JP5072234B2 - Rack bar induction hardening equipment - Google Patents

Rack bar induction hardening equipment Download PDF

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JP5072234B2
JP5072234B2 JP2006043243A JP2006043243A JP5072234B2 JP 5072234 B2 JP5072234 B2 JP 5072234B2 JP 2006043243 A JP2006043243 A JP 2006043243A JP 2006043243 A JP2006043243 A JP 2006043243A JP 5072234 B2 JP5072234 B2 JP 5072234B2
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rack bar
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electrode
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frequency power
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JP2007224319A (en
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力 宮崎
英司 鈴木
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株式会社ミヤデン
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明は、ラックバーの歯面等を高周波電流を利用して焼き入れする際に使用して好適なラックバーの高周波焼入装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an induction hardening apparatus for a rack bar that is suitable for use when quenching a tooth surface of a rack bar using a high frequency current.

従来、この種の焼入装置としては、例えば特許文献１及び特許文献２に開示されている。特許文献１に開示の焼入装置は、電気的絶縁材を介して第１導体と第２導体を組み合わされてなる単位導体と、一対の接触電極及び一対の分岐導体等を備え、ラックバーの歯面を焼入れする場合には、歯面側に両接触電極を接触させて直接通電し、ラックバーの背面を焼入れする場合には、ラックバーの上下位置を逆に設定して背面側に両接触電極を接触させて直接通電するようにしたものである。   Conventionally, as this kind of hardening device, it is indicated by patent documents 1 and patent documents 2, for example. The quenching apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a unit conductor formed by combining a first conductor and a second conductor via an electrical insulating material, a pair of contact electrodes, a pair of branch conductors, and the like. When quenching the tooth surface, bring both contact electrodes into contact with the tooth surface side and energize directly, and when quenching the back of the rack bar, set the rack bar upside down and place both on the back side. The contact electrodes are brought into contact with each other and are directly energized.

また、特許文献２に開示の焼入装置は、ラックバーの歯面及び背面側に、主導体を有する一対の高周波誘導加熱コイルを対向配置し、両加熱コイルに対してラックバーを静止させた状態で高周波誘導加熱した後に、ラックバーを軸線を中心に回転させて高周波誘導加熱することにより、ラックバーの歯面と背面を焼入れするようにしたものである。
特開平１０−１８３２３４号公報 特開２００１−２３４２４５号公報 Further, in the quenching device disclosed in Patent Document 2, a pair of high-frequency induction heating coils having a main conductor are arranged opposite to each other on the tooth surface and back side of the rack bar, and the rack bar is stationary with respect to both heating coils. After high-frequency induction heating in the state, the rack bar is rotated around the axis to perform high-frequency induction heating, thereby quenching the tooth surface and the back surface of the rack bar.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-183234 JP 2001-234245 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に開示の焼入装置にあっては、一対の接触電極の接触により、歯面や背面を焼入れすることができるものの、両接触電極が所定位置に固定的に配置されているため、歯面の焼入れをした後にラックバーの上下位置を入れ替えて両接触電極を背面に接触させた後に該背面の焼入れを行うことになり、ラックバーの歯面と背面の焼入れを略同時に行うことが困難で、焼入れ作業の効率を充分に高めることが難しい。   However, in the quenching apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, although the tooth surface and the back surface can be quenched by contact of a pair of contact electrodes, both contact electrodes are fixedly arranged at predetermined positions. Therefore, after the tooth surface is hardened, the upper and lower positions of the rack bar are switched to bring both contact electrodes into contact with the back surface, and then the back surface is hardened, and the rack bar's tooth surface and the back surface are hardened substantially simultaneously. It is difficult to sufficiently increase the efficiency of the quenching operation.

また、特許文献２に開示の焼入装置は、対向配置される一対の高周波誘導加熱コイルによって、ラックバーの歯面と背面を焼入れすることができるものの、加熱方式が誘導加熱であって通電加熱ではなく、歯面や背面の所定部位のみを高精度に焼入れすることが困難で焼入れ品質の面で劣ると共に、ラックバーを回転させて高周波誘導加熱する必要があり、焼入れ作業の能率面でも劣り、かつラックバーの回転機構が必要となる等、焼入装置の構造が複雑化してコスト高にもなり易い。   Further, the quenching apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 can quench the tooth surface and the back surface of the rack bar by a pair of opposed high frequency induction heating coils, but the heating method is induction heating and current heating. Rather, it is difficult to quench only a predetermined part of the tooth surface and the back surface with high accuracy and it is inferior in quenching quality, and it is necessary to rotate the rack bar to perform high-frequency induction heating, so that the efficiency of quenching work is also inferior In addition, the structure of the quenching apparatus is complicated and the cost tends to be high, for example, a rack bar rotating mechanism is required.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、ラックバーの歯面と背面を高周波電流を利用して同時にかつ効率的に加熱して、高精度な焼入れ品質が得られるラックバーの高周波焼入装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to simultaneously and efficiently heat the tooth surface and back surface of the rack bar using a high-frequency current to obtain a highly accurate quenching quality. An object of the present invention is to provide an induction hardening apparatus for a rack bar.

かかる目的を達成すべく、本発明のうち請求項１に記載の発明は、ラックバーの歯面に接触する一対の接触電極からなる第１電極手段と、前記ラックバーの背面に接触する一対の接触電極からなる第２電極手段と、二次コイルが銅板もしくは銅パイプにより１ターンに形成された出力トランスと半導体スイッチング素子を使用したインバータ回路とを有して前記両電極手段に高周波電流を供給する高周波電源と、前記両電極手段を前記ラックバーの歯面及び背面に対して接離させる電極移動装置と、前記高周波電源及び電極移動装置を制御する制御手段と、を備え、前記第１電極手段と第２電極手段は、直列状態で前記高周波電源の出力トランスの二次コイルに接続され、前記制御手段の制御で電極移動手段が作動してその接触部が前記ラックバーの歯面及び背面に接触すると共に、前記高周波電源と前記両電極手段との間に銅板の長さや板厚により前記高周波電源から両電極手段に供給される高周波電流を調整する電流調整手段を設け、かつ前記出力トランスの二次コイルに安全コイルが並列接続されていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve such an object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a first electrode means comprising a pair of contact electrodes in contact with the tooth surfaces of the rack bar, and a pair of contacts in contact with the back surface of the rack bar. A second electrode means comprising a contact electrode, an output transformer having a secondary coil formed in one turn by a copper plate or a copper pipe, and an inverter circuit using a semiconductor switching element, and supplying a high frequency current to both the electrode means A high-frequency power source, an electrode moving device for bringing the both electrode means into and out of contact with a tooth surface and a back surface of the rack bar, and a control means for controlling the high-frequency power source and the electrode moving device. means and the second electrode means are connected in series with the secondary coil of the output transformer of the high-frequency power supply, the contact portion with the electrode moving unit operated under the control of said control means said rack Current adjusting means for adjusting the high-frequency current supplied from the high-frequency power source to both electrode means according to the length and thickness of the copper plate between the high-frequency power source and both electrode means, while contacting the tooth surface and the back surface of the bar. And a safety coil is connected in parallel to the secondary coil of the output transformer .

本発明の請求項１に記載の発明によれば、ラックバーの歯面に接触する一対の接触電極からなる第１電極手段と、ラックバーの背面に接触する一対の接触電極からなる第２電極手段及び高周波電源等を備え、第１電極手段と第２電極手段が直列状態で高周波電源に接続されているため、ラックバーの歯面と背面を通電加熱で同時に効率的に焼入れできると共に、高精度な焼入れ品質のラックバーを容易に得ることができる。また、電極手段と高周波電源との間に銅板の長さや板厚により形成された電流調整手段が設けられているため、第１電極手段と第２電極手段に供給される電流を調整してバランスでき、ラックバーの歯面と背面に一層高精度な焼入れ品質を得ることができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the first electrode means comprising a pair of contact electrodes in contact with the tooth surfaces of the rack bar and the second electrode comprising a pair of contact electrodes in contact with the back surface of the rack bar. Since the first electrode means and the second electrode means are connected to the high frequency power supply in series, the tooth surface and the back surface of the rack bar can be efficiently quenched simultaneously by energization heating, A rack bar with an accurate quenching quality can be easily obtained. In addition, since current adjusting means formed by the length and thickness of the copper plate is provided between the electrode means and the high frequency power source, the current supplied to the first electrode means and the second electrode means is adjusted and balanced. In addition, a more accurate quenching quality can be obtained on the tooth surface and back surface of the rack bar.

また、高周波電源の出力トランスの二次コイルと並列に安全コイルが接続されているため、一対の接触電極のラックバーへの接触不良による悪影響を防止することができる。また、高周波電源から両電極手段への高周波電流の供給状態を制御すると共に電極移動装置のラックバーに対する接離状態を制御する制御手段を備えるため、制御手段の制御で両電極手段への高周波電流の供給や電極手段のラックバーへの接離を制御できて、焼入れ作業の自動化が図れる等、焼入れ作業の効率を一層向上させることができる。In addition, since the safety coil is connected in parallel with the secondary coil of the output transformer of the high-frequency power supply, it is possible to prevent adverse effects due to poor contact of the pair of contact electrodes with the rack bar. In addition, since the control means for controlling the supply state of the high-frequency current from the high-frequency power source to both electrode means and the contact / separation state of the electrode moving device with respect to the rack bar is provided, the high-frequency current to both electrode means is controlled by the control means. The efficiency of the quenching operation can be further improved, for example, by controlling the supply of electrode and the contact and separation of the electrode means to and from the rack bar and automating the quenching operation.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１及び図２は、本発明に係わる高周波焼入装置の一実施形態を示し、図１がその概略構成図、図２がその回路図である。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show an embodiment of an induction hardening apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram thereof, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram thereof.

図１において、高周波焼入装置１（焼入装置１という）は、ラックバー２の歯面２ａの長手方向両端部に接触する一対の接触電極３ａ、３ｂ（第１電極手段）と、ラックバー２の背面２ｂの長手方向両端部に接触する一対の接触電極４ａ、４ｂ（第２電極手段）と、これら接触電極３ａ、３ｂと接触電極４ａ、４ｂに高周波電流を供給する高周波電源５と、この高周波電源５を制御する制御装置６と、前記接触電極３ａ、３ｂと接触電極４ａ、４ｂをラックバー２に対して移動（接離）させる電極移動装置７と、高周波電源５と例えば接触電極４ａ間に接続された電流調整器８（電流調整手段）等によって構成されている。   In FIG. 1, an induction hardening apparatus 1 (referred to as a hardening apparatus 1) includes a pair of contact electrodes 3a and 3b (first electrode means) that come into contact with both longitudinal ends of the tooth surface 2a of the rack bar 2, and a rack bar. A pair of contact electrodes 4a, 4b (second electrode means) that contact both longitudinal ends of the back surface 2b of 2 and a high frequency power source 5 that supplies a high frequency current to the contact electrodes 3a, 3b and the contact electrodes 4a, 4b, A control device 6 that controls the high-frequency power source 5, an electrode moving device 7 that moves (contacts and separates) the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b with respect to the rack bar 2, a high-frequency power source 5 and, for example, a contact electrode It is constituted by a current regulator 8 (current regulating means) connected between 4a.

前記接触電極３ａ、３ｂ及び接触電極４ａ、４ｂは、銅板等の導体により先端に接触部を有する如く形成され、合計４個の接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂが直列状態で接続されている。また、接触電極３ａ、３ｂと接触電極４ａ、４ｂはそれぞれ対となって、シリンダやモータ等の駆動源を有する前記電極移動装置７の作動により矢印イの如く移動可能に配設されると共に、接触電極３ａ、３ｂと接触電極４ａ、４ｂに対応して所定形態の冷却ジャケット（図示せず）が配置されている。   The contact electrodes 3a, 3b and the contact electrodes 4a, 4b are formed by a conductor such as a copper plate so as to have a contact portion at the tip, and a total of four contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b are connected in series. . In addition, the contact electrodes 3a, 3b and the contact electrodes 4a, 4b are arranged in pairs so as to be movable as indicated by an arrow A by the operation of the electrode moving device 7 having a driving source such as a cylinder or a motor, A cooling jacket (not shown) having a predetermined shape is arranged corresponding to the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b.

前記制御装置６は、図示しないマイコンやシーケンサ等により形成され、後述する高周波電源５の作動を制御すると共に、前記電極移動装置７の作動を制御して接触電極３ａ、３ｂや接触電極４ａ、４ｂを所定方向に移動させるようになっている。さらに、前記電流調整器８は、例えば銅板等からなる導体の長さや板厚により形成されて、接触電極３ａ、３ｂや接触電極４ａ、４ｂに供給される高周波電流を調整（バランス）してラックバー２に所定の焼入状態（すなわち通電状態）が得られるようになっている。 The control device 6 is formed by a microcomputer or sequencer (not shown) and controls the operation of a high-frequency power source 5 to be described later, and controls the operation of the electrode moving device 7 to control the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b. Is moved in a predetermined direction. Further, the current adjuster 8 is formed by the length and thickness of a conductor made of, for example, a copper plate, and adjusts (balances) the high-frequency current supplied to the contact electrodes 3a, 3b and the contact electrodes 4a, 4b to rack A predetermined quenching state (that is, an energized state) is obtained in the bar 2.

また、前記高周波電源５は、図２に示すように、トランジスタ式のインバータ回路１０を有し、このインバータ回路１０は、４つのアーム１０ａ〜１０ｄにそれぞれ接続された半導体スイッチング素子としての４個のＦＥＴ１１ａ〜１１ｄ等を有している。このインバータ回路１０の各アーム１０ａ〜１０ｄは、アーム１０ａとアーム１０ｂが直列接続され、アーム１０ｃとアーム１０ｄが直列接続されると共に、アーム１０ａとアーム１０ｃの接続点が直流電源の＋端子１２ａに接続され、アーム１０ｂとアーム１０ｄの接続点が直流電源の−端子１２ｂに接続されることにより、フルブリッジ回路を形成している。なお、前記端子１２ａ、１２ｂ間には、電解コンデンサ１３と、抵抗１４及びダイオード１５の直列回路等が接続されている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the high-frequency power source 5 has a transistor type inverter circuit 10. The inverter circuit 10 includes four pieces of semiconductor switching elements connected to four arms 10a to 10d, respectively. It has FET11a-11d etc. In each of the arms 10a to 10d of the inverter circuit 10, the arm 10a and the arm 10b are connected in series, the arm 10c and the arm 10d are connected in series, and the connection point between the arm 10a and the arm 10c is connected to the positive terminal 12a of the DC power supply. A full bridge circuit is formed by connecting the connection points of the arm 10b and the arm 10d to the negative terminal 12b of the DC power supply. Note that an electrolytic capacitor 13, a series circuit of a resistor 14 and a diode 15 and the like are connected between the terminals 12a and 12b.

そして、このインバータ回路１０のアーム１０ａとアーム１０ｂの接続点には、トランス１６の一次側コイルの一方側が接続され、アーム１０ｃとアーム１０ｄの接続点には、前記トランス１６の一次側コイルの他方側が接続されている。このトランス１６の二次側には、出力トランス１７（変流器）の一次コイル１７ａが接続され、出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂには前記接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂが例えば着脱可能に接続されている。また、インバータ回路１０のアーム１０ａとアーム１０ｃの接続点と、アーム１０ａのＦＥＴ１１ａのドレイン間及びアーム１０ｃのＦＥＴ１１ｃのドレイン間、アーム１０ｂとアーム１０ｄの接続点と、アーム１０ｂのＦＥＴ１１ｂのソース間及びアーム１０ｄのＦＥＴ１１ｄのソース間には、各アーム１０ａ〜１０ｄの電流をバランスさせる差動トランス１８がそれぞれ接続されている。   One end of the primary coil of the transformer 16 is connected to the connection point between the arm 10a and the arm 10b of the inverter circuit 10, and the other end of the primary coil of the transformer 16 is connected to the connection point between the arm 10c and the arm 10d. The side is connected. A primary coil 17a of an output transformer 17 (current transformer) is connected to the secondary side of the transformer 16, and the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b are detachable from the secondary coil 17b of the output transformer 17, for example. It is connected to the. Further, the connection point between the arm 10a and the arm 10c of the inverter circuit 10, the drain between the FET 11a of the arm 10a and the drain of the FET 11c of the arm 10c, the connection point between the arm 10b and the arm 10d, and the source of the FET 11b of the arm 10b; A differential transformer 18 that balances the currents of the arms 10a to 10d is connected between the sources of the FETs 11d of the arm 10d.

なお、インバータ回路１０のアーム１０ｂ、１０ｄには、検出トランス等からなる電流検出器１９がそれぞれ接続され、この電流検出器１９は、その出力側がＦＥＴ１１ａ〜１１ｄをオ・オフさせるための図示しない発振器や電源回路が接続された前記制御装置６に接続されている。また、前記出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂは、例えば略円筒形状の銅板もしくは銅パイプ等により１ターンに形成され、この二次コイル１７ｂには安全コイル２０が並列接続されている。この安全コイル２０は、そのインダクタンス等の電気的特性値が、接触電極３ａ、３ｂや接触電極４ａ、４ｂ間にワークであるラックバー２が接触した際の電気的特性値に対して、１／２〜１／１０程度の小さい値となるように設定されている。   The arms 10b and 10d of the inverter circuit 10 are respectively connected to a current detector 19 composed of a detection transformer or the like. The current detector 19 is an oscillator (not shown) whose output side turns the FETs 11a to 11d on and off. And the control device 6 to which a power supply circuit is connected. The secondary coil 17b of the output transformer 17 is formed in one turn by, for example, a substantially cylindrical copper plate or a copper pipe, and the safety coil 20 is connected in parallel to the secondary coil 17b. The safety coil 20 has an electrical characteristic value such as inductance that is 1/0 smaller than the electrical characteristic value when the rack bar 2 as a workpiece contacts between the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b. It is set to be a small value of about 2 to 1/10.

この焼入装置１は次のように動作する。すなわち、先ず、ラックバー２の歯面２ａの長さ等の形態に応じて、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ及び接触電極４ａ、４ｂ間の間隔寸法を所定値に設定すると共に、この間隔寸法に対応した長さの前記冷却ジャケットを所定位置に配置する。この状態で、制御装置６の図示しない操作盤の例えば加熱スイッチをオンさせると、前記高周波電源５が作動してインバータ回路１０のＦＥＴ１１ａ〜１１ｄがオン・オフして、トランス１６の一次側に発振器の周期数に応じた所定周波数の高周波電流が供給される。   This quenching apparatus 1 operates as follows. That is, first, the distance between the contact electrodes 3a, 3b and the contact electrodes 4a, 4b is set to a predetermined value according to the form such as the length of the tooth surface 2a of the rack bar 2. The cooling jacket having a length is arranged at a predetermined position. In this state, when, for example, a heating switch on an operation panel (not shown) of the control device 6 is turned on, the high frequency power supply 5 is activated and the FETs 11a to 11d of the inverter circuit 10 are turned on and off. A high frequency current having a predetermined frequency corresponding to the number of periods is supplied.

この高周波電流は、トランス１６の二次側に接続された出力トランス１７で大電流に変換されて、各接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂに供給される。この時、各接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂが直列状態とされていることから、図１の矢印ロの如く、高周波電流が接触電極３ａ→ラックバー２の歯面２ａ→接触電極３ｂ→接触電極４ｂ→ラックバー２の背面２ｂ→接触電極４ａに流れると共に、電流調整器８により各接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂに流れる電流値が調整（バランス）される。この高周波電流がラックバー２の歯面２ａや背面２ｂに流れることにより、そのジュール熱で自己発熱して歯面２ａや背面２ｂが所定温度まで同時に加熱される。   This high-frequency current is converted into a large current by the output transformer 17 connected to the secondary side of the transformer 16 and supplied to the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b. At this time, since the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b are in series, the high-frequency current is applied to the contact electrode 3a → the tooth surface 2a of the rack bar 2 → the contact electrode 3b → as shown by the arrow b in FIG. The current flows from the contact electrode 4b to the back surface 2b of the rack bar 2 to the contact electrode 4a, and the current value flowing through the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b is adjusted (balanced) by the current regulator 8. When this high-frequency current flows to the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b of the rack bar 2, the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b are simultaneously heated to a predetermined temperature by self-heating by the Joule heat.

そして、高周波電流が所定時間供給されて歯面２ａや背面２ｂが所定温度まで加熱されると、この加熱状態で制御装置６の制御信号で高周波電源５がオフされて高周波電流の供給が停止されると共に、制御装置６の制御信号により前記冷却ジャケットに冷却水が供給されて、その噴射孔から歯面２ａや背面２ｂに向けて冷却水が噴射される。この冷却水の噴射により、加熱された歯面２ａや背面２ｂが同時に急速冷却されて焼入され、この時、例えば冷却ジャケットの噴射孔を歯面２ａの山部に沿って複数個設けることにより、冷却水が歯面２ａの山部に効果的に噴射されて該山部が所定硬度で均一に焼入されることになる。   When the high frequency current is supplied for a predetermined time and the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b are heated to a predetermined temperature, the high frequency power supply 5 is turned off by the control signal of the control device 6 in this heating state, and the supply of the high frequency current is stopped. At the same time, the cooling water is supplied to the cooling jacket by the control signal of the control device 6, and the cooling water is jetted from the jet holes toward the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b. By this cooling water injection, the heated tooth surface 2a and back surface 2b are simultaneously rapidly cooled and quenched, and at this time, for example, by providing a plurality of injection holes of the cooling jacket along the crest of the tooth surface 2a. Then, the cooling water is effectively jetted onto the crest portion of the tooth surface 2a, and the crest portion is uniformly hardened with a predetermined hardness.

また、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ及び接触電極４ａ、４ｂを介してラックバー２への高周波電流の供給時に、高周波電源５の出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂに並列に安全コイル２０が接続されていることから、高周波電流が歯面２ａや背面２ｂを流れると同時に安全コイル２０にも分岐して常時流れる状態となる。これにより、例えば接触電極３ａ、３ｂ及び接触電極４ａ、４ｂの接触部が歯面２ａや背面２ｂに対して接触不良を起こした場合でも、出力トランス１７から供給される高周波電流が安全コイル２０を流れる状態となり、接触電極３ａ、３ｂや接触電極４ａ、４ｂの接触部と歯面２ａや背面２ｂ間のスパーク等による傷付け等が確実に防止されることになる。 In addition, the safety coil 20 is connected in parallel to the secondary coil 17b of the output transformer 17 of the high-frequency power source 5 when the high-frequency current is supplied to the rack bar 2 via the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b. For this reason, the high-frequency current flows through the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b, and at the same time branches to the safety coil 20 and always flows. Thereby, for example, even when the contact portions of the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b cause poor contact with the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b, the high-frequency current supplied from the output transformer 17 causes the safety coil 20 to It will be in the state which flows, and the damage | wound by the spark etc. between the contact part of contact electrode 3a, 3b or contact electrode 4a, 4b, and the tooth surface 2a or the back surface 2b will be prevented reliably.

また、安全コイル２０が出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂに常時接続されていることから、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ及び接触電極４ａ、４ｂと歯面２ａや背面２ｂ間に瞬間的に接触不良が生じても、インバータ回路１０の作動を一々停止させる必要がなくなり、接触不良が解消するまでの間、インバータ回路１０を作動状態にすることができると共に、安全コイル２０の最適な電気的特性値の設定により、正常時における加熱状態への悪影響を抑えることができて、効率的な焼入作業が可能となる。   Further, since the safety coil 20 is always connected to the secondary coil 17b of the output transformer 17, a contact failure occurs momentarily between the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b and the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b. However, it is not necessary to stop the operation of the inverter circuit 10 one by one, and the inverter circuit 10 can be in an operating state until the contact failure is resolved, and the optimum electrical characteristic value of the safety coil 20 is set. As a result, adverse effects on the heating state during normal operation can be suppressed, and efficient quenching work can be performed.

このように、上記実施形態の焼入装置１においては、ラックバー２の歯面２ａに接触する一対の接触電極３ａ、３ｂと、ラックバー２の背面２ｂに接触する接触電極４ａ、４ｂ及び高周波電源５を備え、接触電極３ａ、３ｂと接触電極４ａ、４ｂが直列状態で高周波電源５に接続されているため、ラックバー２の歯面２ａと背面２ｂの両面を通電加熱により同時に効率的に焼入れすることができると共に、通電加熱の利用で高精度な焼入れ品質のラックバー２を容易に得ることができる。特に、接触電極４ａと高周波電源５との間に電流調整器８が接続されているため、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ及び接触電極４ａ、４ｂに供給される電流を調整できて、歯面２ａと背面２ｂに一層高精度な焼入れ品質を得ることができる。   Thus, in the hardening apparatus 1 of the said embodiment, a pair of contact electrodes 3a and 3b which contact the tooth surface 2a of the rack bar 2, contact electrodes 4a and 4b which contact the back surface 2b of the rack bar 2, and a high frequency Since the power supply 5 is provided and the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b are connected to the high frequency power supply 5 in series, both the tooth surfaces 2a and the back surface 2b of the rack bar 2 can be efficiently and simultaneously heated. While being able to harden, the rack bar 2 with high accuracy of quenching quality can be easily obtained by using electric heating. In particular, since the current regulator 8 is connected between the contact electrode 4a and the high frequency power source 5, the current supplied to the contact electrodes 3a and 3b and the contact electrodes 4a and 4b can be adjusted, and the tooth surface 2a and the back surface can be adjusted. A more accurate quenching quality can be obtained in 2b.

また、高周波電源５から接触電極３ａ、３ｂや接触電極４ａ、４ｂへの高周波電流の供給状態あるいは接触電極３ａ、３ｂや接触電極４ａ、４ｂの歯面２ａや背面２ｂへの接離状態を制御する制御装置６を備えるため、制御装置６の制御で両接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂへの高周波電流の供給や歯面２ａや背面２ｂへの接離を制御できて、焼入れ作業の自動化が図れる等、焼入れ作業の効率を一層向上させることができる。   Further, the supply state of the high-frequency current from the high-frequency power source 5 to the contact electrodes 3a, 3b and the contact electrodes 4a, 4b or the contact / separation state of the contact electrodes 3a, 3b and the contact electrodes 4a, 4b to the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b are controlled. Since the control device 6 is provided, the control device 6 can control the supply of high-frequency current to both the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b and the contact / separation to the tooth surface 2a and the back surface 2b to automate the quenching operation. The efficiency of the quenching operation can be further improved.

さらに、高周波電源５がＦＥＴ１１ａ〜１１ｄを使用したインバータ回路１０を備えるため、高周波電源５の小型化や信頼性の向上を図ることができて、焼入装置１自体を安価でかつ小型に形成することができると共に、高周波電源５の出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂに並列に安全コイル２０が接続されていることから、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂの周囲に分岐導体等を設けることなく、安全コイル２０によって接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ａのラックバー２への接触不良による悪影響を確実に防止することができる。 Furthermore, since the high frequency power supply 5 includes the inverter circuit 10 using the FETs 11a to 11d, the high frequency power supply 5 can be reduced in size and reliability can be improved, and the quenching apparatus 1 itself can be formed at a low cost and in a small size. In addition , since the safety coil 20 is connected in parallel to the secondary coil 17b of the output transformer 17 of the high-frequency power source 5, it is possible to provide a branch conductor or the like around the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b. The safety coil 20 can reliably prevent adverse effects caused by poor contact of the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4a with the rack bar 2.

特に、安全コイル２０の電気的特性値が、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ａにラックバー２が接触した際の接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂ間の電気的特性値より所定値小さく設定されているため、正常状態におけるラックバー２の加熱状態への悪影響を防止しつつ、かつ接触不良発生時でもラックバー２への悪影響を最小限に抑えつつ、所定の電力でラックバー２の歯面２ａや背面２ｂを高精度に焼入れすることができる。   In particular, the electrical characteristic value of the safety coil 20 is set to be smaller than the electrical characteristic value between the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b when the rack bar 2 contacts the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4a. Therefore, the teeth of the rack bar 2 can be generated with a predetermined power while preventing the adverse effect on the heating state of the rack bar 2 in a normal state and minimizing the adverse effect on the rack bar 2 even when a contact failure occurs. The surface 2a and the back surface 2b can be quenched with high accuracy.

また、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ間に配置される冷却ジャケットの噴射孔を、ラックバー２の歯面２ａの山部に沿って複数設けるようにすれば、ラックバー２の歯面２ａの山部に沿って噴射される冷却水により、歯面２ａの山部を確実に急速冷却できて、歯面２ａの所定位置を高精度に焼入することができ、これらにより、例えばラックバー２の歯面２ａの焼入品質が向上する等、ラックバー２に一層高精度な焼入れ品質を安定して得ることが可能となる。   Further, if a plurality of injection holes for the cooling jacket disposed between the contact electrodes 3a and 3b are provided along the crests of the tooth surface 2a of the rack bar 2, the crests of the tooth surface 2a of the rack bar 2 are provided. The crest portion of the tooth surface 2a can be surely rapidly cooled by the cooling water sprayed along, and the predetermined position of the tooth surface 2a can be hardened with high accuracy. It becomes possible to stably obtain the quenching quality with higher accuracy in the rack bar 2 such that the quenching quality of 2a is improved.

また、安全コイル２０が出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂに並列的に接続されているため、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂの周囲に例えば分岐導体のように突出する部分がなくなって、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂをコンパクトに形成できて、例えば各種の焼入ライン構成に対応できる等、焼入装置１の設置の汎用性を向上させることが可能になると共に、接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂの接触不良によるインバータ回路１０の過度な停止を防止することができて、接触不良による高価なＦＥＴ１１ａ〜１１ｄの破損を確実に防止でき、破損によるメンテナンス作業の回数を減少させてそのコストの低減化を図ることができる。   Further, since the safety coil 20 is connected in parallel to the secondary coil 17b of the output transformer 17, there is no protruding portion such as a branch conductor around the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b, and the contact The electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b can be formed in a compact manner. For example, the electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b can be adapted to various quenching line configurations. It is possible to prevent the inverter circuit 10 from being stopped excessively due to contact failure of 3b, 4a, 4b, to reliably prevent damage to the expensive FETs 11a to 11d due to contact failure, and to reduce the number of maintenance work due to failure. The cost can be reduced.

またさらに、インバータ回路１０に作動トランス１８が設けられているため、インバータ回路１０の各アーム１０ａ〜１０ｄを流れる電流値を平均化することができると共に、アーム１０ｂ、１０ｄに電流検出器１９が設けられているため、この電流検出器１９で異常電流を検出してインバータ回路１０の作動を停止させることができる。これらのことから、異常電流に強く安全性や信頼性に優れると共に、使い勝手に優れたインバータ回路１０を有する焼入装置１を提供することが可能となる。   Furthermore, since the inverter circuit 10 is provided with the operating transformer 18, the current value flowing through each arm 10a to 10d of the inverter circuit 10 can be averaged, and the current detector 19 is provided to the arms 10b and 10d. Therefore, the current detector 19 can detect an abnormal current and stop the operation of the inverter circuit 10. From these things, it becomes possible to provide the hardening apparatus 1 which has the inverter circuit 10 excellent in usability while being strong in an abnormal current and excellent in safety and reliability.

なお、上記実施形態においては、安全コイル２０を出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂ側で出力トランス１７内に配置したが、本発明はこれに限定されず、例えば図２の二点鎖線で示すように、出力トランス１７の二次コイル１７ｂ側と接触電極３ａ、３ｂ、４ａ、４ｂとの間の適宜位置に配置することができる。また、上記各実施形態においては、インバータ回路１０の半導体スイッチング素子として、ＦＥＴ１１ａ〜１１ｄを使用したが、例えば一般的なトランジスタ、サイリスタ、ＩＧＢＴ等の各種の半導体スイッチング素子を使用することもできる。 In the above embodiment, the safety coil 20 is arranged in the output transformer 17 on the secondary coil 17b side of the output transformer 17. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. In addition, the output transformer 17 can be disposed at an appropriate position between the secondary coil 17b side and the contact electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b. In the above embodiments, the FETs 11a to 11d are used as the semiconductor switching elements of the inverter circuit 10. However, various semiconductor switching elements such as general transistors, thyristors, and IGBTs may be used.

さらに、上記各実施形態において、接触電極３ａ、３ｂの接触不良時に、警告灯で表示したりブザーを鳴らす等の警報を発するようにしても良いし、インバータ回路１０の出力側に出力トランス１７のみを設ける回路構成としたり、制御装置６を高周波電源５や電極移動装置７に組み込んだり、電流調整器８の接続位置や個数を適宜に変更する等、本発明に係わる各発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々変更することができる。   Further, in each of the above embodiments, when the contact electrodes 3a and 3b are in poor contact, an alarm such as displaying a warning light or sounding a buzzer may be issued, or only the output transformer 17 is provided on the output side of the inverter circuit 10. Without departing from the gist of each invention relating to the present invention, such as a circuit configuration in which the control device 6 is incorporated in the high-frequency power source 5 or the electrode moving device 7 or the connection position and number of the current regulators 8 are appropriately changed. Various changes can be made in the range.

本発明は、通電電極や高周波誘導加熱コイルを直接出力トランスの二次側に接続する構成に限らず、適宜のホルダーや適宜のトランスを介して接続する構成にも適用できる。   The present invention is not limited to the configuration in which the energizing electrode and the high-frequency induction heating coil are directly connected to the secondary side of the output transformer, but can also be applied to a configuration in which connection is made through an appropriate holder or an appropriate transformer.

本発明に係わるラックバーの高周波焼入装置の第１実施形態の概略構成図1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of an induction hardening apparatus for a rack bar according to the present invention. 同その回路図 The circuit diagram

１・・・高周波焼入装置、２・・・ラックバー、２ａ・・・歯面、２ｂ・・・背面、３ａ、３ｂ・・・接触電極（第１電極手段）、４ａ、４ｂ・・・（第２電極手段）、５・・・高周波電源、６・・・制御装置、７・・・電極移動装置、８、８ａ、８ｂ・・・電流調整器、１０・・・インバータ回路、１０ａ〜１０ｄ・・・アーム、１１ａ〜１１ｄ・・・ＦＥＴ、１６・・・トランス、１７・・・出力トランス、１７ａ・・・一次コイル、１７ｂ・・・二次コイル、１８・・・差動トランス、１９・・・電流検出器、２０・・・安全コイル。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Induction hardening apparatus, 2 ... Rack bar, 2a ... Tooth surface, 2b ... Back surface, 3a, 3b ... Contact electrode (1st electrode means), 4a, 4b ... (Second electrode means) 5 ... high frequency power supply 6 ... control device 7 ... electrode moving device 8, 8a, 8b ... current regulator, 10 ... inverter circuit, 10a- 10d ... arm, 11a-11d ... FET, 16 ... transformer, 17 ... output transformer, 17a ... primary coil, 17b ... secondary coil, 18 ... differential transformer, 19 ... current detector, 20 ... safety coil.

Claims (1)

ラックバーの歯面に接触する一対の接触電極からなる第１電極手段と、前記ラックバーの背面に接触する一対の接触電極からなる第２電極手段と、二次コイルが銅板もしくは銅パイプにより１ターンに形成された出力トランスと半導体スイッチング素子を使用したインバータ回路とを有して前記両電極手段に高周波電流を供給する高周波電源と、前記両電極手段を前記ラックバーの歯面及び背面に対して接離させる電極移動装置と、前記高周波電源及び電極移動装置を制御する制御手段と、を備え、
前記第１電極手段と第２電極手段は、直列状態で前記高周波電源の出力トランスの二次コイルに接続され、前記制御手段の制御で電極移動装置が作動してその接触部が前記ラックバーの歯面及び背面に接触すると共に、前記高周波電源と前記両電極手段との間に銅板の長さや板厚により前記高周波電源から両電極手段に供給される高周波電流を調整する電流調整手段を設け、かつ前記出力トランスの二次コイルに安全コイルが並列接続されていることを特徴とするラックバーの高周波焼入装置。
A first electrode means comprising a pair of contact electrodes in contact with the tooth surface of the rack bar; a second electrode means comprising a pair of contact electrodes in contact with the back surface of the rack bar; and the secondary coil comprising a copper plate or a copper pipe. A high-frequency power source having an output transformer formed in a turn and an inverter circuit using a semiconductor switching element and supplying a high-frequency current to both electrode means; and both the electrode means with respect to the tooth surface and the back surface of the rack bar An electrode moving device that contacts and separates, and a control means for controlling the high-frequency power source and the electrode moving device ,
The first electrode means and the second electrode means are connected in series to a secondary coil of an output transformer of the high-frequency power source , and an electrode moving device is operated under the control of the control means so that a contact portion thereof is connected to the rack bar. A current adjusting means for adjusting a high-frequency current supplied from the high-frequency power source to both electrode means according to the length and thickness of a copper plate is provided between the high-frequency power source and the both electrode means, in contact with the tooth surface and the back surface, A high-frequency hardening apparatus for a rack bar, wherein a safety coil is connected in parallel to a secondary coil of the output transformer .
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