JP5081112B2 - How to prevent alkali contamination of wood - Google Patents
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- JP5081112B2 JP5081112B2 JP2008238383A JP2008238383A JP5081112B2 JP 5081112 B2 JP5081112 B2 JP 5081112B2 JP 2008238383 A JP2008238383 A JP 2008238383A JP 2008238383 A JP2008238383 A JP 2008238383A JP 5081112 B2 JP5081112 B2 JP 5081112B2
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Description
本発明は、木質材のアルカリ汚染の防止方法、木質材のアルカリ汚染防止剤及びアルカ汚染防止木質材に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for preventing alkali contamination of a wood material, an alkali contamination inhibitor for a wood material, and an alkali contamination prevention wood material.
合板は、水に濡れると、表面に黒色ないし茶色のしみ状の汚れが生じることがある。例えば、木造建築の床パネル用の合板が雨に濡れるとその表面にしみ状に黒色ないし茶色の変色部分が生じる。この現象は、アルカリ汚染と呼ばれるもので、合板等の木質材を製造する際に使用する接着剤であるフェノール樹脂系接着剤からアルカリ性の成分が溶け出し、その成分が木材の成分と反応してしみ状の変色部分を生じさせるものである。
合板等の木質材にアルカリ汚染が生じると、強度等の物性に影響はないものの、美観が損なわれることで商品価値が大きく損なわれる。このようなアルカリ汚染を防止することは、木質材が人の目に見える用途に使用される場合に有益であることは勿論、木質材が、木造建築の床下地材、化粧板の基材等、最終的には目に見えない用途に使用される場合にも、途中の段階で人の目に触れる可能性があることを考慮すれば有益である。
When plywood gets wet, black or brown stains may occur on the surface. For example, when a plywood for a floor panel of a wooden building gets wet with rain, a black or brown discoloration portion is formed on the surface of the plywood. This phenomenon is called alkali contamination, and an alkaline component dissolves from a phenol resin adhesive, which is an adhesive used when manufacturing a wood material such as plywood, and the component reacts with a component of wood. A spot-like discoloration portion is generated.
When the wooden material such as plywood is contaminated with alkali, there is no effect on the physical properties such as strength, but the aesthetic appearance is impaired and the commercial value is greatly impaired. Preventing such alkali contamination is beneficial when the wood material is used for applications that are visible to humans, and the wood material is a floor base material for wooden construction, a base material for a decorative board, etc. Even when it is finally used for an invisible application, it is beneficial to consider that there is a possibility of being touched by humans at an intermediate stage.
アルカリ汚染の防止方法として、特許文献１には、フェノール樹脂系接着剤を使用して製造された木質基材と木質化粧単板とからなる化粧板を製造するに際し、木質基材と木質化粧単板との間にポリサンド紙を介在させる方法が記載されている。
しかし、この方法は、フェノール樹脂系接着剤を使用して製造された木質材を、その表面を化粧材等で被覆しないで用いる場合には使用することができない。また、ポリサンド紙を挟み込むことによる製造工程の複雑化やコスト増の問題もある。
As a method for preventing alkali contamination, Patent Document 1 discloses that when a decorative board made of a wooden base material and a wooden decorative veneer manufactured using a phenol resin adhesive is manufactured, A method is described in which polysand paper is interposed between the plates.
However, this method cannot be used when a wood material manufactured using a phenol resin adhesive is used without covering the surface with a decorative material or the like. In addition, there is a problem in that the manufacturing process is complicated and the cost is increased due to sandwiching the poly sand paper.
また、アルカリ汚染の防止方法として、撥水剤などによる木質材の処理も行われているが、効果が一時的であり、水分を長時間接触させた場合には、該水分が浸透してアルカリ汚染が生じてしまい、根本的な解決方法とはなっていない。
また、木材のしみ消しや色の統一のために、木材を過酸化水素水で処理することが知られている（特許文献２参照）。しかし、この方法は、しみ等が生じたときの対処法にすぎない。
In addition, as a method for preventing alkali contamination, wood materials are also treated with a water repellent or the like. However, the effect is temporary. Contamination occurs and is not a fundamental solution.
In addition, it is known that wood is treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution in order to erase the wood and unify the color (see Patent Document 2). However, this method is only a countermeasure against a stain or the like.
従って、本発明の目的は、木質材のアルカリ汚染を簡便且つ経済的に防止することのできる、木質材のアルカリ汚染の防止方法、及びアルカリ汚染防止剤を提供することにある。
また、本発明の目的は、水に濡れてもアルカリ汚染が生じにくいアルカリ汚染防止木質材を提供することにある。
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing alkali contamination of a wood material and an alkali contamination inhibitor which can easily and economically prevent the wood material from being contaminated with alkali.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an alkali-contamination-preventing wooden material that hardly causes alkali contamination even when wet.
本発明は、木質材を、２価の鉄イオンの存在下に過酸化水素水で処理することを特徴とする、木質材のアルカリ汚染の防止方法を提供することにより前記目的を達成したものである。
また、本発明は、過酸化水素水と該過酸化水素水に混合される硫酸第１鉄とからなる、木質材のアルカリ汚染防止剤を提供することにより前記目的を達成したものである。
また、本発明は、硫酸第１鉄を混合した過酸化水素水で木質材を処理して得られるアルカリ汚染防止木質材を提供することにより、前記目的を達成したものである。
The present invention achieves the above object by providing a method for preventing alkali contamination of a wood material, characterized in that the wood material is treated with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of divalent iron ions. is there.
Moreover, this invention achieves the said objective by providing the alkali pollution inhibitor of a wooden material which consists of hydrogen peroxide solution and the ferrous sulfate mixed with this hydrogen peroxide solution.
Moreover, this invention achieves the said objective by providing the alkali pollution prevention wooden material obtained by processing a wooden material with the hydrogen-peroxide solution which mixed the ferrous sulfate.
本発明のアルカリ汚染の防止方法及びアルカリ汚染防止剤よれば、木質材のアルカリ汚染を簡便且つ経済的に防止することができる。
本発明のアルカリ汚染防止木質材は、水に濡れてもアルカリ汚染が生じにくい。
According to the method for preventing alkali contamination and the alkali contamination inhibitor of the present invention, it is possible to easily and economically prevent alkali contamination of wood materials.
The alkali-contamination-preventing wooden material of the present invention hardly causes alkali contamination even when wet.
以下、本発明をその好ましい実施形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。
本発明においては、木質材を、２価の鉄イオンの存在下に過酸化水素水で処理する。
２価の鉄イオンの供給源としては、強酸の鉄塩が好ましく用いられ、特に硫酸第１鉄が好ましく用いられる。硫酸第１鉄としては、無水塩、一、四、五、七水塩等を用いることができ、コスト等の観点から、硫酸鉄（ＩＩ）七水塩〔ＦｅＳＯ4・７Ｈ2Ｏ〕を用いることが好ましい。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments thereof.
In the present invention, the wood material is treated with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of divalent iron ions.
As a supply source of divalent iron ions, iron salts of strong acids are preferably used, and particularly ferrous sulfate is preferably used. As ferrous sulfate, anhydrous salts, 1, 4, 5, heptahydrate, etc. can be used, and iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate [FeSO 4 .7H 2 O] is used from the viewpoint of cost and the like. It is preferable.
過酸化水素水は、過酸化水素の濃度が２〜２５質量％であることが、アルカリ汚染の防止及び処理コストの抑制の点から好ましく、より好ましくは８〜２０質量％であり、更に好ましくは１０〜１５質量％である。
２価の鉄イオンは、硫酸第１鉄を過酸化水素水に混合して供給することが好ましい。過酸化水素水に対する硫酸第１鉄の好ましい配合量は、硫酸鉄（ＩＩ）七水塩の添加量で示したときに、過酸化水素水１００ｇに対して、１０〜１００ｍｇであることが好ましく、より好ましくは３０〜８０ｍｇであり、更に好ましくは５０〜７０ｍｇである。
The hydrogen peroxide solution preferably has a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 2 to 25% by mass from the viewpoint of prevention of alkali contamination and suppression of treatment costs, more preferably 8 to 20% by mass, and still more preferably. 10 to 15% by mass.
The divalent iron ions are preferably supplied by mixing ferrous sulfate with hydrogen peroxide. The preferable blending amount of ferrous sulfate with respect to the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably 10 to 100 mg with respect to 100 g of the hydrogen peroxide solution, when indicated by the addition amount of iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate, More preferably, it is 30-80 mg, More preferably, it is 50-70 mg.
過酸化水素水による木質材の処理は、２価の鉄イオンの供給源である硫酸第１鉄等の鉄塩を過酸化水素水に混合し、その混合液を木質材に塗布することが好ましい。塗布方法としては、木質材に処理液を付着できれば良く、刷毛塗り、ロールコーター、スプレーコーター、浸漬等の各種公知の方法を特に制限なく用いることができる。また、木質材に、硫酸第１鉄の水溶液を塗布した直後に過酸化水素水を塗布することもできる。 The treatment of the wood material with the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably performed by mixing an iron salt such as ferrous sulfate, which is a supply source of divalent iron ions, with the hydrogen peroxide solution and applying the mixture to the wood material. . As a coating method, it is only necessary that the treatment liquid can be attached to the wood material, and various known methods such as brush coating, roll coater, spray coater, and dipping can be used without particular limitation. Further, the hydrogen peroxide solution can be applied to the wood material immediately after the ferrous sulfate aqueous solution is applied.
本発明のアルカリ汚染防止剤は、過酸化水素水と該過酸化水素水に混合される硫酸第１鉄とからなる。硫酸第１鉄に含まれる２価の鉄イオンは、過酸化水素により酸化されると酸化鉄になる。従って、液状の過酸化水素水と、固体の硫酸第１鉄又はその水溶液とを別にしておき、使用時に、硫酸第１鉄を過酸化水素水に混合して用いることが好ましい。硫酸第１鉄を過酸化水素水に混合してから、木質材の処理に使用するまでの時間は、２４時間以内であることが好ましい。 The alkaline contamination inhibitor of the present invention comprises hydrogen peroxide solution and ferrous sulfate mixed with the hydrogen peroxide solution. Divalent iron ions contained in ferrous sulfate become iron oxide when oxidized by hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, it is preferable to separate liquid hydrogen peroxide solution from solid ferrous sulfate or an aqueous solution thereof and use ferrous sulfate mixed with hydrogen peroxide solution at the time of use. It is preferable that the time from mixing ferrous sulfate with hydrogen peroxide to using it for treating wood is within 24 hours.
過酸化水素水に硫酸第１鉄を混合する方法としては、各種公知の方法を特に制限なく用いることができ、例えば、過酸化水素水に硫酸第１鉄を添加し、手やスターラー、各種の攪拌機でかき混ぜたり、過酸化水素水を収容した容器に硫酸第１鉄を添加した後、蓋を閉めて振っても良い。また、過酸化水素水には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、他の成分が混合されていても良いし、過酸化水素水に、硫酸第１鉄と共に他の成分を混合しても良い。硫酸第１鉄以外に加える成分としては、防カビ剤、防腐剤、撥水剤等が挙げられる。また、硫酸第１鉄は、粉体等の固体として混合することができる他、硫酸第１鉄の水溶液を過酸化水素水に添加しても良い。 As a method of mixing ferrous sulfate with hydrogen peroxide solution, various known methods can be used without particular limitation. For example, ferrous sulfate is added to hydrogen peroxide solution, and hands, stirrers, After stirring with a stirrer or adding ferrous sulfate to a container containing hydrogen peroxide, the lid may be closed and shaken. In addition, other components may be mixed in the hydrogen peroxide solution as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, or other components together with ferrous sulfate may be mixed in the hydrogen peroxide solution. good. Examples of components added in addition to ferrous sulfate include fungicides, preservatives, and water repellents. Moreover, ferrous sulfate can be mixed as a solid such as powder, or an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate may be added to the hydrogen peroxide solution.
本発明で使用する木質材としては、合板、ＬＶＬ（単板積層材）、パーティクルボード、ＯＳＢ、繊維板（ＭＤＦ等）等が挙げられる。本発明は、フェノール樹脂系接着剤を含む木質材の場合、特にフェノール樹脂系接着剤を用いて製造した合板又はＬＶＬの場合に好ましく用いられる。フェノール樹脂系接着剤を含む木質材の場合、その木質材自体から、アルカリ汚染を生じさせるアルカリ性の成分がしみ出すので、アルカリ汚染を生じ易いからである。但し、水分によりコンクリートやモルタル等の塩基性材料から塩基性物質が染みだし、その塩基性材料に隣接ないし接触していた木質材にアルカリ汚染が生じる場合もある。そのため、フェノール樹脂系接着剤を含まない木質材であっても本発明を適用する利点がある。 Examples of the wood material used in the present invention include plywood, LVL (single plate laminated material), particle board, OSB, fiberboard (MDF, etc.) and the like. The present invention is preferably used in the case of a wood material containing a phenol resin adhesive, particularly in the case of plywood or LVL manufactured using a phenol resin adhesive. This is because, in the case of a wood material containing a phenol resin adhesive, an alkaline component that causes alkali contamination exudes from the wood material itself, so that alkali contamination is likely to occur. However, there are cases where basic substances such as concrete and mortar ooze out due to moisture and alkali contamination occurs on the wood material adjacent to or in contact with the basic material. Therefore, even if it is a wood material which does not contain a phenol resin adhesive, there exists an advantage which applies this invention.
木質材を、硫酸第１鉄を混合した過酸化水素水で処理することにより、水分に触れてもアルカリ汚染が生じにくいアルカリ汚染防止木質材が得られる。木質材の処理は、合板等の板状の木質材の片面のみに行っても良いし、両面に行っても良い。また、板状の木質材の片面の一部のみを処理することもできる。硫酸第１鉄を混合した過酸化水素水を塗布した後の木質材は、天然乾燥あるいは人工乾燥することが好ましい。処理後の木質材は、人が通常目にする用途に使用しても良いし、木造建築物の床や壁、天井の下地材、化粧板の基材等、最終的には人の目に触れなくなるような用途に使用しても良い。 By treating the wood material with hydrogen peroxide mixed with ferrous sulfate, an alkali contamination-preventing wood material that hardly causes alkali contamination even when exposed to moisture can be obtained. The treatment of the wood material may be performed only on one side of a plate-like wood material such as plywood or on both sides. Moreover, only a part of one side of the plate-like wood material can be processed. The wood material after the application of hydrogen peroxide mixed with ferrous sulfate is preferably dried naturally or artificially. The treated wood material may be used for applications that are usually seen by humans, and it is finally touched by human eyes, such as floors and walls of wooden buildings, base materials for ceilings, and base materials for decorative panels. You may use it for the purpose which disappears.
以下、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は、かかる実施例によって何ら限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by this Example.
〔実施例１〜５〕
濃度が異なる５種類の過酸化水素水１００ｇに、それぞれ、硫酸鉄（ＩＩ）七水塩６１ｍｇを添加し、攪拌して溶解させた。得られた液を、実施例１〜５の処理液とした。使用した過酸化水素水の過酸化水素の濃度は、１０質量％（実施例１）、８質量％（実施例２）、６質量％（実施例３）、４質量％（実施例４）、２質量％（実施例５）とした。
[Examples 1 to 5]
61 mg of iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate was added to 100 g of five types of hydrogen peroxide solutions having different concentrations, and dissolved by stirring. The obtained liquid was made into the processing liquid of Examples 1-5. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide used was 10% by mass (Example 1), 8% by mass (Example 2), 6% by mass (Example 3), 4% by mass (Example 4), The amount was 2% by mass (Example 5).
〔比較例１〜５〕
下記濃度の過酸化水素水１００ｇを、硫酸鉄（ＩＩ）七水塩等を添加することなく、そのまま、比較例１〜５の処理液とした。１０質量％（比較例１）、８質量％（比較例２）、６質量％（比較例３）、４質量％（比較例４）、２質量％（比較例５）とした。
[Comparative Examples 1-5]
100 g of hydrogen peroxide solution having the following concentration was used as treatment liquids of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 without adding iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate or the like. 10 mass% (Comparative Example 1), 8 mass% (Comparative Example 2), 6 mass% (Comparative Example 3), 4 mass% (Comparative Example 4), and 2 mass% (Comparative Example 5).
〔比較例６〕
過酸化水素を含まない水１００ｇをそのまま比較例６の処理液とした。
[Comparative Example 6]
100 g of water not containing hydrogen peroxide was used as the treatment liquid of Comparative Example 6 as it was.
実施例１〜５及び比較例１〜６の処理液を、それぞれ、縦横各５０ｍｍ、厚み１２ｍｍの合板からなる試験片の表裏面に塗布し、次いで温度２５℃の条件下に７２時間放置して乾燥させた。そして、処理後の合板を、トレーに入れ、試験片の上から水をかけて全体を濡らした後、試験片の下半分ほどを水に浸漬した状態で２日間放置した。２日間の放置後、各試験片を、温度２５℃の条件下に７２時間放置して乾燥させた。 The treatment liquids of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were respectively applied to the front and back surfaces of a test piece made of plywood having a length and width of 50 mm and a thickness of 12 mm, and then allowed to stand for 72 hours at a temperature of 25 ° C. Dried. Then, the treated plywood was placed in a tray, wetted with water from above the test piece, and then left for 2 days with the lower half of the test piece immersed in water. After standing for 2 days, each test piece was left to dry for 72 hours under the condition of a temperature of 25 ° C.
乾燥後の試験片を目視にて観察したところ、実施例１〜２の試験片には、しみ状の黒色ないし茶色の変色模様（アルカリ汚染）は生じておらず、実施例３〜５の試験片には、しみ状の黒色ないし茶色の変色模様（アルカリ汚染）が僅かに生じていた。これに対して、比較例１〜２の試験片には、しみ状の黒色ないし茶色の変色模様（アルカリ汚染）が生じており、比較例３〜６の試験片には、しみ状の黒色ないし茶色の変色模様（アルカリ汚染）が著しく生じていた。
図１に、実施例１の処理液で処理したときの試験片の表面の変化を示し、図２に、実施例１及び比較例６の処理液で処理したときの試験片の表面の変化を示した。
When the test piece after drying was visually observed, the test pieces of Examples 1 and 2 did not have a spot-like black or brown discoloration pattern (alkali contamination), and the tests of Examples 3 to 5 were performed. The strip had a slight black or brown discoloration pattern (alkali contamination). On the other hand, the test pieces of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have a spot-like black or brown discoloration pattern (alkali contamination), and the test pieces of Comparative Examples 3 to 6 have a spot-like black or black color. A brown discoloration pattern (alkali contamination) was remarkably generated.
FIG. 1 shows the change of the surface of the test piece when treated with the treatment liquid of Example 1, and FIG. 2 shows the change of the surface of the test piece when treated with the treatment liquid of Example 1 and Comparative Example 6. Indicated.
乾燥後に各試験片の色差を測定し、その結果を表１に示した。
〔色差の測定方法〕
色差の測定には、色彩色差計（ＣＲ−４００、ミノルタ(株)製）を使用し、まず処理液を塗布、乾燥後の色を測定し、次に２日間水に浸漬、乾燥後の色を測定した。色はＬ*ａ*ｂ*表色系により値を表わし、次式（１）により色差（ΔＥ）を算出した。
[Measurement method of color difference]
For the color difference measurement, a color difference meter (CR-400, manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd.) is used. First, the treatment liquid is applied, the color after drying is measured, and then the color after immersion in water and drying for 2 days. Was measured. The color represents a value by the L * a * b * color system, and the color difference (ΔE) was calculated by the following equation (1).
表１に示す結果から、過酸化水素水に硫酸第１鉄を添加することにより、色差が少なくなり、アルカリ汚染が効果的に防止されたことが判る。尚、硫酸第１鉄の混合によりアルカリ汚染の防止性が向上する理由は、水中に溶けだして来たタンニンなどの木材成分がアルカリ下で反応して黒色ないし茶色化するのを、硫酸第１鉄の混合による過酸化水素の反応性の向上によって、効果的に阻害しているためと推定される。 From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that by adding ferrous sulfate to the hydrogen peroxide solution, the color difference is reduced and alkali contamination is effectively prevented. In addition, the reason why the prevention of alkali contamination is improved by the mixing of ferrous sulfate is that the wood component such as tannin that has been dissolved in water reacts under alkali to become black or brown, and ferrous sulfate. It is presumed that the hydrogen peroxide is effectively inhibited by improving the reactivity of hydrogen peroxide by mixing.
Claims (4)
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| JP2008238383A JP5081112B2 (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2008-09-17 | How to prevent alkali contamination of wood |
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| JP2008238383A JP5081112B2 (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2008-09-17 | How to prevent alkali contamination of wood |
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| JP2010069680A JP2010069680A (en) | 2010-04-02 |
| JP5081112B2 true JP5081112B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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| JPS60176718A (en) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-09-10 | 松下電工株式会社 | Manufacture of colored wood |
| JPH1024404A (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-27 | Masahiro Eguchi | Apparatus for discoloration preventing treatment of thin plate such as paulownia material and treatment method therefor |
| JP2002502328A (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2002-01-22 | ステファン・ビー・オーガー | Mineral dyes for wood and other supports |
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