JP5058768B2 - Utilization of iron source recovered from steelmaking slag - Google Patents
Utilization of iron source recovered from steelmaking slag Download PDFInfo
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- JP5058768B2 JP5058768B2 JP2007319779A JP2007319779A JP5058768B2 JP 5058768 B2 JP5058768 B2 JP 5058768B2 JP 2007319779 A JP2007319779 A JP 2007319779A JP 2007319779 A JP2007319779 A JP 2007319779A JP 5058768 B2 JP5058768 B2 JP 5058768B2
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Description
本発明は、製鋼工程で発生するスラグに含有する小径粒鉄を回収して鉄源として利用する方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method of recovering small diameter iron contained in slag generated in a steelmaking process and using it as an iron source.
製鋼工程では、溶銑予備処理、転炉や電気炉での１次精錬、ＲＨやＬＦでの２次精錬によりスラグ（以下、製鋼スラグという。）が発生する。この製鋼スラグには、Ｓｉ、Ｐ、ＳやＡｌ等の酸化物などの不純物の他に鉄分が不可避的に含有している。この鉄分を回収して再資源化することが行われている。 In the steelmaking process, slag (hereinafter referred to as steelmaking slag) is generated by hot metal pretreatment, primary refining in a converter or electric furnace, and secondary refining in RH or LF. This steelmaking slag inevitably contains iron in addition to impurities such as oxides such as Si, P, S and Al. The iron is collected and recycled.
特許文献１には、製鋼スラグを磨鉱しスラグ中に含まれる粒鉄を回収し、冷却材として利用する方法が提案されている。この方法の具体例として、転炉取鍋内またはＲＨ内の溶鋼に径が３〜８０ｍｍの粒鉄を添加するものであり、添加目的が冷却材として使用するものであるから、転炉取鍋内溶鋼への添加の際には、表面スラグを突き破って溶鋼内に入るように添加しなければならないとしているものである。 Patent Document 1 proposes a method of grinding steelmaking slag, recovering granular iron contained in the slag, and using it as a coolant. As a specific example of this method, granular iron having a diameter of 3 to 80 mm is added to molten steel in a converter ladle or RH, and the purpose of addition is to be used as a coolant. In addition to the inner molten steel, it must be added so as to break through the surface slag and enter the molten steel.
また、特許文献２には、製鋼スラグの鉄分回収方法およびスラグのリサイクル方法および装置が提案されている。しかし、該特許文献２には、小径粒鉄を対象とした具体的なリサイクル方法が開示されていない。 Patent Document 2 proposes a method for recovering iron from steelmaking slag and a method and apparatus for recycling slag. However, Patent Document 2 does not disclose a specific recycling method for small-diameter grain iron.
上記特許文献１で開示された技術により、粒鉄を溶鋼に添加すると、粒鉄に付着している上記不純物も同時に溶鋼に添加されることになり、その後、不純物を鉄分から分離、除去する処理が必要となり、精錬負荷が高まり、好ましくない。 When the granular iron is added to the molten steel by the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, the impurities attached to the granular iron are also added to the molten steel at the same time, and then the impurities are separated and removed from the iron. Is required, and the refining load increases, which is not preferable.
さらに、小径粒鉄は、径が数ｍｍのものが主体であるため、高い溶鋼温度による激しい上昇気流により、溶鋼に添加する際、飛散するという問題がある。また、小径粒鉄は、径が小さいがために比表面積が大きいことから、Ｃ濃度が高い溶銑に直接添加した場合、激しく反応し易く、安定した操業が得られないという問題がある。 Further, since small-diameter iron is mainly composed of a few mm in diameter, there is a problem that it is scattered when added to molten steel due to a violent ascending current caused by a high molten steel temperature. In addition, since small-diameter iron has a small specific diameter and a large specific surface area, when it is added directly to hot metal having a high C concentration, it tends to react vigorously and stable operation cannot be obtained.
かかる状況を鑑み、本発明は、製鋼スラグ中の小径粒鉄を安定して効率的に鉄源として利用する方法を提供するものである。 In view of this situation, the present invention provides a method for stably and efficiently utilizing small-diameter iron particles in steelmaking slag as an iron source.
本発明者らは、小径粒鉄を、溶銑予備処理後であって脱炭精錬前の取鍋内または混銑車内の溶銑の表面スラグ上に上置きするように散布することにより、飛散することなく添加でき、脱炭精錬で鉄分が溶鋼中に回収され、その後の精錬の負荷にも悪影響を与えることなく、効率的に鉄源を利用できることを知見し、本発明を完成した。 The present inventors sprinkle small-diameter iron without spattering by spraying it so that it is placed on the surface slag of the hot metal in the ladle after the hot metal pretreatment and before decarburization or refining. It was found that iron was recovered in molten steel by decarburization refining, and that the iron source could be used efficiently without adversely affecting the subsequent refining load, thus completing the present invention.
本発明の要旨は、次のとおりである。
（１）製鋼スラグを破砕し磁力選別して得た、径が１０ｍｍ以下の小径粒鉄を、溶銑予備処理後であって、脱炭精錬を施す転炉または電気炉へ装入前の取鍋内または混銑車内の溶銑の表面スラグ上に上置きするように散布し、表面スラグと結合し取り込ませた後に、溶銑と共に転炉または電気炉に装入し、脱炭精錬を行うことを特徴とする製鋼スラグから回収した鉄源の利用方法。
（２）前記小径粒鉄が、１０質量％以下の水分を含有することを特徴とする上記（１）記載の製鋼スラグから回収した鉄源の利用方法。
The gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A ladle obtained by crushing steelmaking slag and magnetically sorting, and having a diameter of 10 mm or less after hot metal pretreatment and before charging into a converter or electric furnace for decarburization refining It is sprayed so as to be placed on the surface slag of the hot metal in the inner or chaotic vehicle, combined with the surface slag, taken in, and then charged into the converter or electric furnace together with the hot metal, and decarburized and refined. To use iron source recovered from steelmaking slag .
(2 ) The utilization method of the iron source collect | recovered from the steelmaking slag as described in said (1 ) characterized by the said small diameter grain iron containing the water | moisture content of 10 mass% or less.
本発明は、小径粒鉄を、溶銑予備処理後であって脱炭精錬前の取鍋内または混銑車内の溶銑の表面スラグ上に上置きするように散布することにより、粒鉄が飛散することなく添加でき、添加時のスラグフォーミングも発生せず、脱炭精錬で鉄分が溶鋼中に回収され、その後の精錬の負荷にも悪影響を与えることなく、効率的に鉄源を利用できる。 In the present invention, small-diameter iron is sprinkled by sprinkling small-diameter iron so as to be placed on the surface slag of hot metal in a ladle after hot metal pretreatment and before decarburization refining or in a kneading vehicle. It can be added without any slag forming at the time of addition, the iron content is recovered in the molten steel by decarburization refining, and the iron source can be used efficiently without adversely affecting the subsequent refining load.
本発明は、製鋼スラグを破砕し磁力選別して得た小径粒鉄を、溶銑予備処理後の取鍋内、または溶銑予備処理後の混銑車内の、溶銑の表面スラグ上に上置きするように散布するものである。 In the present invention, small-diameter iron obtained by crushing steelmaking slag and magnetically sorting it is placed on the surface slag of hot metal in a ladle after hot metal pretreatment or in a kneading vehicle after hot metal pretreatment. It is something to spray.
脱硫、脱珪、及び脱燐の内の何れか１つ以上の溶銑予備処理後の溶銑温度は、１３５０℃程度であり、脱炭精錬後の溶鋼温度の１６５０℃程度に比べて低温であるため、溶銑表面からの上昇気流がそれ程激しくなく、また、溶銑予備処理後では、脱炭精錬中あるいは溶銑予備処理中と異なり、酸素等のガス吹込みが停止しているから、小径粒鉄であっても、飛散することがない。 The hot metal temperature after hot metal pretreatment of any one or more of desulfurization, desiliconization, and dephosphorization is about 1350 ° C, which is lower than the molten steel temperature of about 1650 ° C after decarburization refining. However, the upward air flow from the hot metal surface is not so intense, and after the hot metal pretreatment, unlike decarburization refining or hot metal pretreatment, the blowing of oxygen and other gases is stopped, so small diameter iron particles are used. But it won't scatter.
溶銑予備処理後の溶銑の表面スラグは、温度が１３５０℃程度の低温であり、組成上ＳｉＯ2成分が高いために粘性が高いあるいは未溶融ＣａＯが多いためスラグ固相率が高いため、上方から小径粒鉄を散布した場合、小径粒鉄は、このスラグ中に捕捉される。 The surface slag of the hot metal after the hot metal pretreatment is a low temperature of about 1350 ° C., and since the composition has a high SiO 2 component, the viscosity is high or the amount of unmelted CaO is high, so the slag solid fraction is high. When small-diameter iron is sprayed, the small-diameter iron is trapped in this slag.
粒鉄が、スラグを突き破り溶銑中に達したり、或いは、溶銑中に巻き込まれてしまうと、粒鉄に付着しているＦｅＯと溶銑中の高Ｃとが反応し、ＣＯガスが発生し、スラグがフォーミングして好ましくない。溶銑予備処理前では、取鍋内或いは混銑車内の溶銑の表面にスラグがほとんど存在せず、存在しても低粘度かつスラグ固相率が低いため、散布した小径粒鉄が直接溶銑中に達してしまう。また、溶銑予備処理中では、予備処理炉内で溶銑とスラグが攪拌状態にあるため、散布した小径粒鉄が溶銑中に巻き込まれてしまう。粒鉄が溶銑中に直接達しあるいは巻き込まれてしまわないためにも、スラグが存在しかつスラグが静止状態にある溶銑予備処理後とする必要がある。 When the granular iron breaks through the slag and reaches the hot metal, or is caught in the hot metal, FeO adhering to the granular iron reacts with high C in the hot metal to generate CO gas, and slag Is not preferable because of forming. Before the hot metal preliminary treatment, there is almost no slag on the surface of the hot metal in the ladle or in the kneading vehicle, and even if it exists, the low-viscosity and low slag solid phase ratio, the sprayed small-diameter iron reaches the hot metal directly End up. Further, during the hot metal pretreatment, since the hot metal and slag are in a stirring state in the pretreatment furnace, the sprayed small-diameter iron is caught in the hot metal. In order that the granular iron does not reach or get caught directly in the hot metal, it is necessary to be after the hot metal pretreatment in which slag exists and the slag is in a stationary state.
スラグ中に捕捉された小径粒鉄は、小径粒鉄に付着している複合酸化物融点が１２００℃程度でありスラグの熱により溶融することで、スラグと容易に結合し取り込まれた後は安定した状態になる。このような状態にすることにより、溶銑と共に、転炉または電気炉に装入する際、小径粒鉄が飛散することなく安定して装入できると共に、次いで脱炭精錬を行うことにより、小径粒鉄中の鉄分が溶鋼中に回収され、粒鉄に付着していた酸化物等の不純物は浮上、分離され、以後の精錬の負荷に影響を及ぼすことがない。 The small-diameter iron trapped in the slag has a melting point of the complex oxide adhering to the small-diameter iron is around 1200 ° C, and is stable after being easily combined with the slag and taken in by melting with the heat of the slag. It will be in the state. In such a state, when charging into the converter or electric furnace together with the hot metal, the small-diameter iron can be stably charged without being scattered, and then decarburization and refining to reduce the small-diameter particles. Iron in the iron is recovered in the molten steel, and impurities such as oxides adhering to the granular iron are levitated and separated, and do not affect the subsequent refining load.
小径粒鉄を溶銑表面上のスラグ中に効果的に捕捉させてスラグと結合させ取り込ませるためには、該小径粒鉄の径を１０ｍｍ以下にするのが好ましい。径が１０ｍｍを超えると、粒鉄がスラグを突き破って溶銑中に進入するため、効率的にスラグに結合し取り込まれない。磁力選別した後に回収鉄源を分級することにより、１０ｍｍ以下の小径粒鉄とすることができる。分級した大径鉄分については、鋼屑と一緒に精錬炉に装入して鉄源とすることができる。 In order to effectively trap the small-diameter iron in the slag on the surface of the hot metal and combine it with the slag, the diameter of the small-diameter iron is preferably 10 mm or less. If the diameter exceeds 10 mm, the granular iron breaks through the slag and enters the hot metal, so that it is efficiently combined with the slag and not taken in. By classifying the recovered iron source after magnetic separation, it is possible to obtain a small-diameter grain iron of 10 mm or less. The classified large-diameter iron can be charged into a smelting furnace together with steel scraps as an iron source.
小径粒鉄の散布は、高所からの落下投入は好ましくない。低い位置から、或いは、落下途中に陣笠状障害物を設けるなどして、スラグへの着地速度を低減させることが好ましい。 For spraying small-diameter grain iron, dropping from a high place is not preferable. It is preferable to reduce the landing speed on the slag from a low position or by providing a Jinkasa-like obstacle during the fall.
本発明は、小径粒鉄をスラグ中に捕捉させ、スラグの熱によりスラグに結合させ取り込ませるものであるから、小径粒鉄には１０質量％以下の水分が含まれていても良い。１０質量％を超える水分が含まれていると、水蒸気爆発等の異常反応が発生し好ましくない。含有水分が１０％以下であれば、含有水分ゼロであっても構わない。 In the present invention, small-diameter iron is trapped in slag, and is combined with and taken into slag by the heat of slag. Therefore, the small-diameter iron may contain 10% by mass or less of moisture. If the water content exceeds 10% by mass, an abnormal reaction such as a steam explosion occurs, which is not preferable. If the moisture content is 10% or less, the moisture content may be zero.
本発明は、水分が含まれている小径粒鉄の添加を許容することにより、露天で保管されていた製鋼スラグを乾燥させずに使用することができる。 The present invention can be used without drying steelmaking slag stored in an open-air by allowing the addition of small-diameter iron containing moisture.
溶銑に脱珪、及び脱燐処理を施して発生したスラグを破砕し、磁力選別し、分級して、径が０．５〜７ｍｍの小径粒鉄を準備した。この小径粒鉄は露天で保管してあったため、８〜９質量％の水分を含有していた。 Slag generated by desiliconizing and dephosphorizing the hot metal was crushed, subjected to magnetic separation, and classified to prepare small-diameter iron particles having a diameter of 0.5 to 7 mm. Since this small-diameter iron was stored in the open air, it contained 8 to 9% by mass of water.
転炉に高炉からの溶銑２９３トンと鋼屑２１トンの合計３１４トンを装入し、常法により脱珪、及び脱燐の予備処理を施し、該予備処理した溶銑（溶解した鋼屑含む）を取鍋に排出した。取鍋に排出した溶銑上には、不可避的にスラグが存在していた。このスラグの上方２ｍの位置に設置したホッパーから上記小径粒鉄１トンを自然落下させた。この際、落下中間位置に陣笠状障害物を配設して、自然落下した小径粒鉄を陣笠状障害物の斜面で受けた後、斜面をすべり落ちるようにして落下速度を減速し、少量づつスラグ面に均一に散布した。散布時には、小径粒鉄は飛散することがなく、スラグのフォーミングや水蒸気爆発も見られなかった。この場合、小径粒鉄は、スラグ中に止まり、溶銑中には進入しなかったものと推定される。 The converter was charged with a total of 314 tons of hot metal from blast furnace and 293 tons of steel scrap and 21 tons of steel scrap, and pre-treated for desiliconization and dephosphorization by conventional methods, and the pre-treated hot metal (including melted steel scrap) The ladle was discharged into a ladle. On the hot metal discharged into the ladle, slag was unavoidably present. One ton of the above small-diameter grain iron was naturally dropped from a hopper installed at a position 2 m above the slag. At this time, a Jinkasa-like obstacle is arranged in the middle of the fall, and after receiving the small-diameter iron that has fallen naturally on the slope of the Jinkasa-like obstacle, the fall speed is reduced by sliding down the slope, and gradually The slag surface was sprayed uniformly. At the time of spraying, the small-diameter iron did not scatter and neither slag forming nor water vapor explosion was observed. In this case, it is presumed that the small-diameter iron stays in the slag and does not enter the hot metal.
その後、約２０分経過させて、散布した小径粒鉄をスラグに結合させ取り込ませた後、溶銑と共に他の転炉に装入し、脱炭精錬を行った。 Then, after about 20 minutes, the sprinkled small-diameter iron was combined with slag and taken in, and then charged into another converter together with hot metal, and decarburized and refined.
脱炭精錬後、２８５トンの溶鋼を得た。このときの溶鋼歩留（溶鋼重量／（高炉からの溶銑重量＋鋼屑重量））は、９０．７％であり、小径粒鉄を投入しなかった場合に比べて０．２％の向上が見られ、小径粒鉄から鉄分を回収できたことを確認した。 After decarburization refining, 285 tons of molten steel was obtained. The molten steel yield (molten steel weight / (molten steel weight from blast furnace + steel scrap weight)) at this time was 90.7%, an improvement of 0.2% compared to the case where small-diameter grain iron was not added. As can be seen, it was confirmed that iron could be recovered from small-diameter iron.
比較例として、径が１５〜２０ｍｍであり、１３〜１５質量％の水分を含有する粒鉄２トンをスラグ面上４ｍの上方からスラグ面の局所に一気に落下投入した。このとき、水蒸気爆発が発生すると共に、スラグのフォーミングが発生した。この場合では、粒鉄は、溶銑中に進入したものと推定される。 As a comparative example, 2 tons of granular iron having a diameter of 15 to 20 mm and containing 13 to 15% by mass of water was dropped into a local area of the slag surface from 4 m above the slag surface. At this time, steam explosion occurred and slag forming occurred. In this case, it is presumed that the granular iron has entered the hot metal.
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| JP3292758B2 (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 2002-06-17 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for recovering iron from steelmaking slag and method and apparatus for recycling slag |
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