鉄筋コンクリートからなる壁面の利点と、従来公知の材質からなる壁面の利点の両者を併せ持った建築物にすることができるという効果を有する。
しかもこの時、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を有する壁面や、実施例３に係る壁面３０の剛性と従来公知の材質からなる壁面の剛性の差を小さくすることができるので、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５を１つの建物としての調和の取れた構造にすることができ、日本における代表的な建築様式である木造軸組工法による建築物の耐力を高めてその耐震性を向上させることができるという効果を有する。
In general, the wooden structural material that constitutes the frame in a wooden frame construction method building is composed of a fibrous assembly, and the structural material is bent to such an extent that it does not break. Is demonstrated.
Concrete, on the other hand, resists horizontal deformation due to earthquakes and wind pressure by preventing the deformation of the frame due to its high rigidity, and the characteristics of the resistance force differ from wooden structures. is there.
For this reason, when these wooden structures with different characteristics and concrete are simply joined together to form a wooden frame construction building frame, when a horizontal force is applied due to earthquakes or wind pressure, the wooden structure of the building There is a possibility that the wood-based structural material with low strength may be broken due to distortion in the vicinity of the joint between the material and the concrete, and there is a possibility that sufficient strength as a building may not be exhibited.
In view of such circumstances, in the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment, a slit is formed in the vertical direction of the wall surface between the highly rigid foundation 2 and the beam 5 which is a flexible structural material. By joining the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or Example 2 or the wall surface according to Example 3 in which the rigidity is reduced by forming the structure, the wood-based structural material and the concrete are joined. It has the effect that the distortion which arises in the part vicinity can be reduced.
Therefore, in the wooden frame construction method building 25 which concerns on Example 4, the wall surface which consists of the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) which concerns on Example 1 or Example 2, and the wall surface 30 which concerns on Example 3 are made into other wooden structures. It can be made to harmonize with the frame consisting of the frame structure, and as a result, it has the effect that the earthquake resistance and durability of the whole wooden frame construction method building 25 can be improved.
In addition, the wall structure according to Example 1 or Example 2 for an existing ineligible building that was built legally at the time of construction, but then has an ineligible part due to amendments to laws or changes in city planning, etc. 1a, 1b) By providing the wall surface 30 according to Example 3 and the wall surface 30 according to Example 3 to make the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to Example 4, an existing unqualified building can be made a legal building. It has the effect of being able to.
That is, the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment includes the wall surface having the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment and the wall surface 30 according to the third embodiment. It has the effect that it can be set as the building which has both the advantage of the wall surface which consists of, and the advantage of the wall surface which consists of a conventionally well-known material.
In addition, at this time, the difference between the rigidity of the wall surface having the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to Example 1 or Example 2 or the wall surface 30 according to Example 3 and the wall surface made of a conventionally known material is reduced. Therefore, the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment can be made into a harmonious structure as one building, and the wooden frame construction method which is a typical architectural style in Japan It has the effect of increasing the proof strength and improving its seismic resistance.
なお、図６及び図７では、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５が木造２階建てである場合を例に挙げて説明しているが、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５は平屋でも３階建てでもよい。
特に実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５が平屋の場合には、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を形成する場合に利用する桁５は小屋桁になる。
また、特に実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５が２階建ての場合には、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を形成する場合に利用する桁５は、２階床桁又は小屋桁になる。
また、特に実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５が３階建ての場合には、実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を形成する場合に利用する桁５は、２階床桁又は３階床桁又は小屋桁になる。
6 and 7 exemplify the case where the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment is a two-story wooden building, the wooden frame construction method according to the fourth embodiment is described. The object 25 may be a one-story or a three-story building.
In particular, when the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment is a one-story building, the girder 5 used when forming the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to the first or second embodiment is a shed girder. .
In particular, when the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment is a two-story building, the girder 5 used when forming the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to the first or second embodiment is It becomes 2nd floor floor girder or hut girder.
Further, especially when the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment is a three-story building, the girder 5 used when forming the wall surface structure (1a, 1b) according to the first or second embodiment is It becomes a 2nd floor floor girder or 3rd floor girder or hut girder.
実施例５に係る異種構造建築物について詳細に説明する。（特に請求項５に対応。）
実施例５に係る異種構造建築物は、地表面上に形成される鉄筋コンクリート造の建築物（地上部分）が形成され、この地上部分を基礎として木質構造材である柱（管柱、通し柱）や桁（梁、胴差し）が継手や仕口により連結された木造軸組構造が形成された建築物であり、この木造軸組構造部分に実施例１又は実施例２に係る壁面構造（１ａ,１ｂ）を有する壁面や、実施例３に係る壁面３０を備えたものである。
よって、実施例５に係る異種構造建築物は、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５における基礎２が鉄筋コンクリート造の建築物に置き換えられたものであるため、実施例４に係る木造軸組工法建築物２５と同じ作用及び効果を有する。
The heterogeneous structure building according to Example 5 will be described in detail. (Particularly corresponding to claim 5)
In the dissimilar structure building according to Example 5, a reinforced concrete structure (ground part) formed on the ground surface is formed, and a pillar (tube pillar, through pillar) which is a wooden structure material based on this ground part. It is a building in which a wooden frame structure in which girders (beams, torso) are connected by joints and joints is formed, and the wall structure (1a, 1b) and a wall surface 30 according to the third embodiment.
Therefore, since the foundation 2 in the wooden frame construction method building 25 according to the fourth embodiment is replaced with a reinforced concrete building, the heterogeneous structure building according to the fifth embodiment has a wooden shaft according to the fourth embodiment. It has the same operation and effect as the assembly method building 25.
以上説明したように、本発明は鉄筋コンクリートからなる壁面の利点である耐震性、耐火性、耐水性及び耐久性を備えながら、その剛性を、従来木造軸組工法建築物に用いられる土塗壁や構造用合板を用いた壁面の剛性と同程度に調整することができる壁面構造及び壁面及びそれを用いた木造軸組工法建築物及び異種構造建築物に関するものであり、建築の分野において利用可能である。 As described above, the present invention has the advantages of a wall made of reinforced concrete, such as seismic resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and durability, while its rigidity is applied to earthen walls used in conventional wooden frame construction methods. It relates to wall structures and walls that can be adjusted to the same degree as the rigidity of the walls using structural plywood, and wooden frame construction methods and heterogeneous structures using them, and can be used in the field of architecture. is there.
１ａ，１ｂ…壁面構造 ２…基礎 ３…アンカーボルト ４ａ，４ｂ…壁部材 ５…桁（梁,胴差し） ６…柱（管柱,通し柱） ７…貫通孔 ８…固定具収容穴 ９…ナット １０…座金 １１…アンカープレート １２…地表面 １３…固定具 １４…貫通孔 １５…間柱 １６…窓まぐさ １７…窓台 １８…間柱受 １９…開口 ２０…接合部 ２１…接合ボルト ２２…外装材 ２３…小屋桁 ２４…屋根 ２５…木造軸組工法建築物 ２６…台所 ２７…洗面室 ２８…浴室 ２９ａ，２９ｂ…スリット ３０…壁面
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b ... Wall surface structure 2 ... Foundation 3 ... Anchor bolt 4a, 4b ... Wall member 5 ... Girder (beam, torsion) 6 ... Column (tube column, through column) 7 ... Through hole 8 ... Fixture accommodation hole 9 ... Nut DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Washer 11 ... Anchor plate 12 ... Ground surface 13 ... Fixing tool 14 ... Through-hole 15 ... Space pillar 16 ... Window lintel 17 ... Window stand 18 ... Space pillar holder 19 ... Opening 20 ... Joining part 21 ... Joint bolt 22 ... Exterior material 23 ... Hut girder 24 ... Roof 25 ... Wooden frame construction method 26 ... Kitchen 27 ... Washroom 28 ... Bathroom 29a, 29b ... Slit 30 ... Wall
Claims (5)
鉄筋コンクリートから成る基礎と、この基礎に埋設されるアンカーボルトと、前記基礎上に積み重ねられて壁面を構成するプレキャストコンクリートから成る中実な壁部材とを有し、
前記アンカーボルトの前記基礎上の露出部分は、前記基礎の真上に配置される桁材の上面近傍まで延設され、
前記壁部材は、その高さ方向に前記アンカーボルトを挿通させるための貫通孔を備えて、この貫通孔に前記アンカーボルトを挿通させながら前記基礎上に積み重ねられ、
前記アンカーボルトは、前記桁材をその材成方向に貫通し、前記アンカーボルトの端部が前記桁材の上面近傍に固定され、
前記壁部材同士の接触面は互いに接合されておらず、これにより前記壁面は縦横にスリットが形成された状態であることを特徴とする壁面構造。 A wall structure in a wooden frame construction method,
A foundation made of reinforced concrete, an anchor bolt embedded in the foundation, and a solid wall member made of precast concrete stacked on the foundation to form a wall;
The exposed portion on the basis of the anchor bolt is extended to the vicinity of the upper surface of the spar which is located directly above the said base,
The wall member includes a through hole for inserting the anchor bolt in the height direction thereof, and is stacked on the foundation while the anchor bolt is inserted through the through hole.
The anchor bolt penetrates the girder in the material forming direction, and an end of the anchor bolt is fixed near the upper surface of the girder ,
Said wall member contact surface between the not joined together, whereby said wall is the wall structure, wherein the state der Rukoto in which slits are formed vertically and horizontally.
前記木造軸組構造は、請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の壁面構造又は壁面を有することを特徴とする異種構造建築物。 A heterogeneous structure building formed from a ground part made of reinforced concrete and a wooden frame structure formed on the ground part,
The said wooden frame structure has the wall surface structure or wall surface of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3, The heterogeneous structure building characterized by the above-mentioned.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007240462A JP5131659B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2007-09-18 | Wall surface structure and wall surface and wooden frame construction method building and heterogeneous structure building using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007240462A JP5131659B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2007-09-18 | Wall surface structure and wall surface and wooden frame construction method building and heterogeneous structure building using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2009068303A JP2009068303A (en) | 2009-04-02 |
| JP5131659B2 true JP5131659B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 |
Family
ID=40604848
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007240462A Expired - Fee Related JP5131659B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2007-09-18 | Wall surface structure and wall surface and wooden frame construction method building and heterogeneous structure building using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5131659B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109629709B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-04-06 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Infilled wall applying pre-stress through building blocks with bolts and construction method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5747666U (en) * | 1980-08-30 | 1982-03-17 | ||
| JP2004060310A (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-02-26 | Toshiyuki Suzuki | Wooden earthquake-proof construction using earthquake-proof core |
-
2007
- 2007-09-18 JP JP2007240462A patent/JP5131659B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009068303A (en) | 2009-04-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100991851B1 (en) | Earthquake retrofit structure for brick wall and construction method thereof | |
| JP2006046055A (en) | Earthquake-resistance frame for wooden building opening | |
| JP6166560B2 (en) | Extension structure of seismic isolation building | |
| JP6403025B1 (en) | Steel column-beam joint structure and wooden structure | |
| JP2007162354A (en) | Reinforcing method for existing building, and building reinforced by the method | |
| JP2007032117A (en) | Fastener | |
| JP4399676B2 (en) | Building structure and its construction method | |
| JP5131659B2 (en) | Wall surface structure and wall surface and wooden frame construction method building and heterogeneous structure building using the same | |
| JP2007092318A (en) | Joint structure of wooden structural member, horizontal member, column structure, and column fitting, framework of wooden building with these parts, and method of assembling the framwork | |
| JP7365130B2 (en) | Earthquake shelter | |
| JP3128720U (en) | Seismic opening frame using wooden members attached to a wooden frame | |
| JP2019138053A (en) | Skeleton earthquake-resistant building, construction method of skeleton earthquake-resistant building and renewal method | |
| JP4520242B2 (en) | Frame structure of apartment house | |
| KR100768081B1 (en) | Columnless structure of apartment buildings | |
| JP2004285817A (en) | Woody earthquake-resistance opening frame built into wooden body | |
| JP2005016102A (en) | Aseismatic reinforcing implement and aseismatic reinforcing structure | |
| JP2010229801A (en) | Construction method | |
| KR200421529Y1 (en) | Prefabricated of Unit Cabin the Whole Construction | |
| JP5041210B2 (en) | Multi-storey residential building with basement floor | |
| JP2000154593A (en) | Reinforcing metal fitting for building structural body and reinforcing method of building structural body using its reinforcing metal fitting | |
| JP4411478B2 (en) | Wooden frame unit housing | |
| JP6950068B1 (en) | Residential building | |
| JP4607978B2 (en) | Reinforcement structure of bracing in wooden buildings | |
| JP7286374B2 (en) | building | |
| JP7286375B2 (en) | building |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712 Effective date: 20090729 |
|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20100512 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20100512 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20120413 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120511 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120710 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120928 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20121029 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151116 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |