JP5067703B1 - Sea buoyancy type wave absorber and sea wave attenuation system using the same - Google Patents

Sea buoyancy type wave absorber and sea wave attenuation system using the same Download PDF

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JP5067703B1
JP5067703B1 JP2011254258A JP2011254258A JP5067703B1 JP 5067703 B1 JP5067703 B1 JP 5067703B1 JP 2011254258 A JP2011254258 A JP 2011254258A JP 2011254258 A JP2011254258 A JP 2011254258A JP 5067703 B1 JP5067703 B1 JP 5067703B1
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隆章 渡島
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Abstract

【課題】地震の震動などの悪影響を受けることなく、海波に対して安定して効果的な消波を行う海上浮揚式消波装置、及び津波被害の軽減が可能な海波減衰システムを実現する。
【解決手段】海面に浮遊させる浮体の端部に傾斜して固定される主消波板２０を設ける。さらに主消波板の上方側へ向けて間隔が連続して狭くなるテーパ状空間４０が形成されるように、主消波板上部の消波面側に補助消波板３０を並設する。テーパ状空間内に流入した海水がノズル効果により次第に流速を増し、主消波板の上端から天上へ向けて噴出する。そして、その噴出する海水が補助消波板の上端を越える越波に衝突して海波の波エネルギーを減衰させる。また、海底に固定された固定杭に浮体を係留索で係留するようにして、地震の震動によって消波装置本体が損壊するなど地震の悪影響を受けにくくする。
【選択図】図１[PROBLEMS] To realize a sea buoyancy type wave extinguishing device that can stably and effectively extinguish a sea wave without being adversely affected by earthquake vibrations and a sea wave attenuation system that can reduce tsunami damage. To do.
A main wave-dissipating plate (20) that is fixed at an inclination to an end of a floating body that floats on the sea surface is provided. Furthermore, the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate 30 is arranged in parallel on the wave-dissipating surface side above the main wave-dissipating plate so that a tapered space 40 whose interval is continuously narrowed toward the upper side of the main wave-dissipating plate is formed. Seawater that flows into the tapered space gradually increases in flow velocity due to the nozzle effect, and is ejected from the upper end of the main wave-dissipating plate toward the top. And the seawater which spouts collides with the overtopping which exceeds the upper end of an auxiliary | assistant wave-dissipating plate, and attenuates the wave energy of a sea wave. In addition, the floating body is moored with a mooring line on a fixed pile fixed to the seabed, so that the wave-dissipating device main body is damaged due to the earthquake vibration and is not easily affected by the earthquake.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、海上浮揚式で設置されて、津波や高波等による波エネルギーを減衰させる海上浮揚式消波装置、及びこれを用いた海波減衰システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a sea buoyancy type wave-absorbing device that is installed in a sea-floating type and attenuates wave energy caused by a tsunami or a high wave, and a sea wave attenuation system using the same.

従来、陸上に設置される堤防（防潮堤・防波堤）は、海岸沿いまたは河川沿いの陸上に土盛りやコンクリートで壁を造ることによって、陸地への津波や高潮、洪水の侵入を防ぐように構成されている。
しかし、陸上に設置される堤防では、土盛りやコンクリート施工等の土木工法によるため、堤防の建設に膨大な土砂やコンクリートなどの資材を要し、また建設に関わる多くの人員や機材が必要である。さらに、堤防のほとんどが土砂を山型や台形に積み上げる工法であるため、高い堤防を造るためには基礎部分に広大な土地が必要であり、都市部などで土地の確保が困難な場所や地形などの条件により設置も制限される。このように現在一般的に採られている堤防施工技術よって十分な堤防機能を確保するには、膨大なコストと時間、立地条件などの問題がある。 Conventionally, embankments installed on land (seawalls / breakwaters) are constructed to prevent invasion of tsunamis, storm surges, and floods on land by building walls on the land along the coast or along the river with earthen or concrete. ing.
However, since the embankment installed on land is based on civil engineering methods such as embankment and concrete construction, a large amount of earth and sand and concrete materials are required for the construction of the embankment, and many people and equipment involved in the construction are required. . Furthermore, since most of the dyke is a method of stacking earth and sand in the form of a mountain or trapezoid, a vast land is necessary for the foundation part to build a high levee, and it is difficult to secure land in urban areas, etc. Installation is also restricted by such conditions. As described above, there are problems such as enormous cost, time, location conditions, etc., in order to secure a sufficient levee function by the levee construction technique currently generally adopted.

そこで、津波や高波等による被害を低減させるために、比較的浅瀬の海底に直接固定して設置される消波装置が種々提案されている（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２など）。
特許文献１に記載される消波装置は、沿岸部の浅瀬の海底に捨石マウンドを構築してフラットにした後、その海底にコンクリートから成る堤体を定着させるとともに十分な消波効果が得られるだけ海面より露出させたものである。特許文献２に記載される消波装置は、断面Ｃ字形状の消波体を波の進行方向に傾斜させて沿岸部の比較的浅瀬の海底に固定杭で直接固定し、海面付近に設置されるものである。 In order to reduce damage caused by tsunamis, high waves, etc., various wave-dissipating devices that are fixed and installed directly on the seabed of relatively shallow water have been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, etc.).
The wave-dissipating device described in Patent Literature 1 is constructed by flattening a rubble mound on the seabed of shallow water in the coastal area, and then fixing a concrete dam body on the seabed and obtaining a sufficient wave-dissipating effect. It is only exposed from the sea surface. The wave-dissipating device described in Patent Document 2 is installed near the sea surface by inclining a wave-dissipating body having a C-shaped section in the traveling direction of the wave and fixing it directly to a relatively shallow seabed in a coastal area with a fixed pile. Is.

特開平０６−２１２６１１号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-212611 特開２０１１−１１１７３４号公報JP 2011-111734 A

しかしながら、上記従来の消波装置は浅瀬の海底に直接固定されており、また堤防は地上に設置されているため、地震の震動による影響を大きく受け易いという構造的な問題を抱えている。すなわち、堤体をコンクリートで固めたり、消波体を固定杭で海底に直接固定したりする構造であるため、地震の震動による局部的なネジレや加重、張力等の衝撃に弱く、外部から一定以上の力を受けた場合に、堤体や消波体が損壊する危険性がある。   However, the conventional wave-dissipating device is directly fixed to the shallow seabed, and the embankment is installed on the ground, so that it has a structural problem that it is easily affected by earthquake vibration. In other words, it is a structure in which the dam body is solidified with concrete and the wave-dissipating body is fixed directly to the seabed with a fixed pile, so it is vulnerable to local twisting, loading, tension, and other impacts caused by earthquakes, and is constant from the outside. There is a risk of damage to the dam body and wave-dissipating body when subjected to the above forces.

また、従来の消波装置は沿岸部の浅瀬に設置されており、また堤防は海岸沿いの陸地に設置されているため、津波などの海波の影響を大きく受け易いという問題がある。この点について、津波の特性と津波被害の現状から説明する。
沖合いの海底で発生した地震は周辺の海水を大きく振動させ、その海水の振幅運動によって大量の海水の移動が起き、海面では大きな波のうねりが生じて津波となり、陸地や沖合いへと進んでいく。何の障害物も無い海面を津波が進行する状況下では、津波の威力（波エネルギー）は波の高さを含めそれほど強力ではない。なお、東日本大震災（平成２３年３月１１日発生）の津波でも、海上進行時の津波の高さは最高６．８ｍほどと記録されている。 In addition, since conventional wave-dissipating devices are installed in shallow waters along the coast, and dykes are installed on land along the coast, there is a problem that they are easily affected by sea waves such as tsunamis. This will be explained from the characteristics of the tsunami and the current state of tsunami damage.
The earthquake that occurred on the offshore seabed greatly vibrated the surrounding seawater, and a large amount of seawater moved due to the amplitude motion of the seawater, and a big wave swelled on the sea surface, which became a tsunami, and proceeded to the land and offshore . In a situation where a tsunami travels on an unobstructed sea surface, the power (wave energy) of the tsunami is not so strong, including the height of the waves. Even in the case of the tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake (occurred on March 11, 2011), the height of the tsunami when traveling at sea was recorded at a maximum of about 6.8 m.

しかし、この津波が陸地に近づくにつれて水深が浅くなることで、海中を進行してきた大量の海水が海上にせり出し、波高が増してくる。加えて、海岸沿いで人々が生活や経済活動を営む地域は、湾や入り江の周辺の陸地であり、外洋からの入り口が広く先に進むほど狭くなる逆三角形の地形が多い。このような地形に進入した津波は、進行する幅が次第に狭くなるため、行き場を失った海水の塊が海上にせり上がり（東日本大震災では２０メートルを超えるほど高まった）、同時に津波のエネルギーが狭い場所に集まってくるために津波の威力が強大となる。   However, as the tsunami approaches the land, the depth of the water becomes shallower, and a large amount of seawater that has traveled in the sea is projected onto the sea, increasing the wave height. In addition, areas where people live and live along the coast are land around bays and bays, and there are many inverted triangular terrain that become narrower as the entrance from the open ocean widens further. The tsunami that has entered such terrain gradually narrows the width of the tsunami, so the mass of seawater that has lost its destination has risen to the sea (having increased by more than 20 meters in the Great East Japan Earthquake), and at the same time the energy of the tsunami is narrow The power of the tsunami becomes powerful because it gathers at the place.

沿岸部の浅瀬に設置する消波装置や海岸沿いに設置する堤防では、波の高さと勢力が最も大きくなった状態で津波に対処することになるため、防潮・防波施設としての消波機能や堤防機能を十分発揮することが困難であった。その結果、陸地への津波の侵入を遅らせて、被害を軽減させることは容易ではなかった。つまり、上記のように勢力の増した津波に対抗できる高さと強度を確保した大規模な堤防や消波装置を築くには、技術的、コスト、配備までの期間など多くの課題がある。   Wave extinguishing devices installed in coastal shallows and dykes installed along the coast deal with tsunamis with the highest wave height and power, so wave-extinguishing functions as a tide-breaking facility It was difficult to fully demonstrate the function of the bank and the dike. As a result, it was not easy to reduce damage by delaying the tsunami invading land. In other words, there are many problems such as technical, cost, time to deployment, etc. to build a large-scale levee and wave-dissipating device that can secure the height and strength that can counter the tsunami that has increased its power as described above.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、地震の震動などの悪影響を受けることなく、海波に対して安定して効果的な消波を行うことができる海上浮揚式消波装置を提供することにある。また、津波などの海波にも十分な消波作用を発揮できるようにして、津波などによる人的且つ物的被害の軽減が可能な海波減衰システムを提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to enable stable and effective wave extinction against sea waves without being adversely affected by earthquake vibration or the like. The object of the present invention is to provide a levitating wave absorber. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sea wave attenuation system capable of exhibiting a sufficient wave-dissipating action against a sea wave such as a tsunami and capable of reducing human and physical damage caused by the tsunami.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の海上浮揚式消波装置（１００）は、海面に浮遊させる浮体（１０）と、一面に海波を消波する消波面（２３）を有し、上部が前記浮体の上方に突出すると共に下部が前記浮体の下方に垂下し、全体として前記浮体の中央部側に傾斜して前記浮体の端部に固定された主消波板（２０）と、前記主消波板の上方側へ向けて該主消波板との間隔が連続して狭くなるテーパ状空間が形成されるように、前記主消波板上部の消波面側に並設された補助消波板（３０）とを備え、前記テーパ状空間は、前記主消波板上部の上端と前記補助消波板の上端の間に形成される上部開口（４１）と、前記主消波板上部の下端と前記補助消波板の下端の間に形成される下部開口（４２）を連通する海水流路とし、海底に固定された固定杭（６０）に前記浮体を係留索（６１）で繋いで係留し、前記消波面が海波の進行に対向するように配置することを特徴とする   In order to achieve the above-described object, a sea-floating wave-dissipating device (100) according to the present invention has a floating body (10) that floats on the sea surface, and a wave-dissipating surface (23) that silences sea waves on one side, A main wave-dissipating plate (20) that protrudes above the floating body and has a lower part depending below the floating body, and is inclined to the center of the floating body as a whole and fixed to the end of the floating body, An auxiliary provided in parallel on the wave-dissipating surface side of the upper part of the main wave-dissipating plate so as to form a tapered space in which the distance from the main wave-dissipating plate is continuously narrowed toward the upper side of the main wave-dissipating plate. A wave-dissipating plate (30), wherein the tapered space has an upper opening (41) formed between the upper end of the upper portion of the main wave-dissipating plate and the upper end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate, and the main wave-dissipating plate The lower opening (42) formed between the lower end of the upper part and the lower end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate is used as a seawater flow path, and is fixed to the seabed. The floating body anchored connects with mooring lines (61) to a fixed pile (60), wherein the anti wavefront, characterized in that arranged opposite to the progress of the marine wave

この発明の海上浮揚式消波装置によれば、主消波板と補助消波板自体の傾斜面の砕波によって消波が行われるだけでなく、テーパ状空間から成る海水流路によっても消波する。すなわち、下部開口からテーパ状空間の海水流路内に流入した海水は、ノズル効果により次第に流速を増して上部開口側へ流れ、上部開口から天上へ向けて噴出する。そして、海水流路の上部開口から噴出する海水が補助消波板の上端を越える越波に衝突して海波の波エネルギーを大きく減衰させる。噴出する海水の噴出力は、押し寄せてきた海波の波エネルギーに応じて増幅する。このように、押し寄せてきた海波の持つエネルギーを利用して、海波同士を衝突させて、波エネルギーを大幅に減衰させることができる。さらに、海面に浮遊する浮体を海底に固定された固定杭に係留索で係留する方式を採るので、地震の震動によって消波装置本体が損壊するなど地震の悪影響を受けにくい。   According to the sea buoyancy-type wave breaker of the present invention, wave breakage is not only performed by breaking waves on the inclined surfaces of the main wave breaker plate and the auxiliary wave breaker plate itself, but also by a seawater flow path comprising a tapered space. To do. That is, seawater that has flowed into the seawater flow path in the tapered space from the lower opening gradually increases in flow velocity due to the nozzle effect, flows to the upper opening side, and is ejected from the upper opening toward the top. And the seawater which spouts from the upper opening of a seawater channel collides with the overtopping which exceeds the upper end of an auxiliary | assistant wave-dissipating board, and attenuate | damps the wave energy of a seawave greatly. The jetting power of the seawater that spouts is amplified according to the wave energy of the sea waves that have come. In this way, by using the energy of the sea waves that have been pushed in, the sea waves can collide with each other and the wave energy can be significantly attenuated. Furthermore, since a floating body floating on the sea surface is moored with a mooring line on a fixed pile fixed to the seabed, the wave-dissipating device itself is not easily affected by the earthquake, and the earthquake is not easily affected.

また、本発明の海上浮揚式消波装置（１００）では、前記主消波板の傾斜角度は、前記海水流路の上部開口から噴出する海水が前記補助消波板の上端を越える越波に衝突して波エネルギーを減衰させる消波の能力が最大となるような角度に設定したことを特徴とする。
この発明の海上浮揚式消波装置によれば、消波の能力が最大となるので、効果的に海波の消波がなされる。 Moreover, in the sea buoyant wave dissipating device (100) of the present invention, the inclination angle of the main wave-dissipating plate is such that the seawater ejected from the upper opening of the seawater channel collides with the overtopping exceeding the upper end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate. Thus, the angle is set so that the wave-extinguishing ability to attenuate the wave energy is maximized.
According to the sea buoyancy type wave-absorbing device of the present invention, since the wave-absorbing capability is maximized, the sea wave can be effectively wave-dissipated.

また、本発明の海波減衰システムは、（Ａ）上記記載の海上浮揚式消波装置（本明細書において「第１の海上浮揚式消波装置」ということがある。）（１００）と、（Ｂ）海面に浮遊させる浮体（１０）と、一面に海波を消波する消波面（２３）とその上部に前記消波面と略垂直かつ水平方向に設けられた波返し部材（２０２）を有し、上部が前記浮体の上方に突出すると共に下部が前記浮体の下方に垂下し、全体として前記浮体の中央部側に前記浮体の端部に固定される消波板（２０１）を備え、海底に固定された固定杭（６０）に前記浮体を係留索（６１）で繋いで係留し、前記消波面が海波の進行に対向するように配置する第２の海上浮揚式消波装置（２００）とを有し、前記第１の海上浮揚式消波装置（１００）を海波の進行に対向するように複数台横並び配列して成り、外洋に面した海域に浮揚式で設置されて海波の消波を行う第１の消波装置列（１１０）と、海波の進行方向に対して前記第１の消波装置列よりも後方に前記第２の海上浮揚式消波装置を複数台横並び配列して成り、前記第１の消波装置列により消波されなかった海波の消波を行う第２の消波装置列（２１０）とを備えたことを特徴とする。
この発明の海波減衰システムによれば、第１の消波装置列を外洋に面した海域に浮揚式で設置し、さらにその後方に第２の消波装置列を設置するので、津波などの海波が陸地に近づき高さや威力を増す前に波エネルギーを減衰させることができ、陸地への被害を大きく軽減できる。 In addition, the sea wave attenuation system of the present invention includes: (A) the above-described sea buoyant wave breaker (sometimes referred to as “first sea levitation wave breaker” in this specification) (100); (B) A floating body (10) that floats on the sea surface, a wave-dissipating surface (23) that extinguishes sea waves on one surface, and a wave-returning member (202) that is provided above and substantially perpendicular to the wave-dissipating surface. A wave-dissipating plate (201) fixed to the end of the floating body on the center side of the floating body as a whole, with the upper portion protruding above the floating body and the lower portion depending below the floating body; A second sea-floating type wave-dissipating device (the second floating type wave-dissipating device (60), which is anchored to the fixed pile (60) fixed to the sea floor) 200), and the first sea-floating type wave-absorbing device (100) is opposed to the progress of sea waves A first wave-dissipating device row (110) that is arranged in a horizontal manner and is floated in the sea area facing the open ocean to wave-extinguish sea waves, and the traveling direction of the sea waves A plurality of the second ocean levitation-type wave-dissipating devices are arranged side by side behind the first wave-dissipating device line, and the sea wave is not wave-dissipated by the first wave-dissipating device line. And a second wave-dissipating device row (210) for performing the above.
According to the sea wave attenuation system of the present invention, the first wave-dissipating device row is installed in a floating manner in the sea area facing the open ocean, and the second wave-dissipating device row is further installed behind the first wave-dissipating device row. Wave energy can be attenuated before sea waves approach the land and increase in height and power, greatly reducing damage to the land .

さらに、本発明の海上浮揚式消波装置では、前記係留索を巻き取る巻き取り機（１１）が前記浮体に具備され、前記係留索は海波の進行方向に対して前記浮体の前端部と後端部それぞれに複数本配され、且つ前記係留索の本数に応じた数の前記固定杭と前記巻き取り機とが設けられ、前記各係留索の一端をそれぞれ各巻き取り機に連結し、その他端をそれぞれ前記各固定杭に固定する構成とし、さらに前記各巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御する制御手段（１２）を設け、前記制御手段は、前記各巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御することにより、前記浮体の水平方向と垂直方向の位置とを制御することを特徴とする。
Furthermore, at sea buoyant consumption NamiSo location of the present invention, a winder for winding the mooring lines (11) is provided on the floating body, the front end of the floating body the mooring lines to the traveling direction of the marine wave A plurality of the fixed piles and the winder are provided in each of the part and the rear end part, and the number of the fixed piles and the winder according to the number of the mooring lines are provided, and one end of each mooring line is connected to each winder. The other ends are fixed to the fixed piles, respectively, and further, control means (12) for controlling the mooring rope winding operation of the winders is provided, and the control means is provided for each winder. By controlling the mooring line winding operation, the horizontal and vertical positions of the floating body are controlled.

この発明の海上浮揚式消波装置によれば、制御手段により浮体の水平方向と垂直方向の位置を制御するので、巻き取り機により係留索の巻き取り状態を調節することにより、浮体の前後、左右、上下の移動を規制して浮体を海上の定位置に浮遊させることができる。   According to the sea buoyancy type wave-absorbing device of the present invention, the horizontal and vertical positions of the floating body are controlled by the control means, so by adjusting the winding state of the mooring line by the winder, before and after the floating body, The floating body can be suspended at a fixed position on the sea by restricting left and right and up and down movement.

また、本発明の海上浮揚式消波装置では、前記制御手段は、前記巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御することにより、前記浮体の水平姿勢保持制御を行うことを特徴とする。
この発明の海上浮揚式消波装置によれば、制御手段により常時、消波装置本体の水平姿勢保持制御を行うことができるので、消波装置本体は、常に安定した姿勢で効果的に消波を行える。 Moreover, in the sea buoyancy type wave breaker according to the present invention, the control means controls the horizontal posture of the floating body by controlling a mooring line winding operation of the winder.
According to the sea buoyancy type wave-absorbing device of the present invention, since the horizontal posture maintenance control of the wave-dissipating device main body can be performed at all times by the control means, the wave-dissipating device main body is always effectively dissipated in a stable posture. Can be done.

また、本発明の海波減衰システムは、上記の海上浮揚式消波装置（１００）を海波の進行方向に対して対向するように複数台横並び配列して成り、外洋に面した海域に浮揚式で設置されて海波の消波を行う第１の消波装置列（１１０）と、海波の進行方向に対して前記第１の消波装置列よりも後方に上記いずれかの海上浮揚式消波装置（２００）を複数台横並び配列して成り、前記第１の消波装置列により消波されなかった海波の消波を行う第２の消波装置列（２１０）とを備えたことを特徴とする。
この発明の海波減衰システムによれば、第１の消波装置列を外洋に面した海域に浮揚式で設置し、さらにその後方に第２の消波装置列を設置するので、津波などの海波が陸地に近づき高さや威力を増す前に波エネルギーを減衰させることができ、陸地への被害を大きく軽減できる。 The sea wave attenuating system according to the present invention is formed by arranging a plurality of the above-described sea-floating wave-absorbing devices (100) side by side so as to face the traveling direction of the sea waves, and levitating in the sea area facing the open ocean. A first wave-dissipating device row (110) that is installed in a formula and performs sea wave extinction, and any one of the above described levitation posterior to the first wave-dissipating device row in the traveling direction of the sea wave A plurality of wave-type wave-dissipating devices (200) arranged side by side, and a second wave-dissipating device row (210) for wave-dissipating sea waves not wave-dissipated by the first wave-dissipating device row. It is characterized by that.
According to the sea wave attenuation system of the present invention, the first wave-dissipating device row is installed in a floating manner in the sea area facing the open ocean, and the second wave-dissipating device row is further installed behind the first wave-dissipating device row. Wave energy can be attenuated before sea waves approach the land and increase in height and power, greatly reducing damage to the land.

本発明の海上浮揚式消波装置によれば、地震の震動などの悪影響を受けることなく、海波に対して安定して効果的な消波を行うことが可能になる。   According to the sea buoyancy type wave silencer of the present invention, it is possible to perform stable and effective wave quenching against sea waves without being adversely affected by earthquake vibrations.

また、本発明の海波減衰システムは、海波が高さや威力を増す前に波エネルギーを減衰させることができるので、津波などの海波にも十分な消波作用を発揮することが可能になる。これにより、津波などの海波よる人的且つ物的被害の軽減が可能になる。   In addition, since the sea wave attenuation system of the present invention can attenuate wave energy before the sea waves increase in height and power, it is possible to exert a sufficient quenching effect on sea waves such as tsunamis. Become. This makes it possible to reduce human and property damage caused by sea waves such as tsunami.

本発明に係る第１の実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置の外観斜視図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is an external appearance perspective view of the sea buoyancy type wave-absorbing device of the first embodiment according to the present invention. 本発明に係る第１及び第２の実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置を用いる海波減衰システムの構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the sea wave attenuation | damping system using the sea buoyancy type wave-absorbing apparatus of the 1st and 2nd embodiment which concerns on this invention. 図２の海波減衰システムの配置例を示す鳥瞰図である。It is a bird's-eye view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the sea wave attenuation system of FIG.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、本実施形態に係る海上浮揚式消波装置（本明細書及び特許請求の範囲において、単に「消波装置」ということがある。）の外観斜視図である。また、図２は、本実施形態に係る海波減衰システムの構成を示す断面図である。
本実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置は、図１に示すように、海面１に浮遊させる浮体１０と、浮体１０の端部に固定された主消波板２０と、主消波板２０を構成し、海上に浮かべたとき空側（上方）に位置する主消波板上部２１の消波面２３側に並設された補助消波板３０とを備えている。浮体１０は、例えば長方体でフロート式の大型台船で構成され、そのサイズは、設置海域において想定される津波等の海波の規模を参照して設定される。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a sea-floating type wave breaker according to the present embodiment (sometimes simply referred to as “wave breaker” in the present specification and claims). Moreover, FIG. 2 is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the sea wave attenuation system which concerns on this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the sea-floating type wave-absorbing device according to the present embodiment includes a floating body 10 that floats on the sea surface 1, a main wave-dissipating plate 20 that is fixed to an end of the floating body 10, and a main wave-dissipating plate 20. The auxiliary wave-dissipating plate 30 is arranged and arranged side by side on the wave-dissipating surface 23 side of the main wave-dissipating plate upper part 21 located on the sky side (upward) when floating on the sea. The floating body 10 is composed of, for example, a rectangular and float type large trolley, and the size thereof is set with reference to the scale of a sea wave such as a tsunami assumed in the installation sea area.

浮体１０のフロート構造は多様な手法が可能である。例えば、船舶のような船形、メガフロートと呼ばれる巨大な長方体など多様な構造が可能であり、また材質も鋼鉄製やＦＲＰ（繊維入り強化プラスチック）などが可能である。また、本実施形態の消波装置は、津波などの海波だけでなく、嵐や高潮などの気象の変異にも耐え、また船舶の衝突などにも沈降する恐れがないように構成される。例えば、浮体１０が船舶式やメガフロート方式の重量物の場合には、中空をいくつも仕切って破損などで海水が浸入しても機能の大幅な低下が生じることがなく損害が軽微で済む構造になっている。また、海水より軽く衝撃に強いポリプロピレンなどの化学素材をフロート全体に使用し艇内に空洞が無い一つの塊とすることにより、津波や嵐などへ安定した性能を発揮しながら優れたメインテナンス性を常時保つことも可能である。   Various methods can be used for the float structure of the floating body 10. For example, various structures such as a ship shape like a ship and a huge rectangular body called a mega float are possible, and the material can be made of steel, FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), or the like. Further, the wave-absorbing device of the present embodiment is configured not only to withstand sea waves such as tsunami but also to weather variations such as storms and storm surges, and so as not to sink due to ship collision. For example, in the case where the floating body 10 is a ship-type or mega-float heavy object, a structure in which a number of hollows are partitioned and seawater enters due to breakage or the like does not cause a significant decrease in function, and the damage can be minimized. It has become. In addition, using a chemical material such as polypropylene, which is lighter and stronger than seawater, for the entire float and making it a single lump without a cavity in the boat, it has excellent maintenance while exhibiting stable performance against tsunamis and storms. It is also possible to keep it constantly.

主消波板２０は、例えば軽量で衝撃に強いＦＲＰや炭素繊維製で構成され、上部２１が浮体１０の上方に突出すると共に下部２２が浮体１０の下方に向けて海中に垂下し、全体として浮体１０の中央部側に傾斜して浮体１０の端部に支持部材２４で固定されている。（本明細書及び特許請求の範囲において、主消波板２０が固定された浮体１０の端部を「前端部」といい、その反対側の端部を「後端部」ということがある。）補助消波板３０は、例えばＦＲＰや炭素繊維製で構成され、主消波板２０の上方側へ向けて主消波板２０との間隔が連続して狭くなるテーパ状空間４０（図２参照）が形成されるように、主消波板上部２１の消波面２３側に並設されている。補助消波板３０の下端の位置は、通常、例えば海面１から１メートル程上方となる。   The main wave-dissipating plate 20 is made of, for example, a lightweight and shock-resistant FRP or carbon fiber. The upper part 21 protrudes above the floating body 10 and the lower part 22 hangs down in the sea toward the lower part of the floating body 10. Inclined toward the center of the floating body 10 and fixed to the end of the floating body 10 by a support member 24. (In the present specification and claims, the end of the floating body 10 to which the main wave-dissipating plate 20 is fixed may be referred to as “front end”, and the opposite end may be referred to as “rear end”. The auxiliary wave-dissipating plate 30 is made of, for example, FRP or carbon fiber, and has a tapered space 40 in which the distance from the main wave-dissipating plate 20 is continuously narrowed toward the upper side of the main wave-dissipating plate 20 (FIG. 2). Are formed on the side of the wave-dissipating surface 23 of the main wave-dissipating plate upper part 21 so as to be formed. The position of the lower end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate 30 is usually, for example, about 1 meter above the sea level.

テーパ状空間４０は、主消波板上部２１の上端と補助消波板３０の上端との間に形成される上部開口４１と、主消波板上部２１の下端と補助消波板３０の下端との間に形成される下部開口４２とを連通する海水流路となっている。この海水流路は、側壁板３１、３２と仕切り板３３とにより複数の流路室として形成されている。
また、浮体１０の胴体下部には、津波や潮流により消波装置本体が後退するのを防止するために後退防止用のフィン（羽）５０が複数枚取り付けられている。 The tapered space 40 includes an upper opening 41 formed between the upper end of the main wave-dissipating plate upper part 21 and the upper end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate 30, the lower end of the main wave-dissipating plate upper part 21, and the lower end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate 30. It is a seawater flow path communicating with the lower opening 42 formed between the two. The seawater channel is formed as a plurality of channel chambers by the side wall plates 31 and 32 and the partition plate 33.
A plurality of fins (wings) 50 for retreating are attached to the lower part of the body of the floating body 10 in order to prevent the wave-absorbing device body from retreating due to a tsunami or tidal current.

そして、本実施形態の消波装置本体は、海底に固定された固定杭６０に浮体１０を、鎖や炭素繊維などのロープから成る係留索６１で繋いで係留し、主消波板２０の消波面２３が海波の進行方向に対して対向するように配置されている。係留索６１は、海波の進行方向に対して浮体１０の前端部と後端部それぞれに複数本配され、係留索６１の本数に応じた数の固定杭６０が海底に打ち込まれている。   And the wave-dissipating device main body of this embodiment is moored by connecting the floating body 10 to a fixed pile 60 fixed to the seabed with a mooring line 61 made of a rope such as a chain or carbon fiber. It arrange | positions so that the wave surface 23 may oppose with respect to the advancing direction of a sea wave. A plurality of mooring lines 61 are arranged at each of the front end portion and the rear end portion of the floating body 10 with respect to the traveling direction of the sea wave, and a number of fixed piles 60 corresponding to the number of the mooring lines 61 are driven into the seabed.

さらに、本実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置１００は、図２に示すように、各係留索６１をそれぞれ巻き取る複数台の巻き取り機１１が浮体１０内に配備されている。すならち、各係留索６１の一端はそれぞれ各巻き取り機１１に連結し、その他端がそれぞれ各固定杭６０に固定されている。さらに浮体１０内には、各巻き取り機１１の係留索巻き取り動作を制御する、コンピュータ等の制御装置１２が設けられている。   Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of winders 11 that wind up the mooring lines 61 are provided in the floating body 10 of the sea buoyancy-type wave breaker 100 according to the present embodiment. That is, one end of each mooring line 61 is connected to each winder 11, and the other end is fixed to each fixed pile 60. Further, in the floating body 10, a control device 12 such as a computer for controlling the mooring-winding operation of each winder 11 is provided.

すなわち、潮の満ち引きや嵐などの気象の状況に応じて、各係留索６１の長さや張力は、各巻き取り機１１の係留索巻き取り動作によって調整できるようになっており、制御装置１２は、巻き取り機１１の係留索巻き取り動作を自動制御で行う。つまり、各係留索６１の長さや張力を調節することによって、浮体１０の前後、左右及び上下の移動を規制して、浮体１０を海上の定位置に浮遊させるようにする。なお、この巻き取り機１１の制御は、制御装置１２に依らないで、無線などの遠隔操作で陸地の指令所などから人が行うこともできる。   That is, the length and tension of each mooring line 61 can be adjusted by the mooring line winding operation of each winder 11 according to weather conditions such as tides and storms. Performs the mooring-winding operation of the winder 11 by automatic control. That is, by adjusting the length and tension of each mooring line 61, the forward / backward, left / right and up / down movements of the floating body 10 are regulated to float the floating body 10 at a fixed position on the sea. The winder 11 can be controlled by a person from a land command station or the like by remote operation such as wireless, without depending on the control device 12.

より詳しく述べると、制御装置１２は、各巻き取り機１１の係留索巻き取り動作を制御することにより、浮体１０の水平方向と垂直方向の位置とを制御する。具体的には、潮流速データや風力データなどに基づいて浮体１０の水平方向の位置を演算し、また水深データや波高データ、潮位データなどに基づいて浮体１０の垂直方向の位置を演算し、これら演算結果により各巻き取り機１１に対してモータ駆動信号を送信する。上記の各データは、例えば気象庁からの気象データを受信して取得するものとする。   More specifically, the control device 12 controls the horizontal position and the vertical position of the floating body 10 by controlling the mooring-winding operation of each winder 11. Specifically, the horizontal position of the floating body 10 is calculated based on tidal velocity data, wind power data, etc., and the vertical position of the floating body 10 is calculated based on water depth data, wave height data, tide level data, etc. A motor drive signal is transmitted to each winder 11 based on these calculation results. Each of the above data is acquired by receiving weather data from, for example, the Japan Meteorological Agency.

このように、本実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置１００では、制御装置１２により浮体１０の水平方向と垂直方向の位置を制御することができるので、例えば気象データに基づいて浮体１０の位置を制御することができ、気象状況に関わらず効果的な消波を行うことができる。   Thus, in the sea buoyancy type wave breaker 100 according to the present embodiment, the position of the floating body 10 can be controlled based on weather data, for example, because the control device 12 can control the horizontal and vertical positions of the floating body 10. It can be controlled and effective wave extinction can be performed regardless of weather conditions.

また、制御装置１２は、各巻き取り機１１の係留索巻き取り動作を制御することにより、浮体１０の水平姿勢保持制御を行う。具体的には、各巻き取り機１１の付近にそれぞれ傾斜角センサを設けておき、この各傾斜角センサの出力に基づいて、対応する巻き取り機１１のモータを駆動制御して、浮体１０の水平姿勢保持制御を行う。   Moreover, the control apparatus 12 performs horizontal attitude | position maintenance control of the floating body 10 by controlling the mooring rope winding operation | movement of each winder 11. FIG. Specifically, an inclination angle sensor is provided in the vicinity of each winder 11, and the motor of the corresponding winder 11 is driven and controlled based on the output of each tilt angle sensor. Perform horizontal posture maintenance control.

このように、本実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置１００では、制御装置１２により常時、消波装置本体の水平姿勢保持制御を行うことができるので、消波装置本体は、常に安定した姿勢で効果的に消波を行うことができる。
なお、津波などの海波による強力な張力に、各係留索６１や消波装置本体が耐え得るよう巻き取り部分には、油圧式の衝撃緩和バンパー１３を配備して衝撃を吸収できるようになっている。 As described above, in the sea buoyancy type wave breaker 100 according to the present embodiment, the control device 12 can always perform the horizontal posture holding control of the wave breaker main body, so that the wave breaker main body is always in a stable posture. It is possible to effectively eliminate the wave.
It should be noted that a hydraulic shock absorbing bumper 13 can be provided at the winding portion to absorb the shock so that each mooring cable 61 and the wave-dissipating device body can withstand strong tension caused by sea waves such as tsunami. ing.

次に、上記のように構成される本実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置１００の消波作用について説明する。
本実施形態に係る海上浮揚式消波装置によれば、まず、押し寄せてきた海波に対して、傾斜した主消波板２０と補助消波板３０自体によって消波が行われる。つまり、傾斜面での砕波によって波エネルギーを減衰させて消波するものである。 Next, the wave-absorbing action of the sea-floating wave-dissipating device 100 of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
According to the sea buoyancy-type wave breaking device according to the present embodiment, first, wave breaking is performed by the inclined main wave breaking plate 20 and the auxiliary wave breaking plate 30 itself with respect to the approaching sea wave. That is, wave energy is attenuated by wave breaking on an inclined surface and the wave is extinguished.

加えて、図２に示すように、テーパ状空間４０から成る海水流路によっても大きく消波が行われる。すなわち、押し寄せてきた海波は、主消波板２０の消波面２３に衝突して消波面２３に沿って斜め上方（図２の矢印Ｐ）に流れの方向を変えて、下部開口４２からテーパ状空間４０の海水流路内へ流入する。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the seawater flow path composed of the tapered space 40 is also largely wave-dissipated. That is, the rushed sea wave collides with the wave-dissipating surface 23 of the main wave-dissipating plate 20 and changes the flow direction obliquely upward (arrow P in FIG. 2) along the wave-dissipating surface 23 and tapers from the lower opening 42. Flows into the seawater flow path of the cylindrical space 40.

テーパ状空間４０の海水流路内に流入した海水は、所謂ノズル効果により次第に流速を増して上部開口４１側へ流れ、上部開口４１から天上へ向けて噴出する。そして、海水流路の上部開口４１から噴出する海水１ａが、補助消波板３０の上端を越える越波１ｂに衝突して、押し寄せてきた海波の波エネルギーを大きく減衰させる。噴出する海水１ａの噴出力は、押し寄せてきた海波の波エネルギーに応じて増幅する。このように、押し寄せてきた津波などの海波の持つエネルギーを利用して海波同士を衝突させて、押し寄せてきた海波の波エネルギーを大幅に減衰させるのである。   Seawater that has flowed into the seawater flow path of the tapered space 40 gradually increases in flow rate due to the so-called nozzle effect, flows to the upper opening 41 side, and is ejected from the upper opening 41 toward the top. And the seawater 1a which spouts from the upper opening 41 of a seawater flow path collides with the overtopping wave 1b which exceeds the upper end of the auxiliary | assistant wave-dissipating plate 30, and attenuate | damps the wave energy of the approaching sea wave greatly. The jet power of the seawater 1a that spouts is amplified according to the wave energy of the sea waves that have been pushed. In this way, sea waves collide with each other using the energy of sea waves such as tsunamis that have rushed, and the wave energy of the rushed sea waves is greatly attenuated.

押し寄せてきた海波が当該消波装置の上部を越える度に、上記のような波エネルギーの減衰作用が繰り返され、全体的に有効な消波が行われる。
ここで、上記の消波作用の能力が最大となるように、主消波板２０の傾斜角度を設定することにより、より効果的に海波の消波を行うことができる。 Each time the ocean wave that has been pushed over the upper part of the wave-dissipating device, the wave energy attenuation action as described above is repeated, and effective wave-absorption is performed as a whole.
Here, by setting the inclination angle of the main wave-dissipating plate 20 so that the capability of the wave-dissipating action is maximized, the sea wave can be more effectively extinguished.

図２は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る海上浮揚式消波装置２００の断面を示す。本実施形態において、第１の実施形態に係る海上浮揚式消波装置１００と同一の構成要素については、同一の符号を付し重複する説明は省略する。
本実施形態の海上浮揚式消波装置２００は、海上浮揚式消波装置１００と較べて主に消波板の構成が異なり、その他の構成はほぼ同様である。海上浮揚式消波装置２００の消波板２０１には、海上浮揚式消波装置１００のような補助消波板は設置されていないが、消波板２０１の水面下の長さが消波装置１００よりも長くなっている。そして、海上浮揚式消波装置２００の消波板２０１の上部には、海波が飛び越えるのを防ぐ波返し部材２０２が装備されている。 FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a sea buoyancy type wave breaker 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the same components as those of the sea buoyant wave quenching apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
The sea buoyant wave dissipating device 200 of the present embodiment is mainly different from the sea buoyant wave dissipating device 100 in the configuration of the wave-dissipating plate, and other configurations are substantially the same. The wave-dissipating plate 201 of the sea-floating wave-dissipating device 200 is not provided with an auxiliary wave-dissipating plate like the sea-floating-type wave-dissipating device 100, but the length of the wave-dissipating plate 201 below the water surface is the wave-dissipating device. It is longer than 100. And the wave return member 202 which prevents a sea wave jumping over is equipped in the upper part of the wave-dissipating board 201 of the sea buoyancy type wave-absorbing apparatus 200.

つまり、消波板２０１の一面には、海波と衝突して海波を破波し消波する消波面２３が設けられている。そして、波返し部材２０２は、消波板２０１の上部（空方向）に消波面２３と略垂直かつ海面と略水平方向に取り付けられている。
したがって、消波板２０１の上部により浅海波の上部を消波し、消波板２０１の下部により浅海波の下部を消波する。
海面に浮遊する浮体１０が海底に固定された固定杭に係留索で係留する方式を採るので、地震の震動によって消波装置本体が損壊するなど地震の悪影響を受けにくいことは、海上浮揚式消波装置１００と同様である。 That is, on one surface of the wave-dissipating plate 201, there is provided a wave-dissipating surface 23 that collides with a sea wave and breaks the sea wave to cancel the wave. The wave return member 202 is attached to the upper part (empty direction) of the wave-dissipating plate 201 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the wave-dissipating surface 23 and substantially horizontal to the sea surface.
Therefore, the upper part of the shallow sea wave is extinguished by the upper part of the wave-dissipating plate 201, and the lower part of the shallow sea wave is extinguished by the lower part of the wave-dissipating plate 201.
Since the floating body 10 floating on the sea surface is moored by a mooring line to a fixed pile fixed to the sea floor, the fact that the wave-dissipating device itself is not easily damaged by the earthquake vibration is not affected by the floating Similar to the wave device 100.

図３は、図２の海波減衰システムの配置例を示す鳥瞰図であり、湾また入り江に配置する例を表している。
図３に示すように、図２の海波減衰システムでは、図１で説明した消波装置１００から成る第１の消波装置列１１０を湾の入り口などの外洋に面した沿岸域に浮かせて設置し、さらに、陸地から離れた湾内の海上に第２の消波装置列２１０を設置する。そして、陸地に向かってくる津波等の海波を海上で捕捉し、そのスピードと波エネルギーを減衰して陸地への津波のダメージを軽減するものである。 FIG. 3 is a bird's-eye view showing an arrangement example of the sea wave attenuation system of FIG. 2 and shows an example of arrangement in a bay or a cove.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the sea wave attenuation system of FIG. 2, the first wave-dissipating device row 110 including the wave-dissipating device 100 described in FIG. 1 is floated on a coastal area facing the open ocean such as the entrance of a bay. In addition, the second wave-dissipating device row 210 is installed on the sea in the bay far from the land. Then, sea waves such as tsunamis coming to the land are captured at sea and the speed and wave energy are attenuated to reduce tsunami damage to the land.

より詳しく述べると、第１の消波装置列１１０は、図１で説明した海上浮揚式消波装置１００を海波の進行方向に対して対向するように横並びに複数台配列して成る。第２の消波装置列２１０は、海波の進行方向に対して第１の消波装置列１１０よりも後方に海上浮揚式消波装置２００を横並びに複数台配列して成り、第１の消波装置列１１０により消波されなかった海波の消波を行う。本例では、第１の消波装置列１１０は、上記の海上浮揚式消波装置１００の消波効果を最大限に活かすため、湾内と外洋を仕切る海域に横並びに設置してある。また、第２の消波装置列２１０は、湾内中央部付近の海域に横並びに設置してある。第１の消波装置列１１０及び第２の消波装置列２１０における上記の各消波装置の連結は、浮体１０の側面等に設けた連結金具に、チェーンなどの連結部材を用いて連結する。   More specifically, the first wave-dissipating device row 110 is formed by arranging a plurality of the sea-floating wave-dissipating devices 100 described in FIG. 1 side by side so as to face the traveling direction of the sea waves. The second wave-dissipating device row 210 is formed by arranging a plurality of ocean-floating wave-dissipating devices 200 side by side behind the first wave-dissipating device row 110 in the traveling direction of the sea waves. The ocean wave that has not been quenched by the wave-dissipating device array 110 is quenched. In this example, the first wave-dissipating device row 110 is installed side by side in the sea area that divides the bay and the open ocean in order to maximize the wave-dissipating effect of the above-described sea-floating-type wave-dissipating device 100. Moreover, the 2nd wave-dissipating device row | line | column 210 is installed side by side in the sea area near the center part in a bay. Each of the above-described wave-dissipating devices in the first wave-dissipating device row 110 and the second wave-dissipating device row 210 is connected to a connecting fitting provided on the side surface of the floating body 10 using a connecting member such as a chain. .

以上のような構成の海波減衰システムによれば、次のような作用がある。
第１の消波装置列１１０の消波作用によって、スピードと波エネルギーが弱った津波等の海波は、第１の消波装置列１１０の手前の海面上で海水の塊となって滞留する。そして、その滞留している海水の塊に後方から来る２波、３波の海波がぶつかり、後続の海波もスピードと波エネルギーを大きく減衰させる。このように陸地に向かってくる津波等の海波は、第１の消波装置列１１０によりスピードと波エネルギーを大きく減衰させ、第１の消波装置列１１０の手前で大きな波の盛り上がりが発生する。 The sea wave attenuation system configured as described above has the following effects.
Due to the wave-dissipating action of the first wave-dissipating device row 110, a sea wave such as a tsunami whose speed and wave energy have weakened stays as a mass of seawater on the sea surface before the first wave-dissipating device row 110. . Then, two or three sea waves coming from behind collide with the accumulated sea water mass, and the subsequent sea waves greatly attenuate the speed and wave energy. In this way, a sea wave such as a tsunami coming to the land greatly attenuates the speed and wave energy by the first wave-dissipating device array 110, and a large wave swell occurs in front of the first wave-dissipating device line 110. To do.

第１の消波装置列１１０により波エネルギーが弱まり第１の消波装置列１１０の手前で大きく盛り上がった海波は、後方から来る海波に押されて次第に第１の消波装置列１１０の上部や船舶航行用の水路３０１を通って、また陸地に向かうようになる。その海波を更に第２の消波装置列２１０で堰き止める。   The wave energy is weakened by the first wave-dissipating device row 110 and the sea wave that has risen greatly in front of the first wave-dissipating device row 110 is pushed by the sea wave coming from the rear and gradually increases in the first wave-dissipating device row 110. It goes to the land through the upper part and the waterway 301 for ship navigation. The sea wave is further dammed up by the second wave-dissipating device row 210.

海中を進行してきた海波（浅海波）のうち、第１の消波装置列１１０の下部をすり抜けてきた海波（海水）を、第２の消波装置列２１０における、海中に長く形成された消波板２０１が受け止め、海面下の浅海波の波エネルギーを減衰させる。さらに、第２の消波装置列２１０の上部に装備されている波返し部材２０２が、海波の飛び越えを防ぐように作用するので、第１の消波装置列１１０を超えてきた海波は第２の消波装置列２１０で堰き止められて海水が増水していく。その結果、第１の消波装置列１１０と第２の消波装置列２１０の間の海域（図２の１ｃ）が巨大なプールの役割をして津波の波エネルギーを更に弱め、第２の消波装置列２１０の陸地側の海域１ｄは海域１ｃよりも一段とうねりが小さくなり、津波の陸地への到達を遅らせる。   Among sea waves (shallow sea waves) that have traveled in the sea, sea waves (seawater) that have passed through the lower part of the first wave-dissipating device row 110 are formed long in the sea in the second wave-dissipating device row 210. The wave-dissipating plate 201 receives and attenuates the wave energy of shallow sea waves below the sea surface. Furthermore, since the wave return member 202 mounted on the upper part of the second wave-dissipating device row 210 acts to prevent the sea waves from jumping over, the sea wave that has passed over the first wave-dissipating device row 110 Seawater is increased by being blocked by the second wave-dissipating device row 210. As a result, the sea area (1c in FIG. 2) between the first wave-dissipating device row 110 and the second wave-dissipating device row 210 acts as a huge pool to further weaken the wave energy of the tsunami, The sea area 1d on the land side of the wave-dissipating device row 210 has a smaller swell than the sea area 1c, and delays the arrival of the tsunami to the land.

また、図３に示すように、船舶の往来する船舶航行口（図３の３０１、３０２）を除き、湾の入り口の大部分を本実施形態の消波装置で塞ぐことが可能であるため、湾全体に対して優れた海波被害の軽減効果を得ることができる。なお、図３中の４０１は固定式防波堤であり、４０２は既存の防波堤である。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, most of the entrance of the bay can be closed with the wave-absorbing device of the present embodiment except for the ship navigation port (301 and 302 in FIG. 3) where the ship comes and goes. Excellent sea wave damage mitigation effect for the entire bay. In FIG. 3, 401 is a fixed breakwater, and 402 is an existing breakwater.

本発明は、従前からの防波堤や消波装置の概念と大きく異なる発想で考案した技術であり、以下のような、これまでの防波／消波技術には無い優れた利点が数多くある。
（１）優れた消波効果
一般的な防波技術は、陸地や浅瀬にコンクリートなどによる堤体や消波体を築き、向かってくる津波等の海波の陸地への侵入を止める方法であった。このような場合、堤体や消波体は湾や入り江など先が狭まった場所の海と陸地の境目付近に設置されることが多い。このような場所に津波が到来した場合、陸地に近づくにつれ津波の進む範囲が狭まってくるため、海水が集中して波高や勢力が増し、そこにまた後続の津波がぶつかり更に波高が高くなり勢力が増すという悪循環が起こる。このようにして巨大化した津波に対して、従前からの堤防や消波装置を中心とした防波技術を用いても、十分な防災効果を挙げるのは困難である。 The present invention is a technology devised based on a concept that is significantly different from the conventional concept of breakwaters and wave breakers, and has many advantages that are not found in the conventional wave breaker / wave breaker technologies.
(1) Excellent wave-dissipating effect General wave-breaking technology is a method of building a levee body or wave-dissipating body made of concrete or the like on land or shallow water and stopping the invasion of sea waves such as tsunamis coming into the land. It was. In such a case, the dam body and the wave-dissipating body are often installed near the boundary between the sea and land where the tip is narrow, such as a bay or a cove. When a tsunami arrives at such a place, the area the tsunami travels becomes narrower as it approaches the land, so seawater concentrates and the wave height and power increase, and the subsequent tsunami collides there and the wave height further increases and the power increases. A vicious circle occurs. It is difficult to achieve a sufficient disaster prevention effect against the tsunami that has become huge in this way, even if the conventional wave-breaking technology centered on a dike or a wave-dissipating device is used.

これに対して、本実施形態の海波減衰システムは、津波が大きく勢力を増す前の、水深が深く陸地や島などの津波の進行に影響を与える障害物が無い外洋に面した海域で、比較的に勢力の小さい段階の津波に対処することができる。加えて、押し寄せる津波などの海波を消波板２０、３０の傾斜面で受け止めて跳ね返すだけの構成とは異なり、海波の持つ大きなエネルギーを逆に利用して、テーパ状空間４０を使用して海波同士をぶつけ合って、その波エネルギーを大幅に減衰させるものである。したがって、津波などの海波にも十分な消波作用を発揮することが可能になる。   On the other hand, the sea wave attenuation system of this embodiment is a sea area facing the open ocean where there is no obstacle that affects the progress of the tsunami such as land and islands before the tsunami increases greatly. It can cope with tsunami at a relatively small stage. In addition, unlike the configuration in which ocean waves such as tsunamis that are approaching are received and bounced off by the inclined surfaces of the wave-dissipating plates 20 and 30, the tapered space 40 is used by conversely using the large energy of the sea waves. The sea waves collide with each other and the wave energy is greatly attenuated. Therefore, it is possible to exert a sufficient wave-dissipating action against tsunami and other sea waves.

更にこのシステムの消波装置を、湾などの奥方向へ複数段、横並び配置することによって、その効果を倍増させることが可能である。これにより、陸地への津波の到来を遅らせて被害を大きく軽減することができる。   Furthermore, the effect can be doubled by arranging a plurality of wave-dissipating devices of this system side by side in a depth direction such as a bay. As a result, the damage can be greatly reduced by delaying the arrival of the tsunami on the land.

（２）優れた費用対効果性
本実施形態の海波減衰システムの構築では、固定杭６０を海底に設置すれば、後は工場や造船所で製造したシンプルな構造の本実施形態の消波装置をタグボート等で設置場所まで牽引して海底の固定杭６０と係留索６１で繋げればよく、土地取得を含めた設置にかかる費用や期間も、従前からの堤防を中心とした技術と比較して遥かに少なくて済む。 (2) Excellent cost-effectiveness In the construction of the sea wave attenuation system according to the present embodiment, if the fixed pile 60 is installed on the seabed, the wave breakage of the present embodiment with a simple structure manufactured at a factory or a shipyard afterwards. It is only necessary to tow the device to the installation location with a tugboat etc. and connect it with the fixed pile 60 on the seabed and the mooring cable 61, and the cost and period of installation including land acquisition are also compared with the conventional technology centered on the embankment. And much less.

なお、本システムで最もコストがかかる部分は、浮体１０となる巨大な台船を製造することである。その台船は、鋼鉄製やＦＲＰ製のものでなくてもよく、ポリプロピレンなどの安価な化学性材料や発泡系材料を使って空洞が無い巨大なブロックを造り、それをつなぎ合わせることによる簡単で低コストな方法でも大型の台船が実現できる。   The most costly part of this system is to manufacture a huge pontoon that becomes the floating body 10. The carrier does not have to be made of steel or FRP, and it is easy to make a huge block without hollows using cheap chemical materials such as polypropylene and foamed materials, and connecting them together. A large trolley can be realized even by a low-cost method.

また、設置方法の観点からも本実施形態の海波減衰システムは大きな優位性がある。例えば海岸沿いで人口が密集している場所は湾や入り江となっているところが多い。このような地域で防波能力を発揮するには、従前では、湾や入り江の形状に合わせて海を囲むように海岸沿いに全て堤防や消波装置を設置することが必要となる。しかし、本実施形態のシステムは、湾や入り江の入り口を塞ぐように消波装置を海上に浮かべるだけで、海側から湾内に侵入しようとする津波の波エネルギーを減衰させて湾内への急激な海水（海波）の浸入を防ぐことができる。したがって、従前において、堤防の設置に都市部の港湾などを埋め立てる場合や、湾に流れ込む河川が多く海岸線が長いために堤防の整備に莫大な費用と期間がかかる場合などのケースでは、本実施形態の海波減衰システムの費用対効果は極めて優れている。   Moreover, the sea wave attenuation system of this embodiment has a great advantage also from the viewpoint of the installation method. For example, many places along the coast where the population is dense are bays and coves. In order to demonstrate the wave-breaking capability in such areas, it has been necessary to install dikes and wave breakers all along the coast so as to surround the sea according to the shape of the bay and the bay. However, the system of the present embodiment only attenuates the wave energy of the tsunami that tries to enter the bay from the sea side so as to block the entrance of the bay or the bay, and abruptly enters the bay. Intrusion of seawater (sea waves) can be prevented. Therefore, in the case where landfills are used for landfills in urban areas, or when there are many rivers flowing into the bay and the coastline is long, it takes a lot of cost and time to develop the dike. The cost-effectiveness of the sea wave attenuation system is extremely good.

すなわち、例えば東京湾のように広大で奥行きが深く且つ多くの経済施設や住居が集中する地域において、従前からある堤防や消波装置による防波対策ではコストや設置場所・設置方法などで限界がある。これに対して、湾の入り口に消波装置を設置するだけで湾全体の津波被害を大幅に軽減できる本実施形態の海波減衰システムは、既存の防波技術に対して大きな優位性がある。   In other words, in areas such as Tokyo Bay that are vast and deep and where many economic facilities and residences are concentrated, there are limits to the cost, installation location, and installation method of the existing wave prevention measures using dikes and wave breakers. is there. On the other hand, the sea wave attenuation system of this embodiment, which can significantly reduce the tsunami damage of the entire bay by simply installing a wave extinguishing device at the entrance of the bay, has a great advantage over the existing wave protection technology. .

（３）地震・津波などへの高い強度とメインテナンス性の高さ
本実施形態の消波装置では、消波装置本体が海上に浮いていて直接地面と接していないので、構造的に地震の強い衝撃や急激な震動を直接受けることがない。また、水深が深く津波のエネルギーが比較的小さい段階で消波機能を発揮し、海自体も消波装置に対する衝撃を緩和する緩衝材として機能するため、消波装置への海波の衝撃は地上設置型の防波堤や浅瀬海底固定型の消波装置に較べて遥かに低くなる。つまり、本実施形態の消波装置は、地震や津波などの災害に対して強い耐性を有しており、東日本大震災のような巨大な津波や地震でも、消波装置本体が脆くも崩れ去り消波機能が発揮できないなどという可能性は著しく低い。 (3) High strength against earthquakes and tsunamis and high maintainability In the wave-dissipating device of this embodiment, the wave-dissipating device body is floating on the sea and is not in direct contact with the ground. There is no direct impact or shock. In addition, since the water is deep and the tsunami energy is relatively low, the wave-dissipating function is exerted, and the sea itself also functions as a buffer to reduce the shock to the wave-dissipating device. It is much lower than the installation type breakwater and the shallow water anchoring type wave breaker. In other words, the wave-dissipating device of this embodiment has strong resistance to disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis, and even if a huge tsunami or earthquake such as the Great East Japan Earthquake is broken, The possibility that the wave function cannot be demonstrated is extremely low.

また、装置自体が非常に軽量且つシンプルな構造であり、且つ装置が船のように海上に浮いている状態にあるので、維持・管理が容易である。すなわち、軽微な補修ならばその場ではしけや小型船などを使い、大規模な補修や交換の場合は係留索６１を外し、タグボートで牽引してドックに入船し修理することが可能である。大型の設備でありながら陸地に固定されていないことから船と同じような運用が可能であり、メインテナンスが非常に容易である。   In addition, since the device itself has a very light and simple structure, and the device is floating on the sea like a ship, it is easy to maintain and manage. That is, for minor repairs, it is possible to use a barge or small ship on the spot, and for large-scale repairs or replacements, the mooring line 61 can be removed and towed by a tug boat to enter the dock for repair. Although it is a large facility, it is not fixed on land, so it can be operated like a ship and is very easy to maintain.

（４）経済や景観に与える影響の軽減
一般的な堤防や消波装置の技術では、防波機能を高める手段は堤防の高さや強度を高める方法が主であるが、堤体や消波体を強大化した場合、海と陸地との間に大きな壁ができ、人や物の往来の障害になって地域の発展にマイナスとなる。さらに、大きな堤防や消波装置が陸地や海の景観を損ね、観光や地域文化の振興に障害となる恐れがある。 (4) Reducing the impact on the economy and landscape In general dike and wave breaker technology, the main means of enhancing the wave-breaking function is to increase the height and strength of the levee. If this is strengthened, a large wall will be formed between the sea and the land, which will be an obstacle to the traffic of people and goods, and will negatively affect the development of the region. In addition, large dikes and wave-dissipating devices can damage land and seascapes, which can hinder tourism and the promotion of local culture.

これに対して、本実施形態の海波減衰システムは、海上に消波装置全体を設置し、また船舶の航行にも支障が出ないよう計画的に浮体１０を付設する。そのため、地上には構築物の設置などの経済・生活環境の変化が一切起きないので、地域経済に影響を与えることなく高い防災機能を発揮することができる。逆に、本システムにより湾内の海波の大きなうねりを防ぐことができるため、本システムの設置により湾内を中心とした地域経済の振興が可能になる。   On the other hand, in the sea wave attenuation system of the present embodiment, the entire wave-dissipating device is installed on the sea, and the floating body 10 is systematically attached so as not to hinder ship navigation. Therefore, since there is no change in the economy and living environment such as the installation of structures on the ground, a high disaster prevention function can be exhibited without affecting the local economy. On the contrary, this system can prevent a large wave of sea waves in the bay, so the installation of this system makes it possible to promote the regional economy centered on the bay.

また、本装置特有の、陸上でなく海上で津波の進入を防ぐ機能を利用することで、堤防や消波装置の設置が障害物となり設置が不可能、または設置によって機能の大幅低下を招く空港や港を利用する物流センターや市場、工場などの重要な経済施設が、機能を一切低下させずに津波防御を行うことができる。   In addition, by using the function that prevents the tsunami from entering on the sea rather than on land, the installation of the embankment and the wave-dissipating device becomes an obstacle, or the installation may cause a significant deterioration in the function. Important economic facilities such as logistics centers, markets and factories that use the port can protect against tsunami without any loss of function.

さらに、本実施形態の消波装置では、外洋に面した海域に高さの低い消波装置本体を設置するため、地上設置型の堤防や浅瀬海底設置型の消波装置より遥かに目立たず、景観上の支障を与える可能性も低く観光や地域住民の生活への支障の発生も極めて低くくなる。   Furthermore, in the wave-dissipating device of the present embodiment, since the wave-dissipating device main body having a low height is installed in the sea area facing the open ocean, it is far less conspicuous than the ground-installed type dike and the shallow water-type wave-dissipating device, The possibility of hindrance to the landscape is low, and the occurrence of troubles for tourism and the lives of local residents is extremely low.

（５）湾全体の保全と潮流のコントロール及び海上基地としての利用
本実施形態の海波減衰システムでは、湾の入り口に津波の侵入を防ぐための消波装置を設置するため、津波だけでなく嵐などで湾外が激しく荒れている状態であっても、湾内への海波の進入を防ぎ、影響を大きく軽減することができる。そのため、本実施形態の消波装置を湾入り口や湾内に設置した場合、湾内全体を常時穏やかな海面に保つことが可能であり、安全な船舶の航行や漁業振興、海上都市構想など、荒れない海を利用した数々のプロジェクトが実現可能である。 (5) Conservation of the entire bay, control of tidal currents and use as a marine base In the sea wave attenuation system of this embodiment, a wave extinguishing device is installed at the entrance of the bay to prevent tsunamis from entering. Even when the bay is severely roughed due to storms, sea waves can be prevented from entering the bay and the impact can be greatly reduced. Therefore, when the wave-absorbing device of this embodiment is installed at the bay entrance or in the bay, it is possible to keep the entire bay at a calm sea level at all times, and it will not be rough, such as safe vessel navigation, fishery promotion, maritime city concept, etc. Numerous projects using the sea are feasible.

本発明に係る海上浮揚式消波装置及びこれを用いた海波減衰システムは、上述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱することなく、種々の構成を採り得る。
本発明に係る海波減衰システムにおいて、第２の消波装置列２１０は、海上浮揚式消波装置２００を横並びに複数台配列して成るのもののみならず、海上浮揚式消波装置１００を横並びに複数台配列してもよい。また、公知の海上浮揚式消波装置を使用することによっても一定の効果が期待できる。 The sea buoyancy type wave absorber and the sea wave attenuation system using the same according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can adopt various configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention. .
In the sea wave attenuating system according to the present invention, the second wave breaker array 210 includes not only the sea buoyant wave breaker 200 arranged side by side, but also the sea levitated wave breaker 100. Multiple units may be arranged side by side. In addition, a certain effect can be expected by using a known ocean buoyancy type wave breaker.

本発明の消波装置１００，２００は、浮体１０から海中へ伸ばした消波板により潮流の向きや早さをコントロールすることも可能である。本消波装置を潮の流れが速い海峡等に設置し潮流を穏やかにすることで船舶の安全な航行が可能である。   The wave-dissipating devices 100 and 200 of the present invention can also control the direction and speed of the tidal current with a wave-dissipating plate extending from the floating body 10 into the sea. By installing this wave-dissipating device in a strait where the flow of tide is fast and calming the tide, it is possible to navigate the ship safely.

また、このような波や潮流をコントロールする機能と、巨大フロートを海上に浮揚させる機能を活かして、海洋での大規模な魚の養殖や、海底下のレアメタルの探索・掘削作業、或いは海底工事の海上基地等、の海洋事業の拠点を形成したり、海上都市の基礎部分を形成したりして、海洋振興への多様な貢献が可能である。
さらに、本発明の消波装置１００，２００を環状に海面に配列させ、その中央部分の海域に人工環礁を形成させることも可能である。 In addition, taking advantage of such functions to control waves and tides and the ability to levitate huge floats to the sea, large-scale fish farming in the ocean, exploration and drilling of rare metals under the seabed, or undersea construction It is possible to make various contributions to ocean promotion by forming a base for offshore business such as maritime bases and forming the foundation of maritime cities.
Furthermore, the wave-absorbing devices 100 and 200 of the present invention can be annularly arranged on the sea surface, and an artificial atoll can be formed in the central sea area.

１ 海面
１０ 浮体
１１ 巻き取り機
１２ 制御装置
２０ 主消波板
２１ 主消波板上部
２２ 主消波板下部
２３ 消波面
３０ 補助消波板
４０ テーパ状空間
４１ 上部開口
４２ 下部開口
６０ 固定杭
６１ 係留索
１００，２００ 海上浮揚式消波装置
１１０ 第１の消波装置列
２１０ 第２の消波装置列 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sea surface 10 Floating body 11 Winder 12 Controller 20 Main wave-dissipating plate 21 Main wave-dissipating plate upper part 22 Main wave-dissipating plate lower part 23 Wave-dissipating surface 30 Auxiliary wave-dissipating plate 40 Tapered space 41 Upper opening 42 Lower opening 60 Fixed pile 61 Mooring lines 100, 200 Marine levitation wave breaker 110 First wave breaker row 210 Second wave breaker row

Claims (7)

海面に浮遊させる浮体（１０）と、
一面に海波を消波する消波面（２３）を有し、上部が前記浮体の上方に突出すると共に下部が前記浮体の下方に垂下し、全体として前記浮体の中央部側に傾斜して前記浮体の端部に固定された主消波板（２０）と、
前記主消波板の上方側へ向けて該主消波板との間隔が連続して狭くなるテーパ状空間が形成されるように、前記主消波板上部の消波面側に並設された補助消波板（３０）とを備え、
前記テーパ状空間は、前記主消波板上部の上端と前記補助消波板の上端の間に形成される上部開口（４１）と、前記主消波板上部の下端と前記補助消波板の下端の間に形成される下部開口（４２）を連通する海水流路とし、
海底に固定された固定杭（６０）に前記浮体を係留索（６１）で繋いで係留し、前記消波面が海波の進行に対向するように配置することを特徴とする海上浮揚式消波装置。 A floating body (10) floating on the sea surface,
The surface has a wave-dissipating surface (23) for absorbing sea waves, and the upper part protrudes above the floating body and the lower part hangs below the floating body. A main wave-dissipating plate (20) fixed to the end of the floating body;
It is arranged in parallel on the wave-dissipating surface side of the upper part of the main wave-dissipating plate so as to form a tapered space in which the interval with the main wave-dissipating plate is continuously narrowed toward the upper side of the main wave-dissipating plate. An auxiliary wave-dissipating plate (30),
The tapered space includes an upper opening (41) formed between the upper end of the upper portion of the main wave-dissipating plate and the upper end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate, the lower end of the upper portion of the main wave-dissipating plate, and the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate. A seawater channel communicating with the lower opening (42) formed between the lower ends;
The floating body is anchored by a mooring line (61) connected to a fixed pile (60) fixed to the sea floor, and the wave-dissipating surface is arranged to face the progress of the sea wave. apparatus. 前記主消波板の傾斜角度は、前記海水流路の上部開口から噴出する海水が前記補助消波板の上端を越える越波に衝突して波エネルギーを減衰させる消波の能力が最大となるような角度に設定したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の海上浮揚式消波装置。   The inclination angle of the main wave-dissipating plate is maximized so that the sea wave ejected from the upper opening of the sea water channel collides with overtopping exceeding the upper end of the auxiliary wave-dissipating plate and attenuates wave energy. The sea-floating type wave-absorbing device according to claim 1, which is set at a wide angle. 前記係留索を巻き取る巻き取り機が前記浮体に具備され、
前記係留索は海波の進行方向に対して前記浮体の前端部と後端部それぞれに複数本配され、且つ前記係留索の本数に応じた数の前記固定杭と前記巻き取り機とが設けられ、前記各係留索の一端をそれぞれ各巻き取り機に連結し、その他端をそれぞれ前記各固定杭に固定する構成とし、
さらに前記各巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御する制御手段（１２）を設け、
前記制御手段は、前記各巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御することにより、前記浮体の水平方向と垂直方向の位置とを制御することを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の海上浮揚式消波装置。 A winder for winding the mooring line is provided in the floating body;
A plurality of the mooring lines are arranged at each of the front end and the rear end of the floating body with respect to the traveling direction of sea waves, and the number of the fixed piles and the winder corresponding to the number of the mooring lines are provided. Each end of each mooring line is connected to each winder, and the other end is fixed to each fixed pile.
Furthermore, a control means (12) for controlling the mooring rope winding operation of each winder is provided,
The said control means controls the position of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the said floating body by controlling the mooring rope winding operation | movement of each said winding machine, The Claim 1 or Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Sea buoyancy type wave breaker. 前記制御手段は、前記巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御することにより、前記浮体の水平姿勢保持制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の海上浮揚式消波装置。   4. The sea buoyancy type wave breaker according to claim 3, wherein the control unit performs horizontal posture maintenance control of the floating body by controlling a mooring rope winding operation of the winder. 5. （Ａ）請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の海上浮揚式消波装置（「第１の海上浮揚式消波装置」という）と、
（Ｂ）海面に浮遊させる浮体（１０）と、
一面に海波を消波する消波面（２３）とその上部に前記消波面と略垂直かつ水平方向に設けられた波返し部材（２０２）を有し、上部が前記浮体の上方に突出すると共に下部が前記浮体の下方に垂下し、全体として前記浮体の中央部側に前記浮体の端部に固定される消波板（２０１）を備え、
海底に固定された固定杭（６０）に前記浮体を係留索（６１）で繋いで係留し、前記消波面が海波の進行に対向するように配置する第２の海上浮揚式消波装置（２００）と
を有し、
前記第１の海上浮揚式消波装置（１００）を海波の進行に対向するように複数台横並び配列して成り、外洋に面した海域に浮揚式で設置されて海波の消波を行う第１の消波装置列（１１０）と、
海波の進行方向に対して前記第１の消波装置列よりも後方に前記第２の海上浮揚式消波装置を複数台横並び配列して成り、前記第１の消波装置列により消波されなかった海波の消波を行う第２の消波装置列（２１０）とを備えたことを特徴とする海波減衰システム。 (A) The sea buoyant wave breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4 (referred to as “first sea buoyant wave breaker”) ;
(B) a floating body (10) floating on the sea surface;
A wave-dissipating surface (23) for wave-dissipating sea waves on one surface and a wave return member (202) provided substantially vertically and horizontally on the wave-dissipating surface are disposed on the upper surface, and the upper portion protrudes above the floating body. A lower part hangs down below the floating body, and includes a wave-dissipating plate (201) fixed to an end of the floating body as a whole on the center side of the floating body,
A second sea-floating type wave-dissipating device ( the second floating type wave-dissipating device (60), which is anchored to the fixed pile (60) fixed to the sea floor) 200) and
Have
A plurality of the first sea-floating type wave-absorbing devices (100) are arranged side by side so as to face the progress of the sea waves, and are installed in a floating type in the sea area facing the open ocean to quench the sea waves. A first wave-dissipating device row (110);
A plurality of the second sea-floating type wave-dissipating devices are arranged side by side behind the first wave-dissipating device row with respect to the traveling direction of the sea waves, and the wave-dissipating by the first wave-dissipating device row A sea wave attenuating system, comprising: a second wave extinguishing device array (210) for performing sea wave quenching that has not been performed . 前記第２の海上浮揚式消波装置は、
前記係留索を巻き取る巻き取り機が前記浮体に具備され、
前記係留索は海波の進行方向に対して前記浮体の前端部と後端部それぞれに複数本配され、且つ前記係留索の本数に応じた数の前記固定杭と前記巻き取り機とが設けられ、前記各係留索の一端をそれぞれ各巻き取り機に連結し、その他端をそれぞれ前記各固定杭に固定する構成とし、
さらに前記各巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御する制御手段（１２）を設け、
前記制御手段は、前記各巻き取り機の係留索巻き取り動作を制御することにより、前記浮体の水平方向と垂直方向の位置とを制御することを特徴とする請求項５に記載の海波減衰システム。 The second sea buoyancy-type wave breaker is
A winder for winding the mooring line is provided in the floating body;
A plurality of the mooring lines are arranged at each of the front end and the rear end of the floating body with respect to the traveling direction of sea waves, and the number of the fixed piles and the winder corresponding to the number of the mooring lines are provided. Each end of each mooring line is connected to each winder, and the other end is fixed to each fixed pile.
Furthermore, a control means (12) for controlling the mooring rope winding operation of each winder is provided,
6. The sea wave attenuation according to claim 5, wherein the control unit controls a horizontal position and a vertical position of the floating body by controlling a mooring line winding operation of each winder. System . 請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の海上浮揚式消波装置（１００）を海波の進行に対向するように複数台横並び配列して成り、外洋に面した海域に浮揚式で設置されて海波の消波を行う第１の消波装置列（１１０）と、
海波の進行方向に対して前記第１の消波装置列よりも後方に請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の海上浮揚式消波装置を複数台横並び配列して成り、前記第１の消波装置列により消波されなかった海波の消波を行う第２の消波装置列とを備えたことを特徴とする海波減衰システム。 A plurality of the ocean-floating type wave-absorbing devices (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are arranged side by side so as to face the progression of sea waves, and are installed in a floating manner in a sea area facing the open ocean. A first wave-dissipating device row (110) for performing sea wave quenching,
A plurality of sea-floating type wave-absorbing devices according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are arranged side by side behind the first wave-dissipating device row with respect to a traveling direction of sea waves, A sea wave attenuating system, comprising: a second wave extinguishing device row that performs wave extinguishing of a sea wave that has not been extinguished by one wave extinguishing device row .
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