JP5117012B2 - Direction detection system and signal extraction method - Google Patents

Direction detection system and signal extraction method Download PDF

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JP5117012B2
JP5117012B2 JP2006217353A JP2006217353A JP5117012B2 JP 5117012 B2 JP5117012 B2 JP 5117012B2 JP 2006217353 A JP2006217353 A JP 2006217353A JP 2006217353 A JP2006217353 A JP 2006217353A JP 5117012 B2 JP5117012 B2 JP 5117012B2
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鎮男 秋山
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Toshiba Corp
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この発明は、観測信号に含まれる信号を分離し、分離された信号の到来方位を求めると共に、所望の信号を抽出する方向探知システム及び信号抽出方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a direction detection system and a signal extraction method for separating a signal included in an observation signal, obtaining an arrival direction of the separated signal, and extracting a desired signal.

従来の方向探知システムにあっては、ＩＣＡ（Independent Component Analysis：独立成分分析）の手法に基づくブラインド信号分離法を利用しており、複数のセンサから得られる観測信号をサンプリング周期でそれぞれ独立した成分を分析することで信号数を推定し、観測信号から推定した個数の信号を分離し、サンプリング周期で得られる分離信号を連結するようにしている。   In the conventional direction detection system, the blind signal separation method based on the ICA (Independent Component Analysis) method is used, and the observation signals obtained from a plurality of sensors are independent components at the sampling period. The number of signals is estimated by analyzing the signal, the estimated number of signals are separated from the observed signals, and the separated signals obtained at the sampling period are connected.

ところが、上記ＩＣＡの手法に基づくブラインド信号分離法には、分離処理毎に得られる分離信号の順序が不定であるという問題があり、分離信号間の連結が困難であった。この問題の解決策として、分離波形間の相関を判定し、この判定結果から所望の信号を連続的に抽出する手法が報告されている（例えば特許文献１参照）が、相関の判定に誤りが発生する場合があり、動作を安定させる必要があった。   However, the blind signal separation method based on the ICA method has a problem that the order of the separated signals obtained for each separation process is indefinite, and it is difficult to connect the separated signals. As a solution to this problem, a method has been reported in which a correlation between separated waveforms is determined, and a desired signal is continuously extracted from the determination result (see, for example, Patent Document 1). It was necessary to stabilize the operation.

また、上記ブラインド信号分離法では、信号数推定にも誤りが生じやすいため、雑音のみの波形が出力されてしまったり、分離が不完全な出力を１つの独立した信号として扱ってしまったりする問題があった。さらに、分離処理だけでは信号の到来方位が得られないため、分離信号それぞれの到来方位を個別に探知しなければならず、システム全体の構成が複雑になるという問題もあった。
特開２００６−１７８３１４公報 In addition, in the blind signal separation method, an error is likely to occur in the signal number estimation, so that only a waveform of noise is output, or an output with incomplete separation is treated as one independent signal. was there. Furthermore, since the arrival direction of the signal cannot be obtained only by the separation processing, the arrival direction of each separated signal must be detected individually, and there is a problem that the configuration of the entire system becomes complicated.
JP 2006-178314 A

以上述べたように、従来の方向探知システムでは、観測信号について周期的に独立した成分を分析して信号を分離し連結する際の不安定動作、判定誤りの問題が指摘されており、また、分離信号それぞれについて別個到来方位を探知する必要があるため、システムの複雑化が問題視されている。   As described above, in the conventional direction detection system, the problem of unstable operation and determination error when analyzing and separating the components periodically separated from the observed signal and pointing them together has been pointed out. Since it is necessary to detect a separate direction of arrival for each separated signal, the complexity of the system is regarded as a problem.

この発明は上記事情に着目してなされたもので、その目的とするところは、観測信号から周期的に分離された信号それぞれの到来方位を求めつつ、分離信号を精度よく連結して抽出することが可能な方向探知システム及び信号抽出方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and its object is to extract the separated signals with high accuracy while obtaining the arrival directions of the signals periodically separated from the observation signals. It is an object of the present invention to provide a direction detection system and a signal extraction method capable of performing the above.

上記目的を達成するためにこの発明に係わる方向探知システムは、到来する信号を互いに独立して観測する複数のセンサと、前記複数のセンサの観測信号をそれぞれ周期的にサンプリングするサンプリング手段と、前記サンプリングされた信号をブラインド信号分離法に基づいて分離し、前記センサ数に対応する分離波形と分離ベクトルとを出力する分離手段と、前記出力された分離ベクトルをもとに前記複数のセンサによる信号の混合特性を表す混合ベクトルをそれぞれ求め、各混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、前記混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて求められた到来方位が重複する場合に、前記分離ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求める方位演算手段と、前記求められた到来方位に基づいて前記周期毎に出力される分離波形を連結する連結手段とを具備することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a direction detection system according to the present invention includes a plurality of sensors that observe incoming signals independently from each other, sampling means that periodically samples the observation signals of the plurality of sensors, Separating means for separating a sampled signal based on a blind signal separation method and outputting a separation waveform and a separation vector corresponding to the number of sensors, and signals from the plurality of sensors based on the output separation vectors Each of the mixing vectors representing the mixing characteristics of each of the above, and determining the arrival directions of the separated waveforms based on the azimuth characteristics of each mixing vector, and the arrival directions determined based on the azimuth characteristics of the mixing vectors overlap, and azimuth calculation means for calculating each arrival direction of the isolation waveform based on the orientation characteristics of the separation vector, before Based on the arrival direction obtained characterized by comprising a connecting means for connecting the separation waveform output for each of the periods.

また、この発明に係わる信号抽出方法は、複数のセンサにより互いに独立して観測された信号から所望の信号と到来方位を検出する方向探知システムに用いられる信号抽出方法であって、前記複数のセンサの観測信号をそれぞれ周期的にサンプリングし、前記サンプリングされた信号をブラインド信号分離法に基づいて分離し、前記センサ数に対応する分離波形と分離ベクトルとを出力し、前記出力された分離ベクトルをもとに前記複数のセンサによる信号の混合特性を表す混合ベクトルをそれぞれ求め、各混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、前記混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて求められた到来方位が重複する場合に、前記分離ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、前記求められた到来方位に基づいて前記周期毎に出力される分離波形を連結することを特徴とする。 The signal extraction method according to the present invention is a signal extraction method used in a direction detection system for detecting a desired signal and an arrival direction from signals observed independently from each other by a plurality of sensors. Each of the observed signals is periodically sampled, the sampled signal is separated based on a blind signal separation method, a separation waveform and a separation vector corresponding to the number of sensors are output, and the output separation vector is Based on the azimuth characteristics of the mixed vectors , the mixing vectors representing the mixing characteristics of the signals from the plurality of sensors are obtained, the arrival directions of the separated waveforms are obtained based on the azimuth characteristics of the mixed vectors, respectively. If the arrival direction has overlap, respectively arrival direction of the isolation waveform based on the orientation characteristics of the separation vector Because, characterized by connecting a separate waveform output for each of the period based on the arrival direction obtained.

上記構成では、分離結果ごとに分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、求められた到来方位に基づいて分離波形を連結し、連続する信号として出力するようにしている。つまり、同一方位の信号同士を連結することで、連続する信号を的確に抽出することが可能となる。   In the above configuration, the arrival directions of the separation waveforms are obtained for each separation result, the separation waveforms are connected based on the obtained arrival directions, and output as continuous signals. That is, it is possible to accurately extract continuous signals by connecting signals in the same direction.

したがってこの発明によれば、観測信号から周期的に分離された信号それぞれの到来方位を求めつつ、分離信号を精度よく連結して抽出することが可能な方向探知システム及び信号抽出方法を提供することができる。   Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a direction detection system and a signal extraction method capable of accurately connecting and extracting separated signals while obtaining arrival directions of signals periodically separated from observation signals. Can do.

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
図１は、この発明に係わる方向探知システムの一実施形態を示すブロック構成図である。
この方向探知システムは、ｎ個のセンサ１−１〜１−ｎと、サンプリング部１０と、ブラインド信号分離部２０と、方位演算部３０と、連結処理部４０と、端子選択スイッチ部５０と、分離信号出力部６０とを備える。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a direction finding system according to the present invention.
The direction detection system includes n sensors 1-1 to 1-n, a sampling unit 10, a blind signal separation unit 20, an azimuth calculation unit 30, a connection processing unit 40, a terminal selection switch unit 50, And a separated signal output unit 60.

センサ１−１〜１−ｎはアレイ状に配列され、到来する信号を互いに独立して観測するもので、各センサ１−１〜１−ｎが同時に到来する複数の信号（例えば図中Ｓ１〜Ｓ３）を受信する。各センサ１−１〜１−ｎで受信された観測信号は、例えば信号Ｓ１〜Ｓ３を含む混合信号であり、それぞれサンプリング部１０に供給される。サンプリング部１０は、各センサ１−１〜１−ｎから入力された観測信号をそれぞれサンプリング周期で区切り、その連続するサンプリング期間ごとにサンプリングする。サンプリングされた各センサ１−１〜１−ｎの観測信号はブラインド信号分離部２０に供給される。   The sensors 1-1 to 1-n are arranged in an array and observe incoming signals independently of each other. A plurality of signals (for example, S1 to S1 in the figure) are simultaneously received by the sensors 1-1 to 1-n. S3) is received. The observation signals received by the sensors 1-1 to 1-n are mixed signals including signals S1 to S3, for example, and are supplied to the sampling unit 10, respectively. The sampling unit 10 divides the observation signals input from the sensors 1-1 to 1-n by the sampling period, and samples each continuous sampling period. The sampled observation signals of the sensors 1-1 to 1-n are supplied to the blind signal separation unit 20.

上記ブラインド信号分離部２０は、サンプリング部１０でサンプリングされた各観測信号についてＩＣＡ等のアルゴリズムを用いて分析し、各観測信号からセンサ数と同数（ｎ個）までの信号を分離して、その分離ベクトルを求めると共に、このベクトルを観測信号の波形に乗算して分離された信号の波形データを得る。ここで得られたｎ個の分離信号（分離ベクトル及び波形データ）は方位演算部３０に供給されると共に、端子選択スイッチ部５０に供給される。   The blind signal separation unit 20 analyzes each observation signal sampled by the sampling unit 10 using an algorithm such as ICA, and separates signals up to the same number (n) as the number of sensors from each observation signal. A separation vector is obtained and the waveform of the separated signal is obtained by multiplying the waveform of the observation signal by this vector. The n separation signals (separation vector and waveform data) obtained here are supplied to the azimuth calculation unit 30 and also to the terminal selection switch unit 50.

上記方位演算部３０は、ｎ個の分離信号それぞれの分離ベクトル及び波形データを受け取り、その分離ベクトルに基づいて各分離信号（波形データ）の方位を求めるもので、ここで得られたｎ個の分離信号の方位データは、波形データと共に連結処理部４０に供給される。   The azimuth calculation unit 30 receives the separation vector and waveform data of each of the n separation signals, and obtains the orientation of each separation signal (waveform data) based on the separation vector. The direction data of the separation signal is supplied to the connection processing unit 40 together with the waveform data.

上記連結処理部４０は、方位演算部３０で得られた方位データに基づいて、サンプリング期間ごとに同一方位の分離信号の波形データを選別して、同一方位の分離信号が連続するように、上記端子選択スイッチ部５０の入出力端子間を切替制御する。端子選択スイッチ部５０から出力されるｎ個の分離信号は分離信号出力部６０に供給される。
上記分離信号出力部６０は、端子選択スイッチ部５０で得られたｎ個の分離信号の中から指定される方位の分離信号を波形整形して、連続信号として出力する。 Based on the azimuth data obtained by the azimuth calculation unit 30, the connection processing unit 40 selects the waveform data of the separation signal having the same direction for each sampling period, and the separation signal having the same direction is continuous. Switching control is performed between input and output terminals of the terminal selection switch unit 50. The n separated signals output from the terminal selection switch unit 50 are supplied to the separated signal output unit 60.
The separated signal output unit 60 shapes the separated signal of the designated orientation from the n separated signals obtained by the terminal selection switch unit 50, and outputs it as a continuous signal.

上記構成による方向探知システムにおいて、以下にその特徴となる処理動作について説明する。
今、雑音の存在を無視すると、入力信号をＸ、センサ１−１〜１−ｎの配置による混合特性を表す混合行列をＡとすれば、センサ出力として得られる信号Ｙは、
Ｙ＝Ａ・Ｘ
で表される。 In the direction detection system having the above-described configuration, a processing operation that is a feature thereof will be described below.
Now, ignoring the presence of noise, if the input signal is X and the mixing matrix representing the mixing characteristics by the arrangement of the sensors 1-1 to 1-n is A, the signal Y obtained as the sensor output is
Y = A ・ X
It is represented by

これに対して、ＩＣＡの手法に基づくブラインド信号分離法では、Ａの逆行列に相当する分離行列Ｖを求め、
Ｖ・Ｙ＝Ａ−１・Ｙ＝Ａ−１（Ａ・Ｘ）＝Ｘ
の関係式からＸ（混合前の個々の波形）を求める。 In contrast, in the blind signal separation method based on the ICA method, a separation matrix V corresponding to the inverse matrix of A is obtained,
V · Y = A −1 · Y = A −1 (A · X) = X
X (individual waveform before mixing) is obtained from the relational expression.

ここで問題となるのがＡの次元であり、この次元は到来する信号数に対応する。通常、信号数の推定は固有値解析を行い、その固有値の分布から行われるが、実際の信号伝搬環境では誤る場合が多い。誤った場合は、Ａの次元を実際より多くあるいは少なく見積もることとなり、多い場合は信号以外の雑音成分が出力され、少ない場合は所望信号が欠落する。一般的に、信号数推定においては所望信号が欠落しないように、信号数を多めに選択する場合が多い。また、ブラインド信号分離部２０から出力される分離波形は、分離処理毎の順番が不定であるため、連続する信号同士を的確に検索して連結する必要がある。   The problem here is the dimension of A, which corresponds to the number of incoming signals. Usually, the estimation of the number of signals is performed by performing eigenvalue analysis and the distribution of the eigenvalues. However, there are many errors in the actual signal propagation environment. If it is incorrect, the dimension of A is estimated to be more or less than the actual dimension. If it is large, noise components other than the signal are output, and if it is small, the desired signal is lost. In general, in the signal number estimation, a large number of signals are often selected so that a desired signal is not lost. In addition, since the separation waveform output from the blind signal separation unit 20 has an indefinite order for each separation process, it is necessary to accurately search and connect consecutive signals.

そこで、本実施形態では、方位演算部３０により分離波形の方位をそれぞれ求め、この方位情報をもとに連結処理部４０で余分な雑音成分を排除しつつ連続する信号同士を的確に判断し、この判断結果に基づいて端子選択スイッチ部５０で連続する信号同士を連結させる。このようにして、信号数を多めに推定した場合でも所望信号と雑音成分とを的確に判別し、連続性を有する分離信号を精度よく判別して連結する。以下に、個々の処理について具体的に説明する。   Therefore, in the present embodiment, the azimuth calculation unit 30 obtains the azimuths of the separated waveforms, and based on this azimuth information, the connection processing unit 40 accurately determines consecutive signals while eliminating excess noise components, Based on the determination result, the terminal selection switch unit 50 connects continuous signals. In this way, even when the number of signals is estimated to be large, the desired signal and the noise component are accurately discriminated, and separated signals having continuity are accurately discriminated and connected. Below, each process is demonstrated concretely.

図２は、方位演算部３０の処理手順とその内容を示すフローチャートである。
図２において、方位演算部３０は、先ず、ブラインド信号分離部２０から出力される分離ベクトルから混合ベクトルの生成を行う（ステップＳ２ａ）。この処理は、Ｖとして求められた分離行列の逆行列としてＡを再現する処理であり、Ａを混合ベクトルとして使用する。次に、分離ベクトルにステアリングベクトルを乗算し、分離ベクトルの方位特性を表す乗算波形を求める（ステップＳ２ｂ）。ステアリングベクトルとは、対象とする到来方位範囲、仰角範囲に対するセンサの応答特性を示すものである。図３に、分離ベクトルとステアリングベクトルの乗算波形の一例を示す。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the azimuth calculation unit 30 and its contents.
In FIG. 2, the azimuth calculation unit 30 first generates a mixture vector from the separation vector output from the blind signal separation unit 20 (step S2a). This process is a process of reproducing A as an inverse matrix of the separation matrix obtained as V, and uses A as a mixed vector. Next, the separation vector is multiplied by the steering vector to obtain a multiplication waveform representing the azimuth characteristic of the separation vector (step S2b). The steering vector indicates response characteristics of the sensor with respect to the target arrival direction range and elevation angle range. FIG. 3 shows an example of a multiplication waveform of the separation vector and the steering vector.

次に、この乗算波形からピークをサーチし（ステップＳ２ｃ）、そのピーク値と予め設定された閾値とを比較する（ステップＳ２ｄ）。図３に、閾値の一例を示す。この閾値は、実際に用いる信号環境において決定する。この比較において、全ての分離ベクトルＶに対するピーク値がいずれも閾値を超えている場合は、ステップＳ２ｅに移行し、混合ベクトルＡとステアリングベクトルとを乗算し、混合ベクトルの方位特性を表す乗算波形を求め、この乗算波形のピークを検出する。図４に、混合ベクトルとステアリングベクトルの乗算波形の一例を示す。   Next, a peak is searched from this multiplication waveform (step S2c), and the peak value is compared with a preset threshold value (step S2d). FIG. 3 shows an example of the threshold value. This threshold is determined in the actual signal environment. In this comparison, if all the peak values for all the separation vectors V exceed the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S2e, where the mixture vector A and the steering vector are multiplied, and a multiplication waveform representing the azimuth characteristic of the mixture vector is obtained. The peak of this multiplication waveform is detected. FIG. 4 shows an example of a multiplication waveform of the mixed vector and the steering vector.

最終的に、方位演算部３０は、上記検出されたピークに対応する方位を信号の到来方位として採用する（ステップＳ２ｆ）。例えば、図５に示すように、分離ベクトルの方位特性において全てのピーク値が閾値を超えている場合、混合ベクトルの方位特性から求められるピークをその信号の到来方位として採用する。同図の場合、信号の到来方位は、２００度、１００度、３００度とそれぞれ推定される。   Finally, the azimuth calculation unit 30 adopts the azimuth corresponding to the detected peak as the arrival azimuth of the signal (step S2f). For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when all peak values in the azimuth characteristic of the separation vector exceed a threshold value, the peak obtained from the azimuth characteristic of the mixed vector is adopted as the arrival azimuth of the signal. In the case of the figure, the arrival directions of the signals are estimated to be 200 degrees, 100 degrees, and 300 degrees, respectively.

一方、ステップＳ２ｄの比較において、全ての分離ベクトルとステアリングベクトルの乗算波形のピーク値の中に閾値以下のものがある場合は、ステップＳ２ｇに移行して、先ず、混合ベクトルとステアリングベクトルとの乗算波形からピークを検出する。そして、検出されたピークに対応する方位が重複するか否かを判定する（ステップＳ２ｈ）。この判定において、図６に示すように、混合ベクトルの方位特性において方位の重複がない場合は、ステップＳ２ｆに移行して、このまま混合ベクトルの乗算波形のピークに対応する方位を信号の到来方位として採用する。図６の場合では、信号の到来方位が２００度、３００度、１００度とそれぞれ推定される。   On the other hand, in the comparison in step S2d, when there is a peak value of the multiplication waveform of all the separated vectors and the steering vector that is less than the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S2g and first the multiplication of the mixed vector and the steering vector. Detect peaks from the waveform. And it is determined whether the direction corresponding to the detected peak overlaps (step S2h). In this determination, as shown in FIG. 6, when there is no azimuth overlap in the azimuth characteristics of the mixed vector, the process proceeds to step S2f, and the azimuth corresponding to the peak of the multiplication waveform of the mixed vector is used as the arrival direction of the signal. adopt. In the case of FIG. 6, the arrival directions of the signals are estimated as 200 degrees, 300 degrees, and 100 degrees, respectively.

また、ステップＳ２ｈの判定において、図７に示すように、混合ベクトルの方位特性から求められた方位が重複する場合には、ステップＳ２ｉに移行し、分離ベクトルの方位特性のピークが重複しているか否かを判定する。図７において、混合ベクトルの方位特性において２番目と３番目の信号の方位が１００度で重複しているが、分離ベクトルの方位特性によれば、２番目の信号は方位２００度でピークを検出できる。このため、２番目の信号の方位を２００度とし、３番目の信号を方位１００度と採用する（ステップＳ２ｊ）。   Further, in the determination of step S2h, as shown in FIG. 7, when the orientations obtained from the azimuth characteristics of the mixed vector overlap, the process proceeds to step S2i, where the peaks of the azimuth characteristics of the separation vectors overlap. Determine whether or not. In FIG. 7, the azimuth characteristics of the mixed vector overlap the azimuths of the second and third signals at 100 degrees, but according to the azimuth characteristics of the separation vector, the second signal detects the peak at the azimuth of 200 degrees. it can. For this reason, the azimuth of the second signal is 200 degrees, and the third signal is azimuth 100 degrees (step S2j).

さらに、ステップＳ２ｉの判定において、分離ベクトルとステアリングベクトルの乗算波形において、方位が重複する場合、ステップＳ２ｋにおいて、分離波形に対応する時間軸波形を周波数スペクトラムに変換し、周波数スペクトラムの分散を求めて比較する。この分散の値が大きい方が真の信号を表し、分散の値が小さい方が雑音成分と見なされる。例えば、図８に示すように、分離ベクトルの方位特性から方位を求めるのが困難な場合、分離波形のスペクトラムの分散を求めることにより、３番目の信号が不要な分離信号（信号数推定で多めに見積もった信号）として除外される。なお、方位が極めて接近している信号に対しては、さらに時間軸波形間の相関を判定する方法を併用するのが有効である。   Furthermore, in the determination of step S2i, when the directions overlap in the multiplication waveform of the separation vector and the steering vector, in step S2k, the time axis waveform corresponding to the separation waveform is converted into a frequency spectrum, and the dispersion of the frequency spectrum is obtained. Compare. A larger dispersion value represents a true signal, and a smaller dispersion value is regarded as a noise component. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when it is difficult to obtain the azimuth from the azimuth characteristics of the separation vector, the third signal becomes unnecessary by obtaining the variance of the spectrum of the separation waveform (a larger number is estimated by estimating the number of signals). Signal). In addition, it is effective to use a method for determining a correlation between time-axis waveforms for a signal whose azimuth is very close.

方位演算部３０は、分離処理毎に上記処理を実行し、求められた各信号の到来方位を表す方位情報を連結処理部４０に出力する（ステップＳ２ｌ）。連結処理部４０は、この方位情報に基づいて同一方位の信号を連結するための切替信号を生成して端子選択スイッチ部５０に送る。この切替信号に従って端子選択スイッチ部５０の入出力端子間の接続が切り替えられ、分離処理毎の分離信号が連結され、分離信号出力部６０から連続信号として出力される。   The azimuth calculation unit 30 executes the above process for each separation process, and outputs azimuth information representing the obtained arrival azimuth of each signal to the connection processing unit 40 (step S2l). The connection processing unit 40 generates a switching signal for connecting signals having the same direction based on the direction information and sends the switching signal to the terminal selection switch unit 50. In accordance with this switching signal, the connection between the input / output terminals of the terminal selection switch unit 50 is switched, the separation signal for each separation processing is connected, and the separation signal output unit 60 outputs the continuous signal.

以上述べたように、上記実施形態では、ブラインド信号分離部２０は、独立成分分析等のアルゴリズムを用いてサンプリング部１０からの入力信号をもとに、センサ数と同数までの入射信号を分離し抽出する。方位演算部３０は、ブラインド信号分離部２０の出力結果である分離ベクトルをもとに、センサによる信号の混合特性を表す混合ベクトルを求め、混合ベクトルとセンサの応答特性を示すステアリングベクトルとの乗算波形に基づいて分離信号の到来方位を求める。連結処理部４０は、この方位情報に基づいて同一方位の信号を連結するように端子選択スイッチ部５０の入出力端子間を切替制御する。これにより、端子選択スイッチ部５０にて分離処理毎の分離信号が連結され、連続する信号として分離信号出力部６０から出力されるようになる。   As described above, in the above-described embodiment, the blind signal separation unit 20 separates up to the same number of incident signals as the number of sensors based on the input signal from the sampling unit 10 using an algorithm such as independent component analysis. Extract. The azimuth calculation unit 30 obtains a mixture vector representing the mixing characteristics of the signals from the sensor based on the separation vector output from the blind signal separation unit 20, and multiplies the mixture vector and the steering vector indicating the response characteristics of the sensor. Based on the waveform, the arrival direction of the separated signal is obtained. The connection processing unit 40 performs switching control between the input / output terminals of the terminal selection switch unit 50 so as to connect signals of the same direction based on this direction information. As a result, the separation signal for each separation process is connected in the terminal selection switch unit 50 and is output from the separation signal output unit 60 as a continuous signal.

したがって上記実施形態によれば、分離結果毎に分離波形の方位をそれぞれ求め、この方位情報をもとに連続する信号同士が的確に連結される。さらに、分離波形の周波数スペクトラムの分散を求めることにより、信号数を多めに推定した場合でも所望信号と雑音成分とを的確に判別し、連続性を有する分離信号を精度よく判別して連結することが可能となる。   Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, the direction of the separation waveform is obtained for each separation result, and continuous signals are accurately connected based on this direction information. Furthermore, by obtaining the variance of the frequency spectrum of the separated waveform, even when the number of signals is estimated to be large, the desired signal and the noise component are accurately discriminated, and the separated signals having continuity are accurately discriminated and connected. Is possible.

なお、この発明は、上記実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合せにより種々の発明を形成できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。さらに、異なる実施形態に亘る構成要素を適宜組み合せてもよい。   Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.

この発明に係わる方向探知システムの一実施形態を示すブロック構成図。The block block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the direction detection system concerning this invention. 図１に示す方位演算部の処理手順とその処理内容を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows the process sequence of the azimuth | direction calculating part shown in FIG. 1, and its processing content. 分離ベクトルとステアリングベクトルとの乗算波形を示す図。The figure which shows the multiplication waveform of an isolation | separation vector and a steering vector. 混合ベクトルとステアリングベクトルとの乗算波形を示す図。The figure which shows the multiplication waveform of a mixing vector and a steering vector. 方位演算処理方法を説明する図。The figure explaining the direction calculation processing method. 方位演算処理方法を説明する図。The figure explaining the direction calculation processing method. 方位演算処理方法を説明する図。The figure explaining the direction calculation processing method. 方位演算処理方法を説明する図。The figure explaining the direction calculation processing method.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１−１〜１−ｎ…センサ、１０…サンプリング部、２０…ブラインド信号分離部、３０…方位演算部、４０…連結処理部、５０…端子選択スイッチ部、６０…分離信号出力部。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1-1-1-n ... Sensor, 10 ... Sampling part, 20 ... Blind signal separation part, 30 ... Direction calculating part, 40 ... Connection process part, 50 ... Terminal selection switch part, 60 ... Separation signal output part.

Claims (4)

到来する信号を互いに独立して観測する複数のセンサと、
前記複数のセンサの観測信号をそれぞれ周期的にサンプリングするサンプリング手段と、
前記サンプリングされた信号をブラインド信号分離法に基づいて分離し、前記センサ数に対応する分離波形と分離ベクトルとを出力する分離手段と、
前記出力された分離ベクトルをもとに前記複数のセンサによる信号の混合特性を表す混合ベクトルをそれぞれ求め、各混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、前記混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて求められた到来方位が重複する場合に、前記分離ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求める方位演算手段と、
前記求められた到来方位に基づいて前記周期毎に出力される分離波形を連結する連結手段と
を具備することを特徴とする方向探知システム。 Multiple sensors that observe incoming signals independently of each other;
Sampling means for periodically sampling the observation signals of the plurality of sensors;
Separating means for separating the sampled signal based on a blind signal separation method, and outputting a separation waveform and a separation vector corresponding to the number of sensors;
Based on the output separation vector, each of the mixing vectors representing the mixing characteristics of the signals from the plurality of sensors is obtained, and the arrival direction of the separation waveform is obtained based on the azimuth characteristics of each mixing vector. When the arrival directions obtained based on the azimuth characteristics overlap, the azimuth calculation means for obtaining the arrival directions of the separated waveforms based on the azimuth characteristics of the separation vector,
A direction detecting system comprising: a connecting means for connecting separated waveforms output for each period based on the obtained arrival direction. 到来する信号を互いに独立して観測する複数のセンサと、
前記複数のセンサの観測信号をそれぞれ周期的にサンプリングするサンプリング手段と、
前記サンプリングされた信号をブラインド信号分離法に基づいて分離し、前記センサ数に対応する分離波形と分離ベクトルとを出力する分離手段と、
前記出力された分離ベクトルをもとに前記複数のセンサによる信号の混合特性を表す混合ベクトルをそれぞれ求め、各混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、前記混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて求められた到来方位が重複する場合に、前記分離波形の時間軸波形を周波数スペクトラムに変換して、この周波数スペクトラムの分散を算出し、算出された分散の値に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求める方位演算手段と、
前記求められた到来方位に基づいて前記周期毎に出力される分離波形を連結する連結手段と
を具備することを特徴とする方向探知システム。 Multiple sensors that observe incoming signals independently of each other;
Sampling means for periodically sampling the observation signals of the plurality of sensors;
Separating means for separating the sampled signal based on a blind signal separation method, and outputting a separation waveform and a separation vector corresponding to the number of sensors;
Based on the output separation vector, each of the mixing vectors representing the mixing characteristics of the signals from the plurality of sensors is obtained, and the arrival direction of the separation waveform is obtained based on the azimuth characteristics of each mixing vector. When the arrival directions determined based on the azimuth characteristics overlap, the time-axis waveform of the separated waveform is converted into a frequency spectrum, and the variance of the frequency spectrum is calculated. Based on the calculated variance value, Azimuth calculating means for obtaining the arrival directions of the separated waveforms,
A direction detecting system comprising: a connecting means for connecting separated waveforms output for each period based on the obtained arrival direction. 複数のセンサにより互いに独立して観測された信号から所望の信号と到来方位を検出する方向探知システムに用いられる信号抽出方法であって、
前記複数のセンサの観測信号をそれぞれ周期的にサンプリングし、
前記サンプリングされた信号をブラインド信号分離法に基づいて分離し、前記センサ数に対応する分離波形と分離ベクトルとを出力し、
前記出力された分離ベクトルをもとに前記複数のセンサによる信号の混合特性を表す混合ベクトルをそれぞれ求め、各混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、前記混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて求められた到来方位が重複する場合に、前記分離ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、
前記求められた到来方位に基づいて前記周期毎に出力される分離波形を連結することを特徴とする信号抽出方法。 A signal extraction method used in a direction detection system that detects a desired signal and an arrival direction from signals observed independently by a plurality of sensors,
Periodically sampling the observation signals of the plurality of sensors,
Separating the sampled signal based on a blind signal separation method, and outputting a separation waveform and a separation vector corresponding to the number of sensors;
Based on the output separation vector, each of the mixing vectors representing the mixing characteristics of the signals from the plurality of sensors is obtained, and the arrival direction of the separation waveform is obtained based on the azimuth characteristics of each mixing vector. When the arrival directions determined based on the azimuth characteristics overlap, the respective arrival directions of the separated waveforms are determined based on the directional characteristics of the separation vector,
A signal extraction method comprising: connecting separated waveforms output for each of the periods based on the obtained arrival direction. 複数のセンサにより互いに独立して観測された信号から所望の信号と到来方位を検出する方向探知システムに用いられる信号抽出方法であって、
前記複数のセンサの観測信号をそれぞれ周期的にサンプリングし、
前記サンプリングされた信号をブラインド信号分離法に基づいて分離し、前記センサ数に対応する分離波形と分離ベクトルとを出力し、
前記出力された分離ベクトルをもとに前記複数のセンサによる信号の混合特性を表す混合ベクトルをそれぞれ求め、各混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、前記混合ベクトルの方位特性に基づいて求められた到来方位が重複する場合に、前記分離波形の時間軸波形を周波数スペクトラムに変換して、この周波数スペクトラムの分散を算出し、算出された分散の値に基づいて前記分離波形の到来方位をそれぞれ求め、
前記求められた到来方位に基づいて前記周期毎に出力される分離波形を連結することを特徴とする信号抽出方法。 A signal extraction method used in a direction detection system that detects a desired signal and an arrival direction from signals observed independently by a plurality of sensors,
Periodically sampling the observation signals of the plurality of sensors,
Separating the sampled signal based on a blind signal separation method, and outputting a separation waveform and a separation vector corresponding to the number of sensors;
Based on the output separation vector, each of the mixing vectors representing the mixing characteristics of the signals from the plurality of sensors is obtained, and the arrival direction of the separation waveform is obtained based on the azimuth characteristics of each mixing vector. When the arrival directions determined based on the azimuth characteristics overlap, the time-axis waveform of the separated waveform is converted into a frequency spectrum, and the variance of the frequency spectrum is calculated. Based on the calculated variance value, Find the arrival directions of the separated waveforms,
A signal extraction method comprising: connecting separated waveforms output for each of the periods based on the obtained arrival direction.
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