JP5066543B2 - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5066543B2 JP5066543B2 JP2009075421A JP2009075421A JP5066543B2 JP 5066543 B2 JP5066543 B2 JP 5066543B2 JP 2009075421 A JP2009075421 A JP 2009075421A JP 2009075421 A JP2009075421 A JP 2009075421A JP 5066543 B2 JP5066543 B2 JP 5066543B2
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133634—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation the refractive index Nz perpendicular to the element surface being different from in-plane refractive indices Nx and Ny, e.g. biaxial or with normal optical axis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133635—Multifunctional compensators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/02—Number of plates being 2
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
実施例1では、上述の実施形態における液晶表示装置の液晶セル15に、ネマティック−液体相の転移温度が368Kであり、屈折率異方性が0.085(波長546nm、373K)、K1が9.9×10−12N、K2が7.2×10−12N、K3が15.8×10−12Nのネマティック液晶組成物を封入した。
実施例2では、上述の実施形態における液晶表示装置の液晶セル15に、屈折率異方性が0.084(波長546nm、313K)、K1が9.2×10−12N、K2が6.7×10−12N、K3が17.4×10−12N、ネマティック−液体相転移温度が384Kであるネマティック液晶組成物を封入した。
実施例3では、上述の実施形態における液晶表示装置の液晶セル15に、屈折率異方性が0.091(波長546nm、313K)、K1が9.8×10−12N、K2が7.8×10−12N、K3が17.6×10−12N、ネマティック−液体相転移温度が390Kであるネマティック液晶組成物を封入した。
実施例4では、上述の実施形態における液晶表示装置の液晶セル15に、屈折率異方性が0.078(波長546nm、313K)、K1が9.6×10−12N、K2が6.4×10−12N、K3が15.6×10−12N、ネマティック−液体相転移温度が363Kであるネマティック液晶組成物を封入した。
実施例5では、上述の実施形態における液晶表示装置の液晶セル15に、屈折率異方性が0.088(波長546nm、313K)、K1が9.7×10−12N、K2が7.0×10−12N、K3が16.5×10−12N、ネマティック−液体相転移温度が369Kであるネマティック液晶組成物を封入した。
また、比較例1として、実施例1におけるネマティック液晶組成物を用いつつ、複合偏光層を備えた偏光子12を従来のヨウ素延伸型偏光層を備えた下偏光板に変えた液晶表示装置を作成した。正面コントラスト比が1360、方位角、極角45度方向のコントラスト比が40であった。なお、ヨウ素延伸型偏光子の方位角、極角45度方向の偏光度は98%である。IPS型液晶表示装置の液晶層においては、斜め入射光に対する正面への光散乱強度が高いため、複合偏光層の斜め入射光の偏光度を高くすることは正面コントラスト比向上にも有効である。
さらに比較例2として、上述の実施形態における液晶表示装置の液晶セル15に、屈折率異方性が0.105(波長546nm、313K)、K1が8.5×10−12N、K2が4.3×10−12N、K3が9.8×10−12Nで、K3/K1が1.15であり、ネマティック−液体相転移温度が343Kであるネマティック液晶組成物を封入した。比較例2における正面コントラスト比は850であり、方位角、極角45度方向のコントラスト比は50であった。
さらに比較例3として、上述の実施形態における液晶表示装置の液晶セル15に、屈折率異方性が0.091(波長546nm、313K)、K1が11.2×10−12N、K2が9.0×10−12N、K3が17.8×10−12Nであり、ネマティック−液体相転移温度が343Kであるネマティック液晶組成物を封入した。本比較例のパネルコントラストは1400であり、方位角、極角45度方向のコントラスト比は100であった。
Claims (10)
- 液晶層を挟持する2つの基板及び該2つの基板の外側に配置された2つの偏光板を備えた液晶パネルと、前記液晶パネルに向けて光を発光する光源ユニットと、
を有し、前記液晶層における液晶分子は、前記2つの基板と平行な面方向に電界がかけられることにより回転させられる液晶表示装置であって、
前記光源ユニットの側に配置された前記偏光板には、斜め方向よりも正面方向から入射する光の偏光度が高い第1偏光層と、正面方向よりも斜め方向から入射する光の偏光度が高い第2偏光層とを有する複合偏光層が形成されて、
前記液晶層に封入された液晶材料の広がり弾性定数K1と、捻れ弾性定数K2と、曲がり弾性定数K3は、
平均弾性定数が、10×10−12N以上であって、
K1/K2≦1.5の関係を満たす、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項1の液晶表示装置であって、
前記第1偏光層は、正の一軸性を示す偏光層によって構成されて、
前記第2偏光層は、負の一軸性を示す偏光層によって構成されて、
前記複合偏光層において、前記第1偏光層と前記第2偏光層における吸収軸は互いに平行になるように積層される、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記広がり弾性定数K1と前記捻れ弾性定数K2と前記曲がり弾性定数K3は、
K1/K3≦2/3、K2/K3≦1/2の関係を満たす、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項3に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記広がり弾性定数K1は、12×10−12N以下であり、
前記捻れ弾性定数K2は、8×10−12N以下である、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項4に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記広がり弾性定数K1は、10×10−12N以下である、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項5に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記広がり弾性定数K1は、9×10−12N以上10×10−12N以下の範囲にあり、
前記捻れ弾性定数K2は、6×10−12N以上8×10−12N以下の範囲にあり、
前記曲がり弾性定数K3は、15×10−12N以上である、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記複合偏光層において、前記第2偏光層は前記第1偏光層よりも前記液晶層側に配置される、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項7に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記複合偏光層は、前記第1偏光層及び前記第2偏光層の間に、光学的に略等方な層を有する、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記光源ユニットの側に配置された前記偏光板は、その面内の偏光軸に対して方位角45度及び極角方向45度から入射される光に対する偏光度が99.8以上となる、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記液晶材料の屈折率異方性が、0.07以上0.09以下である、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
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